is also used for a distinction of bread in the Statutes of Bread and Ale made An. 51. H. 3. where you have mention of bread Cocket Wastel-bread bread of Trete and bread of common wheat Cowel Cockle-stayres cochlea a pair of winding stairs Sir H. Wot Cockleary pertaining to such stairs crooked Dr Br. Cockâ—ey or Cockneigh applyed onely to one born within the sound of Bow-bell that is within the City of London which term came first according to Minshew out of this Tale A Citizens Son riding with his Father out of London into the Country and being utterly ignorant how corn grew or Cattel increased asked when he heard a horse neigh what he did his Father answered the horse doth neigh riding farther the Son heard a Cock crow and said doth the Cock neigh too Hence by way of jeer he was called Cock-neigh A Cockney according to some is a child that sucks long But Erasmus takes it for a child wantonly brought up and calls it in Lat. Mammothreptus Cambden takes the Etymology of Cockney from the River Thamesis which runs by London and was of old time called Cockney Others say the little Brook which runs by Turnbole or Turnmil-street was anciently so called Coction coctio a seething boiling or digesting Coctive coctivus sodden easily boiled soon ripe Code codex a volume containing divers books more particularly a Volume of the Civil Law so called which was reduced into one Code or Codice by Justinian the Emperor it being before in three which is therefore called Justinians Code Min. Codebec Fr. a kinde of course French hat so called Codicil codicillus a diminutive of Code or Codex a little book a Schedule or supplement to a Will also a letter missive Writers conferring a Testament and a Codicil together call a Testament a great Will and a Codicil a little one and compare a Testament to a ship and the Codicil to a boat tied to the said ship Codicils are now used as additions annexed to the Testament when any thing is omitted which the Testator would add or any thing put in which he would retract A Codicil is the same that a Testament is but that it is without an executor See Swinburn in his Treatise of Testaments and Wills p. 1. sect 5. Codinniack Fr. Cotignac conserve or marmolade of Quinces Coemption coemptio a buying together Coemptional coemptionalis which is often in buying or a buying together Among the Romans Coemptionales senes were those old men in whose tuition and authority men by their last Will and Testament left their Widows or Daughters and without whom they might not pass in Dominium virorum per coemptionem i. be married according to the Ceremony called Coemption whereby the Husband and Wife seemed to buy one another Livie See more of this in Godwins Anthology chap. de nuptiis c. Coercible coercibilis which may be bridled or restrained Coertion coertio restraint keeping in order and subjection punishing Coetaneous coaetaneus which is of the same time and age Coeternal coaeternus of the same eternity lasting together for eternity equally eternal Coeval from con and aevum that are of the same age or time Cogitative cogitativus musing pensive full of thoughts Coffa or Cauphe a kind of drink among the Turks and Persians and of late introduced among us which is black thick and bitter destrained from Berries of that nature and name thought good and very wholesom they say it expels melancholy purges choler begets mirth and an excellent concoction Herb. tr 150. nat hist 155. Cognition cognitio knowledge judgment examination of things Cognominal cognominis that hath one and the same name or sir-name Cognoscible from cognosco that may be known or enquired into knowable Coherence cohaerentia a joyning together a loving or agreeing with each other Cohibency cohibentia a keeping under or restraining Cohibition cohibitio a letting or forbidding to do Cognizance or Cognisance cognitio i. knowledge in our Common Law is diversely taken sometimes it signifies an acknowledgement of a Fine or confession of a thing done as also to make Cognizance of taking a distress sometime as an audience or hearing a thing judicially as to take Cognizance Sometime a power or jurisdiction as Cognizance of Plea is an ability to call a Cause or Plea out of another Court which no one can do but the King or supreme Magistrate except he can shew Charters for it Manw. part 1. p. 68. See the new terms of Law and the new book of Entries Verbo Conusance Cognizance is also a badge of Armes upon a Serving-man or Watermans sleeve Cognoscitive from cognosco that knoweth or may be known or enquired Cohesion cohaesio a sticking or cleaving to or together Cohort cohors a Band of Souldiers any company of men whatsoover Cohort was ordinarily a Band of 5000 Soldiers though once or twice in Livie we read of Quadragenariae cohortes See Legion Cohortation cohortatio an exhortation perswading or encouraging Coition coitio an assembly confederacy or commotion also carnal copulation Coines ancones corners of a wall Coincident coincidens that happens at the same time Coincidency a hapning at at the same time Coinquinate coinquino to soil or stain to defile or defame Colaphize colaphizo to buffet or beat with the fist Collabefaction collabefactio a destroying wasting or decaying Collachrymate collachrymo to weep or lament with others Collactaneous collactaneus that is nursed with the same milk Collapsed collapsus slid fallen down discouraged Collaqueate collaqueo to entangle together Collateral collateralis not direct on the one side joyning to or coming from the same side Every degree of kindred is either right lineal or Collateral The right lineal is that which comes from the Grandfather to the Father from the Father to the Son and so still right downward Collateral is that which comes side-ways as first between Brothers and Sisters then between their Children c. Also Uncles Aunts and all Cousens are contained under this term Collateral kindred Collateral assurance is that which is made over and beside the Deed it self For example if a man covenant with another and enter Bond for the performance of his covenant the Bond is termed Collateral assurance because it is external and without the nature and essence of the covenant Cowel Collaterate collatero to joyn side by side Collation collatio a joyning or coping a benevolence of many also a short banquet or repast Collation of a Benefice signifies the bestowing a Benefice by the Bishop that hath it in his own gift or Patronage Book-binders and Sellers also use the word in another sence as to collation a Book is to look diligently by the letters or figures at the bottom of the page to see that no sheet is wanting or too much Collatitious collatitius done by conference or contribution of many Collative collativum subst a Sacrifice made of many mens offerings together a benevolence of the people to the King Collative adjectively conferred together made
at a price Censorious Censorian censorius pertaining to the Censor severe grave Centaurs Centauri people of Thessaly who first devised to break horses for war whence they being seen by other people on horseback were supposed to be but one creature which had the upper part of his body like a man and the nether part like a horse This was in the time of the war between the Thessalians and the Lapithae Ann. Mundi 2724. Rider Or as Servius declares when some yong Thessalians on hors-back were beheld afar off while their horses watered that is while their heads were depressed they were conceived by their first spectators to be but one animal and answerable hereunto have their pictures been drawn ever since Centenary centenarium that which contains a hundred years or a hundred pound weight Centre centrum the point in the midst of any round thing the inward middle part of a Globe The Earth is called the Center of the world because it is in the midst thereof Centoculated quasi centum habens oculos that hath a 100 eyes Feltham in his Resolves useth this word as an Epithere for Argus Centon cento a garment patched up of many shreds and divers colours a work compiled of many fragments a mingle mangle of many matters in one book a Rapsody Central centralis pertaining to the Center scituate in the very midst Centuple centuplex a hundred fold Centuplicated made or increased an hundred fold Century centuria a band of a hundred footmen the number of a 100 an age containing an hundred years Among the ancient Romans Centuries were the ranges and degrees of men according to their worth as they were assessed and inrolled by the Censors Centuriate centurio to divide by hundreds to distribute into bands Centurists Four German Writers of the Ecclesiastical History who divided their works into hundreds of years and called them Centuries Centurion centurio a Captain over an hundred foot-men Cephalconomancy Gr. divination by an Asses head broiled on coals Cotgr. Cephalique cephalicus belonging to or good for the head Cepi Corpus i. I have taken the body is a return made by the Sheriff that upon an Exigend or other Writ he hath taken the body of the party Fitzha nat br fol. 28. Cepphick cepphicus very light trifling of no estimation Ceramity ceramites a precious stone of the colour of Tyle Ceratine ceratinus as Ceratine arguments sophistical and intricate arguments Cerberus A Dog with three heads feigned to be Porter of Hell gates By the three heads are signified the three Ages by which death devours man viz. Infancy Youth and old Age. Rider Cerberus haec ingens latratu regna trifauci Personat adverso recubans immanis in antro Virgil. Cerdonists or Cerdoniant a sect of ancient Hereticks so called from Cerdo their first Father who taught two contrary principles to be in the cause of every thing a good God and a bad under the the bad he ranked Moses and the Prophets under the good he comprehended Christ and the teachers of the Gospel c. he was the Master of Marcion the Heretick and lived about the year of Christ 150. Rider Cereal cerealis pertaining to corn or food or to Ceres the Goddess of Harvest Cerebrosity cerebrositas brain-sickness hair-brainedness Ceromancie ceromantia divination or soothsaying by wax put into water Ceromatick ceromaticus anointed with oyl as Wrestlers were wont to be Cerinthuâ—rs So called from Cerinthus an Heretick who taught that Christ at his coming again should give to his people all carnal delights and pleasures he denied all the Scripture onely Matthew excepted and lived about the yeer of Christ 97. Rider Ceroferarie ceroferarius he that has the care or custody of the wax-candles in a Monastery also the candlestick Cerote cerotum a plaister made of oyls Turpentine and wax a Searcloth Certaminate certamino to contend or strive to be at variance Certiorari is a a Writ issuing out of the Chancery to an inferior Court to call up the Records of a cause therein depending that conscionable justice may be ministred upon complaint made by Bill that the party seeking the said Writ hath received hard dealing in the said Court. Terms of the Law See the divers forms and uses of this in Fitzh nat br fol. 242. Cervine cervinus belonging to an Hart of the colour of an Hart tawny Ceruleated from coeruleus painted or done with blew or azure sky-coloured Herb. Tr. Ceruse cerussa white lead often used by Chyrurgeons in oyntments and plaisters It is with Painters a principal white colour and hath been and still is much used by women in painting their faces whom Martial in his merry vain scoffeth saying Cerussuta timet Sabella solem Ceruse differs from Lithargy called also white lead for this is made of the grossest lead as it is in the Mine that of lead refined out of the Mine Cotgr. See Lithargie Cesariated caesariatus which hath or weareth long hair Cessant cessans that doth nothing that prolongs the time lingring Cessation cessatio slackness idleness rest loytering A cessation of Arms is when both sides are agreed that no act of hostility shall be committed during a certain time set down Cession cessio a giving up or ceasing a yielding or giving over Bac. Cessor Lat a Loyterer an idle fellow Cest cestus a marriage girdle full of studs wherewith the Husband girded his Wife at the Wedding and which he loosed again the first night Cetareous Cetaciouâ— cetarius belonging to Whales or such like great fishes Cha is a leaf of a tree in China about the bigness of a Mirtle which being dried in iron Sives over the fire and then cast into warm water serves for their ordinary drink Hist of China f. 19. Chagâ— Fr. cark melancholy heaviness anxiety anguish of mind also a disease coming by melancholy Mr. Mont. Chalcographer chalcographus a Printer or one that ingraves in brass Chaldean-Art Ars Chaldaea fortune-telling or figure flinging So called for that the Chaldaeans were much addicted to Judicial Astrology Chaldron or Chalder of Coals contains Thirty six Bushels Act of Parl. 1651. ca. 1. Chalybete chalybaeus of or belonging to steel or iron Chalybete Water in the Physical dialect is that water wherewith hot steel or iron has been extinguished Chamelionize To live by the Air as the Chameleon is said to do or to change colour as that beast doth who can turn himself into all colours saving white and red Chamfâ—ring a small gutter or furrow made by art upon some pillar of stone or timber called also a Rebate Chamfered channelled or made hollow Chamverdekins or Chaumberdakyns were Irish begging Priests banished England 1. Hen. 5. c. 7 8. Chamelot or Chamolet a kind of stuff intermixt with Chamois or Cammels hair and therefore so called Chamois a wild-Goat or Shamois the skin thereof dressed is called ordinarily Shamois Leather Champarty from the Fr. Champ-parti i. the field or land divided between him that has the title and the Champerter
Brit. fol. 111. In our old Saxon an Esquire was called Scyldknapa or according to our modern Orthography Shieldknave i. he that in war did bear the Shield of Arms of his Chief or Superior Verst Esqulinus one of the seven Hills in Rome As 1. Aesquilinus 2. Quirinalis 3. Viminalis 4. Coelius 5. Tarpeius 6. Palatinus 7. Aventinus which may be better be remembred by this contracted verse Aesqui Quiri-Vimin Coel. Tar. Palatinus Aventin Esquiry Fr. Eicuyrie the Stable of a Prince a Querry ship also the dignity or estate of an Esquire Spotswood Essay Fr. a proof a trial a flourish or preamble Among Comoedians the trial or proof of their action which they make before they come forth publickly upon the Stage is their Essay Essence essentia the being or natural substance of any thing Essenes or Esseans aesseni vel aessei so called from the Syriack 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Asa signifying to heal or cure diseases were certain Sectaries or Philosophers among the Hebrews of two sorts the one Practicks the other Theoricks both agreed in their Aphorisms but in certain circumstances they differed They referred every thing to Destiny deemed the Soul to be mortal would have men fight till death in defence of Justice sacrificed not with the rest of the people nor scarce conversed with them were much given to tillage and husbandry highly prizing purity of life and sanctity of conversation they lived in common never married kept no servants saying Servants were wicked and a Wife cause of discord Their life was Monastick and themselves given much to contemplation of the nature of Herbs Plants Stones and Beasts In diet meat and drink moderated by sufficiency much addicted to Moral Philosophy not caring for wealth or hoarding up treasure Josephus and Moses and Aaron p. 50. Essedary essedarius a kind of Warrior that was wont to ride in a Waggon or Chariot but fought on foot formerly in use with the antient Gauls also a Waggoner or Chariot-man Essed essedum a Wain Chariot or Waggon In antient time it was a Chariot for fight of a peculiar form Essential essentialis belonging to the essence or being of any thing Essentifical that makes or causeth the essence or being Essoine comes of the Fr. essoyné or exoiné i. causarius miles he that hath his presence forborn or excused upon any just cause as sickness or other incumbrance It signifies in our Common Law an alleadgement of an Excuse for him that is summoned or sought for to appear or answer to an Action real or to perform suit to a Court Baron upon just cause of absence c. See more in Cowel Estandard See Standard Estiferous aestifer that brings or endures heat Estival aestivalis pertaining to Summer or to the longest day in the year Estivate aestivo to summer in a place to dwell or retire to a place for the Summer season Estovers from the French estovér i. to foster signifies in our Common Law nourishment or maintenance For example Bracton l. 3. tract 2. cap. 18. num 2. useth it for that sustenance which a man taken for Felony is to have out of his lands or goods for himself and his family during his imprisonment and the Stat. An. 6. E. 1. cap. 3. useth it for an allowance in meat or cloth It is also used for certain allowances of wood to be taken out of another mans wood Mr. West part 2. Symbol tit Fines sect 26. saith that the name of Estovers contains house-boot hey-boot and plow-boot as if he gave in his grant these general words de ratiâ—nabili estoveria in boscis c. he may thereby claim these three Cow Estreat from the Lat. Extractum or from the Fr. Extraict is used in our Common Law for the Copy or true note of an original writing For example of amerciaments or penalties set down in the Rolls of a Court to be levied by the Bailiff or other Officer of every man for his offence See Fitz. nat br fol. 75. H. 1. K. and 76. a. And so it is used Westm 2. c. 8. 