meeting_n or_o concourse_n of_o people_n for_o the_o sale_n of_o such_o commodity_n as_o their_o neighbourhood_n will_v not_o take_v off_o their_o hand_n and_o thus_o the_o great_a town_n that_o have_v wall_n or_o castle_n become_v the_o great_a market_n and_o other_o less_o and_o this_o make_v the_o neighbourhood_n of_o those_o town_n to_o repair_v thither_o to_o buy_v as_o other_o to_o sell_v but_o time_n discover_v a_o double_a inconvenience_n herein_o viz._n that_o by_o these_o less_o public_a sale_n in_o small_a village_n where_o little_a or_o no_o care_n of_o right_n or_o justice_n be_v have_v and_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o word_n pagan_n become_v a_o word_n of_o reproach_n many_o man_n good_n by_o clandestine_v contract_n be_v lose_v and_o no_o care_n have_v of_o their_o recovery_n and_o which_o be_v yet_o more_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o public_a that_o the_o great_a town_n appoint_v for_o the_o strength_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n become_v ill_o provide_v with_o supply_n of_o victual_n either_o for_o the_o present_a or_o future_a and_o what_o be_v have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v get_v at_o the_o second_o hand_n and_o high_a rate_n than_o the_o country_n village_n have_v the_o wise_a man_n by_o public_a edict_n lay_v a_o restraint_n of_o market_n in_o small_a village_n and_o more_o private_a place_n and_o thus_o the_o great_a town_n have_v market_n former_o become_v more_o public_a market_n not_o by_o any_o new_a right_n or_o privilege_n from_o the_o crown_n for_o it_o neither_o have_v such_o power_n nor_o can_v have_v but_o upon_o usurpation_n against_o the_o common_a right_n of_o such_o town_n and_o place_n of_o public_a defence_n this_o restraint_n upon_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a be_v make_v first_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o their_o law_n but_o more_o clear_o declare_v and_o confirm_v afterward_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o norman_n which_o never_o give_v any_o new_a right_n of_o market_n overt_a unto_o those_o place_n of_o public_a defence_n but_o only_o do_v inhibit_v the_o same_o in_o the_o small_a village_n and_o private_a place_n in_o which_o respect_n although_o the_o king_n of_o this_o nation_n in_o future_a time_n take_v leave_v to_o abolish_v that_o restraint_n which_o do_v lie_v upon_o some_o of_o those_o more_o private_a place_n for_o certain_a reason_n of_o state_n and_o so_o these_o place_n become_v market_n overt_a which_o former_o be_v none_o yet_o can_v they_o never_o take_v away_o that_o privilege_n which_o nature_n itself_o cast_v upon_o those_o great_a town_n be_v the_o very_a limb_n of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o wrong_n do_v to_o common_a right_n and_o the_o public_a good_a nor_o abridge_v they_o of_o that_o power_n but_o that_o they_o may_v still_o use_v their_o liberty_n at_o time_n and_o place_n within_o their_o precinct_n as_o may_v best_o conduce_v with_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o place_n even_o as_o any_o particular_a free_a man_n may_v govern_v his_o own_o estate_n as_o he_o like_v best_o and_o thus_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n it_o be_v to_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o ancient_a burrough_n of_o this_o kingdom_n proper_o do_v not_o hold_v their_o liberty_n of_o market_n overt_a by_o prescription_n or_o charter_n but_o by_o common_a right_n and_o not_o as_o a_o corporation_n make_v by_o charter_n but_o as_o they_o be_v a_o multitude_n of_o people_n ancient_o gather_v together_o and_o unite_a upon_o who_o the_o strength_n and_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v or_o do_v former_o much_o more_o depend_v then_o on_o any_o of_o the_o small_a village_n &_o open_a town_n even_o as_o every_o free_a man_n possess_v and_o use_v his_o proper_a inheritance_n and_o estate_n without_o particular_a privilege_n derive_v from_o the_o crown_n nor_o can_v the_o king_n take_v away_o the_o liberty_n of_o market_n overt_a from_o such_o place_n more_o than_o he_o can_v take_v away_o the_o liberty_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v from_o any_o free_a man_n to_o who_o the_o law_n allow_v a_o liberty_n of_o ownership_n this_o i_o submit_v to_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o different_a opinion_n concern_v the_o same_o this_o liberty_n of_o township_n thus_o make_v and_o the_o place_n and_o people_n inhabitant_n thereof_o be_v of_o such_o consequence_n in_o the_o public_a administration_n have_v for_o their_o better_a support_n and_o safety_n liberty_n of_o fortification_n gloss_n ll._n edw._n cap._n 1._o ll._n aethelst_n cap._n 12._o ll._n aethelst_n cap._n 13._o gloss_n and_o power_n to_o charge_v one_o another_o with_o the_o maintenance_n of_o these_o fortification_n by_o a_o imposition_n call_v burghbote_n and_o hold_v their_o tenement_n under_o a_o rent_n to_o their_o lord_n or_o king_n call_v burgage_n as_o they_o be_v a_o body_n aggregate_v chap._n xxxiv_o of_o the_o forest_n beside_o other_o prerogative_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n they_o have_v also_o a_o franchise_n for_o wild_a beast_n for_o the_o chase_n which_o we_o common_o call_v forrest_n be_v a_o precinct_n of_o ground_n neither_o parcel_n of_o the_o county_n nor_o the_o diocese_n nor_o of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o rather_o appendant_a thereunto_o this_o savour_v of_o the_o old_a german_a sport_n but_o by_o custom_n turn_v from_o sport_n to_o earnest_n for_o although_o in_o the_o first_o time_n the_o saxon_n be_v so_o few_o and_o the_o country_n so_o spacious_a that_o they_o may_v allow_v the_o beast_n their_o farm_n as_o well_o as_o themselves_o their_o own_o people_n nevertheless_o so_o multiply_v as_o of_o necessity_n they_o must_v intercommon_a either_o with_o beast_n or_o fish_n the_o former_a whereof_o however_o more_o cleanly_a yet_o the_o latter_a have_v the_o sure_a footing_n and_o be_v choose_v as_o the_o least_o of_o two_o evil_n rather_o than_o for_o any_o likelihood_n of_o good_a neighbourhood_n for_o as_o nature_n teach_v beast_n to_o prey_n for_o themselves_o so_o man_n to_o defend_v their_o own_o and_o this_o breed_v such_o a_o feud_n between_o beast_n and_o man_n as_o that_o king_n doubt_v to_o loose_v their_o game_n take_v in_o with_o the_o weak_a that_o the_o world_n may_v see_v the_o happiness_n of_o england_n where_o beast_n enjoy_v their_o liberty_n as_o well_o as_o man_n but_o this_o be_v as_o it_o be_v by_o compromise_n for_o it_o have_v be_v very_o hard_o to_o have_v please_v the_o free_a man_n who_o have_v liberty_n of_o game_n within_o their_o own_o ground_n by_o common_a right_n 77_o ll._n canut_n c._n 77_o and_o to_o preserve_v the_o king_n liberty_n of_o forest_n coincident_a therewith_o have_v not_o the_o king_n employ_v on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o power_n of_o a_o dane_n that_o look_v somewhat_o like_o a_o conqueror_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o which_o look_v as_o like_v to_o the_o bounty_n of_o a_o king_n in_o allow_v liberty_n of_o ownership_n to_o man_n inhabit_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o forest_n which_o at_o the_o first_o be_v set_v apart_o only_o for_o the_o king_n pleasure_n and_o all_o his_o wit_n to_o make_v a_o law_n somewhat_o short_a of_o a_o full_a freedom_n and_o yet_o outreach_v that_o of_o bondage_n which_o we_o since_o have_v commend_v to_o posterity_n under_o the_o forest_n charter_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o it_o prove_v a_o hard_a matter_n for_o king_n to_o hunt_v by_o law_n and_o the_o law_n itself_o a_o yoke_n somewhat_o too_o heavy_a for_o a_o commonwealth_n to_o bear_v in_o old_a age_n if_o self_n deny_v majesty_n shall_v please_v to_o take_v it_o away_o chap._n xxxv_o concern_v judge_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n thus_o far_o of_o the_o several_a tribe_n and_o member_n of_o this_o commonweal_n which_o like_o so_o many_o conduit_n head_n derive_v the_o influence_n of_o government_n through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o this_o island_n and_o in_o every_o of_o which_o judiciary_n power_n act_v itself_o in_o all_o cause_n arise_v within_o the_o verge_n of_o that_o precinct_n some_o of_o which_o have_v more_o extraordinary_a trial_n before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n of_o lord_n according_a as_o the_o party_n concern_v be_v of_o great_a degree_n or_o the_o cause_n of_o more_o public_a concernment_n example_n hereof_o be_v the_o case_n between_o the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o leoftin_n in_o aetheldreds_n time_n and_o between_o the_o two_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o durham_n in_o edward_n time_n but_o custom_n make_v this_o court_n stoop_v to_o small_a game_n in_o latter_a time_n and_o to_o reach_v at_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o county_n court_n by_o send_v the_o king_n writ_n to_o remove_v certain_a cause_n from_o the_o cognisance_n of_o those_o rural_a judicatories_n to_o their_o sublime_a determination_n 8._o glanvil_n lib._n 6._o cap._n 6_o 7_o 8._o and_o thus_o become_v the_o council_n of_o lord_n as_o a_o oracle_n to_o
withstand_v all_o though_o he_o have_v twice_o consent_v and_o once_o subscribe_v to_o they_o clarindon_n constit_fw-la at_o clarindon_n have_v also_o receive_v some_o kind_n of_o allowance_n thereof_o even_o from_o rome_n itself_o 12._o cap._n 12._o clergy_n man_n hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la shall_v do_v such_o service_n as_o to_o their_o tenure_n belong_v and_o shall_v assist_v in_o the_o king_n court_n till_o judgement_n of_o life_n or_o member_n two_o thing_n be_v hereby_o manifest_a first_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o conqueror_n law_n former_o mention_v bishop_n still_o sit_v as_o judge_n in_o the_o king_n court_n as_o they_o have_v do_v in_o the_o saxon_a time_n but_o it_o be_v upon_o cause_n that_o mere_o concern_v the_o laity_n so_o as_o the_o law_n of_o the_o conqueror_n extend_v only_o to_o separate_v the_o laity_n out_o of_o the_o spiritual_a court_n and_o not_o the_o clergy_n out_o of_o the_o lay_v court_n second_o that_o the_o clergy_n especial_o those_o of_o the_o great_a sort_n question_v their_o service_n due_a by_o tenure_n as_o if_o they_o intend_v neither_o lord_n nor_o king_n but_o the_o pope_n only_o doubtless_o the_o use_n of_o tenor_n in_o those_o time_n be_v of_o infinite_a consequence_n to_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o government_n of_o these_o king_n when_o as_o by_o these_o principal_o not_o only_a all_o degree_n be_v untie_v and_o make_v dependent_a from_o the_o lord_n paramount_n to_o the_o tenant_n peravale_fw-mi but_o especial_o the_o clergy_n with_o the_o laity_n upon_o the_o crown_n without_o which_o a_o strange_a metamorphosis_n in_o government_n must_v needs_o have_v ensue_v beyond_o the_o shape_n of_o any_o reasonable_a conceit_n the_o one_o half_a almost_o of_o the_o people_n in_o england_n be_v absolute_o put_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o a_o foreign_a power_n sanctuary_n shall_v not_o protect_v forfeit_v good_n 14._o cap._n 13_o 14._o nor_o clerk_n convict_v or_o confess_v this_o be_v law_n but_o violence_n do_v both_o now_o and_o afterward_o much_o obliterate_v it_o church_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o be_v alien_v with_o out_o licence_n 15._o constit_fw-la at_o clarindon_n cap._n 15._o it_o be_v a_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o saxon_n that_o no_o tenement_n hold_v by_o service_n can_v be_v alien_v without_o licence_n or_o consent_v of_o the_o lord_n because_o of_o the_o allegiance_n between_o lord_n and_o tenant_n now_o there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o that_o church_n may_v lie_v in_o tenure_n as_o well_o as_o other_o tenement_n but_o the_o strife_n be_v by_o the_o churchman_n to_o hold_v their_o tenement_n free_a from_o all_o humane_a service_n which_o the_o king_n withstand_v son_n of_o the_o laity_n shall_v not_o be_v admit_v into_o monastery_n without_o the_o lord_n consent_n 16._o cap._n 16._o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n with_o the_o former_a for_o the_o lord_n have_v not_o only_o right_a in_o his_o tenant_n which_o can_v not_o be_v alien_v without_o his_o consent_n but_o also_o a_o right_a in_o his_o tenant_n child_n in_o regard_n they_o in_o time_n may_v by_o descent_n become_v his_o tenant_n &_o so_o lie_v under_o the_o same_o ground_n of_o law_n for_o although_o this_o be_v no_o alienation_n by_o legal_a purchase_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o nature_n of_o the_o same_o relation_n for_o he_o that_o be_v in_o a_o monastery_n be_v dead_a to_o all_o worldly_a affair_n these_o than_o be_v the_o right_n that_o the_o king_n claim_v and_o the_o clergy_n disclaim_v at_o the_o first_o although_o upon_o more_o sober_a consideration_n they_o general_o consent_v unto_o the_o five_o last_o but_o their_o captain_n archbishop_n becket_n withstand_v the_o rest_n which_o cost_v he_o his_o life_n in_o the_o conclusion_n with_o this_o honourable_a testimony_n that_o his_o death_n samson_n like_v effect_v more_o than_o his_o life_n for_o the_o main_a thing_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o pope_n gain_v to_o be_v friend_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o great_a a_o stickler_n in_o the_o church_n affair_n as_o becket_n be_v in_o this_o tragedy_n the_o pope_n observe_v how_o the_o english_a bishop_n have_v forsake_v their_o archbishop_n espy_v a_o muse_n through_o which_o all_o the_o game_n of_o the_o popedom_n may_v soon_o escape_v and_o the_o pope_n be_v leave_v to_o sit_v upon_o thorn_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o authority_n here_o in_o england_n for_o let_v the_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o england_n be_v a_o swear_a servant_n to_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o the_o christian_a world_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o english_a bishop_n not_o concur_v it_o will_v make_v the_o triple_a crown_n at_o the_o best_a but_o double_a 1179._o antiq._n brit._n 302._o f_o xe_n an._n 1179._o alexander_n the_o pope_n therefore_o mean_v not_o to_o trust_v their_o fair_a nature_n any_o long_o but_o put_v a_o oath_n upon_o every_o english_a bishop_n to_o take_v before_o their_o consecration_n whereby_o he_o become_v bind_v 1._o to_o absolute_a allegiance_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o romish_a church_n 2._o not_o to_o further_a by_o deed_n or_o consent_v any_o prejudice_n to_o they_o 3._o to_o conceal_v their_o counsel_n 4._o to_o aid_v the_o roman_a papacy_n against_o all_o person_n 5._o to_o assist_v the_o roman_a legate_n 6._o to_o come_v to_o synod_n upon_o summons_n 7._o to_o visit_v rome_n once_o every_o three_o year_n 8._o not_o to_o sell_v any_o part_n of_o their_o bishopric_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o thus_o the_o english_a bishop_n that_o former_o do_v but_o regard_n rome_n now_o give_v their_o estate_n body_n and_o soul_n unto_o her_o service_n that_o which_o remain_v the_o king_n of_o england_n may_v keep_v and_o well_o it_o be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o worse_o 1167._o m._n paris_n an._n 1167._o consider_v that_o the_o king_n have_v vow_v perpetual_a enmity_n against_o the_o pope_n but_o he_o wise_o perceive_v that_o the_o king_n spirit_n will_v up_o again_o have_v thus_o get_v the_o main_a battle_n dare_v not_o adventure_v upon_o the_o king_n rear_n lest_o he_o may_v turn_v head_n and_o so_o he_o let_v the_o king_n come_v off_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o appeal_n 11._o baronus_fw-la anal._n 1164._o sec._n 11._o and_o a_o order_n to_o annul_v the_o custom_n that_o by_o he_o be_v bring_v in_o against_o the_o church_n which_o in_o truth_n be_v none_o this_o be_v too_o much_o for_o so_o brave_a a_o king_n as_o henry_n the_o second_o to_o loose_v to_o the_o scarecrow_n power_n of_o rome_n yet_o it_o befall_v he_o as_o many_o great_a spirit_n that_o favour_n prevail_v more_o with_o they_o then_o fear_v or_o power_n for_o be_v towards_o his_o last_o time_n wear_v with_o grief_n at_o his_o unnatural_a son_n a_o shadow_n of_o the_o kindness_n of_o the_o pope_n legate_n unto_o he_o win_v that_o which_o the_o clergy_n can_v never_o former_o wrest_v from_o he_o in_o these_o particular_n grant_v by_o he_o 1176._o m._n paris_n an._n 1176._o that_o no_o clerk_n shall_v answer_v in_o the_o lay_v court_n but_o only_o for_o the_o forest_n and_o their_o lay_n fee._n this_o savour_v more_o of_o courtesy_n than_o justice_n and_o therefore_o we_o find_v not_o that_o the_o same_o do_v thrive_v nor_o do_v continue_v long_o in_o force_n as_o a_o law_n although_o the_o claim_n thereof_o last_v vacance_n shall_v not_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n above_o one_o year_n unless_o upon_o case_n of_o necessity_n this_o seem_v to_o pass_v somewhat_o from_o the_o crown_n but_o lose_v it_o nothing_o for_o if_o the_o clergy_n accept_v of_o this_o grant_n they_o thereby_o allow_v the_o crown_n a_o right_a to_o make_v it_o and_o a_o liberty_n to_o determine_v its_o own_o right_a or_o continue_v the_o same_o by_o be_v sole_a judge_n of_o the_o necessity_n killer_n of_o clerk_n convict_v shall_v be_v punish_v in_o the_o bishop_n presence_n by_o the_o king_n justice_n in_o the_o licentious_a time_n of_o king_n steven_n wherein_o the_o clergy_n play_v rex_n they_o grow_v so_o unruly_a that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n they_o have_v commit_v above_o a_o hundred_o murder_n to_o prevent_v this_o evil_a the_o king_n loath_a to_o enter_v the_o list_n with_o the_o clergy_n about_o too_o many_o matter_n let_v loose_v the_o law_n of_o feud_n for_o the_o friend_n of_o the_o party_n slay_v to_o take_v revenge_n and_o this_o cost_n the_o blood_n of_o many_o clerk_n the_o laity_n haply_o be_v more_o industrious_a therein_o then_o otherwise_o they_o will_v have_v be_v because_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n for_o the_o most_o part_n favour_v they_o as_o a_o expedient_a to_o all_o which_o this_o law_n be_v make_v and_o so_o the_o clergy_n be_v still_o leave_v to_o their_o clergy_n and_o justice_n do_v upon_o such_o as_o seek_v their_o blood_n clergy_n man_n shall_v not_o be_v hold_v to_o trial_n by_o battle_n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o either_o
of_o the_o validity_n of_o the_o will_n in_o its_o general_a nature_n it_o be_v transmit_v to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n chap._n lxiii_o of_o the_o militia_n of_o this_o kingdom_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o these_o king_n i_o undertake_v not_o the_o debate_n of_o right_n but_o as_o touch_v matter_n of_o fact_n short_o thus_o much_o that_o from_o the_o norman_a time_n the_o power_n of_o the_o militia_n rest_v upon_o two_o principle_n the_o one_o the_o allegiance_n for_o the_o common_a defence_n of_o the_o king_n person_n and_o honour_n and_o kingdom_n and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o king_n have_v the_o power_n to_o levy_v the_o force_n of_o the_o kingdom_n nevertheless_o the_o cause_n be_v still_o under_o the_o cognisance_n of_o the_o great_a council_n so_o far_o as_o to_o agree_v or_o disavow_v the_o war_n if_o they_o see_v cause_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o defection_n of_o the_o baron_n in_o the_o quarrel_n between_o king_n steven_n and_o the_o empress_n and_o between_o king_n john_n and_o his_o baron_n the_o other_o principle_n be_v the_o service_n due_a to_o the_o lord_n from_o the_o tenant_n and_o by_o virtue_n hereof_o especial_o whenas_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o commons_o be_v in_o question_n the_o militia_n be_v sway_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o they_o draw_v the_o people_n in_o arm_n either_o one_o way_n or_o the_o other_o as_o the_o case_n appear_v to_o they_o the_o experience_n whereof_o the_o king_n from_o time_n to_o time_n feel_v to_o their_o extreme_a prejudice_n and_o the_o kingdom_n damage_n nor_o do_v the_o former_a principle_n oversway_v the_o latter_a although_o it_o may_v seem_v more_o considerable_a but_o only_o in_o the_o time_n of_o civil_a peace_n when_o the_o lord_n be_v quiet_a and_o the_o people_n well_o conceit_v of_o the_o king_n aim_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o public_a which_o happiness_n it_o be_v henry_n the_o second_o lot_n to_o enjoy_v for_o he_o be_v a_o prince_n eminent_a among_o prince_n both_o for_o endowment_n of_o mind_n and_o of_o outward_a estate_n not_o only_o gain_v honour_n abroad_o but_o much_o more_o among_o his_o own_o people_n at_o home_n who_o see_v plain_o that_o he_o be_v for_o foreign_a employment_n of_o honour_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o not_o only_o content_v with_o what_o he_o have_v in_o england_n but_o embark_v together_o with_o the_o laity_n against_o the_o grow_a power_n of_o the_o clergy_n for_o the_o defence_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o crown_n wherein_o also_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n be_v include_v they_o therefore_o be_v secure_a in_o the_o king_n way_n and_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v engage_v unto_o the_o crown_n further_o than_o they_o or_o their_o ancestor_n former_o have_v be_v out_o of_o pretence_n of_o sudden_a extreme_a occasion_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o will_v not_o be_v match_v with_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o defence_n for_o the_o king_n find_v by_o former_a experience_n that_o the_o way_n of_o tenor_n be_v too_o lame_a a_o supply_n for_o his_o acquest_n abroad_o and_o that_o it_o have_v prove_v little_o better_a than_o a_o break_a reed_n to_o the_o crown_n in_o case_n of_o dispute_n with_o the_o people_n aim_v at_o a_o further_a reach_n than_o the_o lord_n or_o commons_o foresee_v and_o have_v learn_v a_o trick_n in_o france_n bring_v it_o over_o although_o it_o be_v neither_o the_o first_o nor_o last_o trick_n that_o england_n learn_v to_o their_o cost_n from_o france_n which_o be_v a_o new_a way_n of_o levy_v of_o man_n and_o arm_n for_o the_o war_n 1181._o hoveden_n 1181._o by_o assess_v upon_o every_o knight_n fee_n and_o upon_o every_o free_a man_n of_o the_o value_n of_o sixteen_o mark_n yearly_a their_o certain_a arm_n and_o upon_o every_o free_a man_n of_o ten_o mark_n yearly_a value_n their_o certain_a arm_n and_o upon_o every_o burgess_n and_o free_a man_n of_o a_o inferior_a value_n their_o certain_a arm_n 2._o that_o these_o shall_v be_v ready_o prepare_v against_o a_o certain_a day_n 3._o that_o they_o shall_v be_v keep_v and_o maintain_v from_o time_n to_o time_n in_o the_o king_n service_n and_o at_o his_o command_n 4._o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v lend_v pledge_a sell_v or_o give_v away_o 5._o that_o in_o case_n of_o death_n they_o shall_v descend_v to_o the_o heir_n who_o if_o under_o age_n shall_v find_v a_o man_n to_o serve_v in_o his_o stead_n 6._o that_o in_o case_n the_o owner_n be_v able_a he_o shall_v be_v ready_a at_o a_o certain_a day_n with_o his_o arm_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n ad_fw-la fidem_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o regni_fw-la svi_fw-la 7._o that_o unto_o this_o every_o man_n shall_v be_v swear_v i_o call_v this_o a_o new_a way_n of_o levy_v of_o arm_n and_o man_n not_o but_o that_o former_o other_o free_a man_n and_o burgess_n find_v arm_n albeit_o they_o hold_v not_o by_o knight_n service_n for_o it_o be_v so_o ordain_v by_o the_o conqueror_n law_n former_o use_v but_o now_o the_o king_n thrust_v in_o two_o clause_n beside_o the_o alter_n of_o the_o arm_n the_o one_o concern_v the_o oath_n whereby_o all_o man_n become_v bind_v the_o other_o concern_v the_o raise_n and_o order_v of_o man_n and_o arm_n which_o here_o seem_v to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o king_n only_o and_o in_o his_o service_n and_o this_o i_o grant_v may_v imply_v much_o in_o common_a capacity_n viz._n that_o all_o the_o power_n of_o the_o militia_n be_v in_o henry_n the_o second_o but_o this_o trick_n catch_v not_o the_o people_n according_a to_o the_o king_n meaning_n for_o the_o word_n ad_fw-la fidem_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o regni_fw-la still_o leave_v a_o muse_n for_o the_o people_n to_o escape_v if_o they_o be_v call_v out_o against_o their_o duty_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o teach_v the_o doctrine_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o repeal_v viz._n that_o what_o be_v not_o according_a to_o their_o faith_n to_o the_o kingdom_n be_v not_o according_a to_o their_o faith_n to_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o they_o can_v find_v in_o their_o heart_n sometime_o to_o sit_v still_o at_o home_n when_o they_o be_v call_v forth_o to_o war_n as_o may_v appear_v in_o one_o passage_n in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n john_n who_o have_v gather_v together_o a_o army_n for_o the_o oppose_a of_o foreign_a power_n at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o pope_n have_v do_v his_o worst_a against_o he_o and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n which_o army_n be_v of_o such_o considerable_a strength_n as_o i_o believe_v none_o since_o the_o conquest_n to_o this_o day_n exceed_v or_o parallel_v it_o but_o the_o king_n mean_a submission_n to_o the_o pope_n legate_n so_o distaste_v the_o noble_n and_o people_n as_o they_o leave_v he_o to_o his_o own_o shift_n and_o that_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o although_o afterward_o he_o have_v advantage_n of_o they_o and_o liberty_n enough_o to_o have_v raise_v a_o army_n to_o have_v strengthen_v himself_o against_o the_o noble_n yet_o the_o lord_n come_v from_o london_n bring_v on_o the_o sudden_a such_o a_o party_n as_o the_o king_n be_v not_o able_a to_o withstand_v and_o so_o he_o come_v off_o with_o that_o conclusion_n make_v at_o renny_n mead_n which_o though_o in_o itself_o be_v honourable_a yet_o lose_v the_o king_n so_o much_o the_o more_o because_o it_o be_v rather_o gain_v from_o he_o then_o make_v by_o he_o chap._n lxiv_o of_o the_o government_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o edward_z the_o first_o and_z edward_z the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n and_o first_o a_o general_a view_n of_o the_o disposition_n of_o their_o government_n one_o hundred_o and_o ten_o year_n more_o i_o have_v together_o take_v up_o to_o add_v a_o period_n to_o this_o first_o part_n of_o discourse_n concern_v english_a government_n principal_o because_o one_o spirit_n of_o arbitrary_a rule_n from_o king_n john_n seem_v to_o breathe_v throughout_o the_o whole_a and_o therewith_o do_v expire_v the_o first_o that_o present_v himself_o be_v henry_n the_o three_o beget_v by_o king_n john_n when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o very_a first_o enterprise_n of_o oppression_n that_o occasion_v the_o first_o baron_n bloody_a war_n and_o which_o this_o king_n be_v so_o miserable_a as_o to_o continue_v for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o life_n and_o reign_n and_o yet_o so_o happy_a as_o to_o see_v it_o end_v about_o four_o year_n before_o he_o die_v although_o the_o soul_n be_v not_o engender_v from_o the_o parent_n yet_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o child_n do_v sometime_o so_o attemper_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o soul_n that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o child_n the_o very_a image_n of_o the_o father_n mind_n and_o this_o henry_n the_o three_o lively_o express_v be_v so_o like_a unto_o his_o father_n john_n in_o his_o worst_a course_n as_o if_o his_o father_n own_o spirit_n
