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and_o the_o more_o ancient_a the_o more_o suspicious_a but_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n and_o three_o chief_a judge_n declare_v 783._o that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n every_o bishop_n in_o his_o diocese_n and_o the_o archbishop_n in_o convocation_n may_v make_v canon_n to_o bind_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o jurisdiction_n 3._o the_o subordinate_a jurisdiction_n which_o be_v lodge_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o clergy_n resident_a in_o cathedral_n church_n and_o of_o archdeacon_n in_o the_o several_a diocese_n i_o can_v find_v either_o of_o these_o to_o have_v have_v any_o jurisdiction_n here_o before_o the_o conquest_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o court_n of_o justice_n out_o of_o the_o several_a county_n before_o for_o all_o cause_n be_v transact_v in_o the_o county-court_n and_o sheriff_n turn_v and_o appeal_n lie_v from_o they_o to_o the_o supreme_a judicature_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n but_o this_o do_v not_o hinder_v but_o these_o court_n may_v 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that_o the_o archdeacon_n be_v the_o bishop_n officer_n and_o his_o authority_n subordinate_a to_o the_o bishop_n 443._o and_o grant_v by_o they_o but_o if_o special_a custom_n be_v plead_v that_o must_v be_v well_o prove_v to_o which_o dodderidge_n agree_v but_o we_o must_v distinguish_v between_o archdeaconries_n by_o prescription_n for_o which_o i_o can_v find_v no_o foundation_n be_v all_o derive_v by_o grant_n from_o the_o bishop_n and_o archdeacon_n have_v some_o kind_n of_o jurisdiction_n by_o prescription_n which_o other_o have_v not_o which_o can_v be_v deny_v all_o the_o power_n which_o the_o archdeacon_n have_v by_o virtue_n of_o their_o office_n be_v per_fw-la modum_fw-la scrutationis_fw-la simplicis_fw-la archdiac_n as_o lyndwood_n speak_v tanquam_fw-la vicarius_fw-la episcopi_fw-la whatever_o power_n they_o have_v beyond_o this_o be_v not_o jure_fw-la communi_fw-la but_o jure_fw-la speciali_fw-la and_o depend_v either_o upon_o grant_n or_o custom_n which_o the_o gloss_n on_o the_o legatine_n constitution_n call_v a_o limit_a jurisdiction_n 27._o the_o archdeacon_n court_n be_v declare_v by_o the_o judge_n in_o woodward_n '_o s_o case_n 269._o to_o have_v be_v 339._o time_n out_o of_o mind_n settle_v as_o a_o distinct_a court_n from_o which_o there_o lie_v a_o appeal_n to_o the_o bishop_n court_n by_o the_o statute_n 24_o h._n 8._o c._n 12._o and_o so_o the_o archdeacon_n jurisdiction_n be_v found_v on_o a_o immemorial_n custom_n in_o subordination_n to_o the_o bishop_n as_o to_o dean_n and_o chapter_n i_o observe_v these_o thing_n 1._o that_o although_o ecclesiastical_a body_n in_o cathedral_n be_v very_o ancient_a yet_o we_o read_v not_o of_o any_o jurisdiction_n peculiar_a to_o themselves_o during_o the_o saxon_a time_n 75._o my_o lord_n coke_n say_v there_o be_v chapter_n as_o the_o bishop_n council_n before_o they_o have_v distinct_a possession_n and_o by_o their_o book_n he_o say_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o bishop_n part_v with_o some_o of_o their_o possession_n to_o they_o and_o so_o they_o become_v patron_n of_o the_o prebend_n of_o the_o church_n such_o be_v london_n york_n and_o litchfield_n 2._o that_o several_a of_o our_o chapter_n be_v found_v and_o endow_v by_o the_o bishop_n since_o the_o conquest_n such_o be_v that_o of_o salusbury_n by_o osmund_n out_o of_o his_o own_o estate_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o charter_n and_o the_o confirmation_n of_o h._n 2._o so_o be_v that_o of_o lincoln_n by_o remigius_n who_o remove_v the_o see_v from_o dorchester_n thither_o and_o place_v there_o a_o dean_n treasurer_n preceptor_n and_o seven_o archdeacon_n as_o henry_n of_o huntingdon_n say_v who_o live_v near_o the_o time_n and_o in_o follow_v time_n those_o of_o exeter_n and_o wells_n be_v settle_v as_o dean_n and_o chapter_n for_o they_o be_v ecclesiastical_a body_n before_o but_o not_o under_o that_o denomination_n 3._o that_o some_o have_v the_o legal_a right_n of_o dean_n and_o chapter_n as_o to_o election_n of_o bishop_n and_o confirmation_n of_o lease_n etc._n etc._n but_o be_v a_o monastic_a body_n consist_v of_o prior_n and_o convent_n such_o be_v canterbury_n winchester_n worcester_z after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o secular_a canon_n for_o the_o monk_n not_o only_o enjoy_v their_o land_n but_o be_v willing_a enough_o to_o continue_v the_o name_n of_o dean_n among_o they_o as_o at_o canterbury_n after_o dunstan_n time_n agelmothas_n be_v call_v dean_n in_o worcester_n wolstan_n be_v call_v dean_n when_o he_o be_v prior_n 140._o and_o winsius_fw-la upon_o the_o first_o change_n be_v say_v to_o be_v place_v loco_fw-la decani_fw-la 969._o by_o florence_n of_o worcester_n at_o norwich_n herbert_n the_o bishop_n found_v the_o prior_n and_o convent_n out_o of_o his_o own_o possession_n in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n ii_o and_o they_o become_v the_o chapter_n of_o the_o bishop_n by_o their_o foundation_n 120._o now_o as_o to_o these_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o norwich_n case_n that_o when_o the_o king_n transfer_v they_o from_o a_o prior_n and_o convent_n the_o legal_a right_n remain_v the_o same_o b._n and_o in_o hayward_n and_o fulcher_n case_n 75._o the_o judge_n declare_v 501._o that_o a_o ecclesiastical_a body_n may_v surrender_v their_o land_n but_o they_o can_v dissolve_v their_o corporation_n 168._o but_o they_o still_o remain_v a_o chapter_n to_o the_o bishop_n and_o it_o be_v not_o only_o then_o deliver_v but_o since_o insist_v upon_o in_o a_o famous_a case_n 14._o that_o it_o be_v the_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n that_o a_o surrender_n can_v be_v make_v by_o a_o dean_n and_o chapter_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o bishop_n because_o he_o have_v a_o interest_n in_o they_o 4._o that_o h._n 8._o endow_v some_o as_o chapter_n to_o new_a erect_a bishopric_n as_o chester_n bristol_n oxford_n etc._n etc._n 31_o h._n 8_o 9_o 34_o h._n 8._o 17._o and_o unite_v other_o as_o bath_n and_o wells_n and_o coventry_n and_o litchfield_n 33_o h._n 8._o 30._o 34_o h._n 8._o 15._o 5._o that_o where_o the_o custom_n have_v so_o obtain_v there_o may_v be_v a_o legal-chapter_n without_o a_o dean_n as_o in_o the_o diocese_n of_o s._n david_n and_o landaff_n where_o there_o be_v no_o other_o head_n of_o the_o chapter_n but_o the_o bishop_n but_o they_o must_v act_v as_o a_o distinct_a body_n in_o election_n and_o confirmation_n of_o grant_n by_o the_o bishop_n 6._o that_o by_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o england_n there_o be_v sole_a ecclesiastical_a corporation_n as_o well_o as_o aggregate_v a_o sole_a ecclesiastical_a corporation_n be_v where_o a_o single_a person_n represent_v a_o whole_a succession_n and_o under_o that_o capacity_n be_v impower_v to_o receive_v and_o to_o convey_v a_o estate_n to_o his_o successor_n as_o bishop_n dean_n archdeacon_n 〈…〉_z parson_n etc._n etc._n but_o parson_n and_o vicar_n be_v seize_v only_o in_o right_n of_o the_o church_n but_o as_o to_o a_o bishop_n he_o may_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o
to_o their_o brethren_n and_o answer_n to_o the_o accusation_n bring_v against_o they_o but_o suppose_v they_o will_v not_o and_o other_o of_o the_o brethren_n say_v they_o ought_v not_o and_o so_o fall_v into_o heat_n and_o dispute_n among_o themselves_o about_o it_o and_o make_v new_a party_n and_o division_n be_v not_o this_o a_o admirable_a way_n of_o preserve_a peace_n and_o order_n and_o discipline_n in_o a_o church_n and_o i_o be_o as_o certain_a this_o be_v not_o the_o way_n of_o christ_n appoint_v as_o i_o be_o that_o god_n be_v the_o god_n of_o order_n and_o not_o of_o confusion_n and_o that_o when_o christ_n leave_v the_o legacy_n of_o peace_n to_o his_o church_n he_o leave_v a_o power_n in_o some_o to_o see_v his_o will_n perform_v but_o these_o thing_n can_v never_o be_v object_v against_o we_o for_o all_o be_v member_n of_o the_o same_o body_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o certain_a and_o know_v rule_n and_o if_o any_o be_v guilty_a of_o open_a violation_n of_o it_o the_o way_n be_v open_a to_o accuse_v and_o prosecute_v they_o and_o if_o they_o be_v find_v guilty_a the_o censure_n of_o the_o church_n will_v render_v they_o uncapable_a of_o do_v it_o in_o such_o a_o station_n or_o at_o least_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o confession_n of_o their_o fault_n and_o promise_v of_o future_a amendment_n and_o now_o i_o leave_v any_o one_o to_o judge_v whether_o the_o parochial_a clergy_n be_v not_o under_o great_a and_o better_a discipline_n than_o the_o teacher_n of_o the_o separate_a congregation_n ii_o but_o the_o great_a complaint_n of_o such_o man_n be_v that_o we_o want_v parochial_a and_o congregational_a discipline_n so_o that_o fault_n shall_v be_v examine_v and_o punish_v where_o they_o have_v be_v commit_v but_o instead_o of_o that_o all_o matter_n be_v draw_v into_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n and_o there_o cause_n be_v manage_v so_o as_o look_v rather_o like_o a_o design_n to_o punish_v man_n in_o their_o purse_n than_o for_o their_o fault_n and_o the_o delay_n be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o court_n itself_o seem_v to_o be_v design_v for_o penance_n and_o grow_v very_o uneasy_a even_o to_o those_o who_o be_v the_o member_n of_o our_o church_n and_o some_o think_v that_o the_o proceed_n against_o man_n upon_o article_n of_o enquiry_n not_o so_o agreeable_a to_o the_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o mankind_n in_o answer_n to_o this_o i_o shall_v consider_v 1._o the_o proceed_n upon_o enquiry_n at_o visitation_n 2._o the_o method_n of_o proceed_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n 3._o the_o inconvenience_n of_o parochial_a discipline_n 1._o as_o to_o inquiry_n at_o visitation_n they_o be_v ground_v upon_o one_o of_o the_o main_a pillar_n of_o our_o law_n viz._n a_o ancient_a immemorial_n custom_n found_v upon_o good_a reason_n in_o the_o first_o canon_n that_o ever_o be_v make_v in_o this_o church_n under_o theodore_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 183._o the_o second_o be_v that_o every_o bishop_n be_v to_o look_v after_o the_o government_n of_o his_o own_o diocese_n and_o not_o to_o invade_v another_o and_o that_o in_o so_o do_v they_o go_v about_o their_o diocese_n in_o order_n to_o a_o enquiry_n and_o correction_n of_o miscarriage_n be_v evident_a from_o the_o council_n under_o cuthbert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n can._n 3._o 25._o the_o first_o council_n at_o calechyth_n can._n 3._o the_o constitution_n of_o odo_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n can._n 3._o and_o the_o canon_n of_o edgar_n can._n 3._o but_o in_o these_o saxon_a time_n the_o visitation_n be_v annual_a which_o be_v find_v inconvenient_a and_o therefore_o in_o the_o norman_a time_n the_o archdeacon_n be_v take_v into_o a_o part_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n under_o the_o bishop_n and_o visit_v those_o year_n the_o bishop_n do_v not_o but_o we_o meet_v with_o no_o archdeacon_n with_o any_o kind_n of_o jurisdiction_n in_o the_o saxon_a time_n we_o read_v indeed_o sometime_o of_o the_o name_n