13. Ed. 1. Estrepement or Estripament of the Fr. Estropier i. to maim or lame signifies in our Common Law spoil or waste made by a Tenant for life upon any Lands or Woods to the prejudice or him in the reversion as namely in the Stat. An. 6. Ed. 1. cap. 13. And sometimes it is taken for a Writ in the nature of a prohition to forbid the committing Waste Nat. br 60 61. Estuate aestuo to burn or parch with heat to rage as the Sea doth Esurini esurialis pertaining to those days whereon men forbear meat fasting hungry Esurion esurio an hungry fellow Eternize aeterno to make immortal or eternal Etesiaâ— etesius belonging to the East winds easterly Etherial aethereus pertaining to the sky or firmament celestial Ethick ethicus moral belonging to manners Ethicks Books treating of moral Philosophy and manners Also moral Philosophers themselves are called Ethicks As Logick intreats of the Understanding and Reason so Ethick of the Will Appetite and affections Bac. Ethiopians or Moors the people of Aethiopia the particulars of their opinions wherewith they have infected the true purity I find thus registred 1. They use to Circumcise both males and females 2. They baptize males forty females eighty days after their circumcision 3. After the receipt of the Sacrament they are not to spit till Sun-set 4. They profess but one Nature and one Will in Christ 5. They accept only the three first general Councils 6. Their Priests live only by the labour of their hands for they allow them nothing and permit them not to beg 7. They rebaptise themselves every Epiphany day in Lakes and Ponds because that day they suppose Christ to have been bapâ—ised by John in Jordan Heyl. Ethnarchy ethnarchia principality or rule Ethnick ethnicus heathenish ungodly irreligious And may be used substantively for a Heathen or Gentile Ethology ethologia the feat of counterfeiting mens manners An interlude of a moral subject or wherein mens manners are acted and expressed Etiology aetiologia a rendring of a cause a shewing of reason Eâ—na Aetna a hill in the Island of Sicily which continually sends forth flames of fire occasioned by the abundance of sulphur and brimston therein contained which is blown by the wind driving in at the chaps of the earth as by a pair of bellows c. of this hill there are many Poetical fictions which I omit it â—s now called Montgibal Etymology etymologia ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 verus and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sermo the true original or derivation of a word as lepus quasi levipes Etymologia est resolutio vocis in verum proprium effectum verbi veritatem notificat ob id eam Cicero veriloquium appellat Clau. Cantiuncula de loc legal Etymological etymologicus pertaining to Etymology Etymologize etymologizo to shew the true derivation of a word to intrepret or expound words truly Evacuate evacuo
5. Ed. 6. ca. 14. A 5. Eliz. ca. 14. An. 13. Eliz. ca. 25. These are Mr. Wests words part 2. Symbol tit Indictments Sect. 64. Howbeit this definition rather belongs to unlawful ingrossing then to the word in general See Forestal See Acts 1650. ca. 31. Inhalation inhalatio a breathing in or upon Inhesion inhoesio a cleaving in or sticking fast unto Inherent inhaerens sticking to or abiding in Inhibition inhibitio a forbidding or stopping It is also a Wit to inhibit or forbid a Judge from further proceeding in the cause depending before him See Fitz. nat br fol. 39. where he puts prohibition and inhibition together Inhibition is most commonly a Writ issuing out of a higher Court Christian to a lower and inferior upon an Apppeal An. 24. H. 8. ca. 12. And Prohibition out of the Kings Court to a Court Christian or to an inferior temporal Court Inhospital inhospitalis unapt for entertaining harborless Inidoneous inidoneus unfit improper Injection injectio a casting in or upon also in Physick a squirting or conveying a liquid medicine by Siringe c. into some part of the body or into a hollow or fistulous ulcer Inimicitial inimicitialis despightful envious enemy-like Inimitable inimitabilis that cannot be counterfeited or followed incomparable Initiate initio to enter or begin Initiative Initiated initiatus which hath ended his Apprentiship or is a young beginner in the first principles licensed or admitted to Injunction injunctio is a Writ issuing out of the Chancery sometimes to give possession to the Plaintiff for want of the Defendants appearance sometimes to stay proceeding in a Cause at Common Law upon suggestion made that the rigor of the Law if it take place is against equity and conscience in that case See West part 2. Symb. tit Proceeding in Chancery Sect. 25. Inlagary inlagatio is a restitution of one outlawed to the Kings protection and to the benefit or estate of a subject Bract. l. 3. tract 2. c. 14. numb 6 7 8. Britton ca. 13. Inlapidate from in and lapis to make hard stony or like a stone Bac. Inlay Sax. a term among Joyners and signifies a laying of coloured wood in Wainscoat-works Bedsteds Cupboads c. See Marquetry It is also used by Goldsmiths Cutlers and others as to Inlay with Gold or Silver Inmates those that are admitted to dwell for their money joyntly with another man though in several rooms of his Mansion house passing in and out by one door and not being able to maintain themselves which are inquirable in a Leet Kitch fol. 45. where you may read him at large who are properly Inmates in the intendment of Law and who not Innatable innatabilis that cannot be swimmed in Innavigable innavigabilis that cannot be sailed in that will not bear a ship or boat Inns of Court or Chancery See Templaries and Moot-men Innitent innitens endeavoring or assaying Innocents day or Childermass day a Feast celebrated by the Roman Catholicks on the 28 of December in memory and honor of those innocent children Herod slew not long after our Saviours Nativity when he sought for Christ himself thinking to destroy him Innocuous innocuus hurtless also safe that is not hurt Innominable innominabilis not to be named Innovate innovo to make or become new to renew or change his old fashions Innovator Lat. he that makes alteration or brings in new customs Innoxious innoxius wherein there is no danger that hath no harm Also safe Innubilous innubilus fair without clouds serene Innuendo is a Law term most used in Declarations and other pleadings and the office of this word is onely to declare and design the person or thing which was named incertain before as to say he innuendo the Plaintiff is a Thief when as there was mention before of another person Innutrition innutritio a nourishing or bringing up Inocciduous inocciduus that never useth to fall never sleeps never sets or goes down as some stars do Inoculatâ— inoculo to graff a bud by cutting a round hole in the bark of another tree and setting it on with clay or when an hole is bored in a tree and a kernel put in with a little loam Inominal inominalis unlucky unhappy Inopacous inopacus open not shadowed Inopinate inopinatus unthought of unlooked for not hoped for strange or contrary to the common opinion Inopious inopiosus poor needy destitute Inoptable inoptabilis not to be wished for Inorganicâ—l inorganicus that hath no organ or instrument A body is said to be inorganical when it wants right dispositions for the operations of the soul whereunto it is ordained Inorganity inorganitas the want of such dispositions Inquination inquinatio a staining or defiling a disgracing Inquisition inquisitio a diligent search or enquiry strict examination Spanish Inquisition was first created and called the Sacred Council of Inquisition about or not long after the year 1492. at which time the Empire of the Moors ended in Spain by the valor of Fardinand the Catholick Such Moors as after the decay of their Kingdom staid in Spain were by a Statute in that case provided to be christned And that they might be known to be as they professed this Inquisition was ordained consisting of a President and he always an Ecclesiastical person as the Archbishop of Tolledo or Sevil assisted by twelve other Councellors who deal altogether in matters appertaining to Religion Insanity insanitas madness disease of mind Insanguin'â— from in and sanguis bloodied dipt or dyed in blood Insative insativus that is not planted sown or graffed that which comes forth of its own accord Insaturable insaturabilis that cannot be filled or contented insatiable Inscâ—ous inscius ignorant not knowing unskilful Inscription inscriptio a note title or mark written or engraven a superscription Such was that the Jews put upon the Cross when they crucified our Saviour JESVS NASARENVS REX JVDEORVM for which words these letters are ordinarily used over the head of a Crucifix J. N. R. J. Inscrutable inscrutabilis unsearchable bottomless mystical not to be sounded or known Insecable insecabilis that cannot be cut or parted Insect insecta a smal fleshless and bloodless vermine divided in some sort between the head body and belly as an Ant Flye Bee c. under which the Earth-worm Caterpillar c. are also comprehended Lord Bacon useth Insecta's for creatures bred of putrefaction Nat. Hist 143. Insectation insectatio a railing against one with all the evil words he can use Insection insectio a declaration Treatise or long continued talk also a cutting Insensate insensatus foolish senceless Felth. Insident insidens sitting on or in remaining continuing Insidiate insidior to lay wait deceive or ensnare Insidious insidiosus full of wiles and deceitfulness crafty dangerous Insinuate insinuo to put in his bosom to put in ones mind covertly to wind steal or convey himself into to creep by little into ones favor to give a slight touch of a thing Insipid insipidus unsavory without taste or relish also weak
understood Abstrusity from abstrudo darkness secresie Dr. Brown Absurd absurdus foolish harsh without wit or grace Abvolate abvolo to flye or vanish away Abyrtace a dainty kind of meat with the Medes and other barbarous Nations sharp and quick of taste to provoke and please the appetite composed of Leeks Garlike Cresses Senvie Pomgranate kernels and such like Plut. Mor. Abysme abysmus the same with Abyss Abyssines Abyssini the people of that part of Aethiopia which is subject to Prester John Abysse abyssus a bottomless gulph or pit any deepness that cannot be sounded Hence Abysmal Deep bottomless Academy Academia a woody or shady place near Athens where Plato taught so called from Ecademus one of the Hero's now taken for any famous Shool or University hence Philosophers of the Sect of Plato are called Academicks In Alexandria now called Scanderia in Aegypt Gautenus saith Heylyn read Divinity and Philosophy in the year 180. from whom it is thought the Orders of instituting Universities first began in Christendom Academick Academical academicus belonging to such a School or Academy Acatalepsy acatalepsia incomprehensibleness the Opinion of the Sceptiques Accelerator Latin a hastner Bac. Accelerate accelero to hasten or make speed unto Accent accentus tune tenor the rising and falling of the voice the due sound over any word or letter or the mark of any letter which directs the pronunciation There are also accents of sentences as in the close of a period we let fall the voice in a demand raise it Acceptilation acceptilatio a verbal Acquittance Accerse accersio to call forth to send for to provoke to accuse Accesse accessus an approaching or coming to an increasing a growing a passage or a way to a place The Access of an Ague is the approach or coming of the fit and the Recess is when the fit is over or leaves the Patient In Lancashire they call the Ague it self the Access as such a one is sick of the Access Accessory Accessary accessarius guilty of a saâ—ilâ— in our Common Law it signifies a man guilty of a fellonious offence not principally but by participation as by commandment advise or concealment Acclamation acclamatio a shouting or crying out in liking or disliking Acclivity acclivitas steepness Accolyte See Acolyte Accommodate accoÌ„modo to compose fit apply to or lend Accommodatitious accommodatitius proper fit convenient also applied inclined or disposed Accordant Fr. agreeable well fitting unto concordant Accordance Fr. an accord or agreement a concord in musick Accort Fr. discreet advised circumspect foreseeing also subtile and cunning Accost from the Fr. Accoster or Ital. accostare to joyn side to side to approach or draw near to also to affront Accoutred from the Fr. Accoustre attired arraied decked apparelled Accoutrement Fr. Accoustrement attire dressing apparalling also habit cloathing or rayment Accretion accretio an increasing or growing Accumbing accumbens sitting at a Table lying down Dr. Br. Accumulate accumulo to heap up to encrease or load to gather in heaps Accurate accuratus curious diligent exact Accusative accusativus that whereby one is accused Ac-drinc Sax. a kind of drink made of Acornes used of old in time of dearth and necessity Sax. Dict. Acephalick acephalus without head title or beginning Acephalists acephali a kind of Hereticks that had no Author or beginning the word importing as much Acerbity acerbitas a sour or sharp taste cruelty roughness Acerote acerotus full of chaff or straw course brown Acervate acervo to heap to gether to mough up Acersecomick Acersecomes one whose hair was never cut Acetars acetaria sallets or sawces made of roots or herbs mixed with vinegar to stir up appetite Acetosity acetositas sourness sharpness the substance or taste of vinegar Acherontick acheronticus wanting joy and comfort also pertaining to Hell from Acheron a Lake in Epirus which as Poets feigned who ever passed over should never return hence and for its ill colour and taste it is taken for Hell Acherusian acherusius pertaining to the Lake or River Acherusia which is taken for the entrance into Hell Acidity aciditas sharpness sourness Lord Bac. Acid acidus sour sharp biting Acoustick Gr. pertaining to the sense of hearing or that helps the hearing Bac. Acolastick acolastus that liveth under no correction riotous Acolyte acolythus a Minister whose office is to bring water wine and light to the Altar also a novice or young proficient Aconick from aconitum poysonous or pertaining to the venemous herb called Aconite Acqueste Fr. from acquiro purchases made or things bought by the unmarried or by or for onely one therein different from conquests Acquiesce acquiesco to be at rest or quiet to rest upon to lean or assent unto Acquisition acquisitio a getting obtaining or purchasing Acre Sax. Aeker is a certain quantity of land containing in length 40 Rods Poles or Pearches and sour in breadth or to that quantity be the length more or less And if a man erect a new Cottage he must lay four Acres of land to it after this measure ordained by Stat. 31. Eliz. ca. 7. Acrimony acrimonia sharpness sourness Acreamatick acreamaticus that hearkens or gives ear to any thing that requires much study and search also musical harmonious or delightful to the ear and eye Acroatick was that part of Aristotles doctrine which he taught in the Lyceum wherein his more remote and subtile Philosophy was handled and such things as appertained to the contemplation of Nature and dialectic disceptations Hist Phil. Acrocomick acrocomus that hath long hair Acronychal acronychus belonging to those stars which rise in the twi-light soon after Sun setting Acrosticks acrostichis a kind of verses when the first or last letters of every verse make some name word or sentence As these upon Mors. M ors solet innumeris morbis abrumpere vita M O mnia mors rostro devorat ipsa su O. R ex princeps sapiens servus stulius miser aege R S is quicunque velis pulvis umbra sumu S. Acteoned Horned A word made from Actaeon who is poetically feigned to have been turned into a Stag and it is sometimes used in a waggish sense for Cuckolded Actifs an order of Friers that wear Tawny habits and feed on nothing but roots Cotgrave Actitation actitatio a debating of a cause in the Law Actuality actualitas among Philosophers signifies the perfection of existence or being above formes as when we say a man is we say more then when we say a man Actual sin See Venial Actius Naevus a Roman South-sayer of great fame in the presence of Tarquin did cut a Whetstone in two with a Razor hence it is we use to say proverbially sharper then Actius his Razor as in Rel. Med. Aculeate aculeatus that hath a sting or prick biting vexing Bac. Acuminate acumino to make sharp-edged or pointed Acuminous from acumen minis sharp edged or pointed subtile in wit of a penetrating judgment Acupictor Lat. an Embroiderer or any one that works with the
