was slain and diuerse Barons on his side although the victorie and field remayned with his sonne the maister of Crawforde who succeeded his father and was called Earle Beirdy On the Erle of Huntleys syde were slaine Iohn Forbes of Petslege Alexander Berckley of Gartulye Robert Maxwell of Telyne William Gurdun of Burrowfielde Sir Iohn Oliphant of Aberdagie and fiue hundred more on theyr syde and one hundred of the victorers were also slaine as Hector Boetius hath Who likewise reporteth that the occasion of thys battayle dyd chaunce through the varyaunce that fell ouâ—…e betwixt the Earle of Crawfordes eldest sonne Alexander Lyndsey and Alexander Ogilbye or Ogiluie as some write him aboute the office of the Balifewike of Arbroth the which the Maister of Crawforde enioying was displaced and put out by the sayde Ogiluie Wherevpon the Maister of Crawforde to recouer his right as he tooke it got a power togither with helpe of the Hamiltons and with the same seased vpon the Abbay and Ogiluie with helpe of the Erle of Huntly came thither with an armie to recouer the place againe out of his aduersaries handes and so vpon knowledge hereof gyuen vnto the Earle of Crawforde he himselfe comming from Dundee vnto Arbroth at the very instant when the battails were readie to ioyne caused first his sonne to stay after calling forth sir Alexander Ogiluie to talke with him in purpose to haue made peace betwixt him his sonne was thrust into the mouth with a speare by a coÌ„mon souldier that knewe nothing what his demaundment so that he fel downe therewith and presently died in the place whervpon togither the parties went incoÌ„tinently without more protracting of time and so fought with such successe as before ye haue heard The Erle of Huntley escaped by flight but Alexander Ogiluie being taken and sore wounded was led to the castel of Fineluin where shortly after he died of his hurtes This battaile was fought the .xxiij. of Ianuarie 1445 The Castell of Edenburgh besieged in the yeare of our Lorde .1445 This yeare also or as Hector Boetius hath in the yere next insuing the castell of Edenburgh was besieged by the space of .ix. monethes by the king the Erle of Dowglas sir WilliaÌ„ Creichton being within it At length it was giuen ouer vpon certain coÌ„ditions the said sir William restored to the office of Chancellor againe but hee would not meddle with the ordering of the kings businesse staying for a time more conuenient Sir Iames Stewarde surnamed the blacke knight husband to the Queene the kings mother Iames Steward is banished the realme was banished the realme for speaking wordes against the misgouernment of the king realme wherwith he offended the Erle of Dowglas As he passed the seas towards Flanders He dyed he was takeÌ„ by the Flemings shortly after departed this life The queen his wife being aduertised of his death died also within a while after The Queene dyed 1446 was buried in the Charterhouse of Perth the .xv. of Iuly in y e yeare 1446. Hir name was Iane Somerset daughter to the Erle of Somerset Iames the first maried hir as before ye may reade in England She had by him .viij. childreÌ„ two sonnes .vj. daughters which were all honourably maried the first named Margaret to the Dolphin of Fraunce the seconde Eleanore to the Duke of Brytayne the thirde to the Lorde of Terueer in Zelande the fourth to the Duke of Austrich the fifth to the Earle of Huntley and the sixth to the Earle of Morton And by Iames Stewarde hir seconde husbande she had three sonnes Iohn Earle of Athole Iames Erle of Buchquhan and Androw Bishop of Murrey Soone after sir William Creichton with the Bishop of Dunkelde Nicholas Oterburn a Canon of Glasgâ—…w were sent in ambassade vnto the duke of Gelderland for his daughter called Marie King Iames maryed a daughter of Gelderland to be ioyned in mariage with K. Iames. Their suite was obteyned the Ladie sent into Scotland nobly accoÌ„panied with diuerse Lordes both spirituall and temporall At hir arryuall shee was receyued by the king with great triumph and the maryage solemnized by the assistaunce of all the Nobles of Scotland with great banketting ioyfull myrth and all pleasant intertainment of those strangers that might be 1447 In the yeare 1447. ther was a Parliament holden at Edenbourgh in the which sir Alexander Leuingston of Calender late gouernor Iames Dundas and Robert Dundas knightes aâ—… the pursuite of the Earle of Dowglas were forfalted and condemned to perpetuall prison in Dunbrytan and Iames Leuingston his eldest sonne Robert Leuingston Treasorer and Dauid Leuingston knights lost their heades Iames before his execution made a very wise oration to the standers by Iames Leuingston made an Oration declaring the instabilitie of fortune chauÌ„ge of court exhorting al persons to beware thereof sith enuye euer followed high estate and wicked malice neuer suffred good men to gouerne long W. Creichton condemned In the same Parliament sir William Creichton was also forfalted for diuerse causes but principally for that his seruants would not deliuer the house of Chreichton to the kings heralde who charged them so to do This forfalture was coÌ„cluded in parliament by vertue of an act which the saide William when he was Chancellor caused to be made so being the first inuenter was also the first against whom it was practised Incursions made 1448 The yeare next ensuing were sundris incursions made betwixt Scots and EnglishmeÌ„ on the borders Dunfreis was burnt and likewise Anwike in EnglaÌ„d but shortly after a truce was concluded for .vij. yeres great offers of friendship made by the English men for to haue the warres cease on that side bicause the warre betwixt theÌ„ Fraunce was very hotely pursued and ciuill dissention disquieted the state of EnglaÌ„d which was raysed betwixt y e two houses of LaÌ„caster York 1450 English men fetch booties 〈◊〉 of Scotlande The English borderers of the west Marches fetched a great bootie of cattell out of Scotlande notwithstanding the truce in reuenge whereof the Scots inuading England wasted the countrey burnt townes and villages slue the people and with a great praye of prisoners goodes and cattel The Sâ—…ntes made Englande returned home into Scotland Herewith followed dayly rodes and forrayes made on both sides betwixt the Scottes and English men and that with such rage and crueltie that a great part of Cumberland was in maner layde wast for on that side the Scots chiefly made their inuasions bycause that from thence the first occasion of all this mischiefe might seeme to haue had the beginning WheÌ„ such things were certified to the king of Englandes counsell an army was appointed forthwith to inuade ScotlaÌ„d vnder y e leading of the Earle of Northumberland A knight named Magnus of one Magnus surnamed redbeard a captain of great experience as he that had bene trayned
contrary so maskered his vnderstanding that in the ende they brought him to tract the steppes of lewde demeanor and so were causers both of hys and their owne destruction The Frenchmen not ignoraunte of suche mischiefes as were like to growe in Englande suffered no time to passe but tooke occasioÌ„s of aduantage when they were offered Among other enterprises I finde Froissart that shortly after the decesse of King Edwarde the Duke of Burgoigne wanne Arde and two or three other fortresses in those marches The Scottes this yeare also wanne the Castell of Barwike by stelthe one morning Froissart Barwik castell won by the Scottes but shortly vpon knowledge had the Earles of Northumberland and Notingham the Lordes Neuile Lucy Graystocke and Stafford with other Lords Knightes and Esquiers came with their powers in all hast thither and entring y e towne besieged the Castell and finally assaulting them that kept it wanne it of them by force Barvvik castell recouered by the Englishmen and slewe all those Scottishmen whych they found within it excepte Alexander Raniscy theyr Capitayne When the Englishmen had thus recouered the Castell they entred into Scotland in hope to find the Scottes and to fight with theÌ„ whome they knew to be assembled The Englishe host was three thousande men of armes and seauen thousand archers but they sent forth Sir Thomas Musgraue with three hundred Speares and three hundred archers to Meuros to trie if he might vnderstand any thing of the Scottes in those parties with whome the Earle Douglas An ouerthrow giuen by the Scots to the englishmen hauing with him seauen hundred Speares and two thousand of other called yomeÌ„ with glaiues and other weapons encountred by chance and distressed him and his company Sir Thomas Musgraue himselfe and sixe score other were taken prisoners besides those that were slayne the residue escaped by flighte making the best shifte they coulde for them selues The L. Neuill Sir Thomas Triuet sir Wil. Scrope and dyuers other valiant Captaines of Englande were sente into Gascoigne this yeare whiche first landed at Burdeaux on the euen of the Natiuitie of oure Lady where after they had rested them a while The siege of Mortaigne raysed they went and reysed the siege which the frenchmen hadde held before Mortaigne in Poictowe a long time before Gouernour of thys siege at the firste was Yuan or Owen of Wales but hee was murthered one morning as hee sate alone viewing the Castell and combing his head by one of his owne Contreymen which vnder coulour to serue hym was become with him very familiar This Owen or Yuan whether ye wil for all is one was sonne to a noble man of Wales whome King Edward had put to death for some offence by him committed where thys Yuan got him into Fraunce being as then very yong and was brought vp in the French Court and proued an expert maÌ„ of warre so that great lamentation was made for his deathe by the Frenchmen But the Englishmenne although they misliked y e maner of his death yet they were not greatly sorowfull for the chaunce sith they were ridde thereby of an extreame enimy After that the Englishmenne hadde reysed the Frenchmen from the siege of Mortagne they returned to Burdeaux and after recouered sundry Castels and fortresses in the marches of Burdeloys and about Bayone Also they ayded the K. of Nauarre against the King of Castille made a roade into the confynes of Castille but shortly after a peace was concluded betwixte those two Kings so that the Lorde Charles of Nauarre should marrie the daughter of the King of Castille vpon certain conditions and so the Englishmen had their wages truely paide them and therevpon returned A ParliameÌ„t Tho. VVals About Michaelmas began a ParliameÌ„t that was summoned at Westminster whiche continued til the feast of Saint Andrew In this parliament the foresayde Sir Peter de la Mere and other the Knightes that hadde bin so earnest against Dame Alice Perers in the fast ParliameÌ„t holden by King Edward the third so prosecuted the same cause now in this Parliament that the sayde Dame Aliâ—… Perers was banished the Realme and all hir goodes moueable and vnmoueable forfeyted to the King bycause coÌ„trary to that shee had promised by oth in the saide last Parliament she hadde presumed to come within the Courte and to obteyne of the King what so euer was to hir liking There was two tenthes graunted by the Cleargie to the King in this Parliament two fifteenes of the temporaltie to bee paide the same yeare Two Citizens of London appointed to keepe the subsedie graÌ„ted by Parliament and two Citizens of London William Walworth and Iohn Philpot were appoynted to haue the keeping of that money to the ende it might be employed to the Kings necessary vses for defence of the Realme Sir Hugh Caluerley a valiant Captayne Sir Hugh Caluerley beeing deputie of Calais comming one morning to Bulloigne brent certaine Shippes which lay there in the hauen to the number of sixe and twentie besides two proper barkes beeing vessels of no small accompte And hauing spoiled and breÌ„t the most part of the base Towne he returned to Calais with a great rich booty of goodes and Cattell Also where the Castell of Marke in absence of the Captain sir Robert de Salle that was gâ—… ouer into England was lost through negligince of them that were left in charge within it the same sir Hugh Caluerley made such speede in the matter Maâ—…e 〈…〉 â—…erley 〈◊〉 same day 〈◊〉 was lâ—… that he recouered it againe the same daye it was lost by force of assault taking the Fâ—… men prisoners that were gotten into it and â—…ging certaine picardes stipendary Souldiers 〈◊〉 the saide Castell vnder the saide Sir Roberte de Salle for that whilest the Englishmen were gâ—… foorth to see the shooting of a match which they had made amongst themselues a little off 〈◊〉 the Castell those Picards being left within that the gates againste them and receâ—… in the Frenchmen with whome they had preâ—… treason keeping the Englishmen forth to whom the safekeeping of that Castell was dominion This yeare was a Bulle sente from the Pope vnto the Vniuersitie of Oxforde 117â—… to apprehende Iohn Wicliffe Iohn Wâ—… Parson of Lutterworth in Lâ—…cestershire within the diocesse of Lincolne Also there were other Bulles to the same effect sent to the Archbishop of Caunterbury and to the Bishop of London Likewise to the King were letters directed sed the Pope to require his fauour against the sayde Wiclife so greeuously was the Pope incensed againste him and not withoute cause for if hys conclusions in doctrine toke effect he well perceyued his papisticall authoritie woulde shortly decaye There went forth this yeare a greate nauie of Shippes to the Sea vnder the guiding of the Earle of Buckingham the Duke of Britayne the Lord Latimer the Lorde Fitz Water Sir Robert Knolles and other valyant Captaines
his subiectes sith he might furnishe hymselfe wyth suche a summe at the handes of the said Earle that was iustely indebted vnto hym therein as they were able well to proue But the kyng was nothyng herewith contented conceyuyng no small displeasure aswell agaynst them of the lower house as againste the Lordes in the vpper for fauouring them in the lower in matters that went so sore againste his minde Herevppon as was saide whether trulye or otherwise the Lorde knoweth by a conspiracye begon betwixte the kyng and suche as were moste in fauour wyth hym it was deuised Richarde â—…xton iustly contended that the Duke of Gloucester as principall and suche other Lordes as fauoured the knights and burgesses in their suite 〈…〉 the Earle of Suffolke 〈…〉 and were 〈…〉 â—…gainste the Kyng in his demaunde of 〈…〉 shoulde hee willed to a supper in 〈…〉 to bee murthered But the Duke 〈…〉 some meanes to vnderstande of thâ—…s 〈…〉 practise hadde no desire to take parte of 〈◊〉 supper where suche sharpe sâ—â—ce was 〈◊〉 and with all gaue warning to the residue 〈◊〉 they likewise should not come there but to content theÌ„selues wyth their owne suppers at their lodginges It was said that sir Nicholas â—…ber who had bin Maior the yeare before 〈◊〉 promised his assistaunce in the execution of the horrible facte but throughe the commendable constancie of Richard Exton that was Maior this yeare being moued by the king for his furtheraunce therein and denying flatly to consent to the deathe of suche innocent persones that heynous practise was omitted Thys matter being broughte to lighte the hatred and malice whiche men bare to suche counsellors of the king greatly increased and the Duke of Gloucester and suche as withstoode the King daylye grewe more and more into the peoples fauour â–ª At length yet throughe the earnest suite of some of the greate lordes A 〈◊〉 â—…ted appointed to be 〈◊〉 according to the 〈…〉 the nobilitie there was graunted to the king halfe a tenthe and halfe a fifteenthe whiche should not be spent at the pleasure of the prince but by the order and appoyntment of the sayde lordes and so at lengthe the Earle of Arundell was apointed to receyue it Grâ—… and Henry of Leicester to furnish him with a Nauie to the seas But beefore this payment might be graunted there was muche a doe and harde holde ye may be sure for where the saide Earle of Suffolke then lorde Chauncellour at the first had demaunded of the commons in the kinges name foure fifteenes for with lesse said he the king could not mainteine his estate and the warres which he had in hande The whole body of the parliament made aunswer therein that without the king were present for hee was then at Eltham they coulde make therein no aunswere at all and heerewith they tooke occasion at lengthe to saye further that excepte the said Earle of Suffolke were remoued from the office of Chauncellorship they would medle no further with any acte in this parliament were it neuer of so small importance The king being aduertised heereof Discentâ—…â—…tvveene the King and the parliament house sente againe to the commons that they shoulde sende vnto Eltham where he lay fortie of the wisest and best lerned of the coÌ„mon house the whiche in the name of the whole house shoulde declare vnto him their mindes and then the house was in no small feare by reason of a brute that was raised howe the Kyng sought meanes to entrappe and destroye them that followed not his purpose Herevppon aswell the lordes of the vpper house as the commons of the lower assembled togither and agreed with one conseÌ„t that the duke of Gloucester The Duke of Gloucester and the Bishoppe of 〈◊〉 to the 〈…〉 vvhole bodie of the parliament and Thomas Arundell bishop of Elie should in the name of the whole parliament be sente to the king vnto Eitham which was done and the king was well contented that they should come When they came before his presence with humble reuerence they declared their message which consisted in these points Their requestes 〈◊〉 the King That the lords and commons assembled at that presente in parliament be sought him of his lawful fauor that they might liue in peace tranquilitie vnder him They further declared that one olde statute and laudable custome was approued And oftner if â—…eede require whiche no man could deny that the Kyng once in the yeare might lawfully sommon his highe Courte of parliament and call the Lordes and commons therevnto as to the highest Courte of his realme in which Courte all right and equitie ought to shine as the Sun being at the highest whereof poore riche may take refreshing The causes and â—…ions of a â—…ment where also reformation ought to be had of al oppressions wrongs extortions and enormities within the realme and there the king ought to take counsell with the wise men of his realme for the maintenance of his estate and conseruation of the same And if it mighte be knowen that any persons within the realme or without intended the contrarie there muste also be deuised howe suche euill weedes maye be destroyed There muste also be studied and foreseene that if any chardge doe come vppon the King and realme how it may be honorably borne and discharged Further they declared that til that preseÌ„t his subiects as was thought had louingly demeaned themselues towardes him in aiding him with their substaunce to the beste of their powers and that their desire was to vnderstande howe those goodes were spente And further they said they had one thing to declare vnto hym how that by an olde ordinance it was enacted 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 from the 〈◊〉 for space of alâ—…â—…es that if the king shoulde absente himselfe fortye dayes not being sicke and refuse to come to the Parliament withoute regarde to the chardges of his people and their greate paines they then may lawfully returne home to their houses and therefore sith he had bin absent a long time and yet refused to come among them â—…he Kynges â—…vvere it was greately to their discomfort To this the Kyng as we find made this aunswere Well we doe perceiue that our people and commons goe aboute to rise against vs wherfore wee thinke wee cannot doe better than to aske aide of our cousin the french K. rather submit vs vnto hym than to our owne subiects The lordes aunswered that it shoulde not be good for him so to doe but a way rather to bring him into extreme daunger sith it was plaine enough that the frenche Kyng was hys auncient enimie and greatest aduersarie who if he might once sâ—…t foote in the realme of Englande he would rather dispoile and dispossesse the Kyng of hys kingdome than to put hys helping hande to relieue hym hee might they saide call to rememberaunce howe hys noble progenitoâ—…re Kyng Edwarde the thirde hys Grandfather and Prince Edward
of certayne treasons that were supposed to be committed by the Lordes which in the last Parliament hadde so caused things to passe contrary to the Kyngs pleasure The Lordes â—…ed of diuers offences endited the same Lordes of many crimes enformed against them The Londoners indeede are euill reported of in those dayes by some writers for their vnstablenesse one whyle holding on the Kinges part and with suche as were chiefe in counsell about hym and an other whyle on the Lordes syde that were of a contrary faction Why the Sherifes of all shires were sent for to the Courte But nowe as concerning the cause why the Sherifes were called hither it was chiefly to vnderstande what power of men they might assure the Kyng of to serue hym agaynste the Lordes and Barons whome hee tooke to be his enimies and further that where he meane to call a Parliament very shortly they shoulde so vse the matter that no Knyght might be chosen but such as the Kyng and his Counsell shoulde name But aunswere was made heerevnto by the Sherifes that the Lordes were so highly beloued of y e commons that it lay not in their powers to assemble any great forces againste the Lords and as for chosing the Knightes of the Shires they sayde that the commons would vndoubtedly vse theyr auntiente liberties and priuiledges in choosing suche as they thoughte meetest But yet after that the indictments were found according to the desire of the kyng and hys counsellors and that those whiche hadde beene called aboute this matter were licenced to depart home the Kyng and the Duke of Irelande sent messengers into euerye parte of the Realme Souldiers â—…ined on all sides by the K. agaynste the Lordes to â—…teyne men of warre to assiste them in the â—…rell againste the Lordes if neede were 〈◊〉 made aunswere that sith they knew theâ—… 〈◊〉 to be fâ—…ythfull and loyall to the King such 〈◊〉 the bottome of theyr heartes and were ready to study to deuise and to do all thyngs that â—…ght tende to his honor and wealthe of the Realme they myghte not by anye meanes beare armoure againste them But a great number of other that tooke it that they were reteyned for a good and necessary purpose promised to be ready whensoeuer it shoulde please the King to sende for them The Lordes beeing in this meane while aduertised of these doyngs were striken with great he aumesse for that not knowing themselues as they tooke it giltie of anye offence the Kyng shoulde thus seeke theyr destruction Heerewith the Duke of Gloucester meaning to mitigate the Kinges displeasure reteyned a solemne othe before the Byshop of London The Duke of Gloucester protesting vpon his othâ—… and diuers other Lords protesting by the same othâ—… that hee neuer imagined nor wente aboute anye thing to the Kings hinderance but to his power hadde alwayes done what hee myghte to aduaunce the Kings honor prosperous state and good liking except onely that hee hadde gyuen no good countenaunce to the Duke of Irelande whome the Kyng so muche loued and surely for that the sayd Duke had dishonored his kinsâ—…dman and the Kings also hee was firmely determined to reuenge that iniurie vppon him and heerewith hee besoughte the Byshoppe of London to declare what hys wordes were vnto the King The Byshoppe commyng to the King made reporte of the Duke of Gloucesters protestation coÌ„firmed with his othe in such wise as the king beganne somewhat to bee perswaded that it was true But when the Earle of Suffolke perceyued that fearing least the reconciliation of the King and the Duke his vncle shoulde turne to his vndoing hee beganne to speake against the Duke tyll the Byshoppe â—…ad hym holde hys peace and tolde hym that it nothing became hym to speake at all and when the Earle asked why so Stouâ—…e worâ—… of the Bishop of London bycause said the Byshoppe thou wast in the last Parliamente condemned for an euill person and one not worthy to lyue but onely it pleaseth the King to shew thee fauour The Kyng beeyng offended with the Byshoppes presumptuous wordes commaunded hym to departe and get hym home to his Churche who forthwith departed and declared to the Duke of Gloucester what he had heard and sene Heerevpon the great misliking that had bin afore time betwixte the Kyng and the Lordes was nowe more vehemently increased the Duke of Ireland the Earle of Suffolke the Archbishop of Yorke the Lord chiefe Iustice Robert Trisilian and others still procuring stirring and confirming the Kyngs heauie displeasure against the Lordes The Duke of Gloucester considering to what conclusion these things tended came secretely to a conference with the Earles of Arundell Warwike The Lordes conâ—…e howe to preuent the perils pretended against them and Derby who were in lyke daunger if they prouided not more speedelie for their safetie wherevppon hee discouereth to them the perill wherein they all stoode in commune so that wheÌ„ they wayed what was the moste expedient meane to sauegarde theyr lyues they gathered their powers togither determining to talke with the Kyng with their armour vpon their backes for their more suretie as well concerning his pretence to bring them to their deathes as for the fauour which he haue to those whome they reputed to be traytors both to him and to the whole state of the Realme whereby the same coulde not auoyde speedie remedie if ruine were not the sooner prouided The Kyng on the other parte tooke aduice how he mighte apprehende these Lordes whome he tooke to bee playne traytors eche one a parte before they mighte gather their strengthes about them and firste hee sent the Earle of Northumberlande and others The Earle of Northumberland sent to apprehend the Earle of Arundell vnto the Castell of Reigate to take the Earle of Arundell who laye there at that present But howsoeuer it fortuned the Erle of Northumberlande came backe and fayled to accomplishe that which hee had in commaundemente After this a greate number were sente by nyghte to haue layde handes on hym and to haue broughte hym to the Kyngs presence or in case hee resisted to haue slayne hym if by anye meanes they myghte but hee beeyng warned by a messenger that came to him from the Duke of Gloucester conueyed hymselfe away and with suche bandes as hee hadde gote togither rode all that nyghte The Earle of Arâ—…ll ioyâ—… with the â—…er Lordes so that in the morning hauing passed a thirtie myles not without greate trauayle and all speede possible hee was in the morning aduaunced vnto Haringey Parke where hee founde the Duke of Gloucester and the Earle of Warwike with a greate power of menne about them The same tyme the Kyng was aboute to sette forwardes towardes Caunterbury there to performe some vowe of pilgrimage whiche hee hadde vndertaken to make vnto the shrine of Thomas Becket but a brute was reysed and a slaunder belyke contriued to bryng hym in further hatred of his
hys â—…rney against the infidels of Prutzaland but into Prutzenlande where he shewed good proufe of his noble and valiant courage for ioyning with the maisters and knightes of the Teutsch order there the armie of the Lithuanians that came agaynst the sayd order was vanquished and foure chiefe leaders of the Lithuanians were taken prisoners three other being slain with three huÌ„dred of their chiefest and best approued souldiers Through the policie also and worthie manhood of the Erle of Darbie there was a certaine Citie taken where the said Erle and his men first entring vpon the walles did set vp his banner other being slouthfull or at the least vnskilful how to deale in such exploytes There were taken slaine foure M. of the coÌ„mon people and amongst them that were founde dead the king of Poloignes brother was one The Castell of the same Citie was besieged fiue weekes space but by reason of sicknesse such infirmities as chanced in the army the masters of Prutzen Liefland would not tarie any longer but brake vp their siege and returned The Master of Leifland led with him into his countrey three thousand prisoners In the meane time whilest the Christians were thus occupied as well agaynst the infidels in Barbarie as in the Easte partes towardes Lyttawe a royall Iustes and Martiall turnament was proclaymed to bee holden wythin Smithfielde in London A â—…al iustes â—…elleÌ„ in Smithfield at LondoÌ„ to beginne on Sunday next after the feast of Saint Michaell And bycause this triumphaunt pastime was published not onely in Englande but also in Scotlande in Almaigne in Flaunders in Brabant in Heynault and in Fraunce many straungers came hyther forth of diuerse Countreys namely Valeran Earle of Saint Paule that had maryed King Richardes sister the Ladie Mawde de Courteney and William the yong Erle of Osternant Some copies haue OsternaÌ„t son to Albert de Baniere Erle of Hollande and Heynalt At the day appoynted when all things were prepared there issued forth of the Tower about three of the clocke in the after noone lx Coursers apparelled for the Iustes and vpon euerie one an Esquier of honour riding a soft pace Then came forth .xxiiij. Ladies of honour lx sayth Froissart mounted on Palfreys The man nâ—… of the iusts in Smithfield ryding on the one side richly apparelled and euery Ladie led a knight with a chaine of golde Those knightes being on the kings part had their armor and apparell garnished with white heartes and crownes of golde about theyr neckes Siluer sayth Frosart and so they came ryding through the streets of LoÌ„don vnto Smithfield with a great number of Trumpets and other Instruments before them The King and the Queene with many other great estates were readie placed in Chambers richly adorned to see the Iustes and when the Ladies that led the knightes were come to the place they were taken downe from their Palfreys and went vp into Chambers readie prepared for them Their alighted the esquiers of honor from their coursers and the knights in good order mounted vpon them And so when their helmets were set on their heades and that they were readie in all poyntes after Proclamations made by the Heraults the iustes began and many commendable courses were runne to the great pleasure comfort and recreation of the King the Queene and all other the beholders The price that day on the answerers part was giuen to the Earle of Saint Paule and on the Chalengers side to the Earle of Huntington On the Monday the King himselfe wyth Dukes Erles Lordes and knights came to the iustes he being chiefe of the inner part That day the price was giuen to the Erle of Osteruant for the best doer of the vtter part and of the inner part to a knight of Englande called sir Hugh Spencer On the Tuesday all maner of Esquiers iusted and likewise on the Wednesday al maner of knights and esquiers that woulde on which day was a sore and rude iustes enduring till night And so many a noble course and other martiall feates were atchieued in those four days to the great contentation and pleasure of many a yong batchler desirous to win fame also highly to the kings honor The King kept open houshold in the Bishop of London his palaice by Paules church who by all that season helde his Court in the Bishops Palayce by Paules church keeping open houshold for all honest persones that thither resorted especially euery night after the iustes were ended a right sumptuous princely supper was prepared for the strangers other and after supper the time was spent in dancing reuelling after the most courtlike maner The K. festeth the straungers The Thursday the king made a supper to al the Lords knights and gentlemen strangers and the Queene to all the ladies and gentlewomen On the Fryday the duke of Lancaster feasted at dinner al the sayd Lords The Duke of Lancaster feasteth the strangers knights gentlemeÌ„ strangers in most sumptuous plentiful maner On the Saterday the king and all the whole companie departed from LoÌ„don vnto Winsore where newe feasting beganne and specially the king did all the honour that might be deuised vnto the Erles of S. Paule and Osteruant The Erle of Osteruant at the ernest request of the king receyued of him the order of the Garter for the whiche hee was euill thought of afterwardes by his friendes namely the French king and others Finally after that the king had thus feasted the strangers and other at Windsore eche man tooke leaue of the king the Queene and the kings vncles and other Lords and Ladies and so departed the strangers into their own couÌ„treys other home to their houses or whither they thoght best About the same time by the king with the aduice of his counsaile proclamation was made and published at London that all beneficed and abyding in the Court of Rome A pâ—… that aâ—… engâ—… beneficed 〈◊〉 in Rome 〈◊〉 returne into Englande being Englishe men borne should returne home into Englande before the feast of Saint Nicholas vnder pâ—…e to forfeyte all theyr benefices and such as were not beneficed vnder a paine likewise lymitted The English men hearing such a thunder clap a farre off fearing the blowe left the Popes Court and returned to their natiue soyle The Pope troubled with such a ruÌ„bling noise The Pope sendeth 〈◊〉 Nuncio to king Richard sent in all hast an Abbot as his nuncio vnto the king of Englande aswell to vnderstand the causes of this proclamation as of statutes deuised made lately in Parliament agaynst those that prouided themselues of benefices in the Court of Rome by the Popes Bulles which seemed not a little preiudiciall to the Church of Rome in consideration whereof the sayd nuncio required that the same statutes might be repealed abolished so farre as they tended to the derogation of y e church liberties but if y e same statuts were not