of_o archdeacon_n but_o they_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v in_o the_o diocese_n but_o only_o attend_v the_o bishop_n at_o ordination_n and_o other_o public_a service_n in_o the_o cathedral_n lanfranc_n be_v the_o first_o who_o make_v a_o archdeacon_n with_o jurisdiction_n in_o his_o see_n 150._o and_o thomas_n first_o archbishop_n of_o york_n after_o the_o conquest_n be_v the_o first_o who_o divide_v his_o diocese_n into_o archdeaconries_n arch._n and_o so_o do_v remigius_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n his_o large_a diocese_n into_o seven_o archdeaconry_n say_v h._n of_o huntingdon_n sacr._n and_o so_o it_o be_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o which_o there_o be_v two_o occasion_n 1._o the_o lay_v aside_o the_o corepiscopi_n in_o the_o western_a part_n as_o assume_v too_o much_o to_o themselves_o 2._o the_o public_a service_n which_o the_o bishop_n be_v more_o strict_o tie_v to_o as_o the_o king_n baron_n in_o the_o norman_a time_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n not_o only_o of_o take_v in_o archdeacon_n but_o likewise_o of_o archpresbyter_n or_o rural-deans_n who_o have_v some_o inspection_n into_o the_o several_a deanery_n and_o assist_v the_o bishop_n in_o such_o thing_n as_o they_o be_v appoint_v to_o do_v and_o then_o come_v in_o the_o other_o ecclesiastical_a officer_n as_o vicar_n general_n chancellor_n commissary_n etc._n etc._n for_o we_o read_v not_o of_o they_o here_o at_o all_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n but_o about_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n ii_o the_o bishop_n take_v they_o for_o their_o assistance_n in_o dispatch_n of_o cause_n when_o the_o king_n require_v their_o strict_a attendance_n on_o the_o public_a affair_n in_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o parliament_n 2._o as_o to_o the_o method_n of_o proceed_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n it_o be_v no_o other_o than_o have_v be_v continue_v here_o without_o interruption_n till_o of_o late_a year_n ever_o since_o the_o conquest_n for_o the_o consistory-court_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o proceed_v there_o be_v establish_v by_o a_o law_n in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o first_o as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v find_v by_o king_n edward_n law_n c._n 4._o the_o bishop_n do_v then_o proceed_v by_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n although_o they_o then_o sit_v in_o the_o county-court_n but_o this_o cause_v so_o much_o confusion_n that_o william_n by_o a_o general_a consent_n and_o a_o charter_n direct_v to_o all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n 14._o do_v separate_v the_o ecclesiastical_a from_o the_o temporal_a court_n which_o be_v enroll_v as_o good_a law_n 2_o r._n 2._o upon_o occasion_n of_o a_o suit_n of_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o lincoln_n and_o therefore_o the_o charter_n of_o remigius_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n be_v more_o mention_v than_o other_o but_o the_o same_o be_v to_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o county_n of_o england_n 259._o as_o appear_v by_o other_o copy_n of_o it_o thus_o the_o consistory-court_n be_v first_o establish_v as_o a_o distinct_a court_n from_o the_o county-court_n which_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n for_o then_o the_o bishop_n sit_v with_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n in_o the_o same_o court_n â—_o and_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n be_v first_o hear_v and_o decide_v there_o it_o seem_v the_o people_n be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o go_v to_o a_o new_a place_n and_o therefore_o the_o law_n be_v enforce_v with_o severe_a penalty_n for_o contempt_n and_o those_o who_o object_n against_o the_o reasonableness_n of_o the_o method_n of_o proceed_v in_o those_o court_n must_v reflect_v upon_o some_o of_o the_o wise_a nation_n in_o the_o world_n who_o have_v go_v upon_o the_o same_o ground_n in_o all_o that_o have_v receive_v the_o civil_a law_n and_o upon_o some_o of_o the_o great_a court_n at_o this_o time_n in_o the_o kingdom_n as_o the_o chancery_n and_o admiralty_n which_o go_v by_o the_o same_o fundamental_a rule_n as_o to_o any_o objection_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o personal_a fault_n of_o those_o who_o be_v employ_v in_o they_o that_o reach_v i_o be_o afraid_a to_o all_o court_n and_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o work_n and_o business_n of_o those_o who_o look_v after_o they_o to_o do_v what_o in_o they_o lie_v to_o reform_v they_o that_o other_o fault_n may_v not_o be_v lay_v at_o their_o door_n 3._o but_o for_o those_o who_o will_v have_v a_o parochial_a or_o congregational_a discipline_n set_v up_o as_o much_o better_a and_o more_o effectual_a i_o shall_v desire_v they_o to_o consider_v that_o since_o matter_n of_o discipline_n be_v such_o as_o that_o in_o they_o the_o reputation_n and_o interest_n of_o person_n be_v very_o much_o concern_v they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v leave_v to_o arbitrary_a proceed_n of_o any_o person_n but_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v manage_v by_o the_o certain_a and_o common_a rule_n of_o justice_n since_o every_o man_n have_v a_o right_a to_o defend_v himself_o when_o he_o be_v accuse_v and_o unless_o there_o be_v know_v and_o
right_n because_o the_o fee-simple_n abide_v in_o he_o and_o his_o chapter_n 645._o and_o so_o may_v a_o dean_n and_o master_n of_o a_o hospital_n 413._o and_o these_o be_v call_v body_n politic_a by_o littleton_n that_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o bishop_n power_n may_v be_v restrain_v by_o ancient_a composition_n as_o be_v see_v in_o the_o two_o ancient_a ecclesiastical_a body_n of_o st._n paul_n and_o litchfield_n concern_v which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o where_o the_o composition_n be_v extant_a both_o party_n be_v equal_o bind_v to_o observe_v their_o part_n thus_o by_o the_o remissness_n and_o absence_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o litchfield_n from_o their_o see_n by_o go_v to_o chester_n and_o then_o to_o coventry_n the_o dean_n have_v great_a power_n lodge_v in_o they_o as_o to_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n there_o after_o long_o contest_v the_o matter_n come_v to_o a_o composition_n a._n d._n 1428._o by_o which_o the_o bishop_n be_v to_o visit_v they_o but_o once_o in_o seven_o year_n and_o the_o chapter_n have_v jurisdiction_n over_o their_o own_o peculiar_o so_o in_o the_o church_n of_o sarum_n the_o dean_n have_v very_o large_a jurisdiction_n even_o out_o of_o the_o bishop_n diocese_n which_o make_v it_o probable_a to_o have_v be_v very_o ancient_a but_o upon_o contest_v it_o be_v settle_v by_o composition_n between_o the_o bishop_n dean_n and_o chapter_n a._n d._n 1391._o but_o where_o there_o be_v no_o composition_n it_o depend_v upon_o custom_n which_o limit_n the_o exercise_n although_o it_o can_v deprive_v the_o bishop_n of_o his_o diocesan-right_a 4._o the_o delegate_n jurisdiction_n which_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o several_a officer_n of_o the_o bishop_n court_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o proceed_n be_v found_v upon_o immemorial_n custom_n in_o the_o saxon_a time_n i_o find_v no_o delegation_n of_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n for_o the_o bishop_n sit_v in_o person_n in_o the_o county-court_n and_o there_o hear_v ecclesiastical_a cause_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o charter_n of_o h._n 1._o when_o he_o pretend_v to_o restore_v the_o saxon_a law_n c._n 7._o but_o william_n i._o have_v settle_v the_o consistory-court_n by_o as_o good_a a_o law_n as_o any_o be_v make_v at_o that_o time_n distinct_a from_o the_o county-court_n and_o require_v all_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n to_o be_v there_o hear_v and_o his_o son_n h._n 1._o do_v but_o make_v a_o show_n of_o restore_v the_o saxon_a law_n and_o the_o former_a law_n come_v to_o be_v general_o receive_v and_o so_o mr._n selden_n yield_v 413._o that_o it_o grow_v to_o be_v a_o general_a law_n which_o show_v that_o it_o obtain_v the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n by_o consent_n as_o well_o as_o by_o authority_n the_o consistory-court_n be_v thus_o settle_v and_o number_n of_o cause_n there_o depend_v and_o the_o bishop_n be_v then_o by_o h._n 2._o in_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n strict_o tie_v to_o attendance_n upon_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n with_o other_o baron_n there_o come_v a_o necessity_n of_o take_v in_o other_o person_n with_o a_o delegated_a power_n to_o hear_v cause_n and_o to_o do_v such_o other_o act_n of_o jurisdiction_n as_o the_o bishop_n shall_v appoint_v for_o it_o be_v still_o allow_v that_o jure_fw-la communi_fw-la 69._o the_o jurisdiction_n be_v in_o the_o bishop_n but_o jure_fw-la speciali_fw-la &_o in_o auxilium_fw-la episcopi_fw-la it_o may_v be_v delegated_a to_o other_o and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v here_o receive_v and_o not_o only_o here_o but_o it_o have_v be_v the_o general_a practice_n of_o christendom_n as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n it_o be_v the_o same_o in_o all_o part_n and_o build_v on_o the_o same_o ground_n with_o those_o of_o our_o court_n of_o equity_n and_o admiralty_n which_o be_v as_o different_a from_o those_o of_o the_o common_a law_n 5._o the_o settle_v parochial_a right_n or_o the_o bound_n of_o parish_n depend_v upon_o a_o ancient_a and_o immemorial_n custom_n for_o they_o be_v not_o limit_v by_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n nor_o set_v forth_o by_o special_a commissioner_n but_o as_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o place_n and_o person_n do_v happen_v to_o make_v they_o great_a or_o lesser_a in_o some_o place_n parish_n seem_v to_o interfere_v when_o some_o place_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o another_o parish_n belong_v to_o one_o that_o be_v distant_a but_o that_o have_v general_o happen_v by_o a_o unity_n of_o possession_n when_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n be_v at_o the_o charge_n to_o erect_v a_o new_a church_n and_o make_v a_o distinct_a parish_n of_o his_o own_o demesn_n some_o of_o which_o lie_v in_o the_o compass_n of_o another_o parish_n but_o now_o care_n be_v take_v by_o annual_a perambulation_n to_o preserve_v those_o bound_n of_o parish_n which_o have_v be_v long_o settle_v by_o custom_n but_o the_o bound_n of_o parish_n be_v not_o allow_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n ii_o the_o next_o foundation_n of_o law_n be_v a_o general_n practice_n and_o allowance_n i.e._n when_o thing_n of_o themselves_o do_v not_o oblige_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o those_o that_o make_v they_o yet_o be_v general_o receive_v and_o allow_v they_o thereby_o become_v law_n to_o we_o this_o we_o have_v in_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n 25_o h._n 8._o c._n 21._o wherein_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n be_v only_o bind_v to_o such_o law_n as_o be_v proper_o their_o own_o be_v in_o subjection_n to_o no_o foreign_a legislative_a power_n but_o be_v not_o many_o thing_n here_o receive_v for_o law_n which_o