Consumption of a Consumption or Atrophy and its Causes 846 847 Purgatives affect the Nervous Fibres of the Guts 369 In Purging the Fibres of the Stomach commence their motion about the Orifice and so move downward to the bottom of the Stomach 330 R. OF Rare parts 6 Rarefaction 9 10 11 12 Receptacle of Chyle 679 its Origen Figure and Cavity 680 Renales Glandulae their Situation Figure Magnitude Coates and uses 472 473 Of Respiration and of its efficient Cause and Retentive Faculty of the Stomach 290 to 295 Pathology of the retentive Faculty 294 to 296 The Retentive is seated in the Fibrils of the Coates of the Stomach 291 Rheumatism its Types and Periods and its Matter 151 The Causes of a Rheumatism the serous Parts of the Blood different kinds of Salts Acides and Alcalys 152 The antecedent Procatarctick and continent cause of a Rheumatism 153 Diverse other causes of a Rheumatism ill Blood and Nervous Liquor 155 Rheumatism flowing from concreted saline and Earthy parts and is also derived from sulphureous and flatulent Matter 156 Pain in a Rheumatism coming from disaffected Nervous Fibres 157 An Vniversal Rheumatism derived from all the Muscles disordered 157 The Curative preservative and vital Indication in a Rheumatism 158 Bleeding and Purging Medicines may be proper in their season in a Rheumatism 158 and in its Cure diverse Medicines propounded 159 A Rheumatism and joint Gout do not differ essentially but in parts affected 160 Nature and Organs and how the intercostal Muscles contribute to it 824 825 Of the Matter and efficient cause of Respiration 830 And of the uses of Respiration 835 836 837 Rete Mirabile and the reason of its Denomination dimensions of the plexes of Arterys how they are inosculated 1027 And the use of inosculation of Arterys 1028 Of the Ribs and their articulations and the oblique insertion of the Cartilages into the Ribs 826 The Rim of the Belly hath its process more close in Man then Bruits 514 The Rim of the Belly its situation and Figure 106 Pathology of the Rim and Cavity of the Belly and its Inflammation 164 the several sorts of Ruptures and tumors in the Belly 165 166 Rotation of the Thorax is so called improperly because it is not carried circularly but only backward and forward 97 The Rotation of the Loines and Thorax and by what Muscles it is performed 97 S. SOft parts of the Body are first formed out of the Colliquated Seed 1623 1624 Salival Liquor is fermentative as made up of various Elements 26 27 Salival Liquor is a kind of Vniversal Menstruum embodying with diverse Liquors 27 The parts of Salival Liquor and its Composition Ibid. Sanguineous parts 2 Salts being fixed are volatized by the effluxes of Air 38 Sap Vessels pass longwise and transversely in annular Fibres and diametral rays 31 Sap is exalted with Air in its motion upward and horizantally through the Vessels of the Bark and Wood 38 Sap Vessels their Figure and divarication 794 Between the Sap Vessels are seated many Areae as so many Cisterns of different Liquors 795 Sarcocele and its Cause and Cure 553 554 Of the Scurvy and how it is an Vniversal Disease and of the first seat of the Scurvy and of the Symptomes of the Scurvy in the Head Thorax and the lowest venter 1202 And of the Symptomes of the Scurvy in the habit and ambient parts of the Body And how the Air and gross Aliment is a cause of the Scurvy and of the ill ferments of the Stomach are remote Causes of this Disease 1203 The ill Mass of Blood and Nervous Liquor are antecedent Causes of the Scurvy 1204 The Scurvy is the Parent of many Diseases and the Spleen is often sound in it and of some Symptoms of the Scurvy and their Aetiology 1206 The seat of this Disease is sometimes a Corrupted Caul and other times an ill affected Pancreas 1207 The Original Cause of the Scurvy is an ill Chyle 1207 The great Cause of the Scurvy is the discrasy of the Blood 1208 Good Air and Aliment contribute much to the Cure of the Scurvy Ibid. In this Disease Purging and Vomiting Medicines discharge the recrements of the Stomach and bitter Medicines corroborate it 1208 Diureticks Diaphoreticks Vomitorys Purging Pills and Purging Medicines prepared with Antiscorbuticks and alteratives made of Aperients c. are very useful in this Disease 1209 Antiscorbutick infusions Apocemes Juices Syrupes destilled Waters c. 1210 Medicated Ale Testaceous Powders Electuaries Lime Water Purging and Diuretick Mineral Waters Chalybeat Preparations c. are very proper in this Disease 1211 Medicines proper for the Scurvy complicated with an Asthma as also Cephalicks mixed with Antiscorbuticks are very useful in this Malady 1212 Gargarismes for the Mouth and Diet Drinks for pain of the Limbs are advantagious in this Disease 1212 The Cure of Scabs Freckles Morphew Itch c. 68 69 71 Of the Scales of Fish which invest their Skin and of their situation Figure Magnitude Colour Substance and their formation 949. The use and Scales of diverse Fish 950 Secundine of the Seeds as also the Chorion and Amnios 672 Seminal Liquor of a Woman 604 to 607 Elements and parts of the â—eed of Man 617 Womens Seed is more watry and Crude than Mans 617 Mans and Womans Seed espouse a Vnion before Conception 618 The several kindes of Plastick Vertue in the Seed 619 620 Seed containeth the Ideas of all parts of the Body 621 Fibres of the Seed have dispositions and Figures 623 The Concretive Power of Seed in relation to the formation of several parts of the Body consisteth in the Fibres of the Seed derived from various salts 623 The seminal matter contained in the Eggs of Insects 662 Seeds of several Insects are different 662 Faeminine Seed 604 The union of the Seed of Man and Woman produceth the like in the Foetus 604 The Faeminine Seed is a passive or less active principle and is much exalted by the Masculine in generation 606 The Matter of Faeminine Seed and the manner how it is produced in the Ovarys 606 The Semen of a Woman is different from that of Man 607 The Materia Substrata of Seed is the serous part of the Blood and Nervous Liquor 607 The Masculine Seed hath some parts spirituous and volatil and others more fixed 617 The Faeminine Seed is more watry and Crude and less spirituous then that of Man Ibid. The manner how Masculine and Faeminine Seed espouse each other after coition 618 The Seed is first immitted into the Vagina not into the Body of the Womb 618 The accretions belonging to the Plastick Vertue do not proceed from pure salty but as mixed with other Elements 620 The seminal Liquor is made up of Alcalys and Acides 620 The seminal Ideas are modelled by the parts through which they pass 621 The Plastick Vertue doth first shew it self in the Colliquated parts of the Seed 623 The seminal Liquor is Fibrous 623 The seminal Fibres have
in order to recover her of an Ascitis caused by a suppression of the Haemorrhoids whence the current of the Faeculent Blood being intercepted her Body grew very much Emaciated and full of watry Recrements discharged into the Cavity of the Belly which being inspected after Death it was found overcharged with a quantity of Watry Humours Sometimes this kind of Dropsie ariseth from the stoppage of the Menstrua A Dropsie arising from a suppressing of the Menstrua whose watry Faeculencies do despoile the Body of the bounty of Blood as not being Purged off by the Arteries inserted into the inward Coat relating to the Body Neck and Vagina Uteri whereupon the Blood degenerates into a cold and moist Constitution as growing big with watry Impurities and hath its native heat and Spirituous parts depressed causing an unkindly Fermentation and Assimilation of Chyme into Blood and spoileth the Succus Nutricius so that it cannot be united and turned into the substance of the solid parts whence proceedeth an Atrophy of the whole Body in inveterate Dropsies derived from different Causes all producing a watry Mass of Blood which cannot be intimately conjoyned by Assimilation with the numerous Vessels of several Tribes and Families which integrate the Fleshy parts of the Body An Ascitis may also flow in good Fellows An Ascitis flowing from a Rupture of the Bladder Drinking to a hight from a large quantity of Urine which is commonly immured within the Walls of the Bladder which being overmuch distended and broken giveth a freedom to the Urine to expatiate in the more large Territories of the Belly filled up by this troublesome Liquor which causeth a great distention of the Peritonaeum Abdominal Muscles and the common Integuments of the Body rendring it uneasie and deformed Platerus maketh mention of a good Fellow after he had indulged himself in the too too free Cups of generous Liquor was forced his Legs not being able to support him to lay himself upon the Ground for repose whereupon an ill conditioned Man out of a Frolique leaped upon his Belly and broke his Bladder whence a great quantity of Urine gushed out of its lacerated Receptacle into the Cavity of the Belly which was more and more enlarged upon the unnatural recourse of Urine into the empty spaces of the Belly A Dropsie flowing from watry Recrements lodged in divers Vesicles which gave a period to his Life A kind of Dropsie may borrow its rise from watry Recrements enclosed in divers parts of the Body in proper Membranes as so many Vesicles of divers Magnitudes sometimes lodged in the substance of the Caul and between the Rim of the Belly and Intestines and between the Peritonaeum and Muscles of the Abdomen An Ascitis also may be produced which is very frequent by the Laceration of the Lymphaeducts which being Vessels of a most thin and tender Contexture may easily be broken as being obstructed either by too great a quantity or by the grossness of the Lympha stopping its course toward the common Receptacle whereupon the Lymphaeducts being surchar-charged with too great a quantity of Lympha are cracked and the Lympha doth flow through the breaches into the more free and empty spaces of the Belly A young Gentlewoman being troubled many Years with a Dropsie An instance of a Dropsie proceeding from the broken Lymphae-Ducts was at last freed from it by Death the last remedy of all Diseases and her Body being opened no fault could be found with the Viscera but only a discovery was made of the broken Lymphaeducts through which a great quantity of thin Transparent Liquor was vented into the Vacuities of the Belly which proceeded from her severe usage in her Minority by her Governours As to the Cure of an Ascitis three Indications present themselves Three indications do offer themselves in order to the Cure of Diseases the Preservative Curative and Vital The Preservative Curative and Vital The Preservative is founded in Tuenda sanitate which is accomplished by removing he antecedent Cause while the Disease is at a distance in Potentia solummodo wherein the Body is only in a disposition to a Distemper So that in reference to an Ascitis the watry Humours the remote cause of it is to be Purged off by Hydragognes which do empty the Body of serous Excrements while they are in motion in the Vessels before they are Extravasated in the spaces of the Belly The Curative Indication of a Dropsie is more difficult because it relateth to the Continent cause the watry Faeces stagnant in the Belly which being thrown out of the confines of the Vessels are hard to be Purged off but Nature being ambitious to preserve it self findeth out secret ways which are not obvious to Sense to free her self from Diseases by Purgatives which are very beneficial in an Ascitis though the manner of their Operation is very obscure and hard to understand And the most gentle Catharticks are first to be advised as Dwarf Elder Gentle Purgatives are first to be advised in Dropsies Syrup of Peach Flowers Mechoacan Extract of Elder and afterward Syrup of Buckthorn Jailap Juice of Iris and last of all refine of Scammony Gummi Gotte Elaterium which is a rough Powder and to be given only to strong Bodies in very few Grains to exalt a Medicine which must be given with great Caution because strong Hydragogues do weaken the Body Strong Hydragogues are to be given with great caution because they increase the Tumours of the Belly and aggravate the Disease by rendring the Tumors of the Belly greater derived from a larger proportion of serous Recrements impelled into the spaces of the Abdomen by the agitation of churlish Purgers as finding it more easie to throw the watry Excrements through the wonted passages of the Caeliac and Mesenteric Arteries into the Abdominal Vacuities then by unaccustomed ways the Terminations of the Mesenterick Arteries inserted into the inward Tunicle of the Intestines Diureticks may be also advised with good success Diureticks are very proper in Dropsies as the most proper means to discharge the potulent Matter of the Blood by transmitting it into the Kidneys whose obstructed Glands are opened by Diureticks whereby the Blood is refined by disburdening its Faeces into the Ureters and Bladder whence the Tumour of the Belly is lessened And because the Urine of Hydropick Persons is of a red Colour and of a Lixivial nature produced by over strict union of the fixed and crude Sulphureous parts so highly Confaederated that it is hard to sever the watry Particles in the Glands of the Kidneys and thereupon are reconveyed by the Emulgent Veins into the Cava and Heart and thence recommended by the Extreamities of the Mesenterick and Caeliac Arteries to the Abdominal Spaces whereupon it is well consulted for the advantage of the Patient Diureticks do refine the Blood and the most proper are composed of Volatil Salts labouring with an
cui affectioni consequatur Flatuum in loci vacui aggestio velut complementum accidit The Tympanitis is a fixed Swelling of the Belly and being constant equal hard giveth a noise upon a stroak arising from a tensive inflation of the Membranous Viscera and parts by reason the Animal Spirits insinuate themselves in too great a quantity into the Nervous Fibres which are obstructed by the fault of the Animal Liquor hindred in its Motion whence ensueth as a Complement of all an accumulation of Wind in the empty spaces of the Belly This Disease is extraordinary but the more ordinary Cases are those which refer to the high Tumour of the Belly either following the immoderate tension of the Stomach and Intestines A true Tympanitis caused by a meer Flatus lodged in the Cavity of the Belly is rare which is a spurious Tympanitis caused by a great quantity of Wind lodged in the Ventricle and Guts producing Stomacic Iliac and Colic pains Or when the Abdomen is swelled by a meer Flatus settled in the Cavity of the Belly between the Peritonaeum and the Intestines which is rare or that more common The more common Tympanitis is derived from Wind mixed with watry Humours issuing from a large quantity of watry Recrements mingled with a Flatulent Matter enlarging the Peritonaeum Abdominal Muscles and the Skin encircling the Belly As to the first Case of a Bastard Tympanitis An instance of a spurious Tympanitis this Instance may be given of a Maid by name Ursula living a Sedentary Life and eating all manner of Cooling Diet fell into a great Swelling of the Belly which being opened after Death a great quantity of yellow Water flowed out of her Stomach and her Intestines were strangely puffed up with a large proportion of Wind. A second Instance may be propounded of a true Tympanitis An instance of a true Tympanitis a Tumour proceeding from simple Wind seated in the Abdomen of a Maid afflicted with a Fever giving her a fatal stroak And afterward an Incision being made into her swelled Belly nothing of watry Recrements appeared but only a hissing proceeding from a great quantity of wind The third Case of a Tympanitis An instance of a Tympanitis which is commonly derived from Wind accompanied with watry Recrements which is more ordinary is produced by Wind accompanied with watry Humours lodged in the lower Venter of which an Example may be offered of a young Lady the Wife of an Artist about Twenty Years of Age who never had her Menstrua and having been long afflicted with an Intermittent Fever often complained of a pain in her Side being oppressed with frequent Vomitings and Beltchings which ended in a swelled Belly speaking a Prologue to the sad Scenes of her troublesome Life And after Death an Apertion being made into the Belly a great quanty of Wind and Faetide Humours were discerned to be lodged between the â—im of the Belly and the Intestines The Cure of this Disease is performed by satisfying three Indications The Curative Preservative and Vital The first relating to the taking away the Continent Cause immediately productive of the Disease doth denote brisk Purgatives mixed with opening Medicines frequent Carminative Clysters prepared with Venice Turpentine dissolved with the Yolk of an Egg and other Clysters prepared with the infusion of Stone-Horse Dung or Urine mingled with Emollient Discutient and gentle Catharticks I conceive Blee ing not proper in a Tympanitis Bleeding is not so proper in a Tympanitis because the Patient seldom laboureth with a Plethora which truly indicateth a Vein to be opened but with a Cachexy which indicates Purging Alterative and Diuretick Medicines very proper as mixed with Antiscorbuticks as Bay-berries Juniper-berries the Chips of Orenges Limons and Citrons the tops of Pine and Fir Garden Scorby-Grass Watercresses Brooklime distilled in Mumm or Whey and White-wine to which Millepedes may be added as very powerful in this Disease which may be also given bruised and infused in White-wine Topicks are often applied with good success Topicks may be applied after Universals have been premised after Universals have been Administred as Plaisters of Soap and Red Lead and Emollient and Discutient Fomentations prepared with Lixivial Salts Sulphur c. And after the Fomentation hath been celebrated Cow-dung may be applied as a Cataplasm The second Indication being Preservative hath a reference to the Antecedent and more remote causes of a Tympanitis which denoteth bitter Decoctions Purging away the gross Humours of the Stomach and Intestines which vitiate the Concoction of the Aliment And proper Alteratives may be used as Bitter and Discutient Medicines which expel Wind and rectifie the Ferments of the Stomach and correct its Tone by taking Medicines both inwardly and outwardly that strengthen the Fibres of the Ventricle and also Chalybeats may be properly advised in this case which refine the Mass of Blood and Succus Nutricius and make laudable Ferments in order to open the Compage of the Meat and Drink and hinder the production of a Flatus in the Stomach and Intestines As to the Vital Indication in this Disease Testaceous Powders of Crabs Eyes and Claws Coral Egg-shells and Shells of Fish powdered may be taken in a large Cordial draught of Centaury water Carduus Compound Gentian Doctor Stephens his VVater and the like CHAP. XXX Of the Omentum or Caul THe Caul lodged between the Rim of the Belly and the Intestines investeth the latter as with a Garment in which many Considerables offer themselves the Situation Connexion Surfaces Magnitude Figure Substance and Structure of it As to is Situation and Connexion its Membranes being two in number The Situation and Connexion of the Caul are seated in each side one between which the Vessels and Fat have their Allodgments And the Membranes being taken in other Habitudes may receive various Denominations of Superiour Inferiour Anterior Posterior Exterior Interior That which is Superior in Men is called Inferior in Bruits as being lodged under the upper Membrane and the Superior in a Humane Body is so named improperly because it doth not transcend the other in hight But we will sit down with the Ancient and Modern Anatomists not disputing their Terms which Custome hath rendred Authentick and easie for Distinction Use being the great Master and Arbitrator of Language The Omentum is composed of divers Membranes as so many Leaves or Wings enwrapped within each other as they are phrased by Aquapendente Spigellius and others The upper Leaf of the Caul is extended from the right Hypoconder The upper Leaf of the Caul to that part of it in which somewhat of the Liver is lodged from hence bending toward the first Intestine the right Orifice and bottom of the Ventricle and Suture of the Splene to which it is most firmly affixed and again it passeth from the Splene toward the Back where it altereth its Appellative and is named the Inferior or Posterior Leaf
ill Succus Nervosus not impraegnated with volatil and elastick Particles whereupon sluggish Animal Spirits being not endued with an expansive nature do not render the nervous Fibres plump and stiff There are many kinds of a Palsey Many kinds of a Palsey sometimes the Sense is lost and the Motion preserved and other times the Motion is taken away and the Sense remanent The sensitive Faculty is abolished and the Motive not disaffected when the Sight Hearing Tast and Smell In one kind the Sensitive Faculty is abolished and the Motive preserved are highly discomposed or taken away as the Nerves appropriated to the said Senses are obstructed by gross Recrements or compressed by extravasated Blood or Recrements shutting up the spaces of the Visory Auditory Tasting or Smelling nervous Filaments whereupon the progress of the Animal Liquor is stopped and the nervous Fibres consigned to the sensitive powers rendred relaxed and disabled to accomplish the operations of the outward Senses The Motion is taken away by the paucity of the Animal Spirits The Motion is taken away by the paucity or indisposiâ—ion of Animal Spirits or rather by the indisposition of them when they have lost their tensive and elastick quality not expanding the Interstices of the nervous Filaments so that they have not been stiff and plump and thereby made uncapable to execute the motive faculty of the Limbs Some have imagined that the Sense of Touching hath been abolished Some conceive that the Sense of Touching hath been lost and Motion preserved and Motion at the same time preserved entire to which this reply may be given That this Hypothesis wanteth a clear stating whether these different operations of Sense and Motion be meant of the same or of diverse parts if it be understood of the same it is improbable by reason that the Cutis is the organ of Touching but not of Motion which is performed by carnous Fibres of the Muscles which are deficient in the Skin only endued with nervous Fibrils the instrument of Touching and when they have lost their Sensation as it is sometimes found in Scorbutick Habits of Body the Succus Nervosus and the Animal Spirits relating to the Coats are depraved whereupon the cutaneous Nerves grow flabby and relaxed and lose their sense of Touching as in a paralytick distemper and yet at the same time the carnous Fibres of the Muscles retain their Motion as their Nerves are rendred Tense by the Spirits and elastick Particles of Animal Liquor invigorating the nervous Filaments seated in the Muscles which is taken away in the Limbs and most parts of the Body upon the compression of the spinal Marrow by Blood or serous Recrements falling down from the Brain in an Apoplexy whence ariseth a Hemiplegia a loss of Motion in half the Body or this defect of Motion in the Musclar parts may proceed from a wound in or great blow upon the Spine in which cases the current of the Animal Liquor and Spirits is intercepted As to the Prognosticks of this Disease it is very hard to be cured The Prognosticks of a Palsey as the Brain Spinal Marrow and Nerves are affected and as a resolution of one or more parts is made which is removed with great difficulty especially if this Disease be a consequent of an Apoplexy Carus Lethargy and the like As the Palsey is caused by a defluxion of ill Humors from the Brain to the Medulla Spinalis where a Paraplegia is produced and from thence the offensive Matter sometimes hath a recourse to the Brain as some Learned Men will have it but it seemeth more agreeable to Reason that a new Apoplexy is made by a farther stagnation of Blood or other gross Recrements compressing the nervous Compage of the Brain which are brought into the Brain by the carotide Arteries so that the offensive Matter compressing the Medulla Spinalis is not brought upward from thence into the substance of the Brain The Palsey is less dangerous when only the Sense or Motion is taken away and worse where both are disaffected and the danger is greater when the Brain or Medulla Spinalis are obstructed or compressed which often proveth fatal to the Patient A Palsey is hardly cured which proceedcth from an extraordinary Contusion of any Vertebral or some other eminent Trunks of Nerves which doth not only proceed from the Attrition of Nerves but also from the inflammation of the neighbouring parts by extravasated Blood coming from lacerated vessels whence ariseth a Tumor compressing the bruised vertebral Nerves and aggravating the Palsey A Tremor supervening this Disease speaketh somewhat of hope as it denoteth some vigor of the relaxed parts productive of a tremulous Motion whereby the progress of the Animal Liquor and Spirits is in some degree promoted And if the resolved Limbs be acted with heat it giveth some hope of recovery as it is enlivened in part by Vital and Animal Liquor if the indisposed Limb do labour of an Atrophy or hath lost its natural heat and vivid colour it speaketh a great difficulty of Cure because the part affected is destitute of vital heat and nourishment which is occasioned by the defect of the Succus Nervosus a main ingredient of Nutricion as confederated with the Albuminous parts of the Blood and assimilated into the substance of the part In all disaffections of the Nerves A Fever is good in Paralitick Distempers as in paralitick Diseases flowing from cold serous and pituitous Recrements a Fever is very advantageous as discharging the offensive Matter by a free transpiration and frequent Sweats passing through the Pores of the Skin which warms and exsiccates the Nerves and as to the Fibrils heat enlargeth the narrow spaces of the nervous Filaments and maketh way for the reception and progress of the Animal Liquor rendring the Nerves Tense and disposed for motion The Cure of this Disease is very various The methods of a Cure of a Palsey are different as they succeed various Diseases as proceeding from several causes speaking different methods and Medicines appropriated to diverse kinds of this Disease as it is successive to other Diseases or proceeding from some evident or some antecedent or from procatarctick causes In reference to a Palsey supervening an Apoplexy Carus Convulsive motion and the like which being primary Diseases productive of a Palsey do indicate Bleeding Bleeding and Purging Medicines are proper when a Palsey is a consequent of an Apoplexy Carus c. and Purgative Medicines mixed with Cephalicks Clysters made of Emollients and discutients to which may be added purging Electuaries Syrupes c. As also Cupping-glasses Vesicatories Sternutatories Cephalick Julapes Pills Powders which have been already more largely Treated of in the Cure of an Apoplexy Carus c. And if this paralytick Disease be not conquered in a Fortnight or Fifteen days as it groweth radicated and habitual it relates to a preservatory Indication which I intend hereafter to propound A Palsey derived from
the neighbouring parts be wounded and the Blood is not immediately to be stopped upon the application of the Trepan and drying Medicines are to be applied upon fractures of the Scull The second kind of fracture called Contusio 974. And the kinds of it and the third kind of wound of the Scull called depression in which the Trepan may be used 975 The fourth kind of wound of it called Sedes and of its diverse kinds and Cures 976. The fith kind of fracture named Contrafissura and its various kinds 977 The Prognosticks relating to the wounds of the Scull and of a small fissure of the Scull proveth often dangerous and how the wounds of both Tables are often fatal and of the ill symptoms of a wounded Scull 978 The semen hath its Goodness from the Disposition of the Testicles 515 Similar parts 3 The fourth sinus and the uses of the sinus and of the Arterys and Veines of the Dura Menynx and how the Blood is conveyed out of it into the sinus 984 A passage going from the Lateral sinus into the Jugular Vein and how the Vertebral Venous Branches in the Loins are immediately derived from the spine 1078 Of Sleepy Diseases and their Causes and as coming from a kind of Mineral Particles 1125 The Nature of Sleepy Diseases 1129. And of their Cures by Vomitories Cupping Glasses Vesicatories strong Purgatives Julaps Suffumigations Oyntments Gargarismes Sternutatories 1133. As also Bleeding may be advised Electuaries Aposems Powders c. 1134 Of Smelling and its Nerves their temper object and its faculty 371 and the causes of various smells 372 Soft Parts 4 5 Solid Parts 3 Solid Meats give a more substantial Nourishment P. 61 and require a greater heat then liquid to open their more close Pores 311 Sounds and their several kinds and Description and of Vocal sounds 935 The Soul keepeth its Court in the Head and of the more Noble Operations of the Soul and the seat of the fancy and its Operations 1087 The sensitive Soul of Brutes is not capable of reflex acts 1094 The sensitive Soul of subservient to the Rational and of its seat 1165 Speaking 236 to 234 and its Prognosticks Indications 856 857 Spermatick Parts 2 Spermatick Arteries 513 514 One Spermatick Artery was found in an executed Person 515 The Spermatick Veins and their Maeanders Valves and varicose Tumors 516 Spitting of Blood and its causes 854 855 Spittle and its several kinds 239 to 243 Spleen 411 to 416 Spleens of Fish and other Animals 416 to 420 Spleens of Beasts 421 to 422 Spleens of Birds 422 Pathology of the Spleen 423 to 427 Situation Connexion Colour dimensions and Perforations and greatness of the Spleen 412 The Arteries Veins Nerves and Nervous Fibres of the Spleen 413 Nervous Fibres terminating into the Glands of the Spleen 414 Spleen hath Lymphaeducts 414 Membranous Cells and sinus of the Spleen 415 Glands of the Spleen 416 The use of the Spleen to prepare a ferment for the Liver 420 Inflammations Preternatural greatness putrefaction Dropsie Hydatides and Scirrhus of the Spleen 424 425 426 Spungy substance of the Yard 335 The Stamina or threads of Plants 665 666 Steatomes 142 Stomach of Man 264 to 268 The Coates of the Stomach 265 to 267 and its various Fibres Ibid. Stomachs of Beasts 269 to 271 Stomachs of Birds 272 to 275 Stomachs of Fish 276 to 279 Diverse causes of an ill tone of the Stomach 322 The Serous Ferment of the Stomach 305 to 308 The Nervous Ferment of the Stomach 301 Stomacick pains proceeding from sour Pancreatick Liquor whereupon ariseth a Doglike Appetite 407 Stones of the Kidney 488 to 492 Stone of the Kidney and its Cure 493 Of Stupidity and Mopishness and how it is a consequent of habitual madness and its description by symptoms and of its Causes 1165 Stupidity may also proceed from too great a quantity ill conformation Texture and narrow Interstices of the Nervous filaments 1166 The evident causes of Stupidity and how the vital and Nervous Liquor grow effaete in this Disease and of the ill consequents of Opiats and deep thoughts 1167 The distinction of this Disease and of the Causes and Prognosticks 1168 The Method of Curing it by Bleeding Fontanels Purging Medicines prepared with Cephalicks Cephalick Apozemes Spirits Magistral Destilled Waters Electuaries c. 1169 Ale Medicated with Cephalicks and of Topicks 1170 The Succus Nervosus is first generated in the Brain c. 1072 Swimming of Fish which having more heavy Bodies do move in more solid Bodies then Air 125 The Swimming of Fish is chiefly performed by the motion of their Tails caused by Tensors and Flexors seated in their hinder Râ—gion 125 Swimming of Fish 124 to 126 T. TAsting is not seated in the Palate 223 Tasting floweth from saline and sulphureous Particles making appulses upon the Nerves seated in the Tongue 231 The Subject of Tasting is the Membrane of the Tongue beset with Nervous Fibrils 231 Tasting is not seated in the Papillae of the Tongue 232 Various kinds of Tasts and their causes 233 234 235 Tasting is disordered and vitiated by many ways 249 Fibres of the Tongue consigned to Tasting 225 Teeth 207 to 211 Pathology of the Teeth 211 to 219 Teeth and its several kinds and how they are fastned to the Gooms 207 of Teeth their rudiment and substance 209 Diseases and pains of the Teeth and their Causes 215 discolouring of the Teeth 212 Nodes of the Teeth 213 A fungous Bone of the Teeth Cured by a Cantery 213 Teeth defective or excessive in Number 214 Convulsive Motions and Vomitories in breeding of Teeth 216 Blistering Plaisters proper in ill breeding of the Teeth 217 Tendon how it is Compounded of Nervous and Ligamentous Fibrils 100 Testicles of Man 515 to 526 Diseases of the Testicles 552 to 556 The Tunicles of the Testicles Bursa Dartos Erythroeides Vaginalis Albuginea 518 519 The Testicles have a pulpy and Glandulous substance 520 Testicles are systems of many Vessels c. 521 Testicles have Lymphaeducts demonstrated by an experiment 522 The Testicles and their Parenchyma and of other Viscera 524 525 The Diseases of the Testicles and Scrotum Inflammations Tumors Epiplocele Entrocele Sarcocele and their Cures 552 553 554 Testicles or Ovaries of Women 588 to 592 Diseases of the Testicles or Ovaries of Women 614 Cartilaginous Tumors and many other Swellings Inflammations Vlcers and Abscesses and Hydatides of the Testacles 614 615 Dropsies Atheromes Steatomes Obstructions of the Testicles from a viscide Matter 616 The manner how the Impraegnated Egg of the Testicles is carried out of the Ovary into the Oviducts 619 Testicles or Ovaries of Beasts 684 Testiforme processes 1018 Thirst 282 to 286. The requisites of Thirst 282 Thirst lost 286 Thymus and its situation rise Membranes Structure Figures and Fibrils 697. Its Vessels Parenchyma and uses 698 Thoracick Chyliserous Ducts are sometimes double and of their Vnion by cross Branches their Valves insertion and uses 681 The Tongue of Man and its
the Cutaneous Glands assumeth a psorous disposition and after breaketh out into wheals into the Cutaneous Glands where it being stagnant is not able on the one side to be discharged outwardly through the Excretory Ducts of the Skin nor inwardly to be received on the other into the extreamities of the Veins so that by its long deteinment in the Papillary Glands the extravasated Liquor doth not only assume a psorous Indisposition but also a vitriolic corrosive quality whence arise divers asperities of the Skin This Ferment acquireth a Septick Indisposition by a long stagnancy in the Cutaneous Glands producing a Leprous Scurf caused by various eruptions of this depraved Matter breaking out into Wheals or Pimples rendring the amiable surface of the Body unpleasant to the Eye proceeding from a matter putrescent in the ambient parts of the Body where in a long Stagnation it acquireth a kind of septic quality corroding the Skin and neighbouring fleshy parts affecting them with the horrid diseases of Leprous Scurfs and Cancerous Ulcers which move a great compassion in the condoling Spectator And not only this irksome disease of the Itch springeth from an intrinsick Cause the depraved quality of the Glandulous Liquor derived from the Stagnation of it and from the impurities of the Blood imparted to it in motion but also from an outward procatartick cause by Contagion wherein the secret miasmes are most readily conveighed from some Diseased Person through the Pores of the Skin of one Person to the Pores of another thereby infecting the Glandulous Liquor lodged near the surface of the Body This psorous Disease is imparted by contagion from subtle parts streaming out of the Body and making the like impressions in another as being received into the Pores of the Skin And this virulent Infection derived from ichorous Pimples is most easily communicated from body to body by the quick operation of the Contagious Ferment consisting in subtle Particles always streaming out of the Body and by the indisposition of the Glandulous Liquor receptive of these infectious steams proceeding from a neighbouring diseased Body making the like impressions in another in which the Liquor of the Cutaneous Glands being made up of Nervous and Serous Liquor flowing from the Nerves and Arteries is compounded of different subtle Particles very obnoxious to Fermentation So that the active Effluvia of this Contagious Distemper do freely insinuate themselves through the minute meatus of the Exterior Skin into the Cutaneous Glands and from thence received into the lesser and greater Venous Tubes and into the right Cistern of the Heart and then through the Pulmonary Arteries and Veins into the left Ventricle of the Heart and afterward impelled through greater and lesser arterial Channels into all the parts of the Body and therein imparting from the Center to the Circumference this nasty contagious Ferment with the Blood into the Cutaneous Glands where the infected Serous and Nutritious Liquor is secerned from the more pure parts of the Blood and emitted through the Excretory Vessels to the surface of the inward Skin and one Particle crowding another forward do raise up the outward Skin into Pustles full of purulent Matter which being Concreted is turned into numerous Scabs Lastly The Leprosie is a Cutaneous Disease proceeding from a Mass of Blood highly corrupted with virulent Miasmes and Acide Saline and Sulphureous Particles which though moving in association with the Vital Liquor yet cannot be so far subdued as broke into small Particles and volatilized by frequent Circulations that these Acide Saline and Sulphureous Atomes might be assimilated into Blood whereupon the Heart being highly aggrieved with these Recrements impelleth them with the Purple Liquor into the substance of the Cutaneous Glands wherein the Serous are secerned from the Alimentary Particles of the Blood which is returned by the Veins and the watry impraegnated with degenerated Saline and Sulphureous parts are conveyed by the Excretory Ducts to the surface of the â—kin where the most Liquid parts of these Recrements being evaporated the acide saline do Coagulate like Tarter incrusting the Skin which being rubb'd or scratch'd the concreted saline parts fall off like scales of Fish and the serous parts ouse out of the Skin which being dried up thereupon follow new saline accretions casing the Skin with another Crust CHAP. VII Of the Cure of Cutaneous Diseases HAving Treated of the Pathology of the Skin it may seem Methodical to say somewhat of the Cures belonging to Cutaneous Diseases among which the Measles and Small Pox lead the Van which are different Disaffections in reference to their several Aspects as various Tumours and as proceeding from divers Causes the one beginning in redness and driness disappearing in a Roughness the other commencing in Red Pimples grow after wards greater and come by degrees to Maturation appearing in numerous white Heads of small Tumours which at last determine in dry Scabs These Diseases of Measles and Small Pox though different upon many accounts yet they are both attended with Cures much alike in many cases both in a slender and temper Diet and the administration of gentle Cordials If Nature be slow in throwing out the matter of the Diseases from the Center to the Circumference by Arterial Trunks Branches and Capillaries into the small Cutaneous Glands and from thence by Excretory Vessels Dyarrhaeas and Disenteries are to be suppressed in the Measles and Small Pox and by gentle Astringent Cordial Medicines throwing out the Matter from the inward to the outward parts into the surface of the Body And in both Diseases a violent Looseness and Bloody-Flux gentle Cordials are to be advised to suppress these irregular motions which pervert the proper Course of Nature in diverting the matter of the Diseases from the surface of the Body to the inward Recesses wherefore upon this account quiet Diaphoreticks are to be mixed with Astringents at once to check the irregular and promote the regular motion of the disaffected Humours the Causes of these Diseases In the greatest Cases that can happen in these Diseases wherein they are accompanied with internal Inflammations of the Lungs in a Perikneumonia of the Plura in a Plurisie of the Membranes of the Brain in a Phrenitis of the Diaphragme in a Paruphrenitis or of the Muscles of the Larynx in a Quinsie or in any other internal Inflammation a Vein is to be opened that the most urgent and eminent Disease may be first opposed A Vein is to be opened in the Measles and Small Pox when they are accompanied with dangerous Inflammations of the inward and noble parts which will prove fatal without dispute if the Patient be not speedily relieved by Blood letting which will much advance the eruption of the Matter offending in the Measles and Small Pox wherein the sick Person being of a Plethorick Constitution is oppressed with an exuberant Mass of Blood highly obstructing the free motion of it and the Succus Nutricius in association with it