like_a manner_n 11._o that_o debt_n between_o clerk_n due_a be_v determine_v in_o the_o temporal_a court_n 12._o that_o bishop_n be_v compel_v by_o distress_n to_o cause_n clerk_n to_o appear_v in_o lay_v court_n without_o cause_n 13._o that_o the_o church_n lose_v its_o right_n by_o the_o cease_n of_o rent_n or_o pension_n by_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n 14._o that_o nun_n be_v compel_v to_o sue_v in_o the_o lay_v court_n for_o their_o right_n in_o possession_n befalling_a by_o decease_n of_o their_o kindred_n 15._o that_o church_n be_v deprive_v of_o their_o privilege_n till_o they_o show_v quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o hold_v they_o 16._o that_o eccelesiastical_a judge_n be_v stop_v in_o their_o proceed_n by_o sheriff_n and_o great_a man_n 17._o that_o bishop_n refusal_n of_o clerk_n present_v be_v examine_v in_o the_o lay_v court_n 18._o that_o patron_n of_o religious_a house_n do_v oppress_v they_o by_o extreme_a quarter_n 19_o that_o bigamy_n and_o bastardy_n be_v try_v in_o lay_n court_v 20._o that_o the_o king_n suffer_v his_o live_n to_o be_v vacant_a for_o many_o year_n 21._o that_o the_o clergy_n be_v wrong_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o mortmain_n here_o be_v all_o and_o more_o than_o all_o that_o be_v true_a and_o more_o then_o enough_o to_o let_v the_o reader_n see_v that_o the_o writ_n circumspect_a agatis_fw-la be_v but_o a_o face_n put_v on_o for_o the_o present_a after_o lay_v aside_o and_o the_o clergy_n leave_v to_o the_o bare_a canon_n they_o likewise_o show_v what_o the_o clergy_n aim_v at_o and_o in_o that_o they_o do_v not_o obtain_v be_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o laity_n and_o not_o to_o any_o neglect_n in_o themselves_o for_o the_o archbishop_n die_v in_o the_o service_n and_o its_o thought_n that_o grief_n for_o these_o matter_n be_v no_o little_a cause_n thereof_o but_o the_o time_n within_o a_o while_n grow_v troublesome_a brit._n antiq._n brit._n and_o the_o king_n in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o french_a war_n be_v unadvised_a in_o in_o his_o way_n anger_v the_o people_n by_o his_o arbitrary_a levy_n of_o man_n and_o money_n cleri_fw-la articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la as_o it_o bring_v forth_o a_o state_n scowl_v little_a inferior_a to_o a_o quarrel_n and_o to_o pacify_v the_o clergy_n he_o grant_v they_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr consultatione_n habenda_fw-la in_o all_o matrimonial_a and_o testamentary_a case_n i._n stat._n the_o consul_n that_fw-mi 24._o e._n i._n which_o be_v of_o their_o least_o doubt_a privilege_n and_o this_o qualify_v the_o first_o article_n of_o complaint_n next_o forego_v if_o such_o cause_n they_o have_v of_o complaint_n and_o this_o be_v all_o that_o the_o clergy_n get_v at_o edward_n the_o fir_v hand_n edward_n the_o second_o be_v a_o man_n that_o be_v neither_o well_o affect_v to_o rome_n nor_o weak_a in_o spirit_n and_o yet_o so_o unhappy_a that_o his_o way_n neither_o promise_v good_a success_n nor_o ever_o have_v it_o and_o so_o he_o become_v a_o servant_n unto_o the_o humour_n of_o his_o servant_n to_o keep_v his_o head_n above_o water_n but_o especial_o after_o he_o be_v chase_v by_o the_o scot_n and_o quite_o out_o of_o breath_n he_o call_v for_o help_v of_o all_o but_o first_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o bespeak_v they_o with_o the_o ordinance_n of_o articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la wherein_o he_o give_v some_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o complaint_n former_o mention_v which_o it_o seem_v by_o baronius_n be_v exhibit_v in_o parliament_n ecclesiastical_a cognisance_n extend_v unto_o tithe_n oblation_n 1._o cap._n 1._o and_o mortuary_n and_o to_o pecuniary_a recompense_n in_o the_o first_o time_n neglect_v or_o denial_n of_o church-duty_n be_v punish_v in_o the_o king_n court_n by_o fine_a afterward_o the_o bishop_n be_v join_v in_o that_o work_n 6._o ll._n alfred_n c._n 9_o ll._n edw._n cap._n 6._o and_o the_o tythable_a good_n be_v seize_v eight_o part_n whereof_o be_v take_v to_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o bishop_n use_v by_o moity_n a_o nine_o part_n leave_v to_o the_o owner_n and_o the_o ten_o to_o the_o church_n 8._o ll._n canut_n c._n 8._o nor_o have_v the_o bishop_n any_o peculiar_a court_n of_o cognisance_n of_o cause_n till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o norman_n nor_o as_o yet_o in_o those_o time_n have_v they_o power_n to_o all_o intent_n for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o roman_a tribute_n of_o peter-pence_n be_v allow_v by_o the_o conqueror_n law_n to_o the_o bishop_n court_n 180._o ll._n gul._n 20._o cap._n spicileg_n 180._o yet_o we_o find_v no_o law_n for_o tithe_n and_o other_o profit_n to_o be_v recover_v by_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n till_o about_o the_o end_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o reign_n or_o king_n stevens_n time_n for_o at_o a_o council_n at_o london_n in_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o three_o summons_n in_o the_o pope_n name_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o such_o as_o pay_v not_o their_o tithe_n 1173._o binius_fw-la tom._n 7_o foe_n 661._o a_o 1173._o and_o in_o case_n they_o then_o refuse_v they_o shall_v be_v anathema_n and_o after_o that_o time_n in_o a_o council_n at_o oxford_n under_o steven_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o the_o laity_n shall_v be_v entreat_v first_o to_o pay_v their_o tithe_n 19_o baronius_n annal._n 1222._o cap._n 19_o and_o then_o if_o necessity_n require_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v compel_v by_o ecclesiastical_a censure_n so_o as_o their_o power_n creep_v up_o by_o degree_n in_o recover_v of_o church-duty_n as_o it_o do_v in_o testamentary_a matter_n and_o at_o length_n henry_n the_o three_o wear_v and_o spend_v with_o the_o baron_n war_n about_o his_o latter_a end_n yield_v to_o boniface_n the_o archbishop_n his_o importunate_a demand_n and_o first_o give_v liberty_n to_o the_o clergy_n to_o be_v their_o own_o judge_n and_o yet_o the_o lay_v judge_n although_o divers_a of_o they_o be_v clergy_n man_n do_v not_o sudden_o forbear_v till_o this_o law_n come_v which_o give_v some_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o first_o and_o four_o article_n of_o complaint_n forego_v ecclesiastical_a cognisance_n extend_v not_o to_o a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o tithe_n of_o any_o live_n 2._o cap._n 2._o nor_o to_o pecuniary_a mulct_n for_o sin_n save_v by_o way_n of_o commutation_n the_o complaint_n of_o the_o clergy_n in_o henry_n the_o three_o time_n be_v against_o the_o king_n prohibition_n in_o case_n of_o tithe_n indefinite_o for_o in_o those_o time_n &_o afterward_o in_o edw._n the_o fir_v time_n the_o king_n court_n have_v the_o cognisance_n of_o all_o tithe_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o westm_n 2._o c._n 5._o the_o writ_n of_o indicavit_fw-la be_v allow_v in_o case_n of_o right_n of_o any_o portion_n of_o tithe_n yet_o the_o church_n still_o gain_v ground_n and_o about_o or_o before_o the_o death_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o the_o temporal_a judge_n have_v yield_v unto_o the_o clergy_n the_o cognisance_n of_o a_o portion_n of_o tithe_n under_o the_o value_n of_o the_o four_o part_n 1._o artic._n 1._o for_o in_o the_o article_n next_o forego_v the_o clergy_n complaint_n be_v that_o the_o king_n justice_n hold_v cognisance_n of_o the_o four_o part_n &_o here_o they_o be_v confine_v thereto_o by_o this_o law_n which_o the_o clergy_n can_v never_o remove_v for_o violence_n do_v to_o clerk_n the_o offender_n shall_v render_v damage_n in_o the_o king_n court_n but_o excommunication_n 3._o cap._n 3._o penance_n and_o commutation_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o bishop_n court_n the_o canon_n law_n have_v a_o ancient_a claim_n to_o the_o protection_n of_o clerk_n both_o as_o touch_v their_o person_n and_o estate_n and_o prevail_v so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v thereby_o embolden_v to_o offer_v violence_n unto_o other_o but_o as_o i_o former_o show_v by_o a_o law_n in_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n the_o temporal_a judge_n resume_v his_o original_a power_n and_o this_o become_v a_o sore_a evil_n between_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n for_o though_o it_o be_v allow_v that_o clerk_n shall_v not_o be_v sue_v but_o before_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n in_o such_o case_n yet_o it_o be_v no_o warrant_n for_o the_o laity_n likewise_o to_o be_v call_v before_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n in_o such_o case_n and_o therefore_o the_o clergy_n complaint_n show_v that_o the_o matter_n be_v doubtful_a and_o that_o the_o lay_v judge_n general_o maintain_v his_o jurisdiction_n although_o sometime_o he_o disclaim_v it_o as_o it_o may_v appear_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o trespass_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o riot_n commit_v upon_o the_o priory_n of_o st_n john_n of_o jerusalem_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o when_o as_o it_o be_v adjudge_v per_fw-la curiam_fw-la that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n to_o punish_v 30_o fi_n harb_n 7_o hen._n 3._o prohibition_n 30_o but_o
lose_a man_n have_v less_o care_n of_o such_o small_a matter_n and_o therefore_o allow_v that_o his_o judge_n of_o assize_n shall_v be_v licence_v by_o the_o archbishop_n to_o administer_v oath_n in_o their_o circuit_n in_o the_o sacred_a time_n of_o advent_n and_o septuagessima_fw-la 209._o antiq._n brit._n eccles_n 209._o and_o this_o course_n continue_v till_o henry_n the_o eight_o time_n the_o clergy_n have_v thus_o get_v the_o bridle_n gallop_v amain_o they_o now_o call_v who_o they_o will_v and_o put_v they_o to_o their_o oath_n to_o accuse_v other_o man_n or_o themselves_o or_o else_o they_o be_v excommunicate_v henry_n the_o three_o withstand_v this_o course_n if_o the_o clergy_n man_n complaint_n in_o the_o time_n of_o that_o king_n artic._n 9_o be_v true_a and_o notwithstanding_o the_o same_o the_o law_n hold_v its_o course_n and_o in_o pursuance_n thereof_o we_o find_v a_o attachment_n upon_o a_o prohibition_n in_o this_o form_n ensue_v put_v the_o bishop_n of_o n._n to_o his_o pledge_n that_o he_o be_v before_o our_o justice_n to_o show_v cause_n why_o he_o make_v to_o be_v summon_v 36._o regist_n foe_fw-mi 36._o and_o by_o ecclesiastical_a censure_n constrain_v lay_v person_n man_n or_o woman_n to_o appear_v before_o he_o to_o swear_v unwilling_o at_o the_o bishop_n pleasure_n to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o our_o crown_n and_o dignity_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o thus_o both_o king_n and_o clergy_n be_v at_o contest_v for_o this_o power_n over_o the_o people_n conscience_n to_o which_o neither_o have_v the_o right_a otherwise_o then_o by_o rule_n of_o law_n bigamists_n shall_v not_o be_v allow_v their_o clergy_n 5_o stat._n bigam_n 4_o edw._n 1._o cap._n 5_o whether_o they_o become_v such_o before_o the_o council_n of_o lion_n or_o since_o and_o that_o constitution_n there_o make_v shall_v be_v so_o construe_v whatsoever_o therefore_o their_o synod_n in_o those_o time_n pretend_v against_o the_o marry_a clergy_n seem_v by_o this_o law_n that_o they_o have_v clergy_n that_o be_v marry_v once_o and_o again_o and_o yet_o before_o and_o after_o the_o council_n be_v admit_v as_o clerk_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n but_o the_o general_n council_n interpose_v their_o authority_n and_o deprive_v they_o that_o be_v the_o second_o time_n marry_v of_o all_o their_o privilege_n of_o clergy_n it_o be_v it_o seem_v twenty_o year_n and_o more_o after_o that_o council_n before_o the_o churchman_n in_o england_n be_v thorough_o reform_v for_o either_o some_o be_v still_o bigami_fw-la at_o the_o make_n of_o this_o law_n or_o as_o touch_v that_o point_n it_o be_v vain_a nor_o be_v it_o easy_a to_o conceive_v what_o occasion_n shall_v after_o so_o long_a a_o time_n move_v such_o exposition_n the_o word_n of_o the_o constitution_n be_v bigamos_fw-la omni_fw-la privilegio_fw-la clericali_fw-la declaramus_fw-la esse_fw-la nudatos_fw-la now_o whither_o this_o slow_a reformation_n arise_v from_o the_o defect_n in_o law_n or_o in_o obedience_n thereto_o may_v be_v gather_v from_o some_o particular_n ensue_v first_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o canon_n of_o general_n counsel_n counsel_n general_n counsel_n eo_fw-la nomine_fw-la have_v former_o of_o ancient_a time_n get_v a_o kind_n of_o praeeminence_n in_o this_o nation_n but_o by_o what_o mean_n be_v not_o so_o clear_a in_o the_o saxon_a time_n they_o be_v of_o no_o further_a force_n than_o the_o great_a council_n of_o this_o kingdom_n allow_v by_o express_a act_n for_o the_o nicene_n faith_n and_o the_o first_o five_o general_n counsel_n be_v receive_v by_o synodical_a constitution_n of_o this_o kingdom_n make_v in_o the_o joint_a meeting_n both_o of_o the_o laity_n and_o clergy_n and_o during_o such_o joint_n consult_v the_o summons_n to_o the_o general_n counsel_n be_v send_v to_o the_o king_n to_o send_v bishop_n abbat_n etc._n etc._n but_o after_o that_o the_o laity_n be_v exclude_v by_o the_o clergy_n from_o their_o meeting_n and_o the_o king_n himself_o also_o serve_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o summons_n to_o the_o general_n council_n issue_v forth_o to_o the_o bishop_n immediate_o and_o in_o particular_a to_o each_o of_o they_o and_o to_o the_o abbat_n and_o prior_n in_o general_a paris_n bineus_n tom_n 13_o ps_n 2._o pag._n 674._o m._n paris_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o they_o go_v inconsulto_fw-la rege_fw-la and_o sometime_o rege_fw-la renitente_fw-la and_o appear_v either_o personal_o or_o by_o proxy_n other_o come_v as_o party_n to_o give_v and_o receive_v direction_n or_o hear_v sentence_n in_o matter_n tend_v to_o spiritual_a regard_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n issue_v summons_n sometime_o even_o to_o king_n as_o at_o the_o council_n of_o lion_n aforesaid_a it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o pope_n have_v cite_v reges_fw-la terrae_fw-la &_o alios_fw-la mundi_fw-la principes_fw-la &_o dictum_fw-la principem_fw-la meaning_n henry_n the_o three_o 1245._o m._n paris_n an._n 1245._o the_o matter_n be_v for_o assistance_n to_o the_o holy_a war_n and_o to_o determine_v the_o matter_n henry_n the_o three_o and_o his_o clergy_n man_n and_o as_o in_o that_o case_n so_o in_o other_o of_o that_o kind_n king_n will_v send_v their_o ambassador_n or_o proctor_n and_o give_v they_o power_n in_o their_o prince_n name_n interessendi_fw-la tractandi_fw-la communicandi_fw-la &_o concludendi_fw-la first_o of_o such_o matter_n quae_fw-la ad_fw-la reformationem_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la universalis_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la &_o membris_fw-la then_o of_o such_o as_o concern_v fidei_fw-la orthodoxae_fw-la fulciamentum_fw-la 14._o bineus_n tom._n 3._o ps._n 2._o pag._n 913._o &_o tom._n 4._o ps._n 1_o pag._n 14._o regumque_fw-la ae_z principum_fw-la pacificationem_fw-la or_o any_o other_o particul_n r_o cause_n which_o occasional_o may_v be_v insert_v so_o long_o then_o as_o king_n have_v their_o vote_n in_o the_o general_n counsel_n they_o be_v engage_v in_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o decree_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v enter_v the_o canon_n law_n into_o kingdom_n nor_o be_v the_o vote_n of_o king_n difficult_a to_o be_v obtain_v especial_o in_o matter_n that_o trench_a not_o upon_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o pope_n know_v well_o that_o king_n be_v too_o wise_a to_o adventure_v their_o own_o person_n into_o foreign_a part_n where_o the_o general_n counsel_n be_v hold_v and_o that_o it_o be_v thrift_n for_o they_o to_o send_v such_o proctor_n that_n may_v not_o altogether_o spend_v upon_o the_o king_n purse_n allow_v bishop_n and_o clergyman_n to_o be_v proctor_n for_o their_o prince_n that_o in_o the_o negative_a they_o may_v be_v pii_fw-la inimici_fw-la and_o less_o active_a but_o in_o the_o affirmative_a zealous_a and_o so_o make_v the_o way_n wide_o by_o the_o temporal_a and_o spiritual_a vote_n join_v in_o one_o neither_o do_v king_n only_o save_v their_o purse_n but_o they_o also_o make_v their_o own_o further_a advantage_n hereby_o for_o by_o the_o engagement_n and_o respect_n which_o these_o his_o proctor_n have_v in_o counsel_n they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o as_o be_v have_v in_o best_a esteem_n obtain_v better_a respect_n to_o the_o cause_n that_o they_o handle_v and_o speedy_a dispatch_n nevertheless_o the_o case_n sometime_o be_v such_o as_o can_v not_o expect_v favour_n and_o then_o as_o the_o king_n temper_n be_v they_o will_v sometime_o ride_v it_o out_o with_o full_a sail_n and_o to_o that_o end_n will_v either_o join_v with_o their_o ecclesiastical_a proctor_n some_o of_o the_o baron_n and_o great_a man_n of_o their_o realm_n to_o add_v to_o the_o cry_n and_o make_v their_o affair_n ring_v loud_o in_o the_o ear_n of_o fame_n although_o the_o pope_n have_v the_o great_a vote_n or_o otherwise_o will_v send_v a_o inhibition_n unto_o their_o proctor_n and_o their_o assistant_n or_o a_o injunction_n to_o look_v to_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o henry_n the_o three_o do_v at_o the_o council_n at_o lion_n and_o this_o sound_v in_o nature_n of_o a_o protest_v 263._o fox_n mart._n ps._n 2._o 263._o and_o within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n have_v the_o force_n of_o a_o proviso_n or_o save_v but_o if_o the_o worst_a of_o all_o come_v to_o pass_v viz._n that_o the_o council_n pass_v the_o cause_n against_o king_n without_o any_o inhibition_n or_o injunction_n yet_o can_v it_o not_o bind_v the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n or_o king_n just_a prerogative_n no_o not_o in_o these_o time_n of_o rome_n hour_n and_o of_o the_o power_n of_o darkness_n for_o at_o a_o synod_n hold_v by_o archbishop_n peckam_n an._n 1280._o the_o act_n of_o the_o council_n of_o lion_n be_v ratify_v and_o among_o other_o a_o canon_n against_o non_fw-la residency_n and_o plurality_n and_o yet_o neither_o council_n nor_o synod_n can_v prevail_v for_o in_o edward_n the_o second_o time_n a_o abbot_n present_v to_o a_o church_n vacant_a as_o be_v suppose_v by_o the_o canon_n of_o plurality_n the_o king_n who_o
the_o king_n high_a way_n or_o open_a street_n but_o by_o the_o king_n officer_n and_o special_a writ_n because_o distress_n be_v incident_a to_o service_n and_o that_o be_v due_a as_o from_o the_o fee_n and_o therefore_o by_o common_a right_n the_o same_o must_v be_v recover_v from_o the_o fee_n and_o such_o as_o owe_v service_n in_o the_o same_o but_o the_o high_a way_n or_o open_a street_n be_v more_o proper_o a_o franchise_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n although_o the_o soil_n haply_o may_v be_v the_o lord_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o old_a law_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v under_o the_o king_n safeguard_n inae_fw-la ll._n inae_fw-la sit_fw-la pax_fw-la publica_fw-la per_fw-la commune_v vias_fw-la and_o no_o violence_n must_v be_v there_o tolerate_v but_o by_o the_o king_n especial_a writ_n which_o presuppose_v the_o especial_a notice_n take_v by_o the_o king_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o occasion_n a_o moderation_n also_o must_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o take_n of_o the_o distress_n for_o it_o must_v not_o be_v excessive_a and_o also_o in_o keep_v thereof_o for_o if_o the_o owner_n will_v he_o may_v replevy_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a course_n 12._o marlb_n cap_n 21._o glanvil_n lib._n 12_o cap._n 12._o and_o the_o sheriff_n must_v grant_v replevy_n if_o it_o be_v demand_v although_o former_o no_o replevy_n be_v without_o special_a writ_n and_o yet_o they_o also_o not_o always_o ready_o obey_v for_o the_o time_n be_v such_o as_o the_o lord_n be_v bold_a with_o the_o king_n court_n and_o minister_n and_o refuse_v the_o order_n of_o the_o law_n now_o in_o such_o case_n wherein_o the_o matter_n concern_v contempt_n of_o the_o king_n authority_n a_o fine_a be_v set_v upon_o the_o offender_n but_o in_o case_n it_o concern_v only_o a_o tort_n do_v to_o the_o party_n he_o be_v amerce_v the_o one_o be_v call_v redemption_n because_o the_o penalty_n otherwise_o must_v lie_v upon_o the_o person_n 3._o miror_fw-la cap._n 5._o sec._n 3._o if_o it_o be_v not_o redeem_v by_o pecuniary_a fine_a the_o other_o be_v call_v amercement_n which_o be_v original_o a_o satisfaction_n unto_o the_o party_n wrong_v by_o recompense_n out_o of_o the_o personal_a estate_n of_o the_o delinquent_n 12._o distric_n scac._n artic._n mag_z cart_n cap._n 12._o three_o as_o touch_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o distress_n it_o must_v not_o be_v of_o plough_n beast_n or_o sheep_n unless_o in_o case_n of_o damage_n fesant_n if_o other_o distress_n may_v be_v have_v for_o the_o law_n have_v a_o care_n of_o such_o cattle_n as_o be_v most_o of_o public_a concernment_n and_o which_o be_v the_o main_a stock_n of_o subsistence_n so_o far_o as_o justice_n will_v allow_v and_o therefore_o the_o unjust_a take_n of_o any_o man_n cat-tail_n by_o any_o person_n whatsoever_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o penalty_n that_o unjust_a distress_n be_v 16._o west_n 1._o cap._n 16._o four_o concern_v the_o use_n of_o the_o distress_n it_o must_v not_o be_v sell_v no_o not_o in_o the_o king_n case_n till_o fifteen_o day_n be_v pass_v after_o it_o be_v take_v scac._n marlbr_n cap._n 4._o distric_n scac._n nor_o must_v it_o be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o county_n but_o it_o must_v be_v so_o impound_v as_o the_o owner_n may_v come_v to_o feed_v it_o and_o it_o must_v be_v discharge_v if_o the_o owner_n give_v security_n of_o satisfaction_n before_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n 12._o artic._n sup_v cart_n cap._n 12._o five_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o distress_n must_v be_v that_o which_o be_v just_a and_o therefore_o not_o for_o other_o suit_n then_o by_o the_o feoffment_n be_v due_a or_o else_o by_o prescription_n and_o in_o case_n many_o be_v joint_o seize_v 9_o marlbr_n cap._n 9_o the_o suit_n shall_v be_v by_o one_o and_o the_o rest_n shall_v contribute_v 22._o cap._n 22._o nor_o must_v any_o man_n be_v compel_v to_o show_v his_o title_n to_o his_o land_n by_o distress_n 13._o cap._n 13._o the_o common_a plea_n shall_v be_v hold_v in_o one_o certain_a place_n the_o office_n of_o judge_n of_o the_o common-plea_n be_v in_o my_o opinion_n distinct_a and_o several_a from_o that_o of_o the_o crown_n plea_n nor_o though_o one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n may_v execute_v both_o authority_n do_v it_o therefore_o follow_v that_o it_o be_v by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o power_n as_o if_o be_v judge_n he_o have_v thereby_o power_n in_o all_o matter_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o also_o of_o the_o crown_n for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o bracton_n say_v the_o king_n have_v one_o proper_a court_n wherein_o be_v the_o chief_a judge_n nostri_fw-la capitale_n just_a nostri_fw-la which_o both_o by_o his_o own_o testimony_n and_o briton_n also_o do_v hear_v and_o determine_v cause_n of_o all_o sort_n yet_o be_v it_o true_a also_o that_o it_o be_v by_o appeal_n or_o writ_n of_o error_n as_o in_o case_n of_o false_a judgement_n and_o that_o the_o king_n have_v plures_fw-la curias_fw-la 20._o marblr_n cap._n 20._o which_o doubtless_o have_v their_o proper_a work_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o its_o clear_a that_o six_o be_v especial_o assign_v for_o the_o common_a plea_n throughout_o the_o whole_a realm_n and_o yet_o by_o another_o especial_a commission_n or_o letter_n patent_n the_o same_o man_n may_v also_o have_v power_n to_o determine_v matter_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o at_o this_o day_n in_o their_o several_a circuit_n this_o law_n therefore_o do_v not_o as_o i_o conceive_v work_v any_o alteration_n but_o only_o in_o this_o that_o whereas_o former_o the_o judge_n of_o common_a plea_n attend_v on_o the_o king_n court_n continual_o as_o all_o other_o judge_n do_v and_o whither_o the_o king_n remove_v they_o do_v the_o like_a which_o be_v a_o great_a uncertainty_n and_o grievance_n unto_o the_o commons_o henceforth_o they_o be_v fix_v to_o a_o certain_a place_n assize_n of_o novel_a disseisin_n and_o mortdancester_n shall_v be_v determine_v in_o the_o proper_a county_n only_o 14._o cap._n 14._o and_o by_o the_o justice_n itinerant_a send_v by_o the_o king_n or_o his_o chief_a justice_n the_o law_n be_v so_o declare_v in_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n and_o be_v questionless_a put_v in_o practice_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o with_o convenience_n to_o the_o judge_n may_v be_v but_o now_o the_o convenience_n of_o the_o people_n be_v prefer_v and_o they_o must_v not_o be_v bring_v up_o to_o the_o king_n court_n but_o the_o justice_n must_v come_v down_o to_o they_o and_o yet_o in_o case_n of_o difficulty_n the_o bench_n where_o the_o common_a plea_n be_v hold_v must_v determine_v the_o matter_n and_o where_o the_o time_n in_o the_o iter_fw-la in_o one_o county_n be_v too_o scant_o the_o remanet_n shall_v be_v adjourn_v over_o to_o be_v try_v elsewhere_o in_o that_o circuit_n which_o show_v that_o the_o judge_n itinerant_a have_v their_o time_n proportion_v out_o to_o every_o county_n these_o trial_n also_o be_v so_o favour_v 51._o westm_n cap._n 51._o as_o in_o the_o then_o holy_a time_n of_o advent_n and_o septuagesima_fw-la or_o lent_n they_o may_v be_v try_v which_o although_o be_v gain_v by_o prayer_n make_v by_o the_o king_n to_o the_o bishop_n as_o the_o word_n of_o that_o law_n be_v conclude_v yet_o it_o show_v that_o the_o parliament_n have_v so_o much_o light_n as_o to_o hold_v the_o time_n not_o inherent_o holy_a but_o mere_o sequester_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o clergy_n the_o plaintiff_n also_o in_o mortdancester_n may_v be_v divers_a if_o there_o be_v divers_a heir_n of_o one_o ancester_n by_o one_o title_n 6._o stat._n gloc._n ca._n 6._o and_o if_o there_o be_v joyntenant_n and_o the_o writ_n be_v against_o but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o plead_v 1_o conjanct_n feofat_fw-mi an._n 34._o e._n 1._o stat._n gloc_n ca._n 1_o the_o writ_n shall_v abate_v but_o if_o joyntenancy_n be_v plead_v and_o the_o plea_n be_v false_a the_o defendant_n shall_v be_v fine_v and_o imprison_v and_o if_o in_o the_o action_n the_o verdict_n be_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n he_o shall_v recover_v damage_n 15._o cap._n 15._o darraine_a presentment_n shall_v be_v take_v only_o in_o the_o common_a bank_n trial_n in_o the_o common_a bank_n or_o other_o court_n at_o westminster_n have_v ever_o have_v a_o honourable_a esteem_n above_o those_o in_o the_o county_n by_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la although_o all_o be_v equal_o available_a this_o may_v be_v one_o cause_n why_o the_o title_n of_o church_n be_v still_o retain_v at_o the_o common_a bank_n when_o as_o all_o other_o ride_v circuit_n for_o that_o church_n affair_n in_o those_o time_n be_v of_o high_a regard_n speed_v of_o trial_n also_o be_v not_o little_o regard_v herein_o for_o justice_n by_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la proper_o be_v but_o for_o inquiry_n till_o the_o statute_n at_o westm_n the_o second_o make_v they_o of_o oyer_n
sr._n nathaniel_n bacon_n from_o a_o original_a at_o the_o lord_n viscount_n grimslon's_n at_o gorhambury_n pubd._n augt._n 10._o 1795._o by_o w._n richardson_n castle_n st._n leicester_n square_n a_o historical_a discourse_n of_o the_o uniformity_n of_o the_o government_n of_o england_n the_o first_o part_n from_o the_o first_o time_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o london_n print_v for_o matthew_n walbancke_n at_o grayes-inne-gate_n 1647._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a edward_z earl_n of_o manchester_n speaker_n of_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n and_o the_o honourable_a william_n lenthall_n esqu_n speaker_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o parliament_n may_v it_o please_v you_o to_o accept_v of_o this_o sacrifice_n which_o i_o offer_v before_o your_o supreme_a judicatory_a to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o time_n the_o fire_n be_v that_o of_o loyalty_n neither_o wild_a nor_o common_a nor_o be_v the_o thing_n altogether_o forbid_v and_o unclean_a i_o confess_v its_o maim_a and_o unworthy_a yet_o it_o be_v the_o best_a that_o i_o have_v and_o in_o that_o regard_n while_o i_o now_o stand_v at_o your_o bar_n if_o you_o shall_v please_v to_o dismiss_v i_o without_o kneel_v i_o shall_v in_o that_o posture_n do_v the_o house_n the_o best_a service_n that_o i_o can_v elsewhere_o nath_n bacon_n to_o consideration_n a_o private_a debate_n concern_v the_o right_a of_o a_o english_a king_n to_o arbitrary_a rule_n over_o english_a subject_n as_o successor_n to_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n so_o call_v first_o occasion_v this_o discourse_n herein_o i_o have_v necessary_o fall_v upon_o the_o antiquity_n and_o uniformity_n of_o the_o government_n of_o this_o nation_n it_o be_v clear_v may_v also_o serve_v as_o a_o idea_n for_o they_o to_o consider_v who_o do_v mind_n the_o restitution_n of_o this_o shatter_a frame_n of_o policy_n for_o as_o in_o all_o orhe_a cure_n so_o in_o that_o of_o a_o distemper_a government_n the_o original_a constitution_n of_o the_o body_n be_v not_o light_o to_o be_v regard_v and_o the_o contemplation_n of_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o a_o small_a model_n bring_v no_o less_o furtherance_n to_o the_o right_a apprehension_n of_o the_o true_a nature_n thereof_o beside_o the_o delight_n than_o the_o peruse_n of_o a_o map_n do_v to_o the_o traveler_n after_o a_o long_a and_o tedious_a travail_n i_o propound_v not_o this_o discourse_n as_o a_o pattern_n draw_v up_o to_o the_o life_n of_o the_o thing_n nor_o the_o thing_n itself_o as_o a_o masterpiece_n for_o future_a age_n for_o well_o i_o do_v know_v that_o commonweal_n in_o their_o minority_n do_v want_v not_o only_a perfection_n of_o strength_n and_o beauty_n but_o also_o of_o part_n and_o proportion_n especial_o see_v that_o their_o full_a age_n attain_v no_o further_a growth_n then_o to_o a_o mixture_n of_o divers_a form_n in_o one_o ambition_n have_v do_v much_o by_o discourse_n and_o action_n to_o bring_v forth_o monarchy_n out_o of_o the_o womb_n of_o notion_n but_o yet_o like_a that_o of_o the_o philosopher_n stone_n the_o issue_n be_v but_o wind_n and_o the_o end_n misery_n to_o the_o undertaker_n and_o therefore_o more_o than_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o the_o utmost_a perfection_n of_o this_o nether_a world_n best_a government_n consist_v in_o the_o uphold_v of_o a_o due_a proportion_n of_o several_a interest_n compound_v into_o one_o temperature_n he_o that_o know_v the_o secret_n of_o all_o man_n heart_n do_v know_v that_o my_o aim_n in_o this_o discourse_n be_v neither_o at_o sceptre_n or_o crosier_n nor_o after_o popular_a dotage_n but_o that_o justice_n and_o truth_n may_v moderate_v in_o all_o this_o be_v a_o vessel_n i_o confess_v ill_a and_o weak_o build_v yet_o do_v it_o adventure_n into_o the_o vast_a ocean_n of_o your_o censure_n gentleman_n who_o be_v antiquary_n lawyer_n and_o historian_n any_o one_o of_o who_o may_v have_v steer_v in_o this_o course_n much_o better_a than_o myself_o have_v my_o own_o credit_n be_v the_o fraite_n i_o must_v have_v expect_v nothing_o less_o than_o wrack_n and_o loss_n of_o all_o but_o the_o main_a propose_n of_o this_o voyage_n be_v for_o discovery_n of_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o this_o government_n to_o common_a view_n i_o shall_v ever_o account_v your_o just_a censure_n and_o contradiction_n especial_o publish_v with_o their_o ground_n to_o be_v my_o most_o happy_a return_n and_o as_o a_o crown_n to_o this_o work_n and_o that_o my_o labour_n have_v its_o full_a reward_n if_o other_o take_v advantage_n by_o my_o imperfection_n shall_v beautify_v england_n with_o a_o more_o perfect_a and_o lively_a character_n the_o content_n chap._n 1._o of_o the_o briton_n and_o their_o government_n p._n 1_o chap._n 2_o concern_v the_o conversion_n of_o the_o briton_n unto_o the_o faith_n p._n 3_o chap._n 3._o of_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o roman_n into_o britain_n and_o the_o state_n thereof_o during_o their_o continuance_n p._n 5_o chap._n 4._o of_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o their_o manner_n of_o government_n p._n 12_o chap._n 5._o of_o augustine_n come_v to_o the_o saxon_n in_o england_n his_o entertainment_n and_o work_n p._n 17_o chap._n 6._o of_o the_o imbody_v of_o prelacy_n into_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n p._n 21_o chap._n 7._o of_o metropolitan_o in_o the_o saxon_n time_n p._n 23_o chap._n 8._o of_o the_o saxon_a bishop_n p._n 25_o chap._n 9_o of_o the_o saxon_a presbyter_n p._n 27_o chap._n 10._o of_o inferior_a church-officer_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 28_o chap._n 11._o of_o churchmen_n maintenance_n among_o the_o saxon_n p_o 29_o chap._n 12._o of_o the_o several_a precinct_n or_o jurisdiction_n of_o church-governors_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 35_o chap._n 13._o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o prelate_n government_n of_o the_o saxon_a church_n p._n 36_o chap._n 14._o of_o cause_n ecclesiastical_a p._n 39_o cha._n 15._o a_o brief_a censure_n of_o the_o saxon_a prelatical_a church_n government_n p._n 43_o chap._n 16._o of_o the_o saxon_n commonweal_n and_o the_o government_n thereof_o and_o first_o of_o the_o king_n p._n 46_o chap._n 17._o of_o the_o saxon_a nobility_n p._n 53_o chap._n 18._o of_o the_o freeman_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 55_o chap._n 19_o of_o the_o villain_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 56_o chap._n 20._o of_o the_o grand_a council_n among_o the_o saxon_n call_v the_o micklemote_a p._n 57_o chap._n 21._o of_o the_o council_n of_o lord_n p._n 62_o chap._n 22._o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o saxon_a government_n in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n p._n 63_o chap._n 23._o of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o saxon_a kingdom_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o first_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o kingdom_n into_o shire_n and_o their_o officer_n p._n 65_o chap._n 24._o of_o the_o county_n court_n and_o sheriff_n tear_v p._n 66_o chap._n 25._o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o county_n into_o hundred_o and_o the_o officer_n and_o court_n thereto_o belong_v p._n 68_o chap._n 26._o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o hundred_o into_o decennary_n p._n 70_o chap._n 27._o of_o franchise_n and_o first_o of_o the_o church_n franchise_n p._n 71_o chap._n 28._o of_o the_o second_o franchise_n call_v the_o march_n p._n 72_o chap._n 29._o of_o county_n palatine_n p._n 73_o chap._n 30._o of_o franchise_n of_o the_o person_n ibid._n chap._n 31._o of_o manor_n p._n 75_o ch._n 32._o of_o court_n incident_a &_o unite_v unto_o manor_n p._n 77_o chap._n 33._o of_o township_n and_o their_o market_n p._n 79_o chap._n 34._o of_o the_o forest_n p._n 82_o chap._n 35._o concern_v judge_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n p._n 84_o chap._n 36._o of_o the_o proceed_n in_o judicature_n by_o indictment_n appeal_v presentment_n and_o action_n p._n 85_o chap._n 37._o of_o the_o several_a manner_n of_o extraordinary_a trial_n by_o torture_n ordeale_o compurgator_n and_o battle_n p._n 88_o chap._n 38._o of_o the_o ordinary_a manner_n of_o trial_n among_o the_o saxon_n by_o inquest_n p._n 91_o chap._n 39_o of_o pass_v judgement_n and_o execution_n p._n 94_o chap._n 40._o of_o the_o penal_a law_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 96_o chap._n 41._o of_o the_o law_n of_o property_n of_o land_n and_o good_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o conveyance_n p._n 102_o chap._n 42._o of_o the_o time_n of_o law_n and_o vacancy_n p._n 110_o chap._n 43._o a_o epilogue_n to_o the_o saxon_a government_n p._n 111_o chap._n 44._o of_o the_o norman_a entrance_n p._n 113_o chap._n 45._o of_o the_o title_n of_o the_o norman_a king_n to_o the_o english_a crown_n that_o it_o be_v by_o election_n p._n 115_o chap._n 46._o that_o the_o government_n of_o the_o norman_n proceed_v upon_o the_o saxon_a principle_n and_o first_o of_o parliament_n p._n 120_o chap._n 47._o of_o the_o franchise_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o norman_a time_n p._n 123_o