be_v enact_v by_o a_o foreign_a authority_n as_o the_o papal_a and_o legatine_n constitution_n true_o say_v they_o but_o it_o be_v not_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o authority_n but_o by_o the_o free_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n in_o the_o use_n and_o allowance_n of_o they_o and_o so_o they_o be_v not_o observe_v as_o the_o law_n of_o any_o foreign_a prince_n potentate_n or_o prelate_n but_o as_o the_o custom_a and_o ancient_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n original_o establish_v as_o law_n of_o the_o same_o by_o the_o say_a sufferance_n consent_n and_o custom_n and_o no_o otherwise_o so_o that_o here_o we_o have_v a_o full_a and_o express_a declaration_n by_o parliament_n that_o such_o canon_n as_o have_v be_v receive_v and_o allow_v by_o ancient_a custom_n make_v a_o part_n of_o our_o law_n and_o continue_v to_o oblige_v provide_v that_o they_o be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o king_n prerogative_n nor_o to_o the_o law_n statute_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o it_o be_v express_v in_o another_o act_n of_o the_o same_o parliament_n 25_o h._n 8._o c._n 19_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n say_v my_o lord_n coke_n 344._o be_v such_o as_o be_v not_o against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n viz._n the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o statute_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o according_a to_o such_o law_n the_o ordinary_a and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n do_v proceed_v in_o cause_n within_o their_o conusance_n so_o that_o by_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o this_o great_a oracle_n of_o the_o common_a law_n there_o be_v law_n ecclesiastical_a in_o force_n among_o we_o and_o cause_n to_o be_v judge_v by_o those_o law_n and_o officer_n appoint_v by_o the_o law_n to_o proceed_v according_a to_o they_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n and_o ordinance_n be_v own_v by_o the_o statute_n 27_o h._n 8._o c._n 20._o 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 7._o 35_o h._n 8._o c._n 19_o after_o the_o commission_n appoint_v for_o the_o review_n of_o they_o 1_o e._n 6._o c._n 2._o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o king_n authority_n and_o process_n to_o be_v issue_v out_o in_o his_o name_n in_o all_o suit_n and_o cause_n of_o instance_n between_o party_n and_o party_n where_o the_o cause_n be_v particular_o mention_v which_o belong_v to_o those_o court_n and_o no_o alteration_n be_v make_v in_o they_o as_o to_o their_o power_n but_o only_o that_o the_o process_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o king_n name_n but_o some_o person_n in_o our_o age_n who_o love_n to_o be_v always_o start_v difficulty_n to_o humour_v such_o as_o bear_v ill_o will_v to_o our_o constitution_n have_v 〈…〉_z although_o this_o act_n be_v 〈…〉_z m._n 2._o yet_o that_o repeal_n 〈…〉_z â—ac_fw-mi 25._o n._n 48._o therefore_o 〈…〉_z stat._n 1_o e._n 6._o be_v 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o plain_a and_o short_a answer_n be_v this_o that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o debate_n about_o the_o repeal_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o e._n 6._o after_o the_o first_o of_o q._n eliz._n because_o then_o the_o statute_n 25_o h._n 8._o c._n 20._o be_v express_o revive_v wherein_o the_o bishop_n be_v impower_v to_o act_v as_o before_o they_o may_v have_v do_v according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o
will_v be_v the_o diligent_a labour_n and_o the_o exemplary_a life_n of_o the_o clergy_n in_o it_o but_o if_o man_n will_v not_o regard_v their_o own_o or_o the_o church_n interest_n in_o this_o matter_n if_o they_o will_v break_v their_o rule_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o to_o dishonour_n god_n and_o the_o church_n and_o themselves_o by_o it_o than_o you_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o next_o thing_n i_o be_v to_o speak_v to_o which_o be_v ii_o what_o authority_n be_v give_v to_o we_o for_o the_o punish_a offender_n in_o our_o diocese_n by_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n for_o this_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o our_o authority_n herein_o be_v not_o derive_v from_o any_o modern_a canon_n or_o constitution_n of_o this_o church_n although_o due_a regard_n ought_v to_o be_v show_v to_o they_o but_o from_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n ecclesiastical_a in_o this_o realm_n which_o still_o continue_v in_o force_n for_o as_o there_o be_v a_o common_a law_n with_o respect_n to_o civil_a right_n which_o depend_v not_o on_o the_o feudal_n constitution_n although_o in_o many_o thing_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o they_o but_o upon_o ancient_a practice_n and_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n from_o age_n to_o age._n so_o i_o say_v there_o be_v a_o common_a law_n ecclesiastical_a which_o although_o in_o many_o thing_n it_o may_v be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o canon_n law_n which_o be_v read_v in_o the_o book_n yet_o it_o have_v not_o its_o force_n from_o any_o papal_a or_o legatine_n constitution_n but_o from_o the_o acceptance_n and_o practice_n of_o it_o in_o our_o church_n i_o can_v easy_o show_v if_o the_o time_n will_v permit_v that_o papal_a and_o legatine_n constitution_n be_v not_o receive_v here_o although_o direct_v hither_o that_o some_o provincial_a constitution_n never_o obtain_v the_o force_n of_o ecclesiastical_a law_n 632._o but_o my_o business_n be_v to_o show_v what_o do_v obtain_v and_o continue_v still_o to_o have_v the_o force_n of_o such_o ecclesiastical_a law_n among_o we_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o h._n 8._o c._n 19_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o such_o canon_n constitution_n ordinance_n and_o synodal_n provincial_a be_v already_o make_v which_o be_v not_o contrariant_n nor_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n statute_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n nor_o to_o the_o damage_n or_o hurt_v to_o the_o king_n prerogative_n royal_a shall_v now_o still_o be_v use_v and_o execute_v as_o they_o be_v afore_o the_o make_n of_o this_o act_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v true_a a_o review_n be_v appoint_v but_o such_o difficulty_n be_v find_v in_o it_o as_o to_o the_o shake_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n here_o that_o nothing_o be_v ever_o legal_o establish_v in_o it_o and_o therefore_o this_o law_n be_v still_o in_o force_n in_o the_o statute_n 25_o h._n 8._o c._n 21._o it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o realm_n recognise_v no_o superior_a under_o god_n but_o the_o king_n have_v be_v and_o be_v free_a from_o subjection_n to_o any_o man_n law_n but_o only_o to_o such_o as_o have_v be_v devise_v make_a and_o observe_v within_o this_o realm_n for_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o same_o or_o to_o such_o other_o as_o by_o the_o sufferance_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o progenitor_n the_o people_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v take_v at_o their_o free_a liberty_n by_o their_o own_o consent_n to_o be_v use_v among_o they_o and_o have_v bind_v themselves_o by_o long_a use_n and_o custom_n to_o observance_n of_o the_o same_o not_o as_o to_o the_o observance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o any_o foreign_a prince_n potentate_n or_o prelate_n but_o as_o to_o the_o custom_n and_o ancient_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n original_o establish_v as_o law_n of_o the_o same_o by_o the_o say_a sufferance_n consent_n custom_n and_o none_o otherwise_o all_o that_o i_o have_v now_o to_o do_v be_v to_o show_v what_o authority_n the_o bishop_n have_v over_o the_o clergy_n by_o the_o ancient_a ecclesiastical_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o what_o censure_v they_o be_v liable_a to_o for_o some_o particular_a offence_n i._o by_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n the_o bishop_n be_v judge_n of_o the_o fitness_n of_o any_o clerk_n present_v to_o a_o benefice_n this_o be_v confess_v by_o the_o lord_n coke_n in_o these_o word_n 632._o and_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o ability_n and_o sufficiency_n of_o the_o person_n present_v belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n who_o be_v the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n and_o in_o the_o examination_n he_o be_v a_o judge_n and_o not_o a_o minister_n and_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o refuse_v the_o person_n present_v if_o he_o be_v not_o persona_fw-la idonea_fw-la but_o this_o be_v plain_a to_o have_v be_v the_o ancient_a ecclesiastical_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n by_o the_o articul_n cleri_fw-la in_o edw._n ii_o time_n de_fw-fr idoneitate_fw-la personae_fw-la praesentatae_fw-la ad_fw-la beneficium_fw-la ecclesiasticum_fw-la pertinet_fw-la examinatio_fw-la ad_fw-la judicem_fw-la ecclesiasticum_fw-la &_o ita_fw-la est_fw-la hactenus_fw-la usitatum_fw-la &_o fiat_fw-la in_o futurum_fw-la by_o the_o provincial_a constitution_n at_o oxford_n in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n iii_o 71._o the_o bishop_n be_v require_v to_o admit_v the_o clerk_n who_o be_v present_v without_o opposition_n within_o two_o month_n dum_fw-la tamen_fw-la idoneus_fw-la sit_fw-la if_o he_o think_v he_o fit_a so_o much_o time_n be_v allow_v propter_fw-la examinationem_fw-la say_v lyndwood_n even_o when_o there_o be_v no_o dispute_n about_o right_n of_o patronage_n the_o main_a thing_n he_o be_v to_o be_v examine_v upon_o be_v his_o ability_n to_o discharge_v his_o pastoral_n duty_n as_o coke_n call_v it_o or_o as_o lyndwood_n say_v whether_o he_o be_v commendandus_fw-la scientia_fw-la &_o moribus_fw-la as_o to_o the_o former_a the_o bishop_n may_v judge_v himself_o but_o as_o to_o the_o latter_a he_o must_v take_v the_o testimonial_n of_o other_o and_o i_o hearty_o wish_v the_o clergy_n will_v be_v more_o careful_a in_o give_v they_o by_o look_v on_o it_o as_o a_o matter_n of_o conscience_n and_o not_o mere_o of_o civility_n for_o otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a to_o avoid_v the_o pester_v the_o church_n with_o scandalous_a and_o ignorant_a wretch_n if_o the_o bishop_n refuse_v to_o admit_v within_o the_o time_n which_o by_o the_o modern_a canon_n be_v limit_v to_o twenty_o eight_o day_n after_o the_o presentation_n deliver_v he_o be_v liable_a to_o a_o duplex_fw-la querela_fw-la in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n 95._o and_o a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la at_o common_a law_n and_o then_o he_o must_v certify_v the_o reason_n of_o his_o refusal_n in_o specot_n case_n it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o 15_o hen._n 7._o 7_o 8._o all_o the_o judge_n agree_v 57_o that_o the_o bishop_n be_v judge_n in_o the_o examination_n and_o therefore_o the_o law_n give_v faith_n and_o credit_n to_o his_o judgement_n but_o because_o great_a inconvenience_n may_v otherwise_o happen_v the_o general_a allegation_n be_v not_o sufficient_a but_o he_o must_v certify_v special_o and_o direct_o and_o the_o general_a rule_n be_v and_o it_o be_v so_o resolve_v by_o the_o judge_n that_o all_o such_o as_o be_v sufficient_a cause_n of_o deprivation_n