ouer into England the Ambassadors departed toward the Frenche King After the Bishoppe of Concordia had talked with King Henry and perceyued that vpon reasonable conditions he coulde be content to conclude a peace wyth all Christen Princes and to lyue in reste after so many troubles aforetime sustained the saide Bishop retourned backe into Fraunce to sollicite thys purpose to some perfect conclusion But the Frenchmen so handled the matter that whilest they outwardly shewed how they desired nothyng but frendship amitie they asured the yong Dutchesse of Britayne to submit hirselfe wholy to their discretion so that shortly after shee was married to King Charles And the Englishe Ambassadours after they perceyued whiche waye the winde would vire returned again to their countrey and nothing done or agreed vpon in their matter King Henry sore troubled in hys mynde therewyth determined no more wyth peaceable messages but with open warre to determine all controuersies betwixt hym and the Frenche King A Parliame◅ called his highe courte of Parliament there declared the cause why he was iustely prouoked to make warre agaynste the frenchemen and therfore desired thē of their beneuolent aide of men and money towarde the maintenaunce thereof The cause was so iuste that euery man allowed it and to the settyng forthe of the warre taken in hande for so necessarie an occasion euery man promised his helping hand The king commēded them for their true and faithfull hartes and to the intent that he might spare the poorer sorte of the commons whome he euer desired to keepe in fauour hee thought good firste to exact mony of the richest sorte by way of a beneuolence whiche kinde of leuying money was first deuised by King Edwarde the fourthe as it apeareth beefore in hys historie King Henry folowing the like example published abroade that by their open giftes he would measure and searche their beneuolent heartes and good mindes towardes him so that he that gaue moste shoulde be iudged to be his moste louing friende and he that gaue litle to be esteemed accordyng to hys gifte By thys it appeareth that whatsoeuer is practised for the princes profit brought to a president by matter of record may be turned to the great preiudice of the people if rulers in auctoritie will so adiudge and determine it But by this meanes King Henrye got innumerable great summes of money with some grudge of the people for the extremitie shewed by the commissioners in diuers places Ye haue hearde before howe the Lorde of Rauenstein by the ayde of Bruges and Gaunt hadde taken the Towne and two Castels of Scluise 1491 whiche hee kepte against his soueraigne lorde Maximilian and gettyng into the hauen certaine ships and barkes robbed spoiled and tooke prisoners the shippes and vesselles of all nations that passed alongest by that coast towards the Marte at Andwarpe or into any parte of Brabant Zeland or Friseland and was euer sufficiently vittailed out of Fraunce and Picardye There was a little Towne also twoo miles from Bruges towarde the Sea called Dam whyche was a Bulwarke to Bruges and an headspring to Sluise The King of Romains hadde attempted the winnyng of this Towne diuers times but missed his purpose til at lēgth Albert Duke of Saxony a great friende to the King of Romaines by policye found meanes to gette it This Duke fainyng hymselfe as a Newtre betwixte the King of Romaines and the rebelles of Flaunders required of the lords of Bruges that hee myght enter peaceably into their Towne accordyng to hys estate wyth a certaine number of men of armes to communicate with thē diuers maters of great weight and sent before his carriages and herbengers to make prouision They of Bruges were in no doubt of hym so that his men of warre entred into the Cytie in good order and he followed They that wente beefore enquired for Innes and lodgings as though they would haue rested there all the night and so went forthe still in order askyng after lodgings till they came to the gate that leadeth directly toward Dam distant from Bruges a Flemishe mile whyche is called the Bulwarke of Bruges The Captaines and inhabitantes of Dam suspecting no harme to come out of Bruges thought theyr friendes knowyng some daunger towardes had sent them aide and so nothyng mistrusting those that approched their towne suffred them to enter and so was the Towne of Dam taken by sleight whiche coulde not be wonne by open force Dam taken by ◅olicy This chaunce sore displeased them of Bruges for nowe coulde they haue no recourse to the Sea so that they muste needes fall into ruine and decay The Duke of Saxonye thus hauing won the towne of Dam sente to the King of Englande that if it would please hym to minister any aide by sea he would besiege Sluise by lande The king well remembring that Sluise was a rouesnest and a very denne of theues to them that trauersed the seas towardes the Easte partes incontinentlye dispatched sir Edward Poinings a right valiant Knight and hardye Capitayne wyth twelue shippes well furnished with holde souldiours and sufficient artillerie Whiche Sir Edward sailed into the Hauen and kepte the Lorde of Rauenstein from starting by sea The Duke of Saxony besieged one of the castels lying in a Churche ouer against it and the Englishemen assaulted the lesse Castell and issued out of theyr shippes at the ebbe neuer suffering theyr enemies to reste in quiet one daye togither for the space of twenty dayes and euery daye slewe some of their aduersaries and on the English parte were slaine one Vere brother to the Earle of Oxforde and fiftye mo The Lorde of Rauenslein hadde made a brydge of Boates betweene both Castelles to passe from the one to the other whyche brydge the Englishemen one night set on fyre Then hee perceiuyng that he muste lose his Castelles by force and that the Flēmings coulde not aide hym yeelded the Castelles to Syr Edwarde Poinings and the towne to the duke of Saxony vpon certaine conditions Sir Edvvarde Poinynges a valiant Capitaine sent into Flaunders vvith an army Sir Edwarde Poinings kepte the castelles a while of whom the Almaines demaunded their wages bycause the duke hadde nothyng to paye Then these twoo Capitaynes so handled them of Bruges that they not only submitted thēselues to their Lord Maximilian but also were contented to paye and dispatche the Almaines And so Syr Edwarde Poynyngs tarryed there a long space and at lengthe retourned to the King before Bolongne The sixte daye of Aprill this present yeare the nobles of the Realme assembled in the Cathedrall Churche of Saynct Paule in London where Te Deum was solempnely song and thankes rendred to God for the victorie that the King of Spaine hadde gotte of the Sarasins in conqueryng on them the whole Realme of Granado Maximilian King of Romaines entendyng to bee reuenged on the Frenchemenne for the many iniuries done to hym of late and especiallye for that Kyng
army after y e feast of the Epiphanie entred into England The Bishoprike of Durham burnt by the Scottes comming to Daâ—â—ngton stayed there for a season whilest the Lord Iames Dowglas and the Lord Steward of Scotlande went abrode to harie and spoyle the countrey on eche side the one of them passing forth towardes Hartilpoole Cliueland and the other towardes Richmond Richmondshire redemed from spoyle with a summe of money The inhabitants of Richmondshire hauing no captain amongst them to defend their countrey from that grieuous inuasion of the enimie gaue a great summe of money in like maner as at other times they had don to haue their couÌ„try spared from fire spoyle The Scots taryed at this time about .xv. dayes within Englande in the end returned without battaile For when the Knightes of the north Countreys repayred to the Duke of Lancaster then lying at Pomfret and offred to goe into the field with him agaynst the Scots The Duke of Lancasters disloyaltie he would not once styrre his foote by reason of the discorde that was depending betwixt him and king Edward but howsoeuer the matter went king Edward sore grieued in hys minde with such inuasion made by his enimies the Scots he gaue order to leuie an army of an hundred thousand men what on horsebacke and on foote as the report went appoynting them to be readie to enter into Scotlande at Lanynas next wherof king Robert being aduertised King Robert inuadeth Englande ment to preuent him and therevpon in the Octaues of the natiuitie of Saint Iohn Baptist hee entred into Englande with an armie neare to Carleil burnt a manor place that sometime belonged to him at Rosse Allerdale The Abbey of Holme burnt spoiled the monastery of Holme notwithstaÌ„ding his fathers corps was there interred FroÌ„ thence he marched forward destroying and spoyling the country of Copland so keeping vpon his iourney passed Doden sandes towards the Abbay of Furneis Fourneis Abbey but y e Abbot meeting him on the way redeemed his landes from spoile and brought king Robert to his house and made to him great chere but yet the Scots could not hold their hanors from burning and spoyling dyuerse places Leuyn sandes And marching forwarde vnto Cartmele beyond Leuyn sands brent spoyled all the countrey about except a Priorie of blacke Chanons which stood there Passing from thence they came to Lancaster which towne they also brent The towne of Lancaster brunt saue onely the Priorie of blacke Monkes and a house of preaching Friers Here came to them the Erle of Murrey and the Lorde Iames Dowglas with an other armie wherevpon marching further southwards they came to Preston in Anderneis Preston in Anderneis burnt brent that towne also the house of Friers minors only excepted And thus being lxxx miles within England froÌ„ their owne borders they returned homewards w t al their prisoners cattel other booties which they had got in that iorney coÌ„ming to Carleil in the vigill of S. Margaret lodging about that towne the space of .v. dayes they wasted destroyed the corne al other things y t came within their reach Which done on S. Iames euen they entred into Scotland again hauing bene within England at this time three weekes and three dayes Immediately herevpon to wit about the feast of Lammas King Edwarde rayseth an armie King Edwarde with his armie came to Newcastell and desirous to be reuenged of suche iniuries done to his subiects entred into Scotlande He entred Scotlande and passing forth till he came to Edenbourgh through want of vitayles and other necessarie prouision he was constrayned to returne home within the space of .xv. dayes For king Robert aduertised of his coÌ„ming had caused all the corne and cattell in the Countrey to be conueyed out of the way into certain strengthes where the English men might not come to get it into their handes so to relieue themselues therewith But in their returning homewardes somewhat to reuenge their displeasures they spoyled brunt the Abbayes of Melrose and Drybourgh The Abbeyes of Mewrose or Melrose and Drybourgh burned with diuerse other religious houses places not sparing any kinde of crueltie agaynst all those of the inhabitants that fell into their handes In reuenge hereof King Robert shortly after entred with a puissant army into England King Robert inuadeth the north partes of England approching almost to York spoyling and wasting the Countrey till he câ—…me almost to Yorke At length hearing that king Edwarde was comming towards him with an army he chose a plot of grounde betwixt the Abbay of Bysâ—…nde and S. Sauiour there to abyde battayle whiche King Edward refused not to giue though in the end he was put to flight with his whole power King Edwarde is put to flight and chased with great slaughter both of English men and Normans whiche were there in hys ayde The Earle of Richmont is taken Diuerse also of the Nobilitie were taken prisoners as Iohn de Brytaine Earle of Richmont and Henrie Sowly with others This battaile was fought in the yeare of our sauiour 1323 .xv. dayes after the feast of Saint Michael the Archangell 1323 Ri. Southwel Riuale Abbay King Edward lying the same time at the Abbay of Riuale aduertised of this ouerthrowe fled and got him into Yorke leauing his plate and much other stuffe behind him for want of cariage in that his sodaine departure which the Scottes comming thither founde and tooke away with them And from thence they passed forth into Yorkswolde spoyling and wasting the countrey euen vnto Beuerley Yorkeswolde wasted by Scottes which town for a summe of money they were contented to spare and so then they returned homewardes entering agayne into Scotlande on all Soules daye whiche is the seconde of Nouember after they had remayned wythin Englande at that tyme the space of a Month and foure dayes Shortly after king Robert sent an Ambassadour to the French King to renue the auncient bonde of amitie betwixte the two Realmes of which might be auouched for any cause or consideration from the beginning of the worlde vnto that present day After the returne of sir Iames Dowglas forth of Fraunce with so good expedition and dispatch of that businesse where aboute he was sent King Robert right ioyfull thereof A Parliament at Cambuskenneth assembled a Parliament of the Nobles and other estates of the Realme at Cambuskenneth where hee procured a new acte to be established touching the succession of the crowne An act for the succession of the crowne which was that if his sonne Dauid deceassed without heires of his body lawfully begotten that then Robert Steward begotten on Mariorie Bruce his daughter should succeede in possession of the Crowne All the Lordes at the same time were sworne to mainteyne this ordinance In the meane while King Edward the thirde sent vnto king Robert for
it fell out in the ende that a foole had the keeping thereof The aduentures of the yong Fitz Girald sonne to the Lady Gray Counselle of Kildare But to returne to the course of the Hystorie when Thomas and his vncles were taken hys second brother on the father his syde named Girald Fitz Girald who was after in the raigne of Queene Marie restored to the Earledome of Kildare in which honor as yet he liueth beeing at that time somewhat past twelue and not full thirtene yeares of age lay sick of the smal pocks in the Countie of Kildare at a towne named Donoare Donoare then in the occupation of Girald Fitz Giralde Thomas Lenrouse Thomas Lenrouse who was the childe his schoolemaister and after became Bishop of Kildare mistrusting vpon the apprehension of Thomas and his Vncles that all went not currant wrapt the yong pacient as tenderly as he could and had him conueyed in a cleefe with all speede to Ophaly where soiourning for a short space with his sister the Ladie Mary Fitz Giralde vntill he had recouered his perfite health his schoolemaster caryed him to Odoon his Countrey where making his aboade for a quarter of a yeare he trauayled to Obrene hys Countrey in Mounster and hauing there remayned for halfe a yeare bee repayred to hys aunte the Ladie Elenore Fitz Giralde who then kept in Mack Carty Reagh Elenore Fitz Giralde hir late husband his territories This noble woman was at that time a widow alwayes knowne and accounted of eche man that was acquainted with hir conuersation of life for a paragon of liberalitie and kindnesse in all hir actions vertuous and godly and also in a good quarell rather stout than stiffe To hir was Odoneyl an importunate suyter and although at sundrie tymes before she seemed to shake him off yet considering the distresse of hir yong innocent nephew how hee was forced to wander in Pilgrimwise from house to house eschuing the punishment that others deserued smarted in his tender yeares with aduersitie before he was of discretion to enioy any prosperitie ▪ she began to encline to hir wooer his request to the ende hir nephew should haue bene the better by his countenaunce shouldered and in fine indēted to espouse him with this caueat or prouiso that he shoulde safely shield and protect the sayde yong Gentleman in this his calamitie This condition agreed vpon shee road with hir nephew to Odoneyl his countrey and there had him safely kept for the space of a yeare But shortly after the Gentlewoman either by some secrete friend enformed or of wisedome gathering that hir late maryed husbande entended some trecherie had hir nephew disguised scoring him like a liberall and bountifull Aunt The Ladie Elenors liberalitie with seuen score Porteguses not onely in valoure but also in the selfe same coyne incontinently shipped him secretly in a Brytons vessell of Saint Malouse betaking him to God Fitz Giralde sayleth to Fraunce and to their charge that accompanied him to wit maister Lenrouse and Robert Walsh somtime seruant to his father the Earle The Ladie Elenore hauing this to hir contentation bestowed hir nephew she expostulated verie sharpely with Odoneyle as touching hys villanie protesting that the onely cause of hir match with him proceeded of an especiall care to haue hir nephew countenanced and now that he was out of his lashe that mynded to haue betrayed him he should well vnderstande that as the feare of his daunger mooued hir to annere to such a clownish Curmudgen so the assuraunce of his safetie should cause hir to sequester hirselfe from so butcherly a cuttbrote that would be like a pelting mercenarie patche hyred to sell or betray the innocent bloud of his nephew by affinitie and hirs by consanguinitie And in thys wise trussing vp bag and baggage she forsooke Odoneyle and returned to hir countrey The passengers with a prosperous gale arriued at Saint Malouse which notified to the gouernour of Brytayne named Monsieur de Chasteau Brian Chasteau Briā he sent for the yong Fitz Giralde gaue him verie heartie enterteynment during one Monethes space In the meane season the gouernor posted a Messenger to the Court of Fraunce aduertising the King of the arriuall of this Gentleman who presently caused him to be sent for and had him put to the Dolphyn named Henrie who after became king of France Sir Iohn Wallop who was then the English Ambassadour vnderstanding the cause of the Irish fugitiue his repayre to Fraunce Sir Iohn Wallop demaundeth Fitz Giralde demaunded him of the French king ▪ according to the newe made league betwene both the princes which was that none shoulde keepe the other his subiect within his dominion contrarie to eyther of their willes adding further that the boy was brother to one who of late notorious for his rebellion in Ireland was executed at London To this answered the King ▪ first The king denyeth him that the Ambassadour had no Commission from hys Prince to demaunde him and vppon his Maiestie his letter he shoulde knowe more of his mynde secondly that hee did not deteyne him but the Dolphyn stayed him lastly that howe grieuously soeuer his brother offended hee was well assured that the silly boy neither was nor coulde be a traytour and therfore there rested no cause why the Ambassadour shoulde in suche wise craue him not doubting that although hee were deliuered to his king yet he woulde not so farre swarue from the extreeme rigour of Iustice as to embrew his handes in the innocent his bloud for the offence that his brother had perpetrated Maister Wallop herevppon addressed his Letters to Englande specifying to the Counsaile the French kings answere and in the mean tyme the yong Fitz Girald hauing an ynckling of the Ambassadour his motion Fitz Giralde flieth to Flanders fledde secretely to Flaunders scantly reaching to Valencie when Iames Sherelocke one of Maister Wallop his men Iames Sherlocke pursueth Fitz Giralde did not onely pursue him but also did ouertake him as he soiourned in the sayd towne Wherevpon maister Leurouse and such as accompanied the childe stept to the Gouernour of Valencie complayning that one Sherelocke a sneaking spie lyke a pykethanke promoting Varlet did dogge their maister from place to place and presently pursued him to the towne ▪ and therefore they besought the gouernour not to leaue such apparant villaynie vnpunished in that he was willing to betray not onely a guiltlesse child but also his owne Countryman who rather ought for his innocencie to bee pityed than for the deserte of others so eagrely to bee pursued The Gouernour vpon this complaint sore incensed sent in all hast for Sherlocke had him sodainly examined and finding him vnable to colour his lewde practise with any warrantable defence Sherlocke imprisoned he layd him vp by the heeles rewarding his hote pursute with colde interteynment and so remained in gaole vntill the yong Fitz Giralde requiting the
sonne Iohn he bequeathed the Earledome of Mortaign And further he appoynted where he woulde haue his body to be buryed Polid. King Henry the sone his misordr In this meane tyme Henry the sonne remaynyng at home in Englande fell from all good order of measure keeping and gaue hym selfe to all excessiue riot spending and wasting his reuenewes inordinately Of whiche dealing his father being aduertised returned into Englande where he taryed not long but passed ouer againe into Normandy A◅n regn 16. hauyng his said sonne in his companye meaning thereby to remoue hym from the company of those that were very like to corrupt his nature and frame the same to all lewdnesse In this meane while Thomas the Archbishop of Canterbury remayned in exile almost sixe yeares 1170. and could not be restored tyll partly through the minatorie threates of the Pope and partly through the earnest suite made by Lewes the French Kyng Theobald Earle of Bloys and other King Henry beganne somwhat to shew hym selfe conformable towards an agreement Ex Quadrilogio The king the archb Becket met together in presence of the French kyng Wherupon at diuers tymes the two kings met and the Archbishop Thomas came with the French King and at one tyme he humbled hym selfe so to the King of Englande that kneeling downe at his feete saide My soueraigne liege Lorde I commit the whole cause of the controuersie betwixt your Grace and me vnto your maiesties order Gods honour onely reserued The King offended with that ambiguous exception said to the King of Fraunce What so euer displeaseth this man is taken as he interpreteth it contrary to Gods honour and so by that shyft wyll he challenge to hym selfe all that belongeth vnto me But bicause ye shall not thinke that I goe about to resist Gods honour or hym in any reasonable order looke what the greatest and most holy of all his auncestours haue done vnto the meanest of myne auncestours let hym doo the same vnto me and I am contented therwith All the company present cryed that the king humbled hym selfe enough My Lord Archbishop said the French King wyll ye be greater than Saintes and better than Saint Peter Whereof stande you in doubt Beholde your peace is at hand The Archbishop made answere in commendation of the present state of holy Churche as thus My holy predecessours in their tyme The present state of the church in Beckets dayes although they cut not all things away that extolled it selfe against God yet dyd they cut of diuers of them but if they had plucked vp all by the harde rootes which might offende who should nowe haue raised the fire of temptation agaynst vs Wee are in muche better case thankes be to God so that as we haue laboured in their lot and number so are we partakers of their labour and rewarde What if any of them had bin faint or exceeded in any poynt are we bounde to folowe the example of their faintnesse or excesse We blame Peter for his denying of Christe but we prayse hym in reprouyng of Neroes violence with daunger of his lyfe The Churche hath risen and increased out of many daungerous oppressions our fathers haue suffered many things bicause they woulde not forsake the name of Christe and ought I to suppresse his honour to be reconciled vnto any mans fauour God forbyd said he God forbyd When the Noble men present hearde this answeare of a subiect against his Soueraigne The archb Becker blamed of arrogancie they all held against him imputing the fault to the Bishops arrogancie that the peace was not made betweene the king and hym in so muche that there was an Earle which openly said syth that hee resisteth the wyll of both the Realmes he is not worthy to be succoured by either of them from henceforth and therefore being cast out of Englande let not France receyue hym The Councell then being broken vp the Kings departed without biddyng the Archbishop farewell and such as were mediatours for peace in departing from this meting spake many reprochefull wordes to hym Archb. Becket vvilful in his ovvne opinion alledgyng that he had benne euer stoute and wise in his owne conceit and a folower of his owne will and opinion adding that it was a great hinderaunce to the Churche that he was ordeyned Archbishop and that by hym the Churche was alreadye in part destroyed and woulde shortly be altogether brought to ruine But the Archbyshop settyng a watche before his mouth kept silence as though he had not heard and folowed the Frenche king with his people Many saide by the way as they iourneyed Beholde the Archbishop yonder whiche in talke the last night woulde not for the pleasure of the King denie God nor keepe his honor in silence After this when the Archbishop was come to Sens and aduised with himselfe whether it shoulde bee best for him to goe at length hee saide God is able in the last poynte of miserie and distresse to help those chat be his and herewith came a messenger from the French King to bring him to the Court for the French King as one that had bin better instructed in the matter repented himselfe that he had iudged euil of his aunsweres at the last meeting and herevppon receyued him againe into his fauour and rested not to trauell so muche in his cause The French King receyueth the Archbishop Becket agayne into fauoure that at length another meeting was assigned at a certayne place neere the confines of Normandy whther King Henry came and there foūd Kyng Lewes the Archbishop of Rouen and diuers other Bishops togither with the foresaide Archbishop The Archb. is reconciled to the king who after they had reasoned of the matter throughly as they saw cause K. Henry receiued the Archbishop into his fauour againe and promised to redresse all that hadde bin done amisse and pardon all those that had followed him out of the Realme wherevppon the King and the Archbishop being recōciled the Archbishoppe the same day came before the Kings presence and talked with him And amongst other things the Archbishop required of the King that it might be lawfull vnto him withoute the offending of his maiestie to punish a◅ or ◅ing o◅ the sensures of the Churche the iniurie done vnto him by the Archbyshop of Yorke and other Bishops in the Coronation of his sonne which the King graunted and shewed himselfe in all things to the Archbyshop at that time so curteous that as it is said he held his stirrop when he mounted on Horsbacke But whereas twice within a few dayes after The King vvould not kisse the paxe vvith the Archb. the King and the said Archbishop met at Masse the King refused the kisse of peace with him which was marked as a signe of a fained reconciliation though indeede he afterwardes entertained him very curteously and at his departure ouer into England tooke leaue of hym in frindly manner and
of S. Michael next ensuing Mat. Paris He sent also vnto al his Chatelaines Conestables of Castels within the realme requiring them to prouide themselues of all things necessarie for defence of their holdes committed to theyr charge if they shuld chance to be besieged though it were on the next morow His Ambassadors and other messengers being thus dispatched and hauing but few persons left about him or iâ—…ner none except suche of the Bishop of Noâ—…h his seruaunts as hee had borowed of him he calleth â—…ake prises as any ships came by suspected not to be his friendes so seeking to winne the fauâ—… 〈◊〉 Mariners that belonged to the cinque pâ—…tes and so lyeth close in the I le of Wight and there aboute the Sea coasts for the space of there Monethes togither In which meane time many things were reported of him some calling him a fisher some a merchant and some a pyrate and rouer And many for that no certain newes could be heard of him iudged that he was either drowned or dead by some other meanes But hee styll looking for some power to come ouer to hys ayde kept himselfe out of the way tyll the same shoulde be arryued The Lords all this while lie at London Polidor and beganne to doubt the matter bycause they coulde heare no certaine newes where the king was become for hee doubting as I sayde the suretie of his person conueyed himselfe secretely from one place to another lodging and taking his diet oftentymes more meanely than was decent for his estate and styl he longed to heare howe his Ambassadours spedde with the Pope who in the meane tyme comming vnto Rome The Ambassadors comming to the Popes presence declare their message and there declaring theyr message at ful tooke it vpon their solemne othe that the right was on the Kings syde and that the fault rested onely on the Lords touching the whole controuersie betweene them and him who sought with great rigour and agaynste reason to brydle him at theyr pleasures They shewed also a note of certayne Articles conteyned in the Charter Mat. Par. which seemed to make mosâ—… for the kings purpose and withall declared that the King in open assemblie where hee and the Barons mette to talke of such matters had protested that the kingdome of Englande specially apperteyned as touâ—… the soueraigntie vnto the Church of Râ—… wherevpon hee neyther coulde nor ought without knowledge of the Pope ordeyne any thing of newe or chaunge ought within that kingdome in preiudice therof Wherefore where as he put himselfe and all the rights of his kingdome by way of appealing vnder the protection of the Apostolike sea the Barons yet without regard had to the same appeale did â—â—aze into their possession the citie of London and getting them to armor enforced the king to confirm such vnreasonable articles as there appeared for him to consider of The Popes answere vnto the kings Ambassadors The Pope hauing heard their tale and considered of the articles with bending browes in witnesse of his indignation made forthwith this short answere And is it so that the Barons of England quoth he do go about to expell theyr king which hath taken vpon him the Crosse and is remayning vnder the protection of the Apostolike sea and doe they meane w t deede to translate the dominioÌ„ that belogeth to the church of Rome vnto an other By S. Peter wee cannot suffer this â—…urie to passe vnpunished HerevpoÌ„ therfore crediting the Ambassadors wordes by the aduice of his Cardinals he decreed that al those priuiledges which the king had graunted vnto the Lords Barons of this realme as inforced therto by their rebellious attempt should be accouÌ„ted voyd and of none effect Also he wrote vnto the Lords admonishing theÌ„ by his letters that they should obey their K. vpoÌ„ paine of his curse if they should attempt any thing that sounded to the coÌ„trary Hec. Portius At the same time likewise there was in the court of Rome as Hector Boctius hath a Cardinal named Gnald or Wallo Cardinall Guâ—…o a most auaritious person and such one as in that place some are neuer wanting whiche for money passed not what he did to further any mans suyte without regarde either to right or wrong by whose chiefe trauaile and meanes the Pope was greatly induced to fauor king Iohns cause and to iudge with him in preiudice of the Lordes purposes as before is expressed King Iohn after he vnderstood that the Barons conteÌ„ning the popes decree and inhibition were more offended and bent against him than before The king â—…deth câ—… to the 〈◊〉 sendeth once againe to the Pope to aduertise him of their disobedience and great coÌ„tumacie shewed in refusing to stand vnto his prescript The king turneth 〈◊〉 the I le of Wight This done he returned into the I le of wight and sailed from thence vnto Douer where diuerse of those his coÌ„missaries which hee had sent to hyre souldiers in forraine partes returne to him bringing with theÌ„ out of diuerse countreys such a multitude of souldiers and armed men Mat. Pâ—… Polidâ—… that the only sight of them stroke the hearts of all the beholders with great feare terror For out of the parties of Poictou The aâ—…â—…orain sâ—… to the kâ—… ayde Sauarie 〈◊〉 Miâ—… and Gascome their came men of great nobilitie and right worthy warriors as Sauery de Mauleon Geffrey and Oliuer de Buteuile two brethren hauing vnder them great numbers of good souldiers and tal men of warre Also out of Brabant there came Walter But Gerarde de Sotignie and one Godestall with three legions of armed men and Crossebowes Likewise there came out of Flaunders other Captaynes Ferdinâ—… Earle of â—…ders wyth diuerse bandes of souldiers whiche Ferdinando Earle of Flaunders lately returned oute of the French captiuitie for olde friendshippes sake furnished and sent ouer to ayde hym agaynste hys subiectes according as he had requested King Iohn then hauing recouered strength about hym Wil. de â—…ney caâ—… Rocheâ—… Castell And beeing aduertised that William de Albeney was entred into the Castell of Rochester with a greate number of Knightes men of Armes and other Souldiers hasted thither with his whole armie and besieged them within enforcing himselfe by all wayes possible to winne the Castell as well by battering the walles with Engines 〈◊〉 Iohn beâ—…th the â—…ll of Roâ—…r as by giuing thereto many assaultes but the garnison wythin consisting of .94 knightes beside Demilaunces and other Souldiers defended the place verie manfully in hope of rescue from the barons which lay as them at London but they coÌ„ming forward one dayes iourney vnto Dartforde when they heard that the King was comming forwarde in good array of battayle to meete them vpon consideration had of theyr owne forces for that they were not able to match him with footemen they returned backe againe to the Citie breaking that assured promise which they had
and maynteyned a true quarrell til his liues ende Also his enimies continued not long after but came to euill ende Others conceyued an other opinion of hym alledging that hee fauoured not his wife but lyued in spouse breache Sâ—… Sâ—â—tlike partes defiling a greate number of damosels Gentlewomen If any offended him he slew him shortly after in his wrathfull moode Apostataes and other euill doers he mainteyned and would not suffer them to be punished by due order of lawe All his doings hee vsed to coÌ„mitte vnto one of his Secretaries and tooke no heede himselfe thereof and as for the manner of his death he fledde shamefully in the fight and was taken and put to death against his will bycause he could not auoide it yet by reason of certayne miracles whiche were said to be done neere to the place both where he suffered and where hee was buried caused many to thinke he was a Sainct howbeit at length by the Kings commaundement the Church dores of the Priory where hee was buried were shut and closed so that no man might be suffered to come to the tombe to bryng any offerings or to do any other kinde of deuotion to the same Also the hill where hee suffered Caxtâ—â— was kept by certaine Gascoignes appoynted by the L. Hugh Spencer the sonne as then lying at Pounfret to the ende that no people shoulde come and make their prayers there in worship of the said Earle whome they tooke verily for a Martir When the King had subdued the Barons shortly after A Parliament at Yorke aboute the feast of the Ascention of our Lord he held a ParliameÌ„t at Yorke in whiche Parliament the record and whole processe of the decree or iudgement concerning the disinheriting of the Spencers ordeined by the Lordes in Parliament assembled at London The râ—… touchâ—… â–ª aâ—… banishiâ—… 〈◊〉 the Spenceâ—… reuersed the last sommer was now throughly examined and for their errors therein found the same recorde and processe was cleerely adnihillated and reuersed and the sayd Spencers were restored to al their lands and offices â—…eation of â—…rles as before And in the same ParliameÌ„t the Lorde Hugh Spencer the father was made Earle of Winchester and the Lorde Andrew de Herkley Earle of Careleill Moreouer in the same Parliamente all suche were disinherited as had taken part with y e Erles of Lancaster Hereford â—…he Lorde â—…deley â—…doned except the Lorde Hugh Audeley the yonger and a few other the whyche Lord Hugh was pardoned bycause he had married the Kings neece that was sister to Gilberte de Clare Earle of Gloucester which was slayne in Scotlande at the battell of Bannockesborne as before is mentioned Robert Baldocke is maâ—…e 〈◊〉 Chancellor Polidor Also master Robert Baldocke a man euil beloued in the Realme is made Lord Chancellour of England This Robert Baldocke and one Simon Reding were great fauourers of y e SpeÌ„cers and so likewise was the Earle of Arundell and thereby it may be thought that the Spencers did help to aduance them into the Kings fauour so that they bare no small rule in the Realme during the time that the same Spencers continued in prosperitie which for y e tearme of fiue yeres after that the foresaide Barons as before is expressed were brought to confusion did wonderfully encrease The Queene â—…iueth good â—…ouncell and the Queene for that she gaue good and faithfull counsaile was nothing regarded but by the Spencers meanes cleerely worne out of the Kings fauour The kings â—…dest sonne â—…eated prince 〈◊〉 Wales Moreouer we finde that in this Parliament holden at Yorke the Kings eldest sonne Edward was made Prince of Wales and Duke of Aquitaine Also the King caused the ordinances made by the Earles and Barons to be examined by men of great knowledge and skill and suche as were thought necessary to be established he commaunded that the same shoulde be called statutes Statutes and not ordinances Beside a great subsedie graunted to the King by the Temporaltie A subsedie the Cleargie of the prouince of Caunterburie graunted fiue peÌ„ce of euery marke and they of y e prouince of Yorke four pence Aymer Earle of Pembroke beeing returned home from this Parliamente holden at Yorke Addition to Triuet The Earle of Pembroke arrested was arrested by certaine Knightes sent with authoritie thereto from the King who brought him backe to Yorke where at length through sute of certayne noble men hee was vpon his oth taken to be a faithfull subiect and in consideration of a fine whiche hee payed to the King set at libertie The occasion of his emprisonmente came for that he was accused and detected to bee a secrete fauourer of the Barons cause against the Spencers in time of the late troubles Moreouer shortly after Fabian the King gathered the sixth peny of the temporall mens goodes thorough Englande Irelande and Wales whyche had bin graunted to him at the foresaide Parliament holden at Yorke towards the defending of the Realme against the Scottes This taxe was not gathered withoute greate murmure and grudge the Realme beeing in such euill and miserable state as it then was This yeare also the sunne appeared to mans sighte in coulour like to bloud and so continued sixe houres that is to witte from seuen of the clocke in y e morning of y e last day of October vnto one of y e clocke in the after none of y e same day Kyng Edwarde being thus besette with two mischiefes both at one time thought good first to prouide remedie againste the neerer daunger whiche by the Scottes was still at hande and therefore he meant to goe against them hymselfe and to send his brother Edmond Earle of Kent into Guyenne to defende that countrey from the Frenchmen An. reg 16. Heerevppon nowe in the sixteenth yeare of hys raigne after that y e Scottes were returned home with a great bootie and rich spoyle The King goeth into Scotlande with an army Rich. South Merimouth he gote togyther a wonderfull greate army of men and entring into Scotland passed far within the CouÌ„trey not finding any resistance at all as the most parte of oure writers doe agree but at length through famine and diseases of the flixe and other maladies that fell amongst the Englishmen in the army hee was constreyned to come backe and in his way besieged the Castell of Norham whiche fortresse hee wanne within tenne dayes after he had begun to assault it Robert Bruce immediately after the English army was retired home reysed a power and entring into England by Sulway sands lay at a place called Beaumond not past three myles from Careleill by the space of fiue dayes sending in the meane time the most parte of his army abroade to spoyle and harrie the countrey on euery side and afterwardes remouing from thence hee passeth towardes Blackamore hauing knowledge by diligente espials that King Edwarde was in those parties giuing hymselfe