chap._n 48._o of_o the_o several_a subservient_fw-fr jurisdiction_n by_o march_n county_n hundred_o burrough_n lordship_n and_o decennary_n p._n 131_o chap._n 49._o of_o the_o immunity_n of_o the_o saxon_a free_a man_n under_o the_o norman_a government_n p._n 135_o chap._n 50._o recollection_n of_o certain_a norman_a law_n concern_v the_o crown_n in_o relation_n to_o those_o of_o the_o saxon_n former_o mention_v p._n 138_o chap._n 51._o of_o the_o like_a law_n that_o concern_v common_a interest_n of_o good_n p._n 142_o chap._n 52._o of_o law_n that_o concern_v common_a interest_n of_o land_n p._n 144_o chap._n 53._o of_o divers_a law_n make_v concern_v the_o execution_n of_o justice_n p._n 150_o chap._n 54._o of_o the_o militia_n during_o the_o norman_n time_n p._n 152_o chap._n 55._o that_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o norman_n into_o this_o government_n can_v not_o be_v by_o conquest_n p._n 155_o chap._n 56._o a_o brief_a survey_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o writer_n concern_v the_o point_n of_o conquest_n p._n 158_o chap._n 57_o of_o the_o government_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o steven_n henry_n the_o second_o richard_z the_o first_o and_o john_n and_o first_o of_o their_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o disposition_n in_o government_n p._n 165_o chap._n 58._o of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n from_o the_o conquest_n and_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o these_o several_a king_n p._n 172_o chap._n 59_o of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o their_o power_n in_o this_o kingdom_n from_o the_o norman_a time_n p._n 175_o chap._n 60._o of_o the_o english_a communally_n since_o the_o norman_a time_n p._n 188_o chap._n 61._o of_o judicature_n the_o court_n and_o their_o judge_n p._n 189_o chap._n 62._o of_o certain_a law_n of_o judicature_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o 2._o p._n 193_o chap_n 63._o of_o the_o militia_n of_o this_o kingdom_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o these_o king_n p._n 205_o chap._n 64._o of_o the_o government_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o edward_z the_o first_o and_z edward_z the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n and_o first_o a_o general_a view_n of_o the_o disposition_n of_o their_o government_n p._n 207_o chap._n 65._o of_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n till_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o p._n 221_o chap._n 66._o of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o english_a clergy_n until_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o and_o herein_o concern_v the_o statute_n of_o circumspect_a agatis_fw-la articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la and_o of_o general_n counsel_n and_o nationall_n synod_n p._n 225_o chap._n 67._o of_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o free_a man_n of_o england_n and_o the_o grand_a charter_n and_o several_a statute_n concern_v the_o same_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o these_o king_n p._n 253_o chap._n 68_o of_o court_n and_o their_o proceed_n p._n 284_o chap._n 69._o of_o coroner_n sheriff_n and_o crown_n plea_n p._n 286_o chap._n 70._o of_o the_o militia_n during_o these_o king_n reign_v p._n 294_o chap._n 71._o of_o the_o peace_n p._n 300_o prologue_n the_o policy_n of_o english_a government_n so_o far_o as_o be_v praiseworthy_a be_v all_o one_o with_o divine_a providence_n wrap_v up_o in_o a_o veil_n of_o king_n and_o wise_a man_n and_o thus_o implicit_o have_v be_v deliver_v to_o the_o world_n by_o historian_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v read_v man_n and_o wear_v their_o pen_n in_o decipher_v their_o person_n and_o condition_n some_o of_o who_o have_v meet_v with_o ingenuous_a writer_n survive_v themselves_o possible_o more_o famous_a after_o death_n than_o before_o other_o after_o a_o miserable_a life_n waste_v be_v yet_o more_o miserable_a in_o be_v little_o better_o than_o table_n to_o set_v forth_o the_o painter_n workmanship_n and_o to_o let_v the_o world_n know_v that_o their_o historian_n be_v more_o witty_a than_o themselves_o of_o who_o they_o write_v be_v either_o wise_a or_o good_a and_o thus_o history_n that_o shall_v be_v a_o witness_n of_o truth_n and_o time_n become_v little_o better_o than_o a_o parable_n or_o rather_o than_o a_o nonsense_n in_o a_o fair_a character_n who_o best_a commendation_n be_v that_o it_o be_v well_o write_v doubtless_o history_n of_o person_n or_o life_n of_o man_n have_v their_o excellency_n in_o fruit_n for_o imitation_n and_o continuance_n of_o fame_n as_o a_o reward_n of_o virtue_n yet_o will_v not_o the_o coacervation_n of_o these_o together_o declare_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o commonweal_n better_o than_o the_o beauty_n of_o a_o body_n dismember_v be_v revive_v by_o thrust_v together_o the_o member_n which_o can_v be_v without_o deformity_n nor_o will_v it_o be_v deny_v but_o many_o wise_a and_o good_a king_n and_o queen_n of_o this_o realm_n may_v just_o challenge_v the_o honour_n of_o pass_v many_o excellent_a law_n albeit_o its_o the_o proper_a work_n of_o the_o representative_a body_n to_o form_v they_o yet_o to_o no_o one_o nor_o all_o of_o they_o can_v we_o attribute_v the_o honour_n of_o that_o wisdom_n and_o goodness_n that_o constitute_v this_o bless_a frame_n of_o government_n for_o seldom_o be_v it_o see_v that_o one_o prince_n build_v upon_o the_o foundation_n of_o his_o predecessor_n or_o pursue_v his_o end_n or_o aim_n because_o as_o several_a man_n they_o have_v several_a judgement_n and_o desire_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o royal_a kind_n of_o self-love_n that_o incit_v they_o either_o to_o exceed_v former_a precedent_n or_o at_o least_o to_o differ_v from_o they_o that_o they_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o rule_v by_o copy_n as_o insufficient_a of_o themselves_o which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o disparagement_n to_o such_o as_o be_v above_o add_v hereunto_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v conceit_v that_o the_o wise_a of_o our_o ancestor_n see_v the_o idea_n of_o this_o government_n nor_o be_v it_o any_o where_o in_o precedent_n but_o in_o he_o that_o determine_v the_o same_o from_o eternity_n for_o as_o no_o nation_n can_v show_v more_o variety_n and_o inconstancy_n in_o the_o government_n of_o prince_n than_o this_o especial_o for_o three_o hundred_o year_n next_o ensue_v the_o norman_n so_o reason_n can_v move_v imagination_n that_o these_o wheel_n by_o divers_a if_o not_o contrary_a motion_n can_v ever_o conspire_v into_o this_o temperature_n of_o policy_n be_v there_o not_o some_o primum_fw-la mobile_a that_o have_v ever_o keep_v one_o constant_a motion_n in_o all_o my_o aim_n therefore_o shall_v be_v to_o lay_v aside_o the_o consideration_n of_o man_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v and_o to_o extract_v a_o summary_n view_v of_o the_o cardinal_n pass_v of_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o to_o glance_v at_o various_a aspect_n of_o the_o ancient_a upon_o the_o modern_a that_o so_o these_o divers_a prince_n and_o wise_a counsel_n in_o their_o different_a course_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o instrument_n of_o he_o that_o be_v but_o one_o and_o of_o one_o mind_n who_o go_n forth_o have_v be_v in_o a_o continual_a course_n of_o wisdom_n and_o goodness_n for_o ourselves_o in_o these_o latter_a day_n and_o herein_o i_o be_o encourage_v because_o i_o be_o not_o in_o danger_n of_o temptation_n to_o flattery_n or_o spleen_n nor_o pinch_v with_o penury_n of_o ground_n of_o observation_n have_v to_o do_v with_o a_o nation_n than_o which_o a_o clear_a miror_fw-la of_o god_n gracious_a government_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v among_o all_o the_o nation_n and_o people_n under_o heaven_n the_o content_n of_o the_o several_a chapter_n of_o this_o book_n i._o the_o sum_n of_o the_o several_a reign_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o and_z richard_z the_o second_o fol._n 3._o ii_o the_o state_n of_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n in_o relation_n of_o he_o to_o it_o and_o of_o it_o to_o he_o fol._n 13._o iii_o of_o the_o privy_a council_n and_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o lord_n f._n 26._o iv_o of_o the_o chancery_n fol._n 35._o v._o of_o the_o admiral_n court._n fol._n 41._o vi_o of_o the_o churchmen_n interest_n fol._n 45._o vii_o concern_v trade_n fol._n 64._o viii_o of_o treason_n and_o legiance_n with_o some_o consideration_n concern_v calvin_n case_n fol._n 76._o ix_o of_o court_n for_o cause_n criminal_a with_o their_o law_n foe_fw-mi 92._o x._o of_o the_o course_n of_o civil_a justice_n during_o these_o time_n foe_fw-mi 96._o xi_o of_o the_o militia_n in_o these_o time_n fol._n 98._o xii_o of_o the_o peace_n fol._n 108._o xiii_o a_o view_n of_o the_o summary_n course_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o henry_n the_o five_o and_z henry_n the_o six_o in_o their_o several_a reign_n fol._n 115._o fourteen_o of_o the_o parliament_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o these_o several_a king_n fol._n 127._o xv._o of_o the_o custos_fw-la or_o protector_n regni_n fol._n 134._o xvi_o concern_v the_o privy_a council_n fol._n 141._o xvii_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o
may_v be_v found_v rather_o upon_o a_o error_n in_o judgement_n then_o savageness_n of_o nature_n much_o less_o cause_n do_v appear_v of_o any_o cry_n of_o oppression_n upon_o inferior_n but_o rather_o against_o that_o as_o the_o multitude_n of_o king_n or_o lord_n do_v manifest_o witness_v who_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o time_n of_o julius_n caesar_n continue_v in_o tiberius_n his_o time_n and_o afterward_o until_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o claudius_n it_o be_v say_v that_o caractacus_n rule_v over_o many_o nation_n for_o its_o a_o certain_a maxim_n that_o though_o great_a nation_n may_v be_v uphold_v by_o power_n small_a territory_n must_v be_v maintain_v by_o justice_n without_o which_o the_o door_n will_v be_v soon_o set_v open_a to_o the_o next_o passenger_n that_o come_v especial_o where_o the_o people_n be_v bend_v to_o war_n as_o these_o be_v and_o therein_o have_v attain_v such_o exquisite_a perfection_n of_o skill_n in_o chariot_n service_n as_o must_v needs_o convince_v we_o of_o their_o much_o experience_n against_o themselves_o in_o regard_n that_o to_o other_o people_n it_o be_v scarce_o know_v no_o nor_o yet_o to_o caesar_n himself_o that_o have_v be_v practise_v in_o the_o war_n of_o all_o nation_n and_o this_o be_v all_o that_o i_o can_v produce_v out_o of_o story_n touch_v the_o government_n of_o britain_n before_o the_o entry_n of_o that_o light_n that_o lighten_v every_o one_o that_o come_v into_o the_o world_n chap._n ii_o concern_v the_o conversion_n of_o the_o briton_n unto_o the_o faith_n it_o be_v long_o before_o the_o son_n of_o god_n be_v inwombed_a and_o while_o as_o yet_o providence_n seem_v to_o close_v only_o with_o the_o jewish_a nation_n and_o to_o hover_v over_o it_o as_o a_o choice_n pick_v place_n from_o all_o the_o earth_n that_o with_o a_o gracious_a eye_n survey_v the_o forsake_a condition_n of_o other_o nation_n it_o glance_v upon_o this_o island_n both_o thought_n and_o word_n reflect_v on_o isle_n isle_n of_o the_o gentile_n 42.4.51.5.60.9.66.19_o isa_n 42.4.51.5.60.9.66.19_o isle_n afar_o off_o as_o if_o among_o they_o the_o lord_n of_o all_o the_o earth_n have_v find_v out_o one_o place_n that_o shall_v be_v to_o he_o as_o the_o gem_n of_o the_o ring_n of_o this_o terrestrial_a globe_n and_o if_o the_o way_n of_o future_a providence_n may_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o gloss_n of_o those_o prophecy_n we_o must_v confess_v that_o this_o island_n be_v conceive_v in_o the_o womb_n thereof_o long_o before_o it_o be_v manifest_v to_o the_o world_n to_o recover_v the_o forget_a way_n of_o past_a providence_n be_v no_o less_o difficult_a than_o to_o search_v out_o the_o hide_a bowel_n of_o future_a promise_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o busy_v myself_o to_o find_v out_o the_o particular_a instrument_n that_o bring_v god_n presence_n into_o this_o dark_a corner_n but_o only_o glance_v at_o the_o time_n and_o manner_n that_o it_o may_v appear_v we_o be_v not_o forget_v nor_o yet_o last_o or_o least_o in_o mind_n at_o that_o time_n of_o the_o dispensation_n of_o this_o grace_n unto_o all_o man_n i_o dare_v not_o instance_n as_o gildas_n the_o certain_a time_n of_o six_o year_n yet_o i_o may_v say_v that_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o sceptre_n depart_v from_o judah_n but_o with_o a_o swift_a pace_n both_o it_o and_o the_o lawgiver_n come_v hither_o like_o a_o arrow_n fly_v through_o other_o country_n but_o stick_v with_o a_o ne_fw-fr plus_fw-la ultra_fw-la in_o this_o island_n than_o a_o people_n rather_o than_o a_o commonweal_n as_o if_o we_o be_v the_o only_a white_a that_o then_o be_v in_o god_n aim_n it_o be_v probable_a in_o the_o high_a degree_n that_o the_o work_n be_v do_v within_o the_o first_o century_n and_o very_o nigh_o about_o the_o apostolic_a time_n for_o that_o in_o the_o second_o century_n britain_n be_v a_o church_n of_o fame_n and_o know_v to_o the_o father_n that_o dwell_v afar_o off_o even_o to_o tertullian_n and_o origen_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n have_v out-reached_n the_o roman_a confine_n in_o that_o island_n which_o have_v cost_v they_o above_o two_o hundred_o year_n travail_n and_o be_v grow_v to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o first_o christian_a kingdom_n that_o ever_o be_v judaeos_fw-la tertul._n adv_o judaeos_fw-la unto_o which_o if_o we_o shall_v allow_v time_n for_o the_o gather_n and_o growth_n thereof_o unto_o this_o royal_a pitch_n proportionable_a to_o the_o half_a of_o that_o which_o afterward_o be_v spend_v in_o the_o like_a work_n upon_o the_o saxon_a and_o danish_a king_n we_o must_v in_o reason_n conclude_v that_o the_o work_n be_v first_o order_v by_o apostolical_a direction_n or_o some_o of_o their_o emissary_n custom_n also_o do_v not_o obscure_o declare_v age_n for_o before_o that_o pius_n bishop_n of_o rome_n begin_v to_o speak_v in_o the_o big_a language_n of_o decree_n it_o be_v indifferent_a to_o keep_v easter_n either_o upon_o the_o day_n observe_v by_o the_o roman_a church_n or_o on_o the_o day_n according_a to_o the_o jew_n custom_n and_o although_o the_o roman_a church_n begin_v within_o fifty_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o john_n the_o evangelist_n eleuthe_n platina_n de_fw-fr vit_fw-fr eleuthe_n to_o stickle_a to_o impose_v their_o custom_n upon_o other_o church_n yet_o the_o church_n of_o britain_n conform_v not_o to_o that_o course_n by_o the_o space_n of_o five_o hundred_o year_n after_o that_o time_n which_o reflect_v probability_n 25._o beda_n l._n 3._o cap._n 25._o that_o the_o church_n be_v there_o settle_v in_o time_n of_o indifferency_n not_o by_o roman_a order_n but_o by_o some_o other_o purpose_a messenger_n the_o manner_n yet_o be_v more_o remarkable_a for_o that_o not_o only_a principality_n and_o power_n and_o spiritual_a wickedness_n in_o high_a place_n which_o be_v but_o stumbling-block_n but_o also_o natural_a wisdom_n of_o the_o druid_n who_o be_v master_n of_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o briton_n and_o their_o high_a conceit_n of_o their_o excellency_n above_o the_o ordinary_a strain_n of_o man_n and_o unto_o which_o the_o cross_n of_o christ_n be_v mere_a foolishness_n and_o above_o all_o the_o deep_a obligement_n of_o the_o people_n unto_o these_o their_o rabbi_n in_o a_o devotion_n beyond_o the_o reach_n of_o other_o nation_n all_o these_o i_o say_v stand_v in_o the_o way_n and_o render_v the_o people_n more_o uncapable_a of_o any_o new_a light_n but_o when_o the_o time_n fore-set_a be_v full_o come_v all_o mountain_n be_v lay_v low_a and_o double-folded_n door_n fly_v open_a and_o this_o conqueror_n of_o all_o nation_n attempt_n britain_n not_o in_o the_o rear_n nor_o by_o undermine_v but_o assail_v they_o in_o their_o full_a strength_n present_v in_o a_o clear_a sunshine_n that_o one_o true_a sacrifice_n of_o god_n man_n at_o the_o appear_v whereof_o their_o shadow_n of_o many_o sacrifice_n of_o man_n flesh_n fly_v away_o and_o thus_o those_o druid_n that_o former_o have_v dominion_n of_o the_o briton_n faith_n ezek._n origen_n hom_n 4._o ezek._n become_v now_o to_o be_v helper_n of_o their_o joy_n and_o be_v become_v the_o leader_n of_o the_o blind_a people_n in_o a_o better_a way_n and_o unto_o a_o better_a hope_n and_o hold_v forth_o that_o light_n which_o through_o god_n mercy_n have_v continue_v in_o this_o island_n ever_o since_o through_o many_o storm_n and_o dark_a mist_n of_o time_n until_o the_o present_a noonday_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o roman_n into_o britain_n and_o the_o state_n thereof_o during_o their_o continuance_n this_o conversion_n of_o the_o druid_n be_v but_o the_o first_o step_n to_o that_o which_o follow_v for_o the_o decree_n be_v more_o full_a of_o grace_n then_o to_o make_v this_o isle_n to_o be_v only_o as_o a_o inn_n for_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v former_o give_v for_o a_o possession_n 2.8_o ps_n 2.8_o the_o roman_n be_v call_v in_o to_o the_o work_n under_o who_o iron_n yoke_n god_n have_v subdue_v all_o nation_n thereby_o more_o speedy_o to_o bring_v to_o pass_v his_o own_o conquest_n both_o of_o that_o one_o head_n and_o all_o its_o member_n the_o first_o caesar_n have_v enter_v britain_n before_o the_o incarnation_n and_o have_v see_v and_o salute_v it_o and_o play_v his_o prize_n tacit._n tacit._n return_v with_o the_o fame_n only_o of_o conquest_n of_o some_o few_o lordship_n neighbour_a to_o the_o belgic_a shore_n and_o so_o it_o continue_v correspondent_a to_o the_o roman_n or_o rather_o forget_v of_o they_o till_o the_o time_n of_o claudius_n the_o emperor_n agric._n vit._n agric._n who_o be_v at_o leisure_n to_o bethink_v he_o of_o the_o briton_n tribute_n or_o rather_o aspire_v to_o honour_n by_o a_o way_n former_o untrodden_a by_o his_o ancestor_n first_o settle_v colony_n in_o britain_n and_o bring_v it_o into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o province_n and_o engage_v his_o successor_n in_o a_o continual_a war_n to_o perfect_v
the_o whole_a nation_n and_o the_o king_n among_o the_o rest_n as_o the_o priest_n that_o many_o time_n render_v the_o answer_n or_o sentence_n of_o that_o oracle_n in_o his_o own_o sense_n and_o have_v it_o confirm_v to_o he_o by_o a_o oath_n se_fw-la judicium_fw-la rectum_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la facturum_fw-la &_o justiciam_fw-la per_fw-la concilium_fw-la procerum_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la tenturum_fw-la 16._o ll._n edw._n cap._n 16._o so_o as_o though_o he_o be_v the_o first_o in_o view_n yet_o the_o council_n of_o lord_n be_v the_o first_o in_o nature_n and_o the_o cynosure_n to_o direct_v his_o tongue_n and_o action_n from_o this_o fountain_n issue_v also_o stream_n of_o judicature_n into_o all_o part_n by_o judge_n itinerant_a under_o the_o king_n commission_n to_o reform_v error_n punish_v default_n in_o the_o ordinary_a rural_a judicatories_n 3._o miror_fw-la cap._n 5._o sec._n 1._o &_o ca._n 1._o sec._n 3._o and_o to_o dissolve_v hard_a and_o knotty_a case_n and_o these_o be_v occasion_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o party_n and_o alfred_n who_o birth_n this_o be_v send_v they_o forth_o in_o way_n of_o association_n with_o the_o sheriff_n lord_n of_o the_o fee_n or_o other_o ordinary_a magistrate_n chap._n xxxvi_o of_o the_o proceed_n in_o judicature_n by_o indictment_n appeal_v praesentment_n and_o action_n for_o the_o proceed_n in_o course_n the_o saxon_n be_v wont_a to_o begin_v with_o matter_n belong_v to_o the_o church_n and_o afterward_o to_o secular_a cause_n in_o which_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v criminal_a the_o most_o ancient_a way_n of_o proceed_v be_v by_o appeal_n of_o the_o party_n complain_v but_o afterward_o in_o case_n that_o concern_v damage_n injury_n or_o violence_n do_v to_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n or_o his_o estate_n the_o king_n be_v find_v to_o be_v therein_o prejudice_v beside_o the_o prejudice_n immediate_o do_v to_o the_o subject_n for_o a_o man_n disable_v in_o body_n or_o estate_n be_v disable_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n and_o public_a indictment_n indictment_n and_o upon_o this_o ground_n a_o way_n be_v find_v out_o to_o punish_v the_o offender_n by_o indictment_n beside_o the_o satisfaction_n do_v to_o the_o party_n wrong_v the_o proceed_n against_o such_o delinquent_n be_v by_o attachment_n of_o the_o party_n 15._o lambert_n ll._n inae_fw-la 15._o who_o thereupon_o give_v pledge_n for_o his_o appearance_n if_o the_o party_n can_v not_o be_v find_v a_o fugam_fw-la fecit_fw-la be_v return_v and_o that_o be_v a_o conviction_n in_o law_n and_o pursuit_n be_v make_v after_o the_o party_n by_o hue_n and_o cry_n if_o he_o be_v thereby_o take_v the_o ancient_a way_n be_v that_o of_o halifax_n law_n but_o in_o late_a time_n he_o be_v imprison_v 22._o ll._n inae_fw-la lam_n foe_n 7._o ll._n alured_n cap._n 6._o miror_fw-la c._n 2._o sec._n 24._o ll._n edw._n cap._n 4._o miror_fw-la p._n 255._o gloss_n 335._o miror_fw-la cap._n 5._o sec._n 9_o &_o 10._o ll._n edw._n cap._n 7._o ll._n canut_n cap._n 45._o miror_fw-la cap._n 2._o sec._n 22._o or_o admit_v to_o bail_v if_o the_o offence_n be_v bailable_a and_o if_o the_o party_n bail_v make_v default_n or_o do_v not_o abide_v the_o trial_n his_o bail_n suffer_v as_o principal_n if_o no_o bail_n can_v be_v procure_v the_o delinquent_n be_v imprison_v till_o he_o be_v legal_o acquit_v but_o this_o imprisonment_n be_v only_o in_o nature_n of_o a_o restraint_n if_o the_o delinquent_n be_v find_v upon_o the_o hue_n and_o cry_n and_o will_v not_o yield_v himself_o he_o be_v in_o repute_n a_o common_a enemy_n and_o as_o a_o wolf_n any_o man_n may_v kill_v he_o as_o the_o law_n be_v also_o the_o same_o in_o case_n of_o utlary_n at_o the_o time_n of_o trial_n if_o at_o the_o king_n suit_n the_o delinquent_n be_v indict_v in_o this_o manner_n by_o any_o party_n present_a i_o d.c._n do_v say_v for_o the_o king_n that_o i._o s._n be_v defame_v by_o good_a man_n that_o he_o upon_o day_n of_o etc._n etc._n into_o the_o house_n and_o good_n of_o do_v cast_v fire_n and_o the_o same_o do_v burn_v or_o if_o it_o be_v for_o bloodshed_n with_o a_o sword_n do_v strike_v and_o wound_v he_o in_o the_o left_a arm_n and_o that_o this_o be_v do_v felonious_o or_o if_o the_o case_n require_v traitorous_o and_o if_o i._n s._n deny_v the_o same_o i_o will_v for_o the_o king_n prove_v the_o matter_n against_o he_o as_o the_o king_n ought_v to_o do_v that_o be_v to_o say_v 15â—_n appeal_v miror_fw-la cap._n 2._o sec._n 15â—_n by_o witness_n and_o twelve_o man_n but_o if_o the_o complaint_n be_v at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o party_n than_o the_o prosecutor_n sue_v he_o upon_o appeal_v in_o manner_n follow_v i._o c._n appeal_v d._n h._n here_o present_a for_o that_o e_z father_n brother_n son_n or_o uncle_n according_a as_o the_o case_n be_v to_o i.c._n be_v in_o the_o peace_n of_o god_n and_o of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n in_o the_o dwell_a house_n of_o e._n at_o etc._n etc._n the_o say_v d.h._n upon_o the_o day_n of_o in_o the_o year_n of_o with_o a_o sword_n make_v a_o wound_n of_o two_o inch_n long_o and_o six_o inch_n deep_a in_o the_o left_a pap_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v e._n whereof_o he_o die_v and_o this_o be_v do_v felonious_o and_o of_o malice_n forethink_v and_o if_o the_o say_v d.h._n shall_v deny_v the_o same_o the_o say_a i.c._n be_v ready_a to_o prove_v the_o same_o against_o he_o by_o his_o body_n or_o as_o a_o monk_n woman_n or_o clerk_n behoove_v to_o prove_v the_o same_o that_o be_v by_o champion_n for_o neither_o monk_n woman_n nor_o clerk_n be_v by_o law_n to_o justify_v by_o battle_n in_o their_o own_o person_n the_o several_a cause_n of_o appeal_n and_o indictment_n may_v be_v find_v in_o the_o law_n book_n to_o who_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n it_o not_o be_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o this_o discourse_n to_o fall_v upon_o the_o particular_n i_o shall_v only_o observe_v the_o difference_n between_o indictment_n former_a and_o late_a and_o between_o they_o and_o appeal_n viz._n that_o appeal_v be_v positive_a accusation_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o prosecutor_n of_o the_o fact_n do_v by_o the_o party_n appeal_v whereas_o indictment_n be_v only_o a_o publication_n or_o affirmation_n of_o the_o fame_n of_o a_o fact_n do_v by_o the_o party_n indict_v and_o wherein_o not_o guilty_a plead_v serve_v only_o as_o in_o nature_n of_o a_o quere_z to_o usher_v in_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o free_a man_n concern_v the_o fact_n second_o the_o difference_n between_o former_a indictment_n from_o these_o in_o these_o day_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o the_o ancient_a indictment_n be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o one_o man_n those_o of_o the_o late_a sort_n be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o jury_n and_o the_o former_a be_v only_o of_o a_o fame_n the_o late_a of_o the_o fact_n presentment_n miror_fw-la cap._n 2._o sec._n 23._o presentment_n a_o three_o way_n of_o bring_v controversy_n unto_o judgement_n concern_v only_o such_o matter_n as_o be_v of_o less_o consequence_n and_o these_o be_v introduce_v by_o way_n of_o presentment_n in_o the_o name_n or_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n in_o nature_n of_o positive_a accuse_v of_o one_o for_o a_o crime_n first_o lay_v down_o general_o and_o then_o assert_v by_o a_o particular_a fact_n in_o this_o manner_n i_o say_v for_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n that_o h._n here_o be_v perjure_v and_o have_v break_v faith_n against_o the_o king_n because_o whereas_o h._n be_v or_o be_v chancellor_n of_o the_o king_n and_o be_v swear_v that_o he_o will_v not_o sell_v right_a or_o any_o remediall_a writ_n to_o any_o one_o yet_o upon_o the_o day_n of_o etc._n etc._n he_o sell_v to_o b._n a_o writ_n of_o attaint_n and_o will_v not_o grant_v the_o same_o under_o half_a a_o mark_n so_o as_o the_o difference_n between_o a_o indictment_n and_o presentment_n in_o those_o day_n be_v only_o in_o the_o degree_n of_o crime_n for_o which_o the_o party_n delinquent_a be_v accuse_v and_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o conclusion_n of_o the_o presentment_n which_o be_v without_o averment_n the_o last_o way_n of_o trial_n concern_v such_o offence_n that_o exceed_v not_o the_o nature_n of_o trespass_n do_v to_o a_o man_n person_n or_o his_o good_n action_n miror_fw-la cap._n 2._o sec._n 24._o action_n and_o this_o be_v by_o way_n of_o action_n and_o it_o be_v to_o obtain_v recompense_n for_o damage_n sustain_v now_o because_o the_o former_a be_v call_v personal_a trespass_n the_o process_n be_v by_o attachment_n of_o the_o person_n who_o thereupon_o put_v in_o bail_n or_o else_o his_o person_n be_v secure_v by_o imprisonment_n till_o trial_n and_o satisfaction_n make_v but_o in_o the_o late_a that_o concern_v the_o realty_n 36._o ll._n aetheldr_n cap._n 20._o ll._n canut_n c._n 10_o