of_o a_o incumbent_n be_v sufficient_a cause_n to_o refuse_v a_o presentee_n but_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n cleric_n more_o be_v allow_v in_o the_o constitution_n of_o othobon_n the_o bishop_n be_v require_v particular_o to_o inquire_v into_o the_o life_n and_o conversation_n of_o he_o that_o be_v present_v and_o afterward_o that_o if_o a_o bishop_n admit_v another_o who_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o same_o fault_n for_o which_o he_o reject_v the_o former_a 63._o his_o institution_n be_v declare_v null_n and_o void_a officii_fw-la by_o the_o canon_n law_n if_o a_o bishop_n malicious_o refuse_v to_o admit_v a_o fit_a person_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o provide_v another_o benefice_n for_o he_o but_o our_o ecclesiastical_a law_n much_o better_a put_v he_o upon_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o refusal_n but_o if_o the_o bishop_n do_v not_o examine_v he_o the_o canonist_n say_v it_o be_v a_o proof_n sufficient_a that_o he_o do_v it_o malitiosé_fw-fr malitiose_fw-la if_o a_o bishop_n once_o reject_v a_o man_n for_o insufficiency_n he_o can_v afterward_o accept_v or_o admit_v of_o he_o as_o be_v adjudge_v in_o the_o bishop_n of_o hereford_n case_n if_o a_o man_n bring_v a_o presentation_n to_o a_o benefice_n 27._o the_o bishop_n be_v not_o bare_o to_o examine_v he_o as_o to_o life_n and_o ability_n but_o he_o must_v be_v satisfy_v that_o he_o be_v in_o order_n how_o can_v he_o be_v satisfy_v unless_o the_o other_o produce_v they_o how_o can_v he_o produce_v they_o when_o it_o may_v be_v they_o be_v lose_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o this_o case_n 39_o the_o canon_n be_v express_v that_o no_o bishop_n shall_v institute_v any_o to_o a_o benefice_n
all_o bargain_n be_v so_o repugnant_a to_o the_o design_n of_o it_o therefore_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n have_v fix_v that_o detestable_a name_n upon_o it_o for_o all_o contractus_fw-la non_fw-la gratuiti_fw-la in_o these_o thing_n savour_v of_o turpe_fw-la lucrum_fw-la and_o tend_v to_o bring_v in_o turpe_fw-la commercium_fw-la into_o the_o church_n which_o will_v real_o overturn_v the_o whole_a design_n of_o that_o ministry_n which_o be_v design_v for_o the_o salvation_n of_o soul_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o when_o person_n have_v receive_v by_o the_o favour_n of_o temporal_a prince_n and_o other_o benefactor_n who_o be_v founder_n of_o church_n such_o endowment_n as_o may_v encourage_v they_o in_o their_o function_n that_o severe_a law_n shall_v be_v make_v against_o any_o such_o sordid_a and_o mischievous_a contract_n and_o such_o there_o be_v here_o in_o england_n long_o before_o the_o excellent_a stat._n of_o 31_o eliz._n c._n 6._o although_o it_o seem_v the_o force_n of_o they_o be_v so_o much_o wear_v out_o as_o to_o make_v that_o statute_n necessary_a for_o avoid_v of_o simony_n which_o be_v there_o explain_v to_o be_v corruption_n in_o bestow_v or_o get_v possession_n of_o promotion_n ecclesiastical_a in_o a_o council_n at_o london_n under_o lanfranc_n 10._o in_o the_o conqueror_n time_n simony_n be_v forbid_v under_o the_o name_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v of_o order_n and_o it_o can_v be_v nothing_o else_o before_o the_o church_n revenue_n be_v settle_v 35._o but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n i._o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n be_v forbid_v to_o be_v buy_v or_o sell_v and_o it_o be_v deprivation_n then_o to_o any_o clergyman_n to_o be_v convict_v of_o it_o and_o a_o layman_n be_v to_o be_v outlawed_n and_o excommunicate_v and_o deprive_v of_o his_o right_n of_o patronage_n and_o this_o be_v do_v by_o a_o provincial_a synod_n of_o that_o time_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n ii_o it_o be_v decree_v 152._o that_o if_o any_o person_n receive_v any_o money_n for_o a_o presentation_n he_o be_v to_o be_v for_o ever_o deprive_v of_o the_o patronage_n of_o that_o church_n and_o this_o be_v not_o mere_o a_o provincial_a constitution_n but_o two_o king_n be_v present_a hen._n ii_o and_o his_o son_n and_o add_v their_o authority_n to_o it_o 5._o this_o be_v not_o deprive_v a_o man_n of_o his_o freehold_n by_o a_o canon_n as_o a_o learned_a gentleman_n call_v it_o for_o here_o be_v the_o great_a authority_n temporal_a as_o well_o as_o ecclesiastical_a add_v to_o it_o but_o we_o be_v tell_v these_o canon_n be_v of_o as_o little_a effect_n as_o that_o of_o othobon_n which_o make_v all_o simoniacal_a contract_n void_a but_o some_o of_o the_o most_o judicious_a lawyer_n have_v hold_v that_o simony_n be_v contractus_fw-la ex_fw-la turpi_fw-la causâ_fw-la 167._o be_v void_a between_o party_n all_o that_o i_o aim_v at_o be_v to_o show_v that_o by_o our_o old_a ecclesiastical_a law_n simoniacus_fw-la incur_v a_o deprivation_n and_o disability_n before_o the_o stat._n 31._o eliz._n and_o therein_o i_o have_v the_o opinion_n of_o a_o very_a learned_a judge_n concur_v with_o i_o 237._o iu_o dilapidation_n by_o which_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n understand_v any_o considerable_a impair_v the_o edifice_n wood_n 1._o and_o revenue_n belong_v to_o ecclesiastical_a person_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o place_n for_o it_o be_v the_o great_a interest_n and_o concernment_n of_o the_o church_n to_o have_v thing_n preserve_v for_o the_o good_a of_o successor_n and_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o common_a justice_n and_o honesty_n so_o to_o do_v 34._o and_o the_o lord_n coke_n positive_o affirm_v that_o dilapidation_n be_v a_o good_a cause_n of_o deprivation_n and_o it_o be_v so_o resolve_v by_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n 12_o jac._n not_o by_o virtue_n of_o any_o new_a law_n or_o statute_n but_o by_o the_o old_a ecclesiastical_a law_n for_o which_o coke_n refer_v to_o the_o year-book_n which_o not_o only_o show_v what_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n than_o be_v but_o that_o it_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n 2._o and_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o be_v never_o give_v to_o change_v but_o it_o may_v be_v force_v to_o it_o by_o a_o new_a law_n which_o can_v be_v pretend_v in_o this_o case_n and_o by_o the_o old_a constitution_n here_o receive_v the_o bishop_n be_v require_v to_o put_v the_o clergy_n in_o mind_n of_o keep_v their_o house_n in_o sufficient_a reparation_n 2._o and_o if_o they_o do_v it_o not_o within_o two_o month_n the_o bishop_n be_v to_o take_v care_n it_o be_v do_v out_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o benefice_n by_o the_o injunction_n of_o edw._n vi_o and_o queen_n elizabeth_n all_o person_n have_v ecclesiastical_a benefice_n be_v require_v to_o set_v apart_o the_o five_o of_o their_o revenue_n to_o repair_v their_o house_n and_o afterward_o to_o maintain_v they_o in_o good_a condition_n v._o plurality_n 59_o by_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n which_o be_v here_o receive_v the_o actual_a receive_v institution_n into_o a_o second_o benefice_n make_v the_o first_o void_a ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la and_o if_o he_o seek_v to_o keep_v both_o above_o a_o month_n the_o second_o be_v void_a too_o lyndwood_n observe_v that_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n have_v vary_v in_o this_o matter_n and_o it_o proceed_v by_o these_o step_n which_o be_v more_o than_o lyndwood_n mention_n content_a i._o it_o be_v absolute_o forbid_v to_o have_v two_o parish_n vnio_n if_o there_o be_v more_o than_o ten_o inhabitant_n in_o they_o because_o no_o man_n can_v do_v his_o duty_n in_o both_o place_n and_o if_o any_o bishop_n neglect_v the_o execution_n of_o it_o 5._o he_o be_v to_o be_v excommunicate_v for_o two_o month_n and_o to_o be_v restore_v only_o upon_o promise_n to_o see_v this_o canon_n execute_v ii_o the_o rule_n be_v allow_v to_o hold_v as_o to_z city_n but_o a_o exception_n be_v make_v as_o to_o small_a and_o remote_a place_n clericus_fw-la where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a scarcity_n of_o person_n to_o supply_v they_o iii_o if_o a_o man_n have_v two_o benefice_n referente_fw-la it_o be_v leave_v to_o his_o choice_n which_o he_o will_v have_v but_o he_o can_v not_o hold_v both_o this_o kind_n of_o option_n be_v allow_v by_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n then_o in_o force_n iv._o that_o if_o he_o take_v a_o second_o benefice_n nonnulli_fw-la that_o institution_n be_v void_a by_o the_o three_o council_n of_o lateran_n under_o alexander_n 3_o v._o that_o by_o take_v a_o second_o multa_fw-la the_o first_o be_v void_a which_o be_v the_o famous_a canon_n of_o the_o four_o lateran_n council_n vi_o that_o if_o he_o be_v not_o content_v with_o the_o last_o but_o endeavour_v to_o keep_v both_o he_o shall_v be_v deprive_v of_o both_o and_o this_o be_v the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n as_o it_o be_v declare_v in_o our_o provincial_a constitution_n but_o the_o general_a practice_n be_v to_o avoid_v the_o former_a according_a to_o the_o lateran_n council_n these_o be_v very_o severe_a canon_n but_o that_o one_o clause_n of_o the_o pope_n dispense_v power_n make_v they_o to_o signify_v little_a unless_o it_o be_v to_o advance_v his_o power_n and_o revenue_n for_o when_o the_o dispense_v power_n come_v to_o be_v own_v the_o law_n have_v very_o little_a force_n especial_o as_o to_o the_o conscience_n of_o men._n for_o if_o it_o be_v a_o law_n of_o god_n how_o can_v any_o man_n dispense_v with_o it_o unless_o it_o be_v as_o apparent_a that_o he_o have_v give_v a_o power_n in_o some_o case_n to_o dispense_v as_o that_o he_o have_v make_v the_o law_n those_o casuist_n be_v very_o hard_o put_v to_o it_o who_o make_v residence_n jure_fw-la divino_fw-la and_o yet_o say_v the_o pope_n may_v dispense_v with_o it_o which_o at_o last_o come_v only_o to_o this_o that_o the_o pope_n can_v authoritative_o declare_v the_o sufficiency_n of_o the_o cause_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a matter_n depend_v upon_o the_o cause_n whether_o there_o can_v be_v any_o sufficient_a to_o excuse_v from_o personal_a residence_n it_o be_v agree_v on_o all_o hand_n that_o the_o habitual_a neglect_n of_o a_o charge_n we_o have_v take_v upon_o ourselves_o be_v a_o evil_a thing_n and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o to_o heap_v up_o preferment_n mere_o for_o riches_n or_o luxury_n or_o ambition_n but_o the_o main_a question_n in_o point_n of_o conscience_n be_v what_o be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n to_o justify_v any_o man_n break_v so_o reasonable_a and_o just_a a_o rule_n as_o that_o of_o residence_n be_v it_o can_v be_v deny_v that_o the_o elder_a canon_n of_o the_o church_n be_v so_o strict_a and_o severe_a that_o they_o make_v it_o unlawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o go_v from_o that_o church_n in_o which_o he_o first_o receive_v order_n as_o well_o as_o to_o take_v another_o benefice_n in_o it_o and_o so_o for_o any_o
