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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A31932	The Kings cabinet opened: or, certain packets of secret letters & papers, written with the Kings own hand, and taken in his cabinet at Nasby-Field, June 14. 1645 By victorious Sr. Thomas Fairfax; wherein many mysteries of state, tending to the justification of that cause, for which Sir Thomas Fairfax joyned battell that memorable day are clearly laid open; together, with some annotations thereupon. Published by speciall order of the Parliament·	England and Wales. Sovereign (1625-1649 : Charles I); Parker, Henry, 1604-1652.; Sadler, John, 1615-1674.; May, Thomas, 1695-1650.	1645 (1645)	Wing C2358; ESTC R200152	46,993	62

you must goe as farre in the wrong one as that will leade you The Chronicles tell us that Henry Duke of Buckingham was deare to Richard the third whiles he had so much wickednesse as to further the deposing or disinheriting of his two Nephewes but when he was not bad enough to consent to the murder of those Princes he was rejected by that King and afterwards beheaded if you cannot learne how to goe through with wickednesse learne a better lesson to returne to goodnesse or else perhaps the wrong which you have done your Country in betraying her trust and by consequence shedding so much innocent bloud may be at last revenged upon you by them for whom you did it The King who despiseth you by the name of Mungrells as not altogether firme enough to his owne designe in another late letter to the Earle of Ormond gives thankes to Muskeny Plunket and Browne the cheife Actors in that horrid Massacre of Ireland Which may teach the world what kind of men he confides truly in and who they are that must reape the benefit of his Conquest if God for the sinnes of our English Protestants should permit it if Muskeny had beene at Oxford the King had had one man more of his owne opinion in not acknowledging the Parliament of England for want of such he is forced to complaine And you may plainely see what a dishonourable use is made of your persons there as men meerely operis secundi a number onely that serve to give countenance and credit to the designe of a dearer Partie and to perswade your Countrey not for your owne behoofes what is said to you may be said to all that are leade by you to all those thousands which have followed the King as your Traine for the same opinions which render you now contemptible to the King render you acceptable to the major part of Protestants which fides with you and did at first make the Kings Power so considerable as it is if there be any thing of Protestants of English men of men remayning in you resume that whatsoever it be either acknowledge your selves such as the King calls you under the Rose when he opens his breast to the only partaker of his thoughts or declare your selves such Patriots such true sonnes of the Church as the King pretends you to be when he spreads his Oratory before the people If we be Rebels at London because we are not so servile as you are and you are mutineers at Oxford because you are not so servile as the King would have you Let us know by what definition either you or we are measured and how we are distinguisht and let us see that other third remaining party which the King ownes as his loyall faithfull party indeed It concerns you to look both forward and backward and having now taken the dimention of the Kings minde by his secret Letters turne about awhile and looke upon the same in his publike Declarations See if you can reconcile his former promises to his present de●…ignes for as you have had some representation of the latter in the former part you shall now be made Spectators and Judges of the former in this latter part The King according to Digbies superstitious observation in his Letter of Jan. 14. last takes it as evident that Straffords innocent blood has brought the judgement of this civill war equally upon both sides both being equally guilty thereof The Kings meaning is That he and his ●…ide was as guilty in permitting as the Parliament was in prosecuting But now for Canterburies blood that being totally put upon the Parliaments score he doubts not but the hand of Justice will from henceforth totally lay the weight of this guilt upon the Parliaments side The truth is Strafford and Canterbury were the chiefe firebrands of this war the two ill Councellors that chiefly incensed the King against the Scots and endeavoured to subject all these three Kingdoms to a new arbitrary Government and were justly executed for attempting that subvertion of Law which the King has perfected since The King and Digby both adjudged Strafford wor●…hy of death yet not for Treason as it was charged but not being able to save his life without using force and finding force very dangerous they left him to the blocke against conscience as is now alleadged Canterbury remains in the same case and now remorse of Conscience o●… rather the old project of altering Law suggests to the King That if no resistance be used Straffords president will cast Canterbury and Canterburies all the rest of the Conspirators and so the people will make good their ancient freedom still Hereupon discontents break out the King withdrawes into Scotland during his abode there the Rebellion in Ireland some attempts against Marquesse Hamilton and others in Scotland and some other dangerous machinations in England put us into strange terrors and apprehensions The King at his returne Decemb. 2. 