some of them as Fellow Members of Christ and Temples of the Holy Ghost which are endearing Arguments to espouse their Wants as our own with this good Memento That by casting our Bread upon the Waters after many days 〈◊〉 shall find it And by providing for the Poor we shall lay up Treasures in Heaven The Itch and Scabs also arise from Critical Evacuations Itch and Scabs derived from critical Evacuations flowing from Acute and Cronick Diseases discharging corrupt Humours and serous Recrements into the Ambient parts of the Body whereby it is freed from more significant inward Diseases oftentimes threatning Death This unclean Disease is often derived from Contagion Itch and Scabs coming from Contagion by reason the Surface of Scabby Bodies is besmeared with a nasty and clammy moisture which being imparted to others by Contact or by Clothes or Converse which make the like Itchy and Scabby impressions into the Blood of others as being received first by the Pores of the Skin into the extreamities of the Veins and afterward into greater and greater Trunks till they land into the right Cistern of the Heart and from thence are transmitted through the â—ungs by various Vessels into the left Chamber of the Heart and from thence are impelled into the Trunk of the Aorta and into smaller and smaller Arterial Branches till they arrive the Exterior parts of the Body which being of acute sense are tortured with sharp and serous faeces of the Blood Now I make bold to offer a great Instance of this Contagious Disease of which I had Forty Patients at once in a School at Padington where the Scholars so infected one another that there could scarce be found one that was not tainted with this fruitful and filthy Disease In order to the Cure of this Disease a wholesome Diet is to be observed and all salt highly Unctuous and Fat Meats forborn as easily degenerating into corrupt and salt Faeculencies of the Blood and some propound good Roasted Meat as the most fit to dry up the serous Excrements of the Blood In reference to Pharmacy Medicines are to be advised that purge by Stool and Urine and then Bleeding is requisite Specifick Purging Medicines attended with Bleeding do evacuate serous Humours and discharge the scabby Ferments lodged in the Blood by Arteries inserted into the Intestines whence the course of nasty Recrements being diverted from the Circumference toward the Center from the Ambient toward the Interior parts is exonerated by the Guts into a more large and free Receptacle In this Distemper Salt and Watry Humours being concerned I deem it very proper to advise Medicines that purge by Urine to hasten the serous Recrements of the Blood down the descendent Trunk of the Aorta and Emulgent Artery into the Glands of the Kidney wherein the grose Saline mixed with watry Particles being secerned from the Blood are carried through the Carunculae Papillares into the Pelvis and from thence by the Ureters into the Bladder I conceive it reasonable to advise Sudorificks Sudorifick Medicines are to be Administred after Purgatives and Diureticks after Purgatives and Diureticks have been largely Administred to free the Mass of Blood from its Saline Excrements by the Cutaneous Glands and their Excretory Ducts into the confines of the Body where it is at last to be Eradicated by drying and cleansing Topicks which do satisfie the indications of these noisome and vexatious Ulcers as fed by serous and viscid Recrements which cleansing and drying outward Medicines turn into Scabs and scale them off whereby the Circumference of the Body is cleared from this foul Disease disgracing the elegant surface of the Skin CHAP. X. Of the Cure of a Cutaneous Disease the Leprosie of the Greeks THe Leprosie of the Grecians is a degree of a true Leprosie not come to a height and is produced by great confaederacy of fixed Saline and fierce Sulphureous Particles highly exalted whereupon the Mass of Blood being very much depraved and uneasie to the Noble parts is transmitted from the greater Arterial branches A Leprosie caused by saline Particles concreted into a scabby Scurf and smaller Capillaries into the substance of the Cutaneous Glands the Interstices of the Vessels where the acide saline Particles are secerned from the Mass of Blood and thrown off by the Excretory Ducts into the confines of the Body to which it concreteth and adhereth as to an outward Wall like concreted Tartar of Wine to the sides of the Hogshead This Disease is generated oftentimes by ill Diet of Flesh A Leprosie proceeding from an ill Diet of salt Meat dried in the Smoak and from eating of great slimy Fish highly salted and dried in the Sun or Smoak or from the free Cups of small and acide Wines which are impraegnated with much Tartar or from the eating of Hogs-flesh ill fed and nastily kept lying in their own Excrements without frequent change of clean Straw which rendreth the Flesh foul and unwholesome This scurfy disaffection of the Skin also taketh its rise from eating much slimy and great Fish which is familiar to them that live upon the Sea-Coast as treating themselves with well grown Fish which being of a viscide nature do spoil the Blood by making it full of gross Recrements and saline Particles as living in Salt Water which necessarily impraegnate their Blood with the same dispositions so that Fish being eaten in too great Proportions do produce gross Chyle in the Stomach and afterwards a foul Mass of Blood which is depurated in the Cutaneous Glands and thence conveyed to the outward parts where the Skin is crusted over with concreted saline Particles streined from the Vital Liquor which being highly rubbed or scratched do fall off like Scabs But this ugly Distemper doth not only proceed from ill Diet The Leprosie proceedeth from Venereal and Scorbutick Distempers but from bad internal Elements of the Blood consisting of depraved Heterogeneous parts often found in Venereal and Scorbutical Diseases which are founded in Malignant Humours of a venenate nature infecting the Blood whereupon this Prognostick may be made though it doth not threaten any eminent danger as speedily cutting off the Thread of Life yet it is hard to be Conquered as being very stubborn when deeply tooted not giving way to the Administration of powerful Medicines so that the Acide Saline and Sulphureous Particles of the Blood being rendred more and more exalted and the Patient being tired out with long Courses of Physick do degenerate into a perfect Leprosie which often proves an incurable Disease As to the Cure of it in reference to the preservative Indication which is satisfied in the removal of the Causes The first is Procatarctick flowing from a gross stagnant Air productive of the Scorby which must be carefully exchanged for a free serene Air The other Cause is an ill Diet in which we must abstain from salt Meats either dried in the Sun or Smoak and gross ill-brewed Ale
and Wine not fine and upon the fret and small crab Wines full of Tartar and we must all be very careful that our Meat and Drink be not prepared with Mineral Waters which do infect the Mass of Blood with bad Elements apt to Concrete In relation to more intimate Causes the impure Recrements of the Blood This Disease is Cured by Purgatives Bleeding Antiscorbuticks Diureticks Chalybeat and Antimonial Medicines and Decoctions of China and Sarsa and Nervous Liquor debased with Tartar and gross Sulphureous parts Cathartick Medicines are to be Administred which purge off the serous parts of the Blood which is also to be lessened by opening a Vein Whey prepared with the tops of Pine and Firr is a proper Medicine in this Case as also other Antiscorbutical and Diuretick Apozemes mixed with Sarsaparilla and China which may be taken with Chalybeate preparations made either in form of an Electuary or Syrupe and also Purging and Diuretick Minerals are of great use in this Leprous Distemper to take off the acide saline Particles of the Blood and restore it to its former Purity If this Leprosie ariveth to so great height as to infect a main part of the Blood and Nervous Liquor with corrupt Heterogeneous Particles and gross Tartar degenerating into a venenate nature imparted to the Purple Liquor impelled by the Arterial Branches and Capillaries into the Cutaneous Glands and by their Excretories into the surface of the Body incrusted with a whitish Scurff and Scales Purging and Mercurial Preparations backed with Diet-Drinks of China and Sarsa are very efficacious in a Leprosie it is not to be Eradicated without Purging Medicines and sometimes with Mercurial and other times with Antimonial Preparations backed with Apozems of China Sarsaparilla Sassafras Viper Wine to sweeten the Blood and discharge the Mineral Administrations which cannot be effected without Purgatives in Decoctions of Sarsa and China and with Sudorifick Medicines And thereby the Blood disaffected with Leprous Ferments consisting in a Malignant nature is defaecated from acide saline parts severed in the Cutaneous Glands and thence conveyed into the Skin whereupon it is disguised with a white dry Crust which doth indicate cleansing and drying Topicks when Universals have been Administred which consummate the Cure of a Leprosie CHAP. XI Of the Membrana Adiposa vulgarly called Carnosa of the Fat Membrane HAving Described the Cuticula and Cutis the outward and inward Skin the first the Scarfe Skin being a thin white Vail covereth the whole Body with a fine Dress by which it is rendred Beautiful courting the Spectator to Love and Admiration The other more useful and warm Habit The fat Membrane is Natures thick Robe to secure the Body against cold the fat Membrane investeth the noble frame of Mans Body as with a thicker Robe safely to immure it against cold blasts and Storms lest they should surprise the Vital flame and condense the more thin and volatil parts of the Blood floating in the Ambient parts rendring it more unfit for Life and Motion The Body being uncased and stripped of the thin This Membrane is fleshy in Beasts but fat in Man and thicker more outward Vests the Membrana Adiposa discovereth it self which is fleshy in Bruits as Bullocks Deer Sheep Goats Dogs and the like in these Animals it is a Carnous Membrane a musculous Expansion overspreading the Fat as with a Coat but in Humane Bodies the order of Nature is inverted and the Membrane is not lined but faced with Fat which is lodged immediately under the Skin The Fat Membrane being of a different nature as composed of various substances receptive of a diverse Treatment under a double notion either considered abstractly as a Membrane or as its surface is inwrapped in Fat This Membrane is not framed of one simple Coat This Membrane oft-times is made of many Tunicles but sometimes as learned Diembroeck will have it of a treble and quadruple Tunicle but this is rare being composed of a double Coat The outward is hollowed with many Minute Cells dressed with various shapes and sizes as so many Minute Repositories of Fat. As to its inward Coat it is more Membranous The inward Coat is composed of many Fibrils variously interwoven with each other being made up of numerous fine Fibrils which shooting themselves divers ways in length breadth and obliquely are curiously interwoven with each other so that the Interstices being filled up with an intercurrent white Juice are rendred more equal and plain especially in its lower Surface as it consisteth of variety of Fibres running in several positions in being capable to endure Extension after divers manners and is thereby rendred more strong and secured from Laceration unless great violence be offered to it The inward Membrane is more plain This Membrane â—s conceived to be one because the several Coats are so firmly and closely united that they can scarce be parted and so closely conjoyned to the outward that it requireth a curious Hand to sever them which hath drawn divers Anatomists into a belief that they are but one Membrane beautified with two Surfaces of which the outward is more unequal as punched with divers small holes the receptacles of concreted Sulphureous Particles This Membrane is more beautiful in Infants and young Children which are more lean as being painted with blushes of Red and White derived from Blood tinging the outward Surface which being unequal is somewhat filled with Vital Liquor the forerunner of Fat in more mature Age. Vesalius and Velverda Some Persons have moved their Skin by vertue of Carnous Fibres seated in the Membrana Adiposa two renowned Anatomists report that some Persons by the interposition of this Membrane have been able at their pleasure to move their Skin both in Back and Breast which in them was a great variety of Nature not recounted by any other Authors as far as I can learn And this unusual motion of Back and Breast was accomplished as I conceive by Carnous Fibres inserted into the Membrana Adiposa by reason this action was celebrated by a thin Muscular Expansion here the immediate machin of voluntary motion This Membrane in Bruits The Membranae Carnosa in Bruits is a thin Carnous Expansion or Muscle is a thin Cutaneous Muscle immediately surrounded with the Skin which celebrating various concussive motions by frisking up and down the Skin giveth a disturbance to the importunate guess of Flies and freeth it from other ill accidents which discompose their ease and quiet This Muscular Expansion of other Animals in whose dissection most Anatomists have been commonly exercised hath given occasion to deceive them thereby giving their opinion that this Membrane was also Carnous in a Humane Body which is found only in its Neck and Face and other parts are discerned to be Membranous Therefore in a Humane Body it may truly obtain the appellative of Membrana Adiposa because in most parts it is of a membranous nature being a fine
and small branches into the spaces of the Vessels residing in the Muscular parts Another instance may be given of an Anasarca proceeding from an Abscess of the Liver In a young Man a long time diseased with a swelled habit of Body falling into a Jaundies and afterward into a great Bleeding of the Nose which spake a close to his Life who being opened a great Abscess was discovered in his Liver A third may be given of a Leucophlegmatia Repelling Medicines outwardly applied are unsafe if Universals be not first prescribed arising out of an Ulcer of the Lungs proceeding from the repelling of ill Humours affecting the Skin of the Head by the undue application of Topicks without the administration of Universals as Purging Bleeding Sweating c. A Child of ten Years old born of noble Parents was afflicted with a Scabby Head which is familiar to Children imprudently Cured by an old Woman applying drying and repelling Medicines whereupon the Saline Particles being received into cutaneous Jugular Veins with the Blood and then was carried by the descendent Trunk of the Cava into the right Ventricle of the Heart and so by the Pulmonary Arteries into the Lungs which were Ulcered by the saline Particles of the Blood repelled originally from the Scabby Head with which the purulent Matter being imported by the Pulmonary Veins into the left Cistern of the Heart and thence dispersed by Arterial Trunks and Branches into the Muscular parts of the Body produced an Anasarca A Branch of a noble Family was often afflicted with a great difficulty of Breathing tending to Suffocation which at last gave an end to his Breath Whereupon the Abdomen being opened a great Liver presented it self and a Spleen divided into many Lobes which is rare the Intestines turgid with Wind and grosser Excrements and his Breast being opened his left side was full of serous Blood and the left Lobes were fixed to the Ribs Purulent matter the continent cause of an Anasarca and both were vitiated with various Colours of Green and Black and the substance of his Lungs was filled with purulent Matter the origen of the Anasarca dispensed into the habit of the Body The more remote Causes of the Anasarca The remote causes of an Anasarca may proceed Ab excretis retentis either from too great an expense of Humours or from natural Evacuations suppressed or from too slender a Diet not duly repairing the constant decays of the Blood or from too great a quantity of Recrements or from Heterogeneous Elements too much depressing the Liquor of Life As to the first The first remote cause is ab Excretis it ariseth Ab excretis from great Haemorrhages of Blood either pumped out of the Lungs by violent Coughing springing a Leak in some Vessel or flowing out of the Membranes of the Brain by Vessels inserted into the Coat covering the inside of the Nostrils or by great Fluxes of Vital Liquor by the Haemorrhoides and in Women by the Arteries of the Uterus Whereupon the Blood being largely expended through extravagant Evacuations is dispoiled of its more noble and volatil Particles and thereby groweth Depauperated and unable to raise a good Fermentation to subdue and assimilate the Chyle into its own Nature whence the Blood is oppressed with a great quantity of gross Recrements and watry Particles productive of a Leucophlegmatia The second remote Cause may be deduced The second remote cause is a Retentis A retentis from the suppression of natural and accustomed Evacuations either of Blood by the Haemorrhoides or of the Menstrua in Women bringing an Ascitis and frequently an Anasarca flowing from an exuberant Mass of Blood which by hindring its Circulation filleth it full of watry Recrements which else would be transmitted to the Kidneys and discharged by the Ureters into the Bladder depraving the Ferment of the Stomach and the other Viscera spoiling the elaboration of the Chyle made thereby uncapable to be turned into laudable Blood An Anasarca may be also produced by stopping up Issues which run freely without due evacuations by Blood-letting and Purging And a Dropsie may also ensue by the undue Application of Topicks in Cutaneous Diseases wherein the offensive Humours being repelled by Cold Astringent Medicines do highly infect the Blood with Recrements perverting its due Fermentation An Excretion also of a small quantity of Urine and a suppression of large Evacuations of watry Humours by Sweats in full Bodies do render the Blood watry and dispose the Body for an Anasarca The chief Indications that occur in order to the Cure of this Disease The first Curatory Indication is by all proper Medicines to evacuate the serous Recrements of the Blood and crude Humours stagnant in the empty Spaces of the Vessels and to prevent the generation of new watry Matter The second Preservatory the cause of the Anasarca whereupon care must be taken that the Glands of the Viscera may be so disposed as to make a secretion of the several Recrements of the Blood and discharge them by their proper Excretory Ducts and that the Ferments of the Stomach may be so well qualified as to open the Compage of the Meat and extract a good Alimentary Liquor and that the Blood being freed from its crude and indigested Particles may be exalted by volatil Salts and Sulphurs and by good Ferments of the Nervous Liquor that the Vital Liquor may be restored to its native Constitution and thereby may be acted with a good Fermentation and assimilation of the Chyle into Blood transmitted into and associated with it A vital Indication is not necessary to be satisfied in this Disease by reason weakness producing Lypothimies Syncopes do seldom happen in an Anasarca whereupon Restoratives are not requisite but rather Evacuating Medicines because an Anasarca is caused by a superabundance of watry Excrements lodged in the habit of the Body upon which account it may seem rational to advise a sparing Diet as very beneficial in this Disease by reason the great quantity of Serous Humours is much lessened by Abstinence and transmitted by the Secretory Glands of the Kidneys through the Urinary Ducts and Papillary Caruncles into the Pelvis and Ureters and so into the Bladder of Urine As to the Curatory Indications they are satisfied by Catharticks The Curatory Indication is satisfied by Purgatives and Diureticks assisted with Diureticks thereby expelling the watry Recrements of the Blood circulating in the Vessels and lodged in the Interstices of them whereupon a strong Hydragogues being administred and received into the Stomach they quickly pass through the Intestines and Thoracick Ducts into the Subclavian Veins where they are mixed with the Blood and do highly put it into a Fermentation and by opening the Compage of it do dispose the watry Particles for a separation and by carrying them down the descendent Trunk of the Aorta to the Mesenterick Arteries out of whose Extreamities they are discharged into the Intestines
substance of it An Oedema is a white soft Indolent Swelling An Oedema is caused by an indigested Chyme seated very often in the Limbs caused by reason of ill Sanguification proceeding from a Phlegmatick Matter an indigested Chyle associated with the Purple Liquor which giveth a trouble to Nature seeing it cannot be assimilated into Blood and so improper for Nutrition which being impelled out of the Terminations of the Arteries into the Interstices of the Muscles where it is lodged by reason of its great thickness as not being able to be admitted into the Orifices of the Veins whereupon the habit of the Body is distended causing a great Tension and Stiffness in the parts affected which being near akin to an Anasarca hath the same Indications and Cure recited in the discourse of the Leucophlegmatia A Student in Philosophy being affected with an Ascitis and Timpanites was restored out of a Quartan Ague unto perfect Health and afterward being unmindful of his former Distemper applied himself to his Studies and led a Sedentary Life and thereupon fell into a great difficulty of Breathing derived from a gross Mass of Blood impelled out of the Pulmonary Artery into the substance of the Lungs receiving frequent draughts of Air to inspire the Mass of Blood with fine Volatil Particles to promote its Circulation by the Pulmonary Veins into the left Chamber of the Heart and within a very short space this gross Mass of Blood was carried down by the Descendent Trunk of the Aorta into the Iliack Branch and so into the Muscles of the Thighs which were much swelled with this pituitous Mass of Blood not lodged only in the empty spaces of the Muscles but also in the Minute Glands of the Skin very much swelled in Oedematous Tumours and Anasarca's which very much resemble one another both in Pathology and in Pharmaceuticks A Scirrhus is a hard Indolent Tumour taking its rise from gross Blood A Scirrhus is caused by a gross indurated serous of pituitous Liquor or from a thick Lintous Humour mixed with the Vital Liquor transmitted into the habit of the Body where the more thin and watry Particles being Evaporated the gross parts of the Blood do communicate a hardness to the distended Fleshy parts which may also arise from gross Humours settled in the habit of the Body consisting of Saline Earthy Particles which are disposed for Concretion In order to the Cure of a Scirrhus two Indications do offer themselves the Indicative and Curative The first hath relation to the Antecedent Cause the gross Mass of Blood resident in Scorbutick habits of Body which are to be Cured by Purgatives Antiscorbuticks Diureticks and Chalybeats so that the more gross parts of the Peccant Matter being carried off by Catharticks the more thin may be discharged by Diureticks and the Fermentation of the Blood may be renewed by Chalybeats As to the Curative Indication of a Scirrhus derived from the continent Cause of gross Humours settled and indurated in the empty spaces of the Muscles it doth denote Emollient and Moistning Medicines which must be applied again and again to soften the Indurated parts and afterward gentle Discutients mixed with Emollients may be used else if hot Discutients be first applied before the parts be softned they acquire a greater Induration and the Scirrhus will be rendred more difficult to be Cured A Cancer is a hard round Tumour of a Blew or Blackish Colour A Cancer is a hard painful Tumour like Crabs Claws full of sharp pain beset with many Veins big with a Black Humour resembling Crabs Claws from whence it borroweth its Denomination and taketh its origen from Blood infected with a Malignant Disposition and Venenate Nature This Humour concreteth it self in the beginning not exceeding the bigness of a Pea and afterward groweth greater in Bulk especially if it be enraged with sharp Medicines whereupon it encreaseth in acute hot pains somewhat like the pricking of Needles derived from sharp Vitriolick Particles and the poysonous quality of the Blood grievously torturing the Nervous and Membranous parts the subject of pain in this Disease The antecedent cause of a Cancer according to the Ancients is a Melancholick Humour But in truth the Blood affected with a Venenate Nature while it circulates in the Vessels but when this Poysonous Humour is Extravasated and lodged in the Interstices of the Vessels as not received into the Veins it is the continent cause of a Cancer which is a Black venenate Blood making a Tumour in the habit of the Body tormenting the Nervous parts with severe pains Cancers are of two kinds the one not Ulcered the other Ulcered A Cancer not not Ulcered The first proceedeth from a more gentle and less malignant Mass of Blood easily confining it self within the empty Spaces of the Fleshy parts without intolerable pains as not offering any great Violation to the union of the Muscular and Cutaneous parts The Ulcered Cancer is derived from a most hot Mass of Blood full of fierce Saline and Malignant Particles which being settled in the empty Spaces of the Vessels A Cancer Ulcered parteth them from each other and raiseth a Tumour arising from these sharp Vitriolick Humours corroding the Fleshy parts and Skin whence gusheth out a thin sharp Gleet sometimes mixed with a depraved Blood very offensive to the adjacent parts As to the Curative parts of a Cancer it is so stubborn by reason of its great Malignity that it cannot be subdued by the most powerful Pharmacy In order to hinder the growth of it Blood-letting may be advised as also Decoctions of China Sarsa Parilla and Antiscorbuticks and other Medicines which do cool purge and sweeten the Blood by Diureticks of a mild nature a cooling and moistning Diet may prove very Beneficial and above all Milk and the most choice is that of Asses which being of a serous substance may be easily Concocted without any Coagulation in the Stomach and hath a cooling and moistning quality Topicks in this Disease prove often prejudicial Sharp and hot Topicks are very prejudicial in Cancers especially hot and sharp Applications that enrage the Fiery and Malignant disposition of a Cancer and outward Medicines of an Emplastick Oily nature are very poysonous By reason they hinder Transpiration and by deteining the hot and poysonous steams of the Blood do much Exasperate the fierce Saline Atomes of this Disease rendring it Ulcerous whose sharp Matter doth Corrode the Neighbouring parts with intolerable pains An Ancient Woman a Victualer by Profession being affected with a Scorbutick habit of Body was afflicted with a Cancerous Tumour in her Breast to which an unskilful Chyrurgeon applied sharp and Emplastick Medicines to bring the Tumour to Suppuration which could not be affected but at last ended in a most Malignant Ulcer whose thin Caustick Matter did eat away her Breast and penetrating the Intercostal Muscles into the Thorax did destroy the Noble parts whereupon this devouring Disease gave
and Teeth into the Cavity of the Mouth And this corrupt Matter destilling through the Roots of the Teeth sometimes falleth down to the bottom of the Chin making Apostemes full of purulent Matter An Ulcer of the Chin from putrid matter destilling out of the Roots of the Teeth disburdened by an Ulcer and is hardly Cured except the Tooth be drawn out which else will constantly supply it with a source of new Matter And there is another way proper to the upper Mandible by which salt and sharp Humours are transmitted which is a large Cavity seated under the lower region of the Eye in a Bone of the upper Jaw which hath a Protuberance wisely framed by Nature for the preservation of the Eye This Cavern is very large and somewhat of a Sphaerical Figure in the lower region of this hollowed Bone may be discerned many Minute Prominencies in which the Roots of the Teeth are reposed and the Cells in which the Teeth are fastned are engraven in the lower margent of this Bone This Cavity is often found empty and sometimes full of a Mucous Matter into which Humours destil out of the Os Ethmoides A Gentlewoman of Quality was severely treated for many Years with a Destillation of Salt Humours rendring divers Teeth carious or rotten whereupon she ordered them to be pulled out to free her self from a farther discomposure which did not answer her expectation because she was still afflicted with Pain which she endeavoured to discharge by pulling out her Eye-Tooth and thereupon was broken a thin Bony Intersepiment parting the greater Cavern of the upper Mandible from the lesser Cavity the Repository of the Tooth through which Nature discharged a quantity of Salt Humours flowing from the greater Cavity of the Jaw reaching to the lower region of the Eye CHAP. III. The Pathologie and Cures of Teeth TEeth as rendred Carious cannot be restored to soundness The rottenness of the Teeth is prevented by cleansing and drying Medicines by Dentifrices and Gargarisms And the only Remedy left in this case is to preserve the part not affected with Rottenness by preventing a farther Corruption of them which is effected by Purging Cleansing and Drying Medicines which do take away the overmuch Moisture and foulness of Humours besmearing and corroding the Teeth which are made clean by Dentifrices and Gargarismes prepared with Antiscorbutick Detergent Exsiccating and Healing Gargarismes and the hollow Teeth are to be stopped with Drying and Astringent Powders of Mastick Franckincense Mirrh Pellitory of Spain and the like And if the greatest part of a Tooth be grown Carious or Fistulaed Carious teeth are to be pulled out and highly afflicted with Pain productive of any Swelling Abscess or Ulcer in the Gooms or foulness in the Mandible it will be requisite in order to the Cure to pull out the Tooth else the Ulcer cannot be Cured and the Mandible preserved And Teeth are not only lessened in quantity as being rendred Carious by sharp and salt Recrements of the Blood but also acquire greater Dimensions as crusted with Tophaceous Matter and disfigured with Nodes whose Cause is ascribed by some Anatomists to Vapours arising out of the Stomach and others derive it from Humours destilling out of the Brain and from the reliques of Aliment Nodes cannot proceed from Vapours and Humours flowing from the Head sticking to the surface of the Teeth after Mastication But these Conjectures seem improbable by reason Vapours or Humours flowing from the Head which in truth proceed from the Salival Glands and the reliques of Aliment cannot be so highly indurated as to be turned into a Bony substance Vanhelmont is of opinion That the Nodes of Teeth are propagated from the Gooms which administer Aliment to the Teeth Quia gingivae ait ille nutriunt dentes tophos istos ab Excrementis earundem provenire Nodes are not propagated from the Arteries relating to the Gooms But I humbly conceive If the Nodes should borrow their Birth from a Recrement destilling out of the Extreamities of the Arteries relating to the Gooms the Roots only encircled with the Gooms would be affected with Nodes and not the whole surface of the Teeth which hath been observed by Learned Maebius Zacutus Lucitanus Lib. 1. Praxeos giveth an Instance worthy our remark in which he proveth Nodes to be produced by a Mucous Matter indurated by the heat of the Teeth And this Learned Author giveth a farther account of a Woman Fifty year old obnoxious to great Catarrhs and long tormented with severe Pains of the upper Teeth where he discovered a Stone not inferior to a small Egg which did stop up the left Nostril and much intercept the course of the Breath Riolan the younger A Fungous Bone adhearing to the Tooth cured by a Cautery mentioneth a Fungous Bone arising out of the Cavity of a Tooth that grew to so prodigious a bigness that it would have filled the whole Cavity of the Mouth and totally hindred Respiration had it not been prevented by the Dexterous Hand of a Skilful Chyrurgeon Cutting and Burning the spungy Bone Other Disaffections are incident to the Teeth Teeth deficient in number wherein they are sometimes superabundant and other times defective in number Of which Skenkius giveth an Instance in his Observ 381. of a Cardinal who had only Twenty six Teeth whereas according to the ordinary course of Nature each Jaw should be beset with Sixteen Teeth placed in elegant order and fitly conjoined to each other for the greater advantage of Mastication Teeth are sometimes excessive in number Teeth excessive in number out-doing the rule of Nature As Learned Maebius instanceth in a young Man in whom he saw the fore Teeth doubled and the Daughter of King Mithridates was furnished with a double row of Teeth And Columbus speaketh of his Son Phaebus that had a treble Rank of Teeth Sometimes Persons have been found wholly destitute of Teeth and instead of them have had one entire Bone encompassing the Mandible as hath been observed in Erypheus and Eryptolemus of Cyprus and in Prusius Son of the King of Prussia who had no distinct Teeth but one confused Bone supplying the defect of numerous Teeth Other Animals far exceed Man Animals have various ranks of Teeth in number and rows of Teeth Serpents have a double row and an Indian Beast a treble row And the Mouths of Fish do far transcend those of Bruits in various sets of Teeth Lampreys have Four Dolphins Nine ranks and Pikes have their Mandibles Palate †Ta. 5. Fig. 3. and Tongues †Ta. 5. Fig. 4. accommodated with numerous Teeth and Crabs have their Stomachs dressed with them And Teeth are not only extravagant in Number Teeth are sometimes irregular in Situation Figur and Magnitude but irregular too in Situation Shape and Size not observing the Symmetry Proportion and Magnitude instituted by Nature when the fore Teeth of the upper do not suit those of