bishop_n to_o be_v translate_v from_o that_o place_n he_o be_v first_o consecrate_a to_o as_o well_o as_o to_o hold_v another_o with_o it_o but_o the_o good_a of_o the_o church_n be_v the_o main_a foundation_n of_o all_o the_o rule_n of_o it_o when_o that_o may_v be_v better_o promote_v by_o a_o translation_n it_o be_v by_o a_o tacit_n consent_v look_v on_o as_o no_o unjust_a violation_n of_o its_o rule_n the_o question_n than_o be_v whether_o the_o church_n benefit_n may_v not_o in_o some_o case_n make_v the_o canon_n against_o nonresidence_n as_o dispensible_a as_o those_o against_o translation_n and_o the_o resolution_n of_o it_o do_v not_o depend_v upon_o the_o void_a the_o particular_a obligation_n of_o the_o incumbent_n to_o his_o cure_n but_o upon_o some_o more_o general_a reason_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n as_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o service_n of_o it_o which_o require_v a_o person_n have_v not_o a_o bare_a competency_n for_o subsistence_n but_o a_o sufficiency_n to_o provide_v necessary_n for_o such_o service_n for_o those_o seem_v to_o have_v very_o little_a regard_n to_o the_o flourish_a condition_n of_o a_o church_n who_o will_v confine_v the_o sufficiency_n of_o a_o subsistence_n mere_o to_o the_o necessary_n of_o life_n but_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v reasonable_a that_o clergyman_n shall_v have_v encouragement_n sufficient_a not_o only_o to_o keep_v they_o above_o contempt_n but_o in_o some_o respect_n agreeable_a to_o the_o more_o ample_a provision_n of_o other_o order_n of_o men._n and_o by_o god_n own_o appointment_n the_o tribe_n of_o levi_n do_v not_o fall_v short_a of_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n if_o it_o do_v not_o very_o much_o exceed_v the_o proportion_n of_o other_o we_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o the_o privilege_n they_o have_v only_o we_o observe_v from_o thence_o that_o god_n himself_o do_v appoint_v a_o plentiful_a subsistence_n for_o those_o who_o attend_v upon_o his_o service_n and_o i_o do_v not_o know_v what_o there_o be_v levitical_a or_o ceremonial_a in_o that_o i_o be_o sure_a the_o duty_n of_o the_o clergy_n now_o require_v a_o great_a freedom_n of_o mind_n from_o the_o anxious_a care_n of_o the_o world_n than_o the_o employment_n of_o the_o priest_n and_o levite_n under_o the_o law_n but_o we_o need_v not_o go_v so_o far_o back_o if_o the_o church_n enjoy_v all_o her_o revenue_n as_o entire_o as_o when_o the_o severe_a canon_n against_o plurality_n be_v make_v there_o will_v not_o be_v such_o a_o plea_n for_o they_o as_o there_o be_v too_o much_o cause_n for_o in_o some_o place_n from_o the_o want_n of_o a_o competent_a subsistence_n but_o since_o that_o time_n the_o abundance_n of_o appropriation_n since_o turn_v into_o lay-fee_n have_v extreme_o lessen_v the_o church_n revenue_n and_o have_v leave_v we_o a_o great_a number_n of_o poor_a vicarage_n and_o arbitrary_a cure_n which_o will_v hardly_o have_v afford_v a_o maintenance_n for_o the_o nethinim_n under_o the_o law_n who_o be_v only_o to_o be_v hewer_n of_o wood_n and_o drawer_n of_o water_n but_o this_o do_v not_o yet_o clear_a the_o difficulty_n for_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o subsistence_n of_o the_o clergy_n can_v lawful_o be_v improve_v by_o a_o plurality_n of_o live_n true_o i_o think_v this_o if_o it_o be_v allow_v in_o some_o case_n lawful_a to_o be_v the_o least_o desirable_a way_n of_o any_o but_o in_o some_o circumstance_n it_o be_v much_o more_o excusable_a than_o in_o other_o as_o when_o the_o benefice_n be_v mean_a when_o they_o lie_v near_o each_o other_o when_o great_a care_n be_v take_v to_o put_v in_o sufficient_a curate_n with_o good_a allowance_n when_o person_n take_v all_o opportunity_n to_o do_v their_o duty_n themselves_o and_o do_v not_o live_v at_o a_o distance_n from_o their_o benefice_n in_o a_o idle_a and_o careless_a manner_n but_o for_o man_n to_o put_v in_o curate_n mere_o to_o satisfy_v the_o law_n and_o to_o mind_n nothing_o of_o the_o duty_n of_o their_o place_n be_v a_o horrible_a scandal_n to_o religion_n and_o our_o church_n and_o that_o which_o if_o not_o amend_v may_v just_o bring_v down_o the_o wrath_n of_o god_n upon_o we_o for_o the_o loose_a of_o all_o the_o popish_a casuist_n look_v upon_o this_o as_o a_o very_a great_a sin_n even_o those_o who_o attribute_v to_o the_o pope_n the_o high_a dispense_v power_n in_o this_o case_n but_o when_o the_o great_a liberty_n of_o dispense_v have_v make_v the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n in_o great_a measure_n useless_a than_o it_o be_v think_v fit_a by_o our_o lawmaker_n to_o restrain_v and_o limit_v it_o by_o a_o statute_n make_v 21_o h._n viii_o wherein_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o if_o any_o person_n or_o person_n have_v one_o benefice_n with_o cure_n of_o soul_n be_v of_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o eight_o pound_n or_o above_o accept_v or_o take_v any_o other_o with_o cure_n of_o soul_n and_o be_v institute_v and_o induct_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o same_o that_o then_o and_o immediate_o after_o such_o possession_n have_v thereof_o the_o first_o benefice_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v void_a and_o all_o licenses_fw-la and_o dispensation_n to_o the_o contrary_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v void_a and_o of_o none_o effect_n this_o one_o will_v have_v think_v have_v be_v a_o effectual_a remedy_n against_o all_o such_o plurality_n and_o dispensation_n to_o obtain_v they_o and_o this_o no_o doubt_n be_v the_o primary_n design_n of_o the_o law_n but_o then_o follow_v so_o many_o proviso_n of_o qualify_a man_n to_o get_v dispensation_n as_o take_v off_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o the_o force_n and_o effect_v of_o this_o law_n but_o than_o it_o ought_v well_o to_o be_v consider_v whether_o such_o a_o licence_n be_v against_o the_o chief_a design_n of_o a_o law_n can_v satisfy_v any_o man_n in_o point_n of_o conscience_n where_o there_o be_v not_o a_o just_a and_o sufficient_a cause_n for_o if_o the_o pope_n dispensation_n with_o the_o suppose_a plenitude_n of_o his_o power_n can_v not_o satisfy_v a_o man_n conscience_n without_o a_o antecedent_n cause_n as_o the_o casuist_n resolve_v much_o less_o can_v such_o proviso_n do_v it_o it_o be_v the_o general_a opinion_n of_o divine_n and_o lawyer_n 27._o say_v lessius_fw-la that_o no_o man_n be_v safe_a in_o conscience_n by_o the_o pope_n dispensation_n for_o plurality_n unless_o there_o be_v a_o just_a cause_n for_o it_o no_o man_n can_v with_o a_o safe_a conscience_n 35._o take_v a_o dispensation_n from_o the_o pope_n for_o more_o benefice_n than_o one_o mere_o for_o his_o own_o advantage_n say_v panormitan_n and_o from_o he_o sylvester_n and_o summ._n angelica_n a_o dispensation_n 82._o say_v cardinal_n tolet_a secure_v a_o man_n as_o to_o the_o law_n but_o as_o to_o conscience_n there_o must_v be_v a_o good_a cause_n for_o it_o and_o that_o be_v when_o the_o church_n have_v more_o benefit_n by_o it_o than_o it_o will_v have_v without_o it_o but_o the_o pope_n dispense_v power_n go_v much_o far_o in_o point_n of_o conscience_n in_o their_o opinion_n than_o that_o which_o be_v settle_v among_o we_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o it_o be_v express_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o 21_o hen._n viii_o that_o the_o dispensation_n be_v intend_v to_o keep_v man_n from_o incur_v the_o danger_n penalty_n and_o forfeiture_n in_o the_o statute_n comprise_v so_o that_o the_o most_o qualify_a person_n can_v only_o say_v that_o the_o law_n do_v not_o deprive_v he_o but_o he_o can_v never_o plead_v that_o it_o can_v satisfy_v he_o in_o point_n of_o conscience_n unless_o there_o be_v some_o cause_n for_o it_o which_o be_v of_o more_o moment_n to_o the_o church_n than_o a_o man_n be_v sole_a and_o constant_a attendance_n on_o a_o particular_a cure_n be_v but_o this_o statute_n be_v more_o favourable_a to_o the_o clergy_n than_o the_o canon_n law_n be_v before_o in_o two_o particular_n 1._o in_o declare_v that_o no_o simple_a benefice_n or_o mere_a dignity_n as_o the_o canonist_n call_v they_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o benefice_n have_v cure_n of_o soul_n viz._n no_o deanary_n archdeaconry_n chancellorship_n treasurership_n chantership_n or_o prebend_n in_o any_o cathedral_n or_o collegiate_n church_n nor_o parsonage_n that_o have_v a_o vicar_n endow_v nor_o any_o benefice_n perpetual_o appropriate_a but_o all_o these_o before_o be_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n and_o a_o dispensation_n be_v necessary_a for_o they_o which_o show_v that_o this_o law_n have_v a_o particular_a respect_n to_o the_o necessary_a attendance_n on_o parochial_a cure_n and_o look_v on_o other_o dignity_n and_o preferment_n in_o the_o church_n as_o a_o sufficient_a encouragement_n to_o extraordinary_a merit_n 2._o that_o no_o notice_n be_v take_v of_o live_n under_o the_o valuation_n of_o 8_o l._n which_o i_o suppose_v be_v that_o of_o 20_o e._n 1._o
church_n that_o no_o man_n can_v serve_v two_o master_n etc._n etc._n but_o all_o their_o reason_n be_v not_o of_o this_o sort_n for_o the_o council_n of_o toledo_n speak_v home_o 3._o that_o one_o man_n can_v perform_v his_o duty_n to_o more_o than_o one_o charge_n 49._o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n the_o six_o council_n at_o paris_n and_o withal_o that_o it_o bring_v a_o scandal_n on_o the_o christian_a church_n and_o a_o hindrance_n to_o public_a worship_n and_o the_o good_a of_o soul_n and_o savour_v too_o much_o of_o a_o worldly_a mind_n which_o be_v weighty_a argument_n the_o only_a considerable_a thing_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v that_o the_o bishop_n be_v to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o place_n be_v due_o supply_v but_o whether_o it_o be_v do_v by_o parson_n vicar_n or_o curate_n be_v not_o material_a but_o this_o will_v not_o hold_v for_o 1._o the_o care_n of_o soul_n be_v commit_v personal_o to_o he_o that_o do_v undertake_v it_o and_o a_o regard_n be_v have_v to_o the_o qualification_n of_o the_o person_n for_o such_o a_o trust_n by_o the_o patron_n that_o present_v and_o the_o bishop_n who_o admit_v and_o institute_n the_o person_n so_o qualify_v 2._o the_o old_a canon_n be_v very_o strict_a as_o to_o personal_a residence_n 108._o so_o as_o to_o fix_v they_o in_o their_o cure_n from_o which_o they_o can_v not_o go_v away_o when_o they_o please_v which_o they_o call_v promissionem_fw-la stabilitatis_fw-la our_o saxon_a canon_n be_v clear_a as_o to_o the_o personal_a cure_n can._n egbert_n 1._o 4_o 6._o populo_fw-la sibi_fw-la commisso_fw-la and_o no_o presbyter_n can_v leave_v his_o cure_n and_o go_v to_o another_o only_a for_o honour_n or_o profit_n 245._o can._n 13._o and_o none_o can_v go_v from_o one_o bishop_n to_o another_o without_o his_o diocesan_n leave_n council_n herudford_n c._n 5._o egbert_n de_fw-fr eccles._n instit._n p._n 97_o 100_o and_o when_o the_o bishop_n give_v institution_n he_o commit_v the_o care_n of_o soul_n to_o the_o incumbent_n and_o not_o mere_o the_o care_n that_o divine_a office_n be_v there_o perform_v but_o yet_o it_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o aquinas_n that_o if_o the_o have_v more_o benefice_n than_o one_o be_v a_o thing_n evil_n in_o itself_o it_o can_v in_o no_o case_n be_v dispense_v with_o but_o there_o be_v some_o action_n which_o in_o general_n be_v irregular_a yet_o in_o some_o case_n may_v be_v justify_v especial_o if_o they_o be_v extraordinary_a as_o to_o public_a service_n and_o usefulness_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n cajetan_n speak_v 6._o but_o he_o say_v the_o case_n that_o make_v it_o lawful_a must_v