antiquity_n for_o aethbald_n the_o mercian_n king_n above_o eight_o hundred_o year_n ago_o give_v the_o monastery_n of_o cutham_n 319._o council_n brit._n 319._o with_o all_o the_o land_n thereto_o appertain_v to_o christchurch_n in_o canterbury_n and_o for_o the_o confirmation_n thereof_o command_v a_o clod_n of_o earth_n with_o all_o the_o write_n to_o be_v lay_v upon_o the_o altar_n another_o monument_n hereof_o more_o ancient_a by_o the_o space_n of_o above_o 100_o year_n we_o find_v in_o that_o grant_n of_o wither_a king_n of_o kent_n 192._o council_n brit._n 192._o of_o four_o plough_n land_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o tenet_n the_o latter_a part_n whereof_o this_o clause_n conclude_v thus_o ad_fw-la cujus_fw-la cumulum_fw-la affirmationis_fw-la cespitem_fw-la huius_fw-la supradictae_fw-la terrae_fw-la super_fw-la sanctum_fw-la altar_n posui_fw-la will_n last_o will_n but_o every_o man_n have_v not_o liberty_n to_o execute_v the_o law_n of_o his_o inheritance_n in_o his_o life_n time_n for_o some_o be_v surprise_v with_o sudden_a occasion_n and_o unexpected_a issue_n and_o end_n and_o in_o such_o case_n they_o do_v what_o they_o can_v to_o declare_v their_o intent_n by_o last_o will_n which_o by_o common_a intendment_n be_v in_o writing_n have_v occasion_v some_o to_o think_v that_o the_o saxon_n in_o their_o original_n have_v no_o use_n thereof_o be_v as_o they_o conceive_v so_o illiterate_a as_o not_o have_v the_o use_n of_o writing_n but_o the_o character_n remain_v to_o this_o day_n evince_v the_o contrary_a nor_o can_v those_o word_n of_o tacitus_n &_o nullum_fw-la est_fw-la testamentum_fw-la in_o any_o rational_a way_n be_v expound_v in_o this_o sense_n if_o we_o consider_v the_o context_n which_o run_v thus_o haeredes_fw-la &_o successores_fw-la cuique_fw-la liberi_fw-la &_o nullum_fw-la est_fw-la testamentum_fw-la which_o in_o my_o opinion_n sound_v in_o this_o sense_n the_o heir_n and_o successor_n to_o every_o one_o be_v his_o child_n and_o there_o be_v no_o testamentary_a power_n to_o disherit_v or_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o descent_n which_o by_o custom_n or_o law_n be_v settle_v otherwise_o to_o deny_v they_o the_o use_n of_o all_o testamentary_a power_n be_v a_o matter_n quite_o abhor_v the_o custom_n of_o all_o the_o grecian_n from_o who_o they_o learn_v all_o that_o they_o have_v 2._o m_o westm_n an._n 817._o malmsb._n gest_n reg._n l._n 2._o c._n 2._o nevertheless_o the_o saxon_n have_v not_o be_v long_o acquaint_v with_o the_o romanist_n but_o they_o have_v get_v that_o trick_n of_o they_o also_o of_o disherit_v by_o last_o will_n as_o by_o the_o testament_n of_o aethelwolfe_n and_o other_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n in_o history_n may_v appear_v the_o conveyance_n former_o mention_v concern_v land_n and_o good_n but_o if_o no_o such_o disposal_n of_o good_n be_v good_n good_n the_o ancient_a german_a custom_n carry_v they_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o ancestor_n promiscuous_o or_o rather_o in_o common_a to_o all_o the_o child_n but_o in_o succeed_a time_n the_o one_o half_a by_o the_o law_n of_o edmond_n pass_v to_o the_o relict_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v by_o force_n of_o contract_n rather_o than_o course_n of_o descent_n after_o he_o edward_n the_o confessor_n recollect_v the_o law_n declare_v that_o in_o case_n any_o one_o die_v intestate_a the_o child_n shall_v equal_o divide_v the_o good_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v understand_v with_o a_o salvo_fw-la of_o the_o wife_n dower_n or_o portion_n as_o yet_o therefore_o the_o ordinary_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o administration_n for_o good_n pass_v by_o descent_n as_o well_o as_o land_n and_o upon_o this_o custom_n the_o writ_n de_fw-fr rationabili_fw-la parte_fw-la honorum_fw-la be_v ground_v at_o the_o common_a law_n as_o well_o for_o the_o child_n as_o the_o wife_n part_n 122._o f.n._n br._n 122._o according_a as_o by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o writ_n may_v appear_v chap._n xlii_o of_o time_n of_o law_n and_o vacancy_n such_o like_v as_o have_v be_v show_v be_v the_o course_n of_o government_n in_o those_o dark_a time_n nor_o do_v the_o fundamental_o alter_v either_o by_o the_o diversity_n and_o mixture_n of_o people_n of_o several_a nation_n in_o the_o first_o entrance_n nor_o from_o the_o dane_n or_o norman_n in_o their_o survenue_n not_o only_o because_o in_o their_o original_n they_o all_o breathe_v one_o air_n of_o the_o law_n and_o government_n of_o greece_n but_o also_o they_o be_v no_o other_o than_o common_a dictate_v of_o nature_n refine_v by_o wise_a man_n which_o challenge_v a_o kind_n of_o awe_n in_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o most_o barbarous_a i_o have_v almost_o forget_v one_o circumstance_n which_o tend_v much_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v their_o speedy_a execution_n of_o justice_n for_o they_o admit_v no_o delay_n till_o upon_o experience_n they_o find_v that_o by_o stay_v a_o little_a long_o they_o have_v do_v the_o soon_o and_o this_o bring_v forth_o particular_a time_n of_o exemption_n 16._o miror_fw-la cap._n 4._o sec._n 16._o as_o that_o of_o infancy_n and_o childbearing_n in_o case_n of_o answer_n to_o criminail_n accusation_n but_o more_o especial_o in_o case_n of_o regard_n of_o holiness_n of_o the_o time_n as_o that_o of_o the_o lord_n day_n saint_n day_n 518._o ll._n sax._n cap._n 10._o council_n brit._n 518._o fast_n ember_n day_n for_o even_o those_o day_n be_v have_v in_o much_o honour_n nor_o only_a day_n but_o season_n as_o from_o advent_v to_o the_o octave_n of_o epiphany_n from_o septuagesima_fw-la till_o fifteen_o day_n after_o easter_n or_o as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o confessor_n till_o eight_o day_n after_o easter_n and_o from_o ascension_n to_o the_o eight_o day_n after_o pentecost_n and_o though_o as_o king_n and_o time_n do_v change_v so_o these_o season_n may_v be_v diverse_o cut_v out_o as_o the_o law_n of_o alfred_n aethelstan_n aetheldred_n edgar_n canutus_n and_o edward_n do_v manifest_a yet_o all_o agree_v in_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n and_o that_o some_o be_v more_o fit_a for_o holy_a observation_n than_o other_o and_o thus_o by_o the_o devotion_n of_o prince_n and_o power_n of_o the_o clergy_n the_o four_o term_n of_o the_o year_n be_v cut_v out_o for_o course_n of_o law_n in_o the_o king_n court_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o year_n be_v leave_v vacant_a for_o the_o exercise_n and_o maintenance_n of_o husbandry_n and_o particular_a calling_n and_o employment_n save_v that_o even_o in_o those_o time_n the_o court_n of_o the_o county_n and_o hundred_o hold_v their_o ancient_a and_o constant_a course_n last_o of_o all_o and_o as_o a_o bind_a law_n unto_o all_o 18._o miror_fw-la cap._n 4._o sec._n 18._o it_o be_v provide_v that_o false_a judge_n shall_v give_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o party_n wrong_v by_o they_o and_o as_o the_o case_n require_v to_o forfeit_v the_o residue_n to_o the_o king_n to_o be_v disable_v for_o ever_o for_o place_n of_o judicature_n and_o their_o life_n leave_v to_o the_o king_n mercy_n chap._n xliii_o a_o epilogue_n to_o the_o saxon_a government_n and_o thus_o far_o of_o the_o joint_n of_o saxon_a government_n in_o their_o person_n precinct_n court_n cause_n and_o law_n wherein_o as_o the_o distance_n will_v permit_v and_o according_a to_o my_o capacity_n i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o refresh_v the_o image_n of_o the_o saxon_a commonweal_n the_o more_o curious_a lineament_n be_v now_o disfigure_v by_o time_n afar_o off_o it_o seem_v a_o monarchy_n but_o in_o approach_n discover_v more_o of_o a_o democracy_n and_o if_o the_o temper_n of_o a_o body_n may_v appear_v by_o the_o prevail_a humour_n towards_o age_n that_o government_n do_v still_o appear_v more_o prevalent_a in_o all_o assault_n both_o of_o time_n and_o change_n the_o first_o great_a change_n it_o feel_v be_v from_o the_o dane_n that_o storm_v they_o and_o show_v therein_o much_o of_o the_o wrath_n both_o of_o god_n and_o man_n and_o yet_o it_o trench_a not_o upon_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o people_n liberty_n the_o worst_a effect_n it_o have_v be_v upon_o the_o church_n in_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o power_n of_o religion_n and_o worship_n of_o god_n for_o after_o much_o toil_n and_o loss_n both_o of_o sweat_n and_o blood_n the_o dane_n find_v that_o little_a be_v to_o be_v get_v by_o blow_n but_o blow_n and_o that_o the_o clergy_n at_o the_o least_o be_v the_o side-wind_n in_o the_o course_n of_o all_o affair_n lay_v aside_o their_o paganism_n and_o join_v with_o the_o clergy_n and_o as_o their_o convert_n and_o pupil_n gain_v not_o only_o their_o quiet_a residence_n but_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o clergy_n to_o make_v trial_n of_o the_o throne_n and_o therein_o serve_v the_o clergy_n so_o well_o as_o they_o bring_v the_o people_n to_o a_o perfect_a idolatry_n with_o time_n place_n and_o person_n and_o subjection_n of_o their_o estate_n to_o church_n tribute_n
he_o over_o for_o though_o he_o may_v seem_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o chase_n to_o be_v draw_v to_o london_n where_o the_o crown_n be_v and_o that_o he_o rather_o seek_v after_o his_o enemy_n than_o it_o yet_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o perceive_v the_o crown_n in_o his_o power_n he_o dispute_v not_o the_o right_a although_o that_o be_v edgar_n but_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o long_o desire_a prey_n and_o yet_o he_o do_v it_o in_o a_o mannerly_a way_n as_o if_o he_o see_v in_o it_o somewhat_o more_o than_o gold_n and_o precious_a stone_n for_o though_o he_o may_v have_v take_v it_o by_o ravishment_n yet_o he_o choose_v the_o way_n of_o woo_v by_o a_o kind_n of_o mutual_a agreement_n thus_o this_o mighty_a conqueror_n suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v conquer_v and_o stoop_v under_o the_o law_n of_o a_o saxon_a king_n he_o become_v a_o king_n by_o leave_n wise_o foresee_v that_o a_o title_n get_v by_o election_n be_v more_o certain_a than_o that_o which_o be_v get_v by_o power_n chap._n xlv_o that_o the_o title_n of_o the_o norman_a king_n to_o the_o english_a crown_n be_v by_o election_n some_o there_o be_v that_o build_v their_o opinion_n upon_o passionate_a note_n of_o angry_a writer_n and_o do_v conclude_v that_o the_o duke_n way_n and_o title_n be_v whole_o by_o conquest_n and_o thence_o infer_v strange_a aphorism_n of_o state_n destructive_a to_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n let_v the_o reader_n please_v to_o peruse_v the_o ensue_a particular_n and_o thence_o conclude_v as_o he_o shall_v see_v cause_n it_o will_v easy_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o title_n of_o conquest_n be_v never_o further_o than_o the_o king_n thought_n if_o it_o ever_o enter_v therein_o else_o wherefore_o do_v he_o pretend_v other_o title_n to_o the_o world_n but_o because_o it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o his_o wisdom_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o pretend_v what_o he_o intend_v and_o yet_o in_o practice_n intend_v not_o at_o what_o he_o do_v pretend_v it_o will_v be_v the_o skill_n of_o the_o reader_n to_o consider_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o first_o william_n coronation_n and_o his_o succeed_a government_n his_o coronation_n questionless_a be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o ancient_a saxon_a king_n for_o he_o be_v crown_v in_o the_o abbey_n of_o westminster_n by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n because_o he_o of_o canterbury_n be_v not_o canonical_a at_o his_o coronation_n he_o make_v a_o solemn_a covenant_n to_o observe_v those_o law_n which_o be_v bonae_fw-la &_o approbatae_fw-la &_o antique_a leges_fw-la regni_fw-la 190._o hoveden_n eadmer_n hist_o l._n 1._o p._n 13._o m._n paris_n vit_fw-fr gulielm_n malmsb_n l._n 3._o for_n 154._o wigorn._n an._n 1066._o glossar_n ll._n gul._n spicil_n 190._o to_o defend_v the_o church_n and_o church_n man_n to_o govern_v all_o the_o people_n just_o to_o make_v and_o maintain_v righteous_a law_n and_o to_o inhibit_v all_o spoil_n and_o unjust_a judgement_n the_o people_n also_o enter_v into_o covenant_n with_o he_o that_o as_o well_o within_o the_o land_n as_o without_o they_o will_v be_v faithful_a to_o their_o lord_n king_n william_n and_o in_o every_o place_n to_o keep_v with_o all_o fidelity_n his_o land_n and_o honour_n together_o with_o he_o and_o against_o enemy_n and_o stranger_n to_o defend_v it_o be_v the_o selfsame_o in_o substance_n with_o the_o fealty_n that_o the_o saxon_n make_v to_o their_o king_n as_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o paralel_v they_o both_o together_o the_o saxon_n be_v swear_v to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n against_o stranger_n and_o enemy_n together_o with_o their_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o to_o preserve_v his_o land_n and_o honour_n together_o with_o he_o with_o all_o faithfulness_n so_o as_o by_o the_o saxon_a way_n the_o allegiance_n first_o terminate_v on_o the_o kingdom_n and_o then_o as_o in_o order_n thereunto_o upon_o the_o king_n with_o his_o land_n and_o honour_n but_o the_o norman_a either_o whole_o omit_v the_o first_o as_o 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beside_o the_o oath_n of_o fealty_n former_o mention_v he_o establish_v a_o law_n of_o association_n that_o all_o free_a man_n shall_v be_v swear_v brethren_n 59_o ll._n gulielm_n spicil_n 59_o 1._o to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n with_o their_o life_n and_o fortune_n against_o all_o enemy_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o their_o power_n 2._o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o crown_n 3._o to_o maintain_v right_a and_o justice_n by_o all_o mean_n without_o deceit_n and_o delay_n join_v then_o these_o two_o oath_n together_o viz._n that_o of_o fealty_n and_o this_o of_o fraternity_n and_o it_o will_v easy_o appear_v that_o the_o allegiance_n of_o the_o english_a to_o the_o norman_a king_n be_v no_o other_o than_o what_o may_v stand_v with_o brotherhood_n and_o tender_a regard_n of_o the_o public_a above_o all_o and_o differ_v from_o the_o saxon_a fealty_n only_o in_o this_o that_o that_o be_v in_o one_o oath_n &_o this_o in_o two_o wherefore_o whatsoever_o respect_v steer_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o king_n course_n it_o be_v less_o material_a so_o long_o as_o the_o van_n be_v right_a albeit_o that_o the_o sequel_n will_v prove_v not_o much_o different_a from_o the_o premise_n as_o will_v appear_v in_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o whole_a account_n thus_o enter_v the_o first_o norman_n upon_o the_o saxon_a throne_n and_o as_o he_o have_v some_o colour_n of_o right_a to_o countenance_v his_o course_n rufus_n william_n rufus_n so_o have_v his_o son_n his_o father_n last_o will_n and_o yet_o he_o have_v as_o little_a right_n as_o he_o this_o be_v william_n rufus_n that_o be_v of_o his_o father_n way_n but_o of_o a_o deep_o die_v and_o therefore_o may_v well_o be_v call_v william_n rufus_n or_o william_n in_o grain_n he_o be_v exceed_v happy_a in_o the_o fear_n or_o favour_n of_o the_o
which_o as_o some_o think_v be_v make_v advantageous_o for_o the_o pope_n himself_o in_o point_n of_o tenure_n but_o more_o probable_o in_o the_o covenant_n for_o the_o conqueror_n be_v scarce_o settle_v in_o his_o seat_n but_o the_o canon_n law_n begin_v to_o speak_v in_o the_o voice_n of_o a_o royal_a law_n 4._o spicil_n 167._o fox_n mart._n l._n 4._o first_o complain_v of_o misgovernment_n as_o if_o the_o church_n be_v extreme_o wrong_v by_o have_v the_o same_o way_n and_o law_n of_o trial_n with_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n and_o then_o propound_v four_o several_a expedient_n enough_o to_o have_v undo_v the_o whole_a commonweal_n in_o the_o very_a entrance_n have_v not_o the_o superstition_n of_o those_o time_n blind_v both_o parliament_n and_o people_n and_o render_v they_o willing_a with_o that_o which_o their_o successor_n in_o future_a age_n often_o repent_v of_o no_o offence_n against_o the_o bishop_n law_n shall_v be_v handle_v in_o the_o hundred_o by_o the_o saxon_a 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concern_v any_o gesture_n or_o garb_n that_o may_v come_v within_o the_o savour_n of_o a_o ecclesiastical_a conceit_n that_o all_o delinquent_n against_o the_o bishop_n law_n shall_v answer_v the_o fact_n in_o a_o place_n appoint_v by_o the_o bishop_n to_o that_o end_n so_o as_o now_o the_o bishop_n have_v get_v a_o court_n by_o the_o statute_n law_n that_o have_v former_o no_o other_o card_n to_o show_v but_o that_o of_o the_o canon_n and_o a_o court_n of_o such_o place_n as_o the_o bishop_n shall_v appoint_v however_o inconvenient_a for_o distance_n or_o uncertainty_n it_o be_v that_o the_o trial_n of_o such_o matter_n shall_v be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o canon_n and_o not_o according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o hundred_o that_o be_v not_o by_o jury_n but_o by_o witness_n in_o a_o clandestine_v way_n if_o the_o bishop_n please_v or_o without_o any_o accuser_n or_o by_o more_o scrutiny_n or_o any_o other_o way_n that_o may_v reserve_v the_o lay_v man_n to_o the_o breast_n of_o a_o prepossessed_a spirit_n of_o the_o spiritual_a judge_n and_o thus_o the_o poor_a countryman_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o censure_n of_o a_o unknown_a law_n in_o a_o unknown_a tongue_n by_o a_o unknown_a way_n wherein_o they_o have_v no_o foot_n but_o by_o a_o implicit_a faith_n and_o herein_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n i_o imagine_v be_v more_o manifest_a than_o the_o wisdom_n of_o man_n which_o be_v too_o weak_a to_o foresee_v event_n at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n for_o questionless_a it_o be_v a_o point_n of_o excellent_a wisdom_n for_o the_o people_n now_o under_o a_o king_n of_o a_o rugged_a nature_n that_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o catch_v whatsoever_o he_o can_v get_v to_o deposit_v part_n of_o their_o liberty_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o clergy_n from_o who_o moderation_n may_v be_v expect_v as_o from_o friend_n and_o neighbour_n and_o as_o partner_n in_o one_o ship_n mutual_a engagement_n to_o withstand_v the_o wave_n of_o prerogative_n of_o king_n that_o seldom_o rest_v till_o it_o break_v all_o bank_n and_o sometime_o over-reache_n its_o own_o guard_n and_o can_v return_v when_o it_o will_v and_o thus_o it_o fall_v out_o for_o many_o time_n the_o pope_n and_o clergy_n become_v protector_n of_o the_o people_n liberty_n and_o keep_v they_o safe_a from_o the_o rage_n of_o king_n until_o the_o time_n of_o restitution_n shall_v come_v and_o become_v not_o only_o a_o wall_n of_o defence_n to_o the_o one_o but_o a_o rock_n of_o offence_n to_o the_o other_o for_o the_o triple_a crown_n can_v never_o solder_v with_o the_o english_a nor_o it_o with_o that_o the_o strife_n be_v for_o prerogative_n wherein_o if_o the_o clergy_n gain_v the_o crown_n lose_v and_o no_o moderation_n will_v be_v allow_v for_o the_o conquer_a king_n be_v scarce_o warm_a in_o his_o throne_n when_o as_o the_o pope_n demand_v fealty_n of_o he_o for_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n 1068._o spicil_n 164_o baronus_fw-la anal._n a_o 1068._o and_o the_o king_n own_o good_a archbishop_n and_o friend_n lanfranke_a deliver_v the_o message_n as_o also_o anselme_n do_v afterward_o to_o william_n rufus_n which_o though_o king_n have_v courage_n enough_o to_o deny_v yet_o it_o show_v plain_o that_o the_o pope_n mean_v no_o less_o game_n than_o crown-glieke_n with_o the_o king_n and_o people_n the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n hold_v the_o card_n for_o the_o pope_n while_o in_o the_o interim_n he_o oversee_v all_o the_o norman_a king_n thus_o brave_v pay_v the_o pope_n in_o their_o own_o coin_n and_o refuse_v to_o acknowledge_v any_o pope_n but_o such_o as_o be_v first_o allow_v by_o their_o concurrence_n 25._o edmer_n hist_o l._n 1._o p._n 25._o thus_o have_v we_o the_o second_o bravado_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n for_o as_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o so_o full_o enter_v as_o it_o seem_v the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n its_o true_a be_v general_a yet_o their_o sense_n be_v leave_v to_o time_n to_o expound_v and_o the_o course_n of_o succeed_a affair_n 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therein_o albeit_o that_o for_o a_o long_a time_n by_o canon_n it_o have_v be_v contradict_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o king_n concern_v these_o and_o other_o matter_n grow_v so_o hot_a that_o king_n like_v not_o to_o have_v any_o synod_n or_o meeting_n of_o public_a council_n pap_n epist_n ad_fw-la pascal_n pap_n and_o archbishop_n anselme_n complain_v that_o william_n rufus_n will_v not_o allow_v any_o to_o be_v call_v for_o thirteen_o year_n together_o which_o by_o the_o file_n of_o story_n compare_v with_o that_o epistle_n make_v up_o the_o king_n whole_a reign_n and_o this_o be_v questionless_a the_o cause_n that_o we_o find_v so_o little_a touch_n upon_o parliamentary_a assembly_n in_o the_o norman_a time_n king_n be_v too_o high_a to_o be_v control_v and_o bishop_n too_o proud_a to_o obey_v but_o necessity_n of_o state_n like_v unto_o fate_n prevail_v against_o all_o other_o interest_n whatsoever_o and_o the_o wisdom_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o in_o this_o prevail_v above_o that_o of_o his_o predecessor_n as_o far_o as_o their_o will_n be_v beyond_o he_o for_o it_o be_v bootless_a for_o he_o to_o hold_v out_o against_o the_o church_n that_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o all_o sort_n to_o confirm_v to_o he_o that_o which_o common_a right_n as_o then_o it_o be_v take_v deny_v he_o and_o therefore_o though_o it_o cost_v he_o much_o trouble_n with_o anselme_n he_o recontinue_a the_o liberty_n of_o public_a consultation_n and_o yet_o maintain_v his_o dignity_n and_o honour_n seemly_a well_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o clear_v this_o by_o particular_n for_o beside_o the_o public_a consultation_n at_o his_o entrance_n and_o twice_o after_o that_o for_o supply_v or_o aid_n for_o his_o war_n and_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o daughter_n with_o the_o emperor_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n
summon_v a_o council_n at_o westminster_n but_o it_o be_v authoritate_fw-la regius_fw-la and_o that_o there_o assemble_v magnae_fw-la multitudines_fw-la clericorum_fw-la laicorum_fw-la 1127._o conten_a wigorn._n an._n 1127._o tam_fw-la divitum_fw-la quam_fw-la mediocrium_fw-la and_o that_o upon_o the_o three_o day_n the_o debate_n be_v the_o negotiis_fw-la saecularibus_fw-la nonnullis_fw-la the_o issue_n of_o all_o be_v that_o some_o thing_n be_v determinata_fw-la other_o dilata_fw-la and_o other_o matter_n propter_fw-la nimium_fw-la aestuantis_fw-la turbae_fw-la tumultum_fw-la ab_fw-la audientia_fw-la judicantium_fw-la profligata_fw-la out_o of_o which_o may_v be_v probable_o conclude_v 1._o that_o the_o laity_n as_o yet_o be_v present_a in_o counsel_n with_o the_o clergy_n 2._o that_o they_o be_v all_o in_o one_o place_n 3._o that_o they_o all_o have_v vote_n and_o that_o the_o major_a number_n conclude_v the_o matter_n 4._o that_o certain_a person_n use_v to_o determine_v of_o the_o major_a number_n by_o the_o hear_n and_o that_o the_o vote_n be_v still_o clamoro_fw-la non_fw-la calculis_fw-la 5._o that_o they_o hold_v a_o order_n in_o debate_v of_o affair_n viz._n on_o some_o day_n ecclesiastical_a and_o on_o other_o day_n secular_a 6._o that_o all_o matter_n conclude_v be_v attest_v by_o the_o king_n who_o as_o it_o be_v say_v do_v give_v his_o consent_n and_o by_o his_o authority_n do_v grant_v and_o confirm_v the_o same_o and_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n it_o will_v be_v probable_a that_o as_o yet_o counsel_n and_o those_o now_o call_v parliament_n differ_v not_o in_o kind_n although_o possible_o there_o may_v be_v difference_n of_o name_n in_o regard_n that_o some_o may_v be_v immediate_o and_o main_o occasion_v and_o urge_v by_o temporal_a exigence_n and_o other_o by_o ecclesiastical_a but_o whether_o temporal_a or_o ecclesiastical_a the_o first_o occasion_n be_v yet_o in_o their_o meeting_n they_o handle_v both_o as_o occasion_n offer_v itself_o second_o as_o the_o clergy_n can_v not_o attain_v the_o sole_a legislative_a power_n so_o neither_o have_v they_o the_o sole_a juridical_a power_n in_o ecclesisticall_a cause_n for_o not_o only_o in_o case_n of_o error_n in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n be_v a_o appeal_n reserve_v to_o the_o king_n court_n as_o former_o in_o the_o saxon_n time_n but_o even_o those_o thing_n which_o seem_v proper_o of_o ecclesiastical_a cognisance_n be_v possess_v by_o the_o king_n court_n in_o the_o first_o instance_n as_o that_o of_o peter-pence_n which_o be_v a_o church-tribute_n and_o may_v be_v claim_v to_o be_v proper_a the_o church_n cognisance_n much_o rather_o than_o tithe_n and_o yet_o by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o conqueror_n time_n it_o be_v especial_o provide_v 180._o ll._n gulielm_n c._n 20._o spicil_n 180._o that_o default_n of_o payment_n of_o that_o duty_n shall_v be_v amend_v in_o the_o king_n court_n and_o a_o fine_a for_o default_n be_v give_v to_o the_o king_n albeit_o that_o the_o bishop_n be_v make_v the_o collector_n and_o the_o pope_n the_o proprietor_n and_o many_o other_o particular_n which_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v of_o ecclesiastical_a cognisance_n king_n will_v draw_v they_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o maintain_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o church_n which_o proper_o belong_v to_o they_o to_o defend_v and_o so_o have_v the_o cognisance_n of_o they_o in_o their_o own_o court_n and_o fine_n for_o invasion_n of_o the_o church_n right_n but_o because_o this_o may_v seem_v but_o colourable_a and_o by_o way_n of_o flattery_n of_o the_o church_n right_a and_o not_o in_o opposition_n thereof_o in_o other_o thing_n it_o will_v appear_v plain_o that_o king_n be_v not_o nice_a in_o vindicate_v their_o own_o claim_n in_o matter_n which_o the_o clergy_n hold_v they_o quarto_fw-la modo_fw-la as_o namely_o in_o the_o case_n of_o excommunication_n a_o weapon_n first_o fashion_v by_o the_o churchman_n and_o in_o the_o exercise_n whereof_o themselves_o be_v in_o repute_n the_o only_a master_n and_o yet_o in_o this_o be_v master_v by_o king_n who_o law_n direct_v and_o restrain_v the_o swell_a of_o that_o censure_n 5._o eadmer_n hist_o p._n 6._o ll._n h._n 1._o cap._n 5._o and_o make_v it_o keep_v measure_n who_o tenant_n and_o officer_n or_o servant_n must_v not_o be_v meddle_v with_o by_o this_o censure_n but_o by_o the_o king_n leave_n nor_o must_v they_o be_v call_v to_o answer_v but_o in_o the_o king_n court_n that_o right_o still_o remain_v to_o they_o after_o the_o spoil_n make_v by_o the_o hierarchy_n upon_o the_o right_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o free_a man_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o of_o right_a be_v call_v nova_fw-la in_o the_o historian_n sense_n see_v that_o it_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o ancient_a custom_n use_v among_o the_o saxon_n before_o that_o the_o clergy_n have_v either_o purpose_n or_o power_n to_o reach_v at_o such_o a_o height_n as_o afterward_o by_o degree_n they_o attain_v unto_o furthermore_o the_o 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treachery_n of_o the_o cathedral_n within_o the_o realm_n 142._o eadmer_n hist_o l._n 2._o p._n 53._o &_o l._n 3._o &_o l._n 4._o eadmer_n hist_o l._n 1._o &_o l._n 5._o wigorn._n an._n 1128._o spicil_n 142._o and_o albeit_o sometime_o king_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o hold_v the_o shadow_n yet_o the_o convention_n of_o the_o state_n do_v maintain_v the_o substance_n viz._n the_o right_a of_o election_n without_o intermission_n as_o the_o example_n of_o lanfrank_n unto_o the_o see_v of_o canterbury_n and_o anselme_n and_o ralph_n his_o successor_n and_o of_o thomas_n into_o the_o see_v of_o york_n and_o ralph_n coadjutor_n to_o thurstan_n archbishop_n of_o the_o same_o see_v and_o of_o gilbert_n into_o the_o see_v of_o london_n beside_o other_o do_v sufficient_o set_v forth_o whether_o it_o be_v because_o the_o convention_n of_o state_n be_v more_o stout_a or_o that_o the_o bishop_n now_o wed_v to_o temporal_a barony_n be_v so_o unquestionable_o interest_v in_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o the_o commonweal_n that_o it_o be_v against_o common_a sense_n to_o deny_v the_o state_n their_o vote_n and_o cognisance_n of_o their_o election_n i_o can_v determine_v yet_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a truth_n the_o more_o baron_n the_o less_o bishop_n and_o more_o unmeet_a for_o the_o service_n of_o rome_n politic_o therefore_o it_o be_v do_v by_o king_n to_o hold_v these_o man_n by_o a_o golden_a hook_n that_o otherwise_o have_v prostitute_v themselves_o to_o a_o foreign_a power_n and_o prove_v absolute_a desertor_n of_o their_o country_n cause_n which_o now_o they_o must_v maintain_v under_o peril_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o own_o honour_n in_o the_o next_o place_n as_o they_o be_v the_o king_n man_n so_o their_o bishopric_n and_o diocese_n be_v under_o the_o king_n power_n to_o order_n as_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o baronage_n shall_v be_v think_v most_o convenient_a either_o to_o endow_v a_o other_o bishop_n with_o part_n thereof_o and_o so_o to_o make_v two_o diocese_n of_o one_o 96._o eadm_n l._n 4._o p._n 95._o 96._o as_o befall_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o diocese_n of_o lincoln_n out_o of_o which_o the_o diocese_n of_o ely_n bud_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o or_o to_o endow_v a_o monastery_n or_o other_o religious_a foundation_n with_o part_n and_o exempt_v the_o same_o from_o all_o episcopal_a or_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n as_o in_o the_o example_n of_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o battle_n in_o sussex_n in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n may_v appear_v 65._o spicil_n 65._o last_o what_o ever_o the_o first_o intention_n of_o this_o recite_v statute_n be_v it_o may_v probable_o be_v judge_v that_o it_o be_v but_o a_o noise_n to_o still_o the_o clergy_n and_o that_o it_o never_o have_v more_o than_o a_o liveless_a shape_n not_o only_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o beforementioned_a particular_n but_o especial_o in_o regard_n of_o that_o subservient_fw-fr
in_o fifteen_o manor_n two_o township_n with_o many_o liberty_n upon_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o freeholder_n in_o a_o county_n court_n and_o that_o the_o sentence_n be_v allow_v and_o commend_v by_o the_o king_n and_o submit_v to_o by_o all_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o be_v to_o come_v to_o the_o hundred_o court_n court_n hundred_o court_n of_o which_o there_o be_v by_o the_o norman_n allow_v two_o sort_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v hold_v twice_o a_o year_n this_o be_v former_o call_v the_o tear_v and_o be_v the_o sheriff_n court_n hereof_o little_a notice_n be_v take_v 8._o ll._n hen_n 1_o c_o 8._o save_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o its_o work_n seem_v to_o be_v much_o design_v to_o the_o view_n of_o free_a pledge_n but_o the_o more_o ordinary_a court_n be_v that_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o hundred_o unto_o who_o also_o belong_v the_o fine_n in_o case_n there_o concern_v this_o court_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v once_o in_o each_o month_n 42._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 41._o ll._n hen._n 1_o c._n 7._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 41._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 42._o and_o no_o suit_n to_o be_v begin_v in_o the_o king_n court_n that_o regular_o aught_o to_o begin_v in_o the_o hund_n ed._n no_o distringas_fw-la shall_v issue_v forth_o till_o three_o demand_n make_v in_o the_o hundred_o and_o three_o distress_n shall_v then_o issue_v forth_o and_o if_o upon_o the_o four_o the_o party_n appear_v not_o execution_n shall_v be_v by_o sale_n of_o the_o distress_n and_o the_o complainant_n shall_v receive_v satisfaction_n but_o by_o the_o latter_a law_n of_o the_o same_o king_n there_o be_v but_o two_o summons_n allow_v and_o then_o two_o distress_n 64._o ll._n hen_n 1._o c._n 64._o and_o in_o case_n no_o appearance_n be_v execution_n shall_v be_v for_o the_o complainant_n and_o for_o the_o king_n fine_a 7._o ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 7._o last_o as_o the_o case_n concern_v either_o person_n or_o place_n sometime_o they_o use_v to_o join_v several_a hundred_o together_o into_o one_o court_n but_o this_o be_v by_o special_a commission_n or_o writ_n as_o touch_v inferior_a court_n of_o tow_n and_o manor_n there_o be_v little_a observation_n to_o be_v have_v 7._o court_n of_o town_n and_o manor_n ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 7._o be_v of_o too_o private_a a_o regard_n to_o come_v into_o fame_n in_o those_o rough_a time_n yet_o in_o henry_n the_o fir_v law_n be_v order_v that_o town_n court_n shall_v meet_v every_o month_n and_o that_o lord_n shall_v hold_v plea_n either_o in_o their_o own_o person_n or_o by_o their_o steward_n and_o that_o the_o chief_a man_n in_o that_o parish_n with_o four_o other_o of_o the_o chief_a sort_n and_o the_o minister_n or_o parish_n priest_n shall_v join_v their_o assistance_n in_o that_o work_n but_o in_o nothing_o more_o do_v the_o norman_a king_n show_v their_o paternal_a love_n to_o the_o commonweal_n decenner_n decenner_n then_o in_o the_o law_n of_o pledge_n or_o decenner_n for_o as_o of_o all_o other_o beauty_n it_o suffer_v most_o blemish_n from_o the_o storm_n of_o the_o norman_a invasion_n so_o be_v it_o their_o especial_a care_n to_o renew_v the_o life_n thereof_o not_o now_o among_o the_o native_n only_o but_o join_v the_o norman_n to_o the_o saxon_n in_o the_o same_o bond_n of_o brotherhood_n utter_o drown_v thereby_o all_o memory_n of_o lordly_a power_n and_o so_o of_o divers_a people_n make_v one_o conquer_v even_o conquest_n itself_o if_o any_o be_v and_o make_v all_o joynt-partner_n in_o one_o common_a liberty_n 8._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 64._o ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 8._o every_o free_a man_n must_v be_v under_o pledge_n to_o satisfy_v justice_n in_o case_n of_o delinquency_n over_o every_o nine_o person_n under_o pledge_n there_o must_v be_v one_o man_n in_o authority_n view_v of_o free_a pledge_n must_v be_v to_o see_v that_o the_o decennary_n be_v full_a and_o if_o any_o be_v depart_v to_o inquire_v the_o cause_n and_o if_o any_o be_v come_v in_o whether_o he_o be_v under_o pledge_n or_o not_o and_o thus_o the_o norman_a king_n have_v their_o people_n under_o treble_a guard_n one_o of_o fealty_n the_o other_o of_o association_n and_o the_o three_o that_o of_o pledge_n and_o all_o little_a enough_o to_o secure_v that_o which_o they_o in_o their_o own_o conscience_n may_v have_v some_o cause_n to_o question_n whether_o it_o belong_v to_o they_o or_o not_o chap._n xlix_o of_o the_o immunity_n of_o the_o saxon_a free_a man_n under_o the_o norman_a government_n the_o freedom_n of_o a_o english_a man_n consist_v in_o three_o particular_n first_o in_o ownership_n of_o what_o he_o have_v second_o in_o vote_v any_o law_n whereby_o that_o ownership_n be_v to_o be_v maintain_v and_o three_o in_o have_v a_o influence_n upon_o that_o judicatory_a power_n that_o must_v apply_v that_o law_n now_o that_o the_o english_a under_o the_o norman_n enjoy_v all_o this_o freedom_n unto_o each_o man_n own_o particular_a beside_o what_o they_o have_v in_o body_n aggregate_v may_v appear_v as_o follow_v the_o free_a man_n of_o england_n be_v such_o as_o either_o join_v in_o the_o war_n with_o harold_n against_o the_o norman_n or_o such_o as_o absent_v themselves_o from_o the_o way_n of_o opposition_n or_o enmity_n and_o be_v either_o wait_v upon_o their_o own_o affair_n or_o side_v with_o the_o norman_n and_o questionless_a all_o the_o sadness_n of_o the_o war_n befall_v the_o first_o sort_n of_o the_o english_a who_o person_n and_o estate_n to_o make_v the_o way_n of_o the_o first_o norman_n william_n regular_a and_o of_o one_o piece_n never_o fall_v so_o low_a as_o to_o come_v under_o the_o law_n or_o rather_o the_o will_n of_o conquest_n but_o in_o their_o worst_a condition_n be_v in_o truth_n within_o the_o directory_n of_o the_o law_n of_o forfeiture_n for_o treason_n against_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n who_o claim_n be_v by_o title_n as_o have_v be_v already_o note_v the_o other_o sort_n either_o do_v appear_v to_o be_v the_o norman_n friend_n or_o for_o aught_o appear_v so_o be_v and_o so_o never_o offend_v the_o law_n never_o suffer_v any_o penalty_n but_o hold_v their_o person_n and_o possession_n still_o under_o the_o patronage_n of_o law_n as_o ancient_o they_o and_o their_o ancestor_n have_v do_v and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o norman_n meaning_n they_o publish_v the_o same_o to_o the_o world_n in_o a_o fundamental_a law_n whereby_o be_v grant_v 55._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 55._o that_o all_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n shall_v have_v and_o hold_v their_o land_n and_o possession_n in_o hereditary_a right_n for_o ever_o and_o by_o this_o be_v secure_v against_o forfeiture_n they_o be_v further_o save_v from_o all_o wrong_n by_o the_o same_o law_n which_o provide_v that_o they_o shall_v hold_v they_o well_o or_o quiet_o and_o in_o peace_n free_a from_o all_o unjust_a tax_n and_o from_o all_o tallage_n so_o as_o nothing_o shall_v be_v exact_v nor_o take_v but_o their_o free_a service_n which_o by_o right_n they_o be_v bind_v to_o perform_v this_o be_v expound_v in_o the_o law_n of_o h._n 1._o cap._n 4._o that_o no_o tribute_n or_o tax_n shall_v be_v take_v but_o what_o be_v due_a in_o the_o confessor_n time_n under_o the_o word_n tax_n be_v understand_v monetagium_fw-la commune_v per_fw-la civitates_fw-la or_o comitatus_fw-la so_o as_o aide_n and_o escuage_n be_v not_o include_v for_o they_o be_v not_o charge_v upon_o county_n and_o city_n but_o upon_o tenor_n in_o knight-service_n nor_o be_v dane_n grelt_v hereby_o take_v away_o for_o that_o be_v a_o tax_n in_o the_o confessor_n time_n and_o grant_v by_o parliament_n so_o then_o the_o norman_a king_n claim_v no_o other_o right_n in_o the_o land_n and_o possesson_n of_o any_o of_o their_o subject_n then_o under_o and_o by_o the_o law_n or_o common_a right_n and_o they_o conclude_v the_o law_n with_o a_o sicut_fw-la which_o i_o thus_o english_a as_o it_o be_v enact_v to_o they_o or_o agree_v by_o they_o and_o unto_o they_o by_o we_o give_v and_o grant_v by_o the_o common-council_n of_o our_o whole_a kingdom_n nostri_fw-la statutum_n est_fw-fr eye_n &_o illis_fw-la à _fw-la nobis_fw-la datum_fw-la &_o concessum_fw-la per_fw-la common_a concilium_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la i_o leave_v the_o word_n to_o be_v criticize_v upon_o as_o the_o reader_n shall_v please_v be_v well_o assure_v that_o the_o most_o strain_a sense_n can_v reach_v no_o further_o then_o to_o make_v it_o sound_v as_o a_o estoppell_n or_o conclusion_n to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n to_o make_v any_o further_a claim_n unto_o the_o estate_n of_o his_o subject_n then_o by_o law_n or_o right_n be_v warrantable_a under_o which_o notion_n conquest_n never_o do_v nor_o can_v come_v as_o shall_v more_o full_o be_v manifest_v hereafter_o but_o