Gooms A Gnashing or Grating of the Teeth may be derived from the unnatural Motions of the Musculi Pterigoeidei Externi and Interni hurrying the lower Mandible and with it the Teeth whence also may be deduced many other great Convulsions The membranes of the Brain are drawn into consent with the membranes of the Teeth wherein the neighbouring Membranes of the Brain being first drawn into consent do immediately affect the Fibrous Contexture of the Brain and Spinal Marrow and afterward the Nerves of the whole Body propagated from them whence ariseth an universal stiffness imparted to the Trunk and Limbs so that they will hardly admit any Incurvation during the time of Convulsions which being ceased the Muscles grow relaxed and the Body readily complieth with the Hand as being easily bent forward Vomitings do accompany the breeding of Teeth in Children Vomitings in Dentition are derived from the Fibres of the Stomach which are drawn into consent with those of the Brain acted with Convulsive Motions proceeding from the irritated Fibres of the Stomach flowing from the discomposed Membranes and Fibrous Contexture of the Brain influencing the Fibres of the Par Vagum inserted into the Neck and Body of the Stomach Vomitings also may be the associates of Dentition wherein some Particles of depraved Liquors in an ill habit of Body being enraged by violent pains of the Gooms are discharged by the terminations of the Caeliack Capillary Arteries into the Cavity of the Stomach whence its Fibrous parts being highly importuned by Saline and Acid Particles do produce unnatural contractions of the Fleshy Fibres related to the Stomach to turn out of Doors those unquiet Guests that hinder the repose of the Ventricle Great pains in Dentition do make an Effervescence in the Blood and produce Diarrhaea's And not only Vomiting but Diarrhaea's or Lasks also do accompany Dentition by reason the ill Humours chiefly in a fat and foul Constitution of Infants are put into Fermentation by the fierce pains of the Gooms making an Effervescence in the Mass of Blood whereupon Nature being provoked by the severe contests of the Heterogeneous Particles doth impell them in order to her own ease out of the Descendent Trunk of the Aorta into the Mesenterick Arteries inserted into the Intestines out of whose Cavities they are discharged for the better composure of the Body So that in short the full Bodies of Childrens breeding Teeth labouring with great quantity of depraved Humours acted with ill Ferments are highly aggrieved by the Inflammation of the Blood lodged in the Gooms in time of Dentition imparted by the Jugular Veins to the Heart and from thence into the Membranes causing Convulsive Motions and Fevers and some serous Particles of the ill Blood being transmitted by the Arteries into the Cavities of the Bowels do generate Lasks and Griping of the Guts which are Continent Causes of many Diseases incident to Children in breeding of Teeth which great Hypocrates hath well enumerated in his Aphorisms In order to their Cure Diseases taking their rise of Dentition Blood-letting is proper in the Inflammation of the Gooms flowing from Dentition in Plethorick Bodies this Method of Physick may be advised In great Inflammations of the Gooms some Blood may be taken away in Plethorick Constitutions by the application of Leeches behind the Ears or in a great case by a Lancet and some Hours before the Bleeding a gentle Clyster may be injected if the Child have not the benefit of Nature by Stool and inwardly Medicines are to be prescribed that suppress the unquiet Vapours and Flatulency of the Blood and Comfort and Corroborate the Fibrous parts of the Brain When Universals have been Celebrated Blistering Plaisters may be applied in pains caused by Dentition and the Gooms may be opened by a Lancet in order to the easier Eruption of the Teeth Topicks are proper in this Disease as Blistering Plaisters applied to the Neck behind and between the Shoulders and below the Ears and to the inside of the Arms And if Teeth be near their Eruption the Gooms may be safely opened by a Lancet or rubbed often by the Tooth of a Woolf or by Coral which is more used which giveth great ease to pained and inflamed Gooms This and the like Course of Physick proper for Fevers Convulsions and other Diseases in point of Dentition hath proved very successful in many of my young Patients A Child of a worthy Knight a Person of Loyalty and Honour related to the Excise Office having his Gooms very hot and inflamed and afterward was highly afflicted with a Fever and Convulsive Motions upon breeding of Teeth Whereupon I advised gentle Clysters Bleeding by Leeches applied under the Ears Cephalick Julaps and Vesicatories between the Shoulders and under the Ears which in a short space spake a period to the Symptomatick Fever and Convulsive Motions proceeding from the Teeth cutting the Gooms Purgatives may be ordred in foul Bodiâ—s upon pains of the Teeth and afterward Narcoticks may be taken If the pain of the Teeth be urgent in Persons of more mature Age it denoteth Anodines which prove not beneficial except the Cause the flux of ill Humors into the Membranes of the Teeth be first removed which is effected by Purging Blood-letting in the Veins of the Arms Neck and under the Tongue And when Universals have been premised Blistering Plaisters may be applied to the Neck and between the Shoulders and Arms and Astringent Plaisters to the Fore-Head and Temples and also proper Gargarisms are very useful in this Case And if the pain of the Teeth be not Alleviated upon these and such like Applications we must address our selves to Narcoticks as the last refuge CHAP. V. Of the Palate of Man and other Animals THe Mouth may be stiled a Portal or Antechamber of the goodly Fabrick of Humane Body immured outwardly with the Confines of the Cheeks and before with the upper and lower Lip as with Folding-Doors which open for the reception of Aliment and the utterance of Words and shut for the enclosure and Ornament of the Mouth and is encircled within with divers Circumferences of Gooms and Teeth as so many Carved Banisters fitted to the Cavities of the upper and lower Jaw as instruments of Mastication The Mouth is arched above with the Palate and floored with the Tongue The fine Room of the Mouth is seated above with an Arched Roof and floored below with the Tongue dressed with curious Prominencies of different shapes and sizes playing up and down and laterally in variety of Postures The situation and connexion of the Palate for the advantage of Eating and Speaking The Seeling of the elegant Apartiment of the Mouth commonly called the Palate taketh its rise near the fore Teeth of the upper Mandible and determineth about the Fauces and its inward Surface is conjoyned to the Os Sphaenoides and is made up of a Glandulous substance consisting of many Minute Glands which are invested with a thick
ipsum pectus Tumefactum inveni dolor erat maximus respiratio difficilis Pulsus celer debilis neque guttulam jusculi deglutire potuit quare ipsum in periculo esse astantibus significavi Interim tamen ut dolor reliquaque Symptomata mitigarentur omnes Nervos intendi collum pectus Oleo Liliorum Amigdalarum dulcium inunxi Cataplasma sacculos Emollientes Anodynos applicui Decoctum etiam è radicibus foliis Altheae Malvae Florum Chamaemeli Liliorum Meliloti cum pauco Melle è Cocleare lambendum dedi sed omnia frustra sequenti enim die placide obiit Post obitum Inciso collo Cesophagum cum vicinis partibus sed eo praesertim loco ubi ossiculum infixum fuerat plane sphacelatum cum maximo faetore invenimus ossiculum vero nusquam immo nec in ipso Ventriculo pulmones ob praecedentem Inflammationem lividi erant Ventriculus plane vacuus ossiculum vero illud prima nocte antequam ad me veniret in maximis istis conatibus quos immisso digito in Gulam sibi excitaverat per superiora rejectum aut ad Ventriculum Intestina delapsum fuisse Deglutition is sometimes violated when a straightness of the passage relating to the Gulet proceedeth inwardly from some fleshy substance growing in the inside of the Oesophagus thereby lessening its Cavity so that it cannot give a reception to the Aliment Other times Swallowing is prejudiced more or less Deglutition is much disordered by an Inflammation of neighbouring parts when the Gulet is straightned by a Tumour of the neighbouring parts as in the Inflammation of the Muscles of the Larynx and Neck which by the Compression of the Gulet doth lessen its Cavity A Gentlewoman of Quality endued with a Fat Plethorick Body caused by often indulging her self in the foul feed of gross Flesh Cabbage Colly-flowers and the like whereupon she fell of a sudden into a violent Sqinancy flowing from a large quantity of Extravasated Blood lodged in the Muscles relating to the head of the Wind-pipe which being highly Tumefied made a Compression upon the top of the Gulet and gave a stop to the reception of Meat and Drink into the Oesophagus so that the â—ips being shut after the taking of Liquid Aliment it recoiled when it arrived the Pharynx through the passage of the Mouth into the Nostrils Whereupon she took her ultimate Vale of her Friends and recommended her Spirit by a holy Resignation into the Hands of her Gracious Redeemer This Disease of the Gulet being a consequent of the Inflammation of the Muscles of the Larynx is Cured by Blood-letting and other proper Medicines which I will mention hereafter in the Cure of a Squinancy when I do Treat of the Diseases of the Aspera Arteria Another cause productive of an abolished or lessened Swallowing Lessened or or abolished Deglutition may proceed from a Cartilaginous Gulet may arise which is very rare from the unnatural substance of the Gulet highly indurated by Concreted Earthy and Saline Particles turning the Membranous and Fleshy substance of the Oesophagus into a Cartilaginous nature which being hard and stiff cannot be Contracted in order to protrude the Aliment into the Stomach A Gentlewoman of Vertue and Honour had her Deglutition first lessened and afterward wholly taken away as not able to receive any sustenance through the Gulet into the Stomach whereupon she grew more and more Languid and at last Expired And afterward upon opening the Neck by Dissection the Musculus Oesophagaeus encircling the Membranous parts of the Gulet was found Cartilaginous which took away the use of the Fibres by wholly disabling them to Contract for the transmission of Aliment into the Ventricle A difficulty or loss of Swallowing Lost or lessened Dâ—glutition may be derived from the swelling of the Wind-pipe may also be derived from the Swelling or Induration of the Membranous parts of the Wind-pipe confining on the Gulet whereby its Cavity is lessened or wholly closed up and the Aspera Arteria being rendred hard is not capable to give way to the Aliment enlarging the Gulet and compressing the Aspera Arteria in its passage through it whereupon it cannot be conveyed through the entry of the Oesophagus into the Chamber of the Stomach The third kind of ill Swallowing is its depraved action Depraved Doglutitioâ— is accomparied with Convulsive motions accompanied with Irregular and Convulsive Motions flowing from the unkindly contractions of the Carnous Fibres relating to the Oesophagaean Muscle which I have lately seen in a worthy Gentlewoman Wife to an Officer of the Navy who was highly afflicted with unnatural motion of the Gulet in the act of Swallowing produced as I humbly conceive by Acid and Saline Particles disaffecting the Tendinous and Carnous Fibres of the Muscles encircling the inward parts of the Oesophagus which were hurried with violent Agitations when they were Contracted in reference to Deglutition A depraved action of Swallowing Depraved Deglutition may proceed from the Muscles of the Gulet rendre convulsed may be derived not only from Convulsive Motions which are tremulous agitations of the Carnous and Nervous Fibres of the Muscles of the Gulet but also from Convulsions in which the Musculi Cephalopharingaei Sphenopharingaei Stylopharingaei are rendred unnaturally tense and rigid in disorderly Postures so that they cannot accomplish their due Operations in regular Contractions for opening the entrance of the Gulet to give admission to the Aliment and afterward the Musculus Oesophagaeus being Convulsed is not capable to Contract and lessen the Cavity of the Gulet upon the reception of the Aliment into it and thereby to protrude the Meat and Drink into the Stomach An Instance may be given in the Daughter of a worthy Merchant of London who was highly afflicted with Hysterick Fits as they are commonly called producing an Universal Convulsion of the Muscles relating to the Gulet and whole Body named by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in which the whole Body is rendred so stiff so that it cannot be bent backward forward or sideways In which unnatural posture the said Gentlewoman remained Eleven Hours in Twelve and was not able to Swallow but one Hour in a Day whereupon I ordered an Hysterick Plaister to be applied to her Navil and opening Hysterick and Cephalick Potions and Pills both Purging and Alterative to evacuate the gross offensive Humours and to sweeten the Blood and to rectifie the Nervous Liquor And above all I often advised Bleeding which was most significant in reference to the Cure wherein some of the depraved Blood being let out and the rest Depurated and the weakned Nerves Corroborated by proper Medicines the Convulsions ceased and the Patient through the Almighty Physicians Goodness was perfectly restored to her former Health CHAP. XVII Of the Stomach I Have described the parts relating to the fine Apartiment of the Mouth in which we treat our selves with Delicate Fare and others with Pleasant
unreasonable Appetites we most ungratefully disobey the Commands of our Gracious Maker and Redeemer in forfeiting at once our Health in this World and our Happiness in that to come CHAP. XXXIII Of the Expulsive Faculty of the Stomach HAving given my Sentiments of the nature of Fermentation in the Stomach and of the various Ferments the Causes productive of Concoction in reference to open the Compage of Meat and Drink which though ordinary yet are heightened into Delicacies by the advantages of Hunger and Thirst by infinuating themselves into their inmost recesses to colliquate the Contents and extract an alimentary Tincture secerned from the gross Faeces by a kind of precipitation in the retort of the Stomach So that the Ventricle by the assistance of its gently contracted Fibres espouseth the Aliment in its nearer Embraces speaking a great complacency to it self in a repast for some competent time till the alimentary Liquor is drawn out and then the gross Reliques after Concoction being altogether disserviceable grow nauseous and give a trouble to the Stomach if detained long in it whereupon the Fibres of the Ventricle in their own defence The Fibres of the Stomach are more briskly contracted in expulsion then in retension do more briskly contract themselves then in the retention of nourishment to discharge the Faeces through the right Orifice into the Intestines which if longer deteined in the Stomach would be exposed to putrefaction by too great a Fermentation and give a stench to the Ventricle which would prove as little salutary as pleasant The expulsive power of the Stomach The first requisite of the expulsive Faculty is the slipperiness of the inward Coat of the Stomach pre-supposeth divers requisites to accomplish it The First is a condition qualifying the inward Coat of the Ventricle by which it is rendred soft and pliable by the Liquor extracted out of the Aliment besprinkling it and making its surface slippery and more capable to throw off the Recrements left after Concoction with the greater Ease and Expedition The Second and chief Requisite in which the expulsive Power is founded as in an efficient Cause are the various Fibres of the Stomach Vomiting and Purging are produced by the various motions of the Fibres which as they play strongly upward towards the Gulet and more gently downwards towards the Intestines do produce Vomiting or Purging and this last is caused when the Fibres commence their Contraction near the Gulet and so make their progress toward the Pylorus and right Orifice and this is called vulgarly the Motion of the Ventricle downwards though in truth and in reference to the Center and the situation of the Stomach sometimes its Motion is celebrated upwards and sometimes laterally and is performed by virtue of all the Fibres and first by transverse running cross the Stomach which are so termed in reference to each side but if the Fibres be considered as they comprehend the whole circumference of the Stomach they may be more properly stiled Circular as they encircle the Stomach and in their Motion these Fibres make larger or lesser Circles according to their more gentle or strong Contractions whereupon the Cavity of the Ventricle is less or more lessened and doth thereby less or more strongly compress the Contents of the Stomach and by degrees force them out of its Confines The right Fibres are so many Auxiliaries to the Circular The right Fibres are auxiliary to the circular as they both tâ—nd to the lessenâ—â— the Cavâ—ty of the Stomach in their Contractions and by making their progress the whole length of the Stomach and in purging do begin their Motion near the Left Orifice of the Ventricle and so the various Fibres do contract themselves in their several ranks towards the Right Orifice and the circular Fibres surrounding the Ventricle by making less and less Circles do gradually contract the whole circumference of the Stomach so on the other side the Right Fibres passing the length of the Ventricle do by degrees help the Circular in lessening the Cavity of it by bringing both sides nearer to each other Whereupon the right Fibres The Fibres in purging do first commence their motion about the lefâ— Orifice and so do move downward to the bottom of the Stomach In Vomiting the Fibres begin their motion about the right Orifice and so move toward the lest commencing their Motion about the left Orifice in Purging do first narrow the Cavity of the Stomach about its beginning and so downward toward the Termination of it and the other side in Vomiting the Contraction of the Fibres first take their rise about the right Orifice and by strong Concussive Motions protrude the offensive Matter toward the left Orifice and Gulet and so into the Mouth So that it is very plain that the Stomach being afflicted with some Bilious and Acid Humours giving a high discomposure to its delicate frame affected with a most acute sensation doth throw them from one Orifice of the Ventricle to the other effected principally by the Circular Fibres encircling the whole Stomach assisted with the right Fibres compressing the Stomach longways and the Oblique Fibres being seated between the Circular and right Fibres of the Ventricle do also participate a middle action and in their Contraction do contribute to each of their Motion and in Purging by commencing their action about the Origen of the Stomach do by rendring its Cavity more narrow squeese the Contents of the Ventricle towards its Termination and from thence through the Pylorus into the first Intestine Having given an account how the motion of the Contents of the Stomach is mannaged downward as it is commonly called but in truth is acted from the left Orifice to the right My intendment at this time is to explain the opposite Motion which is more unnatural and violent then the other as giving a greater stress to the Fibres which is performed by moving of the matter contained in the Stomach upward as it is commonly apprehended but more truly if respect be had according to the situation of the Stomach the Contents are forced in Vomiting from the Termination of it to the Origen and in deep Vomiting the Fibres of the Duodenum first begin the scene of Motion throwing up the bilious Recrements transmitted out of the Liver by the Hepatick Duct into the Intestines and afterward through the Pylorus into the lower part of the Stomach The action of Purging and Vomiting is performed by the joynt concurrence of all the various Fibres of the Stomach wherein the Fibres in Vomiting first celebrate their Motion and from thence carry it on briskly toward the Origen of the Stomach And the action of Vomiting is produced as well as that of Purging by the concurrent Contraction of the Circular Right and Oblique Fibres wherein some surrounding the Ventricle do lessen the whole Circuit of its Cavity round-ways and other Fibres taking their course from Orifice to Orifice do
acquireth by its stay a greater and more ropy Consistence and cannot be Expectorated without great Contractions of the Circular and Right Fibres seated in the Membrane of the Wind-pipe And farther To illustrate the Secretion of the Pituitous Liquor in the Glands belonging to the Ventricle I will make bold to borrow an Instance from the Cutaneous Glands of Fish viz. In Skaits Thornbacks in which the more gross Matter of the Blood is severed in the Cutaneous Glands as by so many Colatories and Transmitted by many Excretory Ducts into the surface of the outward Skin which is overspread with a viscid Liquor not unlike that which lineth the inward Coat of the Stomach and this Albuminous Matter when associated with the Purple Liquor is very much attenuated by its heat motion and spirituous parts and when separated from the Blood in the substance of the Cutaneous Glands it degenerates into a more Crass Matter when it is Transmitted through the minute perforations of the Skin to the surface of the Body where it groweth more concreted by Stagnation and the coldness of the ambient Air. Furthermore The crude Chyme is carried by the Caeliack Artery into the Glandulous Coat of the Stomach I conceive that this indigested Chyme being not assimilated into Blood is carried confused with it by the Caeliack Artery in the Glandulous Coats and is there severed from the Vital Liquor and being fluid upon its immediate parting with it is rendred moveable by an Impulse wherein one part presseth another forward as upon the pulsation of the Vital Liquor into the next parts whereupon the Pituitous Humour is step by step promoted through the Pores of the inmost Tunicle into the surface of the Stomach And in fine The Chymous part being rendred thin by the heat of the Blood is transmitted through the terminations of the arteries holding conformity with them both in shape and size I will endeavour to make clear the passage of the gross Chymous Juice through the perforations of the inward Coat as mechanically explicable in reference to the fluid particles of the Phlegm when they are more thin as having newly taken leave of the Blood as they hold Conformity in shape and size to the Pores of the inward Tunicle of the Stomach which is the most probable Reason that can be given as I imagine why the Dephlegmed part of the Blood severed from it in the Minute Glands of the Stomach are readily emitted through the perforations of its inward Coat into its more large Cavity every where lining the surface of the Ventricle to secure its tender Compage from the assaults of sharp Saline and Bilious Recrements often lodged in the Cavity of the Stomach Thus I have discoursed the Excrementitious clammy Matter overspreading the Stomach which superabounding in quantity or offensive in quality doth irritate the Fibres of the Stomach to contract themselves and by lessening the Cavity of the Ventricle to expel those gross Pituitous Faeces into the Duodenum The second Recrements follow as objects of the Expulsive power of the Stomach which are the acid reliques of Concoction The reliques of Concoction are not ministerial to the Fermentation of the Stomach in point of Digestion and having lost their active and spirituous Particles cannot be subservient to the Colliquation of Meat and the extraction of Alimentary Liquor and growing Effoete and Excrementitious do give a trouble to the Stomach in provoking its tender Fibres to Contract and eject these disserviceable Recrements into the Intestines And sometimes Bilious Recrements and ill Pancreatick Juice Bilious and Pancreatick Liquor do irritate the Expulsive Faculty of the Ventricle is injected into the Guts and from thence into the Stomach where it produceth Nauseousness and giveth a keching disturbance in a small quantity and overflowing in large proportions do offer a greater violation to the delicate Fibres of the Stomach and cause them more strangely to contract themselves to throw up these Bilious and Pancreatick Recrements by Vomiting CHAP. XXXIV Of the Pathologie and Cures relating to the Expulsive Faculty of the Stomach HAving Treated of the Causes and manner of Production of Chyle and the Pathologie and Cures attending it it may not be improper now to consider the Expulsive Faculty and its Pathologie and Cures in reference to the Stomach in which the Alimentary Liquor being extracted and to shew how the grosser parts being Secerned from the more refined may be Transmitted out of the Ventricle into the Intestines as the Faeces and reliques of Concoction which do give a trouble to the Annular Right and Oblique Fibres to Contract themselves more strongly then in the retention of Aliment thereby briskly to streighten the Cavity of the Stomach to expel the Recrements as disturbers of its repose and disserviceable to Nature and vexatious to the Stomach Many requisites concur to the due qualification of the Expulsive power of the Stomach The first requisite of the expulsive power of the Stomach consisteth in good tone of the Fibres The second condition is the sensation of an ill object founded in the good Tone of the Fibres resenting the trouble of the Recrements the results of Concoction as so many ill Guests solliciting Nature to its advantage in their avoidance which speaketh the second condition appertaining to the Expulsive Faculty the troubelsome sensation of an ill Object inviting her to free her self from it by throwing it out of Doors The third Condition The third is the slippâ—riness of the inward Tunicle of the Stomach relating to the laudable condition of the Expulsive Faculty consisteth in the slipperiness of the inward Coat of the Stomach which is derived from smooth and Liquid Particles as creating a softness in the third Tunicle giving an easiness in the ways and disposing the Matter by rendring the inside of the Ventricle slippery and fit for Expulsion Whereupon the Expulsive power being well regulated consisteth in a moderate motion of the Fibres as not being too remiss or over-active in the performance of their duty which speaketh them good Servants as observant of their great Mistress Natures commands which is very just and kind and requireth nothing of them but what is most for their own Interest and Advantage The first and greatest error of the Expulsive Faculty The first disaffection of the Expulsive Faculty is the ill tone of the Stomacick Fibres is when it is wholly wanting of doing its duty by reason the Fibres do not at all contract themselves which is produced by a lost Tone of the Stomach near Death and in great Diseases when the Animal Liquor either is not generated in the Cortex or being generated is so crude and gross that it obstructeth the Cortical Fibres in the Brain and so proveth a Bar to its own entrance and farther reception into the spaces interceeding the Nervous Filaments seated in the Brain whereupon the Animal Liquor cannot have any access into the Par Vagum and
usus intermissus est Tempore morbi ter sedatus fuit Fluxus cum optima spe sed cum pessimo uteretur victus regimine recidivam passa tandem fatis concessit Cadaver apertum haecce dabat Observanda 1. Omentum quidem instar erat magnitudinis sed sphacelatum colore atrolividum 2. Intestinum Duodenum Jejunum repletissima erant bile unde sitis intolerabilis causa derivari poterat 3. Ileon quod Caecum tendit cubiti unius Longitudine corruptum sphacelatum erat 4. Colon quatuor transversos digitos a Caeco sanum erat post ad octo digitos Corruptum 5. Folliculus fellis maximus erat bile refertissimus Bilis quae in eo reperiebatur viridis erat sicut gramen Caetera erant optime constituta in Intestino Recto nihil notari poterat nec in aliis Visceribus Hepar Lien Pancreas sanissima erant Sometimes in inveterate Dysenteries In inveterate Dysenteries the substance of the Guts is lessened which doth indicate restorative vulnerary Diet-drinks the Guts are despoiled of their substance as having their Succus Nutricius so exhausted in long Fluxes that the Intestines become very thin and sometimes dry in a manner resembling Guts taken out of the Body and hung up a drying In this case Restorative Vulnerary Drinks may be well advised to repair the decayed state of the Guts forbear Rhubarb and drying Purgatives and Alteratives and prescribe Lenient moistning Medicines as Honey and Syrup of Roses Solutive Tamarinds c. CHAP. XLII Of the Diseases of the Guts and their Cure HAving Treated of the slow over-hasty and too frequent Peristaltick Motion of the Guts it may not be Immethodical to speak of the Depraved Motion of the Intestines in the Iliack Passion Which proceedeth from divers Causes sometime from the small Guts twisted other times intangled and tied in Knots and also when they shoot themselves downward and upward one into another The Iliack Passion also may be derived from Astringents unduly used and from a stoppage of the Intestines by clammy Matter and from hard Excrements and from Flatulent Matter contained in the Guts intercepting the passage of the gross Faeces or from the falling of the Guts into the Scrotum and from the Gangreen of the Ileon and from an Inflammation and Cancer in the Colon and from Abscesses in the Intestines and from a Tumour of the Bladder contracting the Cavity of the Rectum The Iliack Passion flowing from the Distortion of the Guts The Iliack Passion coming from the distortion of the Guts is produced by twisting them every way so that it lesseneth the Cavity of the Intestines by leaving no room for the passage of gross Excrements whereupon the Intestines being aggrieved and not able to relieve themselves by contracting their Carnous Fibres toward the Anus are forced to attempt another though unnatural way in beginning the Peristaltick Motion in the Ileon near the Colon and successively to carry on one part of the Ileon after another toward the Jejunum and Duodenum whereby the Excrements are thrown upward into the Stomach originally proceeding from the Convolution of the lower part of the Ileon stopping the descent of the Excrements into the Colon and Intestinum Rectum which is sometimes caused by the various Motions as I conceive of Carnous Fibres endeavouring every way to contract themselves in order to discharge a most painful Flatulent Matter whence ariseth a twining and closing the Cavity of the Guts A Young Man about Eighteen years of Age having by an inverted Peristaltick Motion of the Guts expelled the Excrements into the Stomach by whose strong Motion and that of the Gulet they were protruded through the Mouth which in their passage gave so great an anoyance to the Concoctive Faculty of the Stomach that it vitiated the Chyle and Blood and destroyed the first principle of Being even Life it self This young Man being opened in the lower Venter the Intestines appeared prodigiously great to the amazement of the Spectators and being compressed did break in pieces and the Excrements did fly out with a great force and the Ileon adjoyning to the Colon was so distorted and twisted that the Cavity of the Ileon was wholly taken away in that part and no place left for the passage of the Excrements and Flatulent Matter A cause of the Iliack Disaffection The Iliack Passion proceeding from one part of the Guts shooting themselves into another may be deduced from one part of the small Guts insinuated into another now and then the upper shooteth it self into the lower and sometime the lower into the upper part of the small Intestines which are very much distended in several places and in other parts contracted for some space both above and below whereupon the free play of Wind being checked the Patient is highly tortured with pain and to ease himself puts his Body into divers postures by various Agitations and Flexures of it and being often repeated make a Relaxation of some part of the Guts adjoyning to the contracted parts which being moved forward by the pressure of Wind toward the relaxed Intestines do force them into the next expanded parts of the Guts which are afterward closed up by the Duplicature of them filling up their Cavity and wholly intercepting the passage of the Excrements And when in this miserable Distemper the lower part of the Guts is thrust into the Cavity of the upper One kind of the Iliack Passion is when the lower part is thrust into the upper This is often discharged by Purgatives and by swallowed Bullets and by the assumption of a large proportion of crude Mercury the pressing down of the Excrements made by Nature of the concoction of Aliment and by Art in Purgative Medicines doth often discharge the insinuation of the lower Gut into the upper and if these do not prevail Bullets of Gold or Lead may be swallowed in a draught of Oyl of Almonds or sweet Oyl of Olives and at the last Remedy may be given when all other Methods of Physick have been tried without success an Ounce or two of crude Mercury Which by its active disposition and great weight will reduce the insinuated part of the Guts into their proper place but if the upper part of the Guts be forced into the lower all Purgatives Bullets and Mercury will press the Guts farther one into another So that the Cure of this manner of ingress of the Guts one into another can scarcely be made good by Nature or Art Blasius Another kind of the Iliack Passion is when the upper part of the Guts is shot into the lower giveth an account of this Case Anat. Westlingii Cap. 3. Pa. 46. Interdum revolvitur Intestinum instar digiti Cheirothecae reduplicati quod omnino obstruit viam Intestini inde vomitus Intestinorum per partes superiores reduplicationem hanc omnino fictitiam dicit Patinus quam nunquam videre potuit at bis terve eum in cadaveribus Dissectis cum
Laminae or Plates making up the curious Compage of this salutary Stone commonly called Bezoar The Glands of the Liver The Glands of the Liver petrified have been often discerned upon Dissections to be petrified which is derived from gross Blood carried by the Branches of the Porta into the Parenchyma of the Liver depraved with fixed Salt and earthy Atomes embodied with a Lapidescent Juice turning the Glands of the Liver resembling Cubes in Figure into a stony substance But by reason some may conceive the Petrification of the Glands relating to the Liver may be produced by the gross parts of Choler petrified in the Excretory Vessels appertaining to the Bladder of Gall and Porus Bilarius taking their rise in the Glandulous part of the Liver I will take the freedom to propound another Instance of Stones lodged in the Ventricles of the Heart which can proceed from no other cause as I apprehend but from the Tartar of the Blood confaederated with a petrifying Juice coagulating it into Stones Stones have been discerned by Sennertus Stones generated in the Brain and Skenchius in the Ambient parts of the Brain which I judg to be produced by the Saline and Earthy parts of crude Nervous Liquor generated in the Cortex of the Brain embodied with a petrifying Spirit concreting the crass parts of the Succus Nutricius into Stones Stones are not only propagated from crude Chyle Stones propagated from various Liquors of the Body as having a Lapidescent Juice Vital and Nervous Liquor but from the Recrements of the Blood the Pancreatick Bilious and Serous Liquor whose Tartar espouseth a Lapidescent Juice which are coagulated into Stones lodged in the Pancreas Bladder of Gall Kidneys and Bladder of Urine which I conceive is made after this manner This first beginning is very small at first derived from Saline and Earthy parts of different Liquors accompanied with a Lapidescent Juice and afterward acquireth greater and greater Dimensions by the access of new Tartar formed into thin stony Accretions which encircle one another in the manner of fine Flakes which is very evident in Bezoar and in Stones of the Kidney Bladder of Urine and Gall c. which being gently broken into pieces the Stones may be seen to be integrated of many fine Laminae or thin Plates enwrapping each other in elegant order which is very pleasant to behold CHAP. XXVI The Stone of the Kidneys and its Cures THe Stone in the Kidney in a Person of Honour was broken into pieces in the taking out of its Bed as being of a friable nature and was formed of divers unevennesses defacing its outward Surface in irregular Figures somewhat resembling a Race of Ginger The Stone consisting of many thin Flakes and was like a Race of Ginger This Stone was composed of numerous thin Plates the outermost being araied with a dark hue and their inward compage with a White Colour closely Caemented to each other so that the body of the Stone may be stiled a Systeme made up of many thin Flakes lodged within each others embraces to which they are closely affixed by a viscid Concreted Liquor and some of it enwrapping the Stone not yet Coagulated These stony Plates were produced of the Tartar of Serous Liquor very manifest in their whitish Colour confaederated with a clammy Matter the Caement to conjoyn the various thin Accretions made up of Earthy and Saline parts and the most inward Plates are smallest in Circumference as being the first in order of Generation and afterward are more and more enlarged as they are encircled with new Flakes of saline Accretions whence the body of the Stone putteth on greater and greater Dimensions The Stones of the Kidney when they grow great do sometimes fill up the substance of the Kidney in their various Branches compressing the Urinary Ducts and other times are lodged in the Pelvis wholly intercepting the streams of Serous Recrements into the Ureters and Bladder of Urine I saw a Stone taken out of Doctor Waldron's Kidney a Learned Fellow of the Colledg A Stone resembling a Tree and one of His Majesties Physicians in Ordinary which resembled a Tree in Figure whose Branches were clothed with White and were divaricated through the substance of the Kidney among the Urinary Ducts and Papillary Caruncles whereupon the Patient was afflicted with pain caused by the compression of the Nerves and often made a bloody Urine proceeding from the gauling of the tender Capillary Vessels and the Trunk of this Stony Tree was hued with a deep Red insinuating it self through the Papillary Trunks into the Pelvis where it caused a total suppression of Urine As to the Cure of the Stone of the Kidney Bladder c. The indications relating to the Cure of the Stone Three Indications present themselves The first is to hinder the generation and increase of the Stone The second is to Expel it when it is generated The third is to Alleviate and take away Pain which is very afflictive in this Disease The Indications are first to be satisfied by Purgatives Purgatives are proper in the Stone to take away the cause of the Stone the gross Viscous Humours and the Earthy and Saline parts of the Liquors of the Body which may be effected by Purging Boles made of Cassia or the Lenitive Electuary of Chio Turpentine Hollands Powder Creme of Tartar c. and after two Hours a Quart of Northal or Barnet Posset may be taken Emollients and Diuretick Apozems are good in this Disease And Purging Medicaments having been Administred Emollient and Diuretick Apozems are proper in this Disease made of the Opening Roots of Dogsgrass Asparagus and of the Leaves of Mallows Marsh-Mallows Pellitory of the Wall Golden Rod Raisons of the Sun boiled in Water to which may be added some White Wine at last and it being streined may be sweetned with Syrupe of the Five Opening Roots Cooling and Emollient Emulsions may speak a great advantage in this Malady made up of the Four Cooling and White Poppy Seeds sweet Almonds c. Electuaries may be also advantageous made of Emollient and Diuretick Medicines of Conserve of Hips Flowers of Mallows Condite Eringo Roots mixed with the Judaick Stone Seeds of Burdock Millet Parsley and Sows or Hogs-Lice powdered mixed with Syrupe of Marsh-Mallows upon which a Draught may be immediately drunk of a Decoction prepared with Nephritick Wood and other Diureticks mixed with Emollients And in great pains Fomentations may be applied made with Emollient and Discutient Medicines of Mallows Marsh-Mallows Centaury the less Wormwood Rue Saint-Johns-Wort Flowers of Elder Melilot and Chamaemel of Line-Seed Fenugreek Seed Bay-Berries Juniper Berries to which when they have been well Boiled in Water and streined may be added some Malago or Spirit of French Wine commonly called Brandy CHAP. XXVIII Of the Vreters THe Ureters being Aquaeducts The description of the Ureters are oblong white Tubes taking their rise in the Glands of the Kidneys wherein