the word of God are properly called Apostles Apostolicks or Apostolians Apostolici a sort of Heticks that hold 1. That many Christians in these days have more knowledge then the Apostles 2. That there is a salvation to be revealed unknown to the Apostles themselves 3. That God in a short time will raise up Apostles men extraordinarily indued with visible infallible gifts to preach the Gospel c. with other such erroneous Tenets Apostroph apostrophus a mark or comma signifying the cutting off some vowel as 't is for it is th' end for the end and the like most used in Poetry It is also a figure when we convert our speech from one matter or person to another Apostume apostema an Impostume an unnatural swelling of any corrupt matter in the body See Impostume Apothegme See Apophthegm Apotheke apotheca a place where any thing is laid to be kept as a shop ware-house or store-house Apotomy apotomia a cutting off a Mathematical term Apozeme apozema a decoction or medicine made of water with divers kindes of Spices and Herbs boiled together used instead of Syrrups broth Bac. Nat. Hist Apparell Fr. preparation provision ready making It is an antient word used in the Accounts of the Inner Temple and signifies that sum at the foot of an account which the house remains in debt or which remains charged on the house Apparitor Lat. a Serjeant Beadle or Sumner but most commonly used for an inferior Officer that summoned in Delinquents to a spiritual Court Appeal Fr. appel is often used in our Common Law as in the Civil which is a removing of a cause from an inferior Judge to a superior as Appeal to Rome Ann. 24. H. 8. c. 12. and 1 Eliz. c. 1. So St. Paul appealed from Festus to Caesar And it is also commonly used for the private accusation of a murtherer by a person who had interest in the murthered party or of any Felon by one of his complices in the Fact See more of this in Mr. Leighs Phil. Comm. Appellation appellatio a calling or pronouncing an Appeal Appellative appellativus naming mentioning or calling Grammatically it is taken for common opposite to proper as this word homo a man is by the Grammarians called a Noun or name appellative because common to all men and this word Petrus Peter is a Noun or name proper to one individual person Appendant appendens is any thing belonging to another As Accessorium principali with the Civilians or Adjunctum subjecto with the Logicians An Hospital may be appendant to a Manor Fitzher Nat. Br. fol. 142. Common of fishing appendant to a Freehold Westm 2. cap. 25. An. 13. Ed. 1. Appennage See Apennage Appenditious appendicus that depends on another pertaining to an Appendix Appendix Lat a hang-by an addition a Pent-house label or any thing that depends on another Appensor Lat. he that weighs or ponders Appetency appetentia appetite desire lust Appetible appetibilis to be or that may be desired Appetition appetitio an earnest desire endeavour or lust Hist of Philosophy Appian Way Appia via a notable street or High-way which leads from Rome to Capua in Campania which Appius Claudius in his Consulship paved with stones and walled and therefore took denomination from him but was extended to Brundusium in Calabria by Julius Caesar and Trajan Of all others it seems to be the principal by the testimony of Papinias the Poet Appia cunctarum fertur Regina viarum Applaud applaudo to shew joy or liking of a thing by clapping the hands or other sign of rejoycing to allow or praise Applause applausus a clapping the hands in token of joy or good liking of a thing Application applicatio a making any thing meet with another an applying of one thing to another Applumbature amplumbatura a joyning or soldering with lead Apposite appositus put or set to meet for the purpose convenient Apposition appositio an adding or putting to or together Appostile Fr. an answer to a Petition set down in the margent thereof and generally any smal addition to a great discourse in writing Cotgr. Apprentice Fr. Apprenti and that from apprendre to learn whence their Apprentisage and our Apprentiship is such a person who serves a certain time for the most part seven years by pact for the learning of any Art In former time Barristers were called Apprentices to the Law As appears by Mr. Seldens notes on Fortescu p. 3. So the learned Plowden stiled himself and Mr. Hen. Finch in his Nomotechnia writes himself Apprentice del Ley. Appretiate appretio to esteem at an high rate or price Appretiation appretiatio an high valuing or estimation Appretiatively appretiativè according to the price or value It is usually contradistinguished to intensively As we may be said to love a Dog more then a Childe intensively but not appretiatively Approperate appropero to hasten to make speed to Appropinquation appropinquatio an approaching or coming nigh unto Appropriation appropriatio a term in our Law when any Body corporate or private person hath the right and converts the profit of an Ecclesiastical Living to his or their own use onely maintaining a Vicar to serve the Cure To make an Appropriation Licence must be obtained of the King in Chancery and the consent of the Diocesan Patron and Incumbent are necessary if the Church be full But if the Church be void the Diocesan and the Patron upon the Kings licence may conclude it Plowden in Grendons Case fo 496. b. Seq To dissolve an Appropriation it is enough to present a Clerk to the Bishop for that once done the Benefice returns to the former nature Fitz. nat br fol. 35. F. Approver approbator signifies in our Common Law one that confessing Felony of himself appeals or accuses another one or more to be guilty of the same and he is called so because he must prove that which he hath alledged in his appeal Stanf. Pl. Cor. fo 142. And that proof is by Battail or by the Country at his election that appealed Appuyed from the Fr. Appuyè stayed propped supported or held up also rested or leaned on Aprication apricatio a warming or heating in the Sun Apricity apricitas the warmth of the Sun in winter Sun-shining fair warm weather Aprique apricus warmed with the Sun or that loves to be in the Sun-shine sunny Aptitude aptitudo fitness meetness conveniency Aptote aptotum a noun without a case indeclinable Apyrexie Gr the remitting of a Feaver or the shaking in the course of an Ague Riverius Aqua Coelestis is rectified wine being in some sort made like the heaven for subtilty and pureness Chym. Dict. Aquarius or the Waterman one of the twelve signs of the Zodiack so called from the plenty of rain water which we commonly have when the Sun enters that sign Min. Aquatical aquaticus belonging to living or breeding in the water Aquatile aquitalis that haunts or lives in the water Aquation aquatio a carrying fetching or providing water also abundance of rain
him or her and the Devil or Familiar to have his or her turn served for soul blood or other gift offered him So that alâ— Conjurer compacts for curiosity to know secrets and work marvels and the Witch of meer malice to do mischief And both these differ from Inchanters or Sorcerers because the former two have personal conference with the Devil and the other meddle but with medicines and ceremonial forms of words called Charmes without apparition Daltons J.P. 279 Conizor or Cognizor Lat. cognitor in Law it is used in the passing of Fines for him that acknowledges the Fine and the Conizee is he to whom it is acknowledged West par 1. Symb. l. 2. Sect. 59. part 2. tit Fines Sect. 114. Conjure conjuro to swear or conspire together to exorcise a spirit i. to swear him or conjure him by the power of another by the names or spels they use whereas Adjure is to swear one to as I adjure i. swear thee to it by mine own power and conjure by the power of another Connascencâ— from con and nascor a growing rising or springing together a being born together Vul. Er. Connexive connexivus that couples or knits together Connubial connubialis pertaining to wedlock or marrying together Connutritious connutritus that hath the same nourishment or bringing up Conquassate conquasso to shake dash or break in pieces Conquestion conquestio a complaining lamenting moan-making or crying Consanguinity consanguinitas kindred by birth or blood nearness in blood Consarcinate consarcino to patch or peice together to add to Conscension conscensio a mounting or climbing up a leaping on horse-back Conscission conscissio a cutting or paring Conscissure conscissura a gash or cut a renting in a place Conscious conscius culpable that is of Council or guilty of a thing Conscription conscriptio an enrolling writing or registring Consectaneous consectaneus which follows others Consectarâ— consectarium a brief argument wherein the conclusion necessarily follows the antecedent or a thing that follows out of another already demonstrated Consectation consectatio a following together and in Philosophy it signifies the consideration of those affections of a Proposition in respect whereof two Propositions signifie together the same thing and are true or false Hist Phil. Consectator Lat. he that follows or pursues Consecutif Consecutive consecutus following or succeeding Consecution consecutio a consequent order or following Moneth of consecution See Moneth Conseminate consemino to sow divers seeds together Consentient consentiens concenting agreeing according Consequentious from consequentia most important full of consequence which necessarily followeth Conservator of the peace Conservator or Custos Pacis was an Officer that had charge to preserve the Kings peace before the time of King Edward the Third who first erected Justices of the Peace instead of those Conservators c. See Lamb. Eirenarcha l. 1. ca. 3. Conservator of the Truce and safe Conducts â—onservator induciarum salvorum Regis conductuum was an Officer appointed in every Port of the Sea under the Kings Letters Patents and had forty pounds for his yearly stipend at the least His charge was to enquire of all offences done against the Kings Truce and safe Conducts upon the main Sea out of the Countries and Franchises of the Kings Cinque Ports as the Admirals of Custom were wont and such other things as are declared An. 2. H. 5. ca. 6. Touching this matter you may read another Stat. An. 4. H. 5. ca. 7. Conservatory a place to preserve or keep things in Also used adjectively Conserves from conservo the juyce or substance of any thing boiled with Sugar and so kept Bull. Consession consessio a sitting together or with others Consigne consigno to present exhibite or deliver in hand or into the hands of to assign over to gage or pawn Consistory consistorium signifies as much as Praetorium or Tribunal It is commonly used for a Council house of Ecclesiastical persons or the place of Justice in the Court Christian A Session or Assembly of Prelates Consitioâ— consitio a setting or planting Consolidate consolido to make sound that which was broken to make whole Consolidation in our Common Law is a combining or uniting two Benefices in one Also a strengthning or joyning with Consolate consolor to comfort and ease ones grief Consonants consonantes literae letters which have no sound of themselves but as they are joyned with others b c d c. with all the rest except the Vowels are called Consonants Consort consors one that partakes of the same lot a fellow or companion Conspersion conspersio a sprinkling about Conspurcatioâ— conspurcatio a defiling or making foul Conspuâ—aâ— Lat. he that spits upon others Constaâ— Lat. it is evident plain certain is the name of a kind of Certificate which the Clerk of the Pipe or Auditors of the Exchequer make at the request of any person who intends to plead in that Court for discharge commonly of Lands Sequestred the effect of this Constat is to declare what does constare on Record as for what cause the lands were sequestred for what rent letten and the like and the Auditors Fee for it is 13 s. 4 d. A Constat is held to be superior to a Certificat because this may err or fail in its contents that cannot as certifying nothing but what is evident upon Record Constellation constellatio an assembly or company of Stars together in one sign presenting some living creature or other thing after a certain sort And of these Constellations the number in the Heavens are 48. whereof 21 are in the North 15 in the South and 12 in the Zodiack Hopton Consterâ—ation consternatio a great fear or astonishment Also sedition or tumult Constipate constipo to make thick together to stuff together Constrictive constrictivus that hath vertue to strain or bind together Consubstantial consubstantialis of the same substance whereof another is made Consuetude Consuetudinal â—rom consuetudo inis accustomed wont used Also the Book wherein the antient customs of a Monastery were written was called the Consuetudinal Consul Lat. from consulendo of giving counsel a chief Officer among the Romans of which two were chosen yearly to govern the City and command their Armies In Paris Les Consulâ— are five honest and substantial Citizens who determine all cases of debt not exceeding 4000 li. Turnois between Merchant and Merchant Their authority continues but a year and the utmost punishment they can inflict is but imprisonment In most Cities of Aquitain the chief Governors are termed Consuls the rest of the good Towns in France have such Consuls as Paris by the names of Les Judges Consuls des Merchands Cotgr. Consummate consummo to make up or accomplish to sum up a reckoning Contabulate contabulo to plank or floor with boards to joyn together Contaction contactio a touching or joyning together a staining or colouring Felth. Contaminate contamino to violate or distain by touching or mixing to defile or corrupt Contemerate contemero to
at a banquet a Sewer See Arch-Dapifer The great Master or Steward of the Kings house was so termed in old time Cotg. Danocaginous from the Ital. dapoco that has a little or narrow heart low-spirited of little worth Dardanean Art ars dardania Witch-craft or Magick so called from Dardanus a wicked Magician At si nulla valet medicina repellere pestem Dardaniae veniant artes c. Darick Daricus a kind of antient coyn bearing the Image of Darius King of Persia and valuing about two shillings Datary datarius that is freely given taken Substantively it is an Office in Rome for collation of Church Benefices also a dater of Writings Date dactylus a kind of sweet fruit brought from Numidia and other far Countries The Date Trees are some male some female the first brings forth only flowers the other fruit yet herein is the male beneficial to the encrease of the Dates for unless a flowred bough of the male be ingraffed into the female the Dates never prove good Dation datio a giving a gift a dole Datism datismus is when by a heap of Synonyma's we rehearse the same things Dative dativus that giveth or is of power to give Daulphin See Dolphin St. Davids day The first of March kept solemnly by the Britans in honor of their Patron St. David whom their Records and Tradition testifie to have been a person of eminent sanctity and austerity of life excellently learned a most eloquent preacher of Gods word and Archbishop of Menevy now from him called St. Davids in Pembrook-shire He flourished in the fifth and sixth age after the coming of Christ and dyed in the 140 year of his own as Dr. Pits witnesseth in de illustribus Britanniae Scriptoribus The Brittans always wear a Leek on that day in memory of a famous victory obtained by them against the Saxons the said Britains for the time of the battel wearing Leeks in their hats for their military colours by St. Davids perswasion Days according to the division of Authors are either Astronomical or Political of Astronomical some are natural and some again Artificial An Artificial day consists of twelve hours Joh. 11.19 There be twelve hours in the day Gen. 1.4 5. 