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the_o king_n court._n this_o have_v be_v quarrel_v from_o the_o first_o norman_n time_n but_o can_v never_o be_v recover_v by_o the_o clergy_n before_o the_o norman_n time_n the_o county_n court_v have_v they_o and_o there_o they_o be_v determine_v before_o the_o bishop_n and_o sheriff_n but_o the_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n be_v reduce_v to_o ecclesiastical_a court_n and_o the_o sheriff_n &_o the_o laity_n sequester_v from_o intermeddle_v the_o norman_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n in_o their_o own_o country_n reduce_v also_o the_o trial_n of_o right_n of_o advousons_n unto_o the_o supreme_a court_n partly_o because_o the_o king_n title_n be_v much_o concern_v therein_o and_o the_o norman_a lord_n no_o less_o but_o principal_o in_o regard_n that_o right_n require_v the_o consideration_n of_o such_o as_o be_v the_o most_o learned_a
in_o the_o law_n 2._o cap._n 2._o right_n of_o tithe_n of_o a_o lay_v fee_n or_o where_o the_o tenure_n be_v in_o question_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n court_n plea_n of_o debt_n by_o trothplight_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n court._n 3._o cap._n 3._o these_o be_v saxon_a law_n and_o do_v intimate_v that_o it_o be_v the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o clergy_n to_o get_v the_o sole_a cognisance_n of_o tithe_n because_o they_o be_v original_o their_o due_n and_o of_o the_o debt_n by_o trothplight_n because_o that_o oath_n seem_v to_o relate_v much_o to_o religion_n whereof_o they_o hold_v themselves_o the_o only_a professor_n the_o king_n justice_n shall_v reform_v errourr_n of_o ecclesiastical_a court_n and_o crime_n of_o ecclesiastical_a person_n 4._o cap._n 4._o appeal_v shall_v be_v from_o archdeacon_n court_n to_o the_o bishop_n court_n and_o thence_o to_o the_o archbishop_n court_n 5._o cap._n 5._o and_o thence_o to_o the_o king_n court_n and_o there_o the_o sentence_n to_o be_v final_a no_o man_n that_o ever_o be_v acquaint_v with_o antiquity_n will_v question_v that_o these_o be_v receive_v law_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n clarindon_n constit_fw-la at_o clarindon_n nor_o do_v the_o clergy_n ever_o quarrel_v they_o till_o the_o norman_n teach_v they_o by_o courtesy_n do_v to_o rome_n to_o expect_v more_o from_o king_n then_o for_o the_o present_a they_o will_v grant_v whereof_o see_v cap._n 47._o but_o king_n steven_n that_o be_v indebt_v to_o the_o clergy_n for_o his_o crown_n and_o can_v not_o otherwise_o content_v they_o part_v with_o this_o jewel_n of_o supreme_a power_n in_o cause_n ecclesiastical_a to_o the_o roman_a cognisance_n as_o have_v be_v already_o note_v but_o henry_n the_o second_o will_v none_o of_o this_o cheat_n at_o so_o easy_a a_o rate_n this_o strike_v so_o smart_a a_o blow_n as_o though_o the_o popedom_n have_v but_o new_o recover_v out_o of_o a_o paralitique_a schism_n yet_o see_v it_o so_o main_o concern_v the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o triple_a crown_n alexander_n the_o pope_n have_v late_o be_v blood_v against_o a_o brave_a emperor_n make_v the_o less_o difficulty_n to_o stickle_v with_o a_o valiant_a king_n who_o in_o conclusion_n be_v fain_o to_o yield_v up_o the_o buckler_n and_o let_v the_o pope_n hold_v what_o he_o have_v get_v notwithstanding_o against_o this_o law_n and_o all_o former_a law_n and_o custom_n and_o thus_o the_o pope_n supremacy_n in_o spiritual_a cause_n be_v secure_v both_o by_o a_o recovery_n and_o judgement_n by_o confession_n thereupon_o clarindon_n constit_fw-la at_o clarindon_n the_o king_n shall_v have_v vacance_n of_o church_n 6._o cap._n 6._o and_o power_n to_o elect_v by_o his_o secret_a council_n the_o party_n elect_v shall_v do_v homage_n salvo_fw-la ordine_fw-la and_o then_o shall_v be_v consecrate_v this_o certain_o be_v none_o of_o the_o best_a yet_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n not_o altogether_o against_o reason_n although_o not_o suitable_a to_o opinion_n of_o many_o yet_o we_o meet_v two_o alteration_n of_o the_o ancient_a custom_n first_o that_o the_o election_n shall_v be_v by_o the_o king_n and_o secret_a council_n whereas_o former_o the_o election_n of_o bishop_n and_o archbishop_n be_v of_o such_o public_a concernment_n as_o the_o parliament_n take_v cognisance_n thereof_o and_o that_o which_o be_v worse_a a_o council_n be_v hereby_o allow_v call_v a_o secret_a council_n which_o in_o effect_n be_v a_o council_n to_o serve_v the_o king_n private_a aim_n and_o unto_o this_o council_n power_n give_v in_o the_o order_n of_o the_o public_a affair_n without_o advice_n of_o the_o public_a council_n of_o lord_n which_o be_v the_o only_a council_n of_o state_n in_o former_a time_n and_o thus_o the_o public_a affair_n be_v make_v to_o correspond_v with_o the_o king_n private_a interest_n which_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o much_o irregularity_n in_o the_o government_n of_o this_o island_n ever_o since_o the_o second_o alteration_n rest_v in_o the_o salvo_fw-la which_o be_v a_o clause_n never_o former_o allow_v unless_o by_o practice_n in_o stevens_n time_n when_o as_o there_o be_v little_a regard_n of_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o nor_o do_v it_o concur_v with_o the_o file_n of_o story_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v insert_v within_o these_o constitution_n clarindon_n constit_fw-la at_o clarindon_n see_v that_o writer_n agree_v it_o be_v the_o chief_a cause_n of_o quarrel_n between_o he_o and_o becket_n who_o refuse_v submission_n without_o the_o clause_n and_o at_o which_o the_o king_n stooke_v with_o the_o archbishop_n for_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n which_o be_v six_o year_n after_o the_o constitution_n be_v consent_v unto_o and_o conclude_v upon_o 7._o cap._n 7._o no_o clergy_n man_n or_o other_o may_v depart_v the_o realm_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n it_o be_v a_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o must_v be_v agree_v on_o all_o hand_n that_o no_o reason_n of_o state_n can_v allow_v dispensation_n therein_o especial_o in_o a_o doubtful_a government_n where_o the_o supremacy_n be_v in_o dispute_n and_o this_o the_o wilful_a archbishop_n never_o question_v till_o he_o question_v all_o authority_n but_o in_o order_n to_o his_o own_o for_o but_o the_o year_n before_o when_o he_o go_v to_o turonn_n to_o the_o general_a council_n upon_o summons_n paris_n m._n paris_n he_o first_o obtain_v licence_n from_o the_o king_n before_o he_o go_v no_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n or_o interdiction_n to_o pass_v against_o the_o king_n tenant_n or_o any_o minister_n of_o state_n 8._o cap._n 8._o without_o licence_n first_o have_v of_o the_o king_n or_o his_o chief_a justice_n in_o the_o king_n absence_n till_o the_o conquest_n no_o excommunication_n pass_v without_o warrant_n of_o law_n make_v by_o the_o joint_a assembly_n of_o the_o laity_n and_o clergy_n but_o the_o conqueror_n have_v let_v loose_v the_o canon_n clarindon_n constit_fw-la at_o clarindon_n and_o the_o clergy_n have_v get_v the_o upper_a hand_n in_o counsel_n make_v canon_n as_o they_o please_v and_o so_o the_o laity_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o voluntary_a power_n of_o the_o canon_n cap._n vid._n cap._n only_o as_o well_o the_o norman_n as_o until_o these_o time_n king_n have_v save_v their_o own_o associate_n from_o that_o sudden_a blow_n and_o upon_o reason_n of_o religious_a observance_n lest_o the_o king_n shall_v converse_v with_o excommunicate_a person_n ere_o he_o be_v aware_a the_o laity_n be_v not_o to_o be_v proceed_v against_o in_o ecclesiastical_a court_n 9_o cap._n 9_o but_o upon_o proof_n by_o witness_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o where_o no_o witness_n be_v the_o sheriff_n shall_v try_v the_o matter_n by_o jury_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o bishop_n a_o negative_a law_n that_o impli_v another_o course_n be_v use_v upon_o light_a fame_n or_o suspicion_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la although_o the_o oath_n at_o that_o time_n be_v not_o bear_v into_o the_o world_n and_o that_o all_o this_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o it_o intimate_v a_o ground_n of_o prohibition_n in_o all_o such_o case_n upon_o the_o common_a law_n which_o also_o be_v the_o ancient_a course_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n as_o have_v be_v former_o note_v excommunicate_v person_n shall_v be_v compel_v only_o to_o give_v pledge_n and_o not_o oath_n 10._o cap._n 10._o or_o bail_v to_o stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o church_n upon_o the_o take_n and_o imprison_v of_o the_o party_n excommunicate_a clarindon_n constit_fw-la at_o clarindon_n the_o course_n ancient_o be_v it_o seem_v to_o give_v pledge_n to_o stand_v to_o order_n of_o this_o the_o bishop_n be_v weary_a soon_o as_o it_o seem_v and_o therefore_o wave_v it_o and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o other_o invention_n of_o their_o own_o viz._n to_o bind_v they_o by_o oath_n or_o bail_n both_o which_o be_v contrary_a to_o law_n for_o no_o oath_n be_v to_o be_v administer_v but_o by_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o do_v it_o belong_v to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n to_o order_v oath_n or_o bail_n and_o therefore_o this_o law_n become_v a_o ground_n of_o prohibition_n in_o such_o case_n and_o of_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr cautione_n admittenda_fw-la 11._o cap._n 11._o person_n cite_v and_o make_v default_n may_v be_v interdict_v and_o the_o king_n officer_n shall_v compel_v he_o to_o obey_v if_o the_o king_n officer_n make_v default_n he_o shall_v be_v amerce_v and_o then_o the_o party_n interdict_v may_v be_v excommunicate_v so_o as_o the_o process_n in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n be_v to_o be_v regulate_v according_a to_o law_n nor_o do_v it_o lie_v in_o the_o power_n of_o such_o court_n to_o order_v their_o own_o way_n or_o to_o scatter_v the_o censure_n of_o excommunication_n according_a to_o their_o own_o like_n this_o together_o with_o all_o those_o that_o forego_v the_o archbishop_n upon_o his_o repentance_n absolute_o
the_o clergyman_n then_o his_o richard_n be_v yet_o a_o great_a burden_n his_o reign_n be_v troublesome_a to_o he_o and_o he_o deserve_v it_o for_o from_o the_o begin_n thereof_o to_o the_o end_n can_v never_o the_o guilt_n of_o his_o disobedience_n to_o his_o father_n be_v blot_v out_o but_o it_o be_v more_o troublesome_a to_o the_o people_n because_o it_o cost_v so_o much_o treasure_n be_v manage_v by_o such_o ill_a governor_n except_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o be_v unsuccesfull_a in_o most_o of_o his_o undertake_n yet_o never_o invade_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o commons_o by_o any_o face_n of_o prerogative_n but_o what_o want_v in_o he_o be_v make_v complete_a and_o run_v over_o in_o his_o successor_n john_n who_o to_o speak_v in_o the_o most_o moderate_a sense_n of_o his_o government_n be_v give_v over_o to_o himself_o when_o he_o be_v not_o himself_o rob_v the_o lord_n of_o their_o authority_n bereave_v the_o church_n of_o its_o right_n tread_v under_o foot_n the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n waste_v his_o own_o prerogative_n and_o have_v bring_v all_o thing_n into_o despair_n come_v a_o desperate_a cure_n the_o head_n be_v cut_v off_o to_o save_v the_o body_n and_o a_o precedent_n leave_v for_o they_o that_o listen_v to_o take_v it_o up_o in_o future_a age_n and_o thus_o that_o which_o steven_n give_v henry_n the_o second_o lose_v richard_n the_o first_o will_v not_o regain_v and_o john_n can_v not_o and_o so_o all_o be_v gainer_n but_o the_o crown_n chap._n lxi_o of_o judicature_n the_o court_n and_o their_o judge_n it_o be_v no_o silent_a argument_n that_o the_o commons_o gain_v where_o law_n grow_v into_o course_n and_o it_o be_v the_o lot_n of_o these_o troublesome_a time_n to_o lay_v a_o foundation_n of_o a_o constant_a government_n such_o as_o all_o man_n may_v learn_v which_o former_o be_v lay_v up_o only_o in_o the_o breast_n of_o wise_a experience_a man_n the_o two_o most_o considerable_a point_n in_o government_n be_v the_o law_n and_o the_o execution_n the_o latter_a be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o former_a and_o that_o of_o the_o commonweal_n i_o say_v not_o that_o the_o law_n be_v augment_v in_o the_o body_n of_o it_o or_o that_o the_o execution_n have_v a_o free_a course_n than_o in_o the_o best_a of_o the_o former_a time_n but_o both_o be_v more_o and_o more_o clear_v to_o the_o world_n in_o many_o particular_n as_o well_o touch_v matter_n concern_v practice_n of_o the_o law_n as_o touch_v rule_n of_o righteousness_n for_o the_o first_o whereof_o we_o be_v behold_v to_o glanvile_n in_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n and_o for_o the_o latter_a to_o king_n john_n or_o rather_o the_o baron_n in_o his_o time_n in_o the_o publish_n of_o the_o grand_a charter_n or_o a_o enumeration_n of_o the_o liberty_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n derive_v from_o the_o saxon_n revive_v continue_a and_o confirm_v by_o the_o norman_n and_o their_o successor_n which_o for_o the_o present_a i_o shall_v leave_v in_o lance_n dubio_fw-la to_o stand_v or_o fall_v till_o occasion_n shall_v be_v of_o clear_v the_o point_n in_o regard_n that_o king_n john_n soon_o repent_v of_o his_o oath_n the_o bond_n of_o his_o consent_n and_o to_o heal_v the_o wound_n get_v the_o pope_n pardon_n and_o blessing_n thereupon_o so_o easy_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v for_o a_o son_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n to_o pass_v for_o a_o good_a catholic_a in_o a_o unrighteous_a way_n the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n be_v do_v in_o several_a court_n according_a to_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o affair_n whereof_o some_o concern_v matter_n of_o crime_n &_o penalty_n and_o this_o touch_v the_o king_n honour_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o person_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o subject_n and_o therefore_o be_v say_v to_o be_v contra_fw-la coronam_fw-la &_o dignitatem_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o second_o sort_n concern_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o crown_n or_o treasure_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o three_o concern_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o people_n these_o three_o work_n be_v appoint_v unto_o three_o several_a court_n who_o have_v their_o several_a judge_n especial_o appoint_v to_o that_o work_n original_o they_o be_v in_o one_o viz._n in_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n the_o court_n of_o lord_n whereof_o former_o be_v speak_v but_o after_o through_o increase_n of_o affair_n by_o they_o depute_v or_o commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o several_a man_n that_o be_v man_n of_o skill_n in_o such_o affair_n and_o yet_o retain_v the_o supremacy_n in_o all_o such_o cause_n still_o and_o because_o that_o which_o concern_v the_o public_a treasure_n be_v of_o more_o public_a regard_n then_o the_o other_o the_o deputation_n thereof_o be_v commit_v probable_o to_o some_o of_o their_o own_o member_n gloss_n gloss_n who_o in_o those_o day_n be_v baron_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o afterward_o retain_v the_o title_n but_o not_o the_o degree_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v for_o distinction_n sake_n baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n the_o particular_a time_n of_o these_o deputation_n appear_v not_o clear_o out_o of_o any_o monument_n of_o antiquity_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v clear_a to_o i_o that_o it_o be_v before_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n as_o well_o because_o henry_n the_o first_o have_v his_o judex_n fiscalis_fw-la 24._o ll._n hen._n 1._o c_o 24._o as_o glanvile_n so_o frequent_o touch_v upon_o the_o king_n court_n of_o plea_n which_o can_v be_v intend_v at_o the_o court_n of_o lord_n for_o that_o in_o those_o day_n be_v never_o summon_v but_o in_o time_n of_o parliament_n or_o some_o other_o special_a occasion_n but_o more_o principal_o because_o the_o historian_n speak_v of_o the_o judge_n itinerant_a recite_v some_o to_o be_v of_o the_o common_a plea_n hoveden_n hoveden_n which_o show_v that_o there_o be_v in_o those_o day_n a_o distinction_n of_o jurisdiction_n in_o judicature_n and_o it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v conceive_v that_o this_o distinction_n of_o judicature_n be_v by_o advice_n of_o the_o parliament_n after_o that_o the_o grand_a council_n of_o lord_n be_v lay_v aside_o by_o king_n and_o a_o privy_a council_n take_v up_o unto_o who_o can_v not_o regular_o belong_v any_o juridical_a power_n because_o that_o remain_v original_o in_o the_o grand_a assembly_n of_o the_o lord_n over_o these_o court_n or_o two_o of_o they_o one_o man_n have_v the_o prime_a title_n of_o chief_a justice_n who_o then_o be_v call_v lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o who_o office_n be_v much_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o king_n lieutenant_n in_o all_o cause_n and_o place_n as_o well_o in_o war_n as_o peace_n and_o sometime_o be_v appoint_v to_o one_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o by_o reason_n thereof_o have_v the_o name_n only_o of_o that_o part_n and_o some_o other_o of_o the_o other_o part_n the_o greatness_n of_o this_o office_n be_v such_o as_o the_o man_n for_o necessity_n of_o state_n be_v continual_o resident_a at_o the_o court_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o king_n court_n be_v much_o attend_v by_o all_o sort_n of_o person_n which_o prove_v in_o after_o time_n as_o grievous_a to_o the_o king_n as_o it_o be_v burdensome_a to_o the_o people_n other_o judge_n there_o be_v which_o be_v choose_v for_o their_o learning_n and_o experience_n most_o of_o they_o be_v of_o the_o clergy_n as_o be_v also_o the_o under_o officer_n of_o those_o court_n for_o those_o time_n be_v rome_n hour_n and_o the_o power_n of_o darkness_n other_o court_n also_o be_v in_o the_o country_n and_o be_v vicontiel_n or_o cours_n of_o sheriff_n and_o lord_n of_o hundred_o and_o corporation_n and_o lordship_n as_o former_o and_o these_o be_v settle_v in_o some_o place_n hoveden_n hoveden_n but_o other_o there_o be_v which_o werr_v itinerant_a over_o which_o certain_a judge_n preside_v which_o be_v elect_v by_o the_o grand_a council_n of_o lord_n and_o send_v by_o commission_n from_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o throughout_o the_o kingdom_n then_o divide_v into_o six_o circuit_n unto_o each_o of_o which_o be_v assign_v three_o justice_n so_o as_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o justice_n than_o be_v eighteen_o the_o office_n be_v before_o the_o come_n of_o the_o saxon_n over_o hither_o but_o the_o assignation_n be_v new_a as_o also_o be_v their_o oath_n for_o they_o be_v swear_v but_o the_o number_n continue_v not_o long_o for_o within_o four_o year_n the_o king_n redivide_v the_o land_n into_o four_o circuit_n and_o unto_o each_o circuit_n assign_v five_o justice_n make_v in_o the_o whole_a the_o number_n of_o twenty_o and_o one_o justice_n for_o the_o northern_a circuit_n have_v six_o justice_n which_o the_o king_n make_v justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n 445._o hoveden_n 337._o ibid._n 445._o neither_o yet_o do_v the_o first_o commission_n continue_v so_o long_o
as_o four_o year_n for_o within_o that_o time_n richard_n lucy_n one_o of_o the_o justice_n have_v renounce_v his_o office_n and_o betake_v himself_o to_o a_o cloister_n and_o yet_o be_v neither_o name_n in_o the_o first_o commission_n nor_o in_o the_o latter_a nor_o do_v the_o last_o commission_n continue_v five_o year_n 1184._o hoved._n an._n 1184._o for_o within_o that_o time_n ralph_n glanvile_n remove_v from_o the_o northern_a circuit_n to_o that_o of_o worcester_n as_o by_o the_o story_n of_o sir_n gilbert_n plumpton_n may_v appear_v though_o little_a to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o of_o that_o judge_n however_o his_o book_n commend_v he_o to_o posterity_n i_o take_v it_o upon_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o reporter_n 33_o co._n jurisd_v c._n 33_o that_o this_o itinerary_a judicature_n be_v settle_v to_o hold_v every_o seven_o year_n but_o i_o find_v no_o monument_n thereof_o before_o these_o day_n as_o touch_v their_o power_n certain_o it_o be_v in_o point_n of_o judicature_n as_o large_a as_o that_o of_o the_o court_n of_o lord_n though_o not_o so_o high_a it_o be_v as_o large_a because_o they_o have_v cognisance_n of_o all_o cause_n both_o concern_v the_o crown_n and_o common_a plea_n and_o among_o those_o of_o the_o crown_n this_o only_a i_o shall_v note_v that_o all_o manner_n of_o falsehood_n be_v inquirable_a by_o those_o judge_n which_o after_o come_v to_o be_v much_o invade_v by_o the_o clergy_n 7._o hoveden_n glanvil_n l._n 14._o c._n 7._o i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o of_o this_o but_o that_o in_o their_o original_n these_o iter_n be_v little_a other_o than_o visitation_n of_o the_o country_n by_o the_o grand_a council_n of_o lord_n nor_o shall_v i_o add_v any_o thing_n concern_v the_o vicontiel_n court_v and_o other_o inferior_a but_o what_o i_o find_v in_o glanvile_n that_o though_o robbery_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n court_n 2._o glanv_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o yet_o theft_n belong_v to_o the_o sheriff_n court_n and_o if_o the_o lord_n court_n intercept_v not_o all_o battery_n and_o wound_n unless_o in_o the_o complaint_n they_o be_v charge_v to_o be_v do_v contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la the_o like_a also_o of_o inferior_a trespass_n 10._o idem_fw-la lib._n 9_o &_o 10._o beside_o common_a plea_n whereof_o more_o shall_v follow_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v chap._n lxii_o of_o certain_a law_n of_o judicature_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o and_o hereof_o i_o shall_v note_v only_o a_o few_o as_o well_o touch_v matter_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o of_o property_n be_v desirous_a to_o observe_v the_o change_n of_o law_n with_o the_o time_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o growth_n thereof_o to_o that_o pitch_n which_o in_o these_o time_n it_o have_v attain_v we_o can_v find_v in_o any_o story_n that_o the_o saxon_a church_n be_v infest_a with_o any_o heresy_n from_o their_o first_o entrance_n till_o this_o present_a generation_n the_o first_o and_o last_o heresy_n heresy_n 1._o heresy_n that_o ever_o trouble_a this_o island_n be_v inbred_a by_o pelagius_n but_o that_o be_v among_o the_o briton_n and_o be_v first_o batter_v by_o the_o council_n or_o synod_n under_o germanus_n but_o afterward_o suppress_v by_o the_o zeal_n of_o the_o saxon_n who_o like_v nothing_o of_o the_o british_a breed_n and_o for_o who_o sake_n it_o suffer_v more_o happy_o then_o for_o the_o foulness_n of_o the_o opinion_n the_o saxon_a church_n leaven_v from_o rome_n for_o the_o space_n of_o above_o five_o hundred_o year_n hold_v on_o its_o course_n without_o any_o intermission_n by_o cross_a doctrine_n spring_v up_o 585._o hoved._n 585._o till_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o then_o enter_v a_o sect_n who_o they_o call_v publican_n but_o be_v the_o albigenses_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o pope_n alexander_n who_o opinion_n i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v my_o course_n with_o but_o it_o seem_v they_o be_v such_o as_o cross_v their_o way_n and_z henry_n the_o second_o make_v the_o first_o precedent_n of_o punish_v heresy_n in_o this_o kingdom_n under_z the_o name_n of_o this_o sect_n who_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v bring_v before_o a_o council_n of_o bishop_n 13._o nubrig_n l._n 2._o cap._n 13._o who_o endeavour_v to_o convince_v they_o of_o their_o error_n but_o fail_v therein_o they_o pronounce_v they_o heretic_n and_o deliver_v they_o over_o to_o the_o lay_v power_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o be_v brand_v in_o the_o forehead_n whip_v and_o expose_v to_o extremity_n of_o the_o cold_a according_a to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o church_n die_v 585._o decret_a papae_fw-la alexand._n hoveden_n 585._o this_o be_v the_o manner_n and_o punishment_n of_o heretic_n in_o this_o kingdom_n in_o those_o day_n albeit_o it_o seem_v they_o be_v then_o decree_v to_o be_v burn_v in_o other_o country_n if_o that_o relation_n of_o cogshall_n be_v true_a which_o picardus_n note_v upon_o the_o 13_o chapter_n of_o the_o history_n of_o william_n of_o newberry_n out_o of_o which_o i_o have_v insert_v this_o relation_n another_o case_n we_o meet_v with_o in_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n concern_v apostasy_n 9_o 2._o apostasy_n bracton_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 9_o which_o be_v a_o crime_n that_o as_o it_o seem_v die_v as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v bear_v for_o beside_o that_o one_o we_o find_v not_o second_v thereto_o in_o all_o the_o file_n of_o english_a story_n the_o particular_a be_v that_o a_o clerk_n have_v renounce_v his_o baptism_n and_o turn_v jew_n and_o for_o this_o be_v convict_v by_o a_o council_n of_o bishop_n at_o oxford_n and_o be_v burn_v so_o as_o we_o have_v apostasy_n punish_v with_o death_n and_o heresy_n with_o a_o punishment_n that_o prove_v mortal_a and_o the_o manner_n of_o conviction_n of_o both_o by_o a_o council_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o deliver_v over_o to_o the_o lay_v power_n who_o certain_o proceed_v according_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o canon_n or_o advice_n of_o the_o council_n these_o if_o no_o more_o be_v sufficient_a to_o demonstrate_v the_o grow_a power_n of_o the_o clergy_n however_o brave_a the_o king_n be_v against_o all_o his_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n treason_n treason_n 3._o treason_n be_v ancient_o use_v only_a as_o a_o crime_n of_o breach_n of_o trust_n or_o fealty_n as_o have_v be_v already_o note_v now_o it_o grow_v into_o a_o sad_a temper_n and_o be_v make_v all_o one_o with_o that_o of_o laesa_fw-la majestas_fw-la and_o that_o majesty_n that_o now_o a_o day_n be_v wrap_v up_o whole_o in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n be_v in_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n impart_v to_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n as_o in_o the_o first_o time_n it_o be_v more_o relate_v to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o glanvile_n in_o his_o book_n of_o law_n speak_v of_o the_o wound_n of_o majesty_n exemplify_v sedition_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o be_v in_o equal_a degree_n a_o 2._o lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o wound_n of_o majesty_n 1._o lib._n 10._o cap._n 1._o with_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n and_o then_o he_o name_v sedition_n in_o the_o army_n and_o fraudulent_a conversion_n of_o treasure_n trove_v which_o proper_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n all_o which_o he_o say_v be_v punish_v with_o death_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o estate_n and_o corruption_n of_o blood_n for_o so_o i_o take_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n in_o relation_n to_o what_o ensue_v felony_n felony_n 4._o felony_n of_o manslaughter_n burn_v robbery_n ravishment_n and_o fausonry_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v with_o loss_n of_o member_n and_o estate_n this_o be_v the_o law_n derive_v from_o the_o norman_n and_o according_o be_v the_o direction_n in_o the_o charge_n give_v to_o the_o justice_n itinerant_a in_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n as_o appear_v in_o hoveden_n but_o treason_n or_o treachery_n against_o the_o oath_n fealty_n 25._o ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 25._o or_o bond_n of_o allegiance_n as_o of_o the_o servant_n against_o the_o lord_n be_v punish_v with_o certain_a and_o with_o painful_a death_n and_o therefore_o though_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o king_n be_v treason_n yet_o the_o murder_n of_o his_o son_n be_v no_o other_o than_o as_o of_o another_o man_n unless_o it_o arise_v from_o those_o of_o his_o own_o servant_n 79_o ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 79_o the_o penalty_n of_o loss_n of_o estate_n be_v common_a both_o to_o treason_n and_o felony_n it_o reach_v even_o unto_o theft_n in_o which_o case_n the_o forfeiture_n as_o to_o the_o moveable_n 17._o glanvil_n lib._n 7._o cap._n 17._o be_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n unto_o who_o cognisance_n the_o case_n do_v belong_v and_o the_o land_n go_v to_o the_o lord_n immediate_o and_o not_o to_o the_o king_n but_o in_o all_o case_n of_o felony_n &_o of_o
