Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n
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A43746
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Institutions, or, Advice to his grandson in three parts / by William Higford ...
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Higford, William, 1581?-1657.
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1658
(1658)
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Wing H1947; ESTC R34464
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23,330
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114
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the Prince his Nobility his Pensioners his Gaurds his Genius and disposition his prime Favourites his Great Officers of State his Counsellors of State the manner of their procession how they take places their severall Commands Authorities and jurisdictions Then to observe his Courts of Justice the quality of his Judges the processes pleadings and progressions for Hearing as well in causes criminal as civil and the Results Sentences Appeals Arrests Judgments depending thereupon The latitude also and power of every Court of Justice Then are you to consider his Forces what number he is able to bring into the Field his Cavalry his Infantry the condition of his soldiers whether mercenary auxiliar or natural which is the best sort their discipline and order Next to consider his Forces at Sea the situation capacity and convenience of his Havens and ports what vessels and of what burthen he is able to set to Sea and then for the maintenance of both you may survey his Ammunition his Storehouses Magazins and Arsenalls Then what revenewes and intreates he hath to maintain support and defray the charge of his Forces both by Sea and Land And therein to take notice of his marks of soveraingnty what he can do with and without his people And therein to consider his Treaâ—…ry his Exchecker and Finaces his Crown Lands his Customes Priviledges and Flowers of his Crown Then his extraordinaâ—…es what Contributions Subsides â—…ids Impositions and Gabells â—…e raiseth from his People Then â—…e you to consider his Friends and Allyes what his leagues are â—…hither offensive or defensive â—…r both and of what continuance â—…ey are like to be Then you â—…ay look upon his Religion his â—…leargy and the Goverment â—… them their Rites and Ceremoâ—…es Liturgy Sermons and Teâ—…ers Then are you to have reâ—…urse to the Universities and in â—…em the most famous Men their â—…putations and controversies and whatsoever more you shall finde rare and fit for imitation when you return into England Now for the Commodiousness of your Travell it concerneth you to be skild in the Languages of such countryes wherein you are to travell The French is most in use It is a most sweet Tongue called the Womans Tongue and as I think for the Addresses from the servant to the Mistris and from the subject to the Soveraigne there is no sweeter nor more civil Language in the World Some progression were fit for you to make in this usefull Language Some of your good friends have very much enabled themselves and gained much honour and reputation by their Residence in forein parts The Lord Scudamore hath required much honour to our Nation by his Ambassage into France his directtion and Addresses to some of his noble Friends there will be an especiall Advantage to you The late Sr. Iohn Scudamore unfortunately deceased brought come many rare Books and observations of his Travell which are well worth your perusall if they might be gotten I was in my particular much bound unto him for his Favours He visited and caressed me when I was a Prisoner and did me noble offices which here I mention in honour to his Memory I must not forget the Princely exercise of Hunting wherein the â—…gacity of the irrational creature â—…s very observable Et odora canum vis Hunting is usefull to know the situation and distance of places to enure your Body to labour and by the bounty of your Horse to clime the Hills and descend the Vallies like young Ascanius Nunc hos cursu nunc praeterit illos So also is the Gentile exercise of Hawking more especially at the River to see the Falcon lessen her self and to fall down upon the Foul like a Thunderbolt These are noble erercises if the convenience of your Estate and affairs may afford you a dispensation to make use of them There are also other parts becoming a Gentleman as Limming Portraying with the Pensile and many other which I leave to your own Election and Judgement The Conclusion TO conclude with a story Sempronius Gracchus Father of Caius and Tiberius Gracchus observing the turbulent dispositions of his two Sons persuaded them to reside in the Country at his Farm there to negotiate in his affairs of husbandry but his said Sons being of a more boyling and tumultuous humour They afterward became incendiaries in the State of Rome would not hearken to their Fathers commands but resolved to abide in the City at that time the Theater of the World for high Atchievements and Actions Their Father not prevailing with them used and delivered unto them these words My Sons if you will not return into the Country as I desired then take care I pray you that you act nothing Indignum Nomine Sempronio You My dear Coson derive some honour from your late Father much more ennobled by your worthy Mother Act nothing I beseech you that shall be unworthy of your Ancestors from whom you descend But I have a better confidence of you and your Name hath been also very fortunate to our family Bonum nomen bonum Omen I hope it will be verifyed of you as it was of Jhon Baptist in the person of Elias Joannes cum venerit restituet omnia And for Dixton I hope it will be said the same which was said of Rome under the Government of Augustus Lâ—…teritiam invenit reliquit marmoream And to that purpose I shall commend you to God in my prayers God so bless and govern you that you may be a contentment to your self a comfort to your worthy Mother an Honour to our decayed Family to me your well doing an unspeakable Joy and which is the summe of all that you may be the faithfull Servant of Almighty God to live in his fear and dy in his Favour Amen DEO GLORIA