of armed men and lykewise the Earle of Northumberlande with no lesse company came likewise to London and was lodged within the Citie hauing great friendship shewed towardes hym of the Citizens The Londoners frends to the Earle of Northumberlande who promised to assist hym at all tymes when necessitie required so that hys parte seemed to bee ouerstrong for the Duke if they shoulde haue come to any triall of their forces at that time The Duke laye with his people in the suburbes The Lords siâ—… in armour in the parliameÌ„â—… house and euery day when they went to the Parliament house at Westminster both partes went thither in armour to the great terror of those that were wise and graue personages fearing some mischiefe to fall foorth of that vnaccustomed maner of theyr goyng armed to the Parliamente house contrary to the auntient vsage of y e realme At length to quiet the parties The K. maketh an agreemeÌ„t betweene the duke of Lancaster anâ—… the Earle of Northumberland and to auoyde suche inconuenientes as mighte haue growen of theyr dissention the Kyng tooke the matter into hys handes and so they were made friendes to the ende that some good myghte bee done in that Parliamente for reformation of things touching the state of the Realme for whiche cause it was especially called but nowe after it had continued a long tyme and fewe things at all concluded newes came that the Lady Anne sister to the Emperoure Wenslaus and fyanced wife to the Kyng of England was come to Caleis wherevppon the Parliamente was proroged till after Christmas that in the meane time the marriage myght bee solemnised whyche was appoynted after the Epiphanie and foorthwith greaâ—… preparation was made to receyue the Bryde that shee myghte bee conueyed with all honor vnto the Kyngs presence Suche as shoulde receyue hir at Douer The Emperours sister aâ—…fyâ—…â—…o kyng Richard is receyued at Douer A watershakâ—… repayred thither where at hir landing a maruellous and righte straunge wonder happened for shee was no sooner out of hir Shippe and gâ—… to lande in safetie with all hir company â—…t that forthwith the water was so troubled and shaken as the like thing had not to any mans remembraunce euer bin hearde of so that the Shippe in which the appoynted Queene came ouer was terribly rent into peeces and the residue so beaten one againste an other that they were scattered heere and there after a wonderfull manner Before hir comming to the Citie of London shee was met on Blackheath by the Maior and Citizens of London 1382 in most honorable wise and so with greate triumph conueyd to Westminster where at the time appoynted all the Nobilitie of the Realme being assembled The Kings marriage with the Emperors sister shee was ioyned in marriage to the King and Crownes Queene by the Archbyshop of Caunterbury with all the glory and honor that might be deuised There were also holden for the more honor of the same marriage solemne Iustes for certayne dayes togither in which as well the Englishmen as y e new Queenes Countreymen shewed proofe of their manhoode and valiancie whereby prayse and commendation of Knightly prowes was atchieued not withoute domage of both the parties After that the solemnitie of the marriage was finished the Parliamente eftsoones beganne in the whiche many things were enacted for the behoofe of the common wealthe And amongst other things it was ordeyned that all maner manumissions obligations releasses and other bondes made by compulsion dures and menace in time of this last tumulte and ryot agaynste the lawes of the lande and good fayth should bee vtterly voyde and adnihillate And further that if the Kynges faythfull liege people did perceyue any gathering of the Commons in suspect wise to the number of sixe or seauen holding conuenticles togither they shoulde not stay for y e Kings writte in that behalfe for theyr warrante but forthwith it shoulde bee lawfull for them to apprehende suche people assembling togither and to lay them in prison till they mighte aunswere their doings These and many other things were established in this Parliamente of the whiche the most part are set foorthe in the Printed Booke of Statutes where yee maye reade the same more at large In tyme of thys Parliamente the Earle of Suffolke William Vfforde beeyng chosen by the Knyghtes of the Shires to pronounce in behalfe of the common wealthe certayne matters concerning the same The very day and houre in whyche hee shoulde haue serued that turne as hee wente vp the staires The suddayne â—…eath of the Earle of Suffolke towardes the vpper house he suddaynely fell downe and dyed in the handes of hys seruauntes busie about to take hym vp whereas hee felte no griefe of sicknesse when hee came into Westminster beeyng then and before merrie and pleasante ynough to all mens sights Of hys suddayne death many were greaâ—… abasshed for that in hys lyfe tyme hee 〈◊〉 shewed hymselfe courteous and amiable to all men The Parliamente shortly therevppon tooke ende after that the Merchauntes had graunted to the Kyng for a subsedie certayne customes of theyr woolles whiche they bought and solde called a Maletot to endure for four yeares The Lord Richard Scrope was made Lord Chancellor and the Lorde Hugh Segraue Lord Treasorer About the same time The Earle of Marche his good seruice whilâ—…st he 〈◊〉 depâ—…ie of Irelande the Lorde Edmonde Mortimer Earle of Marche the Kings Lieutenaunt in Irelande departed this life after hee had brought in manner all that lande to peace and quiete by his noble and prudente gouernemente In this season Wiclifâ—… doctrine Wiclife set foorthe dyuers Articles and conclusions of hys doctrine whiche the newe Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury William Courtney lately remoued from the Sea of London vnto the higher dignitie dyd what hee coulde by all shiftes to suppresse and to force suche as were the setters foorthe and maynteyners thereof to recante and vtterly to renounce What hee brought to passe in the Booke of Actes and monumentes set foorthe by maister Foxe ye may finde at large The Twesday next after the feast of Sainâ—…t Iohn Port latine an other Parliament began in whiche at the earnest sute and request of the Knyghtes of the shires Iohn Wrawe Priest Iohn Wrawe â–ª that was the chiefe doer among the commons in Suffolke at Bury and Mildenhale was adiudged to be drawen and hanged although many beleeued that hys lyfe should haue bin redeemed for some great portion of money A lewde fellowe that tooke vppon hym to bee skilfull in Phisicke and Astronomy caused it to bee published thorough the Citie of London that vppon the Ascention euen there would rise suche a pestilente Planet that all those whyche came abroade foorthe of theyr chambers before they hadde sayde fyue tymes the Lordes prayer then coÌ„monly called the Pater noster dyd not eate somewhat that morning before theyr going foorthe shoulde bee taken with sicknesse and
that no maner of person charge any of the forenamed either priuily or apertly in word or deed to hurt theÌ„ or cause any hurt to be done to them but all quarels and demaundes agaynst them to be remitted vnto the next Parliament prefixed And to haue all things in more perfect readinesse and remembrance when the estates shoulde be assembled certain of the Lords were appointed to sit in the meane time to deuise how they might proceed orderly in redresse of such matters 〈◊〉 to require some speedie reformation 〈◊〉 did they think it good to depart in sunder for 〈◊〉 to be entrapped through the malicious practise of their aduersaries which their doubt 〈◊〉 Afterward to stand them in steed of great wisedome for immediately after their sayd aduersaries câ—…me to the king and declared howe they were dayly 〈◊〉 daÌ„ger of their liues by reason of y e malice which the Lords had conceyued against them onely 〈◊〉 the kings sake not for any matter of their 〈◊〉 And where the king had promised that theâ—… 〈◊〉 appeare at the next Parliament whiche 〈◊〉 haÌ„d they told him plainly that they neither durst nor would put their bodies in such manifest daâ—…ger The king considering hereof withdrew himselfe from the companie of the Lordes that were assigned to sit at London to deliberate of matteâ—…s that were to bee talked of ordred in the Parliament and so that counsaile was deferred layde aside and the kings counsailors that stood in danger of their liues through the malice of the Lords confederated with the duke of Gloucester got theÌ„ from the Court withdrew some into this place and some into that Among other the erle of Sâ—…ffolke fied ouer vnto Calais in secrete wise The erle 〈◊〉 â—…folk 〈◊〉 ouer to Caâ—… by the helpe of a knight called sir William Hoo who holpe to conuey him thither He had chaunged his apparell and shauen â—…s hearde and so disguised counterfeyted himselfe to be a Poulter and to sell certaine foule whiche hee had gotten by whiche meanes hee was not knowne till at length comming to the gates of the Castell whereof hys brother sir Edmonde de la Poole was Captaine hee discouered to hym scarcely knowing who he was by reasoÌ„ he was so disguised the whole occasion of his repayring thyther requyring him to keepe his counsayle and that hee mighte remayne with him in priuie maner for a tyme tyll hee myght heare more howe things wente in Englande from whence hee was thus fled to auoyde the bloudie handes of his enimies that sought his life His brother doubting what might be layde to his charge if he shoulde conceale this matter from the Lorde William Beauchampe Lord Deputie of the towne streyghtwayes aduertised hym thereof who tooke order that the Earle shoulde foorthwith bee sâ—…nt backe agayne into Englande to the King Graftâ—… who receyued hym wyth small thanks to them that brought him ouer insomuch as some write his brother being one was committed to Pryson for disclosing him But yet bycause it shoulde not seeme that hee imprysoned hym for that cause hee was shortlye after set at libertie and returned againe to his charge at Calais The Erle was also permytted to go whither he woulde although the king had vndertaken to present him and others at the â—…ext Parliament to answere theyr offences as the same might bee layde to theyr charge But here it may be doubted by the vncertentie of writtes whether the Erle of Suffolke thus fled ouer to Calais before the iourney at Raâ—…câ—…te bridge or after but whether it chaunced eyther after or before it is certain that 〈◊〉 the time that the Lordes had enforced the King to promise to exhibite him and others at the â—…xt Parliament to abide their trials he durst not openly remaine in the Court but taking leaue of the king departed from him Wherevpon the King being oute of quiet for the absence of him and other his best beloued counsaylers whome hee so much esteemed and namely of the Duke of Irelande and the sayd Erle of Suffolke he appoynted one Thomas Molineux Conestable of the Castell of Chester a man of high valiauncie and great power in the parties of Chesshire and Lancashire A commission to the Sherif of Châ—…shire to sâ—…onduct 〈◊〉 Duke of â—…land to the kings preseÌ„ce to rayse an armie of men with the assistance of the Sherife of Chesshire to whome his commission of authoritie in that behalfe vnder the great scale was directed to the ende that they might conuey the duke of Irelande in all safetie vnto the kings presence The Sherife hauing receyued this commission togither with the sayd Thomas Molineux raysed a power and such as refused to serue in respect of such good will as they bare to the Lordes he committed to prison commaunding the Iaylers to keepe them streyte in Irons wyth bread and water till his returne Moreouer the king sent to sir Raufe Vernon and sir Richarde Raâ—…cliffe willing them to assist the other And so thus they set forwarde with the number of fiue thousande men The lordâ—… seke to stop the passage of the Irelande When the Lordes vnderstoode that the duke of Irelande was marching towardes London with such a power of menne meaning to ioyne with the Londoners and so to make as it had bin an inuinâ—…ble armie they besturred themselues and fell in hand to arme theyr men and to exhort one another that nowe they shoulde not bee negligent in their owne defence but to make hast for the dispatching of those that craftily had gone about to conspire their deathes And so these lords to wit the duke of Gloucester the Erles of Wardiâ—… Arundell Warwike and Notingham asseÌ„bled their powers oute of all quarters to encounter with the Duke of Irelande and when they had got their companies togither they forelayde al the wayes by which hee was thought to come But the Duke of Irelande hauing wyth him Molineux Vernon and Ratclise roade forwarde in stately and glorious arraye with an armie as yee haue hearde of fiue thousande men supposing that none durst come forth to wythstande him Neuerthelesse when he came to Ratâ—…oâ—…e bridge not passe foure miles from Cheping Norton which bridge the coulde haue passed he had beene out of the daunger of an enimies hee sodainely espied where the armie of the Lordes lay not farre distant from him readie in the midst of a â—…alley to 〈◊〉 his comming Some of the Erle of Darâ—â—es company had broken the bridge and so stopped his passage He therefore perceyuing his enimies intention stayed and 〈◊〉 the kings banner to be spred and began to 〈◊〉 a good countenance of the matter and to exhort his people to shew themselues valiant and herewith causeâ—… the trumpets is to founde But when it appeared that as some were readie to fight in his quarel so there were other that quite forsooke him The Duke of Ireland his soldiers reuolt from him and sayde â—…atly they woulde not fight
Cobham condemned But now to proceede In this Parliament holden at Shrewsburye the Lorde Reignolde Cobham beeing a verye aged manne simple and vpright in all his dealings was condemned for none other cause but for that in the xj yeare of the Kings raigne hee was apointed with other to be attendaunt about the king as one of his gouernors The actes and ordinaunces also deuised and established in the parliament holden in that .xj. yeare were likwise repealed Moreouer in this Parliament at Shrewesbury it was decreed that the Lorde Iohn Cobham shoulde be sente into the Isle of Gernesey there to remaine in exile hauyng a small portion assigned hym to liue vpon The king so wroughte that hee obteyned the whole power of bothe houses to be graunted vnto certaine persones as to Iohn duke of Lancaster Edmunde duke of Yorke Edmunde Duke of Aumerle The auctoritie of bothe houses in parliament grauÌ„ted to certaine persons Tho. duke of Surrey Iohn duke of Excester Iohn Marques Dorset Rog. erle of Marche Io. erle of Salisbury Henry erle of Northumberland Tho. erle of Gloucester Wil. erle of Wiltshire Iohn Hussey Henry Cheimeswick Robert Tey and Io. Goulofer knights Tho. VVals or to .vij. or .viij. of them These were appointed to heare determine certaine petitions and maters yet depending and not ended but by vertue of this graunt they proceeded to conclude vpon other thinges whiche generally touched the knowledge of the whole parliameÌ„t in derogation of the states thereof to the disaduantage of the kyng perillous example in time to come When the king had spente much money in time of this parliameÌ„t he demanded a disme a halfe of the clergie and a .xv. of the temporaltie Finally a generall pardon was graunted for all offences to all the kinges subiects â—…0 only excepted whose names he wold not by any meanes expresse but reserued them to his owne knowledge that when any of the nobilitie offended him he might at his pleasure name him to be one of the number excepted and so keepe them still within his daunger To the ende that the ordinaunces iudgementes and actes made pronounced and established in this Parliamente mighte be and abide in perpetuall strengthe and force the Kyng purchased the Popes 〈◊〉 which were conteined greuous censures â—…ses The king 〈…〉 againâ—… 〈…〉 pronounced agaynst al suche as did 〈◊〉 means go about to break violate the statuteâ—… the same parliamente ordeined These 〈◊〉 were openly published and red at Paules 〈◊〉 in London in other the most publike places of the realme Many other things were 〈◊〉 in this parliameÌ„t to the displeasure of no 〈◊〉 number of people namely Rightfull 〈…〉 for that diuers rightfull heires were disinherited of their lands and liuings by auctoritie of the same parliament with which wrongfull doings the people wâ—… muche offended so that the K. and those that were about him chiefe in counseâ—… come 〈◊〉 greate infamy and slaunder In deede the king after he had dispatched the duke of Gloucestâ—… and the other noble men was not a little 〈◊〉 for that he knewe them still ready to disappoâ—… him in all his purposes therefore being 〈◊〉 as it were carelesse did not behaue hymselfe 〈◊〉 some haue written in such discreete order Polidor at many wished but rather as in time of prosperitie it often happeneth he forgot hymselfe Kyng Richarde his euill gouernement and beganne to rule by will more than by reason threatning deathe to eche one that obeyed 〈◊〉 his inordinate desires by meanes wherof the lords of the realme began to feare their owne estates being in danger of his furious outrage whome they tooke for a manne destitute of sobrietie and wisedome and therefore coulde not like of him that so abused his auctoritie Herevpon there were sundry of the nobles that lamented these mischiefes and specially shewed their griefes vnto such by whose naughty couÌ„sell they vnderstoode the king to be missed and this they did to the ende that they being aboute him might either turne their copies and giue him better couÌ„sell or else he hauing knowledge what euill reporte went of him might amende his maners But all was in vaine for so it fell forthe that in this parliameÌ„t holdeÌ„ at Shrewsbury Henry Duke of Hereford The Duke of Hereforde appealeth the duke of Norfolk of oftetimes accused Tho. Mowbray duke of Norfolke of certaine wordes which he shuld vtter in talke had betwixt them as they roade togyther lately before betwixte London and Brainforde sounding highely to the kings dishonor Thom. VVaâ—… And for further proofe thereof he presented a supplication to the K. wherin he appealed the duke of Norfolke in field of battaile for a traitour false and disloiall to the K. and enimy vnto the realme This supplication was redde beefore bothe the Dukes in presence of the Kyng whiche done the Duke of Norfolke tooke vppon hym to aunswere it declaring that whatsoeuer the Duke of Hereforde hadde sayde agaynste hym other than well hee lyed falsely like an vntrue Knighte as he was And wheÌ„ the king asked of the duke of Hereforde what he saide to it he taking hys hoode off his heade said 〈◊〉 soueâ—… Lorde euen as the supplication whiche I tooke you importeth right so I say to â—…ruthe that Thomas Moubray duke of Norfolke is a traitoâ—… false and disloyall to your toâ—… Maiestie was crowne and to all the sâ—…s of your realme Then the Duke of Norfolke beeyng asked what he said to this he answered Right dâ—… Lord with your fauour that I make aunswere vnto your cousin here I say your reuerence saued that Henry of Lancaster duke of Hereforde like a false and disloyall traitour as he is dothe lye in that he hath or shall say of mee otherwise than well No more saide the Kyng wee haue hearde enough and herewyth commaunded the Duke of Surrey for that tourne Marshall of Englande to arrest in his name the twoo Dukes The Duke of â—…ry Marshal and the Duke of Aumarle câ—…able of Englande the Duke of Lancaster father to the Duke of Hereforde the Duke of Yorke the Duke of Aumarle Constable of Englande and the duke of Surrey Marshal of the realm vndertook as pledges body for body for the duke of Herford but the duke of Norfolke was not suffred to put in pledges and so vnder arrest was led vnto Windsor castel and there garded wyth keepers that were appointed to see hym safely kept Nowe after the dissoluing of the Parliament at Shrewsbury there was a day appointed about a sixe weekes after for the K. to come vnto Winsor to hear and to take some order betwixte the twoo dukes which had thus appealed eche other The order of the proceeding in this appeale There was a greate skaffold erected within the castell of Windsore for the king to sit with the Lordes and Prelates of his realme and so at the day apointed he with the saide lords prelats being come
this it was then declared that notwithstanding the foresayde renouncing so by the Lords and Commons admitted and confirmēd it were necessarie in auoyding of all suspitions and surmises of euill disposed persons to haue in wryting and registred the manifolde crymes and defaults before done by K. Ri. to y e ende that they might first bee openly declared to the people and after to remaine of recorde amongst other of the kings recordes for euer which was done accordingly for the articles which before ye haue heard were drawne and engrossed vp and there shewed ready to be read but for other causes more needful as thē to be preferred the reading of those articles at that season was deferred Then forasmuch as the Lordes of the Parliament had well considered the voluntarie resignation of king Richarde and that it was behouefull and as they thought necessary for the weale of the realme to proceede vnto the sentence of his deposing there were appoynted by the authoritie of al the estates there in Parliamēt assembled the Bishop of Saint Asaph the Abbot of Glastenburie the Erle of Gloucester the Lorde Berkley William Thirning iustice and Tho. Expingham Th. Gray knights y t they shuld giue pronoūce the opē sentence of the deposing of king Richarde Wherevpon the sayde Commissioners taking counsaile togither by good and deliberate aduise therein had with one assent agreed that the B. of S. Asaph shoulde publish the sentence for them and in their names as followeth IN the name of God Amen We Iohn B. of S. Asaph The publica◅io◅ of King Richards deposing Iohn Abbot of Glastenburie Thomas erle of Gloucester Thomas L. Barkley Wil. Thirninge Iustice Thomas Erpingham and Thomas Gray knights chosē deputed speciall cōmissaries by the thre estates of thys present Parliament representing the whole body of the realme for all such matters by the sayde estates to vs committed we vnderstanding considering the manifold crymes hurts and harmes done by Richarde king of England and misgouernance of the same by a long time to the great decay of the sayd land and vtter ruine of the same shortly to haue bin had not the speciall grace of our God therevnto put the sooner remedie and also furthermore aduerting that the sayd king Richard by acknowledging his own insufficiencie hath of his owne mere volunte and free will renounced and giuen ouer the rule and gouernance of this lande with all rights and honors vnto the same belonging and vtterly for his merites hath iudged himselfe not vnworthily to be deposed of all kingly Maiestie and estate roial We the premisses well considering by good and diligent deliberation by the power name and authoritie to vs as aboue is said committed pronounce discern and declare the same king Richard before this to haue bin and to be vnprofitable vnable vnsufficient vnworthy to the rule and gouernaunce of the foresayde realmes and Lordships and of all rights and other the appurtenances to the same belonging And for the same causes we depriue him of al kingly dignitie and worship and of any kingly worship in himself And we depose him by our sentence definitiue forbidding expresly to all Archbishops Bishops all other prelates dukes Marquesses Erles Barons and Knights and al other men of the foresayde kingdome and Lordships subiects and lieges whatsoeuer they be that none of them from this day forward to the foresayd Richard as K. lord of the foresaid realmes and lordships be neither obedient nor attendant After which sentence thus openly declared the said estates admitted forthwith the forenamed cōmissioners for their procurators to resigne and yeeld vp vnto king Richard al their homage and fealty which in times past they had made ought vnto him and also for to declare vnto him if need were all thinges before done that concerned the purpose and cause of his deposing the which resignation was respited till the morow folowing Immediatly as the sentence was in this wise passed that by reason therof the realm stood void without head or gouernor for the time the Duke of Lancaster rising from the place where he before sate and standing where all those in the house might behold him in reuerent maner made a sign of the crosse on his forehed likewise on his brest after silence by an officer cōmaūded said vnto y e people there being present these words following IN the name of the father and of the son The Duke of Lancaster claymeth the Crowne and of the holy ghost I Henrie of Lancaster clayme the realme of England and the crowne with all the appurtenances as I that am discended by right line of the bloud cōming frō that good Lord king Henrie the thirde and through the right that God of his grace hath sent to me with the helpe of my kyn and of my friends to recouer the same which was in poynt to be vndone for default of good gouernance and due iustice After whiche words thus by him vttered he returned and sate him down in the place where before he had sitten After the Archbishop had ended wishing that it might so come to passe the people answered Amen The wordes of the elected king The king then standing on his feet said vnto the Lordes and Cōmons there present I thanke you my Lordes both spirituall and temporal and all the states of this lande and doe you to witte that it is not my will that any man thinke that I by the way of conquest would disinherite any man of his heritage franches or other ryghtes that him ought to haue of right nor for to putte him out of that which he now enioyeth and hath had before time by custome of good law of thys realme except such priuate persons as haue beene against the good purpose and the common profit of the realme When hee had thus ended then all the Sherifes and other officers were put in their authorities againe to exercise the same as before whiche they could not doe whilest the kings royal throne was voyde Tho. VVals Moreouer a Proclamation was made that the states shoulde assemble againe in Parliament on Monday then next ensuing beeing the feast day of S. Fayth whiche is the sixt of October and that the Monday then next following being the .xiij. of the same Moneth and the feast day of Saint Edward the king The coronatiō proclaymed and Confessor the coronation should be solemnised and that al such as had to clayme any seruice to be done by them at the same by any tenure they shoulde come to the white Hall in the kings Palace afore the steward Marshall and Conestable of Englande on Saterday next before the same day of y e Parliamēt The parliamēt and presenting their petitions that were due and rightfull they should obteyne that to them apperteyned Excuse was also made on the kings behalfe for calling a Parliament vpon so short a warning so as the knights and Burgesses were not chaunged but
of the kings high way let drawe the chaine of the stoupes there and set vp pipes and hurdles in manner and forme of Bulwarkes and set men in Chambers Cellers and Windows with bowes and arrowes and other wepons to the intent to bring to finall destruction my saide Lorde of Gloucesters person aswell as of those that then shoulde come wyth hym 4 Item my said Lord of Gloucester saith and affirmeth that our soueraigne Lorde hys brother that was king Henry the fift tolde him on a time when our soueraigne Lorde being prince was lodged in the pallace of Westminster in the greate chamber by the noise of a spaniell there was on a night a man spied and taken behinde a tapet of the sayde Chamber the whyche man was delyuered to the Earle of Arundell to bee examined vppon the cause of his being there at that time the which so examined at that time confessed that hee was there by the stirring vp and precuring of my saide Lorde of Winchester ordeined to haue slaine the saide Prince there in his bedde Wherefore the saide Earle of Arundell let sacke him forthwith and drowned him in the Thames 5 Item our soueraigne Lorde that was Kyng Henry the fift saide vnto my sayd Lord of Gloucester that his father Kyng Henry the fourth liuing and visited then greately wyth sicknesse of the hand of God my saide Lord of Winchester saide vnto the king Henry the fift then being prince that the king his father so visited with sicknesse was not personable and therefore not disposed to come in conuersation and gouernance of the people and for so much counsailed him to take the gouernance crown of this lande vpon hym The aunswere of the Bishop HEre ensue the aunswers to the accusations made by my Lorde of Winchester Chauncellour of Englande vnto the causes and matters of heauinesse declared in the Articles against him by my Lorde of Gloucester 1 Fyrst as of the refuse made vnto my lord of Gloucester of opening the Tower to him of his lodging therein by the commaundement of my saide lorde of Winchester he aunswereth that in the presence of my saide Lord of Gloucester before his comming out of his country of Heinault for causes suche as were thought resonable it seemeth lawfull that the Tower shoulde haue bin notably stored and kepte with victuall howbeit it was not forthwith executed and that in likewise after that my said lord of Gloucester was gone into his said countrey of Heinault for seditious and odious villes and languages caste vsed in the citie of London sounding of insurrection and rebellion againste the kings peace and destruction aswell of diuers estates of this lande as strangers being vnder the defence in so muche that in doubt thereof straungers in greate number fledde the lande And for the more sure keping of the said Tower Richarde Wooduile esquier so trusted with our soueraigne lord the king that deade is as well ye knowe and also chamberlaine and counsellor vnto my Lorde of Bedforde wyth a certaine number of defensible persons assigned vnto hym was made deputie there by the assent of the kings counsell being that time at London for to abide therein for the safegarde thereof and straightlie chardged by the saide counsell that during that tyme of his sayde chardge he shoulde not suffer any man to be in the Tower stronger than hymselfe without speciall charge or commaundement of the king by the aduise of his counsell 2 Item that after soone vppon the comming of my laid Lord of Gloucester into this lande from his countrey of Heinault the saide lords of the kings counsell were informed that my said Lorde of Gloucester grudged with the saide manner of enforcing the Tower and let say to them of London that hee had well vnderstande that they had bin heauily threatned for the time of his absence and otherwise than they should haue bin if he had bin in this land Wherfore hee was right euill contented and especially of the said forcing of the Tower set vpon them in manner of a chast villayne consideryng the good equitie and truthe that they had alwayes kepte vnto the king offering them therevpon remedy if they woulde 3 Item that after this Richard Scot lieuetenaunt of the Tower by the commaundement of my saide Lorde of Gloucester broughte vnto him Frier Randolphe the whiche he had long before confessed treason done by hym againste the Kings person that deade is for the whiche knowledge he was put to bee kept in the sayde Tower and straightly commaunded vnder greate paine giuen vnto the said Scot to kepe him straightly and surely and not to lette him out of the saide Tower wythout commaundement of the Kyng by the aduise of his counsell The whiche Frier Randolphe my saide Lord of Gloucester kept then with himself not witting to the saide Scot as he declared vnto my sayde Lorde of Winchester soone after that he had broughte the saide Frier Randolph vnto my Lorde of Gloucester saying vnto my Lorde of Winchester that he was vndone but hee helped hym and expressed as for cause of the withhoulding of Frier Randolphe And saying moreouer that when hee desired of my saide Lorde of Gloucester Fryer Randolph the deliueraunce of the saide Frier Randolphe to leade him againe vnto the Tower or sufficient warrant for hys dischardge my saide Lorde of Gloucester aunswered him that his commaūdement was sufficient warrant and discharge for hym In the whiche thing abouesaid it was thought to my lord of Winchester that my said lord of Gloucester tooke vpon hym further than his auctoritie stretched vnto and caused him to doubt and dreade leaste that he would haue proceeded further And at suche time as the saide Wooduile came vnto hym to aske his aduise counsell of lodging my said L. of Gloucester in y e Tower he aduised and charged him that before he suffred my saide lord of Gloucester or any person lodge therein stronger than himselfe he shoulde puruey him a sufficiēt warrant therof of the K. by the aduise of his counsell 4 Item as to the said article of the foresaide causes of heauinesse my said lord chauncellour answereth that hee neuer purposed to set hande on the kings persō nor to remoue him or that he shoulde be remoued or put in any manner of gouernaūce but by the aduise of the kings coūsell For hee coulde not perceyue any manner of goodnes or of aduātage y e might haue growne to him therof but rather great perill charge and herof my saide lord of Winchester is ready to make proofe in time and place conueniēt 5 Item as to the .iij. article of the foresaid causes and heauines my saide lorde Chauncelor answereth y t he was ofte diuers times warned by diuers credible persōs aswell at the time of the kings last parliamēt holdē at Westminster as before sith y t my said L. of Gloucester purposed him bodily harm was warned ther of and counselled by the said persons