sound_v as_o much_o as_o if_o the_o tenant_n be_v bind_v by_o their_o tenor_n to_o aid_v their_o lord_n in_o all_o case_n of_o extraordinary_a charge_n save_v that_o the_o lord_n can_v not_o distrain_v his_o tenant_n for_o aid_n to_o his_o war_n and_o this_o according_a to_o the_o lord_n discretion_n ibid._n ibid._n for_o glanvile_n 8_o glanv_n l._n 9_o c._n 8_o say_v that_o the_o law_n determine_v nothing_o concern_v the_o quantity_n or_o value_n of_o these_o aid_n these_o be_v the_o norman_a way_n and_o savour_v so_o much_o of_o lordship_n that_o within_o that_o age_n they_o be_v regulate_v but_o that_o of_o relief_n be_v a_o ancient_a sacrifice_n as_o of_o first_o fruit_n of_o the_o tenement_n to_o the_o lord_n in_o memorial_n of_o the_o first_o lord_n favour_n in_o confer_v that_o tenement_n ibid._n ibid._n and_o it_o be_v first_o settle_v in_o the_o saxon_n time_n the_o lord_n privilege_n of_o power_n extend_v so_o far_o as_o to_o distrain_v his_o tenant_n into_o his_o own_o court_n to_o answer_v to_o himself_o in_o all_o cause_n that_o concern_v his_o right_n and_o so_o the_o lord_n become_v both_o judge_n and_o party_n which_o be_v soon_o feel_v and_o prevent_v as_o shall_v appear_v hereafter_o another_o privilege_n of_o the_o lord_n power_n be_v over_o the_o tenant_n heir_n after_o the_o tenant_n death_n in_o the_o dispose_n of_o the_o body_n during_o the_o minority_n and_o marriage_n of_o the_o same_o as_o touch_v the_o dispose_n of_o the_o body_n the_o lord_n either_o retain_v the_o same_o in_o his_o own_o power_n 7.10_o glanv_n 7.10_o or_o commit_v the_o same_o to_o other_o and_o this_o be_v do_v either_o pleno_fw-la jure_fw-la or_o render_v a_o account_n 12._o ibid._n c._n 12._o as_o concern_v the_o marriage_n of_o the_o female_n that_o be_v heir_n or_o so_o apparent_a the_o parent_n in_o their_o life_n time_n can_v marry_v they_o without_o the_o lord_n consent_n nor_o may_v they_o marry_v themselves_o after_o their_o parent_n death_n without_o the_o same_o and_o the_o lord_n be_v bind_v to_o give_v their_o consent_n unless_o they_o can_v show_v cause_n to_o the_o contrary_n the_o like_a also_o of_o the_o tenant_n widow_n that_o have_v any_o dowry_n in_o the_o land_n of_o such_o tenure_n and_o by_o such_o like_a mean_n as_o these_o the_o power_n of_o the_o baron_n grow_v to_o that_o height_n that_o in_o the_o lump_n it_o be_v too_o massy_a both_o for_o prince_n and_o commons_o 14._o 14._o of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o last_o will._n it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n that_o at_o the_o common_a law_n no_o man_n can_v devise_v his_o land_n by_o his_o last_n will_n if_o thereby_o it_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v against_o common_a reason_n i_o shall_v not_o touch_v that_o but_o if_o against_o custom_n of_o the_o ancient_a time_n i_o must_v suspend_v my_o concurrence_n therewith_o until_o those_o ancient_a time_n be_v define_v for_o as_o yet_o i_o find_v no_o testimony_n sufficient_a to_o assert_v that_o opinion_n but_o rather_o that_o the_o time_n hitherto_o have_v a_o sacred_a opinion_n of_o the_o last_o will_n as_o of_o the_o most_o serious_a sincere_a and_o advise_v declaration_n of_o the_o most_o inward_a desire_n of_o a_o man_n which_o be_v the_o main_a thing_n look_v unto_o in_o all_o conveyance_n voluntas_fw-la donatoris_fw-la de_fw-la cetero_fw-la observetur_fw-la and_o therefore_o nothing_o be_v more_o ordinary_a then_o for_o king_n in_o these_o time_n as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o do_v lie_v to_o dispose_v of_o their_o crown_n by_o their_o last_o will._n 3._o m._n paris_n an._n 1216._o hoveden_n an._n 1199._o malmsb._n nov_n l._n 1._o malmsb._n l._n 3._o thus_o king_n john_n appoint_v henry_n the_o three_o his_o successor_n and_o richard_n the_o first_o devise_v the_o crown_n to_o king_n john_n and_z henry_n the_o first_o give_v all_o his_o land_n to_o his_o daughter_n and_o william_n the_o conqueror_n by_o his_o last_o will_n give_v normandy_n to_o robert_n england_n to_o william_n and_o to_o henry_n his_o mother_n land_n if_o then_o thing_n of_o great_a moment_n under_o heaven_n be_v ordinary_o dispose_v by_o the_o last_o will_n be_v it_o then_o probable_a that_o the_o small_a free_a hold_n shall_v be_v of_o too_o high_a esteem_n to_o be_v credit_v to_o such_o conveyance_n i_o will_v not_o be_v mistake_v as_o if_o i_o think_v that_o crown_n and_o empire_n be_v at_o the_o disposal_n of_o the_o last_o will_n of_o the_o possessor_n nor_o do_v i_o think_v that_o either_o they_o be_v thus_o in_o this_o kingdom_n or_o that_o there_o be_v any_o reason_n that_o can_v patronize_v that_o opinion_n yet_o it_o will_v be_v apparent_a that_o king_n have_v no_o sleight_n conceit_n of_o the_o last_o will_n and_o know_v no_o such_o infirmity_n in_o that_o manner_n of_o conveyance_n as_o be_v pretend_v or_o else_o will_v they_o never_o have_v spend_v that_o little_a breath_n leave_v they_o in_o vain_a 5._o glanvil_n l._n 7._o cap._n 1_o &_o 5._o i_o have_v observe_v the_o word_n of_o glanvile_n concern_v this_o point_n and_o i_o can_v find_v that_o he_o positive_o deni_v all_o conveyance_n of_o land_n by_o will_n but_o only_o in_o case_n of_o disherison_n the_o ground_n whereof_o be_v because_o its_o contrary_a to_o the_o conveyance_n of_o the_o law_n and_o yet_o in_o that_o case_n also_o allow_v of_o a_o dispose_n power_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o heir_n which_o can_v never_o make_v good_a conveyance_n if_o the_o will_n in_o that_o case_n be_v absolute_o void_a and_o therefore_o his_o authority_n lie_v not_o in_o the_o way_n nor_o do_v the_o particular_a custom_n of_o place_n discountenance_v but_o rather_o advance_v this_o opinion_n for_o if_o devise_v of_o land_n be_v incident_a to_o the_o tenure_n in_o gavell_n kind_a and_o that_o so_o general_a in_o old_a time_n as_o also_o to_o the_o burgage_n tenor_n 61._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 61._o which_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o corporation_n and_o city_n vbi_fw-la leges_fw-la angliae_fw-la deperiri_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la nec_fw-la defraudari_fw-la nec_fw-la violari_fw-la how_o can_v it_o be_v say_v contrary_a to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o therefore_o those_o conveyance_n of_o land_n by_o last_o will_n that_o be_v in_o and_o after_o these_o time_n hold_v in_o use_n seem_v to_o i_o rather_o remnant_n of_o the_o more_o general_a custom_n waste_v by_o positive_a law_n then_o particular_a custom_n grow_v up_o against_o the_o common_a rule_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o clergy_n put_v a_o power_n into_o the_o pope_n to_o alter_v the_o law_n 587._o m._n paris_n an._n 1181._o hove_v an._n 1181._o decret_n alex._n pap_n hoveden_n foe_fw-mi 587._o as_o touch_v themselves_o in_o some_o case_n for_o roger_n archbishop_n of_o york_n procure_v a_o faculty_n from_o the_o pope_n to_o ordain_v that_o no_o ecclesiastical_a person_n will_v shall_v be_v good_a unless_o make_v in_o health_n and_o not_o lie_v in_o extremity_n and_o that_o in_o such_o case_n the_o archbishop_n shall_v possess_v himself_o of_o all_o such_o party_n good_n but_o as_o it_o last_v not_o long_o so_o be_v himself_o make_v a_o precedent_n in_o the_o case_n for_o be_v overtake_v with_o death_n ere_o he_o be_v provide_v he_o make_v his_o will_n in_o his_o sickness_n and_o henry_n the_o second_o possess_v himself_o of_o his_o estate_n and_o it_o be_v as_o true_a that_o femme_fw-fr covert_n in_o these_o day_n can_v make_v no_o will_n of_o their_o reasonable_a part_n 16._o glanv_n l._n 7._o cap._n 5_o &_o 16._o because_o by_o the_o saxon_a law_n it_o belong_v joint_o to_o the_o child_n nor_o can_v usurer_n continue_v in_o that_o course_n at_o the_o time_n of_o their_o death_n make_v their_o will_n because_o their_o personal_a estate_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n after_o their_o death_n and_o their_o land_n to_o their_o lord_n by_o escheat_n although_o before_o death_n they_o lie_v open_a to_o no_o censure_n of_o law_n but_o this_o be_v by_o a_o especial_a law_n make_v since_o the_o conqueror_n time_n for_o by_o the_o saxon_a law_n they_o be_v repute_v as_o outlaw_n nevertheless_o all_o these_o do_v but_o strengthen_v the_o general_a rule_n 37._o ll._n edw._n 37._o viz._n that_o regular_o the_o last_o will_n be_v hold_v in_o the_o general_a a_o good_a conveyance_n in_o law_n if_o the_o will_n be_v only_o intend_v and_o not_o perfect_v or_o no_o will_n be_v make_v than_o the_o land_n pass_v by_o descent_n and_o the_o good_n hold_v course_n according_a to_o the_o saxon_a law_n 8._o glanv_n l._n 7._o c._n 6._o cap._n 8._o viz._n the_o next_o kinsman_n and_o friend_n of_o the_o intestate_a do_v administer_v and_o as_o administrator_n they_o may_v sue_v by_o writ_n out_o of_o the_o king_n court_n although_o the_o clergy_n have_v now_o obtain_v so_o much_o power_n as_o for_o the_o recovery_n of_o a_o legacy_n or_o for_o the_o determine_n
they_o irrecoverable_o thus_o favourite_n instead_o of_o cement_n between_o prince_n and_o people_n become_v rock_n of_o offence_n bring_v ruin_n sometime_o to_o all_o but_o always_o to_o themselves_o the_o king_n foresee_v the_o storm_n and_o think_v it_o safe_a first_o to_o cry_v truce_n with_o the_o people_n and_o come_v to_o agreement_n with_o they_o by_o common_a consent_n 2._o prerog_n reg._n 17_o edw._n 2._o for_o the_o extent_n of_o his_o prerogative_n in_o certain_a particular_a case_n questionable_a and_o this_o sum_v up_o become_v a_o statute_n for_o future_a time_n to_o be_v a_o ne_fw-fr plus_fw-la ultra_fw-la between_o the_o king_n and_o people_n homage_n stat._n the_o homage_n the_o like_a agreement_n likewise_o be_v concern_v service_n of_o tenant_n to_o their_o lord_n and_o a_o oath_n frame_v to_o vindicate_v they_o from_o all_o encroachment_n templar_n stat._n templar_n and_o something_o be_v do_v to_o calm_v the_o clergy_n for_o the_o demolish_n of_o the_o templar_n knight_n but_o the_o wound_n be_v incurable_a word_n be_v not_o believe_v if_o action_n do_v not_o succeed_v nor_o will_v oath_n now_o make_v to_o bind_v king_n bishop_n councillor_n of_o state_n sheriff_n major_n bailiff_n or_o judge_n to_o justice_n nor_o direction_n for_o regulate_v of_o court_n nor_o ordinance_n against_o false_a money_n and_o weight_n nor_o all_o of_o they_o settle_v the_o people_n but_o they_o adhere_v to_o the_o queen_n burn_v with_o jealousy_n against_o the_o king_n and_o both_o herself_o and_o the_o lord_n with_o rage_n against_o the_o spencer_n the_o king_n fly_v and_o be_v forsake_v of_o the_o people_n the_o lord_n the_o clergy_n his_o own_o son_n and_o the_o wife_n of_o his_o own_o bosom_n and_o of_o god_n himself_o as_o the_o most_o absolute_a abject_a that_o ever_o sway_v sceptre_n lose_v the_o same_o and_o be_v make_v a_o monument_n of_o god_n revenge_n upon_o inordinate_a desire_n in_o a_o king_n and_o of_o the_o english_a people_n be_v enrage_v not_o long_o survive_v his_o demise_n he_o die_v a_o death_n meet_v to_o be_v forever_o blot_v out_o of_o the_o thought_n of_o all_o subject_n but_o to_o be_v have_v in_o everlasting_a remembrance_n of_o all_o king_n for_o if_o a_o kingdom_n or_o parliament_n mislead_v the_o king_n at_o the_o worst_a he_o be_v but_o mislead_v by_o his_o council_n but_o if_o he_o be_v draw_v aside_o by_o favourite_n he_o must_v thank_v his_o own_o lust_n in_o the_o one_o he_o have_v but_o the_o least_o share_n in_o the_o burden_n in_o the_o other_o he_o must_v bear_v the_o whole_a chap._n lxv_o of_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n till_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o now_o be_v prerogative_n mount_v up_o to_o the_o high_a pitch_n or_o endeavour_v so_o to_o be_v either_o through_o the_o weakness_n or_o power_n of_o these_o king_n of_o who_o the_o first_o and_o last_o have_v little_a to_o ground_n upon_o but_o their_o own_o will_n and_o the_o other_o i_o mean_v edward_n the_o first_o have_v more_o wisdom_n and_o power_n but_o be_v otherways_o distract_v by_o foreign_a and_o more_o urgent_a employment_n so_o as_o the_o work_n faint_v before_o it_o come_v to_o its_o full_a period_n the_o contest_v be_v between_o the_o king_n and_o baron_n who_o till_o those_o day_n be_v rather_o the_o great_a and_o rich_a sort_n of_o man_n than_o peer_n although_o they_o also_o be_v of_o the_o number_n i_o be_o not_o so_o sharp_a sight_v as_o to_o reach_v the_o utmost_a intention_n of_o the_o lord_n but_o their_o pretence_n be_v of_o such_o public_a nature_n as_o its_o plain_a that_o if_o their_o private_a interest_n be_v wrap_v up_o therein_o they_o be_v inseparable_a and_o i_o shall_v never_o quarrel_v the_o lord_n aim_v at_o private_a respect_n whenas_o its_o plain_a the_o public_a be_v so_o important_o concern_v and_o yet_o i_o will_v not_o justify_v all_o that_o i_o find_v write_v concern_v their_o word_n and_o action_n 1217._o m_o paris_n an._n 1217._o the_o speech_n of_o the_o e._n of_o cornwall_n to_o his_o elder_a brother_n and_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o i_o will_v neither_o render_v up_o my_o castle_n nor_o depart_v the_o kingdom_n but_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o peer_n and_o of_o simon_n the_o e._n of_o leicester_n to_o the_o same_o king_n that_o he_o lie_v and_o be_v he_o not_o a_o king_n the_o earl_n will_v make_v he_o repent_v his_o word_n and_o of_o the_o lord_n that_o they_o will_v drive_v the_o king_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o elect_v another_o and_o of_o the_o e._n martial_n to_o edward_n the_o first_o that_o he_o will_v neither_o go_v into_o gascon_a nor_o hang_v &_o such_o other_o do_v savour_n of_o passion_n especial_o that_o of_o the_o e._n of_o leicester_n and_o the_o lord_n and_o may_v seem_v harsh_a and_o unmannerly_a and_o yet_o may_v admit_v of_o some_o allay_v if_o the_o general_a rudeness_n of_o the_o time_n the_o king_n injurious_a provocation_n and_o the_o passion_n of_o colerick_a man_n be_v weigh_v together_o yet_o will_v not_o all_o these_o trench_n upon_o the_o cause_n nor_o render_v the_o state_n of_o the_o lord_n too_o high_a or_o disproportionable_a to_o their_o place_n in_o the_o policy_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n as_o thing_n than_o stand_v i_o say_v it_o be_v not_o disproportionable_a for_o where_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o king_n be_v mount_v up_o to_o such_o a_o pitch_n as_o to_o be_v above_o law_n the_o lord_n exceed_v not_o their_o place_n in_o press_v he_o with_o their_o counsel_n to_o conform_v to_o the_o law_n and_o in_o maintain_v that_o trust_n that_o be_v repose_v in_o they_o in_o keep_v off_o such_o sinister_a counsel_n and_o invasion_n as_o may_v violate_v the_o law_n and_o liberty_n or_o hinder_v the_o currant_n of_o justice_n concern_v which_o i_o shall_v short_o state_n the_o case_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o censure_n of_o other_o the_o government_n of_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n in_o their_o original_n be_v democraticall_a mix_v with_o a_o aristocracy_n if_o any_o credit_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o that_o little_a light_n of_o history_n that_o be_v leave_v unto_o we_o from_o those_o ancient_a time_n afterward_o when_o they_o swarm_v from_o their_o hive_n in_o foreign_a part_n and_o come_v over_o hither_o they_o come_v in_o a_o warlike_a manner_n under_o one_o conductor_n who_o they_o call_v a_o king_n who_o power_n whatever_o in_o the_o war_n yet_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n be_v not_o of_o that_o height_n as_o to_o rule_v alone_o i_o mean_v that_o whereas_o the_o lord_n former_o have_v the_o principal_a executory_a power_n of_o law_n settle_v in_o they_o they_o never_o be_v absolute_o devest_v of_o that_o power_n by_o the_o access_n of_o a_o king_n nor_o be_v the_o king_n ever_o possess_v of_o all_o that_o power_n nor_o be_v it_o ever_o give_v to_o he_o but_o the_o lord_n do_v ever_o hold_v that_o power_n the_o king_n concur_v with_o they_o and_o in_o case_n the_o king_n will_v not_o concur_v the_o people_n general_o side_v with_o the_o lord_n and_o so_o in_o conclusion_n the_o king_n suffer_v in_o the_o quarrel_n from_o this_o ground_n do_v arise_v from_o time_n to_o time_n the_o wander_n of_o the_o people_n in_o elect_v and_o depose_v their_o king_n during_o the_o saxon_a time_n nor_o do_v nor_o can_v the_o norman_a williams_n shake_v off_o this_o copartnership_n but_o be_v many_o time_n as_o well_o as_o other_o ensue_a prince_n persuade_v against_o their_o own_o mind_n and_o plot_a desire_n nor_o can_v it_o otherways_o be_v suppose_v where_o counsel_n be_v settle_v for_o whereto_o serve_v they_o if_o notwithstanding_o they_o the_o king_n may_v go_v the_o way_n of_o his_o inordinate_a desire_n if_o the_o lord_n than_o do_v appear_v against_o these_o king_n whereof_o we_o treat_v in_o case_n where_o they_o appear_v against_o the_o law_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v neither_o new_a nor_o so_o heinous_a as_o it_o be_v noise_v for_o they_o who_o be_v equal_o if_o not_o more_o entrust_v with_o the_o commonwealth_n than_o the_o king_n by_o how_o much_o the_o councillor_n be_v trust_v more_o than_o the_o counsel_v to_o be_v true_a for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o trust_n in_o case_n the_o king_n shall_v desert_v he_o but_o the_o great_a question_n be_v concern_v the_o manner_n by_o threat_n and_o war_n it_o be_v as_o probable_a i_o grant_v that_o the_o lord_n use_v the_o one_o as_o the_o other_o for_o it_o be_v the_o common_a vice_n of_o the_o time_n to_o be_v rugged_a yet_o if_o we_o shall_v add_v to_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v first_o that_o knight_n service_n be_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n principal_o second_o that_o the_o great_a power_n of_o knight_n service_n rest_v with_o the_o lord_n not_o only_o in_o
common_a law_n and_o king_n prerogative_n will_v agree_v thereto_o the_o complaint_n be_v of_o this_o nature_n 1._o that_o the_o church-possession_n in_o their_o vacance_n be_v waste_v and_o that_o escheator_n do_v not_o only_o seize_v the_o personal_a estate_n of_o the_o abbot_n or_o prior_n decease_v but_o such_o corn_n in_o the_o barn_n and_o other_o good_n belong_v to_o the_o house_n for_o their_o maintenance_n as_o also_o the_o profit_n of_o church_n impropriate_a 2._o 2._o 3_o &_o 4_o &_o 5._o election_n be_v either_o disturb_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n praecede_v or_o by_o delay_n of_o the_o royal_a assent_n subsequent_a the_o say_a election_n 6._o the_o lay_v power_n without_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o clergy_n do_v put_v in_o eject_v or_o restore_v incumbent_n to_o benefice_n void_a 7._o prelate_n be_v summon_v to_o answer_v to_o the_o lay_v power_n in_o the_o writ_n quare_fw-la excommunicavit_fw-la and_o quare_fw-la non_fw-la admisit_fw-la 8._o clerk_n be_v distrain_v in_o their_o lie_v fee_n to_o answer_v before_o the_o lay_v power_n in_o action_n of_o debt_n trespass_n or_o other_o personal_a action_n and_o in_o case_n they_o have_v no_o lay_v fee_n the_o ordinary_a be_v distrain_v by_o his_o barony_n to_o cause_v the_o clerk_n to_o appear_v 9_o the_o laity_n be_v forbid_v to_o take_v oath_n or_o to_o inform_v upon_o oath_n before_o the_o prelate_n and_o to_o obey_v prelate_n command_n in_o such_o case_n 10._o person_n take_v and_o imprison_v upon_o excommunication_n be_v ordinary_o dismiss_v without_o satisfaction_n unto_o the_o prelate_n and_o sometime_o be_v not_o take_v by_o the_o sheriff_n 13._o 11._o 12._o &_o 33._o 13._o notwithstanding_o the_o king_n writ_n and_o as_o well_o the_o king_n as_o his_o officer_n do_v ordinary_o communicate_v with_o such_o as_o be_v excommunicate_v and_o likewise_o command_v other_o to_o communicate_v with_o they_o 14._o clerk_n imprison_v for_o felony_n be_v refuse_v to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o ordinary_a unless_o upon_o security_n to_o appear_v before_o the_o justice_n in_o oyer_n 15._o 15._o and_o sometime_o be_v hang_v before_o their_o ordinary_n can_v demand_v they_o and_o sometime_o their_o head_n be_v all_o shave_a that_o they_o may_v not_o appear_v to_o be_v clerk_n 16._o justice_n itinerant_a do_v imprison_v clerk_n defame_v for_o felony_n or_o otherwise_o outlaw_n they_o if_o they_o do_v not_o appear_v and_o otherwise_o proceed_v against_o clerk_n after_o their_o purgation_n before_o the_o ordinary_a 17._o 17._o 18._o the_o lay_v power_n seize_v upon_o the_o estate_n of_o clerk_n degrade_v for_o crime_n 19_o clergy_n be_v compel_v to_o answer_v and_o give_v satisfaction_n for_o offence_n against_o the_o forest_n law_n 20._o 20._o before_o the_o lay_v power_n and_o in_o case_n of_o default_n the_o bishop_n by_o distress_n be_v compel_v to_o order_n satisfaction_n 21._o 21._o as_o well_o in_o such_o case_n as_o in_o person_n all_o action_n 22._o privilege_n of_o sanctuary_n be_v invade_v by_o force_n 23._o executor_n of_o bishop_n be_v hinder_v from_o administer_a the_o estate_n without_o licence_n first_o obtain_v from_o the_o king_n 24._o the_o king_n tenant_n good_n be_v seize_v after_o their_o decease_n by_o the_o king_n bailiff_n 25._o intestates_fw-la good_n be_v seize_v by_o their_o lord_n and_o their_o ordinary_a hinder_v from_o administration_n 26._o the_o king_n prohibition_n pass_v in_o case_n of_o tithe_n and_o chapel_n 27._o the_o like_a in_o case_n of_o trothplight_n perjury_n cerage_n heriet_fw-la or_o other_o church_n duty_n as_o money_n for_o reparation_n of_o church_n and_o fence_n in_o churchyard_n 28._o 28._o pecuniary_a punishment_n for_o adultery_n 29._o 40._o 29._o and_o cost_n of_o suit_n in_o ecclesiastical_a court_n sacrilege_n excommunication_n for_o breach_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n contrary_a to_o the_o grand_a charter_n 30._o in_o case_n of_o prohibition_n if_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n proceed_v contrary_a to_o the_o same_o he_o be_v attach_v and_o compel_v to_o show_v his_o act_n in_o court_n if_o the_o lay_v judge_n determine_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v temporal_a the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n be_v amerce_v if_o he_o proceed_v against_o the_o prohibition_n and_o it_o be_v try_v by_o witness_n of_o two_o ribauld_n and_o in_o case_n it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n cognisance_n 31._o 31._o yet_o there_o be_v no_o cost_n allow_v for_o such_o vexation_n 32._o that_o jew_n in_o matter_n ecclesiastical_a aforesaid_a be_v by_o the_o king_n prohibition_n draw_v from_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n unto_o the_o lay_v magistrate_n 34._o question_v about_o land_n give_v in_o frankalmoine_n be_v try_v in_o the_o lay_v court_n 38._o 35._o 36._o 37._o 38._o and_o by_o reason_n of_o such_o tenure_n the_o owner_n though_o clergy_n man_n be_v compel_v to_o do_v suit_n at_o the_o lay_v court_n and_o be_v charge_v with_o imposition_n and_o be_v distrain_v hereunto_o although_o the_o lord_n have_v other_o land_n of_o the_o donor_n in_o frankallmoine_n subject_a to_o his_o distress_n 39_o prelate_n summon_v to_o high_a court_n be_v not_o allow_v to_o make_v attorney_n to_o appear_v for_o they_o in_o the_o inferior_a civil_a court_n 41._o grantee_n of_o murage_n or_o other_o unwonted_a imposition_n compel_v the_o churchman_n to_o pay_v the_o same_o 42_o &_o 43._o the_o clergy_n be_v charge_v with_o quarter_n cart-service_n and_o purvey_v 44._o the_o chancery_n send_v out_o new_a writ_n contrary_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n prince_n and_o prelate_n 45._o the_o king_n do_v compel_v the_o clergy_n to_o benevolence_n to_o the_o king_n at_o his_o voyage_n into_o foreign_a part_n 46._o amercement_n grant_v to_o clergy_n man_n be_v turn_v into_o fine_n by_o the_o justice_n and_o by_o they_o take_v 47._o clergy_n man_n be_v fine_v for_o want_n of_o appearance_n before_o the_o justice_n itinerant_a and_o of_o the_o forest_n upon_o common_a summons_n 48._o quo_fw-la warrantoe_n grant_v against_o the_o clergy_n for_o their_o liberty_n and_o the_o same_o seize_v unless_o they_o be_v set_v down_o in_o express_a word_n in_o their_o charter_n 50._o 49._o 50._o notwithstanding_o that_o by_o long_a custom_n they_o have_v enjoy_v the_o same_o and_o many_o time_n contrary_a to_o express_v grant_n this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o their_o paper_n of_o grievance_n and_o because_o they_o find_v the_o king_n either_o wilful_a or_o unconstant_a they_o resolve_v upon_o a_o remedy_n of_o their_o own_o by_o excommunication_n and_o interdiction_n not_o spare_v the_o person_n of_o any_o principal_a or_o accessary_n nor_o their_o land_n no_o not_o of_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o for_o this_o they_o join_v all_o as_o one_o man_n now_o what_o scare_v this_o make_v i_o know_v not_o but_o henry_n the_o three_o in_o the_o stat._n of_o marlb_n and_o edward_n the_o first_o in_o his_o stat._n at_o westminster_n and_o other_o satatute_n the_o first_o speak_v fair_a and_o seem_v to_o redress_v some_o of_o these_o complaint_n as_o also_o do_v edward_n the_o second_o and_o yet_o the_o common_a law_n lose_v little_a ground_n thereby_o that_o which_o henry_n the_o three_o do_v beside_o his_o promise_n of_o reform_v be_v do_v in_o the_o stat._n of_o marlbridge_n the_o successor_n of_o abbat_n prior_n and_o prelate_n 29._o marlbr_n c._n 29._o etc._n etc._n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o trespass_n do_v nigh_o before_o the_o death_n of_o their_o predecessor_n upon_o the_o estate_n of_o their_o corporation_n and_o shall_v prosecute_v a_o action_n begin_v by_o their_o predecessor_n and_o also_o shall_v have_v a_o assize_n against_o intruder_n into_o any_o of_o the_o possession_n belong_v to_o the_o say_a corporation_n whereof_o their_o predecessor_n die_v seize_v this_o may_v seem_v a_o remedy_n provide_v against_o the_o first_o malady_n complain_v of_o and_o questionless_a bind_v all_o but_o the_o king_n and_o so_o may_v perchance_o abate_v somewhat_o the_o edge_n of_o that_o article_n but_o it_o be_v the_o clergy_n reach_v to_o grow_v rich_a and_o the_o pope_n cunning_a to_o help_v on_o that_o work_n that_o they_o may_v be_v as_o store_v for_o supply_v of_o his_o treasury_n and_o have_v forbid_a abbat_n and_o other_o prelate_n etc._n etc._n the_o liberty_n of_o dispose_v their_o estate_n by_o last_o will._n king_n therefore_o as_o supreme_a patron_n to_o these_o body_n in_o their_o vacance_n use_v to_o seize_v all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o prelate_n with_o the_o temporalty_n to_o their_o own_o use_n as_o well_o to_o preserve_v the_o riches_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o itself_o and_o the_o possession_n of_o such_o corporation_n from_o spoil_n as_o to_o be_v a_o cloak_n of_o their_o own_o covetousness_n and_o under_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o prelate_n or_o head_n of_o these_o corporation_n all_o the_o
