Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	court_n	great_a	king_n	2,817	5	3.7634	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A52346	An embassy from the East-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham, Emperor of China deliver'd by their excellencies, Peter de Goyer and Jacob de Keyzer, at his imperial city of Peking : wherein the cities, towns, villages, ports, rivers, &c. in their passages from Canton to Peking are ingeniously describ'd / by Mr. John Nieuhoff ... ; also an epistle of Father John Adams their antagonist, concerning the whole negotiation ; with an appendix of several remarks taken out of Father Athanasius Kircher ; English'd, and set forth with their several sculptures, by John Ogilby Esq. ...; Gezantschap der Neerlandtsche Oost-Indische Compagnie aan den grooten Tartarischen Cham, den tegenwoordigen keizer van China. English	Nieuhof, Johannes, 1618-1672.; Goyer, Pieter de.; Keizer, Jacob de.; Kircher, Athanasius, 1602-1680. China monumentis. Selections. English.; Ogilby, John, 1600-1676.; Schall von Bell, Johann Adam, 1592?-1666.; Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie.	1673 (1673)	Wing N1153; ESTC R3880	438,428	416

and_o complain_v with_o tear_n in_o their_o eye_n kiangus_n who_o take_v compassion_n of_o they_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o injustice_n and_o villainy_n of_o the_o fact_n send_v immediate_o one_o of_o his_o attendant_n to_o the_o viceroy_n panang_v with_o request_n that_o he_o will_v be_v please_v to_o give_v order_n that_o the_o ravish_a bride_n may_v be_v restore_v to_o her_o bridegroom_n for_o that_o he_o be_v grow_v distract_v upon_o the_o loss_n of_o she_o desire_v also_o that_o care_n may_v be_v take_v to_o prevent_v the_o like_a abuse_n for_o the_o future_a but_o the_o viceroy_n give_v no_o heed_n to_o this_o request_n of_o the_o governor_n but_o suffer_v the_o tartar_n to_o go_v away_o with_o the_o rape_n unquestioned_a which_o kiangus_n take_v so_o to_o heart_n that_o he_o go_v to_o the_o viceroy_n himself_o in_o person_n who_o not_o only_o refuse_v to_o give_v he_o audience_n upon_o it_o but_o command_v he_o to_o be_v put_v out_o of_o his_o court._n kiangus_n boil_v with_o revenge_n at_o this_o uncivil_a carriage_n of_o the_o viceroy_n towards_o he_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v never_o serve_v those_o that_o countenance_n such_o abominable_a action_n and_o not_o long_o after_o have_v draw_v his_o force_n together_o he_o come_v with_o they_o and_o fall_v upon_o panang_n in_o his_o court_n kill_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o follower_n but_o panang_v save_v himself_o by_o be_v let_v down_o with_o a_o rope_n over_o the_o wall_n and_o so_o escape_v with_o his_o life_n kiangus_n hereupon_o know_v that_o what_o he_o have_v do_v be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n to_o make_v he_o lose_v his_o head_n if_o he_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o tartar_n set_v up_o his_o standard_n and_o promise_n to_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n but_o name_v none_o in_o particular_a for_o he_o know_v not_o that_o junglieu_n be_v elect_v to_o that_o dignity_n be_v at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n from_o he_o he_o likewise_o use_v all_o endeavour_n to_o draw_v the_o chineses_n to_o take_v part_n with_o he_o and_o to_o stand_v up_o for_o the_o regain_n the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n which_o by_o the_o unheard_a of_o oppression_n of_o the_o tartar_n they_o have_v lose_v several_a commander_n and_o officer_n hear_v of_o this_o come_v and_o join_v with_o he_o so_o that_o by_o this_o revolt_n of_o kiangus_n new_a trouble_n be_v arisen_a in_o the_o emperor_n court_n at_o peking_n and_o the_o more_o in_o regard_n the_o western_a tartar_n favour_v he_o who_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v more_o man_n into_o the_o field_n than_o the_o eastern_a especial_o horse_n of_o which_o they_o have_v great_a plenty_n whereas_o there_o be_v but_o few_o in_o the_o other_o now_o to_o nip_v these_o rise_n in_o the_o bud_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o kiangus_n a_o very_a great_a army_n be_v