pertinent to discourse the manner how the Fluor Albus is produced in the Womb which I conceive The manner how the Fluor Albus is produced may be accomplished after this manner The Blood is Confederated with gross Chyle not well Prepared by laudable Ferments of Serous and Nervous Liquor in the Stomach and afterward is not well Attenuated by ill Pancreatick and Bilious Recrements in the Guts whereupon the Blood groweth gross and pituitous and sometimes is also vitiated with Bilious Excrements conveyed into it by the roots of the Cava when the Ductus Choleductus is obstructed so that the Purple Liquor being tainted sometimes with pituitous and other times with Bilious and Serous Recrements not severed from the Blood in the Renal Glands is transmitted by the Preparing and Hypogastrick Arteries into the Substance of the Glands belonging to the Womb wherein the Blood being acted with Heterogeneous Particles of different ill Humours causeth a great Fermentation which is highly promoted by the Nervous Liquor destilling out the Terminations of the Par Vagum and Vertebral Nerves derived from the Os Sacrum opening the Compage of the Blood assisted by the ferments of the Womb whereby its impure parts the Pituitous Serous and Bilious Recrements are severed from the Purple Liquor in the Uterine Glands as its Colatories and thence transmitted by the Excretory Ducts into the Cavity of the Womb. The Menstrua being associated with various ill Recrements The Fluor Albus proceedeth from an ill mass of Blood when they are suppressed in unhealthy Bodies clogged with a fowl mass of Blood do produce a Fluor Albus wherein the Viscera tainted with the faeces of the Blood not depurated in the Uterine Glands do endeavour to free themselves from their troublesome Maladies by sending down Pituitous Bilious and Serous Recrements through the descendent Trunck of the Aorta and the Spermatick and Hypogastrick Arteries into the substance of the Womb wherein the Blood being not well Secerned from its ill Associates its noysome Excrements doth return by the Uterine Veins to the Cava and thence to the Chambers of the Heart where sometimes it being Pituitous ingenders a Polypus derived from Concreted Chyme other times it passing through the I ungs maketh a difficulty of breathing and afterward when it is impelled through the descendent Trunck of the Aorta and Coeliack and Mesentrick Arteries into the Stomach Pancreas and Guts it spoileth the ferments of the Ventricle and Intestines and perverteth their Crasis this impure Bilious Blood is carried out of the tainted adjacent parts by various branches of the Porta into the Glands of the Liver wherein the Blood being not well separated from its Bilious Faeculencies doth vitiate the Tone of the Liver and discoloureth it and the Glands of the whole Body are often infected with this ill mass of Blood as not being discharged by the Uterus in a due Menstruous Flux whence often ariseth a Fluor Albus Corroding and Ulcerating the womb and its Vagina which sometimes endeth in a Gargren To confirm this Hypothesis An instance of a Person dying of a Fluor Arbus I will give you the trouble of a long and admirable case of a Sick Person labouring long with and at last dying of a Fluor Albus written in a Letter by Learned Muranto to Renowned Peier Elizabethae Anglae quinquagesimum jam agenti aetatis annum Menstrua octennio ante fluere cessarunt nunc inde ab anno redeuntia sed inordinate per tres menses eodem fluore Corripitur Albo copioso summaque cum virium debilitate Sensim aucto adeo ut stanti ambulantique semper invitae quid destillet Acrimonia humor is abditi Naturae loci multum oredebantur urinaque juxta suppremebatur unde grumi sanguinis prodierunt ingenti cum dolore praesertim in Hypocondriis Alvus per dies quinque continuos adstricta erat Adhibita autem incassum fuerunt à Medicis Excellentissimis Pharmaca tandem supervenientibus intolerabilibus circa pubem anum cruciatibus vomitu materiae Biliosae Mortua est Dissecto post mortem Cadavere sequentia notavimus 1. Omentum tenue sine pinguedine 2. Ventriculum magnum ac valde capacem Biliosi humoris plenum interne Rubentem multis quoque Glandulis conspicuum 3. Intestina tenuia in inguine sinistro contracta penitus crassa tum flatibus tum duris Excrementis distenta praeterea variis in locis veluti occlusa 4. Pancreas cinerei coloris durum tactu 5. Lienem coloris nigricantis 6. Hepar pallidum ad flavedinem Biliosam Vergens nec sanguineo colore tinctum Hujus vesiculae copiosa bilis inerat 7. Glandulae in regione lumborum plures Conglobatae atque aliae prope Vterum valde durae erant humorem crassum sebaceum flavescentem puri analogum ex se fundente quo vasa Lymphatica distenta turgebant 9. Venarum sanguis tenuissimus fuit sero multo dilutus 10. Cordi Polypus erat 11. Pulmones sani 12. Ren sinister duplici Cavitate pelvim efformante praeditus 13. Vesica Urinaria lotio adhuc turgebat 14. Uterus arcte undique partibus Vicinis adhaesit fundo ejus cum recto Intestino vesicaque Urinaria unito 15. Circa Testiculos utroque in latere Hydatides sat magnae Conspiciebantur Lympha turgentes insipida Ipsi Testiculi purulenti Ulcerati fuerunt Tubarum processus rite apparuit Liquor in Arteriam Spermaticam injectus omnia Vteri Vaginae Vasa implevit indeque levi Compressione tum ex Vtero tum è Vagina manavit Uterus magnus erat intrinsecus rubens Exulceratus Excoriatus pure farctus inque Sinistrum magis latus inclinans Ulcus extra Uteri Pomeria in Vicinam quoque Vaginam serpsit Nam ista quasi Gangraena tacta prorsus nigricare visa est Vasa Uteri omnia cruore turgebant The Cure of this disease is performed by the taking away the Causes Astringent Medicines are not to be Administred before Purgatives which being done the Flux ceaseth wherefore a great care must be had that we do not administer Astringent Medicines before the Viscera are freed from their Gross Bilious and Serous Recrements by proper Purgatives Therefore we must consider whether the Fluor Albus be derived from the ill habit of the whole Body or from some peculiar part from the indispotion of the Womb if it come from a Cachexy of the Viscera gentle Purging Medicines are to be advised of Cassia the Lenitive Electuary Ruburbe mixed with Chio Turpentine which doth cleanse and heal the Uterus often Corroded with sharp and salt humours A question may arise Purgatives are more proper than Bleeding in the Fluor Albus whether Bleeding be proper in this Disease to which I make bold to give this Answer That seeing the Fluor Albus provenit à Cachichymia non a Plethora it doth denote rather Purging than Bleeding Again it doth not seem reasonable to call the foul humours of the Womb
small Nerves from the left recurrent Nerve and also Lymphaeducts as Learned Rudbeck will have it proceeding from the Trunk ending near the Heart The Figure of the Capsula holdeth great conformity with that of the Heart and is much more enlarged toward its Base The Figure of the Pericardium and groweth more narrow near its Cone So that the Pericardium is adorned with a kind of Pyramidal figure In this Capsula Serous Liquor is contained as in a Cystern The Liquor contained in the Pericardium which some account to be Alimentary and others Excrementitious as being a Watry humor proceeding from the steams of the Blood arising like Clouds and condensed against the inside of the Pericardium Learned Steno deriveth its Origen from the Lymphaeducts coming from the Conglomerated Glands in his Books de Musculis and Glandulis p. 41. Quocunque corporis Animalis loco aquosus quidam naturaliter reperitur humor ejus superficiem oblinens eandem superficiem Lymphaticorum pertusam ostiis a Conglomerata Glandula oriundorum unde colligere liceret eandem aquae Pericardii esse originem but with the leave of this great Author I humbly conceive that the Liquor lodged within the confines of the Pericardium doth not arise from the Lymphaeducts which is a thin watry Liquor but this of the Capsula Cordis is the Serous part of the Vital Juice The Origen of the Liquor contained in the Pericardium as I apprehend by reason it being exposed to the Fire will Coagulate like the white of an Egg which sheweth it to be the more soft and albuminous Particles of the Blood Renowned Dr. Lower doth fetch the Liquor contained in the Capsula Cordis from its Glands as he hath in the first Chap. de Cordis situ structura p 5 6. Quare ut aquae hujus fontem alibi quaeramus advertere oportet naturam in variis corporis partibus ubi operis aut functionum eadem aut par ratio est iisdem plerunque Machinis atque instrumentis uti quemadmodum glandulas Lacrymalis ad humorem suggerendum quo Oculi illinantur atque madefiant absque quo sicci motus inhabiles evaderent pariter juxta Cordis basin diversas Glandulas constituit è quibus humor intra Capsulam exstillat vacuo isto spacio huc illuc agitatus Cordis superficiem undique alluit quo promptior facilior ejus motus redderetur CHAP. XII Of the Diseases of the Pericardium and their Cures THe Pericardium as composed of many Coats furnished with numerous divarications of Vessels is rendred obnoxious to variety of Diseases as Inflammations Abscesses Ulcers Tumors c. The inflammation of the Capsula Cordis The cause of an Inflammation of the Pericardium is derived from a source of Blood coming out of the Terminations of the Coronary Arteries of the Heart inserted into the substance of the Pericardium in which it is Extravasated as not being received into the Extremities of Phrenick Veins by reason of its great plenty or grosness whereupon it being stagnant in the empty spaces of the Vessels loseth its laudable temper and bounty by gaining an unkindly Ebullition This part confining on the Heart easily affected with an unnatural effervescence productive of an acute Fever Syncope Palpitation imparted to the Blood first derived from the substance of the Pericardium into the Origens of the Phrenick Veins and from thence to the Vena Cava and right Ventricle of the Heart and afterward into the Lungs where it creates a great difficulty of Breathing a dry Cough a great Plogâ—sis c. Thirst and sometimes with a pain in the Thorax toward the Sternon as the Pericardium is affixed to the Mediastine So that this Disease is taken for a Pleurisie Zacutus Prax. adm Lib. 2. Observat giveth a History Quidam in aetate florente acuta febre est prehensus cum siti ingenti anxietate Respiratione celerrima frequenti Thoracis incendio tussi sicca Syncope Cordis tremore levissimo in Thorace dolore Sternum versus cum angustia summa pulsu duro inaequali Hic pro Pleuritico Curatus triduo è vita sublatus Sectio à morte palam fecit fuisse Pericardii Inflammationem nam tota fere tunica livida rugosa visa est in multis partibus asperitudines apparuere Milliaceae nigrore infectae omnia ab adurente calore profecta The Curatory Indication of this Disease being a quantity of extravasated Blood lodged in the substance of the Pericardium The opening of a Vein is good in an Inflammation of the Pericardium doth denote the Mission of Blood with a free hand to make good the Circulation of the stagnant Blood in the parts affected That it may be received into the Phrenick Veins and take off the Inflammation of the Pericardium Bleeding also satisfieth the preservatory Indication in lessening the cause of the Disease by taking away the exuberant quantity of hot Blood and by diverting its current from the Pericardium by opening a Vein in the Arm. Cooling Juleps and Apozemes are very proper in being given with temperate Cordial Powders which do cool the Mass of Blood by Sweat and a free Transpiration as discharging the hot steams of the Vital Liquor by the Pores of the Skin Sometimes an Inflammation may proceed from a great Contusion of the Thorax affecting the Capsula Cordis whence ariseth first an Inflammation Another cause of an Inflammation of the Pericardium coming from a Laceration of the small Arteries pouring out so great a quantity of Blood into the Interstices of the Vessels that the minute Origens of the Veins are not capable to give a reception to it So that the Extravasated Blood losing its motion the Albuminous part degenerates into a Pus which often Corrodeth the Membranes of the Pericardium and produceth an Ulcer which vitiateth the Liquor encircling the Heart A Husband-man overturning a load of Hay by his imprudent Conduct An Instance of an Inflammation of the Pericardium proceeding from Contusion some part of it fell upon his Breast which thereupon was highly afflicted with pain and the Patient was afterward infested with an acute Fever flowing from the Contusion of the Pericardium which proved fatal unto him and the Thorax being opened and his Heart inspected the Pericardium was found full of Pus in which the Heart did swim as in a noysom Lake giving it a stench and suffocation The Pericardium is sometimes swelled A Dropsie coming from too great a quantity of Liquor contained in the Pericardium as overcharged with too great a quantity of Serous Liquor making a kind of Dropsie whereby the Capsula being of tender Membranous Compage is highly discomposed with pain and the Heart compressed with a load of Liquor so incumbent upon it that its branches cannot admit a due Dilatation to give reception to the Blood which is attended with a pain of the Breast a trembling of the Heart and a Dropsie of the whole Body A
the Heart A fourth cause of the inordinate motion of the Heart may be deduced from the Nerves A fourth cause of Convulsive motions in the Heart animating the Carnous Fibres of the Arteries which do interrupt the equal and natural course of the Blood by reason the Cavities of the Arteries are very much narrowed by the Convulsion of the Nerves inserted into the Carnous Fibres whereupon the impulse of Blood is stopped as in the disorder of the Nerves in great passions of Anger Fear Sorrow and the like which cause great consternation and confusion So that it is probable that the Trunk of the Aorta being very much lessened by the Convulsion of the Nervous Fibril drawing the Carnous seated in the Coat of the great Artery adjoyning to the left Chamber of the Heart much hinder the motion of the Blood out of the Heart into the Aorta whereupon the Ventricle of the Heart being highly distended by overmuch Blood will cause many violent Pulsations or Convulsive Contractions to discharge the exuberant quantity of Blood into the Orifice of the great Artery Persons subject to immoderate passion of Anger Grief Joy and those that are much afflicted with Hypocondriacal and Scorbutical Diseases are very obnoxious upon every light occasion and sometimes without any provocation to passions and convulsive motions of the Heart called vulgarly the Palpitations of it as having the Cardiack Nerves affected with a gross Succus Nutricius proceeding from ill humors in a Cachectick body oppressed with Acide Ferments of the Blood acted also with gross saline Particles Palpitations of the Heart also proceed from a great quantity of Blood ready to suffocate the Heart and put the Fibres of the Heart into inordinate Motions as well as the Nerves highly irritated by an exuberance of Blood compressing of the Heart and thereby hindring the passage of the Nervous Liquor in the Interstices of the Filaments often productive of Convulsive motions afflicting the Heart These irregular motions are also generated in the origen of the Nerves when they are disordered with some Acrimonious Matter vellicating the Fibres seated in the ambient parts of the Brain As to the Cure of these Convulsive Motions producing a great exuberance of Stagnant Vital Liquor in the Heart it denoteth frequent opening of a Vein to sollicite the motion of Stagnant Blood to abase its quantity And in reference to the cause of Convulsions seated in the Nerves producing the palpitation of the Heart Cephalick Apozemes Electuaries Spirit of Hearts Horn Spirit of Amber Succinated c. may be of great use CHAP. XX. Of the Motion of the Blood HAving given my Sentiments of the Structure and Motion of the Heart I will now Treat of the Motion of the Blood as the End and Complement of the other by reason the Heart is designed by Nature to be a rare Engine of Motion to make good the circulation of the Vital Liquor The All Wise and Omnipotent Agent created Man as the Soveraign of this lower Orb after his own Image and inspired him with the Spirit of life conserved by Motion of the Blood and to this end the Grand Architect hath framed a fit Apparatus of Organs the Heart as a noble Blood-work furnished with numerous appendages of Channels as so many Sanguiducts the Veins and Arteries to import and export streams of Blood to and from the Heart as a choice Engine to promote the Motion of the Blood the great preservative of Life In order to the better understanding of the Motion of the Blood these Considerables may seem to offer themselves to our notice First The manner how this Motion is accomplished Secondly What quantity of Blood passeth through the chambers of the Heart in a short space of time Thirdly The Cisterns and Ducts through which this noble Liquor floweth out of the Heart first into the Lungs and after runs into all parts of the Body And Lastly the end to which the Motion of the Blood is consigned The manner of the motion of the vital Liquor The Motion of the vital Liquor is performed by the Diastole and Systole of the Heart the First is rather a Laxament than a Motion wherein its Fibres are relaxed by streams of Blood expanding the cavities of the Heart which being received through numerous Pores into the inward Compage of the fleshy fibres do enlarge their Dimensions and put them upon greater and greater Contractions as they more and more approach the center whereby the Concave surface of the Ventricles grow less and less as they approach nearer and nearer to each other In the Diastole of the distended fibres The Ventricles of the Heart are distended with Blood in the Diastole and emptied by a Systole the Ventricles are dilated with a quantity of Blood filling up their Cavities and in the Systole their concave Perimeter is taken up with fleshy fibres having imbibed innumerable drops of Blood whereupon the inward swelled walls of the Heart being drawn close to each other do squeeze the drops contained in the pores of the Fibres and the greater streams of Blood lately received into the empty spaces of the Ventricles into the neighbouring Arteries to make good the Motion of the Blood As to the manner how the motion of the vital Juyce is managed out of the Cistern of the Heart into the adjacent Sanguiducts The manner how the Motion of the Blood is made in the Blood-Vessels some conceive it to be acted mechanically by a spiral wreathing of the Fibres after the same manner as water is squeezed out of wet Cloaths by a greater and greater winding them round whereby the drops of liquor lodged in the many interstices of the Filaments do quit their Allodgments but it may be proved by Reason and ocular Demonstration that there can be no such straining the Blood by the constriction of the Ventricles of the Heart by the same Organs and the same mechanical action by reason the filaments of the Cloth were laxe before their Contorsion as having many interstices obtaining a repletion by many drops of Water but afterward when the Cloth was variously modelled into divers wreaths the filaments were forced to make many Circumvolutions about the body of the Cloth whereupon the threads were not only lengthened into oblong Gyres but were also lessened in bulk and rendred more tense but the repletion of the Cavities of the Heart with Blood was made in a different manner from that of the Interstices of the Filaments of the Cloth filled with Water in which the Threads require greater Dimensions in length but the Fibres of the Heart are rather contracted according to the nature of all Muscular Fibres and the Cavities of the Heart grow greater in breadth as being expanded by the repletion of Blood and above all the Pores of the Fibres and Cavities of the Ventricles are not emptied by any Contortion as it is made inward in the Filaments of Cloth when the Water is squeezed out of their Interstices
Particles of the Blood being highly enraged do produce a great ebullition of Blood emulating the Fit of a Malignant Fever which was at last discharged by the eruption of numerous Pimples filled with the Serum of the Blood highly precipitated besetting the Cuticula of the whole Body Sometimes the Spirituous parts of the Blood are highly evaporated by poysonous Miasmes wherein the particles of Salt and Sulphur are so highly exalted that the Blood becometh icterical The Blood is coagulated putrefied and the bond of Mixtion highly disordered in malignant Fevers by too great an assation So that it is sometimes hued with Yellow and other times with Black And there are other Poysons of another nature which are more dangerous as destructive to the Compage of the Blood in producing first a Coagulation and afterward Putrefaction So that the Spirits of the Blood being evaporated the equal Mixtion is dissolved and the grosser parts being associated do quit the Serous Particles and the poysonous Miasmes infecting the Blood do cause it to Coagulate somewhat after the manner of Milk mixed with Runnet whereupon the red Crassament is rendred Grumous as well as the Chymous parts whence ariseth the Polypus of the Heart as also Syncopes and Lipothymies c. The way of communicating poysonous steams to the Vital and Animal Liquor in reference to the production of Malignant Epidemical Fevers The way of Infection in Malignant Fevers is from the Air by inspiration wherein many saline and sulphureous Mercurial Arsenical and other Exhalations of the same figure and nature coming from poysonous Minerals of the Earth being confederated and received into the Lungs do mix with the mass of Blood These Effluvia being of a most subtle disposition do insinuate into the Blood sometimes precipitating it by the separation of the Serous Particles from the more thick Purple Liquor and other times making it stagnant in the Vessels and Ventricles of the Heart do generate a coagulation of the Blood producing dreadful symptoms The Malignant Vapours residing in a poysonous Air make impressions more readily in ill masses of Blood full of sulphureous Particles easily breaking out into a feverish flame especially in timorous persons wherein the steams of infected Air are speedily conveyed inward with the Blood into the Chambers of the Heart CHAP. XXIV Of Intermittent Fevers HAving given in some sort a Narrative of Diseases in reference to Petuitous and Bilious Recrements I shall now take the freedom to speak somewhat of the Distempers of a Melancholick Constitution of Blood sprinkling from gross Aliment A melancholy constitution of Blood abounding with earthy parts and fixed Salt which being above measure exalted are productive of an Acid indisposition which being elevated to a great height maketh it degenerate into a Fluor wherein the Saline before espoused to the oily and earthy Particles do suffer a divorce from them So that the bond of Mixtion is in a great part dissolved in the mass of Blood and the Saline parts being not under the controul of the Elements have a kind of absolute power as commanding the Compage of the mass of Blood whereupon the spirituous and sulphureous Particles being much evaporated A Quartan Ague the Saline do exercise a dominion over the rest by inducing an Acor to the whole Mixtum relative to the Blood from whence sometimes proceedeth a Quartan Ague differing in types and periods from the Tertian as having its accession every third day and its continent cause is assigned by the Antients to a Melancholick humor putrefying in the lower apartiment of the Body But I humbly conceive it more reasonable that the origen of a Quartan Ague is in the Vital Liquor The cause of a Quartan Ague whose sweet Balsamick quality is debased into an acide and austere indisposition in which the spirituous and oily parts being much withdrawn the Tartareous consisting of earthy and Salt parts are too much heightned to a Fluor productive of Acid Particles which are carried by the greater Channels of Arteries to the smaller and cause Concussions in the Membrana Carnosa in the beginning of the Paroxysm which when violent are called Rigors when more remiss are termed Horrors and these Convulsive Motions accompany the first rise of the accession and when the heat followeth the Increment of the Fit beginneth and when the unnatural heat arriveth to a height the Fit cometh to a state and when the ebullition of the Blood is abated the declination of the Paroxysm appeareth which terminateth into a plentiful Sweat The reason why the Periods of a Quartan have longer Intervals than those of a Tertian The reason why Quartan Agues have longer intermissions than other Intermittent Fevers is because the distemper of the Blood tending to Acid is more remiss in heat disaffecting the Chyme in a less degree permitting somewhat of Assimilation into Blood and the perverting the other Particles of it do not make so great a disorder as is found in a Tertian So that the Materia Substrata of the Blood being less depraved in a Quartan doth more slowly fill the Vital Liquor with indigested Particles and the Saline Atoms being more moderate in heat require longer time before the peccant Matter is exalted producing an Ebullition in the Heart the continent cause of a Quartan which hath often a most difficult Cure and is long afflictive because it is derived from an Acid Dyscrasie of the Blood which is not easily redressed by Medicines whereas the bilious indisposition consisting in an effervescence of Vital Juyce proceeding from an association of oily Particles is more speedily discharged by a free transpiration but a Melancholick Constitution springing from a depauperated mass of Blood hath its more spirituous Particles retired from it and the saline and earthy parts are too much exalted The Cure of Quartan Agues And therefore Purgatives alone are not available in a Quartan Ague in which the fixed Saline parts of the Blood must be rendred Volatil and the lost sweet Balsamick repaired by Medicines Dulcifying the Acid and by impregnating them with oily spirituous Particles which is of as great moment as difficulty to effect And also in an acid disaffection of the Blood when its laudable portion is over-powered with a too highly exalted Salt it is rendred dispirited productive of a Fluor whence arise the great variety of Scorbutick diseases abounding in numerous symptoms Emulating divers Distempers proceeding also from concreted saline Particles transmitted from the mass of Blood and vitiating the Nervous Liquor whence is propagated a prodigious off-spring of Chronick diseases as the Strumae Rheumatisms Gouts Scabs Scurf Cancers Leprosies and the like CHAP. XXV The Cures of Intermittent Fevers THe diseases of the Blood afflicting the Heart being Intermittent Continued and Malignant Fevers I will now having heretofore discoursed their Causes propound some short means of their Cures derived from several Indications As to the most urgent and chief Indication That the great
begin with Broth new laid Eggs poched and afterward to eat Fish easie of digestion before the free eating of Flesh A Malignant Fever proceedeth from Air infected with poysonous steams whereupon the mixtion of the Blood is dissolved and the various Elements severed from their intimate union and the Purple Liquor Concreted and the more serous Precipitated and the Animal Juice vitiated which is accompanied with a great difficulty of breathing a Delirium Convulsive Motions Vomitings universal Horrors tremblings of the whole Body Syncopes Lipothymies vid. greater or less fainting Fits c. This Fever is called Malignant or Pestilential by reason of its venenate nature in which it resembleth the operation of Poyson taken into the body which produceth the same symptoms and is akin to this Fever in the types and periods of its Paroxysms Of this case I will give you a most remarkable instance of a Patient of mine basely poysoned by a Servants Mother contrary to all duty and gratitude putting a quantity of Powder of Arsenick into Coffee-water A Knight of the Bath An instance of a Gentleman Poysoned which had the same types and periods with a Malignant Fever a Person of great Fortune Vertue and Honour about eleven a Clock the Third day of October 1676. drunk two dishes of Coffee and immediately Vomited with great violence and so continued about ten hours in which he conceived he vomited thirty times which was accompanied many hours inwardly with a great heat and thirst with an universal horror or coldness affecting the whole surface of the body which was acted with general Convulsive motions of the Muscles and trembling of the Nerves and Tendons whereupon his strength was so dejected in a very few hours that his Legs could not support him and his Pulse grew quick weak and sometimes intermitting he laboured also with a great difficulty of breathing which was now and then for some short time intercepted and then returned again he was also afflicted with a high Flatus distending his Stomach and Guts productive of great tensive pains These symptoms or some of them at least affected him from the taking of the Coffee till Wednesday at noon and then had some alleviation till about two on Thursday morning and then many of the former accidents returned much aping a Malignant Fever and afflicted him till about eleven a Clock on the same day and then had ease all the afternoon and fore part of the night till two the next morning and then the Fever and symptoms were renewed and held him till about eleven the same day so that this Malignant Disease and symptoms lasted at first for two days and nights and afterward lasted but nine or ten hours in Four and twenty for six or seven days more and upon the application of proper Cordials and great Doses of Oriental Bezoar he had free Sweats for five or six days together which brought out an innumerous company of Pimples full of Serous Liquor besetting the whole surface of the Skin which spake a period to the Disease to the Glory of God and the Joy of his Physician and Friends CHAP. XXVII Of the Diseases of the Heart and their Cures HAving done with the various kinds of Fevers I will now with your permission Treat of other Diseases relating to the Heart The cause of an inflammation of the Heart beginning with an Inflamation which proceedeth from a quantity or from thickness of Blood impelled out of the beginning of the Aorta into the Coronary Artery and out of the terminations of its Capillaries is transmitted into the empty spaces of the Vessels appertaining to the fleshy Fibres of the Heart where it groweth Stagnated as not being in a capacity to be received into the minute Origens of the Coronary Veins whereupon it being some time extravasated in the carnous Fibres of the Heart doth gain an unnatural Effervescence highly discomposing the Motion of the Fibres in order to make good a due Systole of the Heart whereupon ensueth an Intermittent Pulse flowing from an exuberant quantity of Blood lodged in the Ventricles as not able to be discharged by the contraction of the weakned inflamed and tumefied carnous Fibres which produce Lypothymies Syncopes and palpitations of the Heart If the Blood be long extravasated in the fleshy Fibres of the Heart it loseth its Native bounty as wanting intestine and local Motions and degenerates into a corrupted condition whence ariseth an Abscess An abscess of the Heart derived from a collection of Matter lodged in the empty spaces of the Vessels belonging to the carnous Fibres of the Heart which being Corroded by the Acrimonious Particles of the Pus do discharge it into the more enlarged Cavity of either Ventricle whereupon an Abscess becometh an Ulcer An Ulcer of the Heart which is a Flux of Pus or sanious Matter out of the substance into some Cavity of the inward parts or thrown out of the Confines of the Body by the corruption and perforation of the Cutis and Cuticula An instance may be given of an Ulcer of the Heart flowing from an Inflammation and Abscess in a Citizen An Instance of the Ulcer of the Heart afflicted with the deadly symptomes of a Fever Lypothymies Syncopes c. and the Thorax and Ventricles of his Heart being opened were found to be filled with thin stinking sanious Matter To prevent this fatal stroke The Cure of an Inflammation caused by Abscesses and Ulcers of the Heart the only way is timely to take off the Inflammation before the Disease getteth too great a Head which is done by free and repeated Bleeding in a plethorick Constitution which emptieth the Coronary Vein into the Vena Cava and Right Ventricle whereby the Coronary Blood-Vessels may be in some degree emptied and the Stagnancy of the Blood in the Interstices of the Vessels taken away by the reception of it into the extremities of the Vein As to the Fever cooling and opening Apozemes The Cure of a Fever relating to an Inflammation of the Heart mixed with gentle Diureticks are very proper which do cool and attenuate the hot and gross Blood and take off its aptness to Stagnate by promoting it s more dull Motion As to Syncopes and Lypothymies attending Inflammations of the Heart Pearl Emulsions are very advantageous adding to each Dose many drops of Spirit of Hartshorn of Salt Armoniack succinated Compound Spirit of Lavender Spirit of Saffron c. The Ventricles of the Heart are liable to many Obstructions The obstructions of the Ventricles of the Heart proceeding from divers causes proceeding from variety of Matter sometimes with Stones produced by a Lapidescent quality of the Blood turning the Tartar of it composed of many Saline and some earthy Particles into a hard stony substance lodged in the Chamber of the Heart whereupon the contracted Fibres cannot perfectly close with each other to squeeze the Blood out of the Right Ventricle into the pulmonary Artery and