Kyng at length was deposed and his sonne slayn and his Queene sent home agayne with as muche myserie and sorrowe as she was receyued with pompe and triumph such is the instabilitie of worldly felicitie and so wauering is false flattering fortune This yere after the deceasse of Henry Chicheley Archbishop of Canterbury succeeded Iohn Stafford in gouernment of that sea being translated from Bathe and Welles He was the .lxj. Archbishop as Polydore noteth During the tyme of the truce Richard duke of Yorke and dyuers other capitaines repaired into Englande both to visite their wyues children and frendes and also to consult what shuld be done if the truce ended For the whiche cause a Parliament was called An. reg 24. in the which it was especially cōcluded that by good foresight Normandie mighte be so furnished for defence before the ende of the Truce 1446 that the Frenche king should take no aduantage through wante of tymely prouision for it was knowne that if a peace were not concluded the Frenche kyng did prepare to imploye his whole puissance to make open warre Herevppon money was graunted The Duke of Somerset made Regent of Normadie an armye leuyed and the Duke of Somerset appoynted to be Regent of Normandie and the Duke of Yorke therof discharged I haue seene in a Register booke belongyng somtime to the Abbey of S. Albons that the D. of Yorke was established Regent of France after the decease of the duke of Bedford to continue in that office for the terme of .v. yeres which being expired he returned home and was ioyfully receiued of the king with thanks for his good seruice as he had full well deserued in tyme of that his gouernement and further that now when a newe Regent was to be chosen sent ouer to abide vpon safegard of the countreys beyond the seas as yet subiect to the English dominion the said duke of Yorke was estsoones as a man most mete to supplie that roomth appointed to go ouer again as Regent of Fraunce with all his former allowances But the Duke of Somersette still maligning the Duke of Yorkes aduauncement as hee had soughte to hinder his dispatche at the firste when he was sent ouer to be regent as before ye haue heard he likewyse nowe wrought so that the king reuoked his graunt made to the duke of Yorke for enioying of that office the terme of other fiue yeares and with helpe of Williā Marques of Suffolke obteyned that graunt for him selfe Whiche malicious dealing the Duke of Yorke mighte so euill heare that in the ende the heate of displeasure burst out into suche a flame as consumed at length not only bothe those two noble personages but also many thousandes of others though in dyuers tymes seasons as in places hereafter as occasion serueth it shal more euidently appeare But nowe to returne to the Parliament The Marques of Suffolke supposing that all men had as well lyked his doinges duryng the tyme of hys Legation in Fraunce as the same pleased himselfe The Marques of Suffolkes requestes the seconde daye of Iune in the fyrst Session of this Parliamente before all the Lordes bothe Spirituall and Temporall in the hygher house assembled openly eloquently and boldly declared his payne trauaile and diligence susteyned in his sayde Legation as well for the takyng and concluding an abstinence of warre as in the making of the marriage opening also to them that the sayd truce expired the firste of Aprill next comming except a small peace or a farther truce were concluded in the meane season and therfore he aduised them to prouide and forsee things necessarie for the warre as though no concorde shoulde succede least happly the Frenchemen perceyuing them vnprouided wold take theyr aduantage and agree neyther to peace nor amitie saying vnto them that syth hee hadde admonyshed the Kyng and them accordyng to hys duetie if anye thyng happened otherwyse than well hee was therof innocente and guyltlesse and hadde acquyted hymselfe like a true and louyng subiecte and a faythfull counsayloure praying the Lordes to haue it in remembraunce Lykewyse on the morrowe after he descended into the common house accompanyed with certain Lordes and there declared the same matter to the Knyghtes Citizens and Burgeses praying the Commons for hys discharge that as well all hys dooyngs and proceedyngs in the Kyngs affaires beyonde the sea as also his aduertisemente and counsell opened to the Lords and Commons nowe together assembled might bee by the Kyng and them enacted and enrolled in the Recordes of the Parliament Wherevppon the morrow after the Speaker William Burleye and the company of the lower house repayred vnto the Kyngs presence then syttyng amongst the Lordes of the vpper house and there humblye required that the request of the Marques myght be graunted and so likewise the Lords made the like petition kneling on their knees in so muche that the Kyng condescended to their desires and so the labors demeanors diligences and declarations of the sayde Marques together wyth the desyres not only of the Lordes but also of the commons as wel for the honor of him and his posteritie as for his acquitall discharge were enacted enrolled in the records of the Parliament By y e Quenes meanes shortly after also was the said Marques aduaunced so in authoritie that hee ruled the Kyng at his pleasure and to his hyghe preferment obteyned the wardships both of the bodye and landes of the Countesse of Warwike and of the Ladie Margaret sole heire to Iohn Duke of Somerset whiche Ladie was after mother to King Henry the seuenth and beside that caused the kyng to create Iohn de Foys sonne to Gaston de Foys Earle of Longvile and the Captaw de Bueff Earle of Kendall whiche Iohn had maryed his neece and by his procurement the king elected to the order of the garter the sayde Gaston and Iohn his sonne giuyng to the sonne towards the mayntenaunce of hys degree landes and castelles amounting to the summe of one thousande poundes whiche landes name and style the issue and lyne of the sayde Earle of Kendale at this daye haue and enioye These things being thus in doing the French king seeyng that the Towne of Mans was not deliuered accordyng to the appoyntement taken by force of the mariage raysed an armie for to recouer the same Wherof the king of England beeing aduertised least the breache of the truce should come by him caused the towne to be deliuered without any force A commotion in Norvviche This yeare was a great commotion in Norwiche agaynst the Prior of the place At length the Citizens opened the gates to the Duke of Norffolke whiche came thyther to appease the matter though at the fyrst they woulde not suffer hym to enter The chiefe offenders were accordyng to their demerites The liberties of Norvviche seased into the kings handes greuously punished and executed and the Mayre was discharged of hys office Sir Iohn Clyfton
meanes misse him let hym vnderstand that we will rather dye in the fielde than now to returne without our hoped pray The King aduertised of this the aunswere and purposed intention more wilfull than reasonable chose rather to trie the hazard of battell than to deliuer the Duke of Somerset into the handes of his enimies whiche they perceyuyng straightway sounded the trumpet to battell or rather as Hall hath while king Henry sent forth his Ambassadors to treate of peace at the one end of y e towne the Erle of Warwike The first battaile at Sainte Albons VVhethāsted with his Marchmen entred at the other end fiercely setting on y e kings foreward within a small tyme discomfited the same The place where they first brake into y e towne was about the middle of S. Peters streete The fight for a time was ryghte sharp cruell for y e D. of Somerset w t the other lords cōming to y e succours of their companiōs that were put to y e worse did what they could to boate backe y e enimies but the D. of Yorke Hall sent euer fresh men to succour the weerie to supplye the places of them that were hurt by which policie the Kings army was finally brought to cōfusion and all the chiefetaines of the fielde slaine and beaten downe for there dyed vnder y e signe of the Castell Edmond Duke of Sommerset who as hath bin reported was warned long before to auoyde all Castels and beside hym laye Henry the seconde of that name Earle of Northumberland Thomas Lord Cliffords hath Whethamsted Humfrey Erle of Stafford sonne to the Duke of Buckingham Iohn Lord Clifford Sir Barthram Antwisell Knight a Norman borne who forsaking his natiue Countrey to continue in his loyal obedience to King Henrie came ouer to dwell heere in Englande when Normandie was lost William Zouche Iohn Boutreux Raufe Bapthorp with his sonne W. Corwyn W. Cotton Gilbert Faldinger Raynold Griffon Iohn Dawes Elice Wood Io. Eithe Ra. Woodwarde Gilbert Skarlock and Rafe Willoughby Esquiers with manye other in all to the number of .viij. thousande as Edwarde Hall sayth in his Chronicle if there escaped not a fault in the Impression as .8000 for .800 sith hundreds in very deede would better agree with the number of the Kings whole power whiche he brought with him to that battell beeyng not many aboue two thousande as by writers it appeareth Humfrey Duke of Buckingham being woūded and Iames Butler Earle of Ormond and Wilshire and Thomas Thorp Lord chief Baron of the Eschequer seeing fortune thus to bee against them left the King post alone and with a great number fledde away Those that thus fledde made the best shifte they coulde to get away through gardens and backesides through shrubbes hedges woddes seeking places where to hide themselues til that daungerous tempest of the battell were ouerblowen The kinges part vanquished Diuers of the Kings house also that coulde better skill to play the Courtiers than warriors fledde with the first and those of the East partes of the Realme were likewise noted of too much lacke of courage for their speedie withdrawing themselues and leauing the King in danger of his aduersaries who perceyuing hys men thus fledde from him withdrewe into a poore mans house to saue himselfe from the shot of arrowes that flewe about his eares as thicke as snowe falling from the skye The Duke of Yorke aduertised of the place into the whiche the King was withdrawen hasted thither with all speede and comforted hym in the best wise he could assuring him that now that the common enimie of the Realme was dispatched to witte the Duke of Sommerset he had cause rather to reioyce than to bee sorie sith his destruction was the Kings preseruation and for himselfe and all his adherents he vndertooke that they were and would remayne duryng life his most faithfull liege people ready in al points to serue hym as his trustie and obediente subiectes After he hadde vsed suche words to him as he thought best to comforte him with he broughte him forth of that simple house into the which he was crept withe all due reuerence shewed towarde hym fyrste to the Shrine and after to his chamber Whilest the Duke of Yorke was about thus to comfort the King the Souldiers that had the victorie nowe in their hands applyed the spoyle namely the Northerne men stripping not only those that had borne armour against them but also the Townesmen and other with whome they might meete so that it was thoughte if the King had taken vp his lodging at his first comming thither within the Abbey as hee did not but in the middes of the Towne to prouide the better to resist his enimies the Abbey had beene spoyled also This was the ende of the firste battell at S. Albons whiche was foughte on a Thurseday next before the feast of Penthecost being y e three and twentith daye of May in thys three thirtith yeare of the kings raigne The bodies of the noble men were buried in the monasterie in our Ladies Chappell and the meane people in other places This Edmond Duke of Sommerset left behinde him three sonnes Henrye Edmonde Foure of th◅ to wit the D◅ of Somerset the earle of Northumberland the ◅ Clifford wo◅ buried in o◅ Ladies chapel VVethamst◅ and Iohn which to the extremitie of death tooke part with the line of King Henry The Duke of Yorke hauing got this victorie remembred well that hee hadde published abroade howe the onely cause of this warre was for the aduancemente of the common wealthe and therefore vsing al courtesie would not touch the Kings person after anye violente sorte but with all honor and due reuerence conueyed him to London and so to Westminster to whiche place was summoned a Parliamente A parliament whyche began the ninth daye of Iuly in the whiche sessiō the late Duke of Gloucester was openly declared a true subiect both to the King and to the Realme Beside this it was enacted that no person shoulde either iudge or report any poynt of vntroth of the Duke of Yorke the Earles of Salisburie and Warwike or of anye Knighte Esquier archer or other for comming in warlike aray against the King at Saint Albons considering theyr enterprice was only to see y e kings person in safegard But all the blame was put vpon the Duke of Sommerset Thomas Thorp VVetham◅ Collaterall A letter kep◅ from the king of purpose Baron of the Eschequer Wil. Iosep Esquier y e kings collateral companion bicause that they vpō a malitious purpose kept a certain letter from y e kyngs knowledge and would in no wise suffer it to be deliuered vnto him notwithstāding y e same made to the aduancement of some good assured peace if it had beene throughly and aduisedly read weyed and considered in which letter they declared that as faythfull and humble subiectes they requyred onely that it would please
and twentie years one Monethe and eyght dayes died at Westminster the ninth day of Aprill the yeare of our redemption a thousande foure hundreth foure score and three leauyng muche fayre issue that is to witte Edwarde the Prince a thirteene yeare of age Richarde Duke of Yorke twoo yeare yonger Elizabeth whose fortune and grace was after to bee Queene wyfe vnto Kyng Henry the seuenth and mother vnto the eyght Cicelie not so fortunate as faire Briget whyche representyng the vertue of hyr whose name shee bare professed and obserued a religious life in Dertforde an house of close Nunnes Anne that was after honourablye married vnto Thomas then Lorde Hawarde and after Earle of Surrey And Katherine which long time tossed in either fortune somtime in wealth ofte in aduersitie at the laste if this be the laste for yet shee liuethe is by the benignitye of hir Nephewe King Henry the eyghte in very prosperous estate and worthy hir birthe and vertue This noble Prince deceassed at his Palaice of Westminster and wyth greate funerall honour and heauinesse of his people from thence conueyed The loue of the people was enterred at Windsor A King of such gouernaunce and behauiour in time of peace for in warre eche parte muste needes bee others enimye that there was neuer any Prince of this lande attainyng the Crowne by battaile so hartelye beeleued wyth the â—…staunce of the people nor he hymselfe so speciallye in anye parte of hys life as at the time of hys deathe Whiche fauour and affection yet after hys deceasse by the crueltie mischiefe and trouble of the tempestuous worlde that followed highelye towarde him more increased At suche tyme as he died the displeasure of those that bare hym grudge for Kyng Henryes sake the sixte whome he deposed was well â—…ged and in effect quenched in that that many of them were deade in more than twentye yeares of hys raigne a greate parte of a long life And many of them in the meane season growen into his fauour of whiche he was neuer strange He was a goodlye personage Description of Edvvarde the fourthe and Princely to beholde of harte couragious pollitique in counsell in aduersitie nothyng abashed in prosperitie rather ioyfull than proud in peace iuste and mercifull in warre sharpe and fierce in the fielde bolde and hardye and nathelesse no further than wisedome woulde aduenturous whose warres who so wel consider hee shall no lesse commende hys wisedome where hee voyded than his manhoode where he vanquished Hee was of visage lonelye of body mightye strong and cleane made Howbeit in his latter dayes wyth ouer liberall dyer somewhat corpulent and boorely and â—…atheles not vncomely hee was of youth greately giuen to fleshely wantonnesse from which health of body in great prosperity and fortune without a speciall grace hardely refraineth Thys faulte not greately greeued the people for neyther coulde anye one mans pleasure stretche and extende to the displeasure of verye manye and was wythout violence and ouer that in hys latter dayes lessed and well lefte In whiche time of his latter dayes this Realme was in quiet and prosperous estate no feare of outwarde enemyes no warre in hand nor none towarde but suche as no man looked for the people towarde the Prince not in a constrained feare but in a willyng and louyng obedience among themselues the commons in good peace The Lordes whome hee knewe at variaunce hymselfe in his deathe bed appeased hee hadde lefte all gathering of money whiche is the onely thing that withdraweth the hartes of Englishemen fro the Prince nor any thing intended he to take in hande by whyche hee shoulde bee driuen thereto for hys tribute 〈…〉 〈◊〉 of Fraunce hee hadde before obteyne do And the yeare foregoing his deathe 〈◊〉 hadde obteyned Warwicke And albeit that 〈◊〉 the time of his raigne hee was wyth his people so beâ—…igne coueâ—…ous and so families that no part of his vertues 〈◊〉 more esâ—…emen yet y t condition in the ende of his dayes in whyche many Princes by along continued 〈…〉 â—…tie â—…like 〈…〉 proud â—…porâ—… from â—…boâ—…ain bâ—…â—…r 〈◊〉 their beginnyng warde 〈◊〉 flye in hym grewe and increased so farre forth that in 〈◊〉 the â—…e that 〈◊〉 sawe hys hâ—…m 〈◊〉 being at Wiâ—…â—…unting thee for the Mâ—…or and Aldermâ—… of London to hym for none 〈◊〉 errande and to 〈◊〉 them hâ—…band and heâ—… mâ—…rye with hym where hee made them not so â—…ly but so friendely and so familiar cheare and fence veâ—…son from thence so freely into the Citie that no â—…ng in many dayes before gaâ—… hym eyther mâ—… heartes or more heartye fauour amongest the common people whiche oftentimes more esteeme and take for greater kindnes a little courtesie than a greate benefite So deceassed as I haue sayde this noble King in that time in whiche his life was moste desired Whose loue of hys people and their entire affection towarde him â–ª hadde bene to hys noâ—… children haâ—…ng in themselues also as manye gifts of nature 〈◊〉 many Princely vertues asmuche goodlye towardnesse at their age coulde receyue a 〈◊〉 â—…lloâ—… fortresse and fate armour if diuision dissention of their friendes had not vnarmed them and lesse them destitute and the execrable desire of souerainty prouoked hym to their destruction whiche if eyther kinde of kindnesse hadde houlden place muste needes haue bene their chiefe defence For Richarde the Duke of Gloucester by nature their vncle by office their protectour to their father beâ—… to themselfe by othe and allegiaunce boâ—…nden all the bandes broken that bindeâ—… maâ—… and man togyther wythout anye respecte of God or the worlde vnnaturally contriued to berene them not only their dignitie but also their liues But for asmuche as this Dukes demeanor ministreth in effect all the whole matter whereof this booke shall intreate it is therefore conuenient somewhat to shewe you ere wee farther goe what manner of man thys was that coulde finde in his harte so muche mischiefe to conceiue Richarde Duke of Yorke Richarde duke of Yorke a noble man and a mightie beganne not by warre but by lawe to chalendge the Crowne puttyng hys claime into the Parliament where his cause was eyther for righte or fauour so farre forthe auaunced that King Henry his bloude albeit he has a goodly Prince vtterly reiected the Crowne was by aucthoritie of parliament entailed vnto the Duke of Yorke and his issue male in remainder immediatly after the deathe of Kyng Henry But the Duke not induryng so long to carry but entendyng vnder pretexte of dissention and debate arising in the Realme to preuent his time and to take vppon hym the rule in Kyng Henry his life was with many nobles of the Realme at Wakefielde slaine leauing three sonnes Edwarde George and Richard All three as they were greate states of birth so were they great and stately of stomack greedy and ambitious of auctoritie Edvvarde and impatient of partners Edwarde reuenging his fathers deathe depriued Kyng Henry
Chandew of Britain his especial frend he made erle of Bath Sir Giles Daubency was made lord Daubeney sir Robert Willoughby was made L. Brooke And Edward Stafforde eldest sonne to Henrye late Duke of Buckingham he restored to his name dignitie and possessions which by king Richard were confiscate and attainted Beside this in this parliament was this notable acte assented to and concluded as followeth To the pleasure of Almightye God wealth prosperitie and suretie of this Realme of England and to the singular comfort of all the kinges subiectes of the same in auoyding all ambiguitie and questions An acte for the establishing of the Crovvne Be it ordeined established and enacted by this present parliament that the inheritance of the crowne of this realme of England and also of Fraunce with all the preeminēce and dignitie royal to the same apertaining and all other seigniories to the king belongyng beyond the sea w t the appurtenāces therto in any wise due or apertaining shal rest remain abide in the most royal person of our nowe soueraigne lord K. Henry the seuēth and in the heires of his body laufully coming perpetually with y e grace of god so to endure in none other And beside this act al atteynders of this K. enacted by king Edward and Kyng Richard were adnichilate and the recorde of the same adiudged to be defaced and all persones attented for his cause and occasion were restored to their goods landes and possessions Diuers acts also made in this time of king Edward and king Richard were reuoked and other adiudged more expedient for the cōmon wealthe were put in their places and concluded After the dissolution of this parliament the king remembring his frends left in hostage beyonde the seas that is to wit the Marques Dorset and sir Io. Bourchier he with all conueniēt spede redemed them sente also into Flanders for Iohn Morton Bishop of Ely These actes performed he chose to bee of his counsayle a conuenient number of right graue and wyse counsellours Although by this meanes al things seemed to be brought in good and perfect order yet ther lacked a wrest to the harpe to set all the strings in a monacorde and perfecte tune which was the matrimonie to be finished betwene the king and the Lady Elizabeth daughter to king Edward which like a good Prince according to his othe promise King Henrye the seuenthe taketh to vvife Elizabeth eldeste daughter of Edvvard the fourthe 1486 did both solemnise cosummate shortely after that is to saye on the .xviij. day of Ianuarie by reason of whych mariage peace was thought to descende out of heauen into Englād considering that the lynes of Lancaster Yorke were now brought into one knot and connexed togither of whose two bodies one heire myghte succeede to rule and enioye the whole monarchie and realme of Englande Shortly after for the better preseruation of his royall person he constituted and ordeyned a certaine number as well of good Archers as of dyuers other persons hardie strong and actiue to giue dayly attendance on his persone whome he named yeomen of his garde Yeomen of the garde firste brought in which president men thought that he lerned of the French king when he was in France For it is not remembred that any Kyng of Englande before that daye vsed any such furniture of dayly souldiours In the same yeare a newe kynde of sicknesse inuaded sodeynly the people of this lande Another parliament the same yeare passing thorough the same from the one ende to the other It began about the .xxj. of September and continued till the latter end of October beyng so sharpe and deadly that the lyke was neuer hearde of to any mannes remembrance before that tyme. For sodeynely a deadely burnyng sweate so assayled theyr bodies The svveating sickenesse and distempered their bloud wyth a moste ardent heat that scarse one amongst an hundred that sickned did escape with life for all in maner as soone as the sweat tooke them or within a short tyme after yelded vp the ghost besyde the great number which deceassed within the citie of London two Mayres successiuely died within viij days .vj. Aldermē At length by the diligent obseruatiō of those that escaped whiche marking what things had done thē good holpen to their deliuerance vsed the lyke agayne when they fell into the same disease A remedye for ◅e svveating ◅sse the second or thirde tyme as to dyuers it chaunced a remedie was founde for that mortall maladie which was this If a man on the daye tyme were taken with the sweate then should he streight lye downe withal his clothes and garments and continue in hys sweat .xxiiij. houres after so moderate a sort as might bee If in the nyghte hee chaunced to be taken then shoulde he not ryse out of his bedde for the space of .xxiiij. houres so castyng the cloathes that he myght in no wyse prouoke the sweate but so lye temperately that the water mighte distyll out softly of the owne accord and to abstein from all meat if he might so long suffer hunger to take no more drinke neyther hot nor colde thā wold moderatly quench assuage his thirstie appetite And thus with lukewarme drinke temperate heate and measurable clothes manye escaped fewe whiche vsed this order after it was founde out dyed of that sweat Mary one point diligētly aboue all other in this cure is to be obserued that he neuer put out his hande or feete out of the bed to refreshe or coole himself which to do is no lesse ieopardie than short and present death Thus this disease comming in the first yeare of king Henries reigne was iudged of some to be a token and signe of a troublous reigne of the same king as the profe partly afterwardes shewed it selfe The king standing in neede of money to discharge suche debtes and to maynteyn such port as was behouefull sente the Lorde Treasourer with Maister Reignold Bray and others vnto the Lord Mayre of London requiryng of the Citie a prest of sixe thousand markes Whervpon the sayd Lord Mayre and his brethren with the Commons of the Citie graunted a preast of two thousande poundes whiche was leuyed of the companies and not of the wardes and in the yeare next ensuyng it was well and truly agayne repayde euery penny to the good contentation and satisfying of them that disbursed it The king considering that the suretie of his royall estate and defence of the realme consisted chiefly in good lawes and ordinaunces to bee hadde and obserued among his people summoned eftsoones his highe courte of Parliamente therein to deuise and establishe some profitable actes and statutes for the wealth and commoditie of his people and then after hauyng sette thinges in quiet about London hee tooke his iorney into the North partes there to purge all the dregges of malicious treason that myghte rest in the heartes of vnquiet persons and namely
the same season suche sore weather stormes and rigorous windes continuing for the more part at North and Northwest that the King stayed at Calais for a conuenient winde The king re◅eth into Englande till Tewsday the thirtenth of Nouember at midnight and then taking his Ship landed at Douer the nexte daye aboute fiue of the clocke in the morning He marrieth the Lady Anne Bulleigne And herewith vpon his returne hee married priuily the Lady Anne Bulleigne the same day being the fouretenth of Nouember and the feast day of Saint Erkenwald which marriage was kept so secrete that very few knewe it till Easter next ensuing whē it was perceiued that she was with childe When the King should passe ouer the sea he considered that the Scottes woulde happely attempt somewhat to the preiudice of his subiectes in his absence which sticked not he being within the Realme to robbe both by sea and land wherfore to resist their malice he appointed sir Arthur Darcy with three hundred mē to goe vnto Berwike to defend the borders from inuasions of the Scottes the whiche shortly after by the middle marches entred the Realme and came to a place called Fowbery and fyering certaine villages in their way returned The Earle of Angus as then was at Berwike as a banished man and the saide Sir Arthur determined to reuenge this displeasure and therevpon with four hundred men made a roade into Scotland and set a village on fire Then immediately assembled togither eight hundred Scottes and began to approch neere to the English menne who perceyuing them caused their Trumpette to blowe the retreat and the Earle and twentie with him shewed hym selfe on an hyll euen in the face of the Scottes and the Trumpette blewe at theyr backes so that the Scottes thought that there hadde bin two companyes whyche caused the Scottes to flee Scots discomfited by the Englishemen and the Englishmenne followed and slewe a greate number of them and tooke many of them prisoners 1533 Sir Thomas Audley Lord Chancellor After Christmas Sir Thomas Audeley Lord keeper of the greate seale was made hygh Chancelloure of England And when the Parliamente began bycause the office of the speaker was voyde Humfrey Wingfielde of Greis Inne was chosen speaker In this Parliamente was an acte made that no person shoulde appeale for anye cause out of this Realme to the Courte of Rome but from the commissarie to the Byshop and from the Byshoppe to the Archebyshoppe and from the Archbyshoppe to the Kyng and all causes of the King to bee tryed in the vpper house of the conuocation It was also enacted the same tyme Queene Katherine to be named Princesse Dowager that Queene Katherine shoulde no more bee called Queene but Princes Dowager as the widow of Prince Arthur In the season of the last Sommer dyed William Warham Archebyshoppe of Caunterburie and then was named to that sea Thomas Cranmer the Kings Chaplayne a man of good learning and of a vertuous life whiche lately before hadde bin Ambassador from the King to the Pope After that the King perceyued his newe wife to be with childe he caused all officers necessary to be appointed to hir Queene Anne and so on Easter euen she went to hir closet openly as Queene and then the King appoynted the day of hir coronation to be kept on Whitsonday nexte following writings were sente to all Sheriffes to certifie the names of men of fortie pound to receiue the order of knighthood or else to make fine The assisement of the fine was appointed to Thomas Cromwell maister of the kings iewel house and counsellor to the Kyng and newly receiued into hygh fauour He so vsed the matter that a great summe of money was reysed to the Kings vse by those fynes The matter of the Queenes appeale wherevnto she still sticked and by no meanes could be remoued from it was communed of both in the Parliamente house and also in the conuocation house where it was so handled that many were of opinion that not only hir appeale but also all other appeales made to Rome were voyde and of none effect for that in auncient counselles it had bin determined that a cause rising in one prouince should be determined in the same An. reg 25. This matter was opened with all the circumstance to the Lady Katherin Dowager for so was she then called the which persisted still in hir former opinion and woulde reuoke by no meanes hir appeale to y e Couet of Rome wherevpon the Archbyshop of Caunterbury accompanyed with the Byshops of London Winchester Bathe Lincolne and diuers other learned men in great number rode to Dunstable which is sixe mile from Ampthill where the Princes Dowager lay and there by one Doctor Lee she was ascited to appeare before the sayde Archbyshop in cause of Matrimony in the sayde towne of Dunstable and at the day of appearance shee appeared not The Lady Katherine Dowager called peremptoryly but made default and so shee was called peremptorie euery daye fifteene dayes togither and at the last for lacke of appearance by the assent of all the learned men there present she was diuorsed from the King and the mariage declared to be voyde and of none effect Of this diuorse and of the Kinges mariage with the Lady Anne Bulleine menne spake dyuersly some sayd the King had done wisely and so as became him to doe in discharge of his conscience Other otherwise iudged and spake theyr fansies as they thoughte good but when euerye man had talked ynough then were they quiet and all rested in good peace In May Pope Clemente sente an orator to the King requiring hym to appeare personally at the generall counsell which he had appoynted to be kept the yere following but when his commission was shewed at the earnest request of the King there was neyther place nor time specified for the keeping of that councell and so with an vncertayne aunswere to an vncertaine demaund he departed but not vnrewarded The King vnderstanding that the Pope the Emperour and the Frenche King should meete at Nice in Iune following Ambassadors to the Frenche King hee appoynted the Duke of Norffolke the Lord Rochfoat brother to Queene Anne sir William Paulet Comptroller of his house Sir Anthony Browne and sir Francis Brian Knightes to goe in ambassade to the French King and both to accompany him to Nice and also to commune with the Pope there concerning his stay in the kyngs diuorse These worthy personages made their prouision readye and so with the number of eyghte score horses they wente to Douer and passing ouer to Calais tooke their way through France to accomplishe their ambassage as they hadde in commaundement The .29 of May being Thurseday Queene Anne was conueyed by water frō Greenewiche to the Tower with all honor that might be deuised and there of the King she was receyued and so lodged there till Saturday on the which daye were made
his exploytes in the Holy land atchieued maketh peace with the Sarasins and departeth homewarde 506.22 the dangers wherin he was vpō the way in Istria 506.30 is taken prisoner at Vienna 506.56 kept prisoner closely in colde yrons 506.97 cleered of the death of the Marques of Mountferate 507.21 deliuered prisoner to the Emperour Henry the sixt 508.17 put to his ransome by the Emperor 511.81 hath landes assigned vnto him by the Emperour 512.1 is released out of captiuitie 514.22 and. 81. confirmeth pensions to certaine primes of the Empyre 515.16 arriueth at Sādwich is receyued with procession 515.53 is crowned eftsoones at Westminster 519.1 passeth ouersea entreth into Fraunce with an army 520.70 Riddle Geffrey drowned 357 111. Riuers Richard trauaileth with kyng Henry the first to resigne his right to the inuesture of Bishops 343.7 Richard Archbishop of Cantorbury returnyng from Rome dyeth by the way 637.22 Richard the first bestoweth his three daughters 541.16 Pride to the Templers and Hospitallers 541.17 Couetousnesse to the White Monkes 541.19 Lecherie to the Prelates of the church 541.22 Richar castle belōgyng to Hugh Mortimer 771.13 Riuallon dyeth and is buryed at Yorke 21.62 Richard the first setteth forth on his voiage 485.28 receiueth the staffe and Scrippe 485.30 reproueth the Court of Rome of Couetousnes 485.70 ariueth at Messina 486 76. confesseth his filthy forepassed lyfe and becommeth a new man 490.21 his fleet toward the holy land 491.58 Richard Molineux knight pa. 1295. co 1. lin 58. Richard Wooduile Lorde Riuers 1298. co 1. lin 3. taken lin 17. Earle Riuers and high Constable of England 1316. co 2. lin 26. Richard earle of Chester in his minoritie 343.67 Richard Percie 1292. co 2. lin 20. Richard Bingham Iustice 1292. co 2. lin 27. Richard Earle of Cornwal goeth into the holy land 758.1 marieth the Lady Sanctia 705.64 Rise ap Griffin rebelling against king Henry the second submytteth hym selfe and is pardoned 460.43 Eustace de Ribamōt fighteth with the king 944.50 b. is taken prisoner 945.2 a. Rithwal king of Wales 297.26 Richard Earle of Auranges 323.29 Riuallon sonne to Cunidagius beginneth to raigne ouer Britaine 21.48 Richard the first why called Cueur de Lyon 540.84 Richard Prior of Ely absolued and restored 346.95 Richard kyng of Almaine his valiancie and issue 781.95 Riches William 554.71 Richard Duke of Normandie marieth Hestricha sister to K. Cnute 259.55 Richard the third duke of Normandie marieth Estric sister to king Cnute of England 289.22 Richard Archdeacon of Poyctiers accursed by Archbish Thomas Becket 409.61 Rise brought to his death by meanes of Harold 277.81 Richmond house buylt 1454.20 Richard primate of Ardemach dyeth 968.35 a Rippeley George 1462.3 Riolle besieged and wonne by the Earle of Derbie 927.33 b. Rise kyng of the Welchmen slayne 324.38 Rise the last king of the Welchmen 324.41 Rieule a borough in Normandy burnt 385.49 Richard Tunstal 1315. co 1. lin 8. Richard Griffith 1414. co 1. lin 40. Rial besieged by the Earle of Aniou 874.24 b Richard the second maried pa. 1129. co 2. lin 54. brought to the Towre of London pa. 1130. co 1. lin 19. buryed at Langley lin 28 Richelinus sonne to Cinegiseus king of Westsaxons 155 58. Ryuers Baldwin Earle of the Isle of Wight 656.26 A Riot vppon the Easterlings 1443.20 Richard the first sonne to kyng Henry the second begynneth his raigne ouer Englande 474.4 receyued and proclaymed Duke of Normandie 474.15 crowned at Westminster 475.92 Rigmanus Philesius cited 5.42 Rippon Abbey burnt 229.63 Rime against Englishmē 890 42. b. Richard the first highly offended withe the Monkes of Cantorburie 537.35 Richard Neuile earle of Warwicke 1311. co 1. lin 1 Rise ap Griffin king of Wales dyeth 534.42 Reiualle abbey foūded 394.27 Richard Earle of Cornwal sent into Fraūce with a great nauie of ships 627.2 Rigsig or Risige succedeth Ecgbert in the kingdome of Northumberland 219.25 Rigsig departeth this life 219.33 Ridel Geffrey Archdeacon of Canterbury made Bishop of Ely 58. Richard Earle of Cambridge Henry Scrope and L. Wre◅ conspyre agaynst Henry the fift 1172. co 2. lin 39. executed 1173. co 1. lin 35 Richmond castle builded 301.66 Rise and Griffin Princes of Wales subdued 270.45 Rippingdō in Mercia 212.16 Richard Clifford Lord Priuie seale 1119. co 1. lin 41 Richard William Doctor of diuinitie 1443.40 Richard the elect of Cantorburie doeth homage and sweareth fealtie to king Henry the second 424.75 Richard the elect of Canterburie his consecration disturbed by Henry sonne to King Henrye the second 425.34 Richard the elect of Cantorburie traueileth to the Court of Rome in his owne cause 425.71 Richard sonne to King Henrye the second taketh part with his brother Henry against his father 426.67 Rice ap Thomas knight at blackheath fielde 1447.3 Rise ap Griffin Prince of south Wales sweareth fealtie to King Henry the second 449.73 Rimemede where King Iohn agreed with his Barons 590.107 Riche Richard knight created Lord Riche 1614.24 Robert Earle of Richemont dyeth 919.5 a. Richard the elect of Cantorburie consecrated by the Pope 433.14 Richard Earle of Gloucester deceasseth 440.18 Richer de Aquila 390.78 Richard the first maketh prouision to go into the Holye land 478.31 Richard King of Almaine becommeth vtter enemie to the Barons 766.13 taken prisoner by the Barons 769 4. dyeth at Berkhamsted 781.93 Richard the first dyeth of a wounde 540.68 forgeueth him that wounded him 540.54 rewardeth him 540.56 geueth charge that he be not hurt but let him go 540.58 Richard Prior of Ely procureth the erection of the Byshops See there 349.99 Richard Byshop of London 350.65 Richard the first wounded in the shoulder at the siege of Chalus Cheuerel 539.103 maketh his last wyl and Testament 540.13 forgiueth and rewardeth his murdere◅ 540.52 Richard sonne to King Henry the seconde submitteth himselfe to his father and is pardoned 438.30 Richard Bourgh pa. 1328. co 2. lin 4. Richard Bewchamp sonne to Lord Bewchamp of Powike pag. 1337. col 1. lin 54. Richard Croftes Knight pag. 1◅39 col 2. lin 51. Richard Guifford Esquire pa. 1400. col 1. lin 49. col 2. lin 34. pag. 1401. col 2. lin 52. Rice ap Thomas pa. 1413. co 2. lin 13. lin 49. pag. 1414. col 1. lin 42. lin 56. col 2. lin 50. pa. 1415. co 2. li. 15. Robert Clyfford pag. 1328. co 2. lin 3. Richard lord Grey the Queens sonne pag. 1361. col 2. lin 47. beheaded at Pomfret pag. 1362. col 1. lin 36. Richard Duke of Gloucester his description pag. 1357. col 2. li. 35. tooke on him the gouernance of the yong king Edward the fift pag. 1362. co 1. lin 14. made Protector pag. 1363. col 2. lin 43. his Oration 1364. col 1. lin 12 vsurped the kingdome pag. 1384. col 2. lin 40. Richard Ratcliffe knight pag. 1376. col 2. lin 7. Richard the third vsurped the Crowne pag. 1386. col 1. lin 1. proclaymed kyng col 2. lin 9. maketh knightes of the Bathe pag. 1387.