forthwith_o raise_v in_o peking_n and_o send_v against_o he_o kiangus_n who_o be_v no_o less_o wise_a than_o valiant_a and_o very_o well_o understand_v the_o humour_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v converse_v many_o year_n with_o they_o at_o first_o seem_v as_o if_o he_o be_v afraid_a to_o stay_v the_o come_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o he_o flee_v with_o his_o force_n but_o this_o be_v do_v only_o out_o of_o policy_n to_o draw_v they_o to_o pursue_v after_o he_o have_v by_o the_o way_n lay_v a_o ambuscade_n for_o they_o which_o take_v good_a effect_n the_o tartar_n be_v thereby_o set_v upon_o and_o defeat_v and_o after_o they_o have_v rally_v be_v beat_v in_o the_o open_a field_n a_o second_o time_n the_o news_n of_o this_o double_a defeat_n be_v bring_v to_o peking_n occasion_v again_o new_a trouble_n in_o the_o court_n especial_o when_o they_o hear_v that_o kiangus_n his_o army_n consist_v of_o above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o horseman_n and_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o foot_n of_o which_o great_a multitude_n there_o be_v no_o wonder_n for_o every_o person_n be_v glad_a of_o his_o success_n and_o ready_a to_o follow_v he_o as_o the_o redeemer_n of_o their_o country_n from_o the_o tartar_n slavery_n when_o now_o the_o emperor_n uncle_n understand_v with_o how_o great_a success_n this_o kiangus_n proceed_v he_o resolve_v to_o march_v himself_o with_o all_o the_o force_n the_o empire_n be_v able_a to_o make_v against_o he_o for_o he_o dare_v not_o trust_v any_o with_o a_o concern_v upon_o which_o depend_v the_o welfare_n of_o the_o whole_a state_n he_o therefore_o cause_v the_o eight_o standard_n under_o who_o march_v all_o the_o whole_a tartar_n militia_n to_o be_v make_v ready_a for_o the_o war_n and_o according_o that_o he_o may_v lose_v no_o time_n draw_v forth_o the_o choice_a soldier_n of_o this_o great_a body_n wherewith_o he_o march_v against_o kiangus_n to_o chastise_v he_o for_o his_o revolt_n strengthen_v himself_o also_o by_o the_o way_n with_o the_o addition_n of_o many_o more_o force_n which_o he_o have_v from_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o although_o he_o command_v a_o very_a great_a army_n yet_o he_o avoid_v by_o all_o mean_n fight_v with_o kiangus_n who_o give_v he_o occasion_n and_o provoke_v he_o on_o purpose_n to_o draw_v he_o to_o battle_n but_o the_o tartar_n take_v a_o better_a course_n fear_v the_o uncertain_a event_n of_o war_n in_o a_o battle_n and_o know_v how_o to_o overcome_v his_o enemy_n at_o a_o far_o cheap_a rate_n as_o be_v but_o ill_o furnish_v with_o provision_n and_o therefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o delay_v he_o so_o long_o till_o he_o shall_v be_v compel_v to_o leave_v the_o field_n for_o want_v of_o victual_n and_o other_o necessary_n beside_o another_o reason_n that_o make_v he_o unwilling_a to_o give_v battle_n be_v because_o he_o first_o desire_v to_o receive_v a_o answer_n from_o the_o western_a tartar_n king_n to_o who_o he_o have_v send_v a_o ambassador_n with_o very_o rich_a present_n and_o several_a handsome_a woman_n with_o order_n also_o to_o demand_v his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n for_o the_o emperor_n his_o nephew_n and_o request_v he_o not_o to_o give_v any_o assistance_n to_o kiangus_n the_o rebel_n and_o so_o much_o operation_n have_v this_o embassy_n upon_o the_o king_n of_o taniju_n or_o west-tartary_n that_o he_o return_v the_o ambassador_n immediate_o with_o a_o satisfactory_a answer_n and_o promise_v that_o he_o will_v continue_v from_o thenceforward_a in_o peace_n and_o amity_n with_o the_o great_a cham._n kiangus_n also_o have_v send_v thither_o for_o aid_n but_o find_v himself_o frustrate_v in_o his_o expectation_n and_o desert_v think_v it_o most_o advisable_a for_o he_o to_o make_v towards_o the_o city_n of_o taitung_n into_o which_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o enter_v but_o the_o tartar_a force_n be_v at_o his_o heel_n and_o get_v to_o the_o very_a gate_n and_o in_o the_o space_n of_o three_o day_n with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o peasant_n who_o be_v compel_v to_o come_v in_o a_o