enlarged by the accretions of new Fibres and Saline Particles of crude Blood Most ingenious Malpighius proveth this Hypothesis by a remarkable instance communicated to him by Learned Borellus Ait ille in hujus confirmationem licebit his exarare mirabilem Polypi structuram magnitudinem Florentiae in sene sexagesimum quartum annum agente inopinatò defuncto observatum à Doctissimo viro Jo. Alphonso Borello mihi humanissime Communicatam In Aorta prope Cor quae in tumorem excreverat ad mensuram duorum pugnorum Polypus consimilis magnitudinis repertus est absque appendicibus Caudis ejus autem moles membranosis tunicis ad invicem super impositis absque Continuitate consurgebat quae crassitie non superabant vulgarem chartam haedinam super his producebantur filamenta quaedam alba quae foliorum fibras seu vasa aemulabantur quae omnia ab albidiori trunco dependebant Tunicarum Polypum efformantium color cinereus erat cum rubicundis quibusdam maculis ita ut tota haec structura brassicam capitatam aemularetur Out of this History it may be clearly inferred that the production of a Polypus is made of many Filmes seated one above another whose Interstices being kept open by an interceding current of Blood do somewhat resemble the Leaves of Plants as the Membranes of the Polypus are composed of divers united Filaments not unlike the Fibres branched through the foliage of Trees Some do entertain themselves with an opinion that the Membranes of the Polypus hath divarications of Blood-Vessels which may seem somewhat probable by reason the small streams of Blood may be confined within the united Fibres as within so many Tubes or Vessels and after this manner Vessels may be formed in the Colliquaments of Seed in the Vterus of Animals and in false Conceptions and in the ascititious Glands and all other fleshy excrescences This Disease when it hath arrived a height A Polypus when it cometh to a hight is incurable is incurable as obstructing the greater Trunks of Blood-Vessels and the Ventricles of the Heart whereupon the current of Blood is intercepted the fore-runner of death so that a Polypus admitteth no curatory indication as the Disease is mortal and therefore it concerneth the Professors of Physick to be careful to prevent this fatal malady in a timely taking away the cause consisting in a gross mass of Blood made up of over-fibrous Particles productive of a Polypus whose preservatory indication denoteth in reference to the procatartick Cause a Serene Air Diet easy of Digestion and moderate exercise and in relation to the antecedent cause Antiscorbutick Diuretick and Chalybeat Medicines and chiefly Turnebridg Knawsborough and the German Spaw Waters which put the Blood into a kindly Fermentation in attenuating its grossness by a due precolation from bilious recrements in the Hepatick Glands and from fixed Salt a main cause of Concoction in a Polypus in the Glands of the Kidneys In the beginning of this Disease In the beginning to prevent a Polypus Purging and Bleeding is good Bleeding and Purging will speak a great advantage to the Patient by taking away the gross Faeculencies of the Blood and by promoting its circulation through the greater and less Tubes of Blood-Vessels and through the more enlarged Cisterns of the Heart in which the Disease is principally seated CHAP. XXVIII Of the Hearts of great Animals THe Heart of other more perfect Animals have much conformity with that of Man in relation to Situation Connexion Figure The Heart of great Animals are much akin to that of Man and Substance The Hearts of greater and less Beasts The situation of the Hearts of other Animals are conceived to be lodged about the middle of the Thorax which must be meant of their Bases and not of their Cones as somewhat inclining toward the Left Side and the Hearts of Brutes have their Situation much nearer the middle of the Breast then that of Mans. The Hearts of other Animals as well as Mans The Connection of the Hearts of Animals The Figure of their Hearts are Connected to the Back by the Trunks of the Vena Cava and Arteria Magna The Hearts of more perfect Animals are endued with a round pyramidal Figure and Cetaceous Fish with a flattish pyramidal shape And these of most Animals have a Compage encircled with a thin Membrane and made up of variety of Vessels and many ranks of fleshy Fibres interspersed with tendinous and nervous Fibrils conjoyned to each other by the interposition of strong ligaments and carnous Branches that they may not be divided but assist each other in joynt Contractions in the Systole of the Heart Learned Thomas Bartholine giveth an account The contexture of Nerve about the Cone of the Heart belonging to a Hog that he discovered in a Hog an elegant contexture of Nerves about the Cone of the Left Ventricle corroborating the fleshy walls of the Heart and further discerned many perforations about the bigness of a Brisle which passed quite through the Septum of the Heart from the Right to the Left Ventricle where he found a Membrane covering the holes to intercept the regress of any Liquor from the Left to the Right Chamber of the Heart The Heart of a Pig being opened The Left Ventricle of a Pig the Left Ventricle may be discovered to be adorned with various ranks of carnous Fibres enwrapping each other as also the mitral Valves †T. 15. F. a a. encircling the Orifice of the pulmonary Veine The carnous Columns †b b b. of this Ventricle are more small and numerous then those of greater Animals and have many Ligaments †d d d. arising out of the tops of these Columns implanted into the mitral Valves These Columns have many Ligaments †c c c. seated near their small Extremities fastning them to each other The Heart of a Lion is bigger then that of other Animals †e e e. according to the proportion of his Body The Heart of a Lion And hath a very hard and firm Compage as Learned Borichius affirmeth endued with a thick wall in the Right Ventricle and may be observed in a Dissected Lion the Septum to be extended the whole length of the Heart and not to exceed Paper in thickness and both Ventricles to be stuffed with a glutinous Polypose Matter and one Valve only to be set before the beginning of the Aorta The Heart of a Land Tortoise resembleth Fish in its Figure The Heart of a Tortoise as tricuspidal and also in one Ventricle and Auricle which is very eminent in this Animal and being blown up is threefold as big as the body of the Heart and is hued with a Blackish colour and the Heart with Red. A Camels Heart is wonderful The Heart of a Camel in reference to its dimensions as being Nineteen transverse Fingers in length and Seven in breadth and is adored with a very acute Cone
Assimilation into the substance of the Body CHAP. LVII Of a Cough and Consumption and their Cures IN thin distillations Linctus made of Syrup of Jujubes Coltsfoot The Cure of thin Distillations dried Roses mixed with powder of Gum-Tragacanth Arabick are very profitable In great Catarrhs flowing from hot thin recrements of the Blood incrassating Pectorals mixed with Syrup of Red Poppy de Meconio and drops of liquid Laudanum Cydoniatum are proper which do thicken the thin acide Humors and hinder distillations and in this case Balsome of Peru and Tolu are very beneficial As also Tablets of Red Roses prepared with Diacodium and Trochisces prepared with Extracts of Liquorice and Sulphur which do restore the loose Compage of Blood to its due tone and preserve it from superabundant serous Recrements flowing in too great fusion As to the Second Indication Gentle Purgatives mixed with Pectorals as proper in Coughs in reference to discharge the Recrements of the Blood fitted for Secretion gentle Purgatives of Manna Syrup of Peach-Flowers added to pectoral Decoctions prepared with Senna may be administred and afterward Diureticks made with Roots of Dogs-grass wild Asparagus Bruscus Leaves of Golden-rod with the cooling Seeds and Millepedes boiled in water to which when strained a little White-wine and Syrup of the Five opening Roots may be added In this case also testaceous Powders of Crabs-Eies and Claws of Pearl Coral c. may be given which take off the acidity of the Blood and promote Sweats which are proper in the beginning of a Cough when Bleeding and Purging have been celebrated The Third Indication is satisfied in corroborating the Lungs Corroborated Medicines are good in Laxe Lungs by shutting up the too much opened Pores of the Bronchia and their Sinus whereby their loose Compage is rendred more firm by pectoral Medicines mixed with gentle astringents made of the Roots of Tormentil Cumphrey Daysies mingled with the Leaves of Bugles Prunel c. boiled in Barley water and after straining it may be sweetned with Syrup of dried Roses Coral c. These and the like Medicines strengthen the weak frame of the Lungs and hinder the motion of hot thin recrements of Blood by Incrassation which is also effected by Linctus prepared with Syrup of Field-Poppy dried Roses de Meconio mixed with the species of cold Diatragacanth to which may be added some drops of Laudanum liquidum an excellent Medicine in Distillations falling into the Air-vessels which are generated by thin hot or acide Recrements of the Blood Before I Treat of the Cure of a Consumption The causes of a Cough I shall endeavour to speak more fully of a Cough and particularly of the Chincough of Children Coughs as I humbly conceive proceed chiefly from gross Phlegme which is crude Chyme running confused with the Blood and is transmitted through the more loose Compage of the Bronchia and their annexed Sinus into their Cavities by the terminations of the Bronchial and pulmonary Arteries or else the Blood growing sower like Milk as Dr. Willis phrazeth it doth quit its native sweet Ingeny and its serous parts are brought into a Fluor by exalted saline Particles whereupon the acide Recrements being thin and Fluide do easily insinuate themselves through the pores of the Air-vessels into their Cavities so that their membranous substance composed of numerous nervous Fibrils finely interwoven is very sensible of the burden of Recrements lodged in their bosom and do contract their Right fleshy Fibres drawing the annular Cartilages of the Bronchia closer to each other and do move their circular carnous Fibres inward thereby narrowing the Cavities of the Cylinders of Air with a strong impulse of Breath in Expiration whereby the Faeces of the Blood oppressing the Bronchia are violently ejected into the Mouth Another kind of Cough Of a Chin-cough with Convulsive motions called vulgarly the Chin Cough afflicteth Children with severe repeated Fits in which they are acted with Convulsive motions producing a great difficulty of Breathing even almost to Suffocation interrupting suspending or perverting the choice Oeconomy of Nature in the acts of Respiration and for the most part the Midriffe is Convulsed either of it self or by the agitation of the adjacent parts so that it seemeth to lose its motion in extraordinary pauses either by intermitting sometimes its Systole and other times its Diastole for too great a space beside the order of Nature so that the acts of Respiration seem now and then to cease and other times to be disorderly as performed in a Convulsive manner The continent cause of the Chincough is most sharp The continent cause of a Chincough and almost a continued irritation of the Bronchia of the Lungs from thin sharp recrements of the Blood producing many repeated Contractions of the fleshy Fibres to discharge the load lodged within the many Concave surfaces of the Pipes The matter of the Chincough seemeth to be a quantity of thin sharp recrements of the Blood perpetually distilling out of the terminations of the Arteries into the Cavities of the Bronchia and uncessantly provoking the nervous and fleshy Fibres of the Lungs to expel the Acide Faeces of the Blood having a great recourse to them And I humbly conceive The cause of Convulsive motions in a Chincough the cause of the Convulsive motions of the nervous Fibrils in the Chincough to be an ill nervous Liquor full of Elastick parts derived from the Brain and communicated to the nervous Fibrils of the Bronchia Therefore in this Disease not only the recrements of the Blood as in other Coughs but the depraved nervous Liquor is to be amended also which produceth Convulsive agitations of the machines of motion in the Breast In this case Moss of the pale and other Moss in divers preparations is often given sometimes it is powdered and mixed with Sugar-Candy and taken in some proper pectoral Decoction or simple Waters of Hysop Ooltsfoot Powder of Moss is also mingled with Milk of Sulphur and used in the said Vehicles as also boiled in Milk Moss in reference to its taste seemeth to be endued with an astringent quality whereby it shutteth up the too much dilated pores of the Bronchia and annexed membranous Cells and restraineth the Flux of thin and hot Recrements of the Blood into the Cavities of the Air-pipes Sometimes a gentle Vomitory of Oxymel of Squills proveth very successful in the Chincough as also Syrup of Peach-Flowers mingled with Simple or some Compound Briony-water is of great benefit Decoctions of Sarza-parilla and China may be taken Diet-drinks are proper in this Disease instead of Beer for an ordinary Drink as boiled in Water with Raisons of the Sun and a little Liquorice Blood letting is good in a Cough relating to a plethorick Constitution of body infused a moment or two Children endued with plethorick Constitutions as abounding with great store of Blood will admit of Bleeding to two or three Ounces with
Adnata whereupon proceedeth a stagnation of Blood in the Interstices of the Vessels belonging to the White of the Eye so that it is first hued with Red and afterward with a blewish colour As to the Cure of this Disease if the Eye be rendred highly Blood-shed in a Body abounding with Blood and full of Humors Purging and Blood-letting are very proper And then Topicks may be duly applied consisting of gentle discutient and astringent Medicines made of Water of Strawberries Red Roses Honey Socles Woodbine Plantain and Myrtles c. CHAP. XII Of the Diseases of the Cornea and their Cures THe Cornea is made of a Horney Diaphanous substance for the defence of and constitution of the lucid Orb of the Eye which else would not be receptive of the visible Images of things as encircled with Rays of Light The Eye more or less loseth its transparency The disaffection of the Transparency of the Eye and its causes as the Cornea is obscured with greater or less degrees of incrassation whereby the Tunicle groweth thick in old Persons caused by overmuch driness which is incurable The Cornea also is rendred opace when it is clouded by overgross Humors impacted into it which often happens in an Opthalmia and is sometimes produced by high resolving Medicines which breath out the more thin parts of the Recrements setled in the Cornea and leave the more gross behind it is also generated by gross Humors flowing out of the Termination of the Arteries and stagnated in the substance of the Cornea whereupon the Sight is lost or lessened as the Cornea is infested with greater or less incrassation of Humors called by the Latines Albugo And the Cornea is not only incrassated with gross Recrements but is divested of its Transparency as hued with strange Colours and sometimes it is coated with Redness when the Blood is lodged in the empty spaces of the Vessels as in Sugillation wherein the Eye is rendred Blood-shed and then the Object represented to the Eye seemeth to be vailed with Red and sometimes with Yellow in a Jaundy wherein the bilious Recrements spued out of the terminations of the Arteries do tinge the Cornea If the clearness of the Cornea be fouled by pituitous Recrements it may seem reasonable to use Purgatives first and afterward to apply Topicks when the Blood is refined which is insinuated by the extremities of Capillary Carotide Arteries into the substance of the Cornea When universal Evacuations have been advised Cures of an Albugo a Decoction may be made of Mallows Calaminth Eye-bright Line-seed Faenugreek-seed with the Flowers of Melilote of which the warm Steams may be received into the disaffected Eye Morning and Evening Learned Amatus Lusitanus giveth an account that he Cured an Albugo with Decoctions of Sarzaparilla taken twenty days in the Interim he advised a destilled Water to be instilled into the Eye made of Honey immediately after it was taken out of the Comb and with the Flowers of Eye-bright Elder and Sugar-Candy destilled in Milk in B. M. The Seeds of Clary finely searsed and applied in this case prove very beneficial to clear up the Eyes when darkened with gross Humors Juice of Fennel mixed with a few drops of Balsam of Peru is of great efficacy in this case as also Oyl of Burnt Linnen quenched between two Pewter Dishes and mixed with a Boy 's Spittle is very successful in a Cure of this Disease as to a farther Cure I refer you to the Materia Medica propounded in the suffusion of the Eyes The Cornea is also liable to small Tumors somewhat like the Seeds of Millet called by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Tumors of the Cornea and their Cures arising from thin sharp Recrements destilling out of the Extremities of the Carotide Arteries into the empty spaces of the minute Vessels lodged in the Cornea whereupon its Tunicle groweth distended in many places producing various little Swellings The Cure of these Pustles is performed after the same methods as hath been advised in an Opthalmia Aetius commends the White of an Egg and the Yolk beaten up with a little Sugar and Saffron which may be administred to the Eye in the beginning of the Disease as also a Quince boiled in Water and mixed with Oyntment of Roses or a Mucilage of the Seeds of Psyllium and Quinces extracted in Red Rose-water In the increase of the Disease resolving Medicines may be used as a Decoction of the Flowers of Chamaemel Melilote mixed with the Seeds of Flax and Faenugreek Eye-waters made by destillation of the Leaves of Vervain Rue Salendine the Great Red Rose Leave in Milk may be instilled into the disaffected Eye Waters of Eye-bright and Red Roses mixed with a little Tutty and Trochisci Alb. Rasis sine opio and with White Vitriol in few Grains have proved successful in this Disease The Cornea is not only liable to little Swellings The Ulcers of the Cornea but Ulcers too which have had divers appellatives among the Greeks as they are superficial or more deep in the said Tunicle in which an Ulcer is known as being the consequent of a white Tumor appearing in the Black of the Eye and proceedeth often from Contusion whereby the Blood is imparted to the substance of the Cornea out of the Lacerated Carotide Arteries other times it is produced by over-sharp Medicines applied to the Eyes and chiefly from Salt sharp and serous Recrements of the Blood corroding and exulcerating the substance of the Cornea As to the Cure of an Ulcer of the Cornea Purging Medicines may be advised as also Bleeding in a Sanguine Constitution and then Defensatives may be administred to the Forehead consisting of Astringents which do check the flux of Humors into the parts affected The Indications The Cure of the Ulcers of the Cornea are the same with other Ulcers and consist of milde detergent drying and consolidating Medicines of Tutty Red Coral Aloes Sarcocol nourished in Milk which may be put into a Linnen Cloth and hung in Eye-bright Fennel or Salendine Water and after they have been sometime infused and strained a few drops of the Water may be instilled into the Eye as also Hydromel and Syrup of dried Roses being of a cleansing drying quality may be of good use in this case When the Ulcer is cleansed Sief de plumbo Rasis may be given in any convenient destilled Waters of Salendine the Great Eye-bright Fennel or Roses as also Saccharum or Oleum Saturni may be of great use in this case Or let a Liniment be made of Red Coral Prepared Burnt Harts-Horn Prepared Ceruss washed and a few Grains of Crude Antimony and Honey of Roses strained A Collyrium may also be prepared with burnt Lead washed Tutty Prepared Gum of Tragacanth infused in Eye-water Another Disease to which the Cornea is obnoxious is a Rupture A Rupture of the Cornea which is made downward when the Pus following an Inflammation is accumulated in the
fore-part and Pupil of the Eye The Cristalline Humor 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or ill colour of the Cristalline Humor as losing its native constitution is liable to diverse Diseases amongst which the First may be called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 when the Cristalline Liquor quitteth its innate disposition and groweth somewhat Opace in being turned Greyish or Blewish whereupon it is not duely receptive of the visible Images of things The cause of this Disease is The cause of a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 when the Cristalline Humor is somewhat dryed and condensed in old age which is incurable this Disease may be discerned by reason a kind of Whiteness appeareth deep in the Eye through which the Objects are represented to the Retina as through a Cloud or Smoak A cause of another Disease relating to the Cristalline Humor may be the ill situation of it when the anterior Region somewhat resembling the Figure of a large Lentil is not seated directly opposite to the Pupil but is too much elevated or depressed but if one Eye hath the Cristalline Humor duly seated and the other unduly all Objects appear double but if both the Eyes have one kind of ill situation they only dull the Sight without any gemination of the Object The ill placing of the Cristalline Humor may proceed from some violent motion of a stroke or fall or from the Birth by an ill Conformation of the part If the Cristalline Humor be divided by some ill accident the Objects are represented double in some sort resembling a Looking-Glass broken into diverse parts which give many Reflections of the same Object according to the various pieces of Glass The vitreous Humor of the Eye may recede from its due transparency The grossness of the vitreous Humor as well as the Cristalline when it loseth its Purity as fouled by some gross Recrements Whereupon the visible species cannot be conveyed through it with cleareness to make due Appulses upon the Retina so that the Sight is more or less darkned as the vitreous Humor groweth more or less opace The undue situation of the vitreous Humor very much incommodes the Sight when it is not directly placed against the Pupil CHAP. XVI Of the Diseases of the Optick Nerves and the Retina and their Cures THe chief Diseases afflicting the Eye by reason of the Optick Nerves is called by the Latines Gutta Serena by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A Gutta Serena when the Sight is abolished without any manifest disaffection infesting the Eye which is produced by many Causes The First cause of a Gutta Serena The First may be an Obstruction flowing from a gross Nervous Liquor not received into the Origen of the Nerves seated in the Cortex of the Brain whereupon the animal Spirits are intercepted in their passage into the Retina so that the Appulses of visible Objects cannot be discerned The Second Cause of a Gutta Serena may be derived from Compression The Second cause of it wherein stagnated Blood or gross chymous Humors or Pus in an Aposteme may compress the Extremities of the Nervous Fibres placed in the Cortex of the Brain whence the current of the Animal Liquor and Spirits are stopped in their progress through the Optick Nerves into the seat of Vision A Third Cause of the Gutta Serena may be fetched from the laceration of the carotide Arteries inserted into the Cortex The Third cause which is overcharged with Blood compressing the beginning of the Nerves seated in the ambient parts of the Brain A Fourth Cause may proceed from the Convulsive motions of the Origen of the nervous Fibrils hindring the influx of the animal Liquor and Spirits into the Retina the subject of Vision And the disaffection of the Nerves The optick Nerves may be a Fourth cause is not only the cause of a Gutta Serena but the animal Spirits too which ought to be Serene and not mixed with gross and dark Vapours which spoil the clearness of the animal Liquor and do destroy or at least lessen the Sight Another Cause of the Gutta Serena may be derived from the inordinate motion of the animal Spirits A Fifth cause of a Gutta Serena is an irregular motion of the Animal Spirits not being capable to be received into the Origens of the Nerves seated in the Cortex of the Brain whereby the Sight is either lessened or abolished as it is very conspicuous in vertiginous dispositions of the Brain Sometimes a Gutta Serena hath happened upon the taking of a violent Vomitory or Purge highly agitating the nervous Liquor and Blood affected with gross Chyme whereupon the Origens of the Nerves are sometimes compressed and other times obstructed hindring the progress of the animal Liquor and Spirits into the Nerves The Cure of this Disease is performed by Purging Medicines The cure of a Gutta Serena discharging the gross Humors setled about the beginning of the Nervous Fibrils afterward in Plethorick Bodies Bleeding may be prescribed which proveth often very effectual in the removal of a Gutta Serena Apozemes also made of the Flowers of Betony Rosemary Sage Lavender Lime Lilly of the Valley mixed with the Leaves of Eye-bright Salendine the great Mountain-Sage and after the Decoction is made Millepedes may be infused which do open the obstruction of the optick Nerves and clear up the animal Spirits and refine the gross nervous Liquor Also Friction of the outward parts may be beneficial to thin the Blood and make good its circulation to hinder its stagnancy in the Cortex about the Origens of the Nerves and to this end Cupping-Glasses may be applyed to the Back Shoulders and Neck Blistering Plaisters may be used between the Shoulders and to the hinder part and sides of the Neck to draw off the Humors from setling in the ambient parts of the Brain where the extremities of the nervous Fibrils are seated Cauticks applied to the hinder part of the Neck do often divert the offensive Matter of the Gutta Serena from the Head or in their place a Setaceum may be administred which is of great use in this Disease Diet-drinks made of Sarza-parilla Guaicum Sassafras mixed with specificks for the Eyes often prove very advantageous as they provoke Sweat and discharge ill Humors offensiveto the Nerves animal Spirits and Liquor Electuaries made of Conserve of Roses Flowers of Betony Lime Lilly of the Valley Condite Mirabolans Powder of Eyebright Salendine the great Vervain and that of Millepedes mixed and made up with Syrup of Lime-Flowers or Lillys of the Valley may be taken three times a day drinking after it a draught of a cephalick Apozeme To corroborate the Brain and Eyes after other Medicines have been premised Cephalick Powders may be sprinkled upon the Hair as also Fumes of the same nature may be received into the Nostrils and Caps made of Cophalicks and Spices may be very useful in a Gutta Serena The Retina or Retiform Tunicle
sometimes determining in an Apoplexy I saw a Brewers Man upon a great blow of his Head oppressed with a great Lethargy and Fever An Observation upon this case which ended in an Apoplexy after some few hours and the Scalpe being taken off a great Fracture appeared having pierced both Tables of the Skull which being taken off a quantity of Blood was discerned to be lodged upon the Dura mater which compressed the Blood-vessels and hindred the motion of the Blood into the Cortex and produced the Lethargy ending in an Apoplexy A Gentleman receiving a wound in his Eye by a Tobacco-pipe which forthwith entred into the substance of the Brain producing a great Sopor ending in death Afterward the Brain being opened a wound was discovered in it near the Eye oppressing it with extravasated Blood which sometimes suppurates and corrupts the substance of the Brain generating first a Lethargy and then an Apoplexy Having given a short History of the Nature The Sleepy Diseases being akin in their causes are much alike in Cures too and causes of Sleepy Diseases it may be now pertinent to speak somewhat of their Cures which are very much alike as they hold great affinity one with another And I will begin with an Apoplexy as the highest of sleepy affections in reference to the preservatory indication or to its Fit which often proceedeth from a quantity of Blood and its intercepted motion caused either by the grossness of Blood or Compression produced by the Tumor of the adjacent parts which do all Indicate a free mission of Blood out of the jugular Veins or out of the Arm which may be again and again repeated in a plethorick Body And Clysters may be administred prepared with Emollients and Discutients to which may be added the leaves of Rue Species Hierae the lenitive Electuary c. Vomits may be given Vomitories Cupping-Glasseâ— Vesicatoâ—ies prepared with Salt of Vitriol in compound Walnut-water Oxymel of Squills or infusion of Crocus metallorum taking often free draughts of Posset-drink between the vomiting Cupping-glasses may be applied to the Shoulders and Neck and to the top of the Head according to Fracastorius As also blistering Plaisters made large and strong may be used and affixed between the Shoulders and to the Neck and the inside of the Arms near the Axillaries Strong Purgatives may be given in this Disease Strong Purgatives are also very proper in this Disease prepared with Amber Cochiae minores Extract Rud. Faetid M. quickened with some grains of Trochisc of Alhandal or Diagridium Julapes may be given made up of Distilled Water of Lilly of the Valley Julapes Lime Flowers Rue compound Paeony Compound Briony Spirit of Lavender to which may be added some drops of Spirit of Hartshorn Spirit of Smoke Castor Salt Armoniack succinated c. As also gross Powders prepared with Amber Castor Galbanum Asa faetida Suffum gations c. may be thrown upon Embers and the Fumes received into the Nostrils and the Temples and Nostrils may be anointed with Oil of Amber Ointments Spirit of Castor apoplectick Balsome to which may be added some drops of Salt Armoniack succinated The top of the Head being shaved may be annointed about the Coronal and Sagittal Suture with Oil of Amber Spirit of Lavender c. and a hot Frying-pan may be held near the Head to warm it and the Oil and Spirits that they may have the greater influence upon the Brain And in desperate Apoplectick Fits a Red hot Iron may be held near the Coronal Suture and Occiput that its heat and pain may reduce the Patient to Sense Or a strong Blistering Plaister applied to the coronal Suture which is more safe and less troublesome And the Body being universally purged by proper Medicines given with Cephalicks particular Evacuations may be advised Whereupon the excretory vessels of the Tongue and Palate Gargarismes or Apophelmatismes may be opened by Gargarismes that the Oral Glands may discharge the Recrements of the Blood and sollicite its motion by opening the terminations of the Carotide Arteries inserted into the substance of the Oral Glands To this end roots of Pellitory boiled in simple Oxymel to which some Castor may be added and Mustard-seed powdered and mixed with Honey or else boiled in strong White-wine may be applied to the Palate Sternutatory Powders may prove very beneficial in this Disease Sternutatories made of Majoram Seeds of Nigella Pepper Castor to which may be added some grains of White Ellebore and Pellitory Fumes also may be received into the Nostrils coming from Vinegar prepared with the Seed of Nigella Rue and Castor thrown upon a Red hot Iron As also shavings of Hartshorn and the Clawe of an Elke or Feathers or Hair of a Goat cast upon Embers and held under the Nostrils have great efficacy to remove a deep Sleep and comfort the Brain which is the nature of all Faetids Frictions of the soles of the Feet with Vinegar and Salt Frictions with Hands anointed with Oil of Rue Spirit of Castor c. speak great advantage in Fits of an Apoplexy The Head may be bathed with Vinegar Fomentations in which the Berries of Bays and Juniper the Roots of Angelica Imperatoria and the leaves of Betony Rue Sage Rosemary Majoram Winter-Savory the Flowers of Lavender Sage Betony Rosemary Paeony c. After the Fomentation a Sacculus may be applied to the Head A Sacculus made of the Spices of Nutmegs Cloves Mace Cubebs and the Flowers of Betony Sage Majoram Rosemary c. A preservatory method of Physick may be advised to persons that have escaped one or Two Apoplectick Fits as subject to them In this case purging Medicines may be advised of Senna Agarick Rubarb Flowers of Paeony Sage Rosemary c. infused in Distilled Waters of Flower of Lime Paeony mixed with a little White-wine to which being strained may be added Syrup of Buckthorn Peach-flowers and Syrup of Roses solutive Bleeding proper in this course Afterward Bleeding may be freely celebrated which by lessening of the quantity of Blood and by making good its circulation doth prevent Inflammations Abscesses Ulcers of the Brain proceeding from the stagnation of Blood Vomitories may be given after Purgatives Fontanels the great cause of an Apoplexy When a Purgative hath been celebrated Vomitories may be administred made with some proper Emetick Afterward Two large Fontanels may be made between the Shoulders to divert and discharge some ill Humors Electuaries having recourse to the Head to prevent the Apoplectick Fit in order to it an Electuary may be advised prepared with Conserves of Lime-Flowers Lilly of the Valley Paeony the Powders of Amber Castor Pearl Coral and Humane Skull the Seeds of Paeony Apozemes and Goats-Rue made up with the Syrup of Lime-Flowers After which a draught of an Apozeme may be taken prepared with the Flowers of Betony Sage Rosemary Lavender and with Viscus Quercinum or
antecedâ—nt cause it indicates the depuration of the Blood by making it good clear and volatil by taking away its gross sulphureous and saline Particles whis is effected by opening the obstructions of the Liver Spleen Kidneys and Uterus whose various substance are different Systemes of numerous Glands the several Colatories of the Blood And as to the discomposure of the Mind having great influence upon the Vital and Animal Liquor and Spirits we are to divert the passions of Sorrow and Fear attended with Cares and deep Thoughts with pleasant company and ingenious and merry Discourses and Thoughts by rendring them free and easy and by telling the Patient the causes of his dreadful apprehensions are removed wherupon the Melancholy immediately disappears Trallianus giveth an account of a Physician who fancied his Head to be cut off whereupon a Leaden Cap being ordered to be put upon his Head he felt the weight of the Lead which gave him the Sense of his Head and cured his vain fancy Another Patient imagined he had Frogs croking in his Belly which was the noise of Wind passing up and down his Bowels and was cured by Purgatives making great evacuations of Excrements into a Close stool wherein the Physician advised Frogs to be cast and desired the Patient to view the Frogs swimming in the Excrements which took away his melancholy apprehension of Frogs in his Belly I could add many more such instances of this Disease and their Cures but I will omit the trouble And the cause of this Disease being an ill mass of Blood clogged with gross A good Diet is proper for the cure of this Disease adust and saline Recrements a good Diet may be advised to render it laudable as Meats of good nourishment of a moist temper of a thin substance and easy digestion and not flatulent as the flesh of Chickens Pullets Capons Partridges Lamb Mutton Veal c. Of Fish Whitings Perch Flounders Gudgeons and of new laid Eggs boiled or roasted rear Of Herbs Borage Bugloss Lettuce Endive Spinach Of Fruits Figs Almonds Pineae Pistachia Corants As also in this Disease Suppings are beneficial as endued with a cooling and moist temper which do contemperate and moisten and dissolve sulphureous and saline Recrements such as Water-gruel Barley-gruel Barley-cream thin Broths made with Oatmeal Barley and cooling and moistning Herbs And on the other side All salt and smoked Meats is bad in melancholy distempers all gross Salt and smoaked Flesh must be forborn as Beef Pork Goat Hare And of Fowls chiefly Geese Ducks Of Fish Salmon Skaite Thornback Sturgeon and all other gross Fish hard of digestion And of Herbs Cabbage Coleworts Colly-Flowers and the like And above all a thin and temperate Air is to be chosen which attenuates cooleth and moisteneth the Blood and taketh off its dry saline and hot and gross sulphureous Particles and restoreth it to its bounty and purity The cure of Melancholy is of as great difficulty as importance The cure of Melancholy is very difficult in reference to its many evident procatartick and continent causes attended with many and dreadful symptomes whereupon the remedies and method of Physick do admit great variation The evident causes consisting in the passions of the Mind The way to cure the passions of the Mind are to be allayed by all means imaginable as sorrow by a pleasant converse and indignation and anger by excellent precepts of meekness and humility which sometimes do appease the immoderate passions of the Mind And a good Counsel of a Spiritual guide and intimate Friends do often take off vain scruples in Spiritual Matters and calm the great storms of afflicted wounded and despairing Souls that the bones which God hath broken may rejoyce The Therapeutick method in this Disease doth offer us Three Indications the Curatory relates to the Disease and its continent cause the Preservatory consisting in the Procatarctick and evident causes and the Vital which is founded Viribus conservandis As to the Disease which is chiefly caused by an ill Succus nervosus The acide disposition of the nervous Liquor is much corrected by Antescorbuticks and clouded Animal Spirits proceeding from acide and fixed saline Particles of the Blood spoiling the purity of the Spirits of the Brain it doth indicate proper Antiscorbutick Medicines prepared with Garden and Sea Scorby-grass Brooklime Water-cresces Pine Firr mixed with Millepedes in the distillation of Milk Mum c. or prepared by way of the said Juyces of Plants mired with that of Oranges which refineth and giveth them a pleasant Taste As also Antescorbutick Syrupes or Conserves Chaly beate are proper in this Disease made up with Powder of Steel prepared with Sulphure are beneficial in this Disease as they depurate the serous parts of the Blood the Materia substrata of Animal Liquor and Spirits And in reference to the preservatory Indication A Vein may be freely opened in a melancholly disposition labouring of much Blood Leeches may be also applied to the Anus A proper course of Physick must be used in the obstruction of the Vterus by taking away the antecedent cause founded in the quantity of ill Blood a Clyster may be premised and a Vein freely opened as also Leeches may be applyed to the Haemorrhoids to divert the Blood and to produce a natural evacuation by those vessels from the Head and the Saphaena is proper to be opened in Women labouring with the suppression of the Menstrua As also a proper method of Physick may be given before propounded in the diseases of the Uterus in order to purge the Blood of its grossness and to open the obstructed Blood-vessels of the Womb. Vomitories also prove very advantageous in melancholy affecting the Brain as emptying a foul Stomach of gross Phlegme which is viscous indigested Chyle adhering to the inward coat of the Ventricle and other acide Recrements which spoil or weaken at least the concoctive faculty of the Stomach making an ill Chyle Vomitories also very much refine the Blood by opening the Cystick and Choledock Ducts and that of the Pancreas whereupon various kinds of Recrements are discharged into the Guts In strong Bodies Oxymel of Squills Wine of Squills mixed with some few grains of White Hellebore Vomitories are good to refine the Blood Purgatives are proper in this Disease may be given in Carduus Posset-drink and frequent draughts of it during the time of Vomiting As also an infusion of Crocus metallorum or Emetick Tartar of Mynsichte or Salt of Vitriol or Sulphure of Antimony Purgatives are celebrated with good success in this Disease as discharging gross acide and saline Recrements of the Blood except they be strong which give great annoyance to the Body as increasing the fermentation of ill Humors and weakening the Tone of the Blood and vitiating the nervous Liquor and Animal Spirits often accompanied with Convulsive motions Whereupon I most humbly conceive it most agreeable to Reason in this