47-9 A Natural day consists of twenty four hours The beginning of Politique days is divers for the Athenians began their day from Sun-set but the Iews Chaldeans and Babylonians from Sun-rise the Egyptians and the Romans from midnight of whom we take our pattern to count the hours from midnight one two three c. The Vmbrians from noon The parts of Politique or Civil days according to Macrobius are these The first time of day is after midnight The second in Lat. Gallicinium Cocks-crow The third Conticinium the space between the first Cock and break of day The fourth Diluculum the break or dawn of the day The fifth Mane the morning The sixth Meridies noon or mid-day The seventh Pomeridies the afternoon The eighth Serum diei Sun-set The ninth suprema tempestas twylight The tenth Vesper the evening or eventide The eleventh prima fax candle-time The twelfth nox concubia bed time The thirteenth Nox intempesta the dead time of the night Vide Agellium Macrobium Fungerum Maundy Thursday the last Thursday in Lent and next before Easter so called as it were Mandati Thursday from a ceremony used by the Bishops and Prelates in Cathedral Churches and Religious Houses of washing their Subjects feet which ceremony is termed the fulfilling the Mandate and is in imitation of our Saviour Christ who on that day at night after his last Supper and before his institution of the Blessed Sacrament washed his Disciples feet telling them afterwards that they must do the like to one another this is the Mandate whence the day is nominated At the beginning of the aforesaid ceremony these words of Christ uttered by him soon after his washing their feet John 13.34 are sung for an Antiphon Mandatum novum do vobis ut diligatis invicem sicut dilexi vos I give you a new Mandate c. Deaction deactio a finishing or perfecting Dealbate dealbo to white-lime parget or make white Dearck dearchus a Captain or Governor of ten Dearraignment A Law-term V. Shep. Epit. 491. Deaurate deauro to gild or lay over with gold Debauchery from the Fr. desbauche incontinency riot disorder unruliness Debâ—llate debello to vanquish or overcome by war Debellation debellatio a vanquishing or overcoming by war Sir Tho. More uses it De bâ—ne eâ—sâ— are three common Latin words the meaning I conceive to be this to take or do a thing de bene esse is to accept or allow it as well done for present but when it comes to be more fully examined or tried it is to stand or fall according to the merit or well being of the thing in its own nature or as we say valeat quantum valere potest So in Chancery upon motion to have one of the Defendants in a Cause examined as a witness the Court not then precisely examining the Justice of it or not hearing what may be objected on the other side often orders a Defendant to be examined De bene esse i. that his Depositions are to be allowed or suppressed at the Hearing as the Judge shall see cause upon the full debate of the matter but for the present they have a well-being or allowance Debentur the third person plural of debeor to be due or owing is by Act of Parliament 1649. cap. 43. ordained to be in the nature of a Bond or Bill to charge the Commonwealth to pay the Souldier-creditor or his Assigns the sum due upon account for his Arrears The form of which Debentur you may see in an Act 1649. c. 63. Debilitate debilito to weaken or make feeble to make faint Debility debilitas weakness feebleness Debonnaire Fr. gentle milde courteous affable Debosche Debauche from the Fr. desbaucher to corrupt make lewd or put out of order to vitiate Debulliate debullio to bubble or seeth over Deca Gr. decem ten Decachord decachordium an instrument with ten strings Decacuminatâ— decacumino to take off the top of any thing Decad decas adis a term or number of ten be it of years moneths books c. as the Decads of Livy consist each of ten Books Also a tenth Decadency from de and cado a falling down or from a declining decay ruine Decaâ—iâ—t from decas a writer of Decads such was Titus Livius Decalogue decalogus the ten Commandments or words of God Decameron Gr. that is of ten parts Boccacius gives his book of Fables being divided into ten parts that Title Min. Decapitate decapito to behead or pull off the head Decatcâ— The same with Deark Decede decedo to depart or yeeld from to give place to to cease or dye Dâ—cember One of the twelve moneths so called from decem ten because it was the tenth month from March which was the first among the Romans Decempedâ— decempedalis of ten
to speak out of theit belly England Sax. Engla-land was so first named after the common opinion by Egbert the first sole and absolute Monarch of the English men Engonasâ— or Engonnasâ— the name of one of the Constellations commonly taken for Hercules who in the Globe is figured with his right knee bent in the manner of kneeling and with his left foot treading part of the head of the Dragon Min. Engyscope from the Gr. an instrument for discerning the proportion of small things Enharmoniack enharmonion one of the three general sorts of Musick song of of many parts or a curious concent of sundry Tunes Enigma Aenigma a Riddle a dark speech or intricate sentence Enigmatical aenigmaticus obscure hard to understand full of Riddles Enigmatist aenigmatistes he that makes or propounds Riddles or hard questions Ennead enneas adis nine the number of nine Ennealogue Gr. a speaking or treating of nine points an Oration or Treatise divided into nine parts or Chapters Enoch or Enos pillars The story runs shortly thus Enos the son of Seth the son of Adam who is held to be the first Author of Astrology having heard his Grandfather Adam say all things should be destroyed by the universal Flood was desirous that Science should not perish before it came to the knowledge of men did therefore erect two Pillars one of stone the other of brick to the intent if the brick wasted with water or storms yet the stone should preserve the Letters whole and perfect and in these Pillars were graved all that concerns the observations of the stars c. one of which Josephus affirms remained even in his time See Astronomy Enodate enodo to unknit to cut away the knot to declare or make manifest to untie Enormitâ— enormitas want of measure or rule unevenness hugeness Ensiferous ensifer that bears or carries a Sword Enquest Inquisitio is in our Common Law especially taken for that Inquisition or Enquest of Jurors or by Jury which is the most usual tryal of all causes both criminal and civil in our Land Entaile feudum talliatum comes of the Fr entaillé And in our Common Law is a Substantive abstract signifying Fee tayl or Fee entailed See Fee and Tail Entelechie entelechia a soul or form that hath power or motion within herself Entendment Fr. wit or understanding It signifies in our Common Law so much as the true meaning or signification of a word or sentence Of which see Kitch fo 224. To Enterfeir from the Lat. inter and ferire to rub or dash one heel against the other to exchange some blows Enthalamize from Thalamus to bring the Bride-groom and Bride to their Bed-chamber Enthean or Entheater entheatus inspired with God Enthusiasts or Enthusiasiâ—s a Sect of people that thought themselves inspired with a Divine Spirit and to have a clear sight of all things they believed c. Spondanus says they sprung from the Anabaptistical Sect of Nicholas Stork of Silesia in the year 1522. Enthusiasm or Enthysiasm enthysiasmus an inspiration a ravishment of the â—pirit divine motion Poetical fury Enthysâ—asmicaâ— pertaining to an inspiration Enthymeme enthymema is a term of Logick and signifies an imperfect Syllogism which wants either the major or minor Proposition As for example Every sin deserveth correction Every theft is a sin Therefore every theft deserves correction Now if we leave out the first part called the major and say thus Every theft is a sin Therefore every theft deserves correction Or omit the second part called the minor and say Every sin deserves correction therefore every theft deserves correction then it is called an Enthymeme to wit a keeping in the mind for so the word properly signifies because one of these parts is concealed in the mind and not uttered and in that regard it is called truncatus Syllogismus a lame or maimed Syllogism Enthymematical pertaining to an Enthymeme Entitatively entitativè a term in Philosophy and is when a thing is taken according to its essence form or being Entitie entitas a being or subsistence Enucleate enucleo to take out the kernel to declare or explicate a difficulty to interpret or expound To Envelope Sp. Envelopér to wrap unfold involve or inclose also to poster or incumber Enumerate enumero to reckon up to declare to number Enunciative enunciatum Subst any thing pronounced or spoken a proposition or speech which simply affirms or denies any thing as to say Peter is a Scholar Peter is no Scholar To Enunciate enuncio to pronounce utter or reveal Enure See Inure Eolian pertaining to Aeolus the god of the winds also inconstant as the wind Epact epacta the day put to or added to make the Leap year or it is a number of eleven days in which the common Solar year exceeds the common Lunar year the one consisting of 365 days the other of 354 days and therefore they add the excess unto the Lunar year to coequal them For Epacta comes from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies intercalare or addere by the addition of which excess in every four years there is gotten a number more then 30 which is greater then the Epact can be because from Change to Change there can be but Thirty days therefore Thirty must be taken from that excess and the remainder is the Epact for the next year As 1659. the Epact is Seventeen whereto add Eleven which makes Twenty eight that is the Epact for the next year To get the Epact for ever do thus Multiply the Prime by Eleven parting the Product by Thirty and the Remainder is the Epact Or see the age of the Moon the Eleven Kalends of April for that is the number of the Epact Hop Concord Epatride were Noble men among the Athenians and held the like dignity with them as the Patricii did at Rome Eparch Eparchus the President of a Province or the chief of all the Provincial Presidents Epheby ephebus a Stripling of fourteen years of age and upwards An Ephemeran or Ephemerides ephemeris idis a book wherein daily Acts are registred a Journal or Diary commonly it is taken for a book of Astronomy in use among such as erect figures to cast mens Nativities by which is shewn how all the Planets are placed every day and hour of the year Ephemeridian belonging to such a Register or Day-book Ephemerist One that registreth daily actions or one that casteth Nativities with the help of an Ephemerides a maker of an Ephemerides Ephesian Temple i. The Temple of Diana at Ephesus See Diana Ephesian Moan may be taken for a sad and continual lamentation and is deduced from Heraclitus a Philosopher of Ephesus who always wept at the miseries of the world and mortal men The phrase is used by Du Bartas Ephi or Epha an Hebrew measure containing nine Gallons of ours Ephialtes Gr. the night Mare it is a kinde of disease commonly called the Elfe or Night-Mare with which whoever is affected he supposes himself to be invaded by some spirit which
S. Petri ad vincula That one Quirinus a Tribune having a Daughter who had a disease in her throat went to Alexander then Pope of Rome the sixth from St. Peter and desired him to borrow or see the chains that St. Peter was chained with under Nero which request obtained his said Daughter kissing the said Chains was cured of her disease and Quirinus with his family were baptized Tunâ— dictus Alexander Papa saith Durand hoc festum in Calendis Augusti celebrandum â—instituit in honorem beati Petri Ecclesiam in urbe fabricavit ubi vincula ipse reposuit ad vincula nominavit Calendis Augusti dedicavit In qua festivitate populus illic ipsa vincula hodiè osculatur So that this day being before called onely the Calends of August was upon this occasion afterwards termed indifferently either of the instrument that wrought this miracle St. Peters day ad vincula or of that part of the Maiden whereon the miracle was wrought the Gule of August See Lammas day Gulosity gulositas gluttony Gulph sinus is a part of the Sea insinuating and embosoming it self within the land or between two several lands As the Gulph of Venice the Persian Gulf the Red Sea Sinus Mexicanus Vermilius Gangeticus Gurgitate gurgito to swallow or devour Gurgitive gurgitivus belonging to a Gulph or stream Guttulous guttosus pertaining to or full of drops Gust gustus the sence of tasting a taste Guttural from guttur pertaining to the throat Gultwit seems to be compounded of Gult i. noxa and wit a termination of words in the Saxon tongue signifying nothing in it self but as dome or hood Christendom Childhood Manhood c. Others say and it is true that wit signifies blame or reprehension Gultwit as Saxon in his description of England ca. 11. interprets it is an amends for trespass Gustation gustatio a tasting or smacking also a little knowledge of or experience in Gustatory gustatorium a place where men were wont to banquet Guidage guidagium is that which is given for safe conduct through a strange territory Cassanaeus de consuetud Burgun p. 119. whose words are these Est Guidagium quod datur alicui ut tuto conducatur per loca alterius Guzes The ball of the eye a term in Heraldry Gyges Ring Gyges was King of Lydia and his Ring said to have this property that being on the finger and turned to the inside of the hand the wearer went invisible but turning it to the outside then he was visible again as before Plat. in lib. de Repub. will tell you how Gyges came by this Ring Gymnase gymnasium a place of all kind of exercise either of body or mind a School a Colledge or Hall in an University Gymnastick gymnasticus belonging to the place of wrestling or other exercise which was performed naked Gymnasticks books treating of Exercise Gymnasiarch gymnasiarcha the head Master of the place where Champions did exercise also the chief Master of a School Gymnosophists gymnosophistae from gymnos naked and sophos wisdom certain Philosophers in India that went always naked and lived solitary in woods and desarts feeding on herbs the first beginner of which Sect was as St. Hierome reports Cont. Jovinian called Buddus These Gymnosophists were to the Indians as the Druides to the Brittans and are by them called Brachmans See Brachmans Strabo says there were two kind of Gymnosophists one dwelling in Desarts c. termed Hermanes The other frequented Kings Courts Cities c. and were called Brachmans Gynecocraty or Gynecretic feminine Rule or Authority the Government of a woman Gypsation gypsatio a plaistering or pargetting Gyre gyrus a circuit or compass a cariere a bound or end of a course or race Gyration gyratio a turning about or dizziness H HAbeas Corpus is a Writ which a man indicted of some trespass before Justices of Peace or in a Court of any Franchize and upon his apprehension being laid in prison for the same may have out of the Upper Bench thereby to remove himself thither at his own costs and to answer the Cause there c. Fitz nat br fo 250. h. Habergion or Haubergion Fr. the diminutive of Hauber a little coat of Mail or onely Sleeves and Gorget of Mail. It is used in Scripture Rev. 19.9 Habilitation a making of one able or capable Bac. Habitiment Fr. apparel cloathing array attire Also Armor or Harness Habit habitus the outward attire of the body whereby one person is distinguished from another aâ— the Habit of a Gentleman is different from that of a Merchant and the Habit of a Handy-crafts-man from both Sometimes it signifies a quality or constitution in the body or mind not natural but gotten by long custom or infused by God As an Orator still exercised in making Orations has gotten a habit of eloquent speaking And the holy Apostles had a habit to understand and speak languages without study Bull. Habitable habitabilis that may be inhabited or dwelt in Habitacle habitaculum a dwelling place or habitation Habitual habitus grown to a habit by long custom customary Habitude habitudo the habit state or disposition of the body custom use Hach Hachis or Hacâ—ee Fr. a dish made ordinarily of cold meat cut in little peeces and stewed or boyled on a Chaffing-dish with crums of Bread Wine Vinegar sliced Nutmeg and Orange pills Cotg. Hagard Fr. wilde strange froward unsociable A Hagard Faulcon a Faulcon that preyed for her self before she was taken See Ramage Haggs flammae lambentes are made of sweat or some other vapor issuing out of the head a not unusual sight among us when we ride by night in the Summer time They are extinguished like flames by shaking the horse Mains But I beleeve rather it is onely a vapour reflecting light but fat and sturdy compacted about the Mains of horses or mens hairs Per. Institutions p. 149. Hagiographer Hagiographus he that writes holy things S. Wa. Ra. Hail to you or all Hail to you a Saxon word ab all i. omnis and heile i. sanitas vel salus and so is as much as all health to you Halcyon Gr. a kind of small Bird called by some a Kings-fisher and breeding on the Sea-shoar about the winter solstice which time being about fourteen days there is no tempest or storm Hence t is we call peaceable or quiet times Halcycon or Halcyonian days Two notable properties are observed in the Nest of this Bird which she makes with the foam of the Sea The first is That the Architecture of it is so strong so durable that it cannot be broken nor cut even with the violent stroak of iron The second That it is so proportioned to the Bird as if it were sewed to her body in such manner as no creature can therein be received but the Architect himself Caussinus See more in Vul. Err. p. 128. and 129. Halicuticks halieutica books treating of fishes or fishing whereof Oppianus wrote five Haliographie Gr. a description of