deep_a trench_n of_o ten_o mile_n in_o circumference_n be_v draw_v round_o about_o it_o whereupon_o kiangus_n find_v himself_o thus_o pen_v up_o and_o that_o no_o relief_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v but_o he_o must_v either_o be_v kill_v or_o starve_v like_o a_o valiant_a commander_n thus_o bespeak_v his_o man_n you_o see_v fellow_n soldier_n into_o what_o a_o straight_a we_o be_v reduce_v there_o be_v no_o hope_n to_o escape_v but_o by_o fight_v like_o man_n the_o sword_n on_o one_o side_n and_o hunger_n on_o the_o other_o encompass_v we_o let_v we_o not_o suffer_v ourselves_o to_o perish_v with_o hunger_n but_o rather_o with_o our_o sword_n in_o our_o hand_n dear_o sell_v they_o our_o life_n or_o with_o their_o hazard_n cut_v the_o way_n to_o our_o safety_n through_o our_o enemy_n carcase_n i_o for_o my_o part_n will_v die_v with_o my_o zable_n in_o my_o hand_n he_o have_v no_o soon_o end_v his_o speech_n but_o he_o and_o all_o his_o force_n make_v a_o sally_n out_o into_o the_o trench_n where_o both_o side_n fight_v for_o a_o while_n with_o equal_a courage_n till_o kiangus_n unhappy_o strike_v with_o a_o dart_n fall_v down_o dead_a at_o the_o very_a sight_n whereof_o the_o chineses_n despair_v of_o make_v their_o way_n through_o the_o enemy_n some_o fling_v down_o their_o arm_n and_o call_v for_o quarter_n other_o betake_v themselves_o to_o fight_n such_o as_o submit_v free_o to_o the_o tartar_n have_v their_o life_n spare_v for_o they_o now_o think_v they_o have_v do_v enough_o in_o overcome_v so_o great_a and_o dread_a a_o enemy_n who_o power_n will_v have_v endanger_v the_o loss_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n after_o they_o have_v clear_v the_o field_n and_o total_o rout_v and_o destroy_v the_o chinese_n army_n they_o march_v into_o the_o city_n taitung_n who_o plunder_n be_v give_v to_o the_o victorious_a soldier_n and_o not_o long_o after_o the_o general_n have_v first_o take_v care_n for_o the_o

one_o i_o say_v who_o right_o understand_v what_o i_o have_v above_o relate_v concern_v the_o voyage_n of_o st._n thomas_n the_o apostle_n which_o be_v at_o large_a handle_v by_o osorius_n bishop_n of_o sylva_n who_o have_v elegant_o compile_v the_o indian_a history_n whence_o from_o these_o region_n even_o now_o declare_v viz._n from_o cabul_n caphurstan_n tibet_n and_o mogul_n he_o may_v easy_o by_o the_o bishop_n his_o successor_n propagate_v the_o sacred_a gospel_n of_o christ_n into_o the_o remote_a province_n and_o kingdom_n to_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o tartary_n this_o ortelius_n open_o confirm_v who_o say_v that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o archon_n situate_v in_o the_o utmost_a angle_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o north_n be_v convert_v unto_o the_o christian_a faith_n by_o st._n thomas_n you_o must_v understand_v it_o of_o of_o his_o successor_n so_o that_o by_o this_o account_n there_o be_v no_o part_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o world_n which_o have_v not_o be_v fill_v with_o the_o light_n of_o the_o gospel_n by_o his_o care_n and_o diligence_n nicephorus_n also_o relate_v in_o his_o second_o book_n chap._n 39_o that_o st._n philip_n preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o the_o upper_a asia_n now_o the_o upper_a asia_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o vast_a space_n of_o asia_n minor_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o scythia_n on_o this_o side_n and_o beyond_o imaus_n and_o they_o be_v all_o those_o region_n which_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o extreme_a limit_n of_o the_o eastern_a sea_n and_o about_o the_o caspian_a sea_n as_o georgia_n iberia_n albanior_fw-la micrelia_n armenia_n and_o part_n of_o the_o transmarine_a asiatic_a tartary_n from_o whence_o in_o course_n of_o time_n the_o gospel_n of_o our_o saviour_n by_o a_o far_o sprout_v be_v transplant_v into_o all_o the_o circumjacent_a kingdom_n as_o thebet_n indostan_n tanchut_v and_o the_o like_a chrysostome_n say_v that_o st._n bartholomew_n instruct_v the_o people_n of_o the_o great_a armenia_n in_o the_o christian_a faith_n sophrinus_fw-la say_v that_o he_o teach_v