sold for what will most be giuen 320.112 Spiritualtie fleeced both in England and Fraunce to mainteyne the warres 522.16 Spencer Edwarde Lorde dyeth 996.6 b Sporta daughter to Hubert Erle of Senlis maried to William Long espee 288.113 Soke of Kirkton in Lindsey confirmed too Mathew Erle of Bollongne 427.15 Sophronius putriarke of Ierusalem cited 53.27 Somerset George knight his prowes 1591.46 Southrey brought vnder subiection of the westsaxons 203.64 Souldiours arriue at Douer to ayde King Iohn 592.76 Sommerton besieged and wonne 189.56 Sorcerie pa. 1268. co 2. li. 6 Southwarke nighe London 271.105 Somerset shire wasted by the Danes 252.9 Southamton why so called 51.9 Spirituall persons not to meddle with temporall functions 340.55 Springs and Iron dishes appoynted for trauaylers 162.94 Spencer Hugh Earle of Gloucester executed 881 10. a. Spencer Lord created erle of Gloucester 1097.30 b Spencer Hugh father and sonne 852.8 a Sparcianus cited 78.9 Spiritualtie restrayned 717.3 Spaine inuaded by barbarous nations 98.62 Sparatinum taken by Brute and his power 11.50 Spot Thomas cited and what time he liued 293. 47. Spalding towne giuen too the sea of Lincolne 349. 98. Spiritualtie accused of all kinde of dissolutenesse 402.30 Spencer Hugh Lord chief Iustice of England 759. 35. he is discharged of his office 759.60 Spiritualitie mislyketh of Henrie the thirde for diuerse causes 747.8 Sparatinum a towne in Grece 11.28 Sparatinum besieged by Pandrasus 11.63 Spanish fleete vanquished by King Edwarde the thirde 945.30 b Spencers banishment reuoked 862.34 a. theyr iudgement reuersed by Parliament 868.50 b Spencer Iohn Knight made Lorde chiefe Iustice and keeper of the Tower 763.69 Stafford Edwarde Duke of Buckingham chiefe chalenger in the Iustes 1476.26 Stafforde Humfrey fleeth intoo the Sanctuarie at Colneham 20. taken oute from thence and executed ibid. Stafforde Thomas pardoned 1428.30 Stephen entreth into scotlande with an army burning and destroyng the south parts of the realm 368.47 Statutes of Eltham 1536 37. Straunge sightes in the ayre 632.32 Straungers preferred in office before Englishmen 642.44 Stormes and rage of windes stirred by the malice of witches and wicked spirites 119.68 Stafforde Humfrey and Stafford Thomas brothers depart out of the sanctuary at Colchester and made a rebellion in worcestershire 1427.12 Stafford Humfrey attainted 1425.48 Stafford Edward Duke of Buckingham his costly gowne all of goldsmithes worke 1465.15 is pardoned and released 1466.36 Stafforde Henrie Lorde brother too the Duke of Buckingham committed to the Tower 1464.18 Stafford Edwarde Duke of Buckingham offended with the enteruiew betweene the Englishe and French kings 170◅ 20. stou◅acketh and speaketh reprochfull wordes by the Cardinall 1508. ead 32. is endited of treason and his indirement 1501.33 is condemned and beheaded 1516.22 Stewarde Mathew Erle of Lennox goeth intoo scotlande 1846.18 Stafford Thomas taketh the Castell of Skarborough 1767.2 is taken prisoner executed ibid. Stanhop Michael knight committed to the tower 1709.30 is beheaded 1712.6 Stewarde Henrie Lorde Darley maryeth Mary the Queene of scottes 1835.20 is murthered 1837. Stanley Edward knight of the Garter and Earle of Darby dyeth 1864. 44. his commendations ibid. Stratforde Iohn made Archbishop of Canterburie 896.32 b. writeth to the king 913.40 a refuseth too come too the Court. 913.30 b. dieth 943.50 b. Sturton Lord hanged for murther 1766.20 Strangbow Richard erle of Struguile alias Chepstow sent for to be gouernour of the English men in Irelande 418.70 Strangbowe Rycharde through rebellion and riot forfeyteth his lands and runneth intoo debt 418.76 Strangbow Richarde taketh the sea and arryueth in Ireland 418.96 Strangbow Richard maried to the King of Irelandes daughter 419.13 Strangbow Richard confined the realme and his landes forfeyted too the king 419.19 Strangbow Richard pardoned restored and ordeyned high stewarde of Ireland 419.31 Stephen leadeth forth an army into the North against the scots 366.71 Stephen sicke of Litargy and recouereth 367.30 Stephen saileth into Normandie with a great armye agaynste Geffrey Plantagenet Earle of Aniou 367.96 Stephen maketh agreement with hys brother Theobald erle of Blois and with Geffray Plantagenet Earle of Aniou for yearly pēsiōs 367.111 Strabo cited 4.7 and. 47. 17. Storme of hayle verye straunge 735.73 Starres falling straungely from heauen 705.50 Stanley William knight beheaded 1444.4 Streaneshall nowe called whithy 179. ◅1 Streaneshall Monasterie buylded 17◅ 82 Statutes of westminster 1. fol 786.30 a Statutes of Gloucester fol. 788.27 b. Statute of Mortmaine 789.28 a. Statutes of westminster 2.795.2 b. Statute made by the scots in fauour of Englande 899.56 b. Statute of apparell 900. 16. b. Strawe Iacke executed 1032.46 b. Storie Iohn Doctor executed 1858.54 Strayte dealings with the welshmen causeth them to rebell 744.30 Stephen entreth into Lincolne with his crowne on his head 881.71 Stephen and all his dominions interdyted by Theobalde Archbishop of Canterburie 482.112 Stanhope parke 890.57 a Striuelin Castell builded 899.16 b. Statute agaynst transporting of wolles 900.40 b Storme of weather 966.44 a. Straw Iack alias Iohn Tiler captaine of rebels 1024.40 b. Statute of Premunire part repelled 1722.37 Stirpiney Castell burnt 385.39 Stephen leadeth an armye into Scotlande and wasteth the countrey 371.37 Stephen taken prisoner and kept at Bristow and his armie ouerthrowne 376.8 Stephen commaunded too bee kept loaden with Irons 377.37 Stephen exchaunged prisoner for Robert Erle of Gloucester 378.15 Stephen beginneth too incline his minde too peace 389.8 Stephen goeth too Douer to meete with the Earle of Flaunders 393.70 Stephen departeth thys life 393.78 Stephen stature and qualities 394.10 Stuffe and wightgar arriue at Certicestshore ouerthrow the Britains 130.44 Straunge sightes seene aboute the newe Moone 451.99 Strife amongest the English subiectes on the other side of the sea concerning king Iohn and Arthur of Britaine 542. 36. Straungers put out of office and Englishmen rereceyued againe 645.10 Straunge sightes seene in the North. 648 50 Stephen and Duke Fitzempresse fall to an agreement 387.77 and. 389.27 Stone Abbey buylded 277 31. Stamford towne taken by Henrie Fitzempresse 388.11 Stamford Castell besieged by Henrie Fitzempresse 388.13 Strowde men in Kent reprochfully cut off Archbishop Thomas Becket his horse tayle 415.56 Stuteuile William hath charge of Northumberland and Cumberlande 546.9 Straungers commaunded to depart out of the realm 395.57 Stephen Earle of Bullongne comming into Englande taketh vpon him the gouernment of the Realme 36◅ 8 Stigande succeedeth Robert in the Archbishoprike of Canterburie 274 53. Stigande an intruder of himselfe into Bishoprikes 274.54 Stigande infamed for simonie and vnlearned 274.61 Stafforde Edward Duke of Buckingham a prince of great towardlinesse leuyeth power agaynste Perkin Warbecke 1450. 10. Stephen Earle of Bloys marieth Adila sister too king Henry the first 354 112. Stephen Earle of Morton made Earle of Bollongne 360.22 Stephen Earle of Bollongne taketh an othe to be true subiect to Maud the Empresse 360.25 Staffordshire wasted by rebels 339.73 Stigande a lewde person and a naughtie liuer 291 85. Stanley Humfrey knight 1447.4 Stephen waxeth cruell towardes them that
can easily 〈…〉 This furthermore is to be noted â–ª that albeit the princes heretofore reigning in this lande 〈◊〉 â—…erected sundry courtes especially of the thâ—…â—…erie at Yorke and Luâ—… the case of poore men dwelling in 〈…〉 yet will the poorest of all 〈…〉 most contencious refuse to haue his cause hearde so néere home but indeuoureth rather 〈…〉 vtter vndooing to trauelle vpon LondoÌ„ thâ—… king there soonest to prâ—… against his aduersary though his 〈…〉 so doubtful But in this toye 〈…〉 â—…oe excâ—… of all that euer I hearde for 〈◊〉 shall here there haue some one adde poore Dauid of the giuen so much to contention and strife that without all respect of charges he will vp to London though he go bare legged by the waye and carye his hosen on his necke to saue theyr féete from 〈…〉 bycause he hath no chaunge When he commeth there also he will make such importunate begging of his countreymeÌ„ and hard shift otherwise that he will sometymes carye downe sixe or seuen writtes in his purse wherwith to molest his neighbour though the greatest quarrell be scarsely woorth the price that he payd for any one of theÌ„ But ynough of this leasâ—… in reuealing the superfluous follye of a fewe brablers in this behalfe I bring no good wil to my selfe amongst the wysest of that natioÌ„ Certes it is a lamentable case to sée furthermore how a number of poore men are dayly abused and vtterly vndone by sundrie varlets that go about the countrey as brokers betwéene the petty foggers of the lawe Thrée Varlettes worthie to be chronicled and the common people onely to kyndle coales of contention wherby the one side may reape commodity and the other be put to traueyle But of all that euer I knew in Essex Denis and Mainford excelled till Iohn of Ludlow aliâs Mason came in place vnto whome in comparison they two were but children and babes for he in lesse theÌ„ thrée or foure yeres did bring one man among many else where in other places almost to extréeme misery if beggery be the vttermost who before hée had the shauing of his bearde was valued at two hundred pounde I speake with the lest who finally féeling that he had not sufficent wherwith to susteine himself his familie also to satisfie that gréedie rauenour that stil called vpon him for new fées he went to bed and within foure dayes made an ende of hys wofull life euen with care pensiuenesse After his death also he so haÌ„dled his sonne that there was neuer shéepe shorne in Maie so néere clypped of hys â—…éeâ—…e present as hée was of manye to come so that he was compelled to let away his lease land because his cattell and stocke were consumed and he no longer able to occupie the ground But hereof let this suffise 〈◊〉 â—…stéeâ—…e of these enormities two tables shall 〈◊〉 whereof the first shall containe the names of the Countyes Cities Borowes and Portes which send knightes Burgeses and Barons to the Parliament house the other an 〈◊〉 report of the beginnings and endes of tearme with their returnes according to the maner as I haue borrowed them 〈◊〉 my friende Iohn Stow whyche this impression was in hande The names of Counties Cities Borowghes and Portes sending Knightes Citizens Burgeses and Barons to the Parliament of Englande Bedforde KNightes 2 The borowgh of Bedforde 2 Buckingham Knightes 2 The borowgh of Buckingham 2 The borowgh of Wickombe 2 The borowgh of Ailesbury 2 Barcleeshyre Knightes 2 The borowgh of New Windsore 2 The borowgh of Reding 2 The borowgh of Wallingforde 2 The borowgh of Abington 2 Cornewall Knightes 2 The borow of Launceston alias Newport 2 The borowgh of Leskero 2 The borowgh of Lost wythiell 2 The borowgh of Danheuet 2 The borowgh of Truro 2 The borowgh of Bodmin 2 The borowgh of Helston 2 The borowgh of Saltash 2 The borowgh of Camelforde 2 The boro of Portighsam alias Portlow 2 The borowgh of Graunpount 2 The borowgh of Eastlow 2 The borowgh of Prury 2 The borowgh Tregonye 2 The borow of Trebenna alias Bossinny 2 The borowgh of S. Ies. 2 The borowgh of Foway 2 The borowgh of Germine 2 The borowgh of Michell 2 The borowgh of Saint Maries 2 Cumberlande Knightes 2 The citie of Caerlile 2 Cambridge Knightes 2 The borowgh of Cambridge 2 Chester Knightes 2 The Citie of Chester 2 Darby Knightes 2 The borowgh of Darby 2 Deuon Knightes 2 The citie of Excester 2 The borowgh of Totnes 2 The borowgh of Plimmouth 2 The borowgh of Bardnestable 2 The borowgh of Plimton 2 The borowgh of Tauestocke 2 The borowgh of Dartmouth Cliston and Herdynes 2 Dorset shyre Knightes 2 The borowgh of Poole 2 The borowgh of Dorchester 2 The borowgh of Linne 2 The borowgh of Melcombe 2 The borowgh of Waymouth 2 The borowgh of Bureport 2 The borowgh of Shaftesbury 2 The borowgh of Warham 2 Essex Knightes 2 The borowgh of Colchester 2 The borowgh Malden 2 Yorkeshire Knightes 2 The citie of Yorke 2 The borowgh of Kingston vpon Hull 2 The borowgh of Knaresbrugh 2 The borowgh of Skardborowgh 2 The borowgh of Rippon 2 The borowgh of Hudon 2 The borowgh of borowghbridge 2 The borowgh of Thuske 2 The borowgh of Aldebrugh 2 The borowgh of Beuerley 2 Glocestershyre Knightes 2 The Citie of Glocester 2 The borowgh of Cirencester 2 Huntingtonshyre Knightes 2 The borowgh of Huntingdon 2 Hertfordshyre Knightes 2 The borowgh of Saint Albons 2 Herefordeshyre Knightes 2 The Citie of Hereford 2 The borowgh of Lempster 2 Kent Knightes 2 The citie of Cantorbury 2 The citie of Rochester 2 The borowgh of Maideston 2 The borowgh of Qranborowgh 2 Lincolne Knightes 2 The citie of Lincolne 2 The borowgh of Bostone 2 The borowgh of great Grinesby 2 The borowgh of Stamforde 2 The borowgh of Grantham 2 Leicester shyre Knightes 2 The borowgh of Leicester 2 Lancastershyre Knightes 2 The borowgh of Lancaster 2 The borowgh of Preston in Andernes 2 The borowgh of Liuerpole 2 The borowgh of Newton 2 The borowgh of Wigan 2 The borowgh of Clithero 2 Middlesex Knightes 2 The citie of London 4 The citie of Westminster 2 Monmouth Knightes 2 The borowgh of Monmouth 1 Northampton Knightes 2 The citie of Peterborowgh 2 The borowgh of Northampton 2 The borowgh of Barkley 2 The borowgh of Higham Ferres 1 Notingham Knightes 2 The borowgh of Notingham 2 The borowgh Estreatforde 2 Norfolke Knightes 2 The citie of Norwich 2 The borowgh of Linne 2 The borowgh of great Iernemouth 2 The borowgh of Thetford 2 The borowgh of castell Rising 2 Northumberland Knightes 2 The borowgh of New Castell vpon Tine 2 The borowgh of Morpeth 2 The borowgh of Barwike 2 Oxforde Knightes 2 The citie of Oxforde 2 The borowgh of Bambiley 2 The borowgh of Woodstocke Rutlando Knightes 2 Surrey Knightes P 2 The borowgh of Southwacâ—… 2 The borowgh of Blechingâ—…gâ—… 2 The borowgh of Rigate 2 The borowgh of
Guildford 2 The borowgh of Gatton 2 Stâ—atford Knightes 2 The citie of Lichfielde 2 The borowgh of Stâ—…acforde 2 The borowgh of New â—…asâ—…eâ—… vnder Linne 2 The borowgh of Tainworth 2 Salop. Knightes 2 The borowgh of Salop. 2 The boro of Bruges alias bridgenorth 2 The borowgh of Ludlow 2 The borowgh of Wenlâ—…e 2 Southampton Knightes 2 The citie of Winton 2 The borowgh of Southampton 2 The borowgh of Portesmouth 2 The borowgh of Peterfielde 2 The borowgh of Stockebridge 2 The borowgh of Christ Church 2 Suffolke Knightes 2 The borowgh of Ippeswich 2 The borowgh of Dunwich 2 The borowgh of Ortford 2 The borowgh of Aldeborowgh 2 The borowgh of Sudbury 2 The borowgh of Eya 2 Somerset Knightes The citie of Bristow 2 The citie of Bath 2 The citie of Welles 2 The borowgh of Taunton 2 The borowgh Bridgewater 2 The borowgh of Minched 2 Sussex Knightes 2 The citie of Chichester 2 The borowgh of Horsham 2 The borowgh of Midhurst 2 The borowgh of Lewes 2 The borowgh of Shorham 2 The borowgh of Brember 2 The borowgh of Stening 2 The borowgh of Eastgrenested 2 The borowgh of Arundell 2 Westmerland Knightes 2 The borowgh of Appâ—…sby 2 Wilton Knightes 2 The citie of New Satum 2 The borowgh of Wilton 2 The borowgh of Dounton 2 The borowgh of Hindon 2 The borowgh of Heytesbury 2 The borowgh of Westbury 2 The borowgh of Caine. 2 The borowgh of Deusâ—…es 2 The borowgh of Chypenham 2 The borowgh of Malmesâ—…ury 2 The borowgh of Cricklade 2 The borowgh of Buâ—…wln 2 The borowgh of Ludgeâ—…aâ—…e 2 The borowgh of Olde Sarum 2 The borowgh of Wotton Basset 2 The borowgh of Matleborowgh 2 Worcester Knightes 2 The citie of Worcester 2 The borowgh of Withée 2 Warwike Knightes 2 The Citie of Couentry 2 The borowgh of Warwike 2 Barons of the portes Hastings 2 Winchelsey 2 Rye 2 Rumney 2 Hithe 2 Douer 2 Sandwich 2 Mountgomery Knightes 1 The borowgh of Mountgomery 1 Flint Knightes 1 The borowgh of Flint 1 Denbigh Knightes 1 The borowgh of Denbigh 1 Merionneth Knightes 1 The borowgh of Hauerfordwest 1 Carneruan Knightes 1 The borowgh of Carneruan 1 Anglesey Knightes 1 The borowgh of Beaumares 1 Carmarden Knightes 1 The borowgh of New Carmarden 1 Pembroke Knightes 1 The borowgh of Pembroke 1 Cardigan Knightes 1 The borowgh of Brecknocke 1 Radnor Knightes 1 The borowgh of Radnor 1 Glamorgan Knights 1 The borowgh of Cardiffe 1 ¶ The Summe of the foresayde number of the common house videlicet of Knights 90. Citizens 46. Burgesses 289. Barons 14. 439. ⧠A perfect rule to knowe the beginning and ending of euery terme with their returnes HIllary terme beginneth the xxâ—…ij day of Ianuary if it be not Sunday otherwise the next daye after endeth the twelfth of February and hath foure returnes Octabis Hilarij Quind Hilarij Crastino Purific Octabis Purific ¶ Easter terme beginneth xvij daies after Easter and endeth foure dayes after the ascention day and hath fiue returnes Quind Pasch Tres Paschae Mense Paschae Quinquae Paschae Crast Ascention ¶ Trinitie terme beginneth the next daye after Corpus Christi daye and endeth the wednesdaye fortnight after and hath foure returnes Crast Trinitatis Octabis Trinitat Quind Trinitatis Tres Trinitatis ¶ Michelmas terme beginneth the ix of October if it be not Sunday and endeth the xxviij of Nouember and hath viij returnes Octabis Michael Quind Michael Tres Michael Mense Michael Crast anima Crast Martini Octa. Martini Quind Martini Note also that the Eschequer openeth eight dayes before any terme begin except Trinitie terme which openeth but foure dayes before ¶ And nowe followeth the lawe dayes in the court of Tharches and audience of Canterbury with other Ecclesiasticall Ciuill lawes through the whole yeare These dayes are not chaunged excepte they lyght on a Sunday or holy daye and euery daye is called a lawday vnlesse it bée Sunday or holyday Michelmas terme S. Faith S. Edward S. Luke Simon Iu. All Soules S. Martin Edmond Katherin S. Andrewe Conception of our Lady ¶ It is to be noted that the first day following euery of these feastes noted in euery terme the court of the Archeâ—… is kept in Bowe church in the forenoone â–ª And the same first daye in the afternoone iâ—… the Admyralty Court for Ciuill causes kept in Southwarke The seconde daye followyng euery one of the sayde feastes the court of Audience of Caunterburye is kept in the Consistory in Paules in the forenoone And the same daye in the after noâ—…ne in the same place is the Prerogatiue court of Caunterbury holden The thirde daye after any such feast in the forenoone the consistory court of the Bishop of London is kept in Paules Church in the consistory and the same thirde daye in the afternoone is the court of the Delegates and of the Quéenes highnesse Commissyoners vpon appeales kept in the same place Hilary terme S. Hilary S. Wolstan Conuersion of S. Paule S. Blase S. Scolastic S. Valentine Ash wednesd S. Mathie S. Chad. Perpet Fel. S. Gregory Anunciation of our Ladye Note that the foure first dayes of thys terme be certain and vnchanged The other are altered after the course of the yere and sometime kept and somtime omitted For if it so happen that one of those feastes fall on wednesdaye coÌ„monly called Ashwednesday after the day of S. Blase so that y e same law day after Ashwednesday cannot bée kept bycause the lawday of thother feast doth lyght on the same then the seconde law day after Ashwednesday shall be kept and the other omitted And if the lawday after that wednesday be y e next daye after the feast of s Blase then shall all euery those court daies be obserued in order as they may be kept coÌ„ueniently And marke although that Ashwednesday be put the seauenth in order yet it hath no certaine place but is chaunged as the course of Easter causeth it Easter Tearme The fithtéene day after Easter S. Alphege S. Marke Inuention of the Crosse Gordiane S. Dunstane Ascention day ¶ In thys terme the first sitting is alwaye kept the Munday beyng the 15. day after Easter and so foorth after the feasts here noted which next followe by course of the yeare after Easter And the lyke space being kept betwéene other feastes The rest of the lawe dayes are kept to the thirde of the Ascention which is the last day of this terme And if it happen that the feast of y e Ascention of our Lord doe come before any of the feastes aforesayde then they are omytted for that yeare And lykewise if anye of those dayes come before the xv of Easter those dayes are omitted also Trinitie Tearme Trinitie Sunday Corpus Christi Boniface Bishop S. Barnabie S. Butolphe S. Iohn S. Paule Transla Thomas S. Swythune S. Margaret S. Anne ¶ Note that the lawedayes of this tearme are altered by meane of Whitsuntyde the first sitting is kept alwayes on
rested a while there to refreshe them Braunches of trees hee commaunded euerye man to get a bough of some tree or other of that wood in his hand as bigge as he might beare and to march forth therwith in such wise that on the next morow they might come closely and without sight in thys manner within viewe of hys enimies On the morow when Makbeth beheld them comming in this sort hee first marueyled what the matter ment but in the end remembred himselfe that the prophecie which he had hearde long before that time of the comming of Byrnane wood to Dunsinnane Castell was likely to bee now fulfilled Neuerthelesse he brought hys men in order of battell Makbeth setteth his men in order of battel Makbeth fleeeth and is pursued of Makduffe and exhorted them to doe valiantly howbeit his enimies had scarcely cast from them their boughes when Makbeth perceiuing their numbers betook him streight to flight whom Makduffe pursued with great hatred eueÌ„ till he came vnto Lunfannain where Makbeth perceiuing that Makduffe was hard at his back leapt beside his horse saying thou traytor what meaneth it that thou shouldest thus in vaine follow me that am not appoynted to be slain by any creature that is borne of a woman come on therefore and receyue thy rewarde which thou hast deserued for thy paynes and therewithall he lyfted vp his sworde thinking to haue slaine him But Makduffe quickly auoyding from his horse ere he came at him answered with his naked sworde in his hande saying it is true Makbeth and now shall thine insatiable crueltie haue an ende for I am euen he that thy wysards haue tolde the of who was neuer borne of my mother but ripped out of hir wombe therewithall he stept vnto him slue him in the place Makbeth is slaine Then cutting his heade from the shoulders hee set it vpon a poll and brought it vnto Malcolme This was the end of Makbeth after he had raigned .xvij. yeares ouer the Scottishmen In the beginning of his raigne he accomplished many worthie actes right profitable to the common wealth as ye haue heard but afterwarde by illusion of the diuell he defamed â—…he same with most terrible crueltie He was slaine in the yeare of the incarnation 1057. and in the .xvj. 1057. Io. Ma. 1061. H.B. 8. H.B. yeare of king Edwardes raigne ouer the English men MAlcolme Cammore thus recouering the realme as ye haue hearde by support of king Edward in the .xvj. Malcolme yeare of the same Edwards raign he was crowned at Scone the .xxv day of April in the yeare of our Lorde .1057 Immediately after his coronation he called a Parliament at Forfair A Parliament at Forfair in the which he rewarded them with landes and liuings that had assisted him agaynst Makbeth aduauncing them to fees and offices as he saw cause and commaunded that specially those that bare the surname of any office or landes shoulde haue and enioye the same He created many Earles Lordes Barons and Knightes Thanes changed into Earles Many of them that before were Thanes were at this time made Earles as Fife Menteth Atholl Leuenox Murray Cathnes Rosse and Angus These were the first Earles that haue beene heard of amongest the Scottishe men as their hystories make mention Many new surnames were takeÌ„ vp at this time amongst them Surnames as Cauder Lokart Gordon Seyton Lauder Wawane Meldrun Schaw Leirmouth Libertoun Strachquhen Cargill Rattrey Dundas Cockbourne Myrtoun MenÈeis Abercrummy Lesly with many other that had possessions giuen to them which gaue names to the owners for the time Others got their surnames by offices as Stewarde Durwarde and Banerman Also the proper names of many valiant captaynes were turned into generall surnames as Kennedy Graham Hay with dyuerse other to long here to rehearse So that it came to passe then as it hath done many tymes sithence that new surnames haue worne the olde out of vse In the foresayde Parliament thus holden at Forfair in the beginning of his raign there were many holesome ordinances established both apperteyning to ciuill administration and also to the ecclesiasticall iurisdiction In rewarde also of Makduffes seruice Makduffes Earle of Fife his aduauncement who as ye haue heard chiefly ayded him to the atteyning of the crowne he honoured him and his posteritie with three sortes of priuiledges Fyrst that the Earle of Fife for the tyme being Priuiledges graunted vnto Makduffes lynage at the coronation of a king should by his office set the crowne on the kings head The second was that when the king should giue battaile to his enimies the same Earle should leade the vauntgard of his host The thirde that the lynage of Makduffe should enioy regall authoritie and power within al their lands roomthes as to appoynt officers and iudges for the hearing and determining of all matters and controuersies treason onely excepted and that if any of their men or tenants were called to answere in any Court out of their circuit they might appeale to their owne iudges to bee appoynted as before is expressed Iohannes Maior wryteth in his Chronicle Iohannes Maior that the thirde priuiledge which Malcolme graunted vnto this Makduffe and his posteritie was this that for euery Gentleman that any of theÌ„ should hap to kill by chaunce medley and not vpon pretensed malice for the summe of .xxiiij. markes he should redeeme his punishment due for the same for the casuall slaughter of a meaner person he should be fined at .xij. Markes so that murtherers were wont to say that if they were able to pay that summe vnto the Kynboc then ought to be released of further punitian by Makduffes priuiledge But this third priuiledge togither with the other two former grauntes the sayde Maior sore reproueth and not without cause as maye appeare considering the naturall inclination of that people vnto murther which by this meanes nourishing secrete hatred and malice in theyr heartes might vnder the clokeÌ„ of casuall falling out slea whom they lusted It was ordeyned also at this Parliament that Barons which had liberties within theÌ„selues Gybets and draw welles should make gybbets whereon men that deserued death shoulde suffer execution and also draw Welles wherein women that were condemned should be drowned according to the order of the ciuill lawes vsed in Scotland Makbethes lawes abrogated Moreouer all the lawes that Makbeth had ordeyned were abrogate at this Parliament Thus whilest Malcolme was busied in setting orders amongst his subiects tydings came that one Lugtake surnamed the foole Luktake being eyther the sonne or as some write the cousin of the late mentioned Makbeth was conueyed wyth a great number of such as had taken part with the sayde Makbeth vnto Seone Lugtake crowned at Scone and there by their support receyued the Crowne as lawfull inheritor thereto To appease this businesse was Makduffe Earle of Fife sent with full commission in the kings name Lugtake
The Gordons are imprisoned were chardged to enter into warde About the same time the Erle of Bothwell The Earle Bothwell escaped out of prison who vpon displeasure conceyued againste hym aboute a quarrell betwixte hym and the Earle of Arrane hadde bin committed to prison in Easter weeke last before past escaped out of Dauids Tower in Edenburgh at a window In October the Earle of Huntley came with an armye to Cornethie in Mar The Earle of Huntley slayne where hee was slaine and Iohn Gordon hys sonne taken prisoner and broughte to Aberdene the nine and twentith daye of October Greate Summes of money were taken and leuied of them for that trespasse The Lorde Gordon was taken by the duke of Chatellerault hys father in lawe The Lorde Gordon is taken prisoner at Cumernoul and brought to Edenburghe where hee was putte in the Castell and after by a iurye conuicte forfalted and condempned to dye and sente to Dunbarre Castel there to remayne in warde where hee continued till the yeare of God .1565 1563 â—… Parliament The Queene helde a Parliament in Edenburgh where the Earle of Huntleys dead body was broughte presente before the estates in the Talbuith and forfalted The acte of â—…ion ratiâ—… The Earle of Sutherland was forfalted also and diuers other of their friendes and in thys Parliamente the acte of obliuion was ratified and approued and dyuers other newe actes made The Queene â—…th a Progresse This yeare in August the Queene wente a progresse into Argile This yeare deceassed diuers counsellors or Senators of the Colledge of Iustice as maister Iohn StephaÌ„son Chancellor of Glasquho and the Prouost of Corstrophine In place of the firste Maister Iohn Leslie officiall of Aberdene â—…e Offiâ—…a was promoted and in the Prouosts place Maister Iames Baulfour succeeded 1564 Ambassadors 〈◊〉 Sweden There came an Ambassador from the king of Sweden to treate of marriage to bee contracted with the Queene but his message was not regarded The seconde of Iuly Henrye Sinclar Byshoppe of Rosse shipped at Leith to passe into France The Bishoppe 〈◊〉 Rose went 〈◊〉 Fraunce to procure some helpe of his disease He was cut of the stone in Paris and dyed the second of Ianuary next after There succeded to that Bishopricke of Rosse Maister Iohn Leslie Person of Ouen beeing then one of the Senatours of the session and Colledge of Iustice In the moneth of August the Queene past into Atholl in Progresse The Queenes â—…esse and from thence to Badzenocht to Inuernes and to the Chanonrie of Rosse and returned through Murrey to Gartley Aberdene Dumâ—…oter and so to Edenburgh where shee remayned the nexte Winter The Earle of Lennox came into Scotland In the moneth of October the Earle of Lennox came into Scotland and for his cause there was a Parliamente holden in December in which he was restored to all his landes honors and dignities within that Realme A Progresse In Ianuary y e Queene tooke hir iourney through Fiffe and in manye Gentlemens places was banquetted in whiche time Henry Stewarde Lorde Darneley Lord Darnley came into Scotland a goodly man of personage and sonne to the Earle of Lennox came into Scotlande where hee came to the Queenes presence in the Weames the ninth day of February The Queene so well liked him 1565 A Parliament that she assembled all the temporall Lordes togyther at Striueling in the moneth of Aprill and there obteyned of them their consents that she might marrie the sayd Lord Darneley After this he was made Earle of Rosse Lord Darneley iâ—… made earle of Rosse In the meane time the Queene of England sent Sir Nicholas Throckmorton into Scotlande The Queene of Englande diswaded that marriage to vnderstande the proceedings in the Queenes marriage with the Lord Darneley and for other affaires who came to the assemble at Striueling to that effect The Queene of Scottes sent maister Iohn Hay Abbot of Balmerinoch into Englande to the Queene to mitigate hir displeasure towards the Lorde Darnlie and to obtaine hir consent to the marriage who aunswered Ambassage sente into Englande that she ment to send an Ambassador of hir owne into Scotlande for that and other causes and according to hir promise shee sente one Shortly after certaine captaines and men of warre in Saint Andrews Dundee The Earle of Murrey a sulter vnto the Queene and saint Iohns towne receyued money about the same time of the earle of Murrey to take parte wyth hym for the which they were after punished After the assemble at Striueling the Queene seemed not to like of the Earle of Murrey so well as shee had done beefore wherevppon hee departed the Courte and repaired vnto Sainct Androws where throughe the counsell of certayne persons hee soughte wayes to stoppe the marriage The Queene neuerthelesse sente the Byshoppe of Dunblane to Rome for a dispensation to marrie wyth the Lorde Darnelie Dispensation hadde from Rome for to marrye beeyng hir cousin in the seconde degree of coÌ„sanguinitie whiche hee obtayned and sente it home shortely after The Queene was then principally counselled by the Erles of Atholl and Lennox the Lord Ruthuen and their friends In the meane time the Earle of Murrey perswaded the Duke of Chatelleraulte Consultation to stoppe the marriage the Earle of Argile and sundrye other to meete at Striueling where they made a bande to stoppe the marriage alledging the same to bee made for mayntenance of the Religion The Queene aduertised thereof releassed the Lorde Gordon forthe of prison Gordon is created Earle of Huntley wherein hee hadde bene kepte within the Castell of Dunbar and restoring hym to hys fathers landes created hym Earle of Huntley She also sent for the Erle of Bothwel to returne home Bothwell is sent for who was vanished and was then in Fraunce Lord Darneley is made Duke of Albany In the moneth of Iuly the Lord Darnely Earle of Rosse was made Duke of Albany and on Saterday at euen the eyght and twentith daye of the same moneth before the marriage Lord Darneley is proclaymed King he was proclaymed King by y e Queenes commaundemente at the Market crosse of Edenburgh and on the nine and twentith daye of the same moneth The Queene is married he was married to y e Queene in the Chappell of Holy Roode house at fiue of the clocke in the morning Shortly after the Duke of Chatellerault the Earles of Argile Certaine lords refuse to appeare before the Queene Murrey and their complices were sommoned to appeare before the Queene and hir Counsell within sixe dayes and bycause they refused so to do they were put to the Horne The Queene assembled an army and wente to Glasquo to pursue them An army gathered against them and the Duke and Erles with other of their company came to Edenburgh where the Castell shotte off at them and therefore they departed towards Dunfreis