black and blew wan of the colour of lead also malicious envious backbiting Lividity lividitas blewness the colour appearing upon a stroke a dead earthly leaden colour Livor Lat. a black and blew mark in a body coming of a stroke or blow also blackness of the eyes coming of humors also envy malice Lixiviated from lixivia of or like or washed with Lee or Lye made of ashes Dr. Br. Lixor Lat. a Water-bearer Lizard lacertus a little beast much like our Evet but without poyson breeding in Italy and other hot Countries whose dung is good to take away spots in the eye and clear the sight And its head being bruised and laid to draws out thorns or any thing sticking in the flesh Lobbe is a great kind of North-Sea-fish An. 31. Ed. 3. Stat. 3. ca. 2. Local localis pertaining to a place It signifies in our Common Law as much as tyed or annexed to a place certain Example the thing is local and annexed to the freehold Kitch fol. 180. Locality localitas the being of a thing in a place Location locatio a placing or setting in a place Also a letting out to hire or setting out work by the great Loche See Lohoc Lococession from locus and cedo a giving place Locomotion locus and motio a moving or stirring from one place to another Dr. Br. Loculament loculamentum a little place of bords made with holes for Pigeons or Conies a Coffin for a Book also the several places wherein the seeds lye as in Poppy heads Dr. Charl. Locuplicity locuplicitas abundance of wealth Locuplete locuples rich wealthy well-stored Locust locusta a kind of flying insect or Fly which the French term Cigale of which we have none in England See Dr. Brown in his Vul. Err. lib. 5. ca. 3. There were divers kinds of these some hurtful and venemous others comodious for meat Mat. 3.4 His meat was locusts which some conceive to be the tops of herbs and plants Lodemanage is the hire of a Pilot for conducting a ship from one place to another and comes from the Dutch Loot i. lead and in the same Dutch the Pilot is called Lootsman or Piâ—looâ— the man of lead or casting out his lead to save the Ship from danger Min. Chaucer would have this word signifie the skill or art of Navigation See Pilot. Lodestar a Star that guides Mariners the north star Lodestone magnes a stone of the colour of rusty iron which hath an admirable vertue not onely to draw iron to it self but to make any iron on which it is rubbed to draw iron also This stone is found in the Indian Sea and in the Country Trachonitis and is of greatest use in Navigation For by it Saylers find out the certain course of their Voyage the needle in the Compass tempered herewith still standing directly towards the North and South Read more of this stone in Dr. Br. Vul. Err. l. 2. c. 2. Locution locutio a saying or speaking Lodâ—works one of the works belonging to the Stanaries in Cornwal for which see Cam. Brit. in the title Cornwal See Stremeworks Log the name of an Hebrew measure as the Sextarius Atticus was among the Greeks Logarithmes logarithmi a term in Mathematicks signifying numbers which being fitted to proportional numbers retain always equal differences Wingate Logick logica the Art of Logick the Art of reasoning or disputing Logick according to my Lord Bacon professes the preparation and contrivance of Aids and Forces for the understanding Arts Logical or intellectual are four Art of Enquiry or Invention Art of Examination or Judgement Art of Custody or Memory and Art of Elocution or Tradition c. See his Advancement of Learning fol. 218 219. Logician logicus one skilled or learned in the Art of Logick Logism the due and judicious understanding of a thing formerly considered and esteemed of according to reason Cot. Logist logista he that causeth presidents or notable â—ayings to be registred a caster of accounts The Logists among the Athenians saith Harpocration were ten men elected out of the Tribes to whom all such as had ended their Office of Magistracy within thirty days of their Authorities expiration were to render an account of all such affairs as they had then administration of They not onely kept account of the moneys but of all other matters that appertained to the Kings revenue c. Logistick logistice the Art of counting or reckoning the practice of Arithmetick or that part thereof which contains Addition Substraction Multiplication and Division Logographers logographi Lawyers Clerks they that write Pleas and Causes in the Law or Books of Accompt Logomachy logomachia a contention in or strife about words a verbal altercation Lohoch or Loch a Physical word and is a thick Syrrup or other soft substance or confection which must not be swallowed but suffered to melt of it self in the mouth that so it may gently slide down and thereby have the more vertue against diseases of the Brest Lungs and throat Culpepper says it is an Arabick word and simply signifies a thing to be licked up Lollardâ— Lollardi a Sect that abounded in England in the days of Edw. 3. and Hen. 5 An. 2. H. 5. ca. 7. of these read Stows Annals p. 425. Tritemius in his Chronicle deduces the name from one Gualter Lolhard a German as the first author of that Sect living about the year 1315. And Chilian says Lollardus fuit Alexianus Monachus Lollardus quoque dicitur Haereticus Valdersis These Lolhards were much consenting with the Wicklevites in opinions they began in time of P. Innocent the sixth and Charles the fourth Emperor of that name says another Author See their Tenets in B. Spotswoods hist of Scotl. fol. 61. As for the word Lollard retained in our Statutes since the Reformation it seems now as a generical name to signifie such who in their opinions oppose the setled Religion of the Land in which sence the Sheriffs are bound by their oath to suppress them Lombardeer an Usurer or Broaker so called from the Lombards a people of the hither part of Italy who were great Usurers they were called Lombards alias Longobards from their long Beards which they wore Hence our word Lumbar which signifies refuse Housholdstuff Lombard is also by the same reason used for a bank for Usury or Pawns Hence Lombardstreet which is still full of Goldsmiths and Moneyers See Causines Lome lutum dirt mud or morter Longevity longaevitas long or old age Longanimity longanimitas long-suffering patience forbearance In Divinity it is thus defined Longanimity is an untired confidence of mind in respecting the good things of the life to come Longinquity longinquitas long distance of place length of time continuance long lasting or long life Longitude longitudo length of place time or any other thing The Longitude of a Star is the arch of the Ecliptick contained between the beginning of Aries and the circle of the stars latitude In Geography the longitude of a place
oppicatio a covering with pitch Opium Lat. or Opiate the juyce of black Poppy sold dry by Apothecaries It is sometimes used in Physick to cause sleep or to asswage excessive pain but then it must be mixed with other things and given with great discretion for taken alone it will cast one into a deadly sleep being cold and dry in the fourth degree Bul. Oppidan oppidanus a Citizen or Townsman Oppignorate oppignoro to lay in pledge to gage or pawn Oppilation oppilatio an obstruction or stopping the Liver or other chief entrals Oppilative oppilatus obstructive stopping shut up Oppletion oppletio a filling up Opportune opportunus meet for the purpose fit convenient in due time and as it ought to be Opposite oppositum a contrary Aristotle makes four kinds of Opposites first those that are relativè opposita as the Husband and Wife the Master and Servant c. which have reference each to other Secondly those which are Contraria as Right and Wrong Ignorance and Science c. Thirdly Those that are privativè opposita as Light and Darkness Sight and Blindness which succeed and deprive one another The fourth and last kind of Opposites are those which in Propositions and Clauses are Contradicentia the one affirming and the other negative c. J. Doderidge Opprobrious opprobriosus reproachful in words upbraiding reviling taunting Oppugn oppugno to assault to batter to lay seige unto to fight against Also to reason against a thing earnestly Opsimathie opsimathia a learning when one is old Opsonator Lat. a buyer or purveyor of meats a Cater a Manciple Optable optabilis that is to be desired wished or looked for Optation optatio choyce opinion wishing desiring Optative optatum a wish or desire It is also used adjectively as wishing for or that desireth Optick Optical opticus pertaining to the sight Optick sinews are those which bring the vertue of seeing to the eyes So the Optick Science is that by which the reason of sight is known Art speculative Optimacy from optimates a Government in a Commonwealth by noble or other chief persons Optimitie optimitas utility great profit excellency Option optio choyce or election Optive See Adoptive Opulencie opulentia riches abundance plenty wealth Opulent opulentus rich plentiful wealthy abundant Opuscule opusculum a little work a little labor Or Fr. Gold In Heraldry it signifies gold colour Ore ora the end or extreme part of any thing a Region Land or Country Thus Lempsters Ore is that fertile part of Herefordshire which lyes about two miles round that Town Oracle oraculum a Sentence Council or Answer given by God also a notable saying or judgement a Prophesie or Prediction Among the Gentiles these Oracles were but illusions of the Devil who answered for the most part doubtfully in Idols to questions made to him As a great Prince going to the Wars and demanding of the Oracle what success he should have had this ambiguous answer given him Ibis redibis nunquam per bella peribis Which he thus commaing Ibis redibis nunquam per c. ventured on the War and was slain There were two principal places of Oracles one of Ammon in Lybia the other at Delphi in Booetia at the first Jupiter in this Apollo were said to give answers These Oracles ceased at the coming of our Saviour Oracular pertaining to an Oracle Oral from Os oris pertaining to the Mouth Visage face look favor or voyce Oratory oratorium a place wholly dedicated to prayer a Closet a private Chappel to pray in Oratorians a Religious Fraternity or Order instituted the last age by St. Philip Nerius a Florentine Priest They took name from the place first frequented by them for their exercises of Preaching and Catechising which was the Oratory of St. Hierom in Rome Orbation orbatio a depriving or bereaving one of his goods or of any other thing poverty Orbical Orbicular orbicus round like a circle circular Globie Orbiculated orbiculatus made round in the form of a circle or compass Orbitie orbitas the want of children on the Parents part the want of parents on the childrens part any want or privation Orchal orca a stone like Allum used sometimes by Dyers to raise a red colour Ordael or Ordeal ordalium signifies as much as judgement and is compounded as some say of two Saxon words Or a privatitive as A in Greek and dael i. â—ars q Expers But it is artificially used for a kind of purgation practised in antient times whereby the party purged was judged Expers criminis called in the Common Law Purgatio vulgaris and utterly condemned by Pope Steven the second There was of this four sorts one by Kampfight not unlike our Duel The second called Fire-Ordeal which was for the accused to pass blindfold with bare feet over hot Plowshares c. of which see Mr. Fullers hist Cent. 11. p. 141. The third was hot water-Ordeal by putting his arms up to the elbows in seething water c. The fourth was cold water-Ordeal like the late used trial of Witches Of these at large see Verstegan p. 50 51. and Lambert in his explication of Saxon words Verbo Ordalium where he expresses such superstitions as were used in it Mr. Manwood part 1. pag. 15. But Hotom especially disput de feud ca 41 c. Ordalian Law was that Law which instituted the Ordael aforesaid and was long before the Conquest but did continue of force in England till the time of King John in whose days it was abrogated as Pol. Vir. Holinshed Supplimentum Chronicorum witness Ordinal ordinale is properly a Book of Direction for Bishops to give holy Orders and for other things belonging to their Function but sometimes used for a Book containing the Orders and Constitutions of a Religious House or Colledge Ordinary ordinarius though in the Civil Law whence the word is taken it signifies any Judge that has authority to take knowledge of Causes in his own right as he is a Magistrate and not by deputation yet in our Common Law it is most commonly and usually taken for him that hath ordinary Jurisdiction in causes Ecclesiastical See Brook and Linwood hoc titulo Oreads oreades Fairies of the mountains Oredelf is a liberty whereby a man claims the Ore found in his own ground It properly signifies Ore lying under ground as a Delf of Coal is coal lying in veins under ground before it is digged up Orfraies aurifrisium frizled cloth of gold made and used in England both before and since the Conquest worn both by the Clergy and the Kings themselves as may appear out of Math. Paris where he speaks of the Ornaments sent by the Abbots of England to the Pope and also by a Record in the Tower where the King commands the Templars to deliver such Jewels Garments and Ornaments as they had of his in keeping among which he names Dalmaticum velatum de Orefreis that is a damask garment guarded with Orfraies Of old the Jackets or Coat Armors of
be so much as six Oxen will plough Cromp. Iurisd fol. 220. But an Ox-gang seems properly to be spoken of such as lies in Gainour Old nat br fol. fol. 117. Mr. Skene de verbor signif verbo bovata terrae saith an Ox-gang of land should always contain thirteen Acres and that four Oxen-gates extended to a pound land of old extent Oxymel Gr. a Potion or syrrup made of honey vinegar and water sod together good to cut and cleanse gross flegmatick humors sometimes there are boyled certain roots and seeds with it and then it is called Oxymel composiâ—um sometimes it made with honey vinegar and the Sea Onion and then it is named Oxymel Scylliticum which also is of two sorts to wit simple and compound See Dioscor l. 1. c. 22. Galen l. 4. de sanit tuend Oxyporopolist oxyporopola he that sells meat in sharp sawce or syrrup Oyer and Terminer audiendo terminando in true French Oüir and Terminer is in the intendment of our Law a Commission especially granted to certain persons for hearing and determining one or more causes This was wont to be in use upon some sudden outrage or insurrection in any place Crompt Jurisd fo 131. See Assize Oyes a corruption from the Fr. Oyez i. hear ye and is used by Criers in our Courts of Law when they make Proclamation of any thing Ozena Gr. a disease or sore in the Nose causing a stinking savour P PAbular Pabulous pabularis pertaining to Fodder Provender Forrage or meat for Beasts Br. Pabulatory the same Pacal pacalis that brings or signifies peace peaceable Pacator Lat. a pacifier asswager or quieter Pace passus a pace in going a step or stride of these there are two sorts Passus minor vel simplex the measure of two feet and a half which is usually the distance from the toes of the fore-foot to the heels of the hinder foot Passus major sive Geometricus a Pace or fathom of five foot and by this Pace miles are measured In some places they reckon three foot and an half to the Pace Tho. Paciferous pacifer that brings peace and quietness Pacification pacificatio a pleasing peace-making quieting or appeasing Pacifiquâ— Pacificatory pacificatorius of or belonging or serving to make peace and quietness Paction pactio an accord bargain or agreement That Truce which in time of war is concluded upon and accepted of both sides for a certain limited space of time is properly called Paction Pactitious pactitius done by bargain or upon condition or agreement Pactolus a River in Lydia having sandy gravel like gold therefore feigned to have gold in its waters Paddock from the Belg. Padde a Toad Paean Gr. a hymn or song of praise made to Apollo at such time as any plague or pestilence raged and also after the obtaining some victory or triumph as Jo Paean Ovid an exclamation or outery uttering the joy which one hath by any prosperity or welfare Paduenâ—agâ— Fr. common of pasture in one or divers parishes Cotg. Paganalian from Paganalia of or belonging to Wakes Plough-mens Feasts or Country Holy-days Paganical paganicus pertaining to the Country or to Villages Paganism paganismus Heathenism Gentilism the religion or state of the Gentiles also the custom of Country men Page pagina the side of a leaf in a book some confound folio and page when as a folio or leaf properly comprehends two rages others cite a Book by folio's when it is in a large volume and by pages when in a small Paginal from pagina of or belonging to a page Paged an Idol or false god among the East Indians so called Paillardise Fr. Lechery Whoredom Venery also villany wickedness any filthy or beashly humor Paillardizâ— Fr. paillarder to lecher haunt Bawdy-houses to commit Whoredom