the nitro-sulphureous Particles of the Blood enraging the Animal Liquor and Spirits The Third Indication is Vital The Third is Vital as it supporteth Strength and Life and denoteth restorative and corroborating Medicines and wholsome Diet easy of digestion as not being of too high a nourishment which ever feedeth the Disease rather then the Patient The Curatory Indication The means advised in the Curatory Indication is much assisted by the prudent conduct of Friends and Servants giving good Council sometimes and othertimes threats blows and bonds which often awe the servile refractory temper of Mad Men who else will not be governed in the taking of Aliment and Medicines and will not submit themselves unless they be over-powred by force to which they are as passive as Brutes with whom they hold some Analogy as destitute of Reason And nothing more reduceth this kind of Patients to a perfect understanding Severity is very powerful in the cure of Madness and perfect enjoyment of themselves then by the severe Treatment of their Bodies whereupon a high restraint rendreth them humble and submissive whereby the arrogance and fierceness of Mad People being subdued they return to themselves in the regular exercise of their rational and sensitive Faculties As to a course in Physick Free Bleeding is very proper in Madness nothing is more beneficial then free Bleeding which giveth an allay to the fierceness of it by taking away its quantity and height and abateth the tumultuary motion of the Blood and Animal Spirits through the fibrous Compage of the Brain to this end an apertion of Veins may be frequently celebrated if it be consistent with strength in the Arm The opening of the Temporal Artery is very good in this Disease Neck Veins of the Forehead and above all I conceive the opening of the temporal Artery may speak an advantage to the Patient in this Malady as it letteth out some of the enraged mass of Blood whose motion and fury is most eminent in the Artery and by this operation I have seen very good success in this Malady as it evacuates some part of the hot furious Blood that the rest may be the more easily contemperated by the application of cooling Medicines Vomitories are very beneficial in this Disease Vomitortes are very advantageous in Madness as it dependeth upon Blood tainted with nitro-sulphureous Particles often proceeding from the obstruction of the Liver Pancreas and other Viscera which are opened in reference to their excretory Ducts by the violent motion of the Stomach drawing the Guts into consent whereupon they violently contracting themselves upward in an inverted peristaltick motion do throw up Bile and acide Recrements out of the Intestines into the Stomach whereby the Blood being depurated giveth less annoyance to the Head Take of an infusion of Crocus or Sulphure of Antimony prepared with some grains of Tartar or some grains of White Hellibore or Mercurius vitae given in some proper vehicle Mercurial Medicines Mercurial Medicines often prove successful in Madness given with Purgatives or without as of Calamelanos of it self or quickned with some few grains of Turpeth Minerale move a salivation and often discharge an habitual Madness by reason sometimes a great evacuation of salival Liquor coming of it self without the help of Art doth cure a Maniack disposition Strong Purgatives do also speak a great advantage in order to the cure of this stubborn Malady as they depress the height of the fierce Humors Strong Purgatives are good in this Disease and lessen the quantity of the saline serous and sulphureous parts of the Blood and nervous Liquor conjunct causes of this Disease as the infusion of Black Hellebore in White-wine and Water prepared with Tartar and Seeds of Caraway or Coriander as the Decoctum Sen. Gereonis prepared with Epithymum Mechoacan Turpeth c. As also a Bolus of Extract of Helebore with Calamelanos c. As also Pilulae Coch. Min. Faetid Major hightened with some grains of the Trochichs of Ashandal or Resin of Scammony or Jalap The preservatory Indication hath relation to the cause of this Disease The preservatory Indication consisteth much in sweetning the mass of Blood and doth much take off the nitrous and sulphureous parts of the Blood and correct the Acrimony of the nervous Liquor and irregular motion of the Animal Spirits A Mineral of Cristal or Nitre well prepared as also Spirit of Sulphure The Blood may be allayed by Minerals or Vitriol incrassating the thin and hot mass of Blood and attemperating the raging quality are very beneficial in appeasing the violent motion of the Blood and the nervous Liquor and Spirits Chalybeat Syrupes Tinctures Electuaries mixed with cooling Medicines Chalybeatâ— are very proper in a Maniack disposition Diet-drink do speak a great allay to the furious Blood and extravagant motion of the Animal Liquor and its more refined Particles by drinking now and then a draught of Diet-drink made with Sarza or China in which the Flowers of Water-Lilies Cowslips or Lily of the Valley may be boiled and it being strained may be sweetned with Syrupe of Water-Lilies or Lime-Flowers or Lily of the Valley Whey Clarified prepared with the Flowers of Water-Lilies Betony Clarified Whey prepared with Water-Lilies Cowslips c. may be given for an ordinary drink in this case As also Emulsions prepared with the cooling Seeds White Poppy blanched Almonds c. may be of great use Decoctions of the tops of Borage Bugloss fragrant Apples Decoctions of Borage c. the shavings of Ivory the Flowers of Borage Violets Cowslips Water-Lilies c. are very profitable As also Apozemes of Pimpernel having a Blew Flower St. Johns-wort c. Electuaries also prepared with Conserves of Flowers of Water-Lilies Electuaries Lily of the Valley Cowslips cooling Seeds powdered as Powder of Haley c. made up with Syrupe of Water-Lillies drinking immediately after it a draught of cooling or specifique Apozeme The vital Indication hath a regard to the preservation of Strength Cordiaâ—â— as the said Electuary As also an Electuary made with Sage Flowers Rosemary Paeony Cowslips Water-Lilies which contemperate the hot disposition of the Brain and corroborate it After which a draught may be taken immediately prepared with Flowers of Betony Rorismary Sage or Tey and the like sweetned with Syrupe of Cowslips or Water-Lilies In point of Diet all strong and full nourishment is to be avoided as keeping the Blood high and enraged wherefore it is more reasonable to advise a thin Diet of Water-gruel Barley-Cream thin broth of a Chicken Mutton Veal c. Hypnoticks may be proper in this Disease And by reason Sleep is very requisite to compose the unquiet Animal Spirits gentle Hypnoticks may be advised of Cowslips or Red Poppy-water or that of Lime-Flowers or Lily of the Valley with some Cinnamon-water distilled with Barley and Syrupe of Poppy In reference to Madness proceeding from the biting of
the tone of the fibrous Compage to be very laxe and unable to resist the ill affections of the nervous Liquor whence ensue diverse unnatural motions of the Fibrils of the Brain and nervous Plexes of the Viscera and muscular parts of the Body And farthermore another reason may be offered The reason why Convulsive motions do flow from the Brain that the Blood and serous Liquor infecting the Brain are a great cause of Convulsive motions by reason Fontanels in the neck and blistering plaisters applied to it and Leeches set under the Ears do take away much of the serous Humors oppressing the Brain and divert the motion of Blood which are experimentally found very conducive to the alleviation and Cure of Convulsive motions in Children Thus pro modulo meo I have given a History of Convulsive motions that torture Children chiefly in the Two or Three first Months arising out of an ill mass of Blood contracted in the Womb consisting in Heterogeneous and contrary Elements raising a high fermentation in the vital Liquor which afterward infecteth the Succus Nervosus and Animal Spirits with nitro-sulphureous flatulent and elastick Particles causing expansive and contractive motions in the nervous Filaments of the fibrous Compage of the Brain and other Plexes of Nerves seated in the Viscera Muscular and Membranous parts of the Body which often prove fatal And though nature be so strong as to conquer these terrible motions in the first Months yet she is obnoxious afterward to great danger in reference to violent Convulsive motions associates of a Fever and proceeding from the breeding of Teeth Convulsive motions proceeding from Fevers produced by pains in the breeding of Teeth All Children having Fevers in breeding of Teeth are not always afflicted with concussions of muscular parts as having oftentimes good Constitutions and a laudable mass of Blood and a well-disposed Animal Liquor and Spirits and a firm tone of the Systeme of Nerves whereupon they are not obnoxious to Convulsive motions But the great pains of Dentition in an ill habit of Body and laxe Compage of Nerves I humbly conceive are the immediate cause of a Fever and Convulsive motions proceeding from an Inflammation of the Gums produced by Blood stagnated in the Interstices of the Vessels tumefying the said parts and compressing the branches of the Fifth pair of Nerves seated about the roots of the Teeth offended also with saline and acide parts of serous Humors vellicating the nervous Fibrils endued with a most acute Sense And the Teeth themselves enlarging their dimensions in Dentition The reason why Children are very much disturbed in Dentition do squeeze the Nerves and highly discompose their tender frame by their hard substance which growing more and more in hight do compress and cut the Membrane encircling the Gums which is a contexture of nervous Fibrils and is derived as some will have it from the Dura Menynx of the Brain so that this fine integument of the Gums is a composition of nervous Fibrils which being squeezed and cut by the rise of the Teeth growing upward must necessarily produce great pain and often Convulsive motions drawing the fibrous Compage of the Brain and muscular parts of the Eyes Face Lips Limbs and Viscera into consent attended with violent Vomitings Diarrhaeas Lypothymys Syncopes c. which are very terrible to behold in young Children not able to express themselves The Fever attending the breeding of Teeth is produced by great pain the associate of an Inflammation proceeding from Blood setled in the Gums which maketh a great effervescence in it of which some part endued with heterogeneous fermentative Elements being returned by the Veins to the Heart causeth a Fever partly taking its rise from the over-hasty motion of the Blood made by the Convulsive motions of the Muscles violently compressing the Arteries And Children are not only subject to Convulsive motions in the Two or Three first Months after their Birth and in the time of breeding of Teeth but also in other years of their Minority which is chiefly derived from an ill disposition of Blood consisting in heterogeneous fermentative Elements which having recourse to the Cortex of the Brain doth fill the Succus Nervosus and the Animal Spirits with flatulent elastick Particles producing various agitations of the Nerves caused by the repeated dilatations and contractions of their Filaments acted with many grand efforts to discharge offensive Matter giving a high disturbance to nature The Blood The Blood is the cause of Convulsive motions as spoiled by ill Diet. The Blood is corrupted by the ulcered Glands of the Viscera producing Convulsive motions the chief antecedent cause of Convulsive motions is debased by ill Diet by Aliment hard of digestion or by Milk degenerating into a Curd by the acide Ferment of the Stomach whereupon it rendreth the Milk Acide and sometime the Chyle is corrupted by bilious Recrements and an ulcerous Matter derived from the Ventricles or putrefied Glands of the Mesentery The Blood also is corrupted in its passage through the ulcered Glands of the Spleen Liver Pancreas Kidneys or the putrefied substance of the Bladder Uterus Diaphragme Pleura Mediastine Lungs c. whereby the vital Liquor being vitiated by a purulent Matter is carried up through the Carotide Arteries into the Cortical Glands wherein the nervous Liquor and the Animal Spirits become infected and produce great disorderly motions in the fibrous Compage of the Brain and the plexes of Nerves belonging to the Viscera Muscles and Membranes The ill mass of Blood is rendred more fermentative by ill Air in Fenny ground by the heat of the Sun and by changes of the Moon and by the malignant influences of the Planets which do debase the Succus Nervosus and its Spirits and render them turbulent and unquiet so that they discompose the tender Filaments of Nerves and put them upon violent and unnatural agitations highly afflicting the whole Body Having given an account of the unpleasant â—cenes of this Disease consisting in various storms of concussive motions of several parts of the Body my Taske at this time is to propound a means how these Tempests may be allayed that a pleasant calm may ensue The Cure of this Disease requireth a good method of Physick and the care of a Learned Physician prescribing proper Medicines and by reason Blood hath a great share in the cause of Convulsive motions Applications of Leeches to the Jugulars are very proper Cephalick Powders may be given in Cephalick Waters Three or Four Ounces may be taken away by the application of Leeches to the Jugular Veins and afterward Cephalick Powder may be advised made of Paeony roots Misletowe of the Oak Coral Pearl and the like given in a spoonful of a Cephalick Julape prepared with Black-Cherry Water or Water of Lime-Flowers Lily of the Valley Paeony Rue-water to which may be added a small quantity of Compound Paeony or the Antiepileptick water of Langius near akin to the
an evident cause A Palsey proceeding from an evident cause indicates Bleeding after a Clyster hath been injected And then gentle Diureticks and Diaphoreticks may be administred Diuretick Powders of a Stroke Fall Wound that the prejudiced part may be restored again an apertion of a Vein may be proper as lessening the mass of Blood and diverting it from the part affected after an emollient and discutient Clyster hath been administred and rejected gentle Diureticks and Diaphoreticks may be safely advised to make good the circulation of the Blood and discharge its serous Recrements whereby the part aggrieved is eased As also Diuretick Powders made of the Four cooling Seeds Chervil Golden-rod and the like mixed with Sugar or a Powder recited in the Augustan Dispensatory drinking immediately after it an Apozeme prepared with opening and Diuretick Medicines or vulnerary Diet-drinks The dislocated Vertebers are to be reduced Or if a Dislocation be made of the vertebers of the Spine they are to be reduced to their natural situation by a dextrous Chyrurgeons hand And afterward Balsomes Liniments may be applied as also Fomentations Cataplasmes Emplaistres of Oxycroceum e Minio e Mucilaginibus of Paracelsus and if the Tumor of the Chine remain resolving and discutient Bathings may be outwardly administred An habitual Palsey depending upon Procatarctick and antecedent causes being considered in actu signato or exercito in fieri or factum esse An habitual Palscy claims a peculiar Cure doth challenge to it self a peculiar way of Cure As to the Procatarctick causes belonging to this Disease A respect must be had to the Sex res non naturales in the cure of a Palsey a care must be had of the Sex res non naturales that they may be disposed in good order according to Art And the intentions of a Palsey in relation to its antecedent causes do denote the goodness of Chyle and mass of Blood which is effected by a good Diet and proper Ferments of the Stomach depending on a laudable Vital and nervous Liquor the Materia substrata and subject of the Animal Spirits To this intent courses of Physick may be administred Medicines prepared with Cephalicks and Antiscorbuticks As also Chalybeats are goo din this Disease prepared with Cephalicks and Antiscorbuticks mixed with purging medicines and after them in a Plethorick Body Bleeding may be advised and then Chalybeat Medicines may be taken of Tinctures Syrupes Powders given in Electuaries made of Temperate Scorbutick and Cephalick ingredients drinking after them a good draught of a proper Apozeme Vomitories may be prescribed in a foul Stomack Vomitories may be advised in a foul Stomach opening the obstructions of the Liver Spleen Pancreas made of the infusion of Crocus metallorum Salt of Vitriol Oxymel or Wine of Squills or some few grains of Mercurius vitae which is not to be given but in robust Bodies Fontanels may be made in the Neck between the Shoulders Fontanels very propeâ— in a Palsey in the Thigh or Leg which are very beneficial in this case Ale is proper medicated with the Leaves of Sage Betony Rorismary as also the Flowers of Lime Lily of the Valley Sage Paeony Rorismary Betony and the like And not only the Continent and Procatarctick causes of a Palsey are to be considered but the ill habit of the body too The ill habit of the Body is to be considered in a confirmed Palsey Purgatives and Alteratives as Apozemes Electuaries are proper for a habitual Palsey if the Disease groweth habitual as highly radicated and in this case a care must be had that Bleeding and violent Purging be omitted as Nature is highly weakened by the length of the Disease so that gentle Purgatives mixed with Antiscorbuticks Diureticks may now and then be given as also Cephalick Apozemes Electuaries prepared with Chalybeats which do refine the Blood nervous Liquor and Spirits and corroborate the Nerves which are relaxed or resolved in this Disease In a Palsey proceeding from pituitous or serous Recrements of the Brain Medicines for pituitous or serous Recrements of the Brain an Electuary may be advised prepared with the Leaves of Water-cresses the Flowers of Sage Betony Paeony Rorismary and Condite Eryngo-roots Condite Nutmegs Mace as also with the Powders of Crabs Eies Millepedes and a little of Castor and Amber made up with Syrupe of Sage-Flowers or Lavender drinking after it a good draught of an Apozeme made of Sarzaparilla China Guiacum Sassafras infused and boiled in fair water and to the Colature may be added of the Leaves of Betony Sage Rorismary of the Flowers of the same which may be arotamised with Mace Nutmegs c. and sweetned with Syrupe of Lavender or Lime-Flowers Or a Milk-water may be thus prepared Take of the Bark of Winteran A distilled Milk-water of the chips of Auranges and Limons of each Two Ounces of the Roots or Leaves of Cuckowpintle of the Leaves of Garden Scorby-grass Water-cresses Sage Betony of the Flowers of Lavender Sage Rorismary Nutmegs Millepedes which may be besprinkled First with Wine and stand a convenient time and afterward a large quantity of Milk may be added and a distillation made in a Rose Still To every Dose of this distilled water may be added some drops of Spirit of Salt Armoniack succinated Spirits of Salt Armoniack succinated or of Harts-horn Sutt Blood c. Tinctures of Turpentine Antimony or Amber or Elixir Proprieratis Bezoar Mineral or of Spirit of Hartshorn Sutt Blood c. Dr. Willis adviseth Tincture of Mercury Terebinth or Tincture of Antimony or Amber Elixir proprietatis or Paeony c. The Powder of the Flesh of Vipers and of the Hearts and Livers may be given in distilled waters of the Flowers of Lavender Sage Betony Rorismary c. Bezoar Mineral Solar mixed with Powder of Cloves Nutmegs Mace and once in Four or Five days gentle Purgatives prepared with Cephalicks are to be advised Trochischi de Mirrha Trochischi and Pills or Hysterici as also Pills made of Castor Amber Powder of Millepedes and of the Roots or Leaves of Ground Pine made into Pills with Syrupe of Paeony may be beneficial Powder of Zedoary Galangal Cardamom Specier Diambr may be given in a draught os some Specifick or Cephalick water or in the Magistral Milk-water prescribed above And last of all in this Palsey Fomentation of the Chine proceeding from cold causes the Spine may be bathed with compound Spirit of Lavender or the Queen of Hungarys Water or with Oil of Amber and the like Natural Baths Natural Baths which being sulphureous and Bituminous do heat dry and corroborate the Brain and Spinal Marrow and are very advantageous after universal evacuations have been celebrated A Palsey proceeding from Bilious Recrements A Bilious Palsey doth indicate more milde and temperate Medicines oppressing the Brain and Medulla Spinalis doth indicate more mild and temperate Medicines as Electuaries made of Conserve of Lime-Flowers Lily of the
Chronick Diseases take their first rise whereupon in such cases it is proper to mix Antiscorbuticks with other Specifick Medicines that relate to particular Diseases As to the Cure of this Malady The Antients Opinion concerning the seat and cause of the Scurvey The Spleen is ofâ—â—n sound in the Scurvey An instance of a sound Spleen in a person dying of the Scurvey the Antients conceiving it to proceed from a melancholy Humor seated in the Spleen have directed all their Medicines to the relief of that part but upon Dissection it hath been found that Patients labouring of many symptomes of the Scurvey as cutaneous Spots Scurfs Tumors Ulcers wandring pains of the Limbs spontaneous Weariness looseness of the Teeth and bleeding Gums have had sound Spleens Learned Horstius giveth an account of this Tom. 2. lib. 9. Obs 4. Ait alle Nobilis Bavarus annorum 36. Corpulentus lassitudine spontanea maculis lividis nigrescentibus in ulcera degenerantibus in cruribus brachiis affectus quae omnia longe ante gingivarum sanguinolentia exulceratio praecesserat ita ut non dubitandum quin scorbuto confirmato laboraret in quo post mortem lien sat inculpatae Coâ—â—stitutionis viscus sanguinem referens inventus fuit Sometimes in this Disease the Stomach Some Symptâ—mes of the Scurvey and their Aetiology Guts are oppressed with vomiting of Blood and Black Stools mixed with it which proceed from a hot faeculent mass of Blood of which some part is thrown by the Caeliack Artery into the Cavity of the Stomach and discharged again by Vomiting and Black Blood is also transmitted by the mesentery Arteries into the Intestines which disburden themselves by bloody Stools and other times the Spleen is swelled and the Liver scirrhous and the mesentery enlarged by tumefied Glands A person of mature age endued with a melancholy Constitution An instancâ— of the said case as having a Black swarthy visage often bound in his Body making a deep coloured Urine highly tinged with choler somewhat resembling that of Fevers was often disturbed with nauseousness belching and a pain of his Stomach and with a bloody Spittle and Bleeding ulcered Gums and sometimes with bloody Stools and a Tumor of the Groin and Belly these symptomes were much alleviated by Antiscorbutick Medicines for some time and then returned again and were attended with more dreadful accidents of discharging extravasated Black Blood out of the Stomach and Intestines by Vomiting and Looseness which gave a period to his Life His Belly being opened The Caule is often iâ—flâ—med and corrupted and the Pancreas scirrhous in the Scurvey the Stomach and Guts appeared to be very much distended with Wind and being opened they were found to be lined with Black Blood spued out of the terminations of Caeliack and mesenterick Arteries implanted into the inward coats of the Ventricle and Guts The Liver being Dissected appeared to be hard and schirrous and its substance of a deep Red colour resembling a fleshy substance his Spleen was very much tumefied with gross extravasated Blood and the Mesentery was beset with many tumefied Glands and the mesaraick Vessels were rendred so obscure by many Glandulous Tumors that they could be scarce discerned The Caule is often rendred First inflamed and afterward ulcered and putrid proceeding from a quantity of extravasated corrupted Blood setled in the interstices of Vessels and the Pancreas is sometimes disaffected with many scirrhous Glands proceeding from a viscide Blood full of concreted saline Particles A Person of Honour some years before his death was anoyed with a faetide Tast in his Mouth coming from excoriated Gums and other Ulcers of his Mouth and looseness of his Teeth which were the attendants of ill Viscera the causes of great sickness determining in death His Body being opened the Caule was found stinking and putrid An instance of a corrupted Caule and scirrhous Pancreas The seat and cause of the Scurvey and his Pancreas full of indurated Glands and the Mesentery deformed with many Black varices of Blood-vessels I conceive the first seat of this Disease is the Stomach flowing from an ill concoctive Faculty of Aliment proceeding from ill Ferments of the Stomach as endued with acide saline Recrements which infect the Alimentary extract rendring it sometimes crude and other times full of earthy saline parts which being carried with the Chyle into the Mesentery do render the Glands of the Mesentery swelled and the gross Chyle being associated with the Blood and not well assimilated into it is carried by the Caeliack Artery into the Stomach and maketh Nauseousness Belchings Vomitings c. and being transmitted into the Guts produceth Diarrhaeas Dysenterys accompanied with great gripes The original of the Scurvey being an ill Chyle The original of the Scurvey is an ill Chyle proceedeth à Laesa Concoctione whereupon Vomiting and Purging are very proper to disburden the Stomach of the crude reliques of Concoction and of bilious and saline Recrements the ill Ferment of the Stomach which hinder the concoctive Faculty and vitiate Aliment And after the Stomach is discharged of its troublesome guests of saline and Sulphureous Recrements bitter corroborating Medicines may be advised which repair the Tone of the Stomach The Cure of the Scurvey as it is a complication of many Diseases seemeth to claim a method of healing satisfying various Indications but for order and brevity sake they may be reduced to Three which are common to those of other diseases The preservatory relating to the cause of the Disease the Curatory which hath regard to the Disease and its Symptomes and the Vital which preserves the strength of the Patient In the First entrance into the Cure our great intention must be to take away the cause of the Disease which being rectified the Effect the Disease will fall The cause of the Scurvey The great cause of the Scurvey is a Discrasy of the Blood consisting in the ill constitution of Blood is chiefly founded in the gross sulphureous and fixed saline Particles depressing the volatil and spirituous whereupon the vital Liquor groweth depauperated as not having good Elements producing a bad Fermentation which that it may be regulated requires the utmost endeavours of Art consisting in a good Diet Chyrurgery and Pharmacy In reference to Diet A good Air much contributeth to the Cure of the Scurvey a good Air must be advised near a dry ground free from gross cold vapours vitiating the pure nitrous and elastick Particles of Air which spoil the Blood in the Lungs and take off much of its fine Scarlet Dy. And the aethereal Particles enobled by the benigne influxes of the Planets do mixe with the masticated Aliment in the Mouth and help the concoction of the Stomach by advancing its Ferments and by opening the Compage of the Aliment in order to the extraction of a nutricious Tincture which much dependeth upon good Food Good Aliment is one expedient to cure the Scurvey The Colatories
of the Blood must be opened proper for Concoction and easy to be distributed and making few Excrements of which the more gross must be discharged by the Intestines and the more saline and watry severed by the Renal Glands and the Lympha by the Lymphaeducts and the bilious Recrements by the Hepatick Glands if these Colatories be open and free from obstructions the Blood acquireth a laudable Constitution but if the Viscera be clogged with gross Recrements they cannot duely perform their Office of Percolating the Blood The hindred perlocation of the Blood in the Viscera whereupon it is sometimes depraved with fixed saline othertimes with gross sulphureous and also with acide and acrimonious Recrements debasing the Blood and rendring it dispirited That all these intentions may be satisfied relating to many disaffections of the Viscera spoiling the eucrasy of the Blood is our Task at this time which must be accomplished by a due method of Physick advising proper Medicines of all sorts in right order The First seat of the Scurvey is in the Stomach Purging and Vomiting discharge the Stomack of its ill Recrements and its original cause is a crude indigested Chyle often infected with ill Humors spoiling the Ferments of the Stomach the great Menstruum dissolving the Compage of the Aliment in order to Concoction Whereupon it is reasonable to advise Purging and Vomiting Medicines to free the Ventricle from the importunate guests of offensive Excrements Bitter Medicines restore the Ferments of the Stomack to a good disposition and to administer bitter Medicines to restore the Ferments of the Stomach to a laudable temper And if the Pores of the Ventricle be obstructed aperient Medicines are proper to make way that the Ferments may be transmitted through secret Ducts into the Cavity of the Stomach to assist Concoction And in order to reduce the ill mass of Blood a great cause of the Scurvey to a laudable constitution by discharging its Faeces by secretion performed in the Viscera I conceive it very proper to advise Specificks to open the obstructed Glands of the Liver to depurate the Blood from adust bilious Recrements And in reference to acide and saline Faeces Diureticks discharge the Tartar of the Blood Diureticks may be prescribed to free the obstructed Glands from concreted Particles and help the slow excretion of Urine to refine the Blood from its gross Salt Recrements which are a great Element in the production of the Scurvey And because nature often dischargeth the saline Particles associated with the Blood by greater and less Arterial Branches into the cutaneous Glands wherein a secretion is made of the pure from the impure parts Diaphoreticks are very proper in the Scurvey whereupon they being carried by excretory Vessels to the surface of the Skin the Blood groweth refined so that in case of the Scurvey Diaphoretick Medicines may be prescribed with great advantage to the Patient In order to clear the Stomach of its load of acide saline Vomitories and sulphureous Recrements in strong Constitutions may be given the infusion of Croeus Metallorum Tartarus Emeticus Mynsichti a few grains of Mercurius vitae Salt of Vitriol and in weak Bodies Oxymel of Squills or a great quantity of Carduus-Posset or luke-warm water mixed with Oil of Olives may be administred by which the Contents of the Stomach may be thrown off and the folds of it free from gross viscide pituitous Recrements whereupon the Concoction of Chyle is very much promoted And if the Stomach is weak or not apt to be moved by Vomitories Gentle Purging Medicines must be given in weak Constitutions Purging Decoctions are very proper in this Malady gentle purging Medicines are more proper mixed with bitter which do corroborate the lost tone of the Stomach in the Scurvey as the Decoctum amarum cum purgantibus to which in a strong Body some Senna and Rubarb may be added The Tinctura Sacra may be very proper made of the Species Hierae infused in White Wine as also the Decoctum Sennae Gereonis to which may be added the tops of Centaury the less Rubarb Creme or Salt of Tartar vitriolated Tartar the Seeds of Carduus Syrupe of Peach-Flowers or Syrupe of Rubarb or compound Syrupe of Apples formerly called the Syrupe of the King of Sabor Pills of Bon called Tartanae Bontii Quercetani or those of Dr. Purging Pills Willis his Dispensation in his 7th Chapter of the Cure of the Scurvey Pa. 271. As also Stomacick Pills with Gumms to which may be added in strong Constitutions some grains of Extract Rud. or Resine of Jalap or Scammony In plethorick Bodies abounding with Blood and ill Recrements Bleeding is good in a Plethorick Body labouring of the Scurvey after purging Medicines have been once or twice administred a Vein may be often opened with a sparing hand lest in this Disease if too much Blood be exhausted a Dropsy ensue which sometimes proves fatal whereupon the Blood groweth better and more refined And once in Five or Six days Purging Medicines may be prepared by infusion in Water and Wine Purging Medicines mixed with Antiscorbuticks added at last to extract the virtue of the Ingredients with Senna Rubarb Agarick the tops of Pine Firr Water-cresses Seed of Caroways Creme of Tartar c. to which being strained may be added Syrupe of Roses solutive or compound Syrupe of Apples or Syrupe of Buckthorn Alteratives also may speak a great benefit in this stubborn Malady Alteratives made of Aperients and Antiscorbuticks made of th aperient roots of Dogs Grass wild Asparagus Scorzonera mixed with Antiscorbuticks viz. the tops of Pine and Firre Watercresses Chervil boiled in Water and Wine and being strained may be sweetened with Syrupe of the Five opening Roots or an Apozeme may be prepared with the Roots of Cuckowpintle Roots Petraselen Eryngium Winterbark the chips of Oranges or Limons Pine Firre c. boiled gently in Water put into a covered Vessel to which may be added at last some White-wine and it being strained may be sweetened with the Augustan Syrupe Also a Decoction of Roman Wormwood An Apozeme proper in the Scurvey and tops of Broom or an infusion of its Buds or Flowers made in Water and Wine and being strained and sweetened with Syrupe of Betony or the Five opening Roots may prove advantageous in opening the obstructions of the Viscera and defaecating the Blood Infusions of Antiscorbuticks in Water and Wine Infusions of Antiâ—corbutick Medicines made in a close Pipkin are very proper as preserving the volatil Salt of Pine Firr Chervil Ground-Pine Water-Germander Garden or Sea-Scurvey-grass Watercresses Brooklime Chips of Oranges Limons Citrons c. sweetened with simple Syrupe of Apples Brooklime Watercresses c. Infusions of Pine Firr Brooklime and of other temperate Antiscorbuticks may be prepared in Whey or Posset-drink as very good in hot constitutions to contemperate and refine the Blood Diureticks may be beneficial in this Disease as
situation 996 The Cortex of the Brain its Blood-vessels and Gyres 997. and of their rise and causes Ibid. The Cortex is intermingled with the medullary parts of the Brain and of its cineritions colour and its cause and of the Compage and how the Cortex resembleth the frame of a Pomgranet 998 The cortical Glands of the Brain and of their seat and Blood-vessels c. 1000. And of the use of the said Glands 1001 The Brain is the seat of the more noble operations of the Soul 1072 The contraction of the Brain and its Compage is fibrous as well as the Medulla spinalis and the Brain as fibrous is capable of diverse motions 1086 The Brain and Nerves seem to resemble an inverted Tree 1089 The Brain of Beasts 1092 The Bodies of Animals are more or less perfect as they hold greater or less similitude with that of Mans Ibid. The descriptâ—on of the coat of the Brain of Animals and of the Cortex and falciform Process of the Brain of Brutes 1092. And how it is furnished with nervous Ligaments and Cells and hath a power to contract and dilate it self 1093 Of the Corpus callosum in Beasts and how the natiform Processes in Man are larger then those of Beasts and the testiform very small 1093 Of the Cerebellum of Brutes and how the Coats and Processes of the Brain of Beasts much resemble that of Man 1093 The Brain of Birds and of its Coats and Situation and of its anterior Coat The Hemisphaeres of the Brain of Birds and how it hath no Anfractus and each Hemisphaere hath an adjoyning oval Prominence and of two small Processes in the inward recesses of the Brain and how the streaky Membrane supplyeth the defect of many Processes in the Brain of Birds 1099 And in each Hemisphaere of the Brain a Cavity may be seen leading into the Infundibulum 2000 The principal part of the Brain of Birds is cortical and full of Globules bedewed with nervous Liquor and hath Ventricles and four Sinus and Processes accrescing to the Medulla oblongata 2000 The under Processes of the Brain of Birds are substituted instead of the Corpus callosum and of the Blood-vessels 2001 The Brain of Fish and its Processes are akin to those of the Brain of Man and of the first formation of the Brain of Fish and how its Processes are sometimes regular and other times irregular and of the cause of the different Processes and the end of the different Figures and the Brain of Animals is framed of many Globules 1108 The nature of the Globules of the Brain of Fish and how they are akin to Glands and of the Analogy of the Brain of Fish with that of Man and the partition interceding the Processes supply the defect of Anfractus and of the division of the Medulla oblongata and Spinalis 1109 The different Processes of the Brain of several Mackrels 1110 The uses of the Processes of the Brain of Fish The Brain of a Thornback Fireflair Skait 1111 The Brain of a Cod Dogfish 1112 The upper and lower Region of the Brain of a Skait 1113 The upper and lower Region of the Brain of a Kingston and of the upper and lower Region of the Brain of a Codlin and of the Brain of a Lamprey 1115 The Brain of an Vmber 1116 Of the transparent substance encircling the Brain of a Carp and of its upper Region 1117 Of the Brain of another Carp and of the Brain of a Rochet and of a Place 1118 The Brain of a Dabb Flounder Soul Turbat 1119 The upper and lower Region of the Brain of a Whiting and of a Pearch and Gudgeon 1120 The Brain of an Eele and of the Medulla oblongata and Spinalis of diverse Fish 1121 The upper and lower Region of the Brain of a Dory and the Brain of a Gurnard Smelt 1122 The Brain of a Pope Garfish Grey Mullet Salmon Peal Horse-Mackrel 1123 The Brain of a Pike Tench Pearch 1124 C. CAncer ulcered and its cures 150 Carus and Coma and of their seats and causes 1130 Carunculae Myrtiformes 562. Clitoris its Muscles and Vessels 561 Caul and its Situation Connexion and the upper and hinder leafe of the Caul 179 The Magnitude Figure and its manner of Production Substance and Surfaces of the Caul are full of variety 180 The Caul hath many Membranes the streiners of the Blood 181 The vessels of the Caul 187. The uses of the Caul 189 The Nerves and lacteal vessels of the Caul Ibid. The Caul expanded in Inspiration and contracted in Expiration Ibid. Vses also of the Caul 110 199 The Glands of the Caul 188 The Pathology of the Caul and its Inflammation Abscess Vlcers and Steatoms c. 192 An ulcered Caul producing an Ascitis 193 Hydatides and Tympanitis of the Caul 194 A Scirrhous Caul 193 Center of Gravity in a standing posture passeth through the middle of the Trunk and between the Thighs and Legs and Feet making right Angles with the Area 107 Cerebellum and its Figure Vnevennesses Lamellae Processus Vermiformes and its vessels 1029. And how the nervous Fibrils resemble a Tree and of the lateral parts resembling two Lobes and of the Distention and Contraction of the Processus Vermiformis and of the Glands of the Cerebellum and of its vessels and Neck 1030 The Processes of the Cerebellum are endued with diverse shapes and Sizes And how Brutes have fewer Processes and of a different progress from those of Man and how Brutes have no Lamellae in the Cerebellum and how in Man it is endued with various Processes in the inward Recesses 1031 The use of the Processes of the Cerebellum and how they are repositories of Vessels which are attended with many minute Glands and of its vessels and divarications 1032 The Nerves of the Cerebellum and how some conceive the Processes are distended and contracted upon the elevation and depression of the Cerebellum and how it is like the Brain and of its connexion and Pedunculus how it is made up of three Processes and of the annular Process or Pons varolii 1033 The use of the various parts of the Cerebellum and of its Nerves assigned by Dr. Willis to be the instruments of involuntary motion 1034. But in truth diverse of its Nerves are Organs of voluntary Motion Ibid. And how the involuntary motion of the Heart proceedeth from Nerves of the Brain 1035. And how Respiration being partly a natural action is derived from the Nerves of the Medulla oblongata and how the fountain of involuntary motion is not derived solely from the Cerebellum but chiefly from the Brain 1036 The Cerebellum of other Animals 1037 1038 Of the Cheeks 202 203 Of the Muscles and Glands of the Cheeks 243 Of the Chine and of its description and first rise 1059. Of the parts of every verteber of the Chine and of its various Bones as some imagine and how its cartilaginous substances are turned into Bone and of the completion of a Verteber and