relate_v to_o a_o public_a and_o not_o a_o private_a good_a but_o he_o mention_n these_o thing_n which_o excuse_v from_o residence_n 5._o 1._o lawful_a impediment_n as_o to_o health_n etc._n etc._n 2._o public_a service_n and_o other_o say_v a_o geometrical_a proportion_n ought_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o distribution_n of_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n and_o not_o a_o arithmetical_a i._n e._n a_o regard_v aught_o to_o be_v have_v to_o the_o merit_n and_o capacity_n of_o person_n 6._o as_o a_o commander_n have_v more_o pay_n than_o many_o common_a soldier_n but_o this_o reach_n only_o to_o the_o value_n and_o not_o to_o the_o number_n of_o benefice_n but_o the_o question_n still_o remain_v whether_o a_o legal_a dispensation_n take_v not_o off_o the_o obligation_n in_o point_n of_o conscience_n since_o it_o be_v allow_v by_o law_n and_o the_o curate_n appoint_v by_o the_o bishop_n who_o commit_v the_o cure_n of_o soul_n to_o he_o in_o answer_n to_o this_o we_o must_v consider_v 1._o that_o the_o law_n propose_v in_o dispensation_n very_o allowable_a end_n as_o public_a service_n encouragement_n of_o learning_n reward_v of_o merit_n and_o therefore_o doctor_n by_o favour_n have_v not_o the_o privilege_n which_o other_o have_v and_o in_o case_n of_o incompetency_n as_o it_o be_v then_o judge_v no_o legal_a dispensation_n be_v needful_a 2._o some_o ancient_a canon_n take_v care_n of_o the_o supply_n of_o the_o place_n by_o competent_a person_n and_o in_o that_o case_n abate_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o canon_n for_o sirmondus_n say_v in_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o council_n of_o nantz_n 8._o against_o plurality_n this_o clause_n be_v add_v unless_o he_o have_v presbyter_n under_o he_o to_o supply_v the_o duty_n of_o his_o place_n and_o the_o same_o clause_n be_v in_o regino_n 46._o l._n 1._o c._n 254._o and_o regino_n put_v it_o among_o the_o article_n of_o enquiry_n as_o to_o the_o clergy_n 612._o if_o any_o have_v more_o church_n than_o one_o without_o presbyter_n to_o assist_v he_o and_o in_o their_o old_a admonition_n to_o they_o at_o visitation_n it_o be_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n but_o in_o other_o it_o be_v leave_v out_o 9_o thomassin_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o former_a enquiry_n relate_v to_o those_o who_o have_v chapel_n and_o not_o to_o more_o church_n because_o then_o there_o be_v none_o that_o have_v title_n upon_o another_o benefice_n but_o these_o word_n be_v express_v as_o to_o more_o church_n it_o be_v true_a there_o be_v no_o such_o title_n then_o for_o a_o title_n in_o the_o old_a canon_n law_n be_v the_o relation_n which_o a_o clergyman_n stand_v in_o to_o the_o bishop_n of_o his_o diocese_n be_v one_o of_o his_o clergy_n and_o so_o the_o greek_a canonist_n understand_v a_o man_n be_v not_o be_v ordain_v without_o a_o title_n and_o not_o have_v two_o church_n i._n e._n not_o to_o have_v relation_n to_o two_o diocese_n and_o so_o sine_fw-la titulo_fw-la be_v without_o be_v own_v by_o some_o bishop_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o they_o think_v aught_o to_o be_v strict_o observe_v 19_o and_o to_o which_o purpose_n many_o canon_n be_v make_v 16._o both_o ancient_a and_o late_a 3._o and_o if_o any_o desert_v their_o bishop_n 42._o they_o be_v liable_a to_o deprivation_n 20._o afterward_o the_o word_n 54._o title_n come_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o parochial_a church_n 17._o but_o there_o be_v some_o who_o find_v out_o 5._o that_o the_o ancient_a canon_n have_v another_o sense_n 13._o thence_o in_o the_o council_n of_o placentia_n in_o the_o canon_n sanctorum_fw-la dist._n 70._o c._n 2._o 175._o it_o be_v decree_v that_o one_o may_v have_v two_o church_n in_o the_o same_o diocese_n but_o not_o two_o preferment_n in_o several_a cathedral_n and_o in_o the_o council_n of_o clermont_n a._n d._n 1095._o the_o reason_n be_v give_v because_o according_a to_o the_o canon_n no_o man_n can_v have-two_a title_n and_o every_o one_o be_v bind_v to_o hold_v to_o the_o title_n to_o which_o he_o be_v first_o ordain_v but_o after_o all_o 8._o the_o council_n of_o nantz_n show_v plain_o that_o more_o parochial_a title_n be_v then_o allow_v if_o well_o provide_v for_o by_o such_o person_n as_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n approve_v now_o this_o very_a much_o alter_v the_o state_n of_o the_o case_n for_o then_o the_o obligation_n be_v real_a and_o not_o personal_a 3._o it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o ancient_a canon_n 4._o that_o where_o there_o be_v a_o incompetency_n of_o maintenance_n vnio_n they_o allow_v a_o union_n for_o support_v now_o that_o be_v but_o the_o bishop_n act_n in_o join_v what_o have_v be_v divide_v suppose_v a_o sufficient_a subsistence_n and_o a_o reasonable_a distance_n with_o the_o bishop_n allowance_n have_v the_o same_o equity_n i.e._n the_o bishop_n act_n may_v unite_v two_o small_a benefice_n for_o a_o support_n not_o by_o a_o perpetual_a union_n but_o so_o long_o as_o he_o see_v cause_n which_o our_o law_n do_v still_o allow_v under_o such_o a_o value_n but_o it_o be_v rather_o a_o dispensation_n than_o a_o union_n for_o the_o right_n continue_v distinct_a in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n there_o be_v prerogative_n union_n ad_fw-la vitam_fw-la etc._n which_o be_v very_o scandalous_a and_o be_v own_v by_o the_o best_a canonist_n to_o be_v destructive_a of_o all_o order_n 28._o and_o invent_v to_o defeat_v the_o canon_n against_o plurality_n 49._o but_o the_o union_n which_o the_o law_n allow_v be_v only_o those_o where_o two_o distinct_a benefice_n be_v make_v one_o for_o a_o competent_a subsistence_n and_o than_o if_o the_o union_n be_v reasonable_a the_o dispensation_n within_o due_a distance_n be_v so_o too_o balsamon_n say_v in_o the_o greek_a church_n plurality_n be_v not_o forbid_v if_o they_o be_v near_o and_o under_o the_o same_o bishop_n but_o they_o do_v not_o allow_v the_o same_o man_n to_o be_v under_o two_o bishop_n in_o the_o capitular_o that_o clause_n be_v add_v 10._o that_o no_o man_n shall_v have_v more_o live_n than_o one_o si_fw-la facultas_fw-la suppetit_fw-la if_o it_o afford_v a_o reasonable_a subsistence_n and_o therefore_o in_o case_n of_o incompetency_n of_o maintenance_n of_o a_o good_a provision_n for_o curate_n and_o of_o
own_o 1._o and_o be_v hardly_o bring_v to_o any_o reasonable_a allowance_n for_o the_o clergy_n which_o supply_v they_o these_o be_v call_v beneficia_fw-la in_o the_o capitular_o 157._o and_o they_o be_v to_o pay_v nonae_fw-la &_o decimae_fw-la i.e._n a_o five_o part_n out_o of_o they_o which_o be_v obtain_v with_o much_o difficulty_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o many_o law_n make_v about_o they_o 47._o in_o the_o council_n at_o leptin_n a.d._n 743._o carolomannus_n son_n to_o charles_n martel_n own_v the_o let_v out_o some_o of_o the_o church_n land_n sub_fw-la precario_fw-la &_o censu_fw-la upon_o a_o reserve_a rent_n can._n 2._o capit._fw-la l._n 5._o c._n 3._o but_o than_o it_o be_v bare_o for_o life_n but_o the_o consequence_n be_v that_o it_o be_v very_o hard_o to_o recover_v either_o the_o land_n or_o the_o reserve_a rent_n and_o they_o put_v in_o clergyman_n and_o put_v they_o out_o as_o they_o please_v because_o they_o hold_v these_o land_n as_o beneficiary_a tenor_n from_o the_o crown_n so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o work_n of_o more_o than_o a_o age_n to_o put_v the_o church_n there_o in_o any_o tolerable_a condition_n but_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v very_o much_o mistake_v when_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o prove_v the_o right_n of_o patronage_n from_o the_o endowment_n as_o to_o the_o disposal_n of_o benefice_n but_o the_o right_n of_o patronage_n by_o the_o first_o building_n and_o endow_v the_o church_n be_v own_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o iustinian_n novel_n 123._o c._n 18._o and_o two_o thing_n be_v there_o require_v 1._o a_o sufficient_a maintenance_n for_o the_o clergy_n who_o be_v nominate_v 2._o the_o bishop_n satisfaction_n as_o to_o their_o fitness_n about_o which_o he_o speak_v in_o another_o novel_a 56._o tit._n 12._o c._n 2._o and_o he_o elsewhere_o require_v that_o before_o any_o church_n be_v build_v the_o bishop_n shall_v see_v that_o there_o be_v sufficient_a maintenance_n for_o those_o who_o be_v to_o officiate_v novel_a 66._o tit._n 22._o the_o same_o right_o obtain_v here_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o baron_n answer_v to_o gregory_n ix_o who_o affirm_v that_o they_o have_v it_o ever_o since_o christianity_n be_v found_v here_o they_o mean_v ever_o since_o parochial_a church_n be_v endow_v by_o their_o ancestor_n for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o right_n of_o patronage_n before_o and_o such_o patron_n be_v here_o call_v advocati_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o joh._n sarisbur_n ep._n 6._o 119._o and_o the_o ius_n advocationis_fw-la as_o our_o lawyer_n tell_v we_o b._n be_v a_o right_n which_o a_o person_n have_v to_o present_v to_o a_o vacant_a benefice_n in_o his_o own_o name_n which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o what_o bracton_n and_o fleta_n have_v say_v long_o before_o but_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o they_o how_o the_o name_n of_o patron_n and_o advocate_n come_v to_o be_v so_o apply_v among_o the_o roman_n say_v asconius_n pedianus_n the_o patron_n be_v he_o that_o plead_v the_o cause_n of_o another_o the_o advocate_n he_o that_o appear_v in_o court_n on_o his_o behalf_n but_o this_o do_v not_o reach_v to_o the_o ius_n advocationis_fw-la which_o we_o be_v now_o about_o in_o the_o ninety_o seven_o canon_n of_o the_o african_a code_n a_o allowance_n be_v make_v for_o the_o church_n to_o have_v advocate_n to_o solicit_v their_o cause_n at_o court._n 392._o from_o hence_o the_o great_a church_n and_o monastery_n have_v their_o proper_a advocate_n appoint_v they_o by_o the_o king_n 21._o as_o bignonius_n observe_v and_o in_o the_o old_a charter_n of_o aub._n miraeus_n several_a such_o advocate_n be_v appoint_v and_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v a_o honorary_a title_n and_o great_a man_n be_v please_v with_o it_o miraeus_n faith_n 136._o it_o be_v account_v a_o considerable_a honour_n at_o that_o time_n and_o so_o by_o degree_n the_o founder_n of_o parochial_a church_n come_v to_o have_v the_o title_n of_o patron_n and_o advocate_n of_o they_o and_o the_o right_o they_o enjoy_v the_o right_a of_o advowson_n as_o well_o as_o patronage_n not_o as_o some_o ridiculous_o talk_v of_o advocate_n see_v 614._o or_o advocate_n alium_fw-la because_o the_o trust_n and_o care_n of_o those_o church_n endow_v by_o their_o ancestor_n be_v fall_v to_o they_o and_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o look_v after_o 32._o and_o to_o defend_v the_o right_n of_o they_o and_o so_o lyndwood_n explain_v it_o ii_o the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v the_o oblation_n of_o the_o people_n which_o in_o those_o elder_a time_n be_v so_o free_a and_o large_a that_o which_o may_v seem_v incredible_a now_o there_o be_v person_n who_o will_v build_v church_n on_o their_o own_o land_n to_o have_v a_o share_n in_o the_o oblation_n as_o be_v affirm_v in_o one_o of_o the_o spanish_a council_n 6._o and_o there_o