Païsage Fr. Landskip Country work See Landskip Paladin Fr. a Knight of the round Table also a sort of Nobility in some Countries so called Palate palatum the upper hollow part of the mouth wherein the sence of tasting lies as in the tongue Palatiâ—aâ— pertaining to or that pleaseth the palate Palatinate or County Palatine is a principal County or Shire having as it were the same authority as the Palace or Kings Royal Court hath Of these County Palatines there are four in England viz. Lancaster Chester Durham and Ely An 5 Eliz. 1. cap. 23. But An. 33. H. 8. ca. 10. mention is made of the County Palatine of Hexam Vnde quaere See Cassan de consuet Burg. p. 14. Palatine Fr. Palatin a general or common appellation or title for such as have any special Office or Function in a Sovereign Princes Palace This is the title of the Prince Elector Palatine of Trevers and had its origen à magno Palatio Treverensi Min. Palatine from palatum of or belonging to the Palat or roof of the mouth Hence Palatine letters are such as are pronounced by the help of the Palate as G T R c. Palatine palatinus of or belonging to a Palace or Princes Court It may also be taken for the Hill Palatinus in Rome of which see Esquilinus Paleated paleatus made or mingled with chaff full of chaff or straw Pale Matlle Fr. a game wherein a round bowle is with a Mallet struck through a high arch or iron standing at either end of an Alley which he that can do at the fewest blows or at the number agreed on wins This Game was heretofore used at the Alley near St. Jameses and vulgarly called Pel-Mell Paleous from palea of or belonging to chaff corn or straw Br. Pales a Goddess of the Shepherds Palestrical palaestricus of or pertaining to wrestling that useth or teacheth wrestling also that which is done decently with comely gesture of the body Palindromes Gr. are those sentences or verses where the syllables are the same backward as forward As a noble Lady in Queen Elizabeths days being for a time forbidden the Court for too much familiarity with a great Lord in favour gave this Devise the Moon covered with a cloud and underneath this Palindrome for Motto Ablata at alba Roma tibi subito motibus ibit amor And this in English which is more difficult to compose Lewd did I live and evil I did dwel Palingenesie palingenesia regeneration new birth or second nativity Palinode Palinodie palinodia a recantation a contrary song an unsaying that one hath spoken or written the sound of the retreat Palizado Span Palizada Fr. Palissade a defence or wall of Pales or Stakes or the pointed Stakes in a Fortification to hinder the enemies scaling the Work a term in War Also taken for great posts set up in the entry to a Camp for a defence against great shot Pall pallium a Mantle such as the Knights of the Garter wear a long Garment or Robe which Philosophers wore But it is most used for a Pontifical Vesture made of Lambs Wooll in breadth not exceeding three fingers and having two Labels hanging down before and behinde which the Pope gives or sends
as you may read in Sir Tho. Smith de Republ. Angl. l. 2. c. 1 2. In France those high Courts of Justice where mens causes and differences are publickly determined without further Appeal whereof there be eight in eight capital Cities viz. Paris Grenoble Tholose Dyon Roven Aix Rhemes and Bourdeaux are called Sedentary Parliaments and their Assembly of States General is onely equivalent to our Parliament Parmaceti an excellent ointment so called either from Parma a City of Italy or from Sperma ceti the seed of the Whale a principal ingredient Parmesan a kind of excellent Cheese made at or near Parma in Italy and therefore so called It is also sometime taken for an inhabitant of that Country Parnassian of or belonging to Parnassus a Mountain in Greece sacred to Apollo and the Muses Parochial parochialis of or pertaining to a Parish Parole Fr. a word a term also a speech or saying Lease Parol that is Lease per Parol a Lease by word of mouth not written It is also a term of War when a prisoner is permitted to go at liberty for procuring another Soldier prisoner with the enemy to be exchanged for him or for raising such a ransom by a day agreed on or upon any other occasion or agreement and in default the prisoner gives his Parole i. his word to return during which time we say the prisoner is upon his Parole Paronymous Gr. pertaining to words or terms that have denomination from the same thing but differ in case or termination Paroxysm paroxysmus the first coming or the coming again of an ague the fit or sharp assault of it Parricide see Paricide Parsimony parsimonia thriftiness good-husbandry brevity or sparingness in the use of words Parsimonious sparing frugal thrifty Partage Fr. Partition or parting a sharing or dividing Parthenian parthenius belonging to virginity or to a Maid Parthian belonging to Parthia a Country in Assyria Partiary partiarius a partaker a follower a copartner It may also be used adjectively for partial or that hath respect to persons Hence To Partialize to side bandy be partial or factious to take parts Participate participo to give or take part to be partaker or of counsel Particle particula a small part a parcel a portion a member Participle participium a part of speech among Grammarians so called because it participates both of the Noun and Verb any thing that partakes of another Partion partio à pario a birth a breeding a lying in a laying of Eggs a sitting on brood Partitor Lat. a divider a parter a sharer out a distributer Partisan Fr. a partner partaker accessory confederate or adherent Also Partisan from the Germ. Parthisan or Fr. Pertuisáne a Leading staff a weapon like an Halberd a Javelin Parturient parturiens the travelling or being in labor with childe or young Parvity parvitas smalness littleness slenderness under-age non-age Pas a pas Fr. by little and little by line and leasure by degrees Poco à Poco as the Spaniard says or Pian piano as the Italian Pascage Fr. grazing feeding or pasturing of Cattle Pascal pascalis feeding here and there abroad belonging to pasture Pasche pascha a Passover the Feast of Easter so named of â—oster a Goddess of the old Saxons whose Feast they kept in April Cam. To find out Easter Post Martis nonas ubi sit nova Luna requiras Et cum transierit bis septima Pascha patebit Or thus Inde dies Solis tertia Pascha venit The Jewish Passover was a holy action ordained of God in the killing and eating a Lamb partly to the end the Jewish Church might keep in memory the benefit which God did for them in passing over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt and smiting them not Exod. 12.11 Also to be a Type of Christ the true Paschal Lamb. See Moses and Aaron p. 103. Verstegan says Easter was by the old Saxons called Oster and at this present in Saxony Ostern which comes from Oster-monat their and our old name of April Paschal paschalis of or belonging to the Passover or Easter Pascuous pascuus serving for pasture or for feeding or grazing of Beasts Pasquil or Pasquin from the Italian Pasquino a Libel clapt on a Post or Image so called from Pasquil or Pasquin an old Statue or Image in Rome whereon Libels Detractions and Satyrical Invectives are fixed and on him fathered as their Author There is also in Rome another old Statue called Morforeo whereon they affix answers to those Pasquils Passade Fr. an alms benevolence or entertainment given by or to a Passenger The manage of a Horse backward and forward Passant Fr. passing going it is a term in Heraldry as when we say a Lyon passant that is a Lyon drawn as if he were going or passing along Pase-port Fr. q. passe par tout a Pass or safe-conduct See Safe-conduct Passibility passibilitas suffering or ableness to suffer Passâ—e passus à patior which hath suffered endured sustained Passover See Pasche Pastern talus the ankle or huckle-bone of a Beasts foot Pastilicate pastilico to make in form of little round Balls to minister Pills Pastinate pastino to delve or dig in a garden Pastoral Pastoritions pastoralis belonging to a Shepherd or Pastor Shepherdly Rural A Pastoral pastorale carmen a song of Herdsmen or Shepherds Pasturable which may be turned into or put unto pasture which may be fed on Pasvolant Fr. Passe volant the Artillery called a Base but most commonly a hireling whom a Captain on muster-days foisteth into his company and generally any such Skipjack or base-fellow Patart a Low Country coyn worth a Sol tournois or the Stiver five wherof amount to six pence sterling Patavinity patavinitas the property of or relation to the City Padua Livy was censured by Asinius for Patavinity in his writings by which was meant that he had too much used the phrases or affectations of Padua and neglected those of Rome or as others will have it that the flourishing verdure or overflowing of his stile was in some sort agreeable to the fertility and redundancy of the soyl of that City and Country Patefaction patefactio a declaring discovering or making manifest an opening a Declaration Patelin Fr. a Cogger Colloquer flatterer soother cousener pratler Paten from the Fr. Patin Br. Pattyr or rather from the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. calco because t is always trod upon a kinde of Wooden-shoo with an iron bottom well known see Patin Patent patens open discovered or uncovered appearing manifest Letters Patents Litterae patentes Writings sealed with the Broad Seal of England whereby a man is authorised to do or enjoy any thing that otherwise of himself he could not Anno 19. Hen. 7. cap. 7. And so termed because they are Patentes viz. open with the Seal hanging ready to be shewed for confirmation of the Authority given by them The Kings Letters Patents are called Letters Patents Royal for difference because common persons may grant Patents or
the personality when t is brought against the right person or when the Action is properly personal not real or mixt Personate persono to sound out or perfectly to make a great noise But Personato from persona is more commonly taken to represent the person of another Pâ—rspective from perspicio the Art of advantaging the sight by the help of glasses and other contrivances Perspicacy Perspicacity perspicacia quickness of sight understanding or perceiving a thing ready apprehension Perspicience perspicientia perfect knowledge full perceiving a thing Perspicuity perspicuitas clearness plainness properly in words and sentences Perspirable from perspiro that may or is able to breath through Br. Perspiration perspiratio a breathing through It is as it were a breathing or vaporing of the whole body through the skin Bac. Perstringe perstringo to wring hard to touch a thing sharply in speaking or writing c. Also to deceive Perterebrate perterebro to pierce or bore thorow with a wimble Pertical perticalis belonging to a Perch or Pole Pertinacy pertinacia obstinacy stubbornness stiffness in opinion sometimes it is taken in the good part for perseverance constancy Pertingeâ— pertingens extending reaching or joyning near unto Pertingency a reaching or joyning near unto Pervade pervado to go and enter over all through or into to scape or pass through or by Dr. Charl. Pervagation pervagatio a straying up and down a wandring through or about Perversity perversitas maliciousness of nature where we do overthwartly that we ought not to do frowardness Pervert perverto to overthwart to turn upside down to subvert corrupt destroy A Pervert one that is turned from good to evil as Convert is the contrary Pervicacy pervicacia obstinacy â—teadiness stiffneckedness sometimes perseverance constancy Pervise pervisum a Bar also a conference in former time called the Pervis among the young Councellors Pleaders Attorneys or Students of the Law such as at this day might resemble the course in the Inns of Court or Chancery called Moots and Bolts wherein the form of pleading and arguing a case is exercised for so doth Fortescu chap. 51. commending those Laws prove when he saith That after the Judges were risen at eleven of the clock from hearing Causes at Westminster Placitantes tunc se divertunt ad Pervisum alibi consulentes cum Servientibus ad legem aliis Conciliariis suis Pervious pervius that may be gone in or through that is easie to be passed over or through Perwick or Perwig from the Belg. Perruâ—ck or Fr. perrúque i. a tuff or lock of hair a cap of false or counterfeit hair Peruvians people of Peru in the West Indies so called Pessary pessus is made of soft wool in form of a finger and is a kind of suppository for the secret parts of women Br. Pessundate pessundo to tread or cast under feet to put down or to the worst to cast to the ground as a horse doth his rider Pestarable Wares seem to be such Wares as pester and take up much room in a ship An. 32. H. 8. c 14. Pestiferous pestifer deadly unwholesome that brings death pestilence and destruction Petalism petalismus from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1. a leaf a kinde of banishment for five years among the Siracusians practised by writing the parties name whom they would be rid of in an Olive leaf as at Athens they wrote upon shells Petard or Petarre Fr. petart an Engin of War made like a Bell or Morter wherewith strong Gates are burst open Petaurist petaurista a Dancer on the Ropes a Tumbler a runner upon Lines Petauristick pertaining to tumbling vaulting or dancing upon Ropes Peter Gr. for which the French use Pierre and our Ancestors used Pierce a name of high esteem among Christians since our Saviour named Simon the son of Jona Cephas which is Syriack and by interpretation a stone John 1.42 But fool-wisely have some Peters called themselves Pierius Cam. St. Peter ad vincula see Gule of August Peter-pence Denarii sancti Petri otherwise called in the Saxon tongue Rome-feoâ— i. the fee of Rome or due to Rome and also Rome-scot and Rome-penning was a tribute given by Ina King of the West-Saxons being in pilgrimage at Rome about the year of our Lord 626. which was a penny for every Chimney that smoaked in England Lamberds Explication of Saxon words verbo Nummus Whom see also fol. 128. in St Edw. Laws num 10. See also King Edgars Laws fol. 78. c. 4. Stow in his Annals p. 76. saith He that had thirty penny worth of Goods of one kind in his house of his own proper was to give a penny at Lammas yearly see Rome-scot Petitory petitorius belonging to a Petition or request Petrel see Pectoral Petrification petrificatio a making stony a turning into stone also a disease in the eye and eye-lids Petrifie from Petra to make become stonish or of a hard nature Br. Petrobrusiany a sort of Hereticks that held Christians ought not to keep or observe Feasts c. Petrol petroleum a kind of Marle or Chaulky Clay or rather a substance strained out of the natural Bitumen It is for the most part white but sometimes black and being once set on fire can hardly be quenched see Napthe Petronel Fr. petrinal a horsemans peece first used in the Pyrenean Mountains which was hanged at the Brest ready to shoot Petti-fogger from the Fr. petite and Belg. Foken vel Fâ—yken i. convasare a silly Advocate a petty Attorney or Lawyer or rather a Trouble-Town having neither Law nor Conscience Petty Sergeanty a tenure of Land holden of the King by yielding him a Buckler Arrow Bow or such like see Capite Petty Treason Fr petit Trahison Treason in a lesser or lower kinde If a Servant kill his Master a Wife her Husband a Secular or Religious man his Prelate these are Petit Treasons An. 25. Edw. 3. cap. 2. Whereof see more in Stawnf Pl. Cr. l. 1. c. 2. Cromp. J. of Peace f. 2. For the punishment of Petit Treason see An. 22. H. 8. cap. 14. Petulancâ— petulantia wantonness malepertness impudency reproachful speaking Petulant petulans wanton dishonest reproachful fawcy Pexiâ—y pexitas the long roughness of the Web. Pâ—oeâ—omenon Gr. an appearance either in Heaven or in the Air. Sir H. Wotton Phagâ—denick phagaedenicus that hath or pertains to a kind of Pock or running Cancer which frets through the skin and eats the flesh Phalanx Lat. a military Squadron consisting of eight thousand footmen set in such array that they might encounter with their enemies foot to foot man to man shield to shield Polybius l. 5. says the Phalanx contained above twenty thousand but these numbers still altered Phalangarians phalangarii Souldiers of the Army Phalanx Phalangeary Phalangeous of or pertaining to Phalanx Br. Phalaris Bull Phalaris was a Tyrant of Sicily who tormented Perillus the Artificer first in the brasen Bull he made for the destruction and torture of others whereupon aptly Ovid nec enim lex justior ulla