the_o albanian_o and_o origen_n that_o he_o preach_v to_o the_o hithermost_a indian_n panthenus_n a_o christian_a philosopher_n say_v that_o when_o he_o travel_v to_o the_o indian_n he_o find_v christianity_n yet_o flourish_v by_o the_o preach_a of_o st._n bartholomew_n he_o that_o be_v curious_a to_o know_v more_o concern_v this_o let_v he_o have_v recourse_n unto_o the_o history_n of_o the_o armenian_n which_o they_o call_v giarrentir_n that_o be_v a_o book_n of_o relation_n which_o clemens_n galanus_n a_o canon_n regular_n who_o spend_v many_o year_n in_o armenia_n georgia_n and_o the_o other_o region_n of_o colchis_n to_o propagate_v the_o christian_a faith_n here_o publish_v at_o rome_n first_o of_o all_o therefore_o the_o christian_a faith_n be_v introduce_v into_o the_o forementioned_a kingdom_n by_o the_o apostle_n thomas_n philip_n and_o bartholomew_n which_o afterward_o in_o course_n of_o time_n be_v propagate_v and_o cultivate_v by_o their_o successor_n very_o holy_a man_n and_o illuminate_v with_o the_o holy_a spirit_n diffuse_v and_o spread_v the_o light_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n throughout_o the_o whole_a east_n unto_o the_o great_a advantage_n of_o soul_n until_o by_o the_o want_n of_o laborer_n the_o people_n follow_v a_o more_o dissolute_a and_o ill_a mode_n of_o life_n degenerate_v from_o the_o rectitude_n of_o faith_n 〈◊〉_d and_o also_o blemish_v and_o bespot_v with_o the_o rite_n of_o the_o gentile_n altogether_o fall_v off_o from_o the_o true_a way_n for_o anno_fw-la 400._o when_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o satan_n the_o curse_a arrius_n nestorius_n dioscurus_n and_o other_o heretic_n but_o especial_o the_o nestorian_n have_v every_o where_o spread_v their_o damnable_a opinion_n and_o in_o a_o horrid_a manner_n weaken_v the_o orthodox_n faith_n of_o christ_n above_o all_o other_o part_v it_o infect_v with_o the_o venom_n of_o its_o pestiferous_a doctrine_n colchis_n armenia_n persia_n turchestan_n and_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o the_o asiatic_a tartary_n so_o that_o as_o marcus_n paulus_n and_o haython_n relate_v there_o be_v no_o place_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a region_n which_o it_o have_v not_o defile_v world_n add_v unto_o this_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 632._o or_o thereabouts_o be_v the_o curse_a rise_n of_o the_o incendiary_n of_o the_o world_n mahomet_n who_o swell_a and_o break_v in_o like_o a_o inundation_n over_o a_o great_a portion_n of_o the_o earth_n subject_v the_o same_o to_o his_o most_o unjust_a law_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o faithful_a christian_n and_o more_o especial_o person_n of_o the_o priestly_a order_n be_v exile_v their_o native_a country_n by_o degree_n forsake_v the_o province_n of_o the_o more_o inward_a part_n of_o of_o asia_n either_o for_o fear_n of_o persecution_n or_o by_o a_o voluntary_a exile_n those_o that_o be_v arm_v with_o a_o zeal_n and_o desire_n to_o the_o house_n of_o god_n be_v inflame_v with_o a_o fervour_n to_o propagate_v the_o ancient_a religion_n of_o the_o orthodox_n faith_n flee_v or_o retire_v into_o china_n itself_o where_o how_o much_o they_o labour_v to_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n be_v plain_o show_v by_o the_o syro-chenesian_a monument_n i_o have_v expound_v above_o now_o as_o nothing_o be_v firm_a and_o solid_a in_o humane_a affair_n so_o also_o the_o faith_n introduce_v into_o the_o forementioned_a region_n now_o fade_v either_o through_o the_o want_n of_o apostolical_a man_n or_o the_o extreme_a degeneration_n of_o christian_n tend_v or_o deflect_v first_o to_o idolatry_n then_o to_o mahumetanism_n anon_o to_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o nestorian_a heretic_n according_a as_o the_o lust_n of_o each_o person_n genius_n lead_v or_o draw_v they_o and_o this_o vicissitude_n or_o alteration_n of_o the_o orthodox_n faith_n sometime_o receive_v and_o sometime_o be_v reject_v continue_v more_o especial_o in_o the_o eastern_a tartary_n unto_o the_o year_n 1252._o in_o which_o as_o haython_n the_o armenian_a relate_v who_o be_v of_o the_o blood-royal_a haython_n king_n of_o armenia_n