their doings who incensed brother against brother In which rage Iames Fitz Girald meeting the sayde Gentleman besyde Ballimore slew him euen then vppon his iourney towarde the Deputie to keepe his Christmas with him Margaret Countesse of Ossorie With thys despitefull murther both sydes brake out into open enmitie and especially the Countesse of Ossorie Kildare hys sister a rare womā and able for wisedome to rule a realme had not hir stomacke ouerruled hir knowledge Heere began informations of newe treasons passing too and fro with complayntes and replyes But the Marques Dorset had wroughte so for his sonne in law that he was suffered to rest at home and onely commissioners directed into Ireland with authoritie to examine the roote of their griefes wherein if they found Kildare any thyng at all purged theyr instructions were to depose the plaintife and to sweare the other Lord Deputie Commissioners sent to Irelande Commissioners were these Sir Raufe Egerton a Knighte of Cheshire Anthony Fitz Herbert seconde Iustice of the common place Iames Dētō Deane of Liechfield who hauing examined these accusatiōs suddaynely tooke the sworde from the Earle of Ossorie sware Kildare Lorde Deputie Kildare sworn L. Deputie before whome Con Oneale bare the sword that day Concerning the murtherer whome they myght haue hanged they brought him prisoner into Englande presented him to the Cardinall Wolsey Cardinall Wolsey enimie to the Giraldines who was sayde to hate Kildare hys bloud and the Cardinall intending to haue put him to execution with more reproche and dishonour to the name caused him to bee ledde about the streetes of London haltred and hauing a taper in hys hande which asked so long time that the Deane of Liechefielde stepped to the King and begged the Gentleman hys pardon Pardon granted The Cardinall was sore inflamed heerewith and the malice not hitherto so ranke was throughly ripened and therefore hence forewarde Kildare acused The Articles Ossorie broughte for the diuers profes of the Deputie his disorder for that as hee alledged the Deputie shoulde winke at the Earle of Desmonde whome by vertue of the King hys letters he ought to haue attached Also that he sought for acquaintance and affinitie with meere Irish enimies that hee hadde armed them against him then beeing the Kyng his Deputie hee hanged and headed good subiects whome he mistrusted to leane to the Butlers friendship Kildare was therefore presently commaunded to appeare which he did leauing in his roomth his brother Fitz Girald of Lexlip Fitz Girald Lord Iustice whome they shortly deposed and chose the Baron of Deluin whome Oconor tooke prisoner The Earle of Ossorie chosen L. Deputie and then the Earle of Ossorie to shewe his habilitie of seruice brought to Dublin an army of Irishmen hauing captaines ouer them Oconnor Omore and Ocarrol and at Saint Mary Abbey was chosen Deputy by the King hys counsell In whiche office being himselfe saue only in feares of armes a simple Gentleman hee bare out his honoure and the charge of gouernement very worthely The Countes of Ossorie through the singular wisedome of his Countesse a Lady of suche a port that all estates of the Realme crouched vnto hir so politique that nothing was thought substantially debated without hir aduice manlike and tall of stature very liberall and bountifull a sure friende a bitter enimie hardly disliking where she fansied not easily fansying wher she disliked the only meane at those days wherby hir husbande his Countrey was reclaymed from sluttishnes and slouenry to cleane bedding and ciuilitie But to these vertues was lynked suche a selfe-liking suche an ouerweening and suche a maiestie aboue the tenure of a Subiect that for assurance thereof shee sticked not to abuse hir husbands honoure agaynst hir brothers folly Notwithstandyng I learne not that shee practised his vndoyng whiche ensued and was to hir vndoubtedly greate heauinesse as vppon whome both the blemishe thereof and the substance of the greater part of that family depended after but that she by indirect meanes lifted hir brother out of credite to aduance hir husbād the commō voice and the thing it selfe speaketh All this while abode the Earle of Kildare at the Court and with muche adoe found shift to bee called before the Lords to aunswere suddaynely They sate vpon him diuersly affected Kildare conuented before the Counsell and namely y e Cardinall Lord Chancellour misliking the Erle his cause cōforted his accusers enforced the articles obiected what else so euer could be gathered thereof in these words I wote well my Lorde that I am not the meetest at this boorde to charge you with these treasons The Cardinall L. Chansellor chargeth Kildare bycause it hathe pleased some of youre pewfellowes to report that I am a professed enimie to all nobilitie and namely to the Giraldines but seeing euerye curst boy can say as muche when hee is controlled and seeing these poyntes are so weightie that they should not bee dissembled of vs and so apparant that they cānot be denyed of you I must haue leaue notwithstanding your stale slaunder to bee the mouth of these honorable at this present and to trumpe your treasons in youre way howsoeuer you take me First you remember how y e lewde Earle of Desmond your kinsman who passeth not whome hee serueth mighte hee change hys master sent his confederates with letters of credence to Frauncis the Frenche Kyng and hauyng but colde comfort there went to Charles the Emperoure profering the help of Mounster and Connaght toward the conquest of Irelād if either of them woulde helpe to winne it from our King Howe many letters what preceptes what messages what threats haue bin sent you to apprehende him and yet not done Why so forsooth I could not catch him nay nay Earle forsooth you would not watche him If hee bee iustly suspected why are you partiall in so great a charge if not why are you fearefull to haue him tryed yea for it will be sworne and deposed to your face that for feare of meeting him you haue winked wilfully shunned his sighte altered youre course warned hys friendes stopped both eares and eyes againste his detectors and when so euer you tooke vppon you to hunte him out then was hee sure before hande to bee out of your walke Surely this iugling and false play little became either an honest man called to such honour or a noble man putte in so greate trust Had you lost but a Cowe of an Horse of youre owne two hundred of youre reteyners woulde haue come at your whistle to rescue the pray frō the vttermost edge of Vlster all the Irishe in Ireland must haue giuen you the way But in pursuing so needeful a matter as this was mercifull God howe nice how daungerous howe wayward haue you bin One while he is from home another while he kepeth home sometimes fledde sometimes in the bordures where you dare not venter I wisse my Lorde there bee
of 40 dayes at all times vpon lawful summonaÌ„ce if y e King or his son Duke Richard would haue his seruice longer time after y e 40. dayes were expired they should pay wages both to him and to his men in reasonable maner Moreouer the said Erle condiscended and agreed to giue yerely for Tholouse an hundred markes Tribute for Tholouse or else ten Horses with ten marks a peece Moreouer whilest the K. soiourned at Lymoges there came thither to him the Erle of MorieÌ„ne required to vnderstaÌ„d what parcels of lande he woulde assigne foorth vnto his son Iohn wherevpoÌ„ y e K. resolued to assigne vnto him y e Chappell of Chinon Lodun and Mirabel Gerua Dâ—…n wherewith he offended his eldest son y e yong K. as after it may appeare Who also was glad to haue such occasion thereby to broch hys conceiued purpose of Rebellion which he of late had imagined and now began to put it in practise vpon occasion as after shall appeare We do admonish you all and by the authoritie which we reteyne wee straightly charge you that you celebrate the daye of the suffring of the blessed man Thomas the glorious Martyr The Popes letters for a new holyday somtime Archbishop of Canterburie euery yeare in most solemne wise and that with deuout prayers ye endeuour your selues to purchase forgiuenesse of sinnes that he which for Christes sake suffred banishment in this life and martyrdome in death by constancie of vertue through continuall supplication of faythfull people may make intercession for vs vnto God The tenor of these letters were vneth read when euery man with loude voice beganne to recite this Psalme or Hymne Te Deum landamus And bycause his suffraganes had not exhibited to hym theyr father due reuerence eyther in time of his banishment or at his returne from the same but rather had persecuted him that they might confesse their errour and wickednesse to all men openly A Collect deuised in honor of the Archbishop Becket they made this Collect Be fauourable good Lorde to our supplication and prayer that we which acknowledge our selues guiltie of iniquitie may be deliuered by the intercession of Thomas thy blessed Martyr and Bishop This prayer was vsed by the Couent of Saint Albones in the day of his Martyrdome The same yeare also the sister of the same Archbishop was made Abbesse of Berking Ser. Do. The Archbishops consecrasion disturbed by the yong king But now touching the new elected Archbishop Richard we finde that comming to Canterbury the Saterday after his election in hope to be there consecrated he was disappoynted by letters that came from King Henrye the sonne in forme as followeth Henry by the grace of God king of England duke of Normandie and erle of Anion son of K. Henrie To our deare and faythfull friend Odâ—… Prior of the Church of Canterburie and to al the conuent there sendeth greeting By the assured report of some we vnderstaÌ„d that in your church and in other Churches also my father goeth about to institute certaine persons not verie meete for such calling and bycause without our consent it ought not so to be done who by reason of our kingly annoynting haue taken vpon vs the kingdome and charge of the whole realme herevpoÌ„ we haue in the presence of many persons appealed to the sea of Rome and haue signified our appeale in that behalfe made vnto our reuerende fathers friends Albert and Theodorike Cardinals legates of the Apostolike sea by our writing and messenger who like wise and discreete personages haue assented therevnto We haue likewise signified the same our appeale vnto our faythfull friendes the Bishops of London Exeter and Worcester and as we haue appealed so likewise we doe appeale vnder your testimonie Here the Bishops were driuen to their shiftes some of them desiring to goe forwarde with the consecration and some supposing it better to yeelde vnto the appeale The elect Archbishop herevpon sent first messengers vnto Rome with letters not written only by himselfe but also by all the Bishops and coÌ„uent of Canterburie After this he followed himselfe in person and comming to the Popes court found there diuerse aduersaries to his cause For some there were that tooke part with the king the father some with the king the sonne and so his businesse could haue no speedie dispatch And in the meane time the rancor which king Henrie the sonne had conceyued agaynst his father was so ripened y t it coulde not but burst out and shew it selfe to the breach of all dutifull obedience which nature requireth of a sonne towards the father Ye haue heard howe king Henrie promised to the Earle of Morienne when the mariage was concluded betwixt his sonne Iohn and the sayde Erles daughter to giue vnto the sayd Iohn certain townes in Normandie for the better mainteyning of his estate and his wyues This gift of the fathers caused his eldest sonne the yong king Henrie the sooner to poure out his poyson which he had sucked before at his beeing with his father in law king Lewes For conceyuing an offence that his father should giue away any portion of his inheritance he would not condiscend to any such giftes but alledged y e sithence he was king of England and that al belonged to him his father coulde not nowe haue any tytle to giue away that whiche did in no wise apperteyne vnto him There was another cause that troubled hys minde also VVil. Par. and moued him to grudge at his father which was for that the proportion of his allowance for maintenance of his housholde and port was verie slender and yet more slenderly payed Also his father remoued from him certaine of his seruants as Astoulf de S. Hillarie Astoulf de S. Hillarie a couÌ„seller or rather corruped of K. Henrie the sâ—â— Polidor other whome hee suspected to giue him euill counsell Wherefore those that were procurers of him to attempt the leasing of the gouernment into hys handes vpon this occasion slept not but put into his head suche matter that at length hee openly demaunded to haue the whole rule committed to him which when he saw woulde not be obteyned of his father by quiet meanes he fled secretly away vnto his father in law king Lewes King Henrie the sonne fled to the French king requyring him of ayde to recouer his right which king Henrie the elder vniustly deteyned from him The Frenche King recomforted him and badde him bee of good cheare for he ment to doe for him al that in hym lay Herewith he proclaymed hym Duke of Normandie and receyued of him homage for the same His father King Henrie vnderstanding that his sonne was thus fledde to the Frenche King sent Ambassadours forthwyth to the same king requyring him to gyue his Sonne some good wholsome counsayle that hee myght repente and not followe suche wilfulnesse of mynde in swaruing from hys fathers friendshippe but rather
got two thousand markes of the Citie of London and after fell in hande with the Abbots and Priors of whome he gote somewhat though sore against their willes By occasioÌ„ of two marchante Straungers of Brabant whych chaunced to bee robbed about the parties of Winchester whilest the King was there vpon theyr importunate sute and complaynte there was a greate nest of theeues broken A nest of theeues 〈◊〉 amongst the whiche were many welthie persons and freeholders suche as vsed to passe on lyfe and death of theyr owne companions to whome they were fauourable ynough you maye be sure also there were some of the Kyngs seruaunts amongst them About thirtie of those offendors were apprehended and putte to execution besydes those that escaped some into sainctuary and some into voluntary exile running out of and vtterly forsakyng the countrey About Easter The Arcâ—… of Roan the Archbyshoppe of Roan came ouer into England and doyng homage for suche reuenewes as belonged to his Church here within this realme had the same restored vnto him â—…th Paris â—…at tayne In Iune there fell such aboundance of raine specially about AbingdoÌ„ that the Willow trees Mylles and other houses standing neare to the water syde were borne downe and ouerturned with one Chapell also and the corne in the fielde was so beaten to the grounde that breade made thereof after it was ripe seemed as it had beene made of branne â—…e Earle of â—…sburie â—…r go into 〈◊〉 holy land About the same tyme William de Longespee Earle of Salisburie and Robert de Veer with other English men to the number of two hundred knightes hauing taken on them the Crosse went into the holy lande the sayde Earle being their chiefe captaine and had so prosperous speed in their iourney that they arriued safe and sound in the Christian armie where the Frenche king being chiefe thereof they were receyued ioyfully But yet as Mathew Paris writeth â—…at Par. the pride and disdaine of the French men was so greate that vpon spite and enuie conceyued at the Englishmens glorie â—…e spite of 〈◊〉 French toâ—…des the â—…glishmen which bare theÌ„selues right worthily the French men vsed the English men nothing friendly Namely the Earle of Arras sticked not to speake manye reprochfull wordes agaynste the sayde William de Longesper and his people whereat they could not but take great indignation Also the same season the Earle of Leycester who had likewise receyued the Crosse deferred his iourney for a tyme and sayling into Gaâ—…coigne mightily there subdued the kings enimies as Gascon de Bierne Also one Râ—…sâ—…eyn and William de Solares This yeare died Peter de Genevre Peter de Genevre a Prouancoys borne whom the king had preferred in maryage vnto the Ladie Mawde daughter and heyre of Walter Lacye a man of fayre possessions in Irelande Of which maryage there came issue a sonne and a daughter Also about whitsuntide dyed a noble Baron of the North Parties The deceasse Roger Fitz Iohn named the Lorde Roger Fitz Iohn whose sonne and heyre beyng yong was giuen in wardship to William de Valence the kings halfe brother Also this yeare Hugh Earle of March The death of Hugh le Brun. father to the same William de Valence dyed in Cypres whilest the French armie wintered there as then going into the holy lande In the feast of all Saintes the Archbishop Bonifacius was inthronizate at Canterburie An. reg 34. The Archb. of Canterburie intronizate and kept a solemne feast at the which the King Queene wish the more part of all the Prelates of the lande were present This yeare aboute the begynning of the Spring the kings brother the Earle of Cornewall with other noble men of the Realme as the Earle of Glocester Henrie Hauings Baron An ambassadâ—… lent to the Pope and Roger Thurkeby went ouer into Fraunce in Princely array and furniture to visite the Pope who helde his Court still at the Citie of Lion The Bishop of Lyncolne also and the Byshop of Worcester went thither For what cause the other went it was not openly knowne But the Bishop of Lyncolne went thither about such businesse as he had in hande agaynst the Templers Hospitalers and such other whiche had appealed from him to the Court of Rome where he coulde not bring his purpose to passe for his aduersaries with money had purchased the Iudges fauor And so the Bishop returned hauing spent his trauaile and money in vaine The king taketh on him the Crosse The .vj. of March being Sunday the king tooke vpon him the crosse with his brother William de Valence and a greate number of other noble men and amongst other the Abbot of Burie to the preiudice as was thought of his order The lord Roger de Monthault Roger de Mounthault a Baron of great honour meaning verily to goe in that iourney to recouer money towards hys necessarie furniture set and solde the moste part of his liuings His wooddes and possessions which he had about Couentry he solde and let to fee farme vnto the Couent there The like chieuance was made by sundrie noble men which prepared themselues to go in that iourney Vpon the .xxvij. day of Aprill those that had taken on them the Crosse assembled at Bermodsey besides London to treate of their setting forwarde determining that the same shoulde bee at Midsommer next but by the Popes letters which the king procured they were commaunded to stay till the king himselfe went Thus their iourney for that time was disappoynted There was of them and their retinues that ment thus to haue gone fiue C. knightes besides yeomen or demilances and other common soldiers in great numbers Gascon de Bierne submitteth himselfe to the K. Gascon de Bierne was so driuen to his shiftes by the high prowes of y e Erle of Leycester that in the ende he was constrayned to come ouer into England and submit himselfe to the king whom he found at Clarendon where he â—…ate such mercie at the kings handes that hee wâ—…s pardoned and restored to his landes But the Earle of Leycester put the king in possession of the Castels of Fronsacke The Earle of Leycester his seruice in Gascoigne Egremount and other and banished Rustein and William de Solaâ—…s with diuerse other stubburne and disloyall rebels depriuing them of their landes and inheritance in that Countrey The Bishop of Lincolne The Byshoppe of Lyncolne did excommunicate a priest within his dioces that was accused of incontinencie And bicause the same priest continued fortie dayes without seeking to bee reconciled the Bishop sent to the Sherif of Rutlande within whose Bayliwike the same Priest dwelled to apprehende him as a disobedient and rebellious person but the Sherif wynked at the matter and woulde not execute the Bishoppes commaundement wherevpon the Bishoppe did also excommunicate the Sherif whereof the king being enfourmed tooke displeasure and sending to the Pope
so great trust was put should go about any such treasons One of the letters was directed to sir Bertram de Claikin an other to the lord de la Riuer chamberlaine of France an other to the Lord 〈◊〉 and another to the patrone of the gallies and to the captaine of the armie of Frenchmen Spanyardes which at the same time wafting alongst the coastes did much hurt in diuerse places of the lande Forthwith the sayde Philpot and others were sent in post frouâ—… the king to the Duke of Lancaster that forsomuch as the sayd sir Raufe Ferrers was then in the north partes with hym intreating with the Scottes he should arrest him and put him in safe keeping which commaundement the Duke did accomplish and committed him to be safely kept in the Castell of Dâ—… but shortly after in the neâ—… Parliament he was set at libertie foure Barons being bound for hys forth comming till time that he might more euidently declare his innocence A parlament at NorthamtoÌ„ About the feast of S. Martyn was a Parliament holden at Northampton to the more trouble of them that came to it bycause in that season of the yere they were constrayned to come where there was no store of fewell to make them fiers and beside that lodgings were very straite for â—…o great a multitude But the cause that moued the Counsaile to appoynte this Parliament there was to the ende that they might the more surely proceede to the tryall of Iohn Kirkeby a Citizen of London Iohn Kerkby executed for â—…ing a merchant stranger that had murthered the Genewais as before ye haue heard which Kirkby was condemned at this Parliament and drawne and hanged in sight of the LoÌ„doners that were come thither which execution if it shoulde haue bene done at London the Lordes doubted least some tumult might haue beene raysed by the Citizens who were reckened in those dayes verie rashe and presumptuous in their doings â—…s â—…ty But nowe to the effect of this Parliament There was a new and straunge subsidie or taske graunted to be leuyed to the kings vse and towardes the charges of this armie that went ouer into Fraunce with the Earle of Buckingham to witte of euerie priest secular or regular sixe shillings .viij. pens and as much of euery Nunne and of euery man woman maried or not maried Twelue pens as â—…e haue beeing .xvj. yeares of age beggers certainly knowne onely excepted foure pens for euery one Great grudging and many a bitter curse followed about the leuying of this money and muche mischief rose thereof as after it appeared 1381 Tâ—… VVals In this fourth yere of king Richards raigne immediately after Christmasse Thomas Brantingham Bishop of Exeter and Lord Treasorer was discharged of hys office of Treasorershippe and Sir Robert Hales Lord of S. Iohns was aduaunced in his place a right noble and manly knight but not beloued of the Commons â—…us opâ—…ioÌ„ About this time did Iohn Wiclife chiefly set forth his opinion touching the Sacrament of the â—…ultaâ—… denying the doctrine of transubstantiation and that it ought not in any wise to be worshipped in such sort as the Church of Rome then did teach There were Auflâ—…donâ—…s sent into Germanie maâ—… to â—…te with the Emperour for a maryage to be as betwixt the king of Englande and the Emperors sister About the beginning of March they returned bringing with them the Cardinall intituled of Saint Pâ—…aâ—…dâ—… and the duke of Taâ—…ia other nobles that came froÌ„ the Emperor to â—…eat with the king his counsaile about the same mariage This Cardinal whitheâ—… he passed the bounds of his commission and authoritie to him graunted by the Pope as souâ—… write or whether hee was furnished with such 〈◊〉 The Cardinall of S. Praxede he was verye liberall in bestowing of â—…drdde to all suche as would come witâ—…â—… Indulgeners which the Pope had vsed only 〈◊〉 for himselfe to bestâ—… this man graunted the same liberally both Bicâ—…nals and Triemals Tryennals He gaue also letters coâ—…fosâ—…ionall to all those that would pay for them admitting aswell â—…ced men as other to 〈◊〉 Popes chaplaines Al for money He made notaries for money and denied not Auâ—…ers porâ—…anuâ—… to any that woulde pay for them Hee receyued fortie poundes besides other giftes of the Monkes of the Eisteaux order to graunt to them a generall lyceâ—… to eate flesh indifferently as well abrode as they had bene accustomed to doe at home within their Monasteries To those that were excommunicate he gaue absolution those that had vowed to goe in Pylgrimage to Rome to the holy lande or to Saint Iames he would not first release them till he had receyued so muche money according to the true valuation as they should haue spent in their iorneyes and to be briefe nothing coulde be asked but for money he was readie to graunt it And when he was requested to shew by what power hee did all these things wyth great indignation hee answered that hee woulde let them vnderstande at Rome if they woulde needes knowe the authoritie which hee had At length his Males were so filled with syluer that his seruants disdeyned to make them any answere except they brought golde saying bring vs golde for we are full of your siluer but at his departure he tooke all away with him both golde and siluer in such abundance as was marueylous But now to returne to other matters concerning the state of the realme After the returne of the Erle of Buckingham it was ordeined by aduice of couÌ„sail that the duke of Lancaster shoulde eftsoones go as ambassador froÌ„ K. Râ—… into ScotlaÌ„d to see if he might renue the truce which shortly would haue bin expired for three yeres longer Also whereas there was variaunce and open warre mainteyned betwixt Iohn king of Castille and Iohn king of Portingale the Earle of Cambridge An army sent into Portingale to aide the k. there against the king of Castile the Lord William de Beauchamp the Lorde Botreux and sir Mathew Gourney were sent into Portingale with fiue C. armed men and fiue hundred archers to ayd the king of Portingale against y e K. of Castille which was sonne to the basterde Henrie for the Duke of Lancaster reioyced greatly that hee might haue such a friende as the king of Portingale to ioyne with him in ayde agaynst the king of Castille meaning as soone as oportunity woulde serue to goe ouer with an armie to chalenge his right and pursue his clayme to the crowne of Castille and Leon agaynst the vsurper in ryght of hys wyfe Queene Constance eldest daughter to the late lawfull king Peter whome Henrie the bastarde as before ye haue heard did still persecute till he had bereft from him both his life and kingdome It was ment therefore that if the Duke of Lancaster coulde compasse his purpose for the whiche he went at that tyme into Scotlande to the honour of the king and Realme
they were exhorted by theyr confessours bestowed liberally of theyr goods to the furtheraunce of those that wente and so fewe there were within the whole kingdome but that eyther they went or gaue somewhat to the aduauncing foorth of the Bishop of Norwiche his voyage Which Bishop chose diuers to be associate with him The captaines that vveÌ„t vvith the Bishop of against the An-Norvviche atipape as Captains that were expert in warlike enterprises The first principal was sir Hugh Caluerley an old maÌ„ of warre one that in all places had borne himself both valiantly politikely Next vnto him was sir WilliaÌ„ Farington who stoutely spake in the Bishops cause when the matter came in question in the parliament house touching his going ouer with thys Croysey Beside these ther weÌ„t diuers noble meÌ„ and knightes of high renoune as the lord Henry Beaumount sir WilliaÌ„ Elmham and sir Thomas Triuet sir Iohn Ferrers sir Hugh SpeÌ„cer Froissart the bishops nephue by his brother sir Mathewe Redman captain of Barwicke Sir Nicholas Tarenson or Traicton sir William Farington and manye other of the Englishe nation and of Gascongne there wente le sire de Chasteauneuf and his brother sir Iohn de Chasteauneuf Raymund de Marsen Guillonet de Paux Gariot Vighier Iohn de Cachitan and diuers other Sir Iohn Beauchamp was appointed Marshal of the field but bicause he was at that present in the marches of the realme towards Scotland he was not readie to passe ouer when the Bishoppe did The Duke of Lancaster liked not wel of the Bishops iorney for that hee sawe howe hys voyage that he meant to make into Spayn was hereby for the tyme disappoynted and he coulde haue bin better contented as appeareth by writers to haue had the money imployed vpon the wartes agaynst the king of Castille that was a Clementine than to haue it bestowed vpon this voyage which the Bishop was to take in hande against the French king and other in this neerer parties Herevpon there were not many of the Nobilitie that offered to go with the Bishop But to saye somewhat of other thyngs that were concluded in this last parliament we fynd that the Fishmongers The statute againste Fishemongers repealed they restored to their liberties whiche through meanes of the late Lorde Maior Iohn of Northampton and his complices were put from theyr auncient customes and liberties whiche they enioyed aforetyme within the Citie were nowe restored to the same agayne sauing that they myght not keepe Courtes among themselues as in tymes past they vsed but that after the maner of other craftes and companies all transgressions offences and breaches of lawes and customs by them committed should be heard tryed and reformed in the Mayres Courte All thys winter the matter touching the gathering of mony towards the Croysey was earnestly applyed so that there was leuied what of the disme and by the deuotion of the people for obteyning of the pardon so muche as drewe to the summe of .xxv. thousand frankes When the Bishop therefore had set things in good forwardnesse for his iourney he drewe towardes the sea side and was so desirous to passe ouer The Byshoppe of Norvviche setteth forvvard vvith hys armye to inuade his aduersaries that althoughe the king sent to him an expresse coÌ„maundement by letters to returne to the Court that he might conferre with him before he toke the seas yet he excusing himselfe that the tyme would not then permit him to staye longer passed ouer to Caleys where he landed the .xxiij. of Aprill in thys vj. yeare of King Richards reigne Polidor The armye appoynted to attende him in this iourney rose to the number of .ij. M. horsmen and fifteene thousand footmen Froissart v. C. speares xv C. other as some write though other speak of a farre lesser number but it should seeme that they went not ouer all at one time but by parts as some before the Bishop some with him 〈◊〉 some after him And when he and theâ—… 〈◊〉 before named were come ouer to 〈…〉 tooke counsel togither into what place they 〈◊〉 make their first iâ—…asion and bicause 〈…〉 mission was to make warre onely against 〈◊〉 that held with Pope Clement theâ—… 〈◊〉 were of this mynde thaâ—… it should be most expedient for them to enter into Fraunce and to â—…ake warre against the Frenchemen whâ—… men knewe to be chiefe maynteyners of the sayd Clemente But the Bishop of Norwiche 〈◊〉 of this opinion that they coulde not doe 〈◊〉 than to inuade the countreye of Flaunders bycause that a little before Earle Lewes hauyng intelligence that king Richard had made a confederacie with them of Gaunt had in the 〈◊〉 part expulsed all Englishmen out of hiâ—…â—…nions and countreyes so that the 〈…〉 whiche hadde their goodes at Bruges and 〈◊〉 places in Flaunders susteyned great losses Though there were that replyed against the Bishops purpose herein The Byâ—… of Norvviâ—… inâ—…deth Flaunders as sir Hugh Calâ—…rley and others yet at length they yelded thereto and so by his commaundement they wente sâ—…ght to Grauelyn the .xxj. day of May and immediâ—… wan it by assault Ia. Meâ—… Whervpon Bruckburg was yelded vnto them the lyues and goodes of them within saued Then went they to Dunkirk DuÌ„kirâ—… vvâ—… and sâ—…ed by the englishmeÌ„ and without any great resistance entred the Towne and wanne there exceeding much by the spoyle for it was full of riches whiche the Englishmen pylfered at their pleasure The Earle of Flaunders lying at Lisle was aduertised how the englishmen were thus entred his countrey The Earle of Flaunders â—…deth to the Byshoppe of Norvvicâ—… to knovve the cause of his inuasion of FlauÌ„ders wherevpon he sent ambassadors vnto the English host to vnderstande why they made him warre that was a right Vrbanist The bishop of Norwich for aunswere declared to them that were sente that hee tooke the countrey to appertayne to the French king as he that had of late conquered it whom all the whole world knewe to be a Clementine or at the least he was assured that the countrey therabouts was of the inheritaÌ„ce of the lady of Bar which likewise was a Clementin therfore except the people of that countrey wold come and ioyne with hym to goe against such as were knowne to be enimies to Pope Vrban he would surely seeke to destroy them And where as the Earles ambassadoures required a safeconduct to go into Englande by Caleys to vnderstand the kings pleasure in this matter the bishop would grant them none at all wherefore they went back againe to the Erle their maister with that aunswere The Englishemen after the taking and spoyling of Dunkirke retourned to Grauelyn and Bruckburg whyche places they fortifyed and then leauyng garnysons in them they went to Marâ—… and 〈…〉 for it was not closed In the meane time the coâ—…ey men of West Flaunders rose in armour 〈◊〉 to Dunkirke meaning to resist the Englishmen
there were to â—…n of great and small to the number of an hundred vessels all fraught with winâ—… so that the 〈◊〉 was â—…unde 〈◊〉 the same 〈◊〉 nine thousand 〈◊〉 or rather as other haue Iâ—… 〈◊〉 Tho. VValf nyneteene thousand which togither with the vesselles were straight sente vnto Orwell hauen and to other hauens abroade in the Realme beside that whiche fell to the Kings share as due to hym by his prerogatiue The Citizens of Middlebourgh came to the Earle and requested him that they mighte buy those wines of him and pay for the same after the rate of an hundred shillings the tunne alledging how they were the kings friends and stoode in neede of wines but the Earle of Arundell thinking it more reason that those whiche hadde borne the charges of his iourney to witte the coÌ„mons of the Realme of England should haue the commoditie thereof than anye other hee denyed their sute The liberalitie of the Erle of Arundell but yet to shewe them some pleasure as his friendes hee gaue to them twentie tunnes to make merrie with As for that whiche fell to the Earles share he vsed suche bountifulnesse in bestowing it among his friends that he left not to himselfe so much as one tunne hee wanne therefore no small prayse that forbearing his owne commoditie which hee might haue reaped in selling those wines to straungers hee had more regard to the profit of the commons whereby they might vnderstand that that which they had layd forthe towardes the setting forward of this iourney was not altogither lost nor cast away Part of the Flemish fleete escaping as before yee haue heard was pursued vnto the hauen of Sluse and Blankerke Diuers roades made into Flaunders by the Englishmen greate spoyle done All the Countrey of Flaunders neere to the Sea coastes was in great feare for the Englishmen landed and euery daye wente abroade into the Countrey brenning diuers townes and villages as Mude Ostburg Houckam Monacharedam and others And at length after they had taken their pleasure in the Countrey for the space of tenne dayes togither they hoisted vp sailes and returned with all their pray and booties whiche beeing solde and vttered abroade in the Realme Wine solde for thirteene shillings four pence the tun made wine so plentifull heere in Englande that it was solde for thirteene shillings foure pence the tunne and twentie shillings the best and choisest The Earle of Arundel not satisfyed with this happie archieued enterprice but minding to doe more seruice to the benefite of hys Countreye gathered his Shippes togither and hyring newe Souldiers to supplye the roomthes of them that were hurte maimed or slayne turned his sayles towards the Castell of Brest whiche seemed to be a keye to the lesse Britaine and being as yee haue heard in the Englishmens possession the French menne were about to reyse vp and build farre greater and stronger bastillions The Earle of Arundell sayleth into Britayne with a great power than those were that the Duke of Lancaster had taken and destroyed as he sailed forward on his iourney toward Spayne one of these two new Bastilles y e Earle of Arundell wanne by force from them that kept it and bycause it seemed necessary to be kepte for a defence to the Castell if it were in the Englishmens hands hee committed it to the custodie of certaine Englishmen The other beyng not yet finished but begunne in sumptuous wise to be builded he set on fyre and brent This done furnishing the garrison with sufficient vittalles and munition to serue them for one whole yere hee returned home into Englande with greate prayse and commendations of the 〈…〉 his doings but the Duke of Irelande the Earle of Suffolke sir Simon de Burley and Sir Richarde Sturrie that still continued aboute the Kyng seemed rather to enuie the Earle of Arundels good name than otherwise 〈◊〉 the follower of veâ—…tue 〈…〉 to commend hym and others to the King that hadde beene foorthe in that iourney in so muche that when the Earle of Nottingham otherwise called Earle Marshall that had beene euer the Kyngs pleyfellowe and of equall age to hym came nowe to the Courte hoping to bee righte welcome and to receyue great thankes at the kings handes he hadde no good countenaunce shewed hym neyther of the King nor of the Duke of Irelande who disdeyning once to talke with hym seemed to enuie the worthy prowes in other whiche he knewe wanted in hymselfe Shortly after by the counsell of those Lordes and Knightes that remayned aboute the Kyng The Lorde Percy sent to the Seas the Lorde Henry Percy sonne to the Earle of Northumberlande was sente to the Seas to beate backe the attemptes of the enimies but hee was slenderly appoynted to atchieue anye greate enterprise and this was done of some enuious purpose bycause hee had got a name amoÌ„g the common people to be a right hardie and valiant Gentleman as well among Englishmen as Scottes But he eyther ignorant or not much waying of that whiche they craftely had imagined againste him boldly and valiantly executed the businesse enioyned hym and hauing remayned abroade during the whole time of hys appoynted seruice returned safely home Aboute the same time a Frier Carmelite named Walter Disse that had bene confessor to the Duke of Lancaster obteyned in fauoure of the same Duke at Pope Vrbanes hands certayne faculties to be distributed to such as would pray and pay for them Among other of those faculties one was in make al those whome he thought good the Popes Chaplaynes according to forme of law and the custome vsed in the Court of Rome Nowe bycause such as obteyned this fauour enioyed great liberties many were glad to bestowe largely to be so preferred the Frier being ready to admitte those that offered most Amongst other that thus fauoured this cause The fauourers of Frier Pateshull were diuers Knightes as Sir William Neuill Sir Lewis Clifford Sir Iohn Clanbowe Sir Richard Sturry and sir Thomas Latimer and the chiefest of all was one sir Iohn Montague who caused all the Images to bee taken downe and set aside in corners which Iohn Aubrey and his successor sir Alane Buxhull or any their ancestors had set vp in their Chappell of Chenelcy Aboute the same time the Duke of Irelande soughte to bee diuorsed from his lawfull wife a trimme yong Lady daughter to the Lady Isabell that was one of King Edwarde the thyrde his daughters and tooke to wife one Lancegrone a Bohemer one of the Queenes maydes by reason whereof greate occasion of slaunder and reproch grewe and diuers Lords specially y e Duke of Gloucester that was vncle to the Ladye that was forsaken tooke greate displeasure heerewith But sith the King allowed of all the Duke of Irelandes doyngs the Duke of Gloucester dissembled such iniuries done to his neece for the time till oportunitie mighte serue to reuenge the same The Duke of Irelande vnderstoode all these things and