at Sea by way of lawful prize An. 31. Eliz. ca. 5. Prisage of Wines Ann. 1. H. 8. ca. 5. is a word almost out of use now called Butlerage it is a custom whereby the Prince challenges out of every Bark loaden with Wine containing less then forty Tun two Tun of Wine at his price See Butlerage Priscilla a diminutive of prisca one of this name was a great follower of Montanus the arch Heretick and one of his devilish Prophetesses circa An. Christi 181. Priscillianisis a Sect of Hereticks that had their name from Priscillianus about the year 388 who held two gods one good another bad the Creator of all things and denied the persons of the Blessed Trinity with other gross absurdities Prismatical Glasses from the Gr. Prisma are certain triangular solid glasses in which you may see variety of fine colours c. Mr. White Prism Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the powder or dust of those things that are cut with a Saw also a Geometrical figure so called Pristine pristinus old ancient accustomed wonted Privado Span a Favorite a private friend Privation privatio a depriving bereaving a withdrawing a want or wanting Privative privativus that deprives bereaves or takes away substantively it is a name for such monasyllabical words which being compounded with simple words do deprive and take away the proper sense or meaning of them as in Latin de dis di ex in c. are called Privatives so are dis un in c. in English Probate of Testaments probatio Testamentorum proving of Wills is the producting and insinuating of dead mens Wills before the Judges appointed for that purpose by Act 1653. cap. 2. and 1656. cap. 10. This Probate is made in two sorts either in common form which is onely by the Executors oath or by witnesses Probational Probatical probaticus apt to try or prove Probatick Pond piscina probatica a Pond at Jerusalem where those sheep were washed that were by the Law to be sacrificed it was otherwise called the Pool Bethesda Probationer probator an approver of some deed or sact a prover or trier Also he that is to be approved or allowed in the University for his learning before he be admitted a Fellow Probatum est Lat. it is approved or allowed of it hath been tried Probe or Proof the Fr. call it curette a Chyrurgeons Instrument wherewith he tries the depth of wounds sounds the Bladder and gathers together such gravel congealed blood or other filth as remains in it after a stone taken out Probity probitas goodness honesty vertue integrity Probleme problema a proposition or sentence proposed with a question annexed In Mathematicks it is opposed to Theoreme and signifies such a proposition as is especially referred to practise or the doing of something Tho. Problematical problematicus belonging to a Probleme or hard Question Proboscide proboscis the long snout of an Elephant Procacity procacitas malepertness sawciness wantonness in craving scoffing Procatatetick Gr. which foregoeth or gives beginning to another Dr. Ham. Procere procerus high long tall Dodonas Grove Procerity proceritas length height tallness Procession processio a going on proceeding progress passing forward Also in the late Bishops time it was the custom for Clergy-men to go in Procession in Rogation week they sung Psalms prayed for the fruits of the earth and visited the bounds of their several Parishes now disused Processional from processio pertaining to process or proceeding Prochronism Gr. an error in the connexion of things or computation of time by saying or setting down too much Procidence procidentia a falling down of a thing out of his place Prociduous prociduus that falls out of his right place Procinct procinctus the state of an Army ready to give battel Provision before any thing is done readiness Proclive proclivis ready to fall inclined subject or bent unto Proclivity proclivitas inclination or disposition to any thing easiness to fall facility Proconsul Lat. he who having been Consul went out of his Magistracy at the years end with an extraordinary Consular power into his Country to govern it It is sometimes taken for a Deputy or one instead or place of a Consul under the Emperors those Governors of Provinces who were appointed by the Senate and people were called Proconsuls Godw. Procrastinate procrastino to drive off from day to day to prolong the time to delay Procreate procreo to engender to beget to bring forth Proculcation proculcatio a treading or trampling under foot Procurator Lat a Proctor Factor or Solicitor one that looks to another mans affairs Procurator is also used for him that gathers the fruits of a Benefice for another man And Procuracy for the specialty whereby he is authorised An. 3. Ric. 1. Stat. 1. ca. 2. They are at this day in the West parts called Proctors In the Republick of Venice the Procurator is the second person in dignity Prodigence prodigentia prodigality wastefulness riot unthriftiness Prodigy prodigium a thing seldom seen which signifies some great good or evil to follow a wonder Prodigious prodigiosus monstrous wonderful marvellous contrary to the common course of nature Proditorious preditorius belonging to a Traytor Traytor-like Sir H. Wot Prodrome prodromus the fore-runner or news bringer of another mans coming a preparer of the way Producate Product produx that which is produced or brought forth out of another a term in Arithmetick Production productio the making a thing long a driving off a bringing forth Proeme prooemium a preface or a beginning to any matter Profection profectio a passage or setting forth towards a Voyage a departing a going forth Profectitious See Adventitious Proficient proficiens helping profiting doing much good also used substantively as when we say A. is a good Proficient in learning that is one that profits or proceeds well in it Profile Ital. profilo that design which shews the side with the rising or falling of any work as a place drawn sideways that is so as onely one side or moyety of it may be seen is called the Profile and is a term in Painting Profligate profligo to overthrow to drive away to undo to bring to destruction to put to slight Profluence profluentia abundance plenty flowing store of Profundeur Fr. Profondeur profundity depth deepness Profundity profunditas deepness of great receip◠Profusion profusio a pouring out spending a needless wasting Progeny progenies Issue Off-spring success in blood Progenitor Lat. a Grandfather Fore father or Ancestor Prognosticks prognostica tokens or signs of a thing to come Books treating of Prognostication or things to come Progression pregressio going forward a proceeding a progress A moneth of Progression see Moneth Progressional progressus that hath passed or gone forward Br. Prohibitio◠prohibitio a forbidding Also a Writ framed for the forbidding any Court either spiritual or secular to proceed in any cause there depending upon suggestion that the cognition thereof belongs not to the said Court Fitz. nat br fol. 39. G. Prohibitory
prohibitorius that belongs to forbidding Projectitious projectitius cast out and nourished of a stranger flung away as of no account Projecture projectura the jutting or leaning out in Pillars or other buildings the coping of a wall Prolatation prolatatio a delaying an enlarging a deferring or prolonging Prolation prolatio a speaking or pronouncing a shewing or bringing forth a delaying Prolegate Prolegatus a Deputy Legat or one that stands for a Legat. Prolepsie prolepsis a natural fore-knowledge conceived in the mind hence a figure in speaking whereby we prevent and avoid what another intended to alledge against us Proleptical belonging to the figure Prolepsis or to fore knowledge Proleptical time is that which is fixed in the Chaos Greg. Proletarious Proletaneous proletarius proletaneus of a poor and base condition that has many children and little maintenance or that gives nothing to the Common-wealth but onely a supply of children A Proletarious Speech proletarius sermo the common and vulgar speech complement or words of course as when one says to his friend Pardon my boldness and the other answers You are not so bold as welcome or the like Tho. Prolifical prolificus fruitful that breeds or brings forth issue apace Prolification prolificatio a making fruitful Br. Prolix prolixus long large high liberal sumptuous Prolixity prolixitas length largeness abundance Prologue prologus a preface a fore-speech The Prologue is such as either opens the state of the Comedy or Fable or such as commends it or the Poet to the people or such as refutes the objections and cavils of adversaries Prologâ—utor Lat. he that speaks before or for others or that speaks at length The Speaker or Chair-man of each Convocation-house or of a Synod is so termed His Office is to command the Clerk to call the names of such as are of that House when he sees cause to cause all things propounded to be read by him to gather the suffrages and such like Prolusion prolusio an Essay or flourish made to try what one can do before he fight indeed a Proof Prolyte prolyta a Licenciate of the Laws or one that has studied the Law four years Promenade see Pourmenade Prometheus son to Japetus who for stealing fire out of Heaven to make life in his Images was by Jupiter bound to Caucasus where an Eagle gnawed his heart c. Hence the fire of Prometheus Poetically used Prominence prominentia the extending or jutting of a thing out or over a Penthouse By this word Anatomists understand what portion soever notably surmounts the parts circumjacent in thickness as a hill in the plain Prominent prominens appearing or standing out further then another or above and before others extending to hanging over Promiscuous promiscuus confused mingled common to many indifferent mixed without order or consideration Promissary he to whom a promise is made Mr. White Promentorâ— promontorium q. mons in mari prominens a hill lying out as an elbow of land into the Sea a Mountain or head of land butting out upon the Sea Promoters Promotores are those who in popular and penal actions defer the names or complain of Offenders having part of the profit for their reward These were called among the Romans Quadruplatores or Delatores They belong especially to the Exchechequer and Upper-Bench Smith de Repub Angl. l. 2. c. 14. Promptitude promptitudo readiness quickness proneness Promptuary promptuarium a Cellar a Store-house a Spense a Buttery Promulgation promulgatio a publishing a proclaiming a noising abroad The Law was hanged up publickly in the Market-place for three Market days which kind of publishing the Law was termed Legis Promulgatio quasi provulgatio Pro-nephew pronepos a Nephews son Prone pronus having the face down inclined stooping downward ready easie Propagate propago to cut down an old Vine that of it many young may be planted to make to spread to extend or dilate Propelled from propello driven or put away a far off thrust or set forwards Propension propensio inclination of mind readiness proneness propensity Propense propensus heavy greatly inclined very ready and prone to Properate propero to go quickly or hastily to say or do quickly to make haste or speed Prophetize propheto to prophecy or foretel things to come to sing praises to God To preach or interpret Prophylactic prophylacticus preservative or that serves instead of an Antidote Dr. Ham. Paraen Propination propinatio a drinking to one a bidding one drink Propinquity propinquitas nearness Neighborhood also Affinity Alliance Kindred Propitiate propitio to reconcile and appease God with Sacrifices to please to pacifie also to asswage or mitigate Propitiatory propitiatorium the place where God is pacified also a Table or Cover set on the Arke of the Old Testament on either side whereof was a Cherubin of Gold with the wings spread over the Propitiatory and their faces looking one towards another It is also used adjectively as belonging to such a Sacrifice Propâ—tious propitius not displeased merciful favorable propice gentle Proposition propositio that whereby we shew what we will speak or prove a sentence or matter propounded a Question or Position In Logick the first part of a Syllogism is called the Proposition or Major and this hath three parts Subjectum Praedicatum and Copula as Peter is a man Peter is the Subject Man is the Predicate or Attribute and the Verb is is the Copula or tying them together Propraetor Lat. a Lieutenant appointed by the Emperor to govern a Province with the Authority of a Pretor a Lord Justice The Translator of Livie saith t is more properly he who having been Pretor went out of his Magistracy at the years end and was sent into his Province again with full authority of Pretor Proprietary proprietarius he to whom the property of a thing belongs It is most commonly used for him that hath the fruits of a Benefice to him and his Heirs or successors as in time past Abbots and Priors had to them and their successors see Appropriation Propudious propudiosus that is filthily abused in leachery or full of shameful infamy Propugnacle propugnaculum a Fortress a strong-hold a Bulwark a Defence a Block-house Propugnator Lat. a defender a maintainer one that fights in defence of some person Propulsation propulsatio a putting away a driving back a chasing forward a repelling Propulsory propulsorius that serves to put away or drive back Prorepsion prorepsio a creeping forward a stealing forward by little and little a growing spreading or coming forth Icon. Basil Proter Lat. a Viceroy he that in the Kings absence supplies his place and represents his person Proritate porito to provoke to allure to stir up to exasperate Prorogue prorogo to prolong defer or put off till another day to continue As we say the Parliament is Prorogued when it is adjourned or put off for some time but not ended The Romans if they did impose a law to be made by the people were said rogare legem because of asking moving
Angels c. See Epiphan Haeres 9. 14. and Moses and Aaron p. 48. Sambenito Span. or Sanbenito properly santo Benito St Benet but it is usually taken for a coat of course Sackcloth in which Penitents in Spain are reconciled to the Church And in that respect it may be called Sanbenito quasi Saco benedicto a blessed Sackcloth Sambuâ— sambuca an instrument of Musick which we commonly take for a Dulcimer Also an Engin of War set by a rowling Tower which by Ropes and Pullies clapt the Bridge suddenly from the Tower to the besieged walls Samian samius of or pertaining to the Isle Samos or to an earthen pot or a Whetstone because there were good ones in that Isle Samplar a corruption from Examplar a pattern or copy to imitate an extract or draught most used for a pattern of several sorts of needle-work Sampson Heb. there the second time Samuel Hebr. placed of God Sanable sanabilis that may be healed curable Sanative sanativus healing curing Bac. Sance Bell campana sancta the sanctus Bell a little Bell formerly in every Church which was rung when the Priest said Sanctus sanctus sanctus Dominus Deus Sabaoth Sâ—tification sanctificatio a hallowing sanctifying or making holy a separation of things or persons from common or prophane use Sanctiloquent sanctiloquus that speaks holily Sanctimony sanctimonia holiness devoutness religiousness Sanction sanctio a Law a Decree established also a penal Statute Sanctuary sanctuarium a holy or sanctified place as Temple Church or Chappel In the old Law it was the most holy place of the Tabernacle wherein God gave visible tokens of his presence Psal 20.2 And more particularly it is a place priviledged by the Prince for the safe-guard of offenders lives being founded on the Law of Mercy and on the great reverence and devotion which the Prince bears to the place whereunto he grants such a Priviledge Of this you may read Stawnf pl. Cor. lib. 2. ca. 38. This seems to have taken beginning from the Cities of Refuge which Moses appointed them to flie unto for safeguard of their lives that had casually slain a man Exod. 21. In bastardly imitation whereof first the Athenians then Romulus erected such a place of immunity which they and he after them called Asylum The Emperors of Rome made the places of their own Statues or Images and Churches also places of Refuge as appears Cod. l. 1. tit 15. But among all other Nations the antient Kings of England seem to have attributed most to these Sanctuaries permitting them to shelter such as had committed both Felonies and Treasons so that within Forty days they acknowledged their fault and submitted themselves to banishment During which time if any man expelled them if he were Lay he was Excommunicated if a Clerk he was made irregular but after forty days no man might relieve them see Fleta lib. 1 cap. 29. And how by degrees they have been taken away you may read partly in him and partly in several Statutes Sanctum Sanctorum i.e. the Holy of Holys was the holiest place of the Jewes Temple where the Ark was kept and whereinto none entred but the High Priest and he but once a year Sandal Heb. sandal Lat. sandalium a Slipper or Pantofle also a kind of old fashioned shoo open and fastned with Latchets on the Instep such as religious persons wear Also Sandal or Saunders santalum a precious wood brought out of India whereof there are three kinds to wit red yellow and white Saunders They are all of a cooling nature especially the red which is often used in Physick against hot diseases Sandarack