his_o brother_n reign_v until_o he_o can_v no_o long_o endure_v the_o turkish_a spoiler_n of_o his_o kingdom_n wherefore_o by_o a_o divine_a instinct_n take_v a_o new_a counsel_n and_o go_v in_o his_o own_o person_n unto_o the_o great_a cham_fw-mi emperor_n of_o tartary_n who_o paulus_n venetus_n call_v cublai_n cingischan_n who_o rule_v in_o tartary_n and_o cathay_n both_o to_o make_v a_o league_n against_o the_o saracen_n and_o to_o gain_v the_o favour_n of_o that_o most_o potent_a prince_n for_o the_o confirm_v of_o the_o christian_a commonwealth_n in_o a_o peaceable_a estate_n and_o condition_n after_o a_o tedious_a voyage_n he_o arrive_v at_o almalech_n that_o be_v cambalu_n the_o court_n of_o the_o great_a cham._n the_o great_a cham_n christianity_n or_o cublai_n be_v much_o joy_v at_o his_o come_n receive_v he_o with_o great_a honour_n and_o respect_n as_o he_o deserve_v bestow_v on_o he_o great_a present_n and_o advise_v his_o noble_n to_o follow_v his_o example_n and_o do_v the_o same_o therefore_o when_o king_n haython_n have_v rest_v himself_o some_o week_n after_o the_o toil_n of_o his_o continual_a travel_n he_o address_v himself_o to_o the_o emperor_n and_o with_o much_o strength_n and_o weight_n of_o rational_a argument_n open_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o so_o far_o undertake_v voyage_n the_o emperor_n have_v due_o ponder_v the_o just_a reason_n of_o his_o petition_n and_o great_o admire_v both_o the_o condescension_n of_o the_o king_n person_n in_o expose_v himself_o to_o so_o great_a labour_n and_o danger_n and_o also_o consider_v that_o the_o quiet_a of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o the_o advantage_n or_o interest_n of_o the_o christian_a commonwealth_n be_v very_o much_o concern_v out_o of_o his_o clemency_n promise_v to_o grant_v he_o whatsoever_o he_o shall_v demand_v haython_n accept_v of_o the_o obsequiousness_n of_o so_o free_a a_o offer_n present_v he_o in_o write_v several_a point_n of_o his_o petition_n which_o be_v as_o follow_v 1._o that_o the_o great_a cham_n will_v vouchsafe_v to_o embrace_v the_o christian_a faith_n 2._o that_o a_o perpetual_a league_n of_o friendship_n may_v be_v confirm_v between_o the_o christian_n and_o the_o tartar_n 3._o that_o all_o the_o christian_n both_o ecclesiastic_n and_o laic_n with_o their_o church_n may_v be_v free_a from_o all_o persecution_n and_o enjoy_v the_o immunity_n and_o privilege_n in_o all_o the_o kingdom_n which_o the_o tartar_n have_v subject_v to_o the_o empire_n 4._o that_o he_o shall_v raise_v a_o army_n to_o free_v the_o holy_a sepulchre_n of_o christ_n from_o the_o turkish_a tyranny_n and_o also_o restore_v the_o holy_a land_n possess_v by_o the_o saracen_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o christian_n 5._o that_o he_o shall_v join_v his_o force_n with_o he_o to_o root_v out_o the_o most_o potent_a caliph_n of_o baldach_n 6._o that_o he_o

treat_v of_o the_o same_o subject_a with_o those_o other_o five_o and_o these_o nine_o book_n be_v all_o that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o china_n among_o the_o bookseller_n out_o of_o which_o all_o other_o be_v compose_v and_o certain_o therein_o be_v contain_v most_o excellent_a rule_n and_o direction_n for_o the_o well_o order_v of_o all_o civil_a affair_n and_o such_o as_o have_v prove_v to_o the_o very_a great_a advantage_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n for_o which_o cause_n a_o law_n be_v make_v by_o the_o ancient_a king_n that_o whosoever_o will_v be_v a_o learned_a man_n or_o so_o repute_v must_v extract_v the_o principal_a groundwork_n of_o his_o learning_n from_o these_o book_n nor_o be_v it_o enough_o to_o understand_v the_o true_a meaning_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o same_o but_o he_o must_v likewise_o get_v they_o by_o heart_n and_o be_v able_a to_o repeat_v a_o considerable_a part_n thereof_o if_o he_o will_v be_v think_v to_o have_v arrive_v at_o a_o eminent_a pitch_n 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graduate_n they_o enjoy_v likewise_o several_a honourable_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n and_o be_v prefer_v to_o considerable_a employment_n in_o the_o