circumspect_a agatis_fw-la for_o in_o such_o case_n the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n have_v cognisance_n notwithstanding_o the_o king_n prohibition_n it_o be_v therefore_o neither_o grant_n nor_o release_n but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o covenant_n that_o the_o clergy_n shall_v hold_v peaceable_a possession_n of_o what_o 〈◊〉_d have_v upon_o this_o ground_n that_o the_o king_n prohibition_n have_v no_o place_n in_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v mere_o spiritual_a so_o as_o hereby_o the_o clergy_n get_v a_o judgement_n against_o the_o crown_n by_o confession_n and_o a_o estopell_n upon_o this_o maxim_n that_o spiritual_a thing_n belong_v to_o spiritual_a man_n into_o which_o rank_n the_o king_n person_n can_v come_v thus_o think_v they_o but_o what_o be_v spiritual_a cause_n and_o why_o so_o call_v be_v they_o such_o as_o concern_v spiritual_a person_n and_o thing_n this_o be_v the_o old_a way_n mark_n but_o if_o we_o bring_v into_o this_o category_n adultery_n fornication_n incest_n etc._n etc._n we_o shall_v mar_v all_o linwood_n tell_v we_o that_o mere_a spiritualia_fw-la be_v such_o as_o be_v sine_fw-la mixtura_fw-la temporalium_fw-la there_o may_v be_v somewhat_o in_o this_o though_o i_o can_v find_v it_o nor_o can_v i_o make_v out_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o term_n any_o other_o way_n but_o to_o limit_v it_o to_o such_o thing_n which_o by_o common_a custom_n the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n have_v cognisance_n of_o for_o otherwise_o neither_o king_n nor_o law_n ever_o intend_v it_o to_o be_v expound_v by_o the_o canon_n nor_o be_v it_o the_o intent_n of_o this_o writ_n law_n or_o licence_n call_v it_o what_o you_o will_v thus_o to_o conclude_v as_o the_o particular_n follow_v will_v manifest_v fornication_n adultery_n and_o such_o like_v punish_v sometime_o upon_o the_o body_n and_o sometime_o upon_o the_o purse_n these_o crime_n the_o saxon_n punish_v by_o the_o temporal_a power_n as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v the_o norman_n continue_v this_o course_n if_o we_o may_v believe_v the_o conqueror_n law_n which_o give_v the_o fine_a in_o such_o case_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o delinquent_n 371._o ll._n gulielm_n cap._n 14_o 19_o 371._o and_o it_o be_v confess_v that_o henry_n the_o first_o and_o the_o second_o continue_v it_o as_o the_o clergy_n own_o complaint_n just_a or_o unjust_a do_v witness_v and_o what_o course_n be_v hold_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n steven_n and_o john_n be_v to_o i_o unknown_a 28._o m._n paris_n addit_fw-la foe_fw-mi 201._o art_n 28._o nor_o be_v it_o much_o to_o be_v regard_v see_v the_o latter_a do_v he_o care_v not_o what_o and_o the_o former_a to_o gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o clergy_n regard_v not_o what_o he_o do_v the_o custom_n therefore_o can_v be_v make_v good_a for_o the_o clergy_n much_o less_o to_o punish_v the_o body_n of_o freeman_n in_o such_o case_n it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o grand_a charter_n never_o ask_v by_o the_o clergy_n former_o nor_o no_o complaint_n before_o now_o for_o denial_n for_o my_o part_n therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o apprehend_v it_o of_o a_o high_a nature_n than_o the_o king_n writ_n which_o in_o those_o day_n go_v forth_o at_o random_n if_o the_o 44_o article_n of_o the_o clergy_n complaint_n forego_v be_v true_a it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d so_o contrary_a to_o the_o common_a sense_n of_o parliament_n to_o give_v the_o body_n of_o the_o free_a man_n to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o clergy_n to_o who_o they_o will_v not_o submit_v their_o free_a hold_n but_o the_o writ_n proceed_v in_o enumeration_n of_o particular_n reparation_n and_o adorn_n of_o church_n and_o fence_n of_o churchyard_n violence_n do_v to_o a_o clerk_n defamation_n to_o reform_v not_o to_o give_v damage_n perjury_n oblation_n payment_n of_o tithe_n between_o rector_n and_o parishioner_n right_o of_o tithe_n between_o two_o rector_n to_o a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o value_n mortuary_n due_a by_o custom_n a_o pension_n from_o a_o rector_n to_o a_o prelate_n or_o advocate_n the_o most_o of_o which_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o a_o prohibition_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o who_o be_v king_n but_o yesterday_o as_o the_o article_n of_o complaint_n former_o set_v down_o do_v manifest_a nor_o have_v the_o clergy_n ever_o better_a title_n than_o connivance_n of_o some_o such_o favourite_n as_o king_n steven_n who_o act_n may_v peradventure_o be_v urge_v against_o king_n but_o not_o against_o the_o people_n unless_o their_o own_o act_n can_v be_v produce_v to_o warrant_v it_o the_o learning_n in_o the_o prince_n case_n will_v i_o suppose_v admit_v of_o a_o difference_n 8._o coke_n lib._n 8._o for_o it_o can_v never_o be_v make_v out_o that_o the_o king_n council_n in_o parliament_n be_v the_o magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la but_o only_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n and_o therefore_o whatever_o pass_v in_o parliament_n by_o their_o only_a advice_n may_v bind_v the_o king_n but_o can_v never_o reach_v the_o commons_o nor_o their_o liberty_n and_o thus_o the_o grand_a charter_n in_o the_o first_o conception_n be_v conclusive_a to_o the_o king_n but_o be_v not_o the_o act_n of_o the_o parliament_n because_o the_o parliament_n can_v grant_v a_o charter_n to_o itself_o of_o that_o which_o be_v originaly_a custom_n and_o therefore_o this_o law_n however_o countenance_v can_v never_o be_v conclude_v to_o be_v other_o than_o a_o permission_n not_o only_o because_o it_o be_v never_o the_o act_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n but_o because_o its_o contrary_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o free_a man_n and_o it_o be_v beyond_o all_o imagination_n that_o the_o commons_o shall_v out_o themselves_o from_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o yoke_n themselves_o their_o free_a hold_n and_o estate_n under_o the_o bondage_n of_o the_o canon_n nor_o ought_v such_o a_o construction_n to_o be_v admit_v without_o express_a word_n to_o warrant_v it_o as_o for_o the_o conclusion_n it_o be_v much_o worfe_n and_o not_o only_o dishonourable_a to_o the_o king_n in_o bind_v his_o arm_n from_o protect_v his_o subject_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o so_o in_o some_o respect_n make_v they_o outlaw_n but_o dishonourable_a to_o itself_o while_o it_o make_v prohibition_n ground_v upon_o law_n to_o be_v nullity_n by_o a_o late_a trick_n of_o nonobstante_a which_o be_v first_o take_v up_o by_o the_o pope_n then_o by_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o by_o this_o king_n grant_v to_o the_o clergy_n and_o thus_o be_v all_o set_v at_o liberty_n from_o any_o rule_n but_o that_o of_o licentiousness_n nevertheless_o this_o law_n do_v thrive_v according_o for_o we_o find_v scarce_o any_o footstep_n in_o story_n of_o any_o regard_n have_v thereof_o till_o it_o become_v gray_a head_v for_o it_o be_v not_o long_o ere_o the_o king_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o money_n and_o be_v necessitate_v to_o try_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o clergy_n more_o than_o once_o this_o occasion_v they_o to_o be_v slow_a in_o answer_n and_o in_o conclusion_n to_o deny_v that_o they_o shall_v aid_v the_o king_n with_o any_o more_o money_n winchelsy_n antiq._n brit._n vit_fw-mi winchelsy_n papa_n inconsulto_fw-la the_o king_n hereupon_o disavow_v the_o clergy_n and_o leave_v they_o to_o the_o romish_a oppression_n which_o be_v many_o and_o then_o the_o clergy_n rub_v up_o all_o old_a sore_n and_o exhibit_v their_o complaint_n to_o their_o holy_a father_n 1306._o baronus_fw-la annal_n an._n 1306._o to_o this_o effect_n 1._o that_o the_o king_n justice_n intermeddle_v in_o testamentary_a cause_n account_n of_o executor_n and_o cognisance_n of_o tithe_n especial_o to_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o live_n 2._o that_o the_o clergy_n be_v charge_v to_o the_o king_n carriage_n that_o the_o king_n mill_n be_v discharge_v from_o pay_v of_o tithe_n that_o clerk_n attend_v on_o the_o exchequer_n be_v necessitate_v to_o nonresidency_a and_o that_o after_o their_o decease_n their_o good_n be_v seize_v till_o their_o account_n be_v make_v that_o ecclesiastical_a possession_n be_v waste_v during_o vacancy_n 3._o that_o clerk_n be_v admit_v to_o free_a chapel_n by_o lay_v man_n 4._o that_o the_o king_n justice_n take_v cognisance_n of_o usury_n defamation_n violence_n do_v to_o clerk_n sacrilege_n oblation_n fence_n of_o the_o churchyard_n and_o mortuary_n 5._o that_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v without_o surmise_n 6._o that_o clerk_n be_v call_v to_o answer_v in_o the_o king_n court_n for_o crime_n and_o be_v acquit_v the_o informer_n escape_v without_o penalty_n 7._o that_o clerk_n be_v not_o allow_v their_o clergy_n 8._o that_o after_o purgation_n make_v clerk_n be_v question_v in_o the_o king_n court_n for_o the_o same_o offence_n 9_o that_o person_n in_o sanctuary_n be_v therein_o besiege_v 10._o that_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr cautione_n admittenda_fw-la issue_v forth_o although_o the_o church_n be_v not_o satisfy_v and_o excommunicate_a person_n be_v imprison_v be_v enlarge_v in_o
england_n albeit_o that_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v not_o the_o like_a present_a regard_n as_o the_o city_n of_o london_n have_v 26._o cap._n 26._o the_o writ_n of_o praecipe_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v not_o be_v grant_v of_o any_o free_a hold_n whereby_o a_o man_n may_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o lose_v his_o court_n thereby_o it_o seem_v that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o oppression_n in_o those_o time_n that_o if_o a_o suit_n be_v commence_v in_o the_o inferior_a or_o lord_n court_v concern_v a_o free_a hold_n a_o writ_n of_o praecipe_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la may_v be_v have_v upon_o a_o surmise_n that_o the_o free_a hold_n be_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la which_o may_v prove_v a_o absolute_a destruction_n to_o the_o inferior_a court_n and_o be_v the_o spoil_n of_o the_o demandant_o case_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v the_o charter_n of_o king_n john_n instead_o of_o the_o word_n court_n have_v the_o word_n cause_n there_o shall_v be_v but_o one_o know_v weight_n and_o measure_n 27._o cap._n 27._o and_o one_o breadth_n of_o clothes_n throughout_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n this_o law_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v ancient_o establish_v among_o the_o saxon_n 3._o ll._n edgar_n c._n 3._o as_o former_o have_v be_v show_v and_o continue_v in_o the_o norman_n time_n and_o confirm_v by_o richard_n the_o first_o and_o king_n john_n and_o as_o touch_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o breadth_n of_o clothes_n although_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o abridge_v the_o liberty_n of_o particular_a person_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o common_a trade_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v settle_v in_o this_o manner_n to_o avoid_v deceit_n and_o to_o establish_v a_o know_a price_n of_o clothes_n and_o it_o seem_v that_o wine_n be_v ordinary_o make_v in_o england_n as_o well_o as_o ale_n otherwise_o the_o measure_n of_o wine_n can_v not_o have_v be_v establish_v by_o a_o law_n in_o england_n if_o they_o have_v be_v altogether_o make_v in_o other_o country_n inquisition_n of_o life_n and_o member_n shall_v be_v ready_o grant_v without_o fee_n 28._o cap._n 28._o it_o be_v a_o law_n of_o latter_a original_n make_v to_o take_v away_o a_o norman_a oppression_n for_o by_o the_o saxon_a law_n as_o have_v be_v already_o note_v no_o man_n be_v imprison_v for_o crime_n not_o bailable_a beyond_o the_o next_o county_n court_n or_o sheriff_n tear_v but_o when_o those_o rural_a court_n begin_v to_o lose_v their_o power_n and_o the_o king_n court_n to_o devour_v trial_n of_o that_o nature_n especial_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o justice_n itinerant_a which_o be_v but_o rare_a and_o for_o divers_a year_n many_o time_n intermit_v during_o all_o which_o time_n suppose_v offender_n must_v lie_v in_o prison_n which_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o freeman_n among_o the_o saxon_n it_o occasion_v a_o new_a device_n to_o save_v the_o common_a liberty_n by_o special_a writ_n sue_v out_o by_o the_o party_n imprison_v or_o under_o bail_n suppose_v himself_o circumvent_v by_o hatred_n and_o malice_n and_o by_o the_o same_o direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n and_o other_o a_o inquisition_n be_v take_v and_o trial_n make_v of_o the_o offence_n whether_o he_o deserve_v loss_n of_o life_n or_o member_n and_o if_o it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o suppose_a offender_n he_o be_v bail_v till_o the_o next_o come_v of_o the_o justice_n and_o for_o this_o the_o writ_n be_v call_v the_o writ_n of_o inquisition_n of_o life_n or_o member_n and_o sometime_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr odio_fw-la &_o atia_fw-la but_o these_o inquest_n be_v soon_o become_v degenerate_a and_o subject_a to_o much_o corruption_n and_o therefore_o as_o soon_o meet_v with_o a_o countercheck_n from_o the_o law_n or_o first_o rather_o a_o regulation_n 11_o west_n 1._o cap._n 11_o for_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o inquest_n shall_v be_v choose_v upon_o oath_n and_o that_o two_o of_o the_o inquest_n at_o the_o least_o shall_v be_v knight_n and_o those_o not_o interress_v in_o the_o cause_n but_o yet_o this_o can_v not_o rectify_v the_o matter_n for_o it_o seem_v so_o impossible_a to_o do_v justice_n and_o show_v mercy_n this_o way_n 9_o glocest_n cap_n 9_o that_o the_o writ_n be_v at_o length_n take_v away_o and_o man_n leave_v to_o their_o lot_n till_o the_o come_n of_o justice_n itinerant_a but_o this_o can_v not_o be_v endure_v above_o seven_o year_n for_o though_o the_o king_n be_v a_o brave_a soldier_n 29._o west_n 2._o cap._n 29._o and_o prosperous_a yet_o the_o people_n overcome_v he_o and_o recover_v their_o writ_n de_fw-fr odio_fw-la &_o atia_fw-la again_o 29._o cap._n 29._o lord_n shall_v have_v the_o wardship_n of_o their_o tenant_n heir_n although_o they_o hold_v also_o of_o the_o king_n in_o petit_fw-fr serjeanty_n soccage_n burgage_n or_o fee_n farm_n inferior_a lord_n have_v the_o same_o right_n of_o wardship_n with_o the_o king_n for_o their_o tenor_n in_o knightservice_n although_o their_o tenant_n do_v hold_v also_o of_o the_o king_n unless_o they_o hold_v of_o he_o in_o knight-service_n which_o be_v a_o service_n to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o tenant_n own_o person_n or_o by_o the_o person_n of_o his_o esquire_n or_o other_o deputy_n in_o his_o stead_n but_o as_o touch_v such_o service_n as_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v do_v to_o he_o by_o render_v or_o serve_v he_o with_o arm_n or_o other_o utensile_n this_o be_v no_o knightservice_n though_o such_o utensile_n concern_v war_n 9_o glanvil_n lib_n 7._o cap._n 9_o but_o be_v call_v petit_n serjeanty_n as_o in_o the_o lawbooke_n do_v appear_v nevertheless_o henry_n the_o three_o have_v usurp_v wardship_n in_o such_o case_n also_o and_o the_o same_o among_o other_o occasion_v the_o baron_n war_n 30._o cap._n 30._o no_o judge_n shall_v compel_v a_o freeman_n to_o confess_v matter_n against_o himself_o upon_o oath_n without_o complaint_n first_o make_v against_o he_o nor_o shall_v receive_v any_o complaint_n without_o present_a proof_n this_o law_n in_o the_o original_n be_v set_v down_o in_o another_o kind_n of_o phrase_n in_o the_o first_o part_n thereof_o which_o be_v obscure_a by_o reason_n thereof_o in_o express_a word_n it_o be_v thus_o no_o judge_n shall_v compel_v any_o man_n ad_fw-la legem_fw-la manifestam_fw-la which_o impli_v that_o the_o matter_n be_v otherwise_o obscure_a if_o the_o party_n that_o be_v complain_v of_o or_o suspect_v do_v not_o manifest_v the_o same_o by_o his_o own_o declare_v of_o the_o truth_n or_o matter_n inquire_v after_o and_o therefore_o they_o use_v in_o such_o case_n to_o put_v he_o to_o oath_n and_o if_o he_o deny_v the_o matter_n or_o acquit_v himself_o the_o judge_n will_v sometime_o discharge_v he_o or_o otherwise_o put_v he_o to_o his_o compurgator_n and_o this_o be_v call_v lex_fw-la manifesta_fw-la or_o lex_fw-la apparens_fw-la and_o it_o be_v a_o trick_n first_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o temporal_a judge_n imitate_v they_o therein_o and_o this_o become_v a_o snare_n and_o sore_a burden_n to_o the_o subject_n to_o avoid_v which_o they_o complain_v of_o this_o new_a kind_n of_o trial_n and_o for_o remedy_n of_o this_o usurpation_n this_o law_n revive_v and_o establish_v the_o only_a and_o old_a way_n of_o trial_n for_o glanvill_n say_v ob_fw-la infamiam_fw-la non_fw-la solet_fw-la juxta_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la aliquis_fw-la per_fw-la legem_fw-la apparentem_fw-la se_fw-la purgare_fw-la nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la convictus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la vel_fw-la confessus_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la 106_o bracton_n foe_fw-mi 106_o and_o therefore_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v urge_v upon_o such_o difficulty_n unless_o by_o the_o express_a law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o old_a way_n of_o trial_n be_v first_o to_o bring_v in_o a_o complaint_n and_o witness_n ready_a to_o maintain_v the_o same_o and_o therefore_o both_o appeal_n and_o action_n then_o use_v to_o conclude_v their_o plea_n with_o the_o name_n of_o witness_n subjoin_v which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v imply_v in_o those_o general_a word_n in_o their_o conclusion_n et_fw-la inde_fw-la producit_fw-la sectam_fw-la svam_fw-la that_o be_v he_o bring_v his_o sect_n or_o suit_n or_o such_o as_o do_v follow_v or_o affirm_v his_o complaint_n as_o a_o other_o part_n also_o be_v imply_v in_o those_o word_n et_fw-la hoc_fw-la paratus_fw-la est_fw-la verificare_fw-la hengham_n seld._n super_fw-la hengham_n for_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n sect_n or_o suit_n of_o witness_n do_v not_o full_o prove_v the_o matter_n in_o fact_n the_o defendant_n averment_n be_v make_v good_a by_o his_o own_o oath_n and_o the_o oath_n of_o twelve_o man_n and_o so_o the_o trial_n be_v conclude_v no_o free_a man_n shall_v be_v imprison_v or_o disseise_v of_o his_o freehold_n 31._o cap._n 31._o or_o liberty_n outlaw_v or_o banish_v or_o invade_v but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n nor_o shall_v justice_n be_v
of_o these_o person_n the_o one_o be_v perpetual_a the_o other_o temporary_a therefore_o be_v there_o also_o by_o these_o law_n a_o difference_n in_o the_o disposal_n of_o their_o estate_n for_o the_o tutor_n have_v a_o right_a in_o the_o dispose_n of_o the_o one_o and_o but_o a_o bare_a authority_n or_o power_n in_o provide_v for_o the_o other_o second_o the_o person_n of_o the_o tutor_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v ancient_o it_o be_v the_o next_o kindred_n ground_v as_o i_o conceive_v upon_o the_o natural_a affection_n go_v along_o with_o the_o blood_n and_o this_o so_o continue_v in_o custom_n until_o these_o time_n for_o though_o the_o miror_fw-la of_o justice_n say_v that_o henry_n the_o first_o bring_v in_o that_o course_n of_o give_v the_o custody_n of_o these_o disable_v person_n to_o the_o king_n as_o have_v be_v former_o observe_v yet_o bracton_n that_o write_v long_o after_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o speak_v of_o these_o kind_n of_o person_n say_v 20._o bract._n lib._n 5._o cap._n 20._o talibus_fw-la de_fw-fr necessitate_v dandus_fw-la est_fw-la tutor_n vel_fw-la curator_n not_o so_o much_o as_o mention_v the_o king_n in_o the_o case_n and_o in_o another_o place_n speak_v of_o such_o as_o be_v alieni_fw-la juris_fw-la say_v that_o some_o be_v under_o the_o custody_n of_o their_o lord_n and_o other_o under_o their_o parent_n and_o friend_n 10_o lib._n 1._o cap._n 10_o but_o let_v the_o time_n of_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o law_n be_v never_o so_o uncertain_a it_o be_v now_o a_o declare_a law_n that_o the_o king_n in_o such_o case_n be_v the_o common_a curator_n or_o tutor_n of_o all_o such_o person_n as_o he_o be_v a_o chief_a justice_n render_v to_o every_o one_o his_o right_n the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o wreck_n of_o the_o sea_n 4._o prerog_n reg._n cap._n 11._o west_n 1._o cap._n 4._o what_o shall_v be_v call_v a_o wreck_n the_o statute_n at_o westm_n 1._o declare_v viz._n where_o the_o ship_n so_o perish_v that_o nothing_o therein_o escape_v alive_a and_o these_o be_v rather_o in_o their_o original_n commit_v to_o the_o king_n as_o a_o curator_n then_o give_v he_o as_o a_o proprietor_n although_o that_o custom_n have_v since_o settle_v a_o kind_n of_o right_n which_o may_v perhaps_o be_v account_v rather_o a_o title_n by_o estoppell_n for_o the_o fundamental_a ground_n be_v that_o the_o right_a owner_n can_v be_v manifest_v and_o therefore_o the_o king_n shall_v hold_v it_o and_o if_o the_o right_a owner_n can_v be_v manifest_v the_o king_n shall_v hold_v it_o till_o the_o owner_n do_v appear_v 17._o marlb_n cap._n 17._o the_o heir_n in_o socage_n tenure_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n of_o waste_n and_o a_o account_n against_o his_o guardian_n for_o the_o profit_n of_o his_o land_n and_o marriage_n the_o heir_n in_o socage_n be_v under_o age_n shall_v also_o be_v under_o custody_n of_o such_o guardian_n of_o the_o next_o kindred_n 37._o bracton_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 37._o who_o can_v challenge_v right_o of_o inheritance_n in_o such_o land_n so_o hold_v as_o if_o the_o land_n descend_v from_o the_o father_n side_n the_o mother_n or_o next_o of_o the_o kindred_n of_o the_o mother_n side_n shall_v have_v the_o custody_n and_o so_o if_o the_o land_n descend_v from_o the_o mother_n the_o father_n or_o next_o kindred_n of_o the_o father_n side_n shall_v have_v the_o custody_n and_o this_o custody_n bring_v with_o it_o a_o authority_n or_o power_n only_o and_o no_o right_a as_o in_o case_n of_o the_o heir_n in_o knightservice_n and_o therefore_o can_v be_v grant_v over_o as_o the_o wardship_n in_o knightservice_n may_v but_o the_o guardian_n in_o socage_n remain_v accountant_a to_o the_o heir_n for_o all_o profit_n both_o of_o land_n and_o marriage_n the_o full_a age_n of_o tenant_n in_o socage_n be_v such_o age_n wherein_o he_o be_v able_a to_o do_v that_o service_n which_o be_v 14_o year_n for_o at_o such_o age_n he_o may_v b_o able_a by_o common_a repute_n to_o aid_v in_o tillage_n of_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v his_o proper_a service_n but_o the_o son_n of_o a_o burgess_n have_v no_o set_a time_n of_o full_a age_n but_o at_o such_o time_n as_o he_o can_v tell_v money_n and_o measure_n cloth_n and_o such_o work_n as_o concern_v that_o call_n 1._o merton_n cap._n 1._o widow_n deforce_v of_o their_o dower_n of_o quarentine_n shall_v by_o action_n recover_v damage_n till_o they_o recover_v their_o dower_n 2._o cap._n 2._o they_o shall_v also_o have_v power_n to_o divise_v their_o crop_n arise_v from_o her_o dower_n 40._o bract._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 40._o it_o be_v use_v that_o the_o heir_n shall_v have_v the_o crop_n with_o the_o land_n but_o this_o statute_n alter_v that_o former_a usage_n and_o yet_o save_v the_o lord_n liberty_n to_o distrain_v if_o any_o service_n be_v due_a writ_n de_fw-la consimili_fw-la casu_fw-la grant_v in_o case_n that_o fall_v under_o the_o same_o law_n and_o need_v the_o same_o remedy_n 24._o west_n 2._o cap._n 24._o and_o such_o writ_n shall_v be_v make_v by_o agreement_n of_o the_o clerk_n in_o the_o chancery_n and_o advice_n of_o such_o as_o be_v skilful_a in_o the_o law_n it_o be_v none_o of_o the_o mean_a liberty_n of_o the_o freeman_n of_o england_n that_o no_o writ_n do_v issue_n forth_o against_o they_o but_o such_o as_o be_v ancient_o in_o use_n and_o agree_v upon_o in_o parliament_n and_o it_o be_v no_o less_o a_o grievance_n and_o just_a cause_n of_o complaint_n that_o king_n use_v to_o send_v writ_n of_o new_a impression_n to_o execute_v the_o dictate_v of_o their_o own_o will_n and_o not_o of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 44._o m._n paris_n addit_fw-la artic._n 44._o as_o the_o complaint_n of_o the_o clergy_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o do_v witness_v nevertheless_o because_o many_o man_n case_n befall_v not_o direct_o within_o the_o letter_n of_o any_o law_n for_o remedy_n and_o yet_o be_v very_o burdensome_a for_o want_v of_o remedy_n it_o be_v provide_v by_o this_o law_n that_o in_o such_o emergent_a case_n that_o do_v befall_v within_o the_o inconvenience_n shall_v likewise_o be_v comprehend_v within_o the_o remedy_n of_o that_o law_n aid_v to_o make_v the_o son_n of_o the_o lord_n a_o knight_n 36._o west_n 1._o c._n 36._o and_o to_o marry_v his_o elder_a daughter_n shall_v be_v assess_v after_o the_o rate_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n for_o a_o knight_n fee_n and_o twenty_o shilling_n for_o twenty_o pound_n in_o yearly_a value_n of_o soccage_n tenure_n the_o uncertainty_n of_o aid_n be_v by_o this_o law_n reduce_v and_o settle_v as_o touch_v the_o sum_n and_o thereby_o deliver_v the_o people_n from_o much_o oppression_n which_o they_o suffer_v former_o nor_o be_v only_o the_o particular_a sum_n hereby_o but_o also_o the_o age_n of_o the_o son_n when_o he_o be_v to_o be_v make_v a_o knight_n viz._n at_o the_o age_n of_o fifteen_o year_n too_o soon_o for_o he_o to_o perform_v knightservice_n but_o not_o too_o soon_o for_o the_o lord_n to_o get_v his_o money_n and_o the_o daughter_n likewise_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v fit_a for_o marriage_n at_o seven_o year_n of_o age_n or_o at_o least_o to_o give_v her_o consent_n thereto_o albeit_o that_o in_o truth_n she_o be_v neither_o fit_n for_o the_o one_o or_o other_o and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v the_o lord_n gain_v that_o make_v the_o law_n and_o it_o be_v not_o amiss_o to_o have_v the_o aid_n beforehand_o though_o the_o marriage_n succeed_v not_o for_o many_o year_n after_o and_o if_o the_o lord_n die_v in_o the_o interim_n the_o executor_n have_v asset_n pay_v it_o or_o otherwise_o his_o heir_n chap._n lxviii_o of_o court_n and_o their_o proceed_n beside_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n itinerant_a which_o be_v ancient_a as_o have_v be_v say_v other_o court_n have_v be_v raise_v of_o latter_a birth_n albeit_o even_o they_o also_o have_v be_v of_o ancient_a constitution_n and_o divers_a of_o they_o itinerant_a also_o and_o some_o of_o they_o settle_v in_o one_o place_n the_o work_n of_o the_o justice_n itinerant_a be_v universal_a comprehend_v both_o matter_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o common-plea_n that_o of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n be_v only_o of_o crown_n plea_n original_o commence_v and_o inquire_v of_o by_o themselves_o and_o grant_v forth_o upon_o emergent_a crime_n of_o important_a consequence_n that_o require_v speedy_a regard_n and_o reformation_n justice_n of_o gaol-delivery_n have_v a_o more_o large_a work_n that_o be_v to_o deliver_v the_o gaol_n of_o all_o criminal_a offender_n former_o indict_v or_o before_o themselves_o justice_n of_o assize_n and_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la be_v to_o have_v cognisance_n of_o common_a plea_n only_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v but_o for_n inquiry_n all_o which_o save_v the_o justice_n itinerant_a in_o ancient_a use_n be_v institute_v
about_o these_o time_n and_o therewith_o end_v both_o the_o work_n and_o common_a use_n of_o the_o ancient_a iter_n and_o yet_o all_o these_o late_a court_n joint_o consider_v have_v not_o the_o like_a comprehensive_a power_n that_o the_o iter_n have_v for_o they_o have_v the_o power_n of_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o cause_n both_o of_o the_o crown_n and_o common-plea_n albeit_o in_o a_o different_a manner_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o the_o first_o time_n promiscuous_o unite_v into_o one_o and_o the_o same_o person_n but_o soon_o after_o the_o norman_a time_n and_o more_o clear_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o that_o power_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a person_n some_o sit_v upon_o the_o common_a plea_n other_o upon_o the_o crown_n plea_n the_o judge_n of_o these_o journey_a court_n be_v special_o assign_v by_o the_o king_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o gaole-delivery_n or_o settle_v by_o the_o law_n upon_o the_o judge_n of_o both_o bench_n at_o westminster_n as_o in_o case_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n 29_o westm_n 2._o ca._n 29_o and_o of_o the_o assize_n or_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la save_v that_o in_o the_o last_o case_n they_o be_v associate_v with_o knight_n in_o the_o county_n for_o the_o take_n of_o assizes_n 30._o ibid._n c._n 30._o now_o concern_v the_o court_n that_o be_v settle_v some_o be_v settle_v or_o annex_v to_o the_o king_n personal_a residence_n as_o the_o chancellor_n court_n for_o in_o these_o time_n it_o begin_v to_o have_v a_o judiciary_n power_n of_o eminent_a stature_n and_o grow_v out_o of_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o great_a chief_a justice_n of_o england_n then_o also_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v annex_v by_o the_o same_o law_n unto_o the_o king_n court_n or_o personal_a residence_n 15._o fleta_n artic._n sup_v cart_n cap._n 15._o as_o it_o ancient_o ever_o have_v that_o honour_n although_o it_o seem_v the_o endeavour_n be_v to_o make_v it_o like_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o that_o particular_a another_z and_z last_o court_n that_o be_v settle_v in_o this_o manner_n be_v the_o marshal_n court_n which_o in_o the_o original_n only_o concern_v the_o king_n household_n but_o afterward_o compass_v in_o a_o distance_n of_o the_o neighbour_a place_n 129._o 5_o e._n 4_o foe_n 129._o because_o the_o king_n attendant_n be_v many_o in_o those_o time_n when_o as_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n continual_o attend_v on_o his_o person_n and_o this_o precinct_n be_v call_v the_o verge_n and_o all_o case_n of_o debt_n and_o covenant_n where_o both_o party_n be_v of_o the_o household_n 3._o artic._n sup_v cart_n cap._n 3._o and_o of_o trespass_n vi_o &_o armis_fw-la where_n one_o of_o they_o be_v of_o the_o household_n be_v handle_v in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o verge_n or_o the_o marshal_n court_n and_o inquest_n of_o death_n within_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o the_o coroner_n of_o the_o county_n with_o the_o coroner_n of_o the_o household_n other_o court_n be_v rural_a and_o affix_v also_o to_o some_o certain_a place_n either_o of_o the_o county_n or_o town_n or_o other_o particular_a place_n that_o of_o the_o county_n suffer_v in_o these_o time_n great_a diminution_n even_o almost_o to_o destruction_n by_o a_o law_n restrain_v the_o power_n thereof_o only_o to_o trespass_n of_o 40_o s._n value_n or_o under_o 8._o stat._n gouc_n cap._n 8._o for_o though_o former_o the_o king_n justice_n encroach_v upon_o the_o county_n court_v and_o contract_a suit_n before_o themselves_o which_o by_o the_o ancient_a law_n they_o ought_v not_o yet_o it_o be_v ever_o illegal_a and_o the_o county_n court_v hold_v their_o right_n till_o this_o law_n be_v make_v which_o keep_v under_o those_o inferior_a court_n and_o make_v they_o of_o less_o account_n then_o former_o nevertheless_o the_o king_n justicy_n or_o writ_n to_o the_o sheriff_n oftentimes_o enable_v the_o inferior_a court_n to_o have_v cognisance_n of_o case_n of_o great_a value_n last_o a_o rule_n be_v set_v to_o the_o small_a court_n of_o corporation_n 23._o west_n 1._o cap._n 23._o fair_n and_o market_n viz._n that_o no_o person_n shall_v be_v sue_v in_o any_o of_o they_o which_o be_v not_o a_o debtor_n or_o pledge_n there_o chap._n lxix_o of_o coroner_n sheriff_n and_o crown_v plea_n 10_o coroner_n westm_n 1._o ca._n 10_o corener_n shall_v be_v choose_v in_o the_o county_n from_o the_o wise_a great_a and_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o country_n of_o these_o officer_n former_o have_v be_v speak_v as_o touch_v their_o election_n qualification_n and_o work_v this_o law_n bring_v in_o no_o change_n of_o any_o former_a law_n but_o only_o of_o a_o former_a custom_n gain_v by_o these_o degenerate_v time_n which_o bring_v man_n into_o place_n that_o be_v far_o unfit_a who_o otherwise_o of_o poor_a and_o mean_a condition_n maintain_v themselves_o by_o bribery_n and_o extortion_n and_o be_v find_v guilty_a have_v not_o sufficient_a to_o give_v recompense_n this_o law_n therefore_o revive_v the_o first_o law_n and_o hold_v these_o man_n to_o their_o work_n of_o take_v inquest_n and_o appeal_n by_o indenture_n between_o themselves_o and_o the_o sheriff_n and_o these_o be_v to_o be_v certify_v at_o the_o next_o come_v of_o the_o justice_n 9_o sheriff_n artic._n sup_v cart_n cap._n 9_o the_o free_a holder_n in_o every_o county_n if_o they_o will_v shall_v elect_v their_o own_o sheriff_n unless_o the_o sheriffwicke_n be_v hold_v in_o see_v this_o be_v indeed_o the_o ancient_a custom_n as_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v eligible_a by_o the_o common-council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 2._o miror_fw-la cap._n 1._o sec._n 3._o stat._n the_o vic_a 9_o e._n 2._o so_o be_v also_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o county_n choose_v by_o the_o county_n but_o within_o a_o few_o year_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o come_v another_o law_n that_o the_o sheriff_n shall_v be_v appoint_v by_o the_o chancellor_n treasurer_n baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o the_o justice_n which_o law_n be_v make_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o people_n as_o by_o the_o file_n of_o that_o statute_n do_v more_o full_o appear_v for_o though_o at_o the_o first_o blush_v it_o may_v seem_v a_o privilege_n lose_v by_o the_o free_a man_n that_o these_o great_a man_n shall_v have_v the_o election_n of_o the_o sheriff_n yet_o it_o prove_v a_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o common_a quiet_n of_o the_o people_n in_o those_o time_n of_o party_n and_o be_v so_o apprehend_v otherwise_o as_o the_o case_n stand_v in_o those_o day_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o it_o be_v no_o time_n for_o he_o to_o gain_v upon_o the_o people_n liberty_n nor_o have_v the_o statute_n of_o articuli_fw-la super_fw-la cartas_fw-la whereof_o we_o now_o treat_v be_v pen_v with_o these_o word_n if_o they_o will_v and_o questionless_a in_o these_o day_n we_o now_o live_v in_o if_o the_o people_n have_v but_o a_o little_a taste_n of_o this_o seem_a liberty_n of_o elect_a sheriff_n in_o the_o county_n court_n as_o former_o it_o be_v use_v it_o will_v be_v soon_o perceive_v that_o the_o election_n of_o these_o chief_a officer_n be_v better_o dispose_v in_o some_o other_o hand_n if_o right_o pursue_v homicide_n by_o misfortune_n shall_v not_o be_v adjudge_v murder_n 25._o chancemedly_n marlbr_n cap._n 25._o that_o the_o saxon_n make_v difference_n between_o homicide_n by_o misfortune_n and_o that_o which_o be_v do_v felleo_fw-la animo_fw-la or_o with_o a_o spirit_n of_o gall_n former_o have_v be_v show_v now_o what_o it_o be_v that_o alter_v the_o case_n i_o can_v say_v unless_o the_o violence_n cruelty_n and_o oppression_n of_o the_o time_n former_o all_o kind_n of_o manslaughter_n be_v finable_a i_o mean_v in_o the_o norman_a time_n and_o so_o may_v more_o rational_o be_v rank_v into_o one_o degree_n but_o now_o the_o punishment_n begin_v to_o change_v from_o forfeiture_n of_o estate_n and_o loss_n of_o member_n to_o death_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o estate_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v more_o necessary_a to_o make_v the_o difference_n in_o the_o penalty_n see_v in_o the_o fine_a former_o a_o difference_n be_v observe_v and_o this_o difference_n to_o assert_v by_o a_o law_n that_o may_v limit_v the_o invenomed_a spirit_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o those_o day_n robbery_n robbery_n robbery_n punish_v with_o death_n this_o crime_n hitherto_o be_v punish_v by_o fine_a and_o loss_n of_o member_n at_o the_o utmost_a but_o be_v now_o make_v capital_a &_o punish_v with_o death_n one_o example_n whereof_o and_o the_o first_o that_o story_n make_v mention_n of_o we_o find_v of_o a_o irish_a nobleman_n in_o the_o day_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o who_o suffer_v death_n for_o piracy_n and_o it_o be_v a_o law_n that_o then_o though_o rigorous_a yet_o seasonable_o be_v contrive_v to_o retard_v the_o beginning_n and_o hasten_v the_o conclusion_n of_o a_o civil_a war_n in_o a_o