how the whole Systeme of Vertebers are turned into Bone 1060 How the Vertebers of the Chine grow bony and how the various Processes of the Vertebers are adorned with variety of shapes and sizes and how their articulations grow more firm after the Birth 1061 The Chine is straight after Birth in order to progressive motion and the Figure of the parts of a Verteber is various and how the Processes are seated in the outside of the Vertebers after the manner of Carved work and of the oblique ascendent and descendent Processes and of the Dentiforme Process and of the Fistula Sacra a Cavity of the Chine in which the Medulla Spinalis is lodged 1062 The Epiphyses of every Verteber and their perforations and how the external parts of the Vertebers are solid and the inward more spungy and the Ligaments of the Vertebers are strong and semi-circular 1063 A description of the Verteber of the Chine called Atlas and of the Sinus of the first Verteber and of the Dentiforme Process 1064 and of the Verteber of the Chine called by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of its Verteber named Axis and of the motion of the Musculi superiores inferiores turning the Face in several postures The Vertebers of the Chine belonging to the Back and of their Processes and how the body of every Verteber hath a large Sinus 1066 The Vertebers relating to the Loins and how they are eminent for thickness greatness and many perforations Ibid. Part of the Chine called Os Sacrum and its perforations and of another part of the Chine called Os Coccygis and of its substance in Infants 1067 The various uses of the Chine 1068 The Pathology of the Chine and the luxation of the first verteber of the Chine and of the cause and impotence of the whole Body Ibid. The luxation of the vertebers of the Neck and the luxation of the vertebers of the Back and a kind of luxation called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and another luxation named 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and how great luxations of the vertebers of the Loins are attended with death and if they be less they are accompanied with suppression of Vrine 1069 Choler and its differences 459 Choler is endued with greater or less degrees of Acrimony as embodied with acide Liquor coming from the Spleen 460 Choler acquireth grossness by its long stay in the Bladder of Gall 460 Choler being most thick is associated with the Blood and carried by the Branches of the Porta into the Glands of the Liver Ibid. Choler and its composition 46. And other times proceed from Humors 340 Chorion and its Figure and it is various in several Animals 635 The rudiment of Conception is from the embodying of both the Seeds 612 A Woman is destitute of Coytâ—dones 632 The Choroeidal Plexe is a Systeme of many parts and of its Origen Membranes and Vessels 1012 The many ranks of Arteries are accompanied with jugular Veins in this Plexe and of its use 1013 Chewing of Aliment 245 to 248. The uses of Chewing 246 Chyle how it is produced and exalted by different Ferments in various parts of the Body 26 Chylification 296 to 298 The Matter of Chylification 309 to 311 The manner of Chylification 312 to 318 The Pathology of the concoctive Faculty 319 to 328 The cure of the ill concoctive Faculty of the Stomach 325 to 328 Chyle in the manner of its production holds some Analogy with the operation of Chymestry 317 The Chyle associates with a Liquor distilling out of the Nerves in the Guts 347 The Chyle how it is concocted in the Mouth Stomach and Guts and its distribution through various lacteal vessels c. 411. And how it is assisted by the Lympha 682 Crude Chyle is not easily assimilated into Blood 135 Crude Chyle is mixed with Blood in the Heart 135 The Connivent Valves of the Guts 350 The concoctive faculty of the Guts is made by the bilious and pancreatick Liquors as Ferments 363 The manner how th◠〈◊〉 is cocted in the Guts 365 The depraved concoctive Faculty of the Guts 370 The Caeliack passion cured 371 The deproved concoctive faculty of the Guts is cured by testaceous Powders 371 The Colick passion 379 Colick passion is distinguished from the pain of the Kidney 380 Colick passion proceeding from an inflammation of the Guts 381 Colick pains arising out of the acrimony of Micous Matter of the Guts 347 Colick pains derived from sharp Humors lodged between the Coats 381 Colick pains coming from the inflation of the Guts 383 Colours of the Face Colours discerned by touch 864. And the causes of White and Red in the Face 865. Different colours are produced by Light allayed with various shades 864 Colours of the Face proceeding from several Liquors 865 Colours seem to be derived from Light sporting upon the Protuberancies and Cavities of Bodies 895 Concretion proceeding from Acide Liquors 426 427 Of Convulsions and Convulsive motions and of their difference and remarkable instances of great Convulsions 1171 How Convulsive motions are nearly related to Convulsions and of their difference taken from their causes and how they are derived from the Brain 1172 The nature of Epileptick Convulsive motions and their subject Origen and how the middle and terminations of the Nerves are concerned in Convulsions 1173 The Procatarctiok and continent cause of Convulsive Motions 1174 Of Convulsive motions in Children and how they affect various parts and the reasons why they are subject to this Disease and of the Blood of Embryos depraved in the Womb 1185. and how it is debased by a due secretion not made in the Glands of the Cutis and Viscera and of the manner of Convulsive motions and of their causes 1186. and how they proceed from the Brain and of their Reason and how they proceed from Fevers 1185 The reason why Children are subject to Convulsive motions and how the ill mass of Blood concurreth to them 1188 The application of Leeches may be made to the Jugulars and of cephalick Waters Powders Apozemes Amulets Blistering Plaisters Powder of Gutteta and Cephalick infusions 1189 The Bathing of the Chine with Spirits and Oil c. are very proper in this Disease 1190 Corpus callosum and how it may be divided from the Cortex and how the two Hemisphaeres are united in the Corpus callosum and of the Rise Connexion Figure and of the use and substance 1008 The Corpora striata are Origens of the Medulla oblongata and of their Connexion and Figure Streaks and Vse and of their structure and how they are the Origens of the Medulla Spinalis 1015 Corrosive Salt of Steel do precipitate the acide juyces of the Body 311 A Cough and its causes Prognosticks and Indications 838 839 840. And its Cures 849 Of a Chincough and Convulsiv motions 849. And their causes Indications 850 851 852 853 Creeping of Animals which is performed by moving their Bodies on the ground and making many Arches 127 The first
kind of creeping may be Vndulation 128 The second kind is Fluctuation Ibid The third kind of creeping may be made by extension and contraction 128 Creeping made by Spines as in Serpents 129 Creeping made by one great Arch 131 Creeping made by Traction 132 The Cuticula and its production and how it is repaired 47 Cuticle and Bark of Trees 51 Cuticle and Bark of Plants 52 53 D. THe deferent Vessels being an elongation of the seminal Ducts and their origination and insertion 528 Deferent Vessels are in part receptacles of Semen 531 The deferent Vessels or Oviducts of Women 593 to 603 Deglutition and its Diseases and Cures 260 to 264 Of the Delirium and its seat and how it is a Symptome rather then a Disease 1139. and of its Causes and Cure 1140 Delirous dispositions may be illustrated by Chymical Liquor extracted by Distillation 1147 Dense parts in Bodies 13 14 Diarrhaeas and Dissenteries are suppressed by Astringents in the Small Pox 62 Difficulty of Breathing proceeding from Chyme lodged in the substance of the Lungs 320 Dissimilar parts 26 Diseases determine through the Skin by a free Perspiration 48 Drink being made of subtle saline parts is scon cocted 309 Dropsy 166. And how it cometh from an exuberant Liquor contained in the Pericardium In Dropsies Chalybeats are proper as refining the Blood 170 In a Dropsy a Paracentesis relieveth when the Viscera are sound 171 Dura Menynx and its part and how it is not only compounded of Blood-vessels 979 but of nervous Fibrils as proper Ingredients and the Brain of Fish is covered with a company of minute Filaments and how the Dura Mater is strengthened by numerous Filaments running in various positions 980 The Dura Mater is beset with many carnous Fibres Ibid. And of their Rise Progress and how they run counter to the Blood-vessels and how many minute Glands are in the Dura Mater among the capillary Vessels near the third Sinus and how the carnous Fibres are a cause of the motion of the Dura Menynx in Sneezing and of the description of the nervous Fibres and of its Parenchyma 981 The serous Vessels of the Dura Mater and of the orbicular Glands in its outward surface and of the Glands seated between the Coats and how the Dura Menynx covereth the Cerebellum and of its Blood-vessels The serous Vesicles of it in a Doe 980 The situation and connexion of the Dura Menynx and of its Perforation and Origen of this Membrane according to Hypocrates 982 The motion of the Dura Menynx is conceived by some to be akin to the motion of the Heart and of the Convulsive motions of this Membrane 985 Dysenteries or Vlcers of the Guts 374 E. OF the Ear and its parts and Cartilage and seat 929 The inward Ear and auditory passage the Membrane of the Tympanum and its description and external Muscle of the Ear 931 The internal Muscle of the Ear and its Tympanum and Bones 930. The Origen of the Bones and the higher and lower hole of the Tympanum and the Labarinthus of the Ear 933 A Cavity of the Ear called Coclea consisting of many Flexures and their end and the use of the Cavities of the Ear 934 The diseases of the Ear and its Cures The causes of a lessened Hearing of the obstructions of the Auditory passage and its Cure 939 The disaffection of the Ear produced by a relaxed Tympanum and of its thickness and of the Hearing vitiated by noise and of their Causes and Cures and of the inflammation of the Ear 940. and of its Cures and of Vlcers of the Ear and their Cures 941 Earth divested of saline and sulphureous Particles is again rendred fertile as inspired with Airy and Aethereal Particles 38 The Effluvia of the Blood are discharged by the extremities of the Arteries 33 The Effluvia will infect the Air at a great distance Ibid. The Effluxes of Animals Vegetables and Minerals 36 Effluxes move in a circle 37 Eggs of Beasts 643 Glands of the Membrane encircling the Eggs of Fish 656 Eggs of Birds and their different Liquors 648 Eggs of Fish 656 Eggs of Silkworms 661 The impregnated Eggs of Women are carried through the Oviducts into the body of the Womb 601 Eggs or Seeds of Plants 671 to 675 Empyema or purulent Matter lodged in the Cavity of the Breast flowing from an inflammation of the Pleura Lungs Muscles of the Larynx c. 704. The continent cause and Diagnosticks of an Empyema 705. Its Prognosticks 706 In a desperate Empyema an Apertion of the Thorax may be made between the Ribs 707 Epiglottis and its Compage and glandulous substance 815 Enterocele and its Cure 553 Epididymides 526 Epiplocele 552 Expulsive Faculty of the Stomach 329 Pathology and Cures of the Expulsive Faculty of the Stomach 334 to 344 Expulsive Faculty of the Stomach is performed by a more strong contraction of the Fibres then the Retentive 329 The first requisite of the Expulsive Faculty is the slipperiness of the inward Coat of the Stomach 329 A Second requisite of the Expulsie Faculty of the Stomach 331 The Expulsive Faculty of the Stomach is disaffected by the ill tone of its Fibres 334 The Expulsive is disordered by a compression of the Fibres of the Brain by a quantity of extravasated Blood 335 The depraved Expulsive Faculty of the Stomach made by over-contracted Fibres in Vomiting and Purging 336 Of the Eyes and their description Eyelids Muscles 876. Supercilia excretory Vessels arising out of the Cilia and diverse kinds of excretory Vessels of the Glands of the Eyes 877. And a Duct passing out of the Glandula lacrymalis into the Nostrils and of the use of the Glands of the Eyes and their Figure 878 The Muscles of the Eyes 979 The Membranes of the Eyes the Adnata Cornea and of its Figure Surface and Origen 880. Of the Uvea called Iris from its various colours and of its seat and of the Pupil of the Eye 883. And of the various Dimensions Motion the Processus Ciliares 884. And their Origen and Vses and of the Tunicle of the Eye called Retina 885 The watry humor of the Eye and its configuration and use 886 The Cristalline Humor of the Eye and of its Membrane Figure Seat and Transparency 887. The formation of the Cristalline and of the vitreous Humor 889 The diseases of the Eye-lids and of their Redness and Thickness Tumors Scabs and Causes of these Disaffections 909 The diseases of the Glands of the Eyes and their Cures of an Inflammation Abscess Vlcer and Absumption c. 910 The Excrescence of the Glands and its Cures and Epiphaera proceeding from an Afflux of Humors into the great Angle of the Eye 911 The diseases of the Muscles of the Eyes of their Resolution Convulsion Palsey and trembling motion And of Solutae unitatis 912 The diseases of the Adnata and of its Inflammation called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and another called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the Cure of an Inflammation
c. 913. And of an Unguis Oculi and its Cause and Cure 915 The diseases of the Cornea and their Cures the disaffection of the Transparency and its Causes and the Cure of an Albugo 917 The Vlcers and Rupture of the Cornea and their Cures 919 The Cancer and Cause and Applications in its beginning 919 The diseases of the Uvea and their Cures and of the too great Perforations of it called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 921. And the overmuch contraction of the Pupil 922 The diseases of the watry Humors of the Eye and their Cures and of a Cataract 923 The Prognosticks of a Suffusion and its Cures in which a Vein may be opened 924. The manner of Couching a Cataract 925 The diseases of the Aranea and the cristalline and vitrious Humor and their Cures and of the grossness of the Aranea and Rupture and of a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or ill colour of the cristalline Humor the cause of a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 926. The grossness of the Vitreous Humor 927 The diseases of the optick Nerves and the Retina and their Cures The Gutta Serena and its Causes 927 The Cure of it 928. The wrinkles of the Retina and its cause and the Density of this Coat 926 F. OF the Face Eyes Nose Lips 862. and the description of the Face and of its Lineaments finishing Lines Symmetry and Elegancy 863 Faculty and the meaning of it 290 Falciforme Process and of its Figure and Vse 983 Of the Falling Sickness and of its Names Diagnosticks description Fits and their degrees 1175 Of the subject of this Disease and how in it the Coats of the Brain cannot be every where vellicated the Nerves and the fibrous parts of the Brain are primarily concerned in Convulsive motions and of the Animal Spirits the subject of this Disease according to Dr. Willis 1176. And of its true subject and of its various Symptomes and their causes 1177. An Epilepsy coming from an Abscess Polypus and wound of the Brain and from the fracture of both Tables of the Skull 1179 A Falling sickness proceeding from an ulcered Pancreas Spleen Worms and from the diseases of the Stomach and Guts 1180 Of the Indications and of specifick Medicines in this Disease and how they operate by secret qualities 1181. And how the Cure of this disease is performed by sweetening the Blood and by corroborating Cephalicks Vomitories Apozemes Bleeding and Topicks 1182 And by Suffumigations Sternutatories Powders Conserves Electuaries Pills Apozemes Amulets Emplaisters and how Mercurial Medicines weaken the Nerves and how a Salivation may be raised in a strong constitution of Body 1183 Fat is originally oily and Fluide and afterward concreted 181 The Fat of the Caul hath many Cells and minute Glands Ibid. Fat is not produced by Heat but rather by Cold 75 Fat is not produced by nervous Liquor but by the oily part of the Blood 76 Feathers of Birds and their Analogy with Hair and description of a Quil and of a its filamentous parts and structure of a Filme its Blood-vessels and Pith and Figure of the Stemm 945. Its Surfaces and Margents and oblong and broad Filaments and Fringes of the Stemm and of the colours of Feathers and their production 946. And uses of Feathers Ferments of the Stomach some work by Secretion others by Precipitation 301 Ferments are active Bodies affected with spirituous saline and sulphureous parts exalted by heat 301 Of the nervous Liquor a Ferment of the Stomach 301 Ferments work upon some Bodies of agreeable temper though in the main of an opposite Ibid. Ferments are most in Bulk and great in Virtue 302 Ferments work in Bodies opened by airy and aethereal Particles Ibid. Ferments compounded of small Parts are easily brought into action by reason they cannot oppose the contest of contrary Agents 302 Ferments endued with Angles do more easily insinuate themselves into laxe Bodies Ibid. Ferments agreeing in Figure have a disposition to motion Ibid. The serous Ferment of the Stomach is severed from the Blood 305 Serous Liquor is ministerial to the concoction of Aliment in the Stomach Ibid. The serous Ferment of the Stomach is not acted with acide but saline Particles which is evident in the Stomach of Fish 308 The various Ferments of the Stomach do embody with the homogeneous part of Aliment and precipitate the Heterogeneous 309 Fermentation is double in concoction the first perfective in the extraction of Aliment The Second corruptive in point of excrements the reliques of Concoction 317 Fermentation doth not only consist in Acids but in mutual opposition of contrary Agents proceeding from Heterogeneous Elements 402 Ferments of the Kidneys 479 The Fluor Albus or Whites and their difference from the Menstrua 584 The cause of the Fluor Albus which containeth many kinds of Recrements 584. And how it is conveyed into the Cavity of the Womb Ibid. Natural and artificial Fermentation of Liquors how they hold Analogy with those of Man's Body 17 Artificial Fermentation in point of Aliment as that of Doe Beer-Wort c 18 19 The Fermentation in point of Aliment and the Cures of it 20 21 Fermentation in Animals hath great affinity with Vegetables 21 Various Ferments productive of intestine motion in reference to alimentary and vital Liquor 22 The different operation of Ferments some by ebullition others by precipitation Ibid. Ferments which are most potent consist of different Elements working briskly in contrary Agents Ibid. Fermentation is made by an expansive and also by a precipitating power 25 The first Ferment of Chyle is Salival Liquor in the Mouth The second are the serous and nervous Liquors in the Stomach The third is the pancreatick juyce The fourth is nervous Liquor in the Glands of the Mesentery 27 The Fermentative Power of aethereal and airy Particles advancing the Chyle and Blood of Humane Bodies 28 The descript on of a Fever and the cause of it and Borellus his Opinion 753 And the causes of a Fever 755 Fevers proceeding form a Succus Pancreaticus 759. And Fevers that are continued have no perfect intermission but remission only 759 The kinds of continued Fevers and their several steps and crisis 760 761 The nature and symptomes of malignant Fevers and how the Blood is putrefied and the bond of mixtion dissolved in them 762 And the way how infection is made 763 Of a Quartan intermittent Fever 764 And of its Cure 765 The Cures of intermittent Fevers 766. And the Cures of continued 767 A great instance of Poison imitating the types and periods of malignant Fevers Ibid. The Fibres of the Brain are implanted into the Cortex and propagate the Processes of the Brain into the Medulla Spinalis 1071. The Fibrils of the Brain and Cerebellum are composed of many Filaments 1191 The Fibrils are rendred Tense in the exercise of Sense and Motion 798 The numerous Fibrils of the Brain coagulated into Trunks about the Medulla oblongata 1085 The progress of the Fibres of the Brain 1090
Fistulas are to be made Green wounds before they can be cured 147 Fleshy and tendinous Fibres how they differ in colour and consistence 100 Flowers the preservatives of Seeds 664 Cups the preservatives of Flowers 664 Variety of Cups in the same Page Flowers have various shapes and sizes 665 Fluide part 3 Fluor Albus 584 to 587 Flying of Birds in which the wing is enlarged by Tensors and by Flexors contracting the Cubite and Flexors contracting the third Bone of the wing 119. And the Adductors or pectoral Muscles are the elevators of the wings 119 In Flying the wings resemble Oars and Trains Rudders of Vessels governing them in flight 120 Flight is managed by condensing the Air caused by frequent strokes of the wings made by Adductors and Abductors 120 The Flux Pox is to be cured by gentle Sudorificks mixed with cooling and incrassating Medicines 65 In Flying Birds have various postures upward downward and obliquely 121. Soaring is caused by depressing the Wing and obliquely by one wing Ibid. In flying the chief motion of the Wing is made downwards and the elevation is made in order to it 121 The flying of Insects and their wings are dressed with many rows of Fibrils and are covered with sine Feathers or Down and their Wings are carried up and down by Adductors and Abductors 123 Finns in Fish do somewhat resemble Wings and are both instituted by nature for motion Flying and Swimming have somewhat of Analogy 126 The Fornix its Connexion and Rise Surfaces c. 1014 1015 Fraenum of the Yard 537 G. PArts of Generation in Man 511 to 526 Parts of Generation in the Males of Beasts 542 546 Parts of Generation in the Cocks of â—irds 547 Parts of Generation in the Males of Fish 548 to 550 Parts of Generation in the Males of Insects 550 Parts of Generation in a Woman Mons veneris Labia pudendi Nymphae Clitoris Hymen Carunculae Myrtiformes 559 to 562 The Principles and manner of Generation 617 to 624 Generation of diverse parts of the Body is accomplished by various accretions proceeding from different Salts 620 The power of the imagination in giving a Figure to the Foetus in reference to Generation Generation of a Humane Foetus 624 The order how the several parts are formed 624 to 629 Generation of a Foetus in Birds and its various processes and parts 648 to 654 Parts of Generation in Birds 654 to 659 Parts of Generation in Animals and Insects 660 to 663 The manner how Insects are Generated 662 Parts of Generation in Plants 664 to 678 The several steps in the Generation of a Foetus 525 626 627 628. Glands of the Liver 435 to 439 Glands leaning upon the Kidneys 472 Glands of the Yard 536 Glands of the Uterus 569 Glands are reductive and excretory conglobated or conglomerated 43 Glands that are Secretory are formed of variety of vessels of different shapes and sizes 43 The Glandula Pinealis and of its situation figure substance dimensions and vessels 1020. And of its use 1022 Glands of the Plexus Choroides and the Glands of the Cerebellum 1023 The Glandula pituitaria and its seat figure substance and use 1024. And Diemerbroeck's Opinion concerning the use of this Gland 1025 Another use of the Glans Pituitaria 1026 Gulet 252 The Muscles of the Gulet 253 Gulets of Beasts 254 Gulets of Birds 255 Gulets of Fish 256 Gulets of Insects 257 Pathology of the Gulet 260 to 263 The Gumms Teeth Palate and Tongue are instruments of Mastication 207 Guts or Intestines 344 to 354 Guts of Beasts 355 356 Guts of Birds 357 358 Guts of Fish 358 to 361 Guts of Insects 362 The concoctive Faculty of the Guts 363 to 366 Expulsive faculty of the Guts 366 to 370 Pathology of the Guts and its Cure 370 to 384 The Guts described 344 The Guts are made hollow and endued with various Maeanders 344 The First Tunicle of the Guts and why called Tendinous Ibid. The Second Tunicle of the Guts is endued with two ranks of Carnous fibres The Carnous fibres of the Guts the cause of their peristaltick motion 344 The Third coat of the Guts is nervous and may be called Glandulous as beset with many Glands Ibid. The Gut called Duodenum 348 The Gut called Jejunum Ibid. The Guts called Ilia whose Valves stand more close then those of the Jejunum Ibid. The Caecum so called from its one Orifice 350 The situation and progress of the Colon. 353 The Guts are beset with numerous Glands 354 The Guts and Stomach have the same structure and one continued Cavity 363 The concoctive faculty of the Guts is also performed by the serous and nervous Liquor as proper Ferments 365 The inward nervous coat of the Guts receiveth the Appulses of the Contents 368 This coat of the Guts is irritated by the sharp and saline Particles of the bilious and pancreatick Recrements 368 Inflammations of the Guts and Vlcers 373 374 H. OF the Hair as an outward covering of the Head and the opinion of the Antients concerning it and how Hair is generated Non per appositionem sed intus susceptionem alimenti 942. The first production of the Hair and of its Figure 943 The colours and use of Hair and how it is nourished 944 The Hair of Insects and how the Silkworms are covered with down and Flies with Hair and a Silver Moth dressed with Feathers or Down And Spiders covered with short Haâ—r 951. Wandring Mites are beset with light Hair And the Legs of Crab-like Insects with Brisles Happiness in conforming our desires to Gods Will 512 Of Hearing and the manner how it is celebrated 935 The Flexors of the Head called Musculi Mastoeidei and of the Tensors of the Head Complexi Splenii recti Majores Minores and their originations and insertions 1064 Of the motion of the Musculi superiores inferiores of the Head and how the Head is not moved circularly and the lateral motion is made by one Mastoidean Muscle Heart its Coat and the use and the situation 714 And its Connexion Dimensions Figure Surface Fibres Tendons Ventricles 715. And the Fibres do somewhat resemble a Skain of Thread The several ranks of Fibres and their progress and insertion 716. The spiral Fibres besetting the Cone 717 And it s Parenchyma is different from that of other Viscera 717 The Heart and its motion walls and various ranks of Fibres 725 The motion of the Heart illustrated by Borellus by a Clew of moistened Thread 726 And the outward perimeter of the Rope observeth the same dimensions in motion and the inward Spires are acted with unequal Corrugations as they come near the center 727 And the Analogy between the fleshy Fibres of the Heart and the threads of the Rope 728 The reason why the Fibres of the Heart are spiral In the Heart many tendinous Fibres are inserted into the carnous 729 And the manner of its motion Ibid. The Heart in point of motion hath the Cavities of the Ventricles
lessened 730 Which is performed by carnous Fibres acted by animal Liquor and Spirits rendring them tense 731 The motion of the Heart and its Pathology its Syncope Lypothymy and their causes 732 733 The palpitation of the Heart and its causes 734 735 The Cures of the palpitation 736 The Convulsive motions of the Heart and their causes 737 The diseases of the Heart an Inflammation Abscess Vlcers and their Cures 769 The obstruction of the Ventricles of the Heart 770 A Polypus of the Heart and its kinds and causes 771 The Hearts of great Animals 773 The Hearts of Birds 774 The Hearts of Fish 777 The Hearts of Insects 778 Heat of the Stomach and its Pathology 299 to 301 Hernia varicosa 554 Hernia ventosa and its Cure 555 A Hiccop is a Convulsive motion of the Stomach 340 A Hiccop derived sometimes from Inflation and othertimes from the putrefaction of the Intestines and from the Inflammation of the Liver 342 A Hiccop from the Convulsive motion of the Midrisse 342 Hiccop from a pestilential Fever Ibid. A Hiccop from an ill Succus nutricius Ibid. Diverse more causes of Hiccops and their Cures 343 Holes of the Guts which are the terminations of the excretory vessels of the Glands 354 Horror and Rigor in intermittent Fevers proceed from the vellication of the carnous Membrane caused by sharp steams of the Blood 77 Hunger 279 to 281 The requisites of Hunger 281 The object of Hunger 280 Hydatides of the Scrotum and their cause 555 Hydrocele and its Cure 554 Hymen or a Membrane seated in the Vagina Uteri 562 I. JAundies and its Causes and Cure 467 468 469 470. Muscles of the lower Jawe 244 245 246 Iliack passion coming from the distortion of the Guts 375 The Iliack passion coming from one part of the Guts shooting it self into another The Iliack passion when the lower part of the Guts is thrust into the upper 376 The Iliack passion when the upper part of the Guts is thrust into the lower Ibid. The Iliack passion proceeding from a cartilaginous Matter stopping the Flux 377 Impure mixtures and their sad consequents 510 Inflammation of the Skin proceeding from the Blood stagnant in the Cutaneous Glands 57 Inflammation of the inward and noble parts indicate Bleeding in the Small Pox 63 Inflammation of the Membrana carnosa in the Neck 77 Infundibulum and of the Glands adjacent to it and their use and the end of the Infundibulum 1022 The manner how the Imagination concurreth to the production of Monsters 622 Inosculations of Arteries with Arteries and Veins with Veins in the spermatick Vessels 517 Inosculations of the Epigastrick and mammary Nervâ—s 89 In Inspiration the dimensions of the Thorax are enlarged and narrowed in expiration 829 In Inspiration the Air is immitted into the Lungs 831 And Borellus his experiment how much the Breast is dilated in Inspiration 831 Itch and Scabs and their cause salt Particles and the infection it produces 60 61 The cure of Itch and Scabs K. KIdneys and their Situation Connexion Figure Surfaces and Membranes 473 474 The texture and colour of the Kidneys Ibid. Kidneys of Beasts 480 Kidneys of Birds 481 Kidneys of Fish 482 Stones of the Kidneys 489 to 492 The Stones of the Kidneys and their Causes and Cures 491 492 493 444 The Blood-vessels Nerves and Vrinary-vessels of the Kidneys 476 477 The Glands of the Kidneys and their Figure and Connexion 477 478 The Globules of the Kidneys are composed of many Glands 478 The Pathology of the Kidneys Iscury Diabetes 483 484 Inflammation Abscess Vlcers and Gangreen of the Kidneys and their Cures 487 L. LAbia pudendi 559 The Origen of the Lacteal vessels out of various Guts 354 Leprosy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and their Cures 72 73 A Lethargy is accompanied with a Fever 1125 The nature of a Lethargy and of its seat symptomes and causes 1131 1132 Letters how they are formed 237 238 Leucophymatia proceeding from crude Chyme lodged in the Muscles 320 Lienteria proceeding from want of Ferments of the Guts 370 Ligaments of the Womb 573 Broad Ligaments of the Womb Ibid. Round Ligaments of the Womb 574 Of Light in order to Seeing and of its description and of the nature of a Ray transmitted through a Similar in a right line and of the reflexion of Rays in an opaque Body 890 The Figure of Rays and how they are emitted Hemisphaerially and points relating to lucide Bodies are not purely Mathematical Rays are infinite in number minute in quality and quick in motion and make it in right lines in a Homogeneous medium and are reflected from an opaque Body and refracted in a heterogeneous Medium 891 Rays of Light are inflected in a Plane as well as a sphaerical Body and are diffused into an Orbe 892 The Ray of Light is made in a right line and the Ray of Incidence and reflexion make equal Angles The beginning of reflected Rays make a kind of Arch and the manner of Rays reflected from on opaque Body 893 A right motion of Rays of Light degenerates into a circular as encountring into an opaque Body and refraction of Light is made in different transparent Mediums and a rare Medium giveth a less opposition to a Ray 894 Linea Alba is a contexture made up of diverse tendinous Fibres 950 Lips are a spungy flesh invested with a thin Skin 203 The Lips are furnished with many pairs of Muscles 204 The Lips have an orbicular Muscle interlined with many Glands 205 The Lips are perverted with Spasmus Cynicus and Palsey 206 Liquors acted with vital and animal Spirits are the immediate Organs of the Soul 202 Liquors of Man's Body 198 to 202 The Liquors of Animals are rendred Fermentative as inspired with Air 38 The various choice of the Liquors of the Body 1084 The Liquors are received into the extremities of the Vessels as they hold Analogy with them in size and shape 1084 Liquors impregnated with volatil Salt and embodied with oily Particles 1147 Description of the Liver and its Surfaces Situation Connexion Ligaments Motion and Figure 428 429 The Membrane Arteries Veins Capsula communis and Sinus of the Liver 430 431 432 The excretory vessels and Porus Bilarius and Capsula Communis of the Liver 433 434 The Glands of the Liver 435 436 In Fish the Glands resemble Trefoil 437 The Globules of the Liver consist of many Angles Ibid. The use of the Liver 462 Inflammation and Mortification Dropsy and Jaundies 466 467 The Scirrhus of the Liver and the Hydatides 470 471 Pathology of the Liver and its Cures 465 to 471 Livers of Beasts 447 to 449 Livers of Birds 449 to 450 Livers of Fish 451 452 Lungs their Situation Lobes Connexion Figure and Membranes 796 Hypocrates Cicero and Malpighius his Opinion of the Lungs 796 In the Lungs the vesicles of Air are appendant to the Tracheae their Seat Connexion Substance Figure and Vse 798. The vessels of the Lungs 799 Lungs of greater Animals Lungs