sandaracha the best red Arsenick or Orpine a bright Painters red whereof there are two kinds one the right and better found in Mines of Gold and Silver the other made of burned Ceruse Sanglant Fr. bloody bleeding embrued or full of blood Sanglier Fr. a wilde Bore five years old Sanguinary sanguinarius cruel thirsty bloody desirous of or delighted in shedding blood Sanguine Sanguineous sanguineus bloody full of blood cruel red Sanguin colour is a blood red colour or my Ladies Blush Sanguin in Heraldry signifies a murrey colour but is commonly taken for a complexion most inclineable to blood Sanguin flesh caro sanguinea is that which is engendred of blood of which sort is the flesh compounded in the Muscles the Heart and the rest of Sanguin Substance the Anatomists call it the proper flesh and Exanguis the improper Sanguinolent sanguinolentus bloody full of blood merciless Sanhedrim or Sanhedrin Hebr. Synedrion or Synedrium Gr. signifies generally the place where Counsellors meet to consult of and determine matters also the Assembly it self But by an appropriation of the word it is commonly taken for the highest Court of Judicature or supreme Council of the Jews which consisted of the High Priest and seventy Seniors or Elders from which number it was called by them in Hebrew words signifying Domus judicii septuaginta unius i. a Court of seventy and one Judges and it was as it were their Parliament to consult about to judge and decide the greatest matters that could arise in their Ecclesiastical or Civil Common-wealth as to determine the Controversies that might happen concerning their High Priest true and false Prophets differences betwixt Nation and Nation Tribe and Tribe c. This High Court was first by the commandment of God instituted in the Wilderness by Moses whilst under his conduct the children of Israel were on their journey out of Egypt towards the Land of Promise and afterwards it continued still in vigor till our Saviors Passion Besides this great Sanhedrim called Sanhedrim Gedola the Jews had two lesser or inferior to it the one consisting of three Judges to the Examination and Decision of which Court the most petty actions were subject As private Quarrels Thefts and the like this they called by words of their Language signifying Domus judicii trium virum The Court of three Judges The other consisted of twenty and three and so was termed Domus judicii viginti trium to whose Court belonged the Decision of weightier Sutes and capital Causes These Courts were erected in several places according to the exigence and commodity of their Country whereas their other supreme Court after their possession of the Land of Promise and the settlement of their Common-wealth was only held in Jerusalem Jews might appeal from those inferior Courts to this but from this there lay no appeal Four kinds of death were in their power Stoning Burning Sword Strangling and they fasted all that day when they condemned any to death See Moses and Aaron p. 189. The Talmudists use the word Sinhedriin for the aforesaid great Council Synedrians synedri are the Counsellors Judges or Members of that Court. Sanity sanitas health soundness good estate of wit and memory Saniacks or Sansiakes are Governors of Cities among the Turks Sante Santoâ— or Sancton Span. a holy man a great Saint Saphire sapphirus a precious stone
fighting a privy exercise a shadow or image of contention or fighting Sciater Lat. an instrument used in chusing the scituation of Cities Sciatherical from Sciathericon of or pertaining to a Sun-Dial Sciatica Lat. a Gout in the Hip caused by gross and flegmatick humors gathered in the hollowness of its joynt Sciatique Vein Vena sciatica is seated above the outward ankle Science scientia cunning skill learning knowledge The seven Liberal Sciences are these Grammar Logick Rhetorick Astrology Geometry Arithmetick and Musick Scientifical scientificus of exceeding skil or wonderful knowledge Scimitat see Scy Scintillation scintillatio a sparkling up of fire or new wine leaping in the glass Scioluâ— sciolus a smatterer in any knowledge one that fancies himself to be a wit and to know more then indeed he doth Sciolous pertaining to such a Sciolist or smatterer in learning Sciâ—antie sciomantia the part of Necromancy practised by shadows Scion à scindendo quia scinditur ex arbore a Graff a young Plant a shoot or sprig Sciotherical see Sciatherical Schiph scapha a ship-boat commonly all of one peece Scipper or Schipper is a Dutch word signifying the Master of a ship Ann. 1 Jac. sess 1. ca. 34. But we usually take Skippers for common Seamen or Mariners Scirpean scirpeus of or pertaining to Bulrushes Scirrhous from scirrhus pertaining to a hard swelling without pain grown in the flesh within the skin caused through choller thick cold or clammy flegm Dr. Br. Scisile or Scissible scissilis easie to cut or that may be cut or divided Scissure scissura a cleft a cut or rent the division or parting of a River Scitament scitamentum a kinde of meat having a very pleasant taste Also pleasantness or a fine or witty thing set to adorn ones talk Scite scitum an Ordinance Decree or Statute Scolion see Scholy Scom scomma a scoff a mock a sentence spoken in mirth that sounds otherwise then it is meant by him that speaks it Sconce from the Teut. Schanâ—s a Block-house or Fortification in War also taken for the Head because a Sconce or Block-house is made for the most part round in fashion of a Head whence comes the term in Oxford to Sconce one Lat. Mulctare pecunia i. to set up so much in the Buttery Book upon his head to pay as a punishment for his offence committed Min. Scopelism from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 rockiness or the being full of Rocks Scopâ—icks from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cavillor Jests Jeers Flouts Cavils sentences or words spoken in mirth that sound otherwise then they were meant Scopulous scopulosus full of rocks very rocky Scorbute scorbutus the disease called the Scurvy Scorbutical pertaining or subject to that disease Scorpion scorpio a venemous Worm with seven feet bearing his sting in his Tail with which he strikes mischievously they may be killed with fasting spettle of a sound man Also one of the Twelve Signs which Vide in Zodiack Also a kind of warlike Engine wherewith to shoot small Arrows or Darts called also an Onager which you shall finde described by Marcellinus l. 23 cap. 3. Also a kinde of Scourge mentioned 1 Kings 12.12 Scorrator Lat a whoremonger a hunter of Harlots Scot and Lot An. 33. H. 8. cap. 19. signifies a customary contribution laid upon all Subjects after their ability Scot comes from the Fr. Escot i. symbolum a shot Rastal saith 't is a certain custom or common Tallage made to the use of the Sheriff or his Bayliff Scot says Camden illud dicitur quod ex diversis rebus in unum acervum aggregatur And in this sence it is still used for when Good-fellows met at the Tavern or Alehouse they at parting call for a Shot Scot or Reckoning And he is said to go Scot-free that pays not his part or share towards it Scotists scotistae those that follow the opinions of Joannes Scotus otherwise called John Duns the subtile Doctor who was born as some contest in Scotland as others in the North of England he was a Minorite very eminent in Scholastick Divinity and died young at Colen in the year 1308. his followers are opposers of the Thomists Scotomy scotoma a disease in the head with a dimness in the eyes which makes all things seem to go round This word comes from the Greek and is the same with Vertigo in Latin Scotomatical scotomaticus that is troubled with such a whimsey in the head Scottering unde nescio in Herefordshire Boys at the latter end of Harvest use to burn a wad of Pease in the Straw which they call a Scottering and eat the Pease being so parched Scovel from the Italian Scovola a Malkin to make clean an Oven hence perhaps our word Shovel Scout Belg. Schouwt Fr. Escoute a discoverer or fore-runner of an Army or one sent out to espy and bring tidings of the enemies purpose In Holland they have an Officer in their Towns called a Scout who is chosen by the States and with the Balues have the judging of all criminal matters in last resort without Appeal and have also the determining civil causes appealable to the Hague Screable screabilis that may be spitted out Scribes scribae mentioned in Scripture their office was twofold 1. To read and expound the Law in the Temple and Synagogues 2. To execute the office of a Judge in ending and composing Actions Heyl. Scriptorian scriptorius belonging to or serving for writing Scrofulous from scrofula pertaining to or full of Wens or such tumors about the neck Scruâ— is a kind of fuel which poor people when siring is dear gather up at â—bâ—ng water in the bottom of the Thames about London and 〈◊〉 of Coal little sticks of Wâ— Cockle-shells and the like Scruple scriptulum is of Troy weight seven grains and an half the third part of a dram and a dram the third part of an ounce Also doubtfulness or over-much fear to offend in point of conscience Scrupular scrupularis of or belonging to a scruple small Scrupulosity scrupulositas curiousness of conscience anxiety doubtfulness Scrutable scrutabilis that may be searched or traced out Scrutiny scrutinium a search or diligent enquiry a perusal of Suffrages Sculptor Lat. a graver or carver Sculpture sculptura a graving or carving Scurrile scurrilis pertaining to scoffing or fancy jesting Scurrility scurrilitas immoderate jesting saucy scoffing Scutage see Escuage Scutchin see Thole Scutchion from Scutum a Coat of Arms or Shield See Escotcheon It is sometimes also taken for the bud of a Tree cut off with part of the bark for inoculation Scutiferous scutifer that bears a Buckler or Shield Scutiform in forma scuti fashioned like a Scutcheon or Shield Scylla a gulf or dangerous place in the Sicilian Sea see Charibdis Scymitar or Scimitar Italian Scimitara a crooked flat back'd short sword used by the Turks and Persians Scytale scytala a field Mouse c. Also a little round staff which the Lacedemonians used to write secret letters on And in
Northern Circle before spoken of is to the North Pole These Parallels are also called Aequidistants There is another sort of Parallels two of which go to a Clime called Artificial Parallels because they shew the differences of artificial days c. Heyl. To Parallel to compare or match Parallelogram parallelogrammus having lines every where a like distant a long square Paralogism paralogismus a deceitful conclusion or captious reasoning a manner of arguing which seems true when it is not As in saying He that affirms Peter to be a living creature saith true He that affirms Peter to be a Bear affirms him to be a living Creature Therefore he that affirms Peter to be a Bear says true To Paralogize to reason captiously argue deceitfully conclude falsly Br. Paralysis Gr. a resolution of the sinews a depriving of the feeling or moving or of both in any part of the body the Palsie Paralytick paralyticus sick of the Palsie Paraments Robes of state or the place where they are kept Chauc Paramount from the Fr. par i. per and mounter i. ascendere is in our Law the highest Lord of the Fee For there may be a Tenant to a Lord that holds over of another Lord the first of these is called Lord Mesn the second Lord Paramount c. Paramor peramator a Lover he or she a Sweetheart Paranymph Paranymphus an Orator who a little before the Commencement of Doctors c. makes a publick Speech in commendation of their sufficiency also an overseer of a Wedding a Bride-dresser or he or she that bears all the sway at the Bridal Parapet Ital. Parapetto q. propter pectus a Wall or Defence brest-high on the upper part of a Rampier to defend from the enemies shot Paraph Fr. paraphe the flourish or peculiar knot or mark set unto after or instead of a name in the signing a Deed or Letter and generally any such graceful setting out of a mans hand or name in writing also a subsignature or signing under Paraphonalia is used in our Law but in the Civil it is Paraphernalia which are those goods a Wife brings her Husband over and besides her Dowry or Marriage-money as Furniture for her own Chamber her own Apparel and Jewels if she be of quality all which she must have and not the Executors of the Husband c. Shep. Fa. Counc 122. Paraphrase paraphrasis a free manner of exposition or interpretation wherein a man ties not himself to express every word as it lies in the Copy but to explicate and adorn the matter more at large or to abridge it yet stil keeping the Authors sence Any such Exposition is called a Paraphrase or Paraphrastical Exposition Paraphrast paraphrastes a Paraphraser one that expounds a Text by other words then it is written in Parasang parasanga a measure of ground containing thirty Stades i.e. three miles and three quarters of ours Parasite parasitus a flatterer a Trencher-friend a smel-feast one that is full hanging on some rich man feeding his humor with flattery to the end to partake of his good Cheer Hence Parasitical pertaining to a Parasite Those Plants or Supercrescences are called Parasitical plants that live upon the stock of others as Parasites do such are Misseltoe Polypody Moss and others Paratragediate paratragoedio to help to set forward a Tragedy to make a matter much worse then indeed it is Parature paratura the matter whereof any thing is made Parcae the three Ladies of destiny Clotho Lachesis and Atropos The first bears a Distaff the second spins the thred of mans life the third cuts off the same thred c. with like fabulous stories Parceners Parcinary See Coparceners Parciloquy parciloquium a sparing or nigardly speech Parcity parcitas scantness nearness niggardliness thrift frugality Pard Pardus the Beast called a Libard Pareasse Pareas a Serpent having to the greatness of his body but a small head yet such a wide mouth that he is able to swallow a whole Pigeon and as he creeps makes a Furrow on the ground with his tail Parellelisation or rather Parallelisation a making Parallels or likes a comparison El. of Armories Parellelogram See Parallelogram Parenetick paraeneticus containing such fatherly or Masterly admonitions or exhortations as may not be gainsaid Hence Parenetick paraenetica are taken for verses full of precepts or admonitions Parent parens à pareo obedient dutiful serviceable Parental parentalis of or pertaining to our Ancestors or Parents Parentation parentatio a celebrating Funerals or Obsequies properly of parents Parenthesis Gr. a word or clause comprehended within another sentence in such sort that it may be left out yet the sence still remain whole and is commonly enclosed with two half circles thus as in Virgil. Aeneas neque enim patriam consistere mentem Passus amor rapidum ad naves praemittit Achatem Pâ—rentâ—de parenticida he that murders his Father Mother or dear Friend Parâ—rgâ—â—ergon or Parerâ—m Gr. Parergue Fr. an addition or acceâ—s a thing put unto though no part of the matter any thing that is beside the principal question point or purpose in hand see Landskip Patâ— Marble a sort of pure white Marble had from the Isle Paros and therefore so called Pariation pariatio evenness of account where as much is laid out as received Paricide Paricida a murtherer of his Father Mother or any of his near Kindred any hainous murtherer and from Paricidium it signifies the Act it self Paricidal paricidalis belonging to such murder cruel Paâ—ieâ—t pariens travelling with young lying in travel bringing forth young Parilian Palilian Feasts parilia Feasts or Festival days dedicated to the goddess Pales for the preservation of Cattel Parility parilitas likeness evenness equality resemblance Parish parochia a multitude of neighbors within a certain compass of ground pertaining to one Church This Land was first divided into Parishes by Honorius Archbishop of Canterbury in the year of our Lord 637. Cam. Brit. Of these Parish Churches there are in England and Wales 9285. according to Speed Parisyllable parisyllabus an equal syllable Parisyllabical parisyllabicus that hath equal syllables those words are called Parisyllabical which have no more syllables in one then another as fama mensa c. So likewise we say in Grammar the first decleâ—sion of Nouns is Parisyllabique because all the Cases of such Nouns in the singular number especially have even syllables as Gemma gemmae gemmae gemmam gemma gemma c. Parity paritas likeness equality evenness Paritude Pariture or Parture from pario a breeding or ingendring the time of travail or deliverance of child or young Parliament or Parlement Fr. q. Parler le ment or Parlament from the Italian and Spanish Parlamento With us it was antiently the Assembly of the King and the three Estates of the Realm viz. The Lords Spiritual Temporal and Commons for debating matters touching the Commonwealth and especially the making and correcting Laws which Assembly or Court is of all other the highest and of greatest authority