forbid_v with_o great_a severity_n it_o be_v not_o 10._o as_o the_o gloss_n on_o the_o canon_n law_n understand_v it_o to_o make_v a_o bargain_n for_o the_o right_n of_o patronage_n but_o it_o be_v express_v to_o have_v a_o equal_a share_n with_o the_o clergy_n in_o the_o oblation_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o agabardus_fw-la 20._o that_o the_o devotion_n of_o person_n in_o the_o first_o age_n be_v so_o great_a that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n to_o make_v law_n or_o canon_n for_o the_o supply_n of_o church_n since_o they_o be_v so_o ample_o provide_v for_o by_o the_o liberality_n of_o the_o people_n thence_o we_o read_v of_o the_o deposita_fw-la pietatis_fw-la in_o tertullian_n 39_o which_o be_v voluntary_a oblation_n and_o out_o of_o which_o be_v make_v divisiones_fw-la mensurnae_fw-la in_o s._n cyprian_n 34._o and_o the_o sportulae_fw-la which_o be_v the_o allowance_n make_v to_o the_o clergy_n out_o of_o the_o common_a stock_n and_o they_o who_o receive_v they_o and_o not_o those_o who_o give_v they_o as_o mr._n selden_n fancy_v be_v call_v sportulantes_fw-la fratres_n and_o the_o allowance_n be_v then_o style_v stipes_n &_o oblationes_fw-la 66._o which_o be_v so_o considerable_a that_o st._n cyprian_n blame_v some_o for_o their_o set_v their_o heart_n too_o much_o upon_o they_o 64._o stipes_n oblationes_fw-la lucra_fw-la desiderant_fw-la quibus_fw-la prius_fw-la insatiabiles_fw-la incubabant_fw-la which_o can_v not_o be_v say_v of_o any_o mere_a necessary_a subsistence_n these_o they_o receive_v tanquam_fw-la decimas_fw-la ex_fw-la fructibus_fw-la as_o st._n cyprian_n speak_v in_o lieu_n of_o tithe_n at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o most_o of_o the_o christian_a church_n inhabit_v the_o city_n and_o give_v out_o of_o their_o stock_n to_o maintain_v the_o church_n and_o those_o who_o attend_v upon_o the_o service_n of_o it_o but_o when_o christianity_n come_v to_o spread_v into_o the_o country_n than_o a_o more_o fix_v and_o settle_a maintenance_n be_v require_v but_o so_o as_o to_o retain_v somewhat_o of_o the_o ancient_a custom_n in_o voluntary_a oblation_n no_o soon_o be_v christianity_n settle_v in_o france_n but_o we_o read_v of_o land_n give_v to_o the_o church_n by_o clodovaeus_n after_o his_o conversion_n these_o be_v own_v by_o the_o first_o council_n of_o orleans_n call_v in_o his_o time_n a._n d._n 511._o and_o be_v put_v into_o the_o bishop_n hand_n and_o to_o be_v distribute_v by_o he_o for_o repair_v of_o church_n maintenance_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o other_o pious_a uses_n can._n 5._o 14_o 15._o but_o beside_o these_o we_o read_v still_o of_o oblation_n make_v by_o the_o people_n on_o the_o altar_n both_o in_o the_o mother-church_n and_o in_o parochial_a church_n if_o in_o the_o mother-church_n one_o moiety_n go_v to_o the_o bishop_n the_o other_o to_o the_o clergy_n if_o in_o the_o other_o only_o the_o three_o part_n to_o the_o bishop_n in_o the_o second_o council_n of_o mascon_n can._n 4._o we_o find_v it_o require_v that_o all_o the_o people_n make_v a_o oblation_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n at_o the_o altar_n and_o this_o be_v a._n d._n 585._o but_o beside_o the_o next_o canon_n insist_o on_o the_o payment_n of_o tithe_n as_o found_v on_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o church_n which_o be_v thereby_o reinforce_v unde_fw-la statuimus_fw-la &_o decernimus_fw-la ut_fw-la mos_fw-la antiquus_fw-la reparetur_fw-la which_o word_n be_v not_o fair_o leave_v out_o by_o mr._n selden_n 58._o because_o they_o show_v that_o there_o be_v only_o in_o this_o canon_n a_o renew_n of_o a_o ancient_a custom_n which_o have_v obtain_v but_o be_v now_o grow_v into_o disuse_n for_o this_o council_n of_o mascon_n be_v call_v on_o purpose_n to_o restore_v what_o they_o find_v too_o much_o decline_v as_o to_o religion_n and_o they_o begin_v with_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o lord_n day_n and_o after_o add_v this_o wherein_o they_o complain_v of_o the_o neglect_n of_o that_o which_o their_o predecessor_n observe_v as_o found_v on_o the_o law_n
i_o come_v to_o those_o who_o be_v capable_a of_o be_v argue_v with_o such_o i_o mean_v who_o be_v unsatisfied_a in_o the_o point_n of_o law_n not_o in_o general_n but_o in_o particular_a case_n from_o whence_o suit_n arise_v and_o those_o be_v often_o from_o these_o cause_n 1._o not_o due_o consider_v the_o just_a measure_n and_o extent_n of_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o tithe_n 2._o not_o attend_v to_o the_o exemption_n or_o discharge_v by_o law_n from_o the_o payment_n of_o tithe_n the_o best_a way_n i_o know_v to_o prevent_v troublesome_a suit_n about_o tithe_n be_v to_o inquire_v diligent_o into_o these_o two_o thing_n 1._o the_o rule_n of_o law_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o tithe_n one_o may_v have_v just_o expect_v that_o in_o a_o matter_n of_o common_a right_n and_o daily_a practice_n and_o wherein_o the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o people_n be_v so_o much_o concern_v as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o clergy_n the_o rule_n of_o law_n shall_v have_v be_v plain_a and_o clear_a and_o liable_a to_o as_o few_o exception_n as_o possible_a but_o instead_o of_o this_o there_o be_v not_o one_o general_a rule_n in_o this_o matter_n but_o have_v several_a exception_n and_o different_a opinion_n have_v be_v about_o they_o by_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o law_n which_o have_v give_v too_o much_o occasion_n to_o the_o multitude_n of_o suit_n which_o have_v be_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o tithe_n so_o that_o the_o clergy_n be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o blame_v if_o they_o be_v unavoidable_o involve_v in_o suit_n by_o the_o perplexity_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o different_a resolution_n which_o have_v be_v make_v about_o the_o case_n report_v by_o they_o this_o i_o shall_v make_v appear_v by_o examine_v some_o of_o the_o most_o general_a rule_n of_o law_n and_o compare_v they_o with_o the_o resolution_n which_o have_v be_v make_v in_o particular_a case_n 1._o one_o of_o the_o most_o stand_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n 214._o be_v that_o tithe_n be_v only_o to_o be_v pay_v of_o thing_n which_o do_v annual_o increase_v ex_fw-la annuatis_fw-la renovantibus_fw-la simul_fw-la &_o semel_fw-la but_o be_v this_o rule_n allow_v in_o all_o case_n 1._o from_o hence_o coke_n conclude_v that_o no_o tithe_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v of_o mineral_n 16._o or_o of_o what_o be_v of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o stone_n turf_n tinn_n lead_v coal_n chalk_n pot_n of_o earth_n be_v deny_v to_o be_v titheable_a but_o i_o find_v 5_o h._n 4._o n._n 65._o a_o petition_n of_o the_o commons_o be_v deny_v about_o be_v sue_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n for_o tithe_n of_o stone_n and_o slat_n take_v out_o of_o their_o quarry_n the_o petition_n be_v renew_v 8_o h._n 4._o and_o then_o the_o king_n answer_n be_v that_o the_o former_a custom_n shall_v continue_v and_o so_o about_o tithe_n for_o sea-coal_n 51_o e._n 3._o n._n 57_o from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o these_o thing_n may_v be_v tithe_v by_o ancient_a custom_n and_o that_o be_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o be_v alter_v but_o 34_o eliz._n it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n 908._o that_o no_o tithe_n be_v due_a of_o quarry_n of_o slat_n or_o stone_n in_o the_o case_n of_o lysle_n and_o wats_n 277._o here_o be_v no_o regard_n to_o custom_n and_o a_o reason_n be_v give_v which_o deserve_v to_o be_v consider_v viz._n that_o he_o may_v have_v tithe_n of_o the_o grass_n or_o corn_n which_o grow_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o land_n where_o the_o quarry_n be_v but_o how_o if_o there_o be_v none_o as_o land_n where_o quarry_n be_v seldom_o afford_v tithe_n but_o the_o note_n on_o the_o register_n say_v 〈…〉_z that_o if_o corn_n do_v grow_v there_o tithe_n of_o it_o will_v be_v due_a however_o so_o that_o here_o we_o have_v a_o rule_n against_o a_o ancient_a custom_n and_o rule_n too_o but_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v that_o fitz-herbert_n and_o brook_n say_v 241._o that_o there_o be_v no_o tithe_n of_o quarry_n or_o coal_n or_o such_o thing_n and_o it_o be_v so_o adjudge_v 11_o jac._n and_o 14_o jac._n and_o in_o other_o case_n since_o 637._o and_o yet_o after_o all_o roll_n yield_v 58_o that_o a_o custom_n in_o these_o case_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v so_o that_o the_o general_a rule_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v so_o as_o there_o be_v no_o custom_n to_o the_o contrary_n and_o as_o to_o mineral_n it_o be_v determine_v by_o a_o late_a writer_n 214._o that_o by_o custom_n tithe_n may_v be_v due_a of_o they_o although_o they_o do_v not_o annual_o increase_v and_o my_o lord_n coke_n mention_n king_n john_n grant_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o exeter_n of_o the_o tithe_n of_o his_o tinn-farm_n 637._o and_o a_o good_a author_n assure_v we_o that_o in_o place_n of_o lead-mine_n 38._o the_o tithe_n of_o lead_n be_v the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o minister_n maintenance_n therefore_o my_o lord_n coke_n conclude_v his_o discourse_n of_o tithe_n with_o this_o general_a rule_n that_o by_o custom_n a_o parson_n may_v have_v tithe_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v not_o titheable_a of_o common_a right_n 664._o 2._o from_o hence_o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o no_o tithe_n can_v be_v due_a for_o house_n because_o they_o have_v no_o annual_a increase_n this_o be_v solemn_o debate_v in_o dr._n grant_n case_n 636._o 11_o jac._n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o tithe_n due_a be_v prove_v by_o the_o counsel_n from_o the_o register_n fitz._n h._n n._n b._n brook_n etc._n etc._n but_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o court_n that_o although_o house_n of_o themselves_o be_v not_o titheable_a yet_o there_o may_v be_v a_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la on_o the_o ground_n on_o which_o the_o house_n stand_v and_o the_o house_n do_v not_o take_v away_o the_o right_n before_o and_o in_o most_o ancient_a city_n and_o burrough_n there_o be_v such_o a_o modus_fw-la for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o minister_n i_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la upon_o house_n but_o not_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o ground_n they_o stand_v upon_o but_o there_o be_v a_o customary_a duty_n upon_o house_n in_o lieu_n of_o tithe_n and_o be_v account_v a_o sort_n of_o praedial_a tithe_n although_o they_o be_v call_v oblationes_fw-la de_fw-la domibus_fw-la negotiate_v as_o lyndwood_n say_v and_o be_v distinct_a from_o personal_a tithe_n for_o the_o jew_n be_v bind_v to_o pay_v tithe_n of_o house_n but_o not_o personal_a such_o be_v the_o rate_n on_o house_n in_o london_n but_o in_o dr._n layfield_n case_n it_o be_v deny_v 244._o that_o there_o can_v be_v a_o prescription_n of_o tithe_n upon_o house_n because_o they_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v only_o for_o the_o increase_n of_o thing_n 596._o what_o be_v now_o become_v of_o the_o former_a modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la