Epictetus taught this vertue in two words Sustine Abstine Aristotle defineth it Virtus cohibens appetitum in jis quae turpiter appetuntur But St. Gregory goes farther Qui non temperat à licitis incidet in illicita It is not enough to abstain from things forbidden and unlawfull but even from the immoderate use of lawfull things also This is the sweet vertue nay the Lady and Mistris of all the rest This must be your consort both at Bed and at Board At Bed to preserve your Chastity at Board to preserve your Health Chastity is a great gift of God the chast shall follow the Lamb They lead an Angelical life here in carne sine carne Health is the greatest Worldly blessing As it is an Axiom in Philosophy Anima sequitur temperaturam corporis so certainly the distempers of the body do dogg and disturb the faculties of the mind This vertue will preserve you from the loathsome sin of Drunkenness which if it once get possession of you will encrease with your age gather strength Other vices may have some Generosity in them this savoureth too much of the Pigg It excludeth a man from the Kingdom of God it depriveth him of his reason it exposeth him to contempt and scorne it bringeth many other sad consequences and disasters I know there is sometimes a joviality amongst men upon prosperous events whereby you may be drawn perhaps to exceed by Persons of Honour But be sure if you drink ad hilaritatem drink not ad ebrietatem Make not your self a Bruers Horse to carry Drink Pretend other business and fair excuses to come off Wine and strong drink is a traitor The Wine sparkleth in the Cup it runneth sweetly down the throat but it biteth like a Serpent and the end is bitterness as the wisest man hath observed I presume I might have forborne this to you but because it is morbus patrius so catching and infectious I have taken leave to deliver mine opinion thereof There is another sort of Temperance to restrain Anger It will be good for you to resist the beginnings of Anger and to kill this raging serpent in the egge Augustus Caesar before he would do any thing in his Anger would say over the Greek Alphabet but let your direction be when your Anger ariseth to say over the Lords Prayer twice or thrice the oftener the better and remember what Solomon saith It is the discretion of a man to defer his anger and his glory to pass by offenses From these Cardinall Virtues I shall now proceed to some good Additions and comely Ornaments of a Gentleman And the first that I shall propose unto you is the noble exercise of Riding the great Horse A knight on Horseback is one of the goodlyest sights in the World Methinkes I see Sr. James Scudamore your thrice noble Grandfather a brave Man of Armes both at Tilt and Barriers after the voyage of Cales and the Canaâ—y Ilands wherein he performed very remarkable and signal service under the Conduct of the Earl of Essex enter the Tiltyard in a handsome equipage all in compleate Armor embelished with Plumes his Beaver close mounted upon a very high bounding horse I have seen the shooes of his horse glister above the heads of all the people and when he came to the encounter or shock brake as many Spears as the most her Majesty Q Elizabeth with a Train of Ladies like the Starrs in the Firmament and the whole Court looking upon him with a very gratious aspect And when he came to reside with Sr. John Scudamore his Father Two braver Gentlemen shall I never see together at one time such a Father such a Son Himself and other brave Cavalliers and some of their Menials and of his suit to manage every morning Six or more brave well-ridden Horses every Horse brought forth by his Groom in such decency order and honour that Holme-Lacy at that time seemed not onely an Academy but even the very Court of a Prince Sir you may not boast your self to descend from such Auncestors unless also you have an earnest emulation to succeed them in their virtues The next is the most noble Art of Defence You may note it is not called the Art of Offence to offend and to do wrong is inhumane and barbarous Nihil intolerabilius saith Tully in benè morata republica quà m aliquid fieâ—…i per vim If you wrong your Superiour then you know that will be impar congressus upon the shock the Iron pot will quickly break in peices the sides of the earthen pot And if you wrong your Inferiour then shall you descend and make him equal with your self and if you be vanquished it will tend the more to your dâ—shonour But above all things you are to avoid duelling To be engaged in a Duell is to be accursed from your Mothers Womb. Two great extremities to kill or to be killed By the one you will be no other than Cain after the killing of his Brother Abel a runnagate upon the face of the earth with the horrour of conscience whose worm dyeth not and by the other you dy out of Charity in the disfavour of Almighty God a most fearfull condition To prevent and avoid Quarels wise men have observed 4. things First hold no Arguments vehemently Every man loveth the child of his own brain as well as the child of his body and few men will yield Reason with your Antagonist soberly repeat his Argument in some measure seem to approve it though never so absurd crave his pardon that you dissent from him and then press your Reasons fairly and perspicuously you are not bound to make another man of your opinion if you cannot gain him fall off Secondly Make no Comparisons Comparisons are odious saith our Proverb For either you will over-praise which will be a fault in you a noble Gentleman a brave Gentleman an honest Gentleman â—…s praise sufficient or else you will detract and that will offend also Thirdly Lay no wagers This hath been an occasion of many Quarrels kindled by Avarice Lastly Avoid all scurrility rubb no old sores and lose not your friend for your Jest Facetiae saith Tacitus quae nimium de vero traxerint acrem sui memoriam relinquent But to defend your self in a just cause that is agreeable to the Lawes of God nature and man and to do it with judgment and resolution will marvellously tend to your honour and safety The use of Arms doth much differ in these times I hear now the single Rapier is altogether in use when I was young the Rapier and Dagger And I cannot understand seeing God hath given a man two Hands why he should not use them both for his defence The bravest Gentlemen of Armes which I have seen were Sr. Charles Candish and the now Marquess of New-Castle his son Sr. Kenelm Digby and Sr. Lewis Dives whom I have seen compose their whole bodies in such a posture that they seemed to be