1641. complains of these Jealousies Frights and Alarms with this profession I am so farre from repenting of any Act done this Session for the good of my people that if it were to doe againe I would doe it and will yet grant what else can be justly desired He concludes with a recommendation of the businesse of Ireland and finding the preparations for the same slow againe on the 14. of Decemb. he is patheticall in quickning them thereunto All this notwithstanding the Parliament findes the old faction at Court to grow strong and daily to attaine to more prevalence with the King which besides other causes of jealousie makes them lay open the indisposition of the whole State in a plain and sharp Remonstrance Decemb. 15. with the Remedies thereof proposed The King as to the businesse of Religion answers For preserving of the peace and safety of the Kingdome from the designes of a Popish Party we have and will concur with all just desires of our people in a Parliamentary way For Ireland wee thanke you for your care and cheerfull ingagement for the speedy suppression of that Rebellion the glory of God in the Protestant Profession the safety of the Brittish there our Honour and this Nations so much depending thereupon c. Your promise to apply your selves to such courses as may support our Royall estate with honour and plenty at home and with power and reputation abroad is that which we have ever promised our selfe both from your loyalties and affections Here are words that sound nothing but grace and here is a cleare testimony from the Kings owne mouth concerning the merit of this Nation to this day But notwithstanding these promises and testimonies the King discovers daily more and more regret for Straffords execution sticks closer to the counsels of the same faction and instead of hearkening to his Parliament he commands a charge of Treason to be framed against six Members the most eminent and active in both Houses Also upon the fourth of Jan. the King comes in

THE Kings Cabinet opened OR CERTAIN PACKETS OF SECRET LETTERS PAPERS Written with the Kings own Hand and taken in his Cabinet at Nasby-Field JUNE 14. 1645. By Victorious Sr. Thomas Fairfax Wherein many mysteries of State tending to the Justification of that CAUSE for which Sir Thomas Fairfax joyned battell that memorable day are clearly laid open Together with some Annotations thereupon Published by speciall Order of the Parliament LONDON Printed for Robert Bostock dwelling in Pauls Church-yard at the Signe of the Kings-head 1645. IT were a great sin against the mercies of God to conceale those evidences of truth which hee so graciously and almost miraculously by surprizall of these Papers hath put into our hands nor dare we smother this light under a Bushell but freely hold it out to our seduced brethren for so in the spirit of meeknesse labouring to reclaim them we still speak that they may see their errors and return into the right way For those that wilfully deviate and make it their profession to oppose the truth we think it below us to revile them with opprobrious language remembring the Apostle St. Jude and that example which he gives us in his Epistle They may see here in his privat Letters what affection the King beares to his people what language and titles he bestowes upon his great Councell which we return not again but consider with sorrow that it comes from a Prince seduced out of his proper sphear one that has left that seat in which he ought and hath bound himselfe to sit to sit as the Psalmist speaks in the Chair of the scornfull to the ruine almost of three Kingdoms hath walked in the counsels of the ungodly and though in our tenents we annex no infallibity to the seat of a King in Parliament as the Romanists do to the Papall Chaire since all men are subject to errour yet we dare boldly say that no English King did ever from that place speak ●…estruction to his people but safety and honour nor any that abhorred that Seat and Councell but did the contrary Therefore Reader to come now to the present businesse of these Letters thou art either a friend or enemy to our cause If thou art well affected to that Cause o●… Liberty Religion which the two Parliaments of England and Sco●…land now maintain against a combination of all the Papists in Europe almost especially the bloody Tygers of Ireland and some of the Prelaticall and Court Faction in England thou wilt be abundantly sati●…fied with these Letters here printed and take notice therefrom 〈◊〉 the Court has been Caiolde that 's the new authentick word now amo●…gst our Cabalisticall adversaries by the Papists and we the more beleeving sort of Protestants by the Court 〈◊〉 thou art an en●…my to Parliaments and Re●…ormation a●…d made willfull in thy enmity beyond the help of miracle●… or such revelations as these are then t is to be expected that thou wilt either deny these papers to have b●…en written by the Kings own hand or else that we make just constructions and inferences out of them Or lastly thou wilt deny though they be the King●… own and beare such a sense as we understand them in yet that they are blameable or unjustifiable against such rebels as we are As to the first know that the Parliament was never yet guil●…y of such forgery the King yet in all the Letters of his which have been hitherto intercepted never objected any such thing and we dare appeale to his own conscience now knowing that he cannot disavow either his own hand writing or the matters themselves here written All the Ciphers Letters all circumstances of time and fa●…t and the very hand by which they are ●…igned so generally