therefore was the more circumspect for his owne safetie and studyed howe by some meanes he mighte dispatche the Duke of Gloucester out of the way as the man whome he most feared least his life shoulde be his destruction by one meanes or other Easter was nowe past the tyme as yee haue hearde appoynted before the which the Duke of Irelande should haue transported ouer into Irelande and yet was hee not set forward but least somewhat myght be thought in the matter and for feare of some sturre to be raysed by the Lords of the Realme that wished him gone accordyng to the order prescribed at the last Parliament Dissention betwixt the Kyng and the nobles the King as it were to bring hym to the water side wente with him into Wales where beeyng out of the way they myghte deuise how to dispatche the Duke of Gloucester the Earles of Arundell Warwike Darbye and Nottingham with others of that faction There were with the King besyde the Duke of Ireland Michael de la Pole Earle of Suffolke Roberte Trisilian Lorde chiefe Iustice and diuers other whiche doubtfull of theyr owne safegardes dyd what they coulde as writers reporte to moue the King forwarde to the destruction of those noble men After the Kyng had remayned in those parties a good while hee returned An. reg â—… and broughte the Duke of Irelande backe with him agayne so that it semed hys boyage into Ireland was now quite forgotten Addition to Paâ—… Memorand that the fiue and twentith daye of August in the eleuenth yeare of the raigne of King Richard the second at the Castell of Nottingham aforesayde Roberte Trisilian Lorde chiefe Iustice of Englande Roberte Belknap Lord chiefe Iustice of the common pleas Iohn Holte Roger Fulthorp and WilliaÌ„ Borough Knightes and associates of the sayde Roberte Belknap and Iohn Lockton one of the Kyngs sergeants at the lawe beeing personally required in presence of the Lordes and other witnesses vnder written by our sayd soueraigne Lorde the Kyng in that faith and allegiance in whiche to him they were bounden that they shoulde truely aunswere to certayne questions vnderwritten and vpon the same by their discretions to say the lawe Firste it was asked of them whether the newe statute Question in laws demided 〈◊〉 the Iustice ordinaunce and commission made in the last Parliament holden at Westminster bee hurtfull to the kings prerogatiue Wherevnto all of one minde aunswered that they were hurtfull and specially bycause they bee agaynste the kings will Item it was enquired of them howe they oughte to bee punished that procured the sayde Statute ordinance and Comission to be made Wherevnto with one assent they answered that they deserued death except the King of his grace would pardon them Item it was enquired how they ought to be punished whiche moued the King to consente to the making of the said statute ordinance and coÌ„mission Wherevnto they aunswered that vnlesse the King woulde giue them his pardon they ought to lose their liues Item it was enquired of them what punishment they deserued that compelled the Kyng to the making of that statute ordinance and commission Wherevnto they gaue aunswere that they ought to suffer as Traytors Item it was demaunded of them howe they ought to bee punished that interrupted the Kyng so that hee myghte not exercise those things that apperteyned to his regaltie and prerogatiue Wherevnto aunswere was made that they ought to be punished as Traytors Item it was enquired of them whether that after the affayres of the Realme and the cause of the callyng togither the states to the Parliamente were once by the Kyngs commaundemente declared and opened and other articles on the Kyngs behalfe limitted vppon whyche the Lordes and commons of the Realme ought to intreate and proceede if the Lordes neuerthelesse woulde proceede vpon other articles and not meddle with those articles which the Kyng hadde limited till time the King hadde aunswered the Articles proponed by them notwithstanding the Kyng enioyned them to the contrarie Whether in this case the Kyng myghte rule the Parliament and cause them to proceede vppon the Articles by hym limited before they proceede any further To whyche question it was aunswered that the Kyng shoulde haue in thys parte the rule for order of all suche articles to be prosecuted vntill the ende of the Parliamente And if any presumed to goe contrary to this rule he was to be punished as a traytor Item it was asked whether the King when so euer it pleased hym myghte not dissolue the Parliamente and commaunde the Lordes and commons to depart from thence or not Wherevnto it was aunswered that hee might Item it was inquired that for asmuche as it was in the Kyng to remoue suche Iustices and officers as offende and to punishe them for theyr offences Whether the Lordes and commons myghte without the Kings wil impeache the same officers and Iustices vpoÌ„ their offences in Parliament or not To this aunswere was made that they myghte not and hee that attempted contrarye was to suffer as a Traytor Item it was enquired howe hee is to bee punished that moued in the Parliamente that the statute wherein Edwarde the sonne of Kyng Edwarde greate grandfather to the Kyng that nowe is was endited in Parliamente myght be sente for by inspection of whyche Statute the sayde newe statute or ordinaunce and commission were conceyued and deuised in the Parliament To whiche question with one accorde as in all the residue they aunswered that as well hee that so summoned as the other whyche by force of the same motion broughte the sayde Statute into the Parliamente house be as publique offendors and Traytors to bee punished Item it was enquired of them whether the Iudgemente giuen in the Parliament agaynste Michael de la Pole Earle of Suffolke were erronious and reuocable or not To which question likewise with one assente they sayd that if the same iudgement were nowe to bee giuen the Iustices and Sergeaunte aforesayde woulde not gyue the same bycause it seemed to them that the sayde iudgemente is reuocable and erronious in euery part In witnesse whereof the Iustices and Sergeaunte aforesayde to these presentes haue set there seales these beeing witnesses Alexander Archbyshop of Yorke Roberte Archbyshoppe of Dublin Iohn Byshop of Durham Thomas Byshop of Chester Iohn Byshoppe of Bangor Robert Duke of Irelande Mighell Earle of Suffolke Iohn Rypon Clearke and Iohn Blake Tho. VVals Now beside these Iustices and Sergeaunte there were called at that presente vnto Notingham all other Iustices of the Realme and the Sherifes Also diuers of the Citie of London which the King knewe would encline to his will the rather for that some of them hauing aforetime confessed treason against the King by them imagined and obteyning pardon for the same were ready at his commaundemente to recompence suche fauoure in the accomplishmente of what soeuer they knewe myghte stand with hys pleasure Heerevppon they beeing enpanelled to enquire
that it stood neither with his safetie nor honor so lightly to agree to depart froÌ„ the tower vnto such place as the Lordes had thus appoynted him to serue more for their purpose thaÌ„ for suretie of his person When the Lords therefore vnderstood that he would not keepe promise with them they were greatly offended insomuch as they sent him flat word that if he woulde not come according to promise they would surely choose an other king that would and ought to obey the faythful counsaile of his Lordes The king with this message being touched to the quicke The K. is compelled to condiscend to the lords requests to satisfie their mindes and to auoyde further perill remoued the nexte morning vnto Westminster where the Lords comming before his presence after a little other talke they declared vnto him that aswel in respect of his own honour as the commoditie and wealth of his kingdome it was behouefull that such traytors most wicked and slanderous persons as were nothing profitable but hurtful to him and his louing subiects should be remoued out of his court and that other that both could and would serue him more honorably and faythfully were placed in theyr rowmthes The king although sore agaynst his minde when he sawe how the Lordes were bent and that he wanted power to withstande theyr pleasures condiscended to doe what they woulde haue him And so when he had graunted thereto they iudged that Alexander Neuill Archbishop of Yorke Iohn Fourdham Bishop of Durham Lord Treasorer Thomas Rushoke a Frier of the order of the Preachers Bishop of Chichester and confessor to the king were worthie to bee auoyded the Court But the Archbishop 〈…〉 and the Bi. of Chichester would 〈…〉 â—…nings but got them out of the way 〈…〉 was not knowne whither The Lordes expâ—…sed also out of 〈…〉 Lord Zouche of Haringworth Câ—… 〈…〉 the 〈◊〉 the L. Bâ—… the Lord Beaumont Albrey de Vter Bâ—…in de Bereford Richard Aâ—…burie Iohn Worth Thomas Clyfford and Iohn Loâ—…ell â—…ightes These were dismissed out of the Court and remoued from the king but not discharged for they were constreyned to put in sureties â—…o appâ—… the nâ—…t Parliament There were also certaine Ladies 〈…〉 Court Câ—… 〈◊〉 expulsed the Court. as those that were thought to doe 〈…〉 harme about the K. to wit the Ladie Pâ—…ynings wife to Iohn Worth of Mowen and 〈…〉 Moulinge with others which also 〈…〉 to answere at the next Parliament 〈…〉 things as might be obiected agaynst 〈◊〉 Moreouer there were arrested 〈…〉 seuerall prisons sir Simon Burley The 〈…〉 those that 〈◊〉 câ—…mâ—…ed 〈◊〉 prison by the Lords Wil. â—…mham Iohn Beauchampe of Hoâ—… steward of the kings house sir Iohn Salisburie sir Thâ—… Tauet sir Iames Barneis sir Nichol. Dagworth sir Nicolas Brambre knights Also Richarde Clifford Iohn Lincolne Ric. Mitford the kings chaplains Nic. Sclake deaue of the kings chapel whose worde might doe much in the Court There was also appreheÌ„ded Iohn Blaâ—… apprentice of the law al which persons were kept to strait ward till the next ParliameÌ„t in which they were appointed to staÌ„d vnto their trial answers Shortly after to witte the morrow after the Purification of our lady the Parliament begâ—…n The parâ—… that wrought wonders the which was named the ParliameÌ„t y t wrought wonders The king would gladly haue proroged the time of this ParliameÌ„t if by any meanes he might Grafton Grafton Tho. VVal. The Lordes came to the same Parliament with a sufficieÌ„t armie for their owne safeties The first day of this Parliament were arested as they sate in their places Grafton all the Iustices except sir William Skipworth as sir Roger Fulthrop sir Robert Belknap The Iustices a â—…ed and sent to the tower sir Iohn Carey sir Iohn Holt sir William Brooke Iohn Alocton the kings Sergeant at law all the whiche were sent to the Tower and there kept in seuerall places The cause why they were thus appreheÌ„ded was for that where in the last Parliament diuerse Lordes were made gouerners of the realme both by the assent of the same Parliament Why the Iustices were apprehended and also by the aduise couÌ„sail of all the Iustices then being and Indentuces tripertite thereof made of the which one part remayned with the king an other with the Lordes so chosen to gouerne the realme and the thirde part with the Iustices and yet notwithstanding the sayde Iustices at a Councell holden at Notingham as ye haue heard before didde goe contrarie to that agreement Wherevpon it was nowe determyned that they shoulde make answere to theyr doings Moreouer in the beginning of this Parliament The Duke of 〈◊〉 and his â—…ates attayned of treason by this parliament were openly called Robert Veer Duke of Ireland Alexander Neuill Archbishop of York Michaell de la Poole Earle of Suffolke sir Robert Trisilian Lorde chiefe Iustice of Englande to answere Thomas of Woodstocke Duke of Gloucester Rycharde Earle of Arundell Henrie Earle of Darbie and Thomas Earle of Notingham vpon certaine articles of high treason which these Lordes did charge them with and forasmuche as none of these appeared it was ordeyned by the whole assent of the Parliament that they shoulde be banished for euer and theyr landes and goodes moueable and vnmoueable to be forfeyt and seysed into the kings handes theyr landes entayled onely excepted Shortly after was the Lorde chiefe Iustice Robert Tresilian founde founde in a Pothecaries house at Westminster lurking there Tresilian chief iustice discried by his own maÌ„ is executed at Tiburn to vnderstande by spyes dayly what was done in the Parliament he was discried by one of his owne men and so taken and brought to the Duke of Gloucester who caused him forthwith the same day to be had to the Tower and from thence drawne to Tyburne and there hanged The morrow after sir Nicholas Brambre that sometime had beene Maior of London was brought forth to iudgement and condemned although he had many friendes that made suyte to saue his life This man had done many oppressions within the Citie of London as was reported In his Mayraltie he caused great and monstruous Stoks to be made to imprison men therin and also a common Axe to strike off the heades of them whiche shoulde resist hys wyll and pleasure for hee was so highly in the kings fauour that he might doe what he woulde And the report went that hee had caused eight thousande or more to be indited which before had taken part with the Lordes intending to haue put theÌ„ all to death if God had not shortned his days Many other euill fauoured reportes went abrode of him as that hee ment to haue chaunged the name of London and to haue named it little Troy of which citie baptised with y e new name he purposed to bee intituled Duke But these were forged rumors deuised and spred abrode in those dayes as many other were partly by
the table next to the king on his right hand in the hall the day of his coronation and for their fees to haue the foresayde Canapie of golde with the belles and staues notwithstanding the Abbot of Westminster claymed the same Edmond Chambers claymed and obteyned the office of principall Larderer for him and his Deputies by reason of his manour of Skulton Edmond Chambers otherwise called Burdellebin SkultoÌ„ in the couÌ„tie of Norffolke Thus was euery man appoynted to exercise such office as to him of right apperteyned or at the least was thought requisite for the time present On the Monday then next ensuing when the states were assembled in Parliament order was taken that by reason of such preparation as was to be made for the coronation they shoulde sit no more till the morow after Saint Edwards day On the Sunday following being the euen of Saint Edwarde the newe King lodged in the Tower and there made xivj knightes of the Bathe to witte Three of his sonnes Knightes of the Bath The Earle of Arundell The Earle of Warwickes sonne The Earle of Stafforde Two of the Earle of Deuonshires sonne The Lorde Beaumont The Lorde Willoughbies brother The Earle of Staffordes brother The Lorde Camois his sonne The Lorde of Maule Thomas Beauchampe Thomas Pelham Iohn Luttrell Iohn Listey William Hankeford Iustice William Brinchley Iustice Bartholmew Racheforde Giles Danbeney William Butler Iohn Ashton Richarde Sanape Iohn Tiptost Richard Frances Henrie Percy Iohn Arundell William Stralle Iohn Turpington Aylmere Saint Edwarde Hastings Iohn Greissley Gerard Satill Iohn Arden Robert Chalons Thomas Dymocke Hungerforde Gibethorpe Newporte and dyuerse other to the number of .xlvj. The L. Maior of London On the Morrowe beeing Saint Edwardes day and .xiij. of October the Lord Maior of LoÌ„don road towards the Tower to atteÌ„d the king with diuerse worshipfull Citizens clothed all in red and from the Tower the king ridde through the Citie vnto Westminster where he was sacred annoynted and crowned king by the Archbishop of Canterburie with all ceremonies and royall solemnitie as was due and requisite The Earle of 〈◊〉 carried â—…ngs preâ—… Though all other reioysed at his aduauncement yet surely Edmonde Mortimer Earle of March which was cousin and heyre to Lionell duke of Clarence the thirde begotten sonne of king Edwarde the thirde and Richard Earle of Cambridge sonne to Edmonde duke of Yorke whiche had maried Anne sister to the same Edmond were with these doings neither pleased nor contented Insomuch that now the deuision once begon the one linage ceassed not to persecute the other till the heyres males of both the lynes were clearly destroyed and extinct At the day of the coronation to the intent hee shoulde not seeme to take vpon him the crowne scepter royall by plaine extort power and iniurious intrusion Edward erle 〈◊〉 â—…er vn â—…ly faâ—…d 〈◊〉 â—…amed â—…ack he was aduised to make his tytle as heyre to Edmond surnamed or vntruly feyned Crouchbacke sonne to king Henry the third and to say that the said Edmond was elder brother to king Edward the first and for his deformitie put by from the crowne to whoÌ„ by his mother Blanch daughter sole heyre to Henry duke of Lancaster he was next of bloud and vndoubted heyre But bycause not only his friends but also his priuie enimies knew that this was but a forged title considering they were surely enformed not onely that the sayde Edmonde was yonger son to king Henrie the thirde but also had true knowledge that EdmoÌ„d was neither crooke backed nor a deformed persoÌ„ but a goodly gentleman a valiant captain so much fauored of his louing father that he to preferre him in mariage to the Queene Dowager of Nauarre hauing a great liuelode gaue to him the countie Palatine of Lancaster with many notable honours high seigniories and large priuiledges Therefore they aduised him to publish it that hee chalenged the realme not onely by conquest but also bycause he was by king Richarde adopted as beyre and declared by resignation as his lawfull successor being next heyremale to him of the bloud royall But to proceede to other doings the solemnitie of the coronation being ended the morrow after being Tuesday the ParliameÌ„t began again Sir Iohn Cheny speaker of the parliameÌ„t dismissed and Wil. Durward admitted and y e next day sir Iohn Cheyny that was speaker excusing himselfe by reason of his infirmitie sicknesse not to be able to exercise that roumth was dismissed and one William Durward esquire was admitted herewith were the acts established in the Parliament of the .xxj. yere of king Richardes raigne repealed and made voyde Acts repealed and the ordinances deuised in the Parliament holden the .xj. yeare of the same king confirmed Acts coÌ„firmed againe established for good and profitable The same day the kings eldest sonne the Lord Henrie by assent of all the states in the Parliament was created Prince of Wales Duke of Cornwall and Erle of Chester then being of the age of .xij. yeares Vpon the Thursday the commons came and rehersed all the errors of the last Parliament holden in the .xxj. yeare of king Richard and namely in cetaine fiue of them First that where the king that nowe is was readie to arraigne an appeale agaynst the Duke of Norffolke he doing what apperteyned to hys dutie in that behalf was yet banished afterwards without any reasonable cause Secondly the Archbishop of Canterburie Metropolitane of the Realme was foreiudged without answere Thirdly the duke of Gloucester was murthered and after foreiudged Fourthly where the Earle of Arundell alledged his Charter of pardon the same might not be allowed Fifthly that all the power of that euill Parliament was graunted and assigned ouer to certaine persons and sithe that such heynous errors coulde not be coÌ„mitted as was thought without the assent and aduice of them that were of the late kings counsaile they made sure that they might be put vnder arrest and committed to safe keping till order might be further taken for them Thus much adoe there was in this Parliament specially about them that were thought to be guiltie of the duke of Gloucesters death and of the condemning of the other Lords that were adiudged traytors in the foresayde late Parliament holden in the sayde .xxj. yeare of king Richardes raigne Fabian Sir Iohn bagot discloseth secretes Sir Iohn Bagot knight then prisoner in the tower disclosed many secrets vnto the which he was priuie and being brought one day to the barre a bill was read in Englishe whiche hee had made conteyning certaine euill practises of king Richard and further what great affection y e same king bare to the duke of Aumarle insomuch that he heard him say that if he shuld renounce the gouernment of the kingdom he wished to leaue it to the said duke as to the most able maÌ„ for wisdome and manhood of all other for though he could like better of the duke of
not a man apt to the gouernemente of a Realme wanting both witte and stomacke sufficient to supply the roomth which he held Many of the high estates not liking y e world and disalowing the actes and doings both of the King and his counsaile determined to practise howe things might come to some alteration When the Duke vnderstoode their mindes he chiefly entertayned and wanne the fauour of two Neuilles and both named Richarde He 〈◊〉 hymself with the Neuilles the one Earle of Salisburie and the other Earle of Warwike the first being the father and y e second the sonne This Earle of Salisburie was second sonne to Raufe Neuill Earle of Westmerland whose daughter the Duke of Yorke had married The sister of Rich. Neuille erle of Salisbury and the sayde Richard was espoused to Lady Alice the only childe and sole heire of Thomas Montacute Earle of Salisburie slayne at the siege of Orleans as before is declared of which woman he begate Richarde Iohn and George Richard the eldest sonne espoused Anne the sister heyre of the entire bloud to Lord Henry Beauchamp Earle and after Duke of Warwike in whose right and title he was created and named Erle of Warwike This man through a certaine naturall inclination and practise did so set forward a sortâ—… good qualities whiche rested in him with wittie and gentle demeanor towards all maner of persons both of high and lowe degree that he grew into suche fauoure and estimation amongst the common people The descriptioÌ„ of the erle of Warwike that they iudged him able to do all things that without hym nothing could be well done For whiche causes his authoritie so farfoorth increased that whiche way he bowed that way ranne the streame and what parte hee tooke that sayde got the game When the Duke of Yorke hadde fastened hys chaine betwene these two strong pillers An. reg .33 he with his frendes wrought so effectuously and handled his businesse so politikely The duke of Somerset arrested that the Duke of Somerset was arrested in the Quenes great chamber and sente to the Towre of London where he kept his Christmasse without great solemnitie against whome in open Parliamente were layd diuers and heynous articles of high treason 1455 as wel for the losse of Normandie as for the late mischance which happened in Guyenne The king at y e time was sicke at Clarendon and conueyed to London by reason whereof no fynall determination proceeded in thys weightie cause but all was put in suspence tyll the next assemblie of the high Court of Parliamente VVeâ—…amsted Wee finde in some Writers that whilest the K. was sicke the D. of Yorke bare all the rule gouerned as Regent or Viceroy by authoritie committed to him by the Lords of the Realme then assembled in counsell to see to the preseruation and good gouernemente of the common wealth The king sick during the time of that y e kings sicknes which was so greeuous that hee lay senselesse and was not able for a time either to goe or stande The Duke of Yorke therefore hauing obteyned an absolution of the Pope to discharge him of his oth before taken did now discouer the sparkes of his hatred hid vnder the ashes of dissimulation against the D. of Somerset but yet when the K. had recouered strength againe and resumed to hym hys former princely gouernemente eyther of hys owne mynde or by the Queenes procurement The duke of Somerset sette at libertie hee caused the Duke of Somerset to be set at libertie by whiche doyng great enuie displeasure grew And to aggrauat more the malice of the D. of Yorke his frieÌ„ds the Queene whiche then bare the chiefe rule caused the Duke of Somerset to be preferred to the Captaineshippe of Calaice He is made de â—…ie of Caleis wherewith not only the commons but also many of the nobilitie were greately greeued and offended saying that he had lost Normandie and so would he do Calaice The Duke of Yorke and his adherentes perceyuing that neither exhortation serued nor accusatioÌ„ preuailed against the Duke of Somerset determined to reuenge their quarrell and obteyne their purpose by open warre and so he being in the marches of Wales The duke of Yorke assembled an army accompanyed with his speciall friends the Earles of Salisburie and Warwike the Lorde Cobham and others assembled a power and like warlike persons marched toward London The King enformed heereof assembled lykewise a great host meaning to meete with the Duke rather in the North parts than about London where it was thought he had too many friends with great speede and small lucke being accompanied with the Dukes of Somerset and Buckingham the Earles of Pembroke Stafford VVhethaÌ„sted Northumberlande Deuonshire Dorset Wilshire the Lords Clifford Sudley Berneis Roos and others beeing in all aboue two thousande men of warre departed from Westminster the twentith or as some haue the one and twentith of May and laye the firste nighte at Wadford Of whose doings the Duke of Yorke by espials hauing still aduertisement with al his power beeing not past three thousande men as some write coasted the Countrey and came to the said Towne of Saint Albons the third day next ensuing The King had pight his Standert in a place called Goselowe otherwise Sandiford in Saint Peeters streete the Lord Clifforde kept the barriers of the Towne to stoppe that the D. being asseÌ„bled in Keye fielde shuld not enter y e towne But the King wheÌ„ he heard first of y e Dukes approche sente to him messengers as the Duke of Buckingham and others to vnderstaÌ„d what he meant by his comming VVhethaÌ„sted thus furnished after the manner of warre The Duke of Buckingham doing his message as hee had in commaundement The duke of Buckingham sent to the D. of Yorke was aunswered by the Duke of Yorke and his complices that they were all of them the Kings faithfull liege subiects and intended no harme to him at all and the cause of our comming hither say they is not to doe anye hurt to his person but let that wicked and naughtie man the Duke of Somerset bee deliuered vnto vs who hathe lost Normandie The Duke of Somerset burdened with all thinges that had happened amisse and taken no regard to the preseruation of Gascoigne yea and furthermore hath brought this Realme of England vnto this miserable estate that where it was the floure of nations and the Princesse of all prouinces now doth it sitte as a widowe forsaken not hauyng any louing sonnes but suche whome that euill man seeketh to destroy and to deuoure both theÌ„ and their substance if it therefore please the kyng to deliuer him into our handes wee are readye without trouble or breach of peace to returne in quiet home into our Countrey but if the Kyng be not minded so to doe but denye our request bycause he will by no
of Yorke and Lancaster I shall likewise not only declare and manifest vnto you al my open actes attemptes and doings but also my priuie entents and secret cogitations To the intent that as you haue vnbuckeled youre bouget of your priuie meanings secrete purposes to me so shal all my clowdy workyng close deuises and secrete imaginations bee as cleere as the sunne reuealed opened and made lightesome to you And to beginne I declare That when King Edwarde was deceased to whome I thought my selfe little or nothing beholden although we two hadde maried two sisters bycause he neither promoted nor preferred me as I thought I was worthy and had deserned neither fauored nor regarded me according to my degree and birthe for surely I had by him little authoritie and lesse rule and in effect nothing at all which caused me lesse to fauour his children bycause I founde small humanitie or none in their parent I then began to study and with rype deliberation to ponder and to consider howe and in what manner this Realme should be ruled gouerned And first I remembred an olde prouerbe worthy of memorie that often ruith the Realme where children rule and women gouerne This olde adage so sanke and settled in my head that I thought it a great error and extreame mischiefe to the whole realme either to suffer the yong Kyng to rule or the Queene his mother to be a gouernoure once him considering that hir breethren and hir firste children although they were not extract of hygh and noble lynage toke more vpon them more exalted themselues by reason of the Queene than did the Kings breethren or anye Duke in his Realme which in conclusion turned to their confusion Then I beeing perswaded with my selfe in this poynt thought it necessarie both for the publique profitable wealth of this Realme and also for myne owne commoditie and emolument to take parte with the Duke of Gloucester whome I assure you I thought to bee as cleane without dissimulation as tractable without iniurie as merciful without crueltie as now I know him perfectly to be a dissembler without veritie a Tyraunt without pitie yea and worse than the tyraunt Phâ—…leres destitute of all trueth and clemencie and so by my meanes at the first Counsayle holden at London when hee was most suspected of that thing that after happened as you my Lord know well ynough hee was made Protector and defender both of the King and of the Realme whiche authoritie once gotten and the two children partly by policie brought vnder his gouernaunce bee beeing moued with that gnawing and couetous serpente desired to raigne and neuer ceassed priuily to exhort and require yea and sometimes with minatorie tearmes to perswade mee and other Lordes as well spirituall as temporall that hee might take vppon him the Crowne till the Prince came to the age of foure and twenty yeares and were able to gouerne the Realme as a rype and sufficient King which thing when he sawe mee somewhat sticke at both for the strangenesse of the example bycause no suche president had bene seene and also bycause we remembred that men once ascended to the highest tipe of honour and authoritie will not gladly discende againe hee then brought in instruments autentike doctors proctors and notaries of the law with depositions of diuers witnesses testifying King Edwards children to be basterds whiche depositioÌ„s then I thought to be as true as now I knowe them to be fayned and testifyed by persons with rewards vntruely subornate When the said depositions were before vs redde and diligently hearde he stoode vp bareheaded saying Well my lords euen as I and you sage and discrete counsaylers would that my nephew shoulde haue no wrong so I pray you do me nothing but righte For these witnesses and sayings of famous doctors being true I am onely the vndubitate heire to Lord Richard Plantagenet Duke of Yorke adiudged to bee the verye heire to the Crowne of this Realme by authoritie of Parliament whiche things so by learned men to vs for a veritie declared caused me and other to take him for our lawfull and vndoubted Prince and soueraigne Lord. For well wee knew that the Duke of Clarence sonne by reason of the attaynder 〈◊〉 his father was disabled to inherite and also the Duke himselfe was named to be a basterd as I my selfe haue heard spoken and that vpon great presumptions more times than one so agayne by my ayde and fauoure hee of a protector was made a King and of a subiect made a gouernor at whiche time hee promised me on his fidelitie laying his hande in mine at Baynard Castell that the two yong Princes should liue and that he would so prouide for them and so maynteine them in honorable estate that I and all the Realme ought and shoulde bee content But when he was once Crowned Kyng and in full possession of the whole Realme he cast away his olde conditions as the adder doth hir skinne verifying the olde prouerbe Honours change manners as the parishe Prieste remembreth that hee was neuer parish clearke For when I my selfe sued to hym for my parte of the Earle of Hare-fords landes whiche his brother King Edwarde wroÌ„gfully deteyned and withheld from me and also required to haue the office of the high Connestableship of Englande as diuers of my noble auncesters before this time haue hadde and in long discent continued in this my first sure shewing his good mind toward me he did not only firste delay me and afterward denay mee but gaue me such vnkynd words with such taunts and retauntes yee in manner checke and checke mate to the vttermost proofe of my pacience as though I had neuer furthered him but hindered him as though I had put him downe and not set hym vp yet all these ingratitudes and vndeserued vnkindnesse I bare closely and suffered paciently and couertly remembred outwardly dissimuling that I inwardly thoughte and so with a paynted countenaunce I passed the laste summer in his last companie not without many faire promises but withoute anye good deedes But when I was credibly enformed of y e death of the two yong innocents his owne naturall nephewes contrarie to his faith and promise to the which God be my iudge I neuer agreed nor condiscended O Lord how my veynes panted how my body trembled and my heart inwardly grudged in somuch that I so abhorred the sight and muche more the companie of him that I coulde no longer abide in his Courte excepte I should be openly reuenged The ende whereof was doubtfull and so I fayned a cause to depart and with a merrie countenaunce and a despitefull heart I tooke my leaue humbly of him he thinking nothing lesse than that I was displeased and so returned to Brecknock to you But in that iourney as I returned whether it were by the inspiracion of the holy Ghost or by Melanculous disposition I had diuers and sundry imaginacions howe to depriue this vnnaturall vncle and bloudy