of Birds 804 805 Lungs and Gills of Fish 806 Lungs of Frogs Lizards Vipers c. 808 Lungs of Insects 809 The Lungs have no proper principle of Motion as destitute of fleshy Fibres The Lungs in their Systole and Diastole do not keep time with the pulsaâ—â—â—n of the Heart 830 Of the Pathology of the Lungs and its Cures Of an Inflammation and its causes and sometimes a Peripneumonia is accompanied with a Pleurisy and othertimes a Hemiplegia and Apoplexy follow it The Prognosticks Indications and Cures 842 843 An Abscess of the Lungs and its causes 845 The Structure Coats and Rise of the Lymphaeducts of the Liver 439 to 441 The Colour Rise and Composition of the Lympha 441 to 444 The Motion and Vse of the Lympha 443 Hydatides coming from a quantity of Lympha 446 Pathology of the Lymphaeducts 444 to 447 The Lymphaeducts are broken by a quantity of Lympha The depraved action of the Lymphaeducts 445 Lymphaeducts their rise and progress from the Liver 390 The broken Lymphaeducts are a cause of a Dropsie 446 The Lymphaeducts corroded by Vlcerous Matter 396 M. OF a Mania or Madness and how it is akin to Melancholy of its Definition Subject and Symptomes illustrated by Mineral Waters 1156. And how the Animal Spirits move in Mad persons and of the cause of this Disease 1157. And of its Origen and evident causes 1158. Of Madness succeeding Melancholy or a Phrensy flowing chiefly from an ill mass of Blood and from an ill Pancreas 1159 Madness is sometimes Hereditary and of its causes and is propagated from the venenate nature of Blood 1160 And how in this Disease the poison coming from the biting of a Mad Dog is conveyed to the Heart Ibid. The symptomes of Madness and Aetiology and the cause of the Rage in Madness and how the Brain is swelled in this disease and cometh sometimes from the putrefaction of the Coats and substance of the Brain 1161 The Indications of Madness and how Bleeding out of the Jugular and Temporal Artery are very proper and also Vomitories are very advantageous in this disease 1162 Mercurial Medicines and strong Purgatives Chalybeats clarified Whey prepared with Cephalicks Electuaries Apozemes c. 163 In Madness Hyponoticks may be administred as also Cupping-Glasses Leeches and attractive Medicines to a wounded part as also Cauteries 1164 Mamillary Processes and their Perforations and how they cannot be truly called Nerves and of the Cavities of the mamillary Processes 1040 Marriage is of Divine Institution 513 Marrow proceeds from the oily Particles of the Blood and of its use 1214 Measles and their Cure 62 63 Mediastine is a duplicature of the Pleura and of its structure 695 And of its vessels and uses 696 The Medium of Flying and Swimming agree as fluid and differ in consistence 126 The Medulla oblongata and its appendant Processes its Connexion The Thalami nervorum opticorum and the rise of the optick Nerves 1017 The Natiforme Processes are larger then the Testiforme and of their covering and colours of the inward Protuberancies and some Physicians conceive the Natiforme and Testiforme Processes to be the Origens of the Cerebellum and of the use of these Processes 1018 A Process of the Medulla oblongata called the Pons Varolii or annular Process which is a part of the Medulla oblongata and of its use and of the fourth Ventricle of the Brain 1019 Of the Medulla Spinalis or â—ith of the Back which hath not the nature of Marrow and is an elongation of the Medulla oblongata and is composed of four orbicular Processes and how the Medulla Spinalis is not the Origen of the Brain as Learned Malpighius would have it 1070 The Fibres of the Medulla Spinalis are illustrated by Malpighius according to a Cabbage but this seemeth to be strange by reason the alimentary Liquor out of the Medulla Spinalis is different in order from that of a Cabbage The Medulla Spinalis is acted by Liquor coming from the Brain 1072 The Medulla Spinalis and Brain have their Conception at the same time Ibid. The Medulla Spinalis is double and of its substance 1072 The Coats of the Medulla Spinalis and is divided into equal parts 1073 And is parted by the Pia Mater Ibid. Each side of the Medulla Spinalis hath proper Channels to convey the Latex nervosus and the Medulla Spinalis is like the Brain in substance and vessels 1074 The various Blood-vessels of the Medulla Spinalis and how the Arteries come from the ascendent and descendent Trunk of the Aorta and how the Arteries meet in a common Trunk and of the Spinal Artery 1075 The vertebral Arteries in Beasts unite in the Medulla Spinalis The third branch of the vertebral Artery is dispensed into the Chine The Arteries of the Chine do often inosculate and resemble a chain of Rings and Arteries of the Spine are implanted into the Rete mirabile and the Arteries meet and make numerous Anastomoses all along the Chine 1076 The use of the inosculations of the Spinal Arteries and of the Sinus of the Medulla Spinalis and of their use and of the first venous Channel belonging to the Sinus and of the other venous Channel and of the entercourse of the Sinus and of the veins of the Medulla Spinalis 1078 The Sinus of the Medulla Spinalis are like Veins and of their elegant divarications and how they are propagated from the Sinus Muscles are the efficient cause of local Motion 1089 Of Melancholy and its description difference and of various Fancies and how it is called Vniversal or Particular and of its Symptomes 1146 The antecedent and continent cause of Melancholy and of the cause and manner how Melancholy operates 1148 And of Melancholy coming from an Atrabilarian Humor and from the Praecordia and Blood 1149 Some conceive the Melancholy is seated in the Womb and how it proceedeth from sanious Matter 1150 Melancholy also cometh from an obstruction of the Uterus 1151 Of the Cure of Melancholy by good Diet and by Correcting the acide disposition of the Blood by Antiscorbuticks and by Chalybeats 1153 And by other methods of Physick and Medicines 1155 Melicer des 142 Membrana Adiposa 73. And is accommodated with many Cells 75. And Carnous in Bruits 74 Its Situation and Connexion 76 The Membrana Musculorum communis the common covering of the Muscles 78 79 80 Membranes are contextures of carnous Fibrils 201 Membranes endued with minute Pores may be colatories of the Blood 182 Membranes may be colatories of the Blood 76 Membranes encircling the Foetus 635 Membranes of the Ovaries of Fish 636 Menstruous Flux and its cause manner time c. 576 to 578 Pathalogy of the Menstruous Flux 579 The suppression of the Menstrua 580 The immoderate Flux of the Menstrua 582 The menstruous Flux suppressed and its causes and Cures 579 580 581 582 The menstruous Flux immoderately flowing and its cause and a Gangreen of the Womb as a consequent of it 582 583
a Muscle of the Larynx and another Branch is dispersed into the Muscles of the Os Hioides 1053 The Tenth pair of Nerves hath many Fibres from the Spine Ibid. The manner how the nervous Liquor maketh its progress through the Processes of the Brain 1071 Of the Neck and its use 1063 Of the Nerves sprouting out of the Medulla Spinalis the Description Substance Origen of the Nerves and Compage of the Medulla Spinalis 1079 The reason how the Medulla Spinalis is the Parent of many pair of Nerves and how every Verteber hath a pair of Nerves and of the First and Second pair of Nerves and a Branch of the First pair is inserted into the Flexors of the Neck and of the Second pair of vertebral Nerves belonging to the Neck and of the Origen of the Second 1080 The Third pair of spinal Nerves relating to the Neck which is divided into four branches and the Muscles into which the Eibres of the third pair are inserted and of the fourth pair of vertebral Nerves belonging to the Neck and of the fifth pair of spinal Nerves 1081 The sixth seventh and eighth pair of spinal Nerves relating to the Neck and of the First pair of Nerves belonging to the Back and the Twelfth pair of Nerves And of the First pair of Nerves relating to the Loins and of the Second and Third 1082 And of the Fourth and Fifth pair of vertebral Nerves and of the five pair of Nerves arising out of the Os Sacrum and the last of the vertebral Nerves is single and therefore called Sine pari 1083 Of Nervous Liquor its Materia substrata and manner of it and is improved by motion and impregnated with volatil Salt in the Brain 1084 The Nerves are rendred stiff and plump by Animal Spirits 1090 The Nervous Liquor and Animal Spirits of Man are more spirituous and excellent then those of Beasts 1094 The Nerves of the Brain of Fish do sprout out of the Processes of the Medulla oblongata 1109 O. OPaque and dense Bodies 13 14 15 16 Organick parts 3 Ovaries and Eggs of Birds 646 to 648 Ovaries of Fish 654 to 659 Oviducts of Fish 658 Coats of the Oviducts of Fish 656 The Glands of the Oviducts of Fish 658 Ovaries of Silk-worms 660 The Tunicles Air-vessels and carnous Fibres of the Ovaries 661 Ovaries or Testicles of Women and their Description Figure and Protuberancies 588 The Coats of the Ovaries and their Substance and preparing Vessels 589 The difference between the Testicles of Men and Women Ibid. The Glands and Lymphaeducts of Ovaries 590 The Vesicles of Ovaries are Eggs furnished with diverse Liquors 591 Ova or Eggs are found in all kinds of Animals Ibid. The difference between the Vesicles of Ovaries and Hydatides 592 The Oviducts or Deferent Vessels of a Woman 593 The Eggs or Vesicles of the Testicles pass through the Oviducts to receive a greater perfection in the Uterus 593 The Ova are parted from each other by an intervening Glandulous substance Ibid. And are carried through the small passage of the Oviducts Diemerbroeck opposeth the Hypothesis of Eggs and Oviducts in Women with many Arguments and the Authors reply 594 595 596 The spirituous parts of the semen do ascend the Oviducts and impraegnate the Ova or Eggs of Women 597 The contraction of the Carnous Fibres of the Womb and Oviducts carry the Seed upward to the Ovarys and is Confirmed by Fallopius who saw Seed in the Oviducts 600 The Authors Opinion how the semen ascends the Oviducts to the Ovarys 601 The impraegnated Ova or Eggs are carried through the Oviducts into the bosome of the Uterus 661 The Oviducts are not ligaments as some would have it 602 The Description of the Oviducts 602 The Fimbriae and progress and coates of the Oviducts 603 The Globules of the Ovarys are a Company of Glands 607 The Diseases of the Ovarys or Testicles of Women and their tumors proceeding from various matter 614 615 An Inflammation Abscess Vlcer and Hydatides of Ovarys 615 A Dropsy Atheromes Steatomes of the Ovarys 616 Of Osteology 1213 P. THe Pair of the Head proceeding from sharp fumes of the Stomach and the Authors Opinion concerning it 985 Inflammation and the description of the pain of the Head 994 and of its Causes the ill Nervous Liquor and watry recrements of the Blood 922 Palate of Man and other Animals 219 to 224 The Palate of Man is garnished with many Glands and resembleth a Tree 219. The use of the Palate 223 Pancreas 398 to 402 Pancreas of Beasts 403 404 Pancreas of Eirds and Fish 404 The substance Figure situation and Magnitude of the Pancreas 398 Diseases of the Pancreas 405 to 410 The Insertion of the Pancreas into the Duodenum 399 A Woman having two Pancreatick Ducts Ibid. The Pancreatick Ducts in various Animals 400 The Pancreatick Duct in Barbils and Carps are inserted into the Stomach Ibid. The Pancreatick Glands are so many strainers of the Blood Ibid. The Pancreatick Juice is sometimes Insipid 401 The Intestine motion of the Chyle proceeding from the Pancreatiek Juice mixed with the saline parts of Bile as Dr. Graaf will have it 401 Inflammations Abscesses Vlcers Steatomes Cancer Sâ—irrhus of the Pancreas and the Obstruction of the Panecreatick Duct 405 406 Convulsive Motions of the Pancreas coming from an ill Panecratick Juice Ibid. Diseases proceeding from want of excess of Pancreatick Juice Ibid. Pancreatick Liquor being sour is the cause of a Rheumatism Arthritis Diarrhaeas Dysenteries c. 408 Pancreatick Liquor being Acid and mixed with Bile produceth Atrabilarian Humours and is the Cause of Hypocondriacal Diseases 409 The Cure of Diseases relating to the Pancreas Ibid. Parastates and deferent Vessels 526 to 529 to 538 Parastates or Epididymides and their Origen Figure Connexions substance and flexures c. 526 527 Passio Caeliaca being the weakened Concoctive faculty of the Guts 370 Penis or Yard 534 Diseases of the Penis and its Cures 557 558 Diseases of the Penis as distortion Priapism Inflammations Vlcers Gangreens and Mortifications 557 558 Perforations of the abdominal Muscles by spermatick Vessels 88 The Pericardium or Capsula of the Heart its structure Origen Membranes Connexion Vessels Figure 709 Of its Liquor and Origen 710 The Diseases of the Pericardium and its Cure of an Inflammation and its causes and the Pericardium adherent to the Heart 712 The Pericardium of other Animals 713 The Pericranium its situation and Composition and its continuation to the Dura Mater by Fibrils and of its Blood Vessels and Nerves 953. How the Pericranium is sensible as a Contexture of Nerves and of the Periostium its situation Blood Vessels and Nerves 954 The Peristaltick motion of the Guts being inversed causeth Vomiting 336 Of the Palsey and how the functions of Sense and motion are lessened and abolished in it and the cause of the resolution of the Nerves and how the Origen of the Nerves may be stopped by a gross Nervous Liquor and of the Cause of it 119â—
And the Origen of the Nerves are straightned by the Tumors of the adjacent parts and in this Disease the progress of the Fibrils may have their Filaments overclose and the solution of the unity of parts may be a cause of the Palsey And a Palsey often succeedeth an Apoplexy and the cause of a Palsey is more or less universal and the cause why sense remaineth when motion is taken away and how the Compression of the Corpora Striata hindereth the progress of the animal Liquor and of the seate of the Palsey 1192. Of the various Causes of a Palsey 1193. A Palsey is sometimes a consequent of other Diseases 1194 As to the Cure of a Palsey a Consequent of an Apoplexy Bleeding Vomitings Purgatives Cephalick Medicines as also Vesicatories are profitable sometimes a Palsey succeeds Convulsive Motions Epileptick Fits and sometimes pains of the Stomach and Guts 1194 An Arthritis sometimes degenerates into a Palsey and how Scorbutick habits of Bodies are obnoxious to it and sometimes it proceeds à Soluta unitate Cranij 1195 A Palsey coming from a bruised Medulla Spinalis and an ill Mass of Blood is the antecedent cause of it and the locomotive faculty is lessened and abolished by the defect of animal Spirits and of the cause of tremulous Motions and of the many kinds of a Palsey 1196 In one kind the sensitive faculty is lost and the motive preserved and how the motion is taken away by the paucity or indisposition of animal Spirits 1197 The Prognosticks of a Palsey 1197 An habitual Palsey claims a peculiar Cure and a respect must be had to the Sex res Naturales In the Cure of this Disease Medicines prepared with Cephalicks Antiscorbuticks Chalybeates as also Vomitaries Purgatives Alteratives as Cephalick Electuaries Apocemes destilled Water c. are proper 1199. As also Spirits of Salt Armoniack succinated Harts-Horn Sut Blood and Tinctures of Turpentine Antimony Amber or Elixir Proprietatis Bezoar Minerale Trochises and Pills natural Baths Antiscorbutick Juices Electuaries and Diet Drinks are proper 1200 As also Pills made of Milleipedes and testaceous Powders and Diaphoreticks are also very useful and Mercurial Medicines may be advised in a stubborn Palsey And Topicks may be applied when universal evacuations have been made 1201 The Cure of Diseases relating to the Pancreas Ibid. Passio Caeliaca being the weakned concoctive Faculty of the Guts 370 The manner how purging Medicines do operate 337 The requisites of a Peristaltick motion 367 The diverse kinds of the Peristaltick motion Ibid. The Peristaltick motion of the Guts proceeding from a stupide Nervous Coate doth indicate Cephalicks 371 Perspiration being too free causeth a great faintness 57 Phrenitis how it is a high Degree of a delirium and its Description 1140. Of the essence of this Disease and in what it consists and whence it proceeds 1141 Phrenitis coming from an Vlcer of the Dura Mater and from an inflammation of the substance of the Brain and from the Plexus Choroeides 1142. And from recrements vitiating the Nervous Liquor and of the evident Causes and Diagnosticks of Phrensy 1143 The Pia Mater may be inflamed without the Tumour of the Brain 1141 Pia Mater and its Blood Vessels and serous Vesicles and the use of it 986 The Figure of this Membrane and Progress of its Blood Vessels and how it may be severed from the Brain in its putrefaction 997 And how the Arterys of one side of the Brain do inosculate with those of the other 987 The Arterys do not inosculate with the Jugular Veins 988 Pipes of the Air and sap are so many preparing Vessels seated in the Cups leaves of Flowers and Stamina 668 Placenta Uterina its Origen Situation Colour and figure 630 The Surfaces and Glands and Vessels of the Placenta 631 632 The Placenta is furnished with many Fibres and of the uses of the Placenta 634 Pleura its situation figure Connexion and Membranes 694 and its Fibres Perforations Origen duplicature making the Mediastine and uses 695 Pleurisy its description differences 700 and causes Prognosticks indications and Cures 702 703 The various kinds of Plastick Vertues in the semen 619 620 Porus Bilarius 457 458 459 Porus Bilarius and its Description and how the Branches of the Vena Porta are encircled with one common Capsula 457 The Vessels of the Porus Bilarius and Porta have no inosculation 458 The Porus Bilarius hath no Valves but only an oblique insertion into the Duodenum 458 Potâ—lent matter requireth less Concoction then esculent 309 The Small-Pox attended with a great pain of the Head and a great Cough 55 The beginning of the Measles and Small-Pox 56 and the state 57 Small-Pox and its Cure 62 to 68 Pretious Stones how they are fluide in their Origen and of their Geometrical figures and Transparences 881 882 Progressive motion relating to Man 107 115 Progressive motion of four-footed Animals 115 to 118 Progressive Motion and how it is managed by several motions of the Limbs making various angles with the Area and Trunk of the Body 106 In Progressive Motion the Foot is moved from the Heel to the Toes upon the Floor somewhat after the manner of a sphaerical Body moving upon a plain And the Heel receiving the weight of the Body in a new step and afterward the Foot being clapped to the Floor maketh a kind of acute angle with it and an obtuse with the bended Trunk and a right one with the Leg 107 Progressive Motion is celebrated by the various flexions and tensions of the Thighs Leggs and Feet 107 In Progressive Motion the center of gravity is transferred from Limb to Limb alternately 108 In Progressive Motion the weight of the Body resteth perpendicularly upon the hinder Limb and the Body being bent forward and the weight being carried beyond the perpendicular must necessarily tumble unless the center of gravity be received by the fore Limb 108 Progressive Motion being made upon diverse semicircles cannot be styled a true right motion but rather mixed Ibid. Progressive Motion and its several centers Origens Insertions and actions of Muscles 109 In Progressive Motion the upper Bones making various articulations are the centers of it 109 In Progressive Motion the Thigh is elevated by the Musculus Psoas and Iliacus Internus 110 In this Motion the Os Ilium Sacrum and Coccyx are centers of it 111 In it the flexors of the Leg put it back and in it the share Bone Coxendix are centers of motion 111 In Progressive Motion the first deportment of the fore Limb is made by the flexure of the Thigh and Leg 113 Progressive Motion in Four-footed Animals hath more centers of motion then in Bipedes 115 Progressive Motion in Brutes is formed by the decussation of the fore Limb with the hinder 115 In it in Six footed Creatures three Feet remain the Centers of motion while the other are moved Prostats their structure dimensions Vessels c. 532 533 Psora and it Causes and Cure 61 Pthisis or
diverse dispositions and Fibres 623 The Concreted power of the Seed seated in these Fibres is acted with diverse kinds of salts 623 The order how the parts of the Body are formed out of the Seed Ibid. Seminal Vessels and their Common Duct 523 Seminal Vesicles their structure length many cells and use 529 Seminal Vesicles and their Glandulous substance 531 The seminal Vesicles supplied the place of Testicles whereupon a Man enjoyed a Woman without Testicles 532 The seminal Liquâ—â— of Man its Description and Liquors of which it is made and how derived from all parts of the Body whereupon the Liquors constituting the semen receive their Figures and likeness 539 The Materia Substrata of semen and its parts 504 541 Of sight in which various Images of things are arayed with beams of Light which decussate each other about the Cornea 895 Rays of the sight are made good by an experiment and the Rays must intersect each other or meet which is inconsistent with the Nature of right Lines diverse experiments relating to seeing 896. An experiment proving the intersection of the visible Rays fetched from Nature and the intersection of Rays produce the perception of the Object in due order and situation and a right Ray moveth more strongly then an oblique 897 The Rays of sight represent every point of the object and are direct reflexe and refracted And a Ray called Orthogonos maketh no refraction and of the point of Incidence and of refraction toward the perpendicular and of the Incident Ray and of the refracted Ray 898 In Sight are made diverse refractions of Rays and the Ray passing through the Eye to the Cornea is refracted to the perpendicular and the Ray passing through the Cornea to the watry Humor is refracted from the perpendicular and the Ray of Refraction at the Cristalline Humor and at the vitreous and the manner of Refraction at the Retina 899 The visible Rays are conceived to be five And they do not terminate in Mathematical but Physical points And the Retina is the immediate Organ of sight and the Fibrils of the Retina are not transmitted through the Humours to the more remote tunicles of the Eyes 900 How the vitreous Humour contributeth to sight and the various modelling of the Cristalline Humour is made by the motion of the ciliary processes and how an object transmitted through a Hole of the Wall is lively Painted upon a Paper 901 Glasses do much contribute to the more plain Reception of an Object And the Images of things are best seen in a Paper seated near a hole in an obscure place which disappear in a light Room The cause of a disorderly position of a visible Object 902 The Image in reference to sight is obscured by a thin Plate and a large hole rendreth the Image confused 903 The manner how the Image is obscured by a darkned point of a Convex Glass and a visible Object emitteth Rays in every point and many Rays may be refracted into one point of a Convex Glass 904 A hole made through the hole of a Wall somewhat resembleth the pupil of the Eye and the Paper placed at a due distance from the Eye resembleth the Retina and the hole without a Glass giveth an obscure resemblance of an Object 905. The motion of the visible Rays is pyramidal and the Rays are intersected before they enter into the pupil of the Eye and the disorderly situation of the Object maketh it confused and the reason of the motive Power of the Uvea and ciliary processes 906 A short model of sight and variety of apparencies proceed from different dispositions of Diaphanous Mediums and different colours may be feched from several lights and shades caused by diverse prominencies and Cavities of Bodys 907 The Rays after intersection are contracted into a Cone in the pupil of the Eye And the Rays are rendred stronger as united in the parabolical figure of the Cristalline Humour and the Image of the object is brought to a due situation upon the Retina 908 Of the manner of sensation 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 Dr. Willis Opinion about sensation 1087 and the Nature of it 1088 The manner of sensitive perception 1089 Septum Lucidum 1008 How the serous Liquor or recrements of the Brain come as some would have it and in truth distill out of the Glands of the Choroidal Plex 1041 The manner how the serous Liquor is percolated in the Brain 1071 Septum of the Yard 534 The serous Vessels seated among the Anfractus of the Brain and of their Figure 999 Of the four sinus of the Brain and of the two Lateral and how they meet in one called the Torcular and of the third sinus 983 Outward Skin it s produced by seminal and repaired when lost by Nervous Liquor 47 Inward Skin is a contexture of diverse Vessels and fixed by diverse Vessels and the Membrana Musculorum Communis the Coates and Parenchyma of the Skin and Glandulous covering and their Ducts 49 50 51 Of the Skin of Fish and Shells and of the Skin of Insects 49 The Diseases of the Skin 54 to 62 The Cure of the Diseases of the Skin 62 to 71 Of the Skull its Origen and how it is framed conjoyned by Sutures and their several kinds of Coronal Lamdoidal c. 955 The sagittal and their uses and of the Spurious Sutures and Commissures of the Scull 956 The Tables of the Scull and Arteries Perforating the Dura Mater and Scull and of its Nutrition 957 The Meditullium of the Scull is full of Liquor derived from the Blood and how it is endued with Blood Vessels 958 Of the Glands of the Meditullium and how they may be discovered in Hydropique Bodies The different thickness and Figure of the Scull 959. And how it doth not configure the Brain and of the use of the Scull 960 The Bones of the part of the Scull called Synciput and of their Origen 962. And of the Bones of the Occiput and of its Composition Figure Connexion and Sinus and of the processes of the Occiput and of its holes 963. And of the rudiment of these Bones and the manner how they are formed 964 Of the Bones of the Scull belonging to the Temples and of their situation c. 964. Of the Perforations of these Bones and of their Origens and of the Origen of the Processus Zigomaticus Processus Styloides and of the Os Squammosum 965 Of the Sculls of Beasts of their diverse Integuments Tables Meditullium and Sutures 966 Of the Sculls of Birds of diverse Coates Tables c. 969 Of the Sculls of Fish and their Sutures c. 970 Of the Diseases of the Scull and their Cures of the wounds of the Scull the Cause of a fissure and of various kinds of fractures and the manner how to discover and the Scull is to be laid bare and when the Trepan is to be applied 971 And a care must be had in the application of the Trepan lest
effervescence of the Blood may be taken off Vomiting Bleeding and Purging are very important Vomiting Medicines do clear the Stomach of gross pituitous bilious and acid humors and put the Ventricle into a good capacity to concoct Aliment by extracting a laudable alimentary Tincture which is the Materia Substrata of Blood whose constant decay of Spirits is repaired by good Chyle The first Indication denoteth Vomitories are proper in Intermittent Fevers whereupon Intermittent Fevers flowing from undue Chyme are often Cured or much alleviated in more gentle Paroxysms by Vomitories also the Bilious Recrements are thrown out of the Liver by the common Duct into the Intestines whereupon the Blood is rendred more pure as severed from its adust Particles of Sulphur and Salt The opening a Veing in a Plethorick constitution of Body Opening a Vein is good in a Plethorick Constitution in case of these Fevers Gentle Purgatives and cooling Julaps may be safely administred doth by lessening the quantity of Blood give a more nimble Circulation and also an allay to the great Ebullition of Blood the continent cause of Fevers Gentle Purgatives consisting of opening cooling Medicines do take away the obstructions of the Liver and freely discharge the bilious humors out of it and the Blood and so rendereth it cool and depurated from its Oily Recrements The second Indication in Intermittent Fevers The second Indication denoteth good Diet is very beneficial in this case is taken from the inhibition of a depraved Chyme which is performed by exact rules of Diet that it might be thin and of easie Concoction and not over sweet oily and too spirituous So that generous Wines being taken must be mixed with serous or watry Liquors which subdue the sulphureous and spirituous parts of the Blood in reducing it to a good temper by checking its great Ebullition The third Indication is taking of the Paroxysm of Intermittent Fevers by proper Specificks The third Indication is satisfied by Specificks as by several kinds of Decocta Amara mixed with some cooling Julaps and the Cortex of Peru a most powerful and safe Medicine may be given after the Body is well prepared by Vomitories Purgatives and Venaesection cooling and cordial Julaps made of Pearl do highly temper the Blood and Testaceous Powders are proper in Fevers too as promoting Sweats and insensible transpiration breathing out the fiery steams of the Blood Salt of Carduus or Wormwood given with Conserves of Wood Sorrel as also in a Specifick Menstruum mixed with a few drops of Oyl of Vitriol or Sulphur which do give a check and often take away the Fits of Intermittent Fevers by appeasing the immoderate heat and fermentation of the Blood CHAP. XXVI Of the Cure of Continued Fevers AS to the Cure of Continued Fevers The one proceedeth from the accession of the Volatil and spirituous parts of the Blood called Febris Ephemera The second is produced by the more sulphureous Atoms inflamed styled Continua as being without any perfect 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The third kind is named Malignant as derived from poysonous Steams either precipitating the Blood into serous Particles or coagulating its red Crassament or the Chymous part the Matter of Blood which is found in Polypo Cordis à Chymo in Ventriculis Concreto Febris Ephemera consisting in the subtle parts of the Blood inflamed The first Indication of a Febris Ephemera hath three Indications The first is the Remotion of the Procatartick cause as the immoderate heat of the Sun or assumption of generous Wines playing in hot Baths violent exercise and the like The second Indication in this Fever supposeth the thin oily parts of the Blood to be allayed by cooling Juleps or discussed by plentiful Sweats The second Indication of this Fever or a free insensible transpiration The third denoteth a deflagration of the Blood The third Indication of this Disease in reducing it to its proper temper and mixtion by the perfect assimilation of the Chyme into Blood and the secretion of its Recrements in various Colatories which is accomplished by Blood-letting making good its Motion as also by a thin Diet and temperate Aperient Diuretick and Sudorifick Medicines discharging the Blood from its inflamed Volatil and more gross feculent Particles As to the Therapeutick of a Continued Fever of many days The Indications of a Continued Fever it is made up chiefly of three Intentions in the first it is requisite to quench the fiery sulphureous parts of the Blood or at least to mitigate them which is the second and the third is to throw off the adust Recrements when the deflagration of the Blood is very much alayed About the beginning of this Fever gentle Clysters may be administred Clysters Bleeding and cooling Juleps are very proper and Bleeding too is very proper in a Plethorick Body to lessen the mass of Blood enraged with inflammatory minute sulphureous Particles and a spare Diet is to be used made of thin Broths prepared with cooling Herbs as also strained Barley-Gruel Water-Gruel Barley-Cream and the like And in the increase of this Disease if the Pulse be high Bleeding is very good in a Plethorick body and in the beginning of the Disease and the Vessels much distended with Blood attended with a want of Sleep and great pain of the Head a Vein may be opened the second time and blistering Plaisters applied between the Shoulders and to the inside of the Arms Thighs Legs and Cataplasms to the Feet In the state of a Continued Fever Bleeding is not so proper except in a most exuberant mass of Blood attended with a Phrenitis Angina Perineumonia Pleuritis or some other great inflammation of the Viscera and a most slender Diet is to be observed in the height of this Fever lest Nature being overpowered with Aliment hard of Concoction should be diverted from its proper work of conquering the Disease by making a Secretion of the adust from the more refined parts of the Blood Diaphoreticks are proper in Continued Fevers and by discharging them by gentle Sweats through the Cutaneous Glands and their Excretory Ducts terminating into the outward Skin In the declination of the Disease Eating of Flesh is very dangerous in Continued Fevers A gentle Purge may be given in the declination of a Continued Fever si vires ferant care must be taken lest Flesh be eaten before the Fever is some time gone which consisting of Heterogeneous parts will put the Blood upon a new Fermentation and increase the Inflammation of the Blood which hath often proved fatal to the Patient If the strength of the Patient be not brought very low a gentle Purge may be advised to carry off the reliques of the disease and cleanse the Stomach and Guts of gross Excrements and to render them fit for concoction and dristribution of Aliment And when the Fever is discharged it is requisite in order to preserve the Patient in health to advise him to
Womb. which is very improper seeing the Atrabilian Humor is not first generated in the Womb which is only occasional in point of an ill mass of Blood produced by the suppressed purgation of the Menses whereupon the vital Liquor groweth degenerate as being depressed with gross saline and sulphureous Particles which being associated with the Blood imparted by the carotide Artery into the substance of the cortical Glands doth make an ill nervous Liquor the vehicle and ground of the Animal Spirits And as to the Spleen it is vulgarly apprehended to be the subject of the Atrabilarian Humors The Spleen by divers is apprehended to be the subject of Atrabilarian Humors commonly called Hypocondriacal Melancholy by reason of the Blood being filled with many Faeces is not depurated in the Glands of the Spleen whereupon the Ferments of the Blood are spoiled and being carried with it into the substance of the Brain doth produce an impure Animal Liquor vitiating its more volatil Particles commonly styled Spirits causing a melancholick distemper Sometimes this sad Disease is conceived to be propagated from all the apartiments of the Body as in a Scorbutick habit wherein the mass of Blood hath lost its tone and bounty as being tainted with gross saline and sulphureous parts which are not severed from the vital Liquor in the various colatories of Blood the Spleen Liver Kidneys consisting of numerous Glands the systems of innumerable and various vessels the secretories of the vital Liquor from several kinds of Recrements especially as being saline and sulphureous which being not separated from the mass of Blood have a recourse to the Brain and defeat the production of good nervous Liquor and Spirits the ground of this Atrabilarian Malady This Disease sometimes proceeds from a sanious Matter in the Left Ventricle of the Heart An observation according to the said Case This Disease sometimes ariseth from a sanious and mucous Matter in the Left Ventricle of the Heart and from the Gangreen of the Liver and Spleen and from the jugular Veins full of adust black Blood A Servant of a Merchant labouring under a melancholick affection was so afflicted with a deep sadness that she perpetually wished for death always treating her self with Sighs and Tears After death the Head being opened and the Coats taken off the veins of the Brain appeared full of black Blood and the Right Ventricle of the Brain was discovered to be stuffed with Blood made up of many concreted Filaments and in the Left Ventricle was lodged a quantity of sanious mucous Matter And afterward the Thorax being opened and the Heart Dissected a quantity of black Blood gushed out and the Lobes of the Lungs were livide and being opened a sanious corrupt Matter distilled out of their substance And the lower Apartiment being laid open the convex part of the Liver was discoloured with a livide hue and the middle of the Spleen was defaced with a blewish colour about the surface and its more Interior Recesses being inspected were found to be of a laudable colour and substance This dreadful Malady sometimes proceedeth from black corrupt Humors Melancholy sometimes cometh from corrupt Humors in the Stomach lodged in the bosom of the Stomach attended with a Scirrhus of the Pylorus and a Scirrhus of the Mesentery of which some part is concreted into a hard strong substance A person of Honour being endued with a cholerick Constitution An Instance of this Case and of a thin habit of Body found a great weight in the bottom of his Stomach attended with faetide Belchings and much Flatus making a noise in its passage found the Intestines and distensions of the Hypocondres accompanied with great Fear and Sadness and deep Thoughts and a weakness of the Animal Faculty and after a proper course of Physick had been administred to satisfy all Indications according to Art nothing proved successful in this desperate Disease And after he had yielded to Fate his Body being Dissected and the distended Stomach being opened in the bottom of it was seen a black corrupt Matter resembling Ink and the Pylorus was found to be Scirrhous shutting up the passage out of the Ventricle into the Guts And the Mesentery was discerned to be also Scirrhus and some part of it was concreted by a lapidescente Juyce into a hard Matter somewhat like Stone And a melancholick distemper of the Brain may take its rise from menstruous Blood debased by gross saline and sulphureous Particles when the natural Channels are stopped in the Uterus Melancholy flowing from the obstruction of the Vterus so that it cannot be discharged monthly by the Cavity of the Body and Vagina of the Womb so that the terminations of the Spermatick and Hypogastrick Arteries carrying Blood into the substance of the Uterus and the secret Meatus leading into the bosom of the Womb being obstructed the vital Liquor is received into the Spermatick and Hypogastrick Veins and transmitted through the ascendent Trunk of the Vena Cava into the Right Ventricle of the Heart and from thence through the Blood-vessels of the Lungs into the Left Chamber of the Heart and conveyed afterward through the common and ascendent Trunk of the Aorta and Carotide Arteries into the substance of the Cortical Glands wherin the Blood tainted with a fermentative and Atrabilarian Disposition and not discharged by the Uterus doth take off the purity of the nervous Liquor and Animal Spirits and deprave the upper and lower Animal Functions often attended with deep sad and despairing imaginations highly torturing the unquiet minds of Patients as fancying themselves Eternally unhappy An Instance may be given of this case in a Gentlewoman committed to my care of a Sanguine Constitution who walking in the Fields presently after a free evacuation by Sweat was surprized with cold blasts of Wind shutting up the cutaneous Pores and stopping her Menstrua which were then in motion whereupon the ill-affected Blood had a recourse to the Heart producing great Fears and despairing Thoughts and quick pulsations and afterward the Atrabilarian Blood being impelled by the Carotide Arteries into the substance of the Brain did infect the Liquor and Spirits with saline and sulphureous Atomes and pervert the operations of her imagination Memory and Reason accompanied with dreadful passions rendring her most unquiet in the sad apprehensions of infernal fire and pains which all cease upon repeated Bleeding in the Foot and by application of Leeches to the Haemorrhoidal Veins and a course of cordial and cephalick Medicines perfectly restoring her by Gods assistance and blessing to the former use of all the Faculties of her reason and inward and outward Senses to the great joy and satisfaction of her Friends and Relations and the Glory of the All-Wise and Sovereign Physician of Body and Soul As to the cure of Melancholy in a general notion The cure of Melancholy is in a great part effected by the defaecation of the Blood in reference to its