known and now exposed to the view of all will averre for us that no such forgery could be possible As to our Comments and Annotations if there be not perspicuity and mode●…y in them there is no common justice nor place for credit left amongst mankind but indeed most of the main circumstances want no illustration at all to the most vulgar capacities and therefore we affirm nothing necessary to be beleeved but what the printed papers will themselves utter in their own language and yet for that which is not so clearly w●…rranted here we have other Papers for thei●… warrant were they not too numerous and vast and too much intermixed with other m●…tter of no pertinence for publication at this time Touching the last objection if thou art a perfect malignant and dost not stick to deny that there is any thing in these letters unbeseeming a Prince who professes himself Defender of the true Faith a tender Father of his Countrey and has been so sanctimoniously ingaged with frequent speciall vowes of affection candour sincerity and constancie to his ●…articular protestant subjects of England and Scotland Then know that thou art scarce worthy of any reply or satisfaction in this point Our cause is now the same as it was when the King first took up Armes 〈◊〉 as it was when the King made most of these oathes and professions Our three propositions concerning the abolition of Episcopacy the setling the Militia of the three Kingdomes in good hands by advice of Parliament the vindication of the Irish rebels being all our main demands at the Treaty in February last and no other then the Propositions sent in June 1642. before 〈◊〉 stroke struck will beare us witnesse that we have rather straitned then enlarged our complaints But were our cause altered as it is not or were we worse rebels then formerly as none can affirm which takes notice of our late sufferings and our strange pa●…ience even now after the discovery of these Paper●… and our late extraordinary success in the Field yet still this clandestine proceeding against us here and condemning all that are in any degree Protestants at Oxford as also granting a toleration of Idolatry to Papists indemnity to the murtherous Irish in a close trading way for meer particular advantage cannot be defended by any but by the falsest of men Papists or the falsest of Papists Jesuits Hitherto the English have had commission to chastise the Irish the Irish have had the like to chastise the English both have spilt each others blood by the Kings warrant yet as both have been in part owned so both have been in part disowned and the King himselfe has not appeared with an open face in the busines but now by Gods good providence the traverse Curtain is drawn and the King writing to Ormond and the Queen what they must not disclose is presented upon the stage God grant that the drawing of this Curtain may bee as fatall to Popery and all Antichristian heresie here now as the rending of the vaile was to the Jewish Ceremonies in Iudea at the expiration of our Saviour 15. Oxford Ian. 9. Deare heart SInce my last which was by Talbot the Scots Commissioners have sent to desire me

the busines of the Sound He pawnes the Jewels of the Crowne pap 39. He presses the Q●…een beyond her own fiery propension urges her to make personall Friendship with the Queen Regent furnishes her with dextrous policies and arguments to worke upon the Mi●…isters of State in France Of his owne accord without intreaty He proposes to the Queene the taking away all penall Statutes against Recusants in England T is true He doth all by way of bargaine for his owne particular advantage but the Papists conditions are better then ours in regard that the Queen her self is trusted with that merchandise pap 8. He prostitutes his pardon and grace to the Irish Rebels importuning Ormonde to use importunity to them that they will accept of indemnity and free use of Popery and desire nothing in lieu thereof but that they will transport sixe thousand men into England and some other supplies into Scotland For this purpose He sends Posts after Posts and hastens the businesse the rather because being in Treaty with the two Parliaments of England and Scotland about prosecution of the Irish He may be prevented therein and preingaged not to consent See pap 16. 17 18 19 He onely excepts against Appeales to Rome and Pr●…munires All other things He th●…nkes cheape enough for the Irish He must not now stand upon scruples t is his owne word all things not d●…sagreeable to conscience and Honor are to be admitted so to g●…ant free exercise of idolatry though ab●…urd formerly to the most odious flagitious murderers in the world is but a scruple not disagreeable either to conscience or honour To bargaine away our Acts of Parliament by such clandestine ingagements as passe onely by papers and dare not looke upon the light especially such Acts as concerne our greatest interrests even those of Religion supposes us to be slaves of the basest aloye and t is strange that the Irish and Papists should at all rest upon the strength of such assurances when they see Records and Parliament Rolls are of no vertue at all either to the English or Protestants See pap 16. 