when_o a_o prescription_n be_v here_o insist_v upon_o and_o deny_v 11._o so_o that_o here_o be_v different_a opinion_n a_o special_a custom_n be_v allow_v upon_o good_a reason_n and_o here_o a_o prescription_n disallow_v upon_o such_o a_o reason_n as_o will_v have_v overthrow_v the_o former_a custom_n and_o yet_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o still_o 3._o from_o hence_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o if_o this_o rule_n hold_v thing_n which_o have_v not_o a_o annual_a increase_n will_v not_o be_v titheable_a then_o no_o tithe_n of_o saffron_n will_v be_v due_a who_o head_n be_v gather_v but_o once_o in_o three_o year_n nor_o of_o sylva_n caedua_fw-la under_o twenty_o year_n and_o yet_o this_o be_v allow_v in_o parliament_n at_o sarum_n 49._o say_v the_o register_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v not_o renew_v every_o year_n 640._o and_o roll_n say_v that_o tithe_n shall_v be_v pay_v of_o beech_n hazle_n willow_n holly_n alder_n maple_n even_o after_o twenty_o year_n because_o they_o be_v not_o timber_n but_o what_o if_o willow_n be_v use_v for_o timber_n then_o hobart_n say_v 219._o they_o ought_v to_o be_v except_v if_o young_a tree_n grow_v in_o a_o nursery_n 526._o and_o be_v sell_v 637._o it_o be_v allow_v that_o tithe_n shall_v be_v pay_v of_o they_o 416._o and_o these_o be_v not_o renew_v every_o year_n 381._o and_o what_o become_v now_o of_o this_o general_a rule_n when_o so_o many_o exception_n be_v make_v to_o it_o 4._o if_o this_o rule_n hold_v there_o can_v be_v no_o tithe_n of_o after-pasture_n for_o the_o rule_n be_v simul_fw-la &_o semel_fw-la and_o my_o lord_n coke_n say_v 652._o it_o be_v adjudge_v 8_o jac._n that_o a_o parson_n shall_v not_o have_v two_o tithe_n of_o land_n in_o one_o year_n and_o he_o instance_n in_o the_o hay_n and_o after-pasture_n etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o roll_n affirm_v 640._o that_o it_o be_v due_a by_o law_n unless_o there_o be_v a_o prescription_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o he_o say_v the_o judgement_n be_v give_v upon_o
nothing_o else_o but_o the_o common_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n pref._n my_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hales_n say_v ms._n that_o the_o common_a usage_n custom_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v one_o of_o the_o main_a constituent_n of_o our_o law_n b._n coke_n quote_v bracton_n '_o be_v authority_n to_o prove_v that_o custom_n obtain_v among_o we_o the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n where_o it_o be_v receive_v and_o approve_v by_o long_a use._n and_o of_o every_o custom_n he_o say_v there_o be_v two_o essential_a part_n time_n and_o usage_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o continual_a and_o peaceable_a usage_n without_o interruption_n but_o in_o case_n of_o prescription_n or_o custom_n he_o say_v that_o a_o interruption_n of_o ten_o or_o twenty_o year_n hinder_v not_o the_o title_n b._n but_o a_o interruption_n in_o the_o right_n the_o other_o be_v only_o a_o actual_a suspension_n for_o a_o time_n it_o may_v be_v ask_v how_o time_n and_o usage_n come_v to_o make_v law_n since_o time_n have_v no_o operation_n in_o law_n 1_o say_v grotius_n not_o of_o itself_o as_o grotius_n there_o say_v but_o with_o the_o concurrence_n of_o other_o circumstance_n it_o may_v bracton_n say_v 3._o long_fw-mi possessio_fw-la parit_fw-la jus_o possidendi_fw-la and_o by_o a_o long_a and_o peaceable_a possession_n dominion_n be_v transfer_v without_o either_o title_n or_o delivery_n which_o he_o find_v on_o this_o good_a reason_n 1._o that_o all_o claim_n of_o right_a aught_o to_o have_v a_o certain_a limitation_n of_o time_n 40._o and_o length_n of_o time_n take_v away_o any_o proof_n to_o the_o contrary_n littleton_n say_v 170._o that_o time_n out_o of_o memory_n of_o man_n be_v say_v to_o give_v right_o because_o no_o proof_n can_v be_v bring_v beyond_o it_o and_o this_o he_o call_v prescription_n at_o common_a law_n as_o it_o be_v distinguish_v from_o prescription_n by_o the_o several_a statute_n of_o limitation_n but_o whence_o be_v it_o then_o that_o a_o immemorial_n possession_n give_v right_o be_v it_o from_o the_o mere_a silence_n of_o the_o party_n concern_v to_o claim_v it_o no_o silence_n give_v no_o consent_n where_o ignorance_n or_o fear_n may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o and_o be_v it_o a_o punishment_n upon_o the_o neglect_n of_o the_o party_n concern_v so_o bracton_n say_v time_n do_v it_o per_fw-la patientiam_fw-la &_o negligentiam_fw-la very_fw-la domini_fw-la but_o mere_a neglect_n do_v not_o overthrow_v right_o unless_o there_o be_v a_o antecedent_n law_n to_o make_v that_o neglect_v a_o forfeiture_n be_v it_o from_o a_o presumptive_a dereliction_n but_o that_o suppose_v not_o bare_a continuance_n of_o time_n but_o some_o kind_n of_o voluntary_a act_n which_o imply_v a_o sort_n of_o consent_n which_o do_v not_o appear_v in_o this_o case_n and_o it_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n in_o those_o who_o think_v there_o be_v no_o presumptive_a dereliction_n where_o there_o be_v not_o a_o full_a consent_n for_o it_o may_v be_v where_o there_o be_v the_o consent_n of_o a_o mix_a will_n i.e._n partly_o voluntary_a and_o partly_o involuntary_a when_o the_o circumstance_n be_v such_o as_o the_o person_n rather_o choose_v to_o leave_v his_o right_n than_o submit_v to_o the_o lawful_a condition_n of_o enjoy_v it_o as_o if_o a_o man_n will_v rather_o quit_v his_o fee_n than_o perform_v the_o service_n which_o belong_v to_o it_o be_v it_o from_o the_o common_a interest_n of_o mankind_n that_o some_o bound_n be_v fix_v to_o all_o claim_n of_o right_a because_o otherwise_o that_o man_n will_v be_v liable_a to_o perpetual_a disturbance_n if_o the_o right_n be_v permit_v to_o be_v claim_v beyond_o any_o possibility_n of_o proof_n or_o be_v it_o last_o that_o in_o such_o nation_n where_o immemorial_n custom_n obtain_v the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n it_o seem_v agreeable_a to_o the_o foundation_n of_o law_n that_o a_o long_a continue_a possession_n shall_v carry_v right_o along_o with_o it_o and_o this_o be_v the_o case_n here_o in_o england_n as_o not_o only_o appear_v by_o what_o bracton_n have_v say_v prol._n but_o glanvil_n make_v a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o law_n to_o consist_v of_o reasonable_a custom_n of_o long_a continuance_n and_o st._n german_a affirm_v ancient_a general_a custom_n to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a foundation_n of_o our_o law_n 7._o and_o that_o they_o have_v the_o force_n of_o law_n and_o that_o the_o king_n be_v bind_v by_o his_o oath_n to_o perform_v they_o and_o it_o be_v worth_a our_o while_n to_o observe_v what_o general_a custom_n he_o do_v instance_n in_o as_o the_o court_n of_o equity_n and_o law_n the_o hundred_o court_n the_o sheriff_n turn_v the_o court_n baron_fw-fr etc._n etc._n which_o depend_v not_o upon_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o england_n which_o he_o call_v the_o common_a law_n and_o among_o these_o ancient_a custom_n he_o reckon_v up_o right_n of_o descent_n escheat_n the_o different_a sort_n of_o tenor_n freehold_n and_o the_o law_n of_o property_n as_o they_o be_v receive_v among_o we_o we_o be_v now_o to_o inquire_v how_o far_o any_o of_o our_o ecclesiastical_a constitution_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v build_v upon_o this_o foundation_n and_o upon_o immemorial_n custom_n general_o receive_v 1._o i_o place_n 1._o the_o distribution_n of_o this_o national_a church_n into_o two_o province_n in_o each_o whereof_o there_o be_v a_o archbishop_n with_o metropolitical_a power_n which_o lie_v chief_o in_o these_o thing_n 1._o the_o right_n of_o consecration_n of_o his_o suffragans_fw-la 2._o the_o right_n of_o visitation_n of_o every_o diocese_n in_o such_o way_n and_o manner_n as_o custom_n have_v settle_v it_o 3._o the_o right_n of_o receive_v appeal_n from_o inferior_a court_n of_o judicature_n in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n 4._o the_o right_n of_o preside_v in_o provincial_a council_n of_o the_o suffragans_fw-la of_o his_o province_n which_o by_o the_o most_o ancient_a constitution_n of_o this_o church_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v once_o a_o year_n so_o it_o be_v decree_v in_o the_o council_n under_o theodore_n 153._o a._n d._n 673._o but_o by_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o time_n they_o be_v discontinue_v and_o so_o the_o authority_n of_o examine_v thing_n through_o the_o province_n come_v by_o a_o kind_n of_o devolution_n to_o the_o archbishop_n and_o his_o court_n 5._o the_o custody_n of_o vacant_a see_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n fall_v to_o the_o metropolitan_a if_o there_o have_v be_v no_o custom_n or_o composition_n to_o the_o contrary_n and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v upon_o solemn_a 322._o debate_n resolve_v in_o our_o court_n of_o common_a law_n 176._o coke_n think_v that_o of_o common_a right_n it_o belong_v to_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n 43._o but_o by_o custom_n to_o the_o archbishop_n 91._o but_o panormitan_n say_v olim_fw-la there_o be_v no_o pretence_n of_o common_a right_n for_o they_o till_o the_o time_n of_o boniface_n viii_o 2._o the_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n of_o every_o bishop_n over_o the_o clergy_n of_o his_o own_o diocese_n this_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o christianity_n among_o we_o for_o no_o soon_o be_v church_n plant_v but_o there_o be_v bishop_n set_v over_o they_o who_o have_v from_o the_o beginning_n so_o much_o authority_n that_o none_o of_o the_o clergy_n can_v either_o receive_v or_o quit_v his_o benefice_n without_o their_o consent_n and_o approbation_n and_o they_o be_v all_o bind_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o their_o behaviour_n at_o their_o visitation_n and_o in_o case_n of_o contempt_n or_o other_o misdemeamour_n they_o be_v to_o proceed_v against_o they_o according_a to_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n i_o do_v not_o say_v the_o diocese_n be_v at_o first_o all_o model_v alike_o or_o with_o the_o same_o bound_n which_o they_o now_o have_v which_o be_v unreasonable_a to_o suppose_v consider_v the_o gradual_a conversion_n of_o the_o nation_n for_o at_o first_o there_o be_v but_o one_o bishop_n in_o every_o one_o of_o the_o saxon_a kingdom_n except_o kent_n where_o be_v but_o one_o suffragan_n to_o the_o metropolitan_a for_o some_o time_n till_o the_o kingdom_n come_v to_o be_v unite_v or_o the_o king_n consent_v to_o a_o increase_n of_o several_a diocese_n and_o unite_n they_o under_o one_o metropolitan_a which_o be_v a_o work_n of_o time_n but_o in_o all_o the_o saxon_a council_n we_o find_v no_o mention_n of_o any_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n but_o what_o be_v in_o the_o bishop_n themselves_o council_z cloveshoo_n can._n 1_o 4_o 5._o council_n cealchyth_n can._n 1._o egbert_n canon_n c._n 45_o 62._o the_o first_o who_o begin_v to_o seek_v for_o exemption_n be_v the_o abbot_n who_o be_v under_o the_o bishop_n jurisdiction_n who_o be_v too_o near_o they_o and_o therefore_o they_o endeavour_v to_o get_v under_o the_o pope_n immediate_a jurisdiction_n by_o charter_n of_o exemption_n which_o the_o great_a abbey_n either_o procure_v or_o make_v