Plimmouth where he inteÌ„ded to take his nauigatioÌ„ sent out of KeÌ„t Tho. Rame with y e same instructions both made such diligence and had such wind weather y e one by land froÌ„ Calais the other by water from Plimmouth y t within lesse than an houre both arriued in y e D. of Britaines court spake with the Erle of RichmoÌ„d which froÌ„ the death of K. Edward went at hys pleasure and libertie to him counted manifested y e cause effect of their message and ambassade When y e Erle had receiued this ioyful message whiche was the more pleasaunt bycause it was vnloked for he rendred to Iesu his sauioure his most humble harty thaÌ„kes being in firme credence beliefe y t such things as he with busie mind laborious intent had wished and desired coulde neuer haue taken any effect without the help preferment of almightie God And nowe being put in comfort of his long longing he did communicate and breake to the D. of Britaine all his secretes and priuie messages which were to him declared aduertising him that he was entered into a sure and stedfast hope to obteyne and get the â—…ne a â—…ingdome of the realme of England desiring him both of his good wyll and friendly helpe toward the atchieuing of hys officed enterprise promising 〈◊〉 when he came to his intented purpose to render to him againe equall kindnesse and condigne recompence Although the Duke of Brytaine before that day by Thomas Hutton Ambassador from king Richard had both by money and prayers beene solicited and moued to put again into safe custodie the Erle of Richmonde he neuerthelesse promised faythfully to ayde him and his promise he truely performed 1485 Wherevpon the Earle with all diligence sent into England again Hugh Conway Aâ—… reg 3. and Thomas Rame whiche should declare his comming shortly into England to the intent that al things which by counsaile might be for his purpose prouided should be speedily and diligently done and that all things doubtfull should of his friends bee prudently foreseene in auoyding all engines and snares which king Richarde had or might set in disturbance of his purpose and hee in the meane season woulde make his abode still in Brytaine till all things necessarie for his iourney were prepared and brought in a readinesse In the meane season the chiefraines of the coniuration in Englande began togither many enterprises Some in conuenient fortresses put strong garnisons some kept armed men priuily to the intente that when they shoulde haue knowledge of the Earles landing they woulde beginne to styrre vppe the warre Other did secretly moue and solicite the people to rise and make an insurrection Other amongst whome Iohn Morton Bishop of Elie then being in FlaÌ„ders was chiefe by priuie letters and cloked messengers did stirre and moue to this new coniuration al such which they certainly knew to haue a rooted hatred or to beare a caÌ„kred malice toward king Richard and his proceedings Although this great enterprise were neuer so priuily handled and so secretly amongst so circumspect persons treated compassed and conueyed yet knowledge thereof came to the eares of king Richard who with the sodaine chaunce was not a little moued and astonied First bycause he had no host readie prepared secondly if he shoulde raise an army so sodainlye hee knewe not were to meete his enimies or whither to go or where to tary Wherfore he determined to dissemble the matter as though hee knew nothing till hee had assembled his hoste and in the meane season eyther by y e rumor of the coÌ„mon people or by the diligence of his espials to search out all the counsailes determinations entents and compasses of his close aduersaries or else by policie to intercept and take some person of the same coniuration considering that there is 〈◊〉 â—…e nor hid esâ—…ll than that which lurketh in dissimulation of knowledge and intelligence or is hidden in name and 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 humanitie and feyned kindnesse The duke of Buckingham conspireth agaynst King Richard And bycause hee knewe the Duke of Buckingham to be the chiefe heade and ayde of the coniuâ—…tion he thought it moste necessarie to plucke him from that parte eyther by fayre promises or open water Wherevpon he addressed his louing letters to the Duke full of gentle wordes and â—…ost friendly speech giuing further in charge to the messenger that caried the letter to promise the duke on his behalfe golden hilles and siluer riuers and with all gentle and pleasaunt meanes to perswade and exhorte the Duke to come to the Court. But the Duke as wily as the King misâ—…sting the fayre flattering wordes and the gaâ—…e promises to him so sodainly without any cause offred knowing the craftie castes of K. Richards bow which in diuerse affayres before time he had seene practised required the king to pardon hym excusing himselfe that hee was so diseased in hys stomacke that skant he could eyther take refection or rest King Richarde not being content with thys excuse would in no wise admit the same but incontinent directed to the duke other letters of a more rogher and hawtier sort not without tanting and byting tearmes and checking wordes commaunding him all excuses set apart to repayre wythoute any delaye to hys royall presence The duke made to the messenger a determinate answere that hee woulde not come to hys mortall enimie whom hee neither loued nor fauoured and immediately prepared open warre against him and perswaded al his complices and partakers that euerie man should in his quarter with all diligence rayse vp the people and make a commotion And by this meanes almost in one moment Thomas Marques Dorset came oute of Sanctuarie where hee sithe the beginning of King Richarde dayes had continued whose life by the onely helpe of sir Thomas Louell was preserued from all danger and perill in this troublous worlde gathered togither a great bande of men in Yorkeshire Sir Edward Courtney and Peter his brother Bishop of Exeter raysed an other army in Deuonshire Cornwall In Kent Richard Guilford and other gentlemen collected a great companie of souldiers and openly began warre But king Richard which in the meane time had gotteÌ„ togither a great strength and puissance thinking it not most for his part beneficiall to disperse and deuide his greate armye into small braunches and particularly to persecute any one of the coniutation by himselfe determined all other things being set aside with his whole puissaunce to sette on the chiefe head which was the Duke of Buckingham And so remouing from London hee tooke his iourney toward Salisburie to the entent that in his iourney hee myght set on the Dukes armie if he might knowe him in any place encamped or in order of battaile arrayed The king was scarce two dayes iourney from Salisburie when the Duke of Buckingham accompanied wyth a great power of wilde Welchmen whom hee beeing a man of greate courage and sharpe speeche
husbaÌ„d Al hir charges within the realme both in coÌ„ming abiding and returning were borne by the king The sweeting sicknesse The sweating sickenesse this yeare inuading the people of this lande brought great numbers to theyr ende Many died in the kings Court as the Lorde Clynton the Lorde Gray of Wilton and many knights Gentlemen and officers By reason of this contagious sicknesse Michaelmasse terme was adiourned and bycause the death continued from Iuly to the myddest of December the king kept himselfe with a small companie aboute him willing to haue no resort to the Court for feare of infection the sweate was so feruent and infectious that in some townes halfe the Inhabitants died thereof and in some a thirde part 1519 An. reg 10. The terme begon at Oxford and adiourned to Westminster In the begynning of this yeare Trinitie terme was begon at Oxford where it continued but one day and was again adiourned to Westminster This yeare came to Calais from Pope Leo a Legate de Latere called Laurence Campeius borne in Bologna la Grasse commonly called Cardinall Campeius Cardinal Campeius sent froÌ„ the Pope Polidor to require the king of ayde agaynst the Turke At the request of the King of Englande and also of the French king which sought now to be receyued into friendship with the King of England chiefly by Cardinal Wolseis meanes Pope Leo constituted the sayd Cardinall Woolsey his Legate in England ioyning him in commission with the sayde Campeius Hall the whiche stayed at Calais till the Bulles were brought from Rome touching that matter There was also an other cause that stayed Campeius at Calays and that was a suyte whiche Cardinall Woolsey hadde mooued for the obteyning of the Bishopryke of Bathe which benefice Cardinall Adrian Castalian enioyed by the collation of King Henry the seuenth This Cardinall Adrian being fallen in the Popes displeasure wythdrewe out of the Court of Rome vnto Venice and in the meane tyme Cardinall Campeius at the instance of Cardinall Woolsey wrote to the Pope that Cardinall Adrian myght be depriued of that Byshoprike to the ende that Cardinall Woolsey myght haue the same which request was accomplished and the Bulles sent vnto Calays so that then Cardinall Campeius Cardinal Campeius receiued with great pompe after he had remayned at Calays three Monethes came ouer into Englande and was receyued with all pompe and honoure that myghte bee deuised for hys friendshippe shewed in helpyng the Cardinall of Englande to the Bishoprike of Bathe hee was considered besyde other rewards wyth the Byshoprike of Salisburie the profites wherof hee receyued tyll the acte was established that no forreyner shoulde enioy anye spirituall benefice within this Realme But for the chiefest errand y t this Cardinall Campeis came he coulde haue no towarde aunswere whiche was to haue leuyed a summe of money by waye of tenthes in thys Realme to the mainteinaunce of the warre in defence of the Christian confines agaynste the Turke There were at the same tyme other Legates sent into other partes of Christendome aboute the same matter as into Fraunce Spaine and Germanie For Pope Leo calling to remembraunce A craftie seâ—… that the feare conceyued of the Turkes had brought no small gaynes to dyuerse of hys Predecessours hee beganne to feare too but for y t such feare was now too well knowne to bee vsed as an ordinarie shyfte of the Popes when they stoode in neede of money this practise was at this tyme vsed in vayne so that Campeius hearing that it tooke not place in other partyes left off his earnest suyte about it and with great rewardes receyued of the King and Cardinall returned to Rome not wythoute hope yet by reason of promises made to him by hys friends that the Popes request might hereafter be graunted according to his motion There attended him to Rome one Iohn Clearke a Lawyer as Ambassadour from the King which obteyned for the Cardinall authoritie to dispense with al meÌ„ for offences committed agaynst the spirituall lawes which parte of his power legantine was verie profitable and gainfull For then he set vp a Court The court â—… the legate â—…rected by the Cardinal and called it the Court of the Legate in the whiche he proued testaments and hearde causes to the great hynderance of al the Bishops of this Realme He visited Bishops and all the Cleargie exempt and not exempt and vnder colour of reformation hee got much treasure for through brybes and rewards notorious offendours were dispensed with so that nothing was refourmed but came to more mischiefe The example of his pride caused Pristeâ—… and all spirituall persons to waxe so prowde Example of great ones what it dâ—… that they ruffled it out in veluet and silles which they ware both in gownes iackets doublets and shwes They vsed open lechery and bare themselues so stoute by reason of his authorities and faculties that no man durst reproue any thing to theÌ„ The Cardinall himselfe grew so into such exceeding pryde The excessâ—… pride of the Cardinal that hee thought himselfe egall with the King and when he sayde Masse which he did oftner to shew his pompe rather than for any deuotion he made Dukes and Erles to serue him of wine with a say taken and to hold to him the Bason at the Lanatorie Thus was the pride of the Cardinall and other priests so past the compasse of reason that in maner al good persons abhorred and disdayned it It fortuned that the Archbishop of Canterburie wrote a letter to the Cardinal anâ—… after that he had receyued his power legaâ—…tine the whiche letter after his olde familiar maner he subscribed thus Your brother William of Canterburie With which subscription bycause the Archbishop wrote him brother he was so much offended as though the Archbishop had done him great iniurie that he could not temper his mood but in high displeasure sayde that he would so worke within a while that he should well vnderstand howe he was his superior and not his brother When the Archbishop beeing a sober wise man hearde of the Messenger that bare the letter how the Cardinall tooke it not well but so as it might seeme there was a great fault in the letter and reported the tale as one that mislyked the Cardinals presumption herein peace sayde the Archbishop knowest thou not howe the man is become madde with too muche ioy And thus the Cardinall forgetting to hold the right path of true lande and prayse sought to be feared rather than beloued of all good men In this meane time the French king greatly couering to redeeme the Citie of Tourney out of the handes of the king of Englande knowing that he must make way thereto through the Cardinals friendship ceassed not with high gifts to winne his good will and moreouer in often wryting to him The French â—…g writeth 〈◊〉 Cardinall â—…y eâ—…ted him with titles of honor and so magnified him that the Cardinall
the assises also There died diuers in the court of this sickenesse as sir Francis Pointz which had bin ambassador in Spayn diuers other The K. for a space remoued almost euery day till he came to Tyntynhangar a place of the Abbot of S. Albous and there he with the Quene a small companie about them remained til the sicknesse was passe In this great mortalitie died sir WilliaÌ„ ComptoÌ„ knight WilliaÌ„ Cary esquier Sir VVilliam Compton which were of the kings priuie chaÌ„ber Ye haue heard how the people talked a little before the Cardinals goyng ouer into Fraunce the laste yeare Doctor Longlande Bishopp of Lincolne that the king was tolde by Doctor Longland Bishop of Lincolne other that his marriage with Queene Katherine coulde not bee good nor lawfull the trouth is that wheather this doubt was first moued by the Cardinall or by the sayd Longland being the kings confessor the king was not only brought in doubt whether it was a lawfull marriage or no but also determined to haue the case examined clered adiudged by lerning VVâ—…y the Cardinal vvas susâ—…ed to be aâ—… the marâ—… lawe and sufficient authoritie The Cardinall veryly was put moste in blame for this scruple now cast into y e kings conscience for the hate he bare to the Emperor bycause he would not graunt to him the Archbyshoprike of Toledo for the whiche hee was a suiter and therefore he did not onely procurâ—… the Kyng of Englande to ioygne in friendshippe with the Frenche king but also soughte a diuorse betwixte the Kyng and the Queene that the king mighte haue had in mariage the Duchesse of Alanson sister to the French king and as some haue thought â—…lider he trauailed in that matter with the Frenche king at Amiens but the Duchesse wold not giue care therto â—…d But howe soeuer it came about that y e king was thus troubled in conscience concernyng his mariage this folowed that like a wise prudent Prince to haue the doubt clearely remoued he called together the beste learned of the realme which were of seueral opinions wherfore he thought to know the trouth by indifferent iudges least peraduenture the Spanyardes and other also in fauor of the Quene wold say that his owne subiects were not indifferent Iudges in this behalfe and therefore he wrote his cause to Rome and also sente to all the Vniuersities of Italy and France and to the greate Clerkes of all Christendome to knowe their opinions and desired the Court of Rome to sende into his realme a Legate which shuld bee indifferente and of a greate and profounde iudgement to heare the cause debated At whose requeste the whole Consistorie of the College of Rome sente thither Laurence Camprius Cardynall Camprius sente 〈◊〉 Englande a priest Cardinall a man of great wit and experience whiche was sent hither before in the tenth yeare of this King as ye haue heard and with him was ioyned in coÌ„mission the Cardinall of York and legate of England This Cardinall came to London in October did intimate bothe to the king Queene the cause of his coÌ„ming which being knowne great talke was had therof The matter â—…chyng the Kings marriage â—…bated The Archbishop of Canterbury sent for y e famous doctors of both the vniuersities to Lambeth and there were euery daye disputations and commonings of this matter and bicause the king ment nothing but vprightly therein and knewe well that the Queene was somewhat wedded to hir owne opinion and wished that she shoulde doe nothyng without counsell he had hir choose the beste clearkes of his realme to be of hir counsell and licenced them to do the best on hir part that they coulde according to the truth Then she elected William Warham Archbishop of Canterbury The Quene choseth lavv 〈◊〉 for hir part and Nicholas Weast Bishop of Ely doctors of the laws and Iohn Fisher Bishop of Rochester and Henry Standishe bishop of Saint Assaph doctors of Diuinitie and many other doctors and well serned men which for a suretie lyke men of great learnyng defended hir cause as farre as learnyng might maynteyne and hold it vp This yere was sir Iames Spencer Maior of London Polidor in whose time the watche in London on Midsomer night was layd downe Aboute this time the king receiued into fauor Doctor Stephen Gardiner Doctor Stephen Gardner 1530 whose seruice he vsed in matters of great sâ—…crecie weighte admitting him in the roomth of Doctor Paco Doctor Paco the which being continually abrode in ambassades and the same oftentymes not muche necessarie by the Cardinalles appointements at length he toke such greefe therwith that he fell out of his right wittes The place where the Cardinals should sit to heare the cause of Matrimonie betwixt the king and the Quene An. reg 2â—… Hall was ordeined to be at the blacke Friers in London where in the greate Hall was preparation made of seates tables other furniture accordyng to suche a solemne Session and apparaÌ„ce The King and Quene ascited The king the Queene were ascited by Doctor Sampson to appeare before the Argates at the forenamed place the xxviij of May being the morrow after y e feast of Corpus Christi The King at the day assigned Polidore came fyrst to the court and there standing vnder his cloath of estate had these wordes to the Legates Ye reuerend fathers The Kinges vvordes to the legates I haue in marriage a wyfe to me most deare entierly beloued both for hir singular vertues of mynde and also for hir nobilitie of birth but sith I am the king of a mightie kingdome I muste prouide that it may be lawfull for me to lyue with hir duely lawfully iustly and godly and to haue childreÌ„ by hir vnto the whiche the inheritance of the kingdome may by righte moste iustly descende which two things shall followe if you by iuste iudgement approue our mariage lawful But if there be any doubte in it I shall desyre you by your authoritie to declare the same or so to take it awaye that in this thing both my conscience the mynds of the people may be quieted for euer After this coÌ„meth in the Quene the which there in presence of the whole courte moste greuously accuseth the Cardinall of vntrouth deceyt wickednesse and malice The Queene accuseth Cardinall VVolsy which had sowen dissention betwixt hir and the king hir husband and therfore openly protested that she did vtterly abhorre refuse and forsake suche a iudge as was not onely a most malicious enimie to hir but also a manifest aduersarie to all right and Iustice She appealeth to the Pope and therwith did she appeale vnto the Pope committyng hir whole cause to bee iudged of him and thus for that day the matter rested But notwithstanding this appeale the Legates sate weekely and euery day were argumentes brought in on bothe partes and proues alledged for
with certaine field peeces lying on the flanke of eche battaile After that both the Armyes were in sight and that the great artillerie beganne to thunder from eyther syde without harme as it happened to either of both Wyat perceyuing that he could not come vp the fore right way withoute greate disaduauntage when he was come to the Parke corner he leauing the Causey swarned and toke the nether way towarde Saint Iames whiche being perceyued by the Queenes horsemen who lay on eyther side of him they gaue a sodayne charge and deuided his battaile asunder hard behinde Wyats Ensignes whereby so many as were not passed before with Wyat were forced to flie backe towardes Brainforde and certaine of his companie which escaped the charge passed by the backeside of Saint Iames towardes Westmynster and from thence to the Courte and finding the Gates shut agaynst them stayed there a while and shotte off many arrowes into the Wyndowes and ouer into the Gardeyne neuerthelesse withoute anye hurt there that was knowne wherevpon the sayde Rebelles ouer whome one Kneuet was Captaine perceyuing themselues to be too fewe to doe any great feate there departed from thence to follow Wyat who was gone before towardes London and beeing on theyr way at Charing Crosse were there encountered by Sir Henrie Ierningham Captayne of the Queenes Garde 〈◊〉 skirmish at â—â—aring crosse Sir Edwarde Bray maister of the Ordinaunce and sir Philippe Parys Knightes which were sent by the order of the Earle of Pembrooke with a bande of Archers and certaine fielde peeces for the reskue of the Court who encountered the sayde Rebelles at Charing Crosse aforesayde after they had discharged the fielde peeces vppon them ioyned wyth those Rebelles halfe armed and halfe vnarmed at the pushe of the Pyke and verye soone dispersed theyr power whereof some fledde into the Lane towarde Saint Gyles and some on the other syde by a Brewhouse towardes the Thames In this conflict which was the chiefe tryall of that day there was not founde slayne to the number of twentie of those Rebelles whiche happened by reason that vppon theyr ioyning wyth the Queenes Souldiours the one parte coulde not bee discerned from the other but onely by the myre and dyrt taken by the way whiche stacke vppon theyr Garments comming in the night wherefore the cry on the Queenes part that day was Downe with the Daggle tayles But nowe to returne to Wyat of whome ye heard before howe being come to the Parke corner and perceyuing the perill apparaunt if hee shoulde haue marched strayght vpon the Earles battayles which were raunged on eyther syde of the Cawsey did therefore politiquely turne from the great Cawsey marching along the Wall of the house of Saint Iames towardes London whiche coulde not haue beene wythout hys no little losse of many of his trayne if those that hadde the charge on that syde the field had beene as forwarde in seruice as the Earle with his battaile and the horsemen afore shewed themselues to be Neuerthelesse Wyat following hys purposed enterprice which was to haue entered into London where he hoped of greate ayde marched forward with the small companie that was left hym as farre as a common Inne called the Bel Sauage nere to Ludgate beleeuing to haue founde some ready there to haue receyued hym wherein his hope was much deceyued fynding the sayde Gate fast shutte and strongly garded with a number as well of most honest Citizens as also of other bandes of the Queenes assured friendes Wherevppon Wyat who commyng towardes the Citie made himselfe sure of his enterprise now desperate of the same was faine to turne his face retyring backe againe to Temple Barre where he with the rest of his retinue determyned as it seemed to trie theyr last fortune The Earle of Pembrooke who all this while kept his force togither in the field hearing of Wiats approche to London sent to him an Herauld called Clarenseaux with great communication to desyst from his rebellious enterprice Which Herauld did his Message accordingly albeit that some sayde he promised the sayde Wyat his pardon which shoulde not seeme to be true as well for that the Heraulde had no such Commission as also that it was not like that the sayde Wyat being then disarmed of all his forces would haue refused mercie in such a case For true it is that he with a verie fewe of his forlorne felowshippe not manye aboue the number of one hundred persones stoode still as menne amazed at the Gate of the Temple Barre tyll such tyme as Sir Maurice Barkeley Knight by chaunce ryding towardes London vpon hys Horse wyth footecloth without any armour finding the sayd Wyat there perswaded him to repayre to the Court and to yeelde himselfe to the Queene whose aduice he followed and incontinent mouÌ„ted vppe on the sayde Sir Maurice Horse behinde hym and so readie to the Courte voluntarily and not forced by anye to yeelde himselfe Prisoner This comming of Wyat to the Court being so little looked for Sir Thomas Wiat submitteth himselfe to the Queene was greate cause of reioyce to such as of late before stoode in great feare of him But more than maruayle it was to see that daye the inuincible heart and constancie of the Queene hir selfe who being by nature a woman and therefore commonlye more fearefull than men be shewed hirselfe in that case more stoute than is credible For shee notwithstanding all the fearefull newes that were brought to hir that day neuer abashed in so muche that when one or two noble menne beeing hir Captaynes The stoute courage of Queene Mary came wyth all haste to tell hir though vntruely that hir battayles were yeelded to Wyat shee nothing mooued thereat sayde it was theyr fonde opinion that durst not come neare to see the tryall saying further that shee hir selfe woulde enter the fielde to trye the truth of hir quarrell and to dye wyth them that would serue hir rather than to yeelde one iotte vnto suche a Traytour as Wyat was and prepared hirselfe accordingly But by the apprehension of Wiat y e voyage took none effect for after his coÌ„ming to y e court he he was immediatly committed to the tower As soone as the taking of Wyat was knowne the armie whereof mention is made before that laye in Saint Iames field were discharged and euerie manne licenced to depart to his home And forthwith Proclamation was made as well in the Citie of London as in the suburbes of the same that none vpon paine of death should keepe in his or theyr houses any of Wyats faction but should bring them forth immediately before the Lorde Maior and other the Queenes Iustices by reason of which Proclamation a great multitude of the sayd poore caytifs were brought forth being so many in number that all the prisons in London sufficed not to receyue them so that for lacke of place they were faine to bestowe them in diuerse Churches of the sayde Citie and shortly after
know the trueth neyther the L. Tho. Grey hath sayd can say or wil say any thing against me notwithstanding y e D. his brothers confessions accusation who hathe affirmed manye other things besides the trueth I speake not without certaine knowlege for y e L. Tho. Grey being in prison fellow for a small time informed one y t the D. his brother had misreported him in many things amongst other in matters touching me which he had declared to 〈◊〉 M. Southwell other the realmnors not long age I am sure of y e L. Tho. could or would haue said any thing it should haue him here now And as to y e dukes confession it is not material for he doth referre the matter to the L. Thomas report who hath made my purgatiō The attorney And it please you my Lordes and you my maisters of the Iury besides these matters touching Wiats Reliegion sir Peter Caroes treasons confederating w t the D. of Saffolke and besides y e prisoners conspiracie with the Earle of Deuon with Croftes Rogers Warner sundry others in sundrye places it shall manifestly appeare vnto you y e Throckmor did conspire y e Queenes Maiesties death with William Thomas sir Nicholas Arnold other traitors intēding y e same which is y e greatest matter of all others and most to be abhorted and for the proofe heere of you shall heare Wiat Arnold sayth Thē was sir Nicholas Arnolds confession redde affirming that Throckmor shewed vnto him riding betwixt Hiuam Crosse Laund in Glocester shire that Iohn Fitz Williams was verye much displeased with William Thomas Thattorney William Thomas deuised that Iohn Fitz Williās should kyll the Queene Throckmor knew of it as appeareth by Arnolds confession Throckmor First I denie that I saide anye suche thing to M. Arnold and though he be an honest man he may either forget himself or deuise meanes how to vnburthen himselfe of so weightie a matter as this is for he is charged with the mater as principall which I did perceiue whē he charged mee with his tale and therefore I do blame him the lesse that he seeketh how to discharge himself vsing me as a witnes if he coulde so transferre the deuise to Wil. Thomas But truely I neuer spake anye suche wordes vnto him and for my better declaration I did see Iohn Fitz Williams here euen now who can testifie that he neuer shewed me of any displeasure betwixt them as I know nothing of the displeasure betwixt thē so I know nothing of the cause I pray you my Lordes let him bee called to depose in thys matter what hee can Then Iohn Fitz Williams drew to the barre and presented himselfe to depose his knowledge in the mater in opē court Thattorney I pray you my Lordes suffer him not to be sworne neither to speake we haue nothing to do with him Throckmor Why shoulde hee not bee suffered to tell truthe and why bee yee not so well contented to heare troth for mee as vntroth againste me Hare Who called you hither Fitzwilliams or cōmaunded you to speake you are a verye busie officer Throckmor I called him and doe humbly desire that hee may speake and be heard as well as Vaughan or else I am not indifferently vsed specially seeing maister Atturney doth so presse this matter against me Southwell Goe youre wayes Fitzwilliams the Courte hath nothing to doe with you Peraduenture you woulde not bee so readie in a good cause Then Iohn Fitzwyllyams departed the Courte and was not suffered to speake Throckmor Since this Gentlemans declaration maye not bee admitted I trust you of the Iurie can perceyue it was not for anye thing hee had to say against me But contrariwise that it was feared he woulde speake for mee And nowe to maister Arnoldes depositions against me I say I did not tell him anye such wordes so as if it were material there is but his yea and my nay But bicause the wordes be not sore strayned against me I praye you maister Atturney why might not I haue tolde maister Arnolde that Iohn Fitzwilliams was angrie with William Thomas and yet knowe no cause of the anger it might be vnderstande to disagree oftentimes Who doth confesse that I knowe any thing of William Thomas deuise touching the Quenes death I will aunswere no man For maister Arnolde doth mention no worde of that matter but of the displeasures betwixte them And to speake that dothe neyther prooue treason nor knoweledge of treason Is here all the euidence againste mee that you haue to bring mee within the compasse of the inditement Stanforde Me thinke the matters confessed by others against you togither with your owne confession will weye shrewdlye But howe saye you to the rising in Kent and to Wiats attempte againste the Queenes royall person at hir Pallace Bromley Why doe you not reade Wiats accusation to him whiche dothe make him partener to his treasons Southwell Wiat hath grieuouslye accused you and in manye thinges that others haue confirmed Throckmor Whatsoeuer Wiat hath saide of me in hope of his life he vnsayde it at his death For since I came into this hall I hearde one saye but I knowe him not that Wiat vppon the seaffolde didde not onelye purge my Ladie Elizabeth hir Grace and the Earle of Deuonshire but also all the Gentlemen in the Tower saying they were all ignoraunt of the sturre and Commotion In whiche number I take my selfe Hare Notwithstanding he saide all that hee had written and confessed to the Counsayle was true Throckmor Nay Sir by your pacience maister Wiat sayde not so that was maister Doctors addicion Southwell It appeareth you haue hadde good intelligence Throckmor Almightie God prouided that reuelation for mee this daye since I came hither for I haue bene in close prison these lviij dayes where I hearde nothing but what the Birdes tolde mee which did flie ouer my heade And nowe to you of my Iurie I speake speciallye whome I desire to marke attentiuely what shall be sayde I haue bene indited as it appeareth and nowe am arreigned of compassing the Queenes maiesties death of leuying warre againste the Queene of taking the tower of London of deposing and depriuing the Queene of hir Royall estate and finally to destroy hir and of adherence to the Queenes enimies Of all whiche treasons to proue mee guiltie the Queenes learned Counsayle hath giuen in euidence these pointes materiall That is to saye for the compassing or imagining the Queenes death and the destruction of hir Royall person Sir Nicholas Arnoldes depositions whiche is that I shoulde saye to the sayde Sir Nicholas in Glocestershire that maister Iohn Fitzwilliams was angrie with William Thomas Wherevnto I haue aunswered as you haue hearde bothe denying the matter and for the proofe on my side doe take exceptions bicause there is no witnesse but one And neuerthelesse thoughe it were graunted the depositions proue nothing concerning the Queenes death For leuying of warre against the
was shot such a peale of artillerie off from the tower as had not bene hearde a greater in many yeares before In September the Duke of Norffolke departed this life at Fremingham castell in Norfolke and there was honourably buried among his ancestors Vpon Friday the xxvj of October those honest men that had bene of maister Throckmor quest being in number eyght for the other foure were deliuered oute of prison for that they submitted themselues and saide they had offended like weaklings not considering truth to be truth but of force for feare said so these eyght men I say whereof master Emanuell Lucar and master Whetstone were chiefe were called before the Counsell in the starre Chamber where they affirmed that they had done all things in that matter according to their knowledge and with good consciences euen as they should aunswere before God at the day of iudgemeÌ„t Where master Lucar said openly before all the Lordes that they had done in the matter like honest men and true and faithfull subiectes and therefore they humbly besought my L. Chancelor and the other Lords to be meanes to the King Quenes maiesties that they might be discharged and set at libertie and said that they were all contented to submit themselues to their Maiesties sauing reseruing their truth consciences honesties The Lords taking their words in marueylous euill part iudged them worthie to paye exclusiue 〈◊〉 Some sayde they were worthie to pay M. lb a peece Other sayde that Lucar and Whetstone were worthie to pay a M. markes a peece and the rest v. C. lb a peece In conclusion sentence was giuen by the L. Chauncelour that they should pay a M. markes a pece he that payde least and that they should go to prison againe and there remaine till further order were taken for their punishment The xxx of October being Tuesdaye The Lorde Iohn Grey see at libertie the L. Iohn Grey was deliuered out of the tower and set at libertie Vppon Saterdaye the x. of Nouember the Sherifes of London had commaundement to take an inuentorie of euery one of their goodes whiche were of maister Throckmortons quest and to seale vppe their doores which was done the same daye Maister Whetstone and maister Lucar and maister Kighley were adiudged to paye two thousand pounds a peece the rest a M. markes a peece to be paid within one fortnight after From this paymente were exempted those foure which confessed a fault M. Foxe and therevpon had submitted themselues whose names are these master Loe master Pointer master Beswicke and master Cater The xij of Nouember being Mondaye the Parliament begaÌ„ at Westminster to the beginning whereof both the King and Queene roade in their Parliament roabes hauing two swords borne before them The Earle of Pembroke bare his sworde and the Earle of Westmerland bare the Queenes They had two Cappes of maintenance likewise borne before them wherof the Earle of AruÌ„dell bare the one and the Earle of Shrewesburie the other During this Parliament Cardinall Poole landed at Douer vppon Wednesday being the xxj of Nouember who being receyued with muche honour in all other countries through which he had passed was receyued here at the first with no great shewe for the causes aboue mentioned The same daye on the whiche he arriued an acte passed in the Parliament house for his restitution in blud vtterly repealing as false and most slaunderous y e acte made against him in K. HeÌ„rie y e viij his time And on the next day being Thursday the xxij of Nouember the King and Queene both came to the Parliament house to giue their royall assent â–ª and to establishe this acte against his comming On Saterday the xxiiij of Nouember he came to the Court and after went to Lambeth where his lodging was prepared On Wednesdaye following in the afternoone he came into the Parliament house being at that present kept in the great Chamber of the Courte of Whyte hall for that the Queene by reason of sickenesse was not able to go abroade where the King and Queene sitting vnder the clothe of estate and the Cardinall sitting on the right hande with all the other estates of the Realme being present and the Knightes and Burgesses of the Common house being also called thither the Bishoppe of Winchester being Lorde Chauncellour spake in this maner The wordes of the bishop of Winchester My Lordes of the vpper house and you my maisters of the nether house here is present the right reuerende Father in God my Lorde Cardinall Poole Legate à Latere come from the Apostolike sea of Rome as ambassadour to the King and Queenes Maiesties vppon one of the weyghtiest causes that euer happened in this Realme and which appertayneth to the glorie of God and your vniuersall benefite the which ambassade their Maiesties pleasure is to be signified vnto you all by his owne mouth trusting that you will receyue and accept it in as beneuolent and thankfull wise as their Highnesse haue done and that you wyll giue attentiue and inclinable eares vnto hys Grace who is nowe readye to declare the same So soone as the Lord Chancelor had ended his tale Grafton the Cardinall began made a long and solemne oration the which for shortnesse sake I haue collected into these fewe articles The effect of the Cardinals oration First hee yeelded moste heartie thankes to the King and Quene and next vnto the whole Parliament that of a man exiled and banished from this Common weale they had restored him agayne to bee a member of the same and to the honour of his house and familie and of a man hauing no place neyther here nor else where within the Realme to haue admitted him into a place where to speake and to bee hearde Secondly that his especiall comming was for the restitution of this Realme to the auncicient estate and to declare that the sea Apostolike hath a speciall care of this Realme aboue all other and chieflye for that this Islande first of all other prouinces of Europe receiued the light of Christes religion from the sea of Rome Thirdlye hee exhorted that thoughe the realme had swarued from the catholike vnitie y t yet being better informed we ought to returne into the bosome of the Churche moste open to receyue all penitents For the persuasion wherof he brought a number of olde examples what perill and hurte hath happened vnto them that haue swarued and gone from the Churche of Rome namely Greece and Germanie Fourthlye howe muche wee are bounde to God for the King and Queenes Maiesties and howe miraculouslye God had saued and defended our Queene from hiâ—… enimies in most daungerous times and also that hee hath prouided to ioyne with hir in mariage â–ª such a noble Prince as King Philip was and one of his owne religion Fiftly he exhorted them all to obedience of these two Princes and to call vppon God for issue to be had betweene them