17 18 19 He calls us a Parliament publikely yet acknowledge us not a Parliament s●…cretly He suppresses still his not acknowledgem●…nt onely He enters it in the Councell Book at Oxford and so though it be smother'd to us whom it most concernes yet t is registred for our enemies use upon all occasions of advantage This favour we found from the Councell at Oxford that the Name though not the Thing should be imparted to us but even this was not willingly and freely allowed by the King had but two of his Advisers sided with him all the rest should have ballanced nothing at all in this case This is a signe they sit there to great purpose for though they are more worthy to be consulted with then Parliaments yet their votes are but indifferent things meere formalities especially if there be any dissent at all amongst them See pap 5. He in shew seekes Treaties and wins upon the People by that shew yet chuseth such Commissioners and bindes them up with such instructions that all accommodation is impossible His aime is to winne upon our Commissioners and for this purpose gives authority to propose rewards and other allurements pap 24. gives avisoes to Caiole the Scots and Independents as to the Duke of Richmond pap 23. presses for forraigne Auxiliaries the more eagerly pap 12. 35. hopes to cast the odium of the breaking of the Treaty upon our ●…ide pap 1. 7 12 15 25 37. He seems more zealous for Bishops and Papists cal'd his and the Queens friends then the Queene her selfe and therefore assures her of his resolution therein without any request of hers pap 7. He doth not thinke fit to treat with the Rebels onely by the Interposition of the Queen or of Ormonde but he sends particular thankes to Browne Muskery Plunket pap 19. He pretends sometimes to have the hearts of the major and better part of his Protestant subjects firme to him in this cause yet trust none but Papists and therefore is advised by the Queene pap 31. by no meanes to disband for this reason because all the Militia is generally in the Parliaments hands We see what opinion the King hath of Wilmot Percy Sussex We see what opinion he hath of the Lords and Commons at Oxford who have discerted their trust here out of confidence in him the 13. paper here tells us plainely what use the King makes of them The King will declare nothing in favour of his Parliament so long as he can finde a partty to maitaine him in this opposition nor performe any thing which he hath declared so long as he can finde a sufficient party to excuse him from it And indeede it is a sad consideration to thinke what unhappy use the King hath ever made of the obedience and patient loyalty of this Nation finding alwaies that he might without any opposition or danger at least deny their just liberties laws and the very use of Parliaments or if some urgency or his own necessities or advantages had caused him to call a Parliament he might afterwards with as little opposition deny whatsoever he granted under his owne hand as the Petition of Right obtained with some difficulty and broken immediately after without any scruple may sufficiently testifie The Pacification with Scotland was not assented to until the English people shewed some aversenesse to that wicked warre and were loath any longer to fight for their owne slavery nor was that Pacification any longer kept then till a Party strong enough was found to maintaine the breach of it But without other instances this Parliament had beene happie the King glorious and his people flourishing if the King had found none to side with him against all these and it is strange that so long experience had not taught them more wifedome But they are now justly rewarded and if they will but view the Kings Letter dated M●…rch 13. 1644. Where it will be app●…rent to them he calls those who have deserted their trust in Parliament and given up their fortunes and consciences to a compliance with his will by the name of a base mutinous and mungrell Parliament and despises them for retaining some little conscience to Religion and this Parliament Lords and Gentlemen make the right use of this and if you be not wicke●… enough to serve that purpose fully to which you are designed endeavour to repent and learne so much goodnesse as may bring you back to the right side There will shortly be no Medium left you whatsoever you thought in the begining as our charity may thinke you were deceived you will finde at last that unlesse you thinke and act the same things which those unhumane Irish Rebells or the worst forraigne enemies to our Religion and State could wish to see done you are no fit Instruments for that cause which you have unhappily chosen unlesse you returne to the right way

person with a great Traine armed into the House and missing the five Members there tels the rest that he must have them wheresoever he found them Here was the fatall commencement of the war for the next day the House declares that they cannot sit in safety any longer at Westminster and therefore they adjourne for some daies and retire into the City Decemb. 31. they petition for a Guard out of the City under command of the Kings Lord Chamberlaine the Earle of Essex which is denyed yet with these expressions We are ignorant of the grounds of your apprehensions but protest before Almighty God had we any knowledge or beliefe of the least designe in any of violence either formerly or at this time against you we would pursue them to condigne punishment with the same severity and detestation as we would the greatest attempt upon our Crowne and we do ingage solemnly the word of a King that the security of every one of you from violence is and shall be ever as much our care as the preservation of us and our Children These words were sweetly tempered but wonne no beliefe nor could over-power contrary actions wherefore the Major Aldermen and Common-Councell of London seeing nothing but symptomes of war in the Court frame