king_n and_o complain_v of_o that_o summons_n as_o of_o a_o common_a grievance_n be_v cause_n that_o neither_o they_o nor_o their_o ancestor_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o that_o country_n and_o they_o obtain_v the_o king_n discharge_v under_o his_o broad_a seal_n according_o the_o like_a whereunto_o may_v be_v warrant_v out_o of_o the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o mortmain_n 1._o stat._n mortm_n 7_o edw._n 1._o which_o be_v make_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o these_o time_n by_o which_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o in_o case_n land_n be_v alien_v contrary_a to_o that_o statute_n and_o the_o immediate_a lord_n do_v not_o seize_v the_o same_o the_o king_n shall_v seize_v they_o and_o dispose_v they_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kinodome_n viz._n upon_o such_o service_n reserve_v as_o shall_v suit_n therewith_o as_o if_o all_o the_o service_n of_o a_o knight_n must_v conduce_v thereto_o and_o that_o he_o be_v no_o further_o bind_v to_o any_o service_n of_o his_o lord_n then_o will_v consist_v with_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o kingdom_n this_o be_v the_o doctrine_n that_o the_o sad_a experience_n of_o the_o late_a government_n of_o king_n in_o these_o time_n have_v teach_v the_o knighthood_n of_o england_n to_o hold_v for_o the_o future_a age_n militibus_fw-la stat._n de_fw-fr militibus_fw-la no_o tenant_n in_o ancient_a demesne_n or_o in_o burgage_n shall_v be_v distraim_v for_o the_o service_n of_o a_o knight_n clerk_n and_o tenant_n in_o socage_n of_o other_o manor_n then_o of_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v use_v as_o they_o have_v be_v former_o tenant_n in_o ancient_a demesne_n and_o tenant_n in_o burgage_n be_v absolute_o acquit_v from_o foreign_a service_n the_o one_o because_o they_o be_v in_o nature_n of_o the_o king_n husbandman_n and_o serve_v he_o and_o his_o family_n with_o victual_n the_o other_o because_o by_o their_o tenure_n they_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o burrow_n which_o in_o account_n be_v a_o limb_n or_o member_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o so_o in_o nature_n of_o a_o castle_n guard_n now_o as_o touch_v clerk_n and_o tenant_n in_o socage_n hold_v of_o a_o subject_n they_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o order_n of_o ancient_a use_n appear_v upon_o record_n as_o concern_v the_o clergy_n its_o evident_a by_o what_o have_v be_v former_o note_v that_o though_o they_o be_v importunate_a to_o be_v discharge_v of_o the_o service_n military_a in_o regard_n that_o their_o profession_n be_v for_o peace_n and_o not_o for_o blood_n yet_o can_v never_o obtain_v their_o desire_n for_o though_o their_o person_n may_v challenge_v exemption_n from_o that_o work_n yet_o their_o land_n be_v bind_v to_o find_v arm_n by_o their_o deputy_n for_o otherwise_o it_o have_v be_v unreasonable_a that_o so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o the_o clergy_n then_o have_v shall_v sit_v still_o and_o look_v on_o while_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n every_o one_o be_v engage_v in_o his_o own_o defence_n nor_o yet_o do_v the_o profession_n of_o these_o man_n to_o be_v man_n for_o peace_n hold_v always_o uniform_a some_o kind_n of_o war_n than_o be_v hold_v sacred_a and_o wherein_o they_o not_o only_o adventure_v their_o estate_n but_o even_o their_o own_o person_n and_o these_o not_o only_o in_o defensive_a way_n but_o by_o way_n of_o invasion_n and_o many_o time_n where_o no_o need_n be_v for_o they_o to_o appear_v tenant_n in_o socage_n also_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o service_n may_v plead_v exemption_n from_o the_o war_n for_o if_o not_o the_o plough_n must_v stand_v still_o and_o the_o land_n thereby_o become_v poor_a and_o lean_a nevertheless_o a_o general_a service_n of_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v impose_v upon_o all_o and_o husbandman_n must_v be_v soldier_n when_o the_o debate_n be_v who_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n in_o such_o case_n therefore_o they_o be_v evocati_fw-la ad_fw-la arma_fw-la to_o maintain_v and_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n but_o not_o compelable_a to_o foreign_a service_n as_o the_o knight_n be_v who_o service_n consist_v much_o in_o defence_n of_o their_o lord_n person_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o many_o time_n policy_n of_o war_n draw_v the_o lord_n into_o arm_n abroad_o to_o keep_v the_o enemy_n further_o from_o their_o border_n and_o the_o knight_n then_o under_o their_o lord_n pay_v go_v along_o with_o they_o and_o therefore_o the_o service_n of_o knighthood_n be_v common_o call_v servitium_fw-la forinsecum_fw-la of_o these_o socager_n do_v arise_v not_o only_o the_o body_n of_o english_a footman_n in_o their_o army_n 406._o council_n brit._n 406._o but_o the_o better_a and_o more_o wealthy_a sort_n of_o they_o find_v arm_n of_o a_o knight_n as_o former_o have_v be_v observe_v yet_o always_o under_o the_o pay_n of_o the_o common_a purse_n and_o if_o call_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o be_v mere_a volunteer_n for_o they_o be_v not_o call_v out_o by_o distress_n as_o knight_n be_v because_o they_o hold_v not_o their_o land_n by_o such_o service_n but_o they_o be_v summon_v by_o proclamation_n and_o probable_o be_v muster_v by_o the_o high_a constable_n in_o each_o hundred_o the_o law_n nevertheless_o remain_v still_o entire_a that_o all_o must_v be_v do_v not_o only_o add_v fidem_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la but_o also_o regni_n which_o be_v dispute_v and_o conclude_v by_o the_o sword_n for_o though_o king_n pretend_a danger_n to_o the_o public_a often_o time_n to_o raise_v the_o people_n yet_o the_o people_n will_v give_v credit_n as_o they_o please_v or_o if_o the_o king_n title_n be_v in_o question_n or_o the_o people_n liberty_n yet_o every_o man_n take_v liberty_n to_o side_n with_o that_o party_n that_o like_v he_o best_o nor_o do_v the_o king_n proclamation_n sway_v much_o this_o or_o that_o way_n it_o be_v true_a that_o precedent_n of_o those_o time_n cry_v up_o the_o king_n power_n of_o array_v all_o ship_n and_o man_n without_o respect_n unless_o of_o age_n or_o corporal_a disability_n but_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o no_o such_o array_n be_v but_o in_o time_n of_o no_o less_o know_v danger_n from_o abroad_o to_o the_o kingdom_n then_o imminent_a and_o therefore_o may_v be_v wrought_v more_o from_o the_o general_a fear_n of_o the_o enemy_n then_o from_o the_o king_n command_n and_o yet_o those_o time_n be_v always_o arm_v in_o neighbour_a nation_n and_o king_n may_v have_v pretend_v continual_a cause_n of_o array_v second_o it_o will_v no_o less_o clear_o appear_v that_o king_n use_v no_o such_o course_n but_o in_o case_n of_o general_a danger_n to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n either_o from_o foreign_a invasion_n as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n or_o from_o intestine_a broil_n 81._o 21_o e._n 1._o rot_n 81._o as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o the_o two_o edward_n successive_o and_o if_o the_o danger_n threaten_v only_o one_o coast_n the_o array_n be_v limit_v only_o to_o the_o part_n adjacent_a thereunto_o three_o it_o seem_v that_o general_n array_v be_v not_o levy_v by_o distress_n till_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o 5._o 23_o e._n 1._o memb._n 5._o and_o then_o only_o for_o the_o rendezvouz_n at_o the_o next_o sea_n coast_n and_o for_o defence_n against_o foreign_a invasion_n in_o which_o case_n all_o subject_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v concern_v by_o general_a service_n otherwise_o it_o can_v come_v unto_o no_o other_o account_n then_o that_o title_n prerogative_n and_o therein_o be_v character_v as_o a_o trick_n above_o the_o ordinary_a strain_n four_o those_o time_n bring_v forth_o no_o general_a array_n of_o all_o person_n between_o the_o age_n of_o sixteen_o year_n and_o sixty_o that_o be_v make_v by_o distress_n in_o any_o case_n of_o civil_a war_n but_o only_o by_o sheriff_n summons_n and_o in_o case_n of_o disobedience_n by_o summons_n to_o appear_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n which_o show_v that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n they_o be_v not_o compelable_a or_o punishable_a last_o though_o these_o array_v of_o man_n be_v sometime_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o king_n and_o sometime_o at_o the_o subject_n own_o charge_n yet_o that_o last_o be_v out_o of_o the_o ride_v way_n of_o the_o subject_n liberty_n as_o the_o subsequent_a time_n do_v full_o manifest_v and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o array_v of_o ship_n which_o however_o under_o command_n of_o king_n for_o public_a service_n be_v nevertheless_o rig_v and_o pay_v out_o of_o the_o public_a charge_n the_o sum_n of_o all_o will_v be_v that_o in_o case_n of_o defence_n from_o foreign_a invasion_n king_n have_v power_n of_o array_n according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o law_n if_o they_o exceed_v that_o rule_n it_o may_v be_v more_o right_o say_v they_o do_v what_o they_o will_v than_o what_o they_o ought_v
chap._n lxxi_o of_o the_o peace_n war_n and_o peace_n be_v two_o birth_n by_o several_a venture_n and_o may_v like_v the_o day_n and_o night_n succeed_v but_o can_v never_o inherit_v each_o to_o other_o and_o for_o that_o cause_n they_o may_v claim_v to_o belong_v to_o one_o father_n and_o that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o power_n shall_v act_v in_o both_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v no_o good_a maxim_n that_o he_o that_o be_v the_o chief_a commander_n in_o war_n ought_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a in_o the_o order_n of_o peace_n for_o it_o natural_o befall_v that_o war_n especial_o that_o which_o we_o call_v civil_a war_n like_o some_o disease_n in_o the_o body_n do_v rather_o breed_v ill_a humour_n than_o consume_v they_o and_o these_o must_v be_v purge_v by_o diet_v the_o state_n and_o constant_a course_n of_o justice_n unto_o which_o the_o rugged_a wave_n of_o war_n have_v little_a or_o no_o affinity_n if_o not_o enmity_n nevertheless_o the_o wisdom_n of_o our_o ancestor_n think_v it_o most_o meet_a to_o keep_v their_o king_n in_o work_n as_o well_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n as_o of_o war_n and_o therefore_o as_o they_o ancient_o refer_v the_o principal_a care_n thereof_o to_o the_o lord_n who_o together_o with_o certain_a select_a person_n in_o every_o county_n do_v administer_v justice_n in_o several_a iter_n or_o circuit_n so_o when_o king_n have_v once_o get_v the_o name_n of_o be_v chief_a in_o civil_a affair_n as_o they_o have_v it_o in_o martial_a they_o soon_o leave_v the_o lord_n behind_o they_o who_o also_o be_v willing_a enough_o with_o their_o own_o ease_n and_o have_v the_o name_n of_o do_v all_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v do_v by_o advice_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o directory_n of_o minister_n or_o commissioner_n thereto_o depute_v and_o thus_o that_o peace_n which_o former_o pass_v under_o the_o title_n of_o pax_fw-la domini_fw-la pax_fw-la vice_fw-la comitis_fw-la it_o be_v pax_fw-la regni_fw-la become_v by_o eminency_n swallow_v up_o in_o that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o king_n peace_n and_o the_o justice_n call_v the_o king_n justice_n and_o himself_o flatter_v into_o that_o title_n of_o fountain_n of_o justice_n which_o belong_v only_o to_o he_o that_o be_v the_o most_o high_a or_o chief_a lawgiver_n the_o manner_n how_o this_o honourable_a care_n of_o the_o safety_n and_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v employ_v may_v be_v refer_v to_o a_o double_a consideration_n the_o one_o in_o execution_n of_o justice_n upon_o delinquent_n the_o other_o in_o prevent_v occasion_n of_o offence_n or_o delinquency_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o public_a peace_n may_v be_v endanger_v the_o first_o be_v act_v diverse_o according_a to_o the_o present_a sense_n of_o affair_n for_o what_o be_v at_o first_o do_v by_o the_o prince_n in_o their_o circuit_n tacitus_n tacitus_n with_o one_o hundred_o of_o the_o commons_o call_v comites_fw-la and_o that_o do_v per_fw-la pagos_fw-la vicesque_fw-la be_v afterward_o do_v by_o itinerant_a judge_n send_v from_o the_o king_n for_o the_o great_a matter_n and_o by_o lord_n in_o their_o leet_n governor_n or_o chief_a magistrate_n of_o town_n in_o their_o court_n and_o sheriff_n in_o their_o tornes_n as_o judices_fw-la stati_fw-la for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o people_n in_o matter_n of_o less_o moment_n i_o say_v i_o conceive_v it_o be_v in_o the_o tear_v for_o i_o suppose_v no_o emergent_a court_n take_v up_o upon_o occasion_n can_v by_o the_o law_n draw_v a_o necessity_n of_o a_o sudden_a appearance_n of_o all_o above_o twelve_o year_n of_o age_n at_o the_o same_o 25._o 52_o hen._n 3._o marlb_n cap._n 25._o and_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n it_o seem_v that_o one_o certain_a tear_v every_o year_n be_v hold_v for_o inquiry_n of_o homicide_n unto_o which_o all_o above_o twelve_o year_n of_o age_n be_v to_o come_v except_o baron_n clergy_n and_o woman_n or_o otherwise_o all_o such_o have_v be_v bind_v to_o attendance_n on_o every_o tear_v nevertheless_o the_o work_n of_o the_o tornes_n continue_v not_o to_o hear_v and_o determine_v as_o ancient_o they_o have_v do_v for_o in_o henry_n the_o three_o time_n and_o former_o divers_a man_n have_v prison_n to_o their_o own_o use_n some_o as_o palatine_n 9_o mitor_n cap._n 2._o sec._n 9_o other_o as_o lord_n of_o franchise_n and_o other_o by_o power_n and_o usurpation_n and_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o all_o fine_n incident_a and_o by_o this_o mean_v many_o be_v fine_v that_o deserve_v it_o not_o 19_o mag._n cart_n cap._n 19_o and_o some_o also_o that_o deserve_v worse_o to_o prevent_v which_o evil_a henry_n the_o three_o take_v away_o that_o power_n of_o hold_v crown-plea_n 3._o glocest_n cap._n 8._o west_n 1._o cap._n 3._o and_o edward_n the_o first_o take_v away_o their_o power_n to_o determine_v escape_n and_o leave_v they_o only_o the_o power_n of_o inquiry_n and_o to_o certify_v at_o the_o next_o come_v of_o the_o justice_n but_o these_o injurious_a time_n have_v hold_v too_o long_o to_o be_v forget_v or_o lay_v aside_o by_o such_o cool_a pursuit_n man_n be_v still_o ordinary_o imprison_v and_o so_o continue_v oftentimes_o till_o the_o come_n of_o the_o justice_n itinerant_a for_o whereas_o in_o case_n of_o bloodshed_n the_o writ_n de_fw-fr odio_fw-la &_o gratia_fw-la be_v a_o remedy_n the_o other_o have_v no_o remedy_n but_o by_o procure_v a_o commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n which_o ordinary_o be_v a_o cure_n worse_o than_o the_o hurt_n 1._o stat._n wint._n 13_o edw._n 1._o as_o a_o remedy_n hereof_o edward_n the_o first_o find_v out_o the_o new_a way_n of_o make_v justice_n of_o peace_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o statute_n at_o winton_n which_o law_n be_v purposely_o make_v for_o the_o conserve_n of_o the_o peace_n provide_v for_o penalty_n of_o crime_n already_o commit_v as_o well_o as_o for_o the_o suppress_n of_o future_a ordain_v that_o offence_n against_o that_o law_n shall_v be_v present_v to_o justice_n assign_v to_o inquire_v thereof_o and_o though_o these_o at_o the_o first_o may_v be_v itinerant_a yet_o it_o soon_o make_v way_n to_o resiant_a and_o before_o that_o statute_n it_o seem_v the_o king_n have_v find_v out_o the_o way_n 176_o coke_n inst_z 4._o p._n 176_o if_o that_o note_n be_v true_a which_o be_v leave_v revive_v into_o memory_n by_o that_o honourable_a reporter_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o six_o year_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o say_v that_o then_o prima_fw-la fuit_fw-la institutio_fw-la justiciariorum_fw-la pro_fw-la pace_fw-la conservanda_fw-la and_o yet_o some_o semblance_n there_o be_v that_o it_o be_v yet_o more_o ancient_a even_o in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 1._o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o the_o sense_n of_o that_o clause_n in_o his_o law_n concern_v vagabond_n he_o order_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v carry_v justiciae_fw-la quae_fw-la praeest_fw-la 58._o hen._n 1._o cap._n 58._o although_o the_o language_n be_v not_o so_o clerkly_a as_o to_o speak_v the_o sense_n out_o now_o though_o their_o work_n as_o yet_o be_v but_o in_o trial_n and_o they_o be_v only_o trust_v with_o power_n of_o inquiry_n yet_o it_o induce_v a_o new_a way_n wherein_o the_o sheriff_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o entrust_v to_o intermeddle_v and_o which_o not_o only_o intermit_v the_o course_n of_o his_o proceed_n in_o such_o matter_n but_o also_o lead_v the_o way_n to_o the_o dispoil_n of_o the_o sheriff_n tear_v and_o lord_n leet_n of_o that_o little_a remainder_n that_o be_v leave_v they_o of_o judicatory_a power_n in_o matter_n that_o be_v against_o the_o peace_n and_o make_v their_o inquisitory_a power_n less_o regardful_a and_o ease_v the_o justice_n itinerant_a of_o much_o of_o their_o work_n in_o regard_n they_o be_v speedy_o to_o certify_v up_o to_o the_o king_n and_o so_o these_o matter_n shall_v be_v determine_v in_o parliament_n according_a as_o those_o justice_n be_v elect_v in_o parliament_n who_o as_o it_o seem_v be_v jealous_a of_o give_v the_o power_n of_o determine_v those_o offence_n into_o any_o sudden_a hand_n to_o sum_n up_o then_o the_o first_o part_n as_o touch_v the_o punishment_n of_o offence_n against_o the_o peace_n the_o wheel_n be_v now_o in_o the_o turn_n the_o leet_n and_o tornes_n begin_v to_o be_v slight_v the_o labour_n of_o the_o justice_n itinerant_a lessen_v the_o commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n difuse_v by_o the_o bring_n in_o of_o a_o new_a order_n of_o justice_n for_o the_o peace_n especial_o appoint_v and_o the_o parliament_n as_o the_o supreme_a providor_n leave_v as_o the_o reserve_n for_o the_o assert_v and_o maintenance_n of_o the_o same_o albeit_o that_o under_o it_o the_o power_n of_o determine_v much_o rest_v upon_o justice_n or_o judge_n that_o attend_v the_o king_n court_n after_o that_o the_o common_a plea_n be_v settle_v and_o confine_v to_o a_o certain_a place_n the_o preserve_n of_o the_o peace_n for_o the_o future_a
saxon_n p._n 68_o norman_n p._n 133_o hundred_o setena_n saxon_n p._n 68_o i_o idolatry_n punish_v by_o the_o saxon_n p._n 97_o norman_n p._n 138_o vide_fw-la blasphemy_n imprisonment_n saxon_n p._n 100_o norman_n p._n 151_o incest_n punish_v by_o the_o saxon_n p._n 101_o indictment_n saxon_a law_n p._n 85_o infancy_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 88_o after_o p._n 198_o infangtheoff_n saxon_n p._n 74_o inheritance_n saxon_n p._n 102_o norman_n p._n 160_o after_o p._n 196_o etc._n etc._n inquest_n saxon_n p._n 91_o interdict_v in_o the_o saxon_a time_n p._n 38_o after_o p._n 182_o intent_n punish_v by_o the_o norman_n p._n 151_o intestate_a saxon_a law_n p._n 109_o norman_n p._n 143_o afterward_o 232_o etc._n etc._n 264_o etc._n etc._n john_n p._n 170_o judgement_n vide_fw-la execution_n judge_n vide_fw-la justice_n judicatory_a 189_o etc._n etc._n jury_n grand_a &_o petit_fw-fr among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 91_o justice_n and_o their_o court_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 84_o chief_a justice_n p._n 191_o judge_n or_o justice_n itinerant_a after_o the_o norman_n p._n 192_o 199_o 284_o k_o king_n among_o the_o saxon_n election_n continuance_n covenant_n maintenance_n power_n in_o church-matter_n p._n 46_o etc._n etc._n 56_o among_o the_o norman_n election_n 113_o etc._n etc._n covenant_n 116._o etc._n etc._n power_n in_o church_n matter_n p._n p._n 123_o etc._n etc._n in_o the_o time_n of_o steven_n henry_n the_o second_o richard_z the_o first_o and_z john_n election_n p._n 165_o power_n in_o church_n matter_n p._n 176_o etc._n etc._n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o edward_z the_o first_o and_z edward_z the_o second_o succession_n p._n 208_o etc._n etc._n power_n in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n p._n 225_o etc._n etc._n 233_o in_o civil_a affair_n 277_o etc._n etc._n 317_o etc._n etc._n knightservice_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 76_o marriage_n p._n 146_o 202_o 255_o acquittal_n p._n 149_o widow_n p._n 256_o l_o language_n endeavour_v to_o be_v change_v by_o the_o norman_n p._n 161_o lashlight_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 99_o lecturer_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 28_o leet_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 78_o legierwit_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 100_o livery_n and_o seisin_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 108_o london_n p._n 257_o lordsday_n maintain_v by_o the_o saxon_n p._n 98_o by_o the_o norman_n as_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n p._n 139_o lord_n their_o counsel_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 62_o 84_o from_o the_o conqueror_n time_n till_o henry_n the_o three_o p._n 174_o lorica_fw-la what_o it_o be_v p._n 309_o lucius_n p._n 9_o etc._n etc._n luminary_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 31_o lunacy_n vide_fw-la fool_n m_o magna_fw-la carta_fw-la p._n 172_o renew_a with_o the_o curse_n p._n 210_o stat._n etc._n etc._n p._n 253_o cap._n 35._o p._n 244_o cap._n 37._o p._n 245_o mainpernour_n by_o the_o saxon_n p._n 85_o 87_o by_o the_o norman_n p._n 151_o maim_n punish_v by_o the_o saxon_n p._n 100_o manbota_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 99_o manor_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 75_o norman_n p._n 134_o manslaughter_n punish_v by_o the_o saxon_n p._n 99_o norman_n p._n 140_o after_o p._n 195_o manumission_n p._n 137_o marriage_n portion_n vide_fw-la dower_n marriage_n vide_fw-la knightservice_n merchant_n magna_fw-la carta_fw-la p._n 272_o march_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 72_o norman_n p._n 131_o market_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 80_o norman_n p._n 143_o vide_fw-la township_n marshal_n court_n p._n 285_o matrimonial_a cause_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 41_o medietas_fw-la linguae_fw-la among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 92_o metropolitan_a among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 23_o micklemote_a among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 57_o the_o primacy_n of_o canterbury_n settle_v there_o p._n 36_o mill_n tithe_v p._n 240_o militia_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 63_o the_o norman_n p._n 152_o during_o the_o king_n next_o ensue_v p._n 205_o during_o henry_n 3_o edward_n 1_o edward_n 2_o p._n 294_o mint_n among_o the_o saxon_n norman_n p._n 137_o monastery_n admission_n p._n 183_o mortdancester_n p._n 198_o 261_o mortmain_n p._n 245_o mortuary_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 32_o n_n news_n scandalous_a p._n 292_o nightwatche_n by_o the_o norman_n p._n 141_o after_o p._n 304_o nobility_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 53_o from_o the_o norman_n time_n p._n 172_o from_o king_n john_n time_n p._n 221_o norman_n their_o title_n etc._n etc._n p._n 113_o etc._n etc._n not_o conquest_n p._n 155_o novel_a disseisin_n p._n 199_o 261_o o_o oblation_n cognisance_n p._n 235_o odio_fw-la &_o atia_n p._n 269_o etc._n etc._n officer_n power_n great_a than_o king_n p._n 173_o ordeale_o among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 89_o ordinary_n intestate_a p._n 232_o outfangtheoff_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 74_o ostiaries_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 28_o oath_n p._n 246_o 271_o p_o palatine_n county_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 73_o parish_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 35_o parliament_n p._n 120_o 278_o park_n trespass_n p._n 292_o passage_n p._n 272_o peace_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 100_o the_o norman_n p._n 140_o after_o p._n 300_o penal_a law_n saxon_n p._n 96_o norman_n p._n 138_o after_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n 2._o p._n 193_o after_o p._n 286_o perjury_n punish_v by_o the_o saxon_n p._n 40_o 101_o peer_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 93_o peterpence_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 32_o the_o norman_n p._n 139_o pledge_n p._n 150_o plough_v alm_n saxon_n p._n 32_o pope_n power_n p._n 19_o 177_o 184_o oppression_n of_o the_o clergy_n p._n 225_o prelacy_n in_o england_n not_o till_o constantine_n time_n 11._o come_v from_o rome_n by_o austin_n p._n 21_o etc._n etc._n sudden_o grow_v p._n 44_o praecipe_fw-la mag._n carta_fw-la p._n 268_o prior_n vide_fw-la abbat_n presbyter_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 27_o presentment_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 86_o priority_n vide_fw-la tenure_n prohibition_n p._n 228_o 233_o protector_n p._n 209_o province_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 35_o purveyance_n p._n 244_o 265_o etc._n etc._n q_o quare_fw-la clausum_fw-la fregit_fw-la saxon_n p._n 101_o quare_fw-la excommunicavit_fw-la p._n 227_o quare_fw-la non_fw-la admisit_fw-la ibid._n quarentine_n p._n 256_o 282_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la p._n 244_o r_o ransome_n p._n 94_o 260_o rape_n norman_n p._n 141_o after_o p._n 195_o etc._n etc._n 288_o reasonable_a part_n 257_o 264_o vide_fw-la dower_n redemption_n vide_fw-la ransome_n redesseisin_n p._n 292_o relief_n norman_n p._n 145_o after_o p._n 201_o religious_a house_n vide_fw-la abbey_n replevy_n norman_a p_o 142_o 259_o richard_n the_o first_o p._n 169_o roman_n entry_n p._n 5_o the_o papalty_n with_o seven_o degree_n of_o their_o church_n officer_n p._n 29_o seven_o sort_n of_o church_n maintenance_n p._n 35_o romescot_n romesfeogh_n vide_fw-la heardpenny_n robbery_n punish_v by_o saxon_n p._n 101_o by_o norman_n p._n 142_o after_o p._n 193_o 195_o 287_o 304_o s_o sabbath_n day_n saxon_a law_n p._n 98_o sacrilege_n saxon_a law_n p._n 41_o sanctuary_n p._n 139_o 183_o 242_o saxon_n in_o england_n mingle_v p._n 90_o seal_n vide_fw-la deed_n p._n 107_o sheriff_n saxon_n p._n 65_o extortion_n p._n 275_o 286_o simony_n punish_v by_o the_o saxon_n p._n 41_o sorcery_n vide_fw-la witchery_n soulshot_n saxon_n p_o 32_o socage_n saxon_n p._n 77_o steven_n his_o government_n p._n 165_o stat._n magna_fw-la carta_fw-la vide_fw-la magna_fw-la carta_fw-la merton_n cap._n 1_o 2_o 6_o 7_o p._n 156_o cap._n 1._o p._n 282_o cap._n 3._o p._n 292_o cap._n 9_o p._n 252_o cap._n 10._o p._n 275_o cap._n 11._o p._n 295_o marlbridge_n cap._n 1_o 2_o 3._o p._n 259_o cap._n 4._o ibid._n cap._n 5._o p._n 280_o cap._n 8._o p._n 292_o cap._n 9_o p._n 264_o cap._n 10._o p._n 229_o 275_o cap._n 15._o p._n 259_o cap._n 16._o p._n 254_o cap._n 17._o p._n 282_o cap._n 19_o p._n 262_o cap._n 20._o p._n 261_o cap._n 21._o p._n 259_o cap._n 22._o p._n 260_o cap._n 25._o p._n 287_o 302_o cap._n 29._o p._n 229_o westm_n 1._o cap._n 1_o 2_o 5._o p._n 231_o etc._n etc._n cap._n 3._o p._n 289_o 302_o cap._n 4._o p._n 281_o cap._n 6._o p._n 263_o cap._n 9_o p._n 289_o cap._n 10._o p._n 286_o cap._n 11._o p._n 270_o cap._n 12._o p._n 289_o cap._n 13._o p_o 288_o cap._n 14._o p._n 275_o cap._n 15._o p._n 290_o cap._n 16._o p._n 260_o cap._n 20._o p._n 292_o cap._n 22._o p._n 256_o cap._n 23._o p._n 286_o cap._n 32._o p._n 266_o cap._n 33._o p._n 275_o cap._n 34._o p._n 292_o cap._n 36._o p._n 285_o cap._n 51_o p._n 261_o bigami_fw-la p._n 247_o etc._n etc._n glocest_n cap._n 1._o p._n 262_o cap._n 5._o p._n 255_o cap._n 6._o p._n 261_o cap._n 8._o p._n 285_o 302_o cap._n 9_o p._n 270_o de_fw-fr religiosis_fw-la p._n 245_o westm_n 2._o cap._n 13._o p._n 275_o cap._n 16._o p._n 256_o cap._n 19_o p._n 232_o cap._n 24._o p._n 285_o cap._n 26._o p._n 292_o cap._n 29._o p._n 270_o 285_o cap._n 30._o p._n 262_o cap._n 33._o p._n 245_o cap._n 34._o p._n 288_o winton_n p._n 302_o etc._n etc._n circumspect_a agatis_fw-la p._n 233_o etc._n etc._n quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la p._n 274_o de_fw-fr judaismo_fw-la p._n 273_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la p._n 244_o de_fw-fr vasto_fw-la p._n 255_o de_fw-fr consultatione_n habenda_fw-la p._n 238_o de_fw-fr wardis_fw-la p._n 254_o artic._n super_fw-la cart._n cap._n 2._o p._n 266_o cap_n 3._o p._n 285_o cap._n 9_o p._n 286_o cap._n 12._o p._n 260_o cap._n 13_o 14._o p._n 276_o cap._n 15._o p._n 285_o cap._n 18._o p._n 255_o conjunct_a feoffat_n p._n 262_o amortizand_n terris_fw-la p._n 246_o asportat_fw-la bonis_fw-la relig._n p._n 244_o de_fw-fr militibus_fw-la p._n 294_o artic._n cleri_fw-la p._n 219_o 238_o vicecomit_n p._n 219_o 276_o 286_o de_fw-fr priscis_fw-la bonis_fw-la cleri_fw-la p._n 219_o 244_o prerog_n reg_fw-la p._n 220_o cap._n 3_o 13._o p._n 254_o cap._n 7._o p._n 274_o cap._n 9_o p._n 280_o cap._n 11._o p._n 281_o cap._n 14_o 16._o p._n 268_o subdeacons_n p._n 28_o suit_n of_o court_n p._n 202_o vide_fw-la manor_n synod_n briton_n p._n 11_o saxon_n p._n 37_o disadvantageous_a to_o prelacy_n p._n 45_o norman_n p._n 127_o without_o the_o laity_n p._n 187_o power_n p._n 248_o etc._n etc._n t_o tail_n saxon_a law_n p._n 105_o tax_n p._n 278_o vide_fw-la free_n man_n tenor_n vide_fw-la manor_n norman_n change_v they_o not_o p._n 161_o tenor_n by_o several_a lord_n priority_n p._n 200_o by_o escheat_n p_o 273_o term_n saxon_n p._n 110_o testament_n saxon_n p._n 108_o after_o p._n 202_o etc._n etc._n theft_n cognisance_n p._n 193_o 195_o tithe_n original_a p._n 30_o cognisance_n p._n 43_o norman_n p._n 139_o 778_o 238_o 240_o tear_v saxon_n p._n 67_o 275_o torture_n among_o the_o saxon_n p._n 88_o township_n and_o their_o court_n saxon_n p._n 81_o norman_n p._n 134_o treason_n punish_v by_o saxon_n p._n 98_o after_o p._n 194_o trover_n of_o good_n p._n 143_o trotheplight_n p._n 179_o five_o vacancy_n of_o church_n p._n 179_o etc._n etc._n 185_o vacation_n vide_fw-la term_n view_v of_o piedge_n saxon_n p._n 78_o norman_n p._n 134_o after_o p._n 263_o 275_o villain_n saxon_n p._n 56_o norman_n p._n 137_o violence_n do_v to_o clerk_n p._n 235_o use_v in_o deed_n of_o conveyance_n saxon_n p._n 107_o usury_n p._n 273_o w_n wardship_n p._n 148_o 202_o 254_o 270_o warranty_n saxon_n p._n 107_o wear_v p._n 268_o wera_n wergilda_fw-la saxon_n p._n 99_o weight_n and_o measure_n saxon_n p._n 28_o norman_n p._n 142_o 269_o widow_n vide_fw-la socage_n and_o knightservice_n william_n the_o first_o p._n 113_o etc._n etc._n william_n rufus_n p._n 118_o wife_n saxon_n p._n 98_o will_n vide_fw-la testament_n witness_n deed_n saxon_n p._n 108_o witchery_n p._n 40_o punish_v by_o saxon_n p._n 97_o wita_n saxon_n p._n 99_o worship_n saxon_n cognisance_n p._n 39_o wreck_n p._n 281_o finis_fw-la