a Petition praying the King that the Tower of London may be put into the hands of persons of trust that by removall of doubtfull and unknowne persons from about Whitehall and Westminster a knowne and approved guard may be appointed for the safety of the Parliament and that the accused Members may not be restrayned or proceeded against otherwise then according to the Priviledges of Parliament The King grants nothing but answers That his reception of such an unusuall request is a sufficient instance of the singular estimation he hath of the good affections of the City which he believes in gratitude will never be wanting to his just commands and service Hitherto the King speaks nothing but in justification both of the Cities Parliaments and Peoples loyalty The tumults about Whitehall c. amounted to no war are imputed by the King to the Rabble and by us to the Kings Party the Parliament is acquitted except the sixe Members and the prosecution of them also is after declined by the King yet the King departs from the City as unsafe seeing plainly it could not be ●…verted from the Parliament Upon the 20. of Jan. the King sends a Message to the Parliament to state the differences on both sides promising that when they are digested into a body fit to be judged of it shall appeare what he will do In answer hereunto the Commons House the Lords refusing to joine onely petition for the raising up unto them and the State a sure ground of safety and confidence that the Tower of London and the Militia of the Kingdome may be put into such persons hands as they should recommend The King replies That the Militia by Law is subject to no command but his owne which he will reserve to himselfe as a principall and inseparable flower of his Crowne professes to take care of Peace and the rights of the Subject equally with his life or the lives of his dearest Children He further also conjures them by all acts of duty and favour received by hopes of future mutuall happinesse by their love of Religion the Peace both of this Kingdome and Ireland not to be transported with feares and jealousies The Parliament could not believe themselves secured by these professions or asseverations the King would not understand that the setling the Militia at this time in confiding hands to prevent civill war was any other then the taking the Crowne from his head Hin●… ill●… lachrymae the King neverthelesse persists to declare his abhorrence of the Irish Rebellion frequently inciting the Parliament to send succors He also strangely abjures any privity to plots or designes against the Lawes c. and further makes strict Proclamatlon March 16. for putting Lawes in execution against the Papists The Parliament seeing cause to suspect that the King and Queene did still favour Digby others flying from the justice of Parliament and appearing to be Incendiaries by Letters intercepted knowing also that the Queen was going into Holland to pawne the jewels of the Crowne for Armes and having divers other grounds of further apprehensions againe Petition concerning the setling of the Militia and the Kings returne but are denyed in both Thoughts of Peace are now laid aside and Hull being a strong Towne and a Magazine of Armes as also Newcastle being the publike Magazine of fuell and a rich place are looked upon with sollicitous eyes but as the Parliament prevents the King in Hull the King prevents the Parliament in Newcastle Yet the war being so far advanced is scarcely avowed on either side nor is it agreed which part was put to the defensive and therefore on the 2. of June 1642. before any blood shed another assay is made for Peace and the Parliaments Cause stated fully in 19. Propositions are dispatched to the King the maine things desired were Reformation in Church Government that power military and civill might be put into confiding hands That justice of Parliament might passe upon Delinquents but the Answer returned is That if these things were granted the King should remaine but the out side but the picture but the signe of a King This though it was the Trumpet of war and the sound of defiance in effect yet was not so owned for still the King saies He intends not to fixe any disloyall designe upon both or either House of Parliament he is rather most confident of the loyalty good affections and integrity of that great bodies good intentions but the malignity of the des●…gne he saies hath proceeded from the subtill informations mis●…hievous prac●…ises and evill Councels of ambitious turbulent spirits not without a strong inf●…uence upon the very actions of both Houses This was the utmost charge of Treason that could be then brought against the Parliament , and the Propositions of the Parliament treated lately at Uxbridge in Febr. 1644. being no other in effect then these of ●…une 1642. this inference may be truly made that the King hath no cause to looke upon us now otherwise then as he did then and if he have varied since from those Vows and Asseverations which he made then the blame will not remaine on this side but on his so that the very calling to minde what hath been said by the King will be now sufficient for our purpose 1. Wherefore as to the taking up of Armes at all against the Parliament June 3. 1642 the King in his Declaration to the Freeholders of Yorkeshire renounces any intention of war his words are To the end this present posture wherein we meet should not affright you with the distempers of the times we wish you to looke into the composition and constitution of our Guard and you will finde it so far from the