government_n the_o second_o degree_n of_o honour_n to_o which_o the_o learned_a chineses_n be_v prefer_v be_v call_v kiugin_n which_o be_v give_v with_o much_o more_o state_n than_o the_o former_a and_o be_v confer_v only_o upon_o such_o as_o they_o judge_v to_o be_v most_o deserve_v and_o this_o promotion_n be_v make_v but_o once_o in_o three_o year_n and_o perform_v after_o this_o manner_n in_o each_o capital_a city_n be_v a_o great_a and_o well-built_a palace_n encompass_v with_o high_a wall_n and_o set_v apart_o only_o for_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o scholar_n in_o this_o place_n be_v several_a apartment_n and_o mansion_n for_o the_o use_n of_o examiner_n when_o they_o come_v to_o supervise_v the_o scholar_n work_n beside_o these_o apartment_n there_o be_v at_o least_o a_o thousand_o cell_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o palace_n but_o so_o small_a that_o they_o will_v only_o contain_v only_o one_o person_n a_o little_a table_n and_o a_o bench_n in_o these_o no_o one_o can_v speak_v to_o his_o neighbour_n nor_o be_v see_v by_o he_o when_o the_o king_n examiner_n be_v arrive_v in_o the_o city_n they_o be_v lock_v up_o apart_o in_o this_o palace_n and_o not_o suffer_v to_o discourse_n with_o any_o whatsoever_o while_o they_o be_v there_o when_o the_o time_n of_o examination_n be_v come_v to_o which_o be_v appoint_v three_o whole_a day_n namely_o the_o nine_o twelve_o and_o fifteen_o day_n of_o the_o eight_o month_n then_o be_v the_o write_n of_o the_o scholar_n with_o great_a judgement_n narrow_o examine_v and_o several_a question_n propound_v to_o be_v resolve_v by_o they_o the_o three_o degree_n be_v call_v cinsu_n and_o be_v equal_a with_o that_o of_o doctor_n of_o divinity_n law_n or_o physic_n in_o europe_n and_o this_o be_v confer_v likewise_o every_o three_o year_n and_o to_o they_o only_o in_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n to_o this_o honour_n can_v only_o three_o hundred_o out_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n arrive_v and_o the_o examination_n of_o they_o before_o they_o be_v choose_v be_v perform_v by_o the_o king_n examiner_n in_o the_o same_o method_n and_o state_n as_o the_o former_a and_o such_o as_o attain_v to_o this_o height_n of_o honour_n by_o their_o learning_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o high_a place_n of_o dignity_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o be_v have_v in_o great_a esteem_n and_o reputation_n by_o the_o people_n chap._n iii_o of_o several_a chinese_n handicraft-trade_n comedian_n juggler_n and_o beggar_n the_o chineses_n be_v not_o altogether_o without_o some_o experience_n and_o skill_n in_o architecture_n although_o for_o neatness_n and_o polite_a curiosity_n their_o building_n be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o that_o in_o europe_n neither_o be_v their_o edifice_n so_o costly_a or_o durable_a in_o regard_n they_o proportion_v their_o house_n to_o the_o shortness_n of_o life_n build_v as_o they_o say_v for_o themselves_o not_o for_o other_o and_o this_o sure_o be_v one_o reason_n why_o the_o chinese_n can_v comprehend_v nor_o imagine_v the_o costly_a and_o princely_a palace_n which_o be_v in_o europe_n and_o when_o they_o have_v be_v tell_v that_o some_o of_o the_o say_a edifice_n have_v stand_v for_o many_o age_n they_o seem_v as_o it_o be_v amaze_v thereat_o but_o if_o they_o consider_v the_o true_a reason_n of_o such_o continuance_n they_o will_v rather_o applaud_v and_o imitate_v than_o wonder_n for_o that_o which_o make_v our_o building_n last_o so_o long_o be_v because_o we_o make_v deep_a foundation_n whereas_o in_o china_n they_o dig_v no_o foundation_n at_o all_o but_o lay_v the_o stone_n even_o with_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o ground_n upon_o which_o they_o build_v high_a and_o heavy_a tower_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o soon_o decay_v and_o require_v daily_a reparation_n neither_o be_v this_o all_o for_o the_o house_n 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say_v trigautius_n in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n the_o use_n of_o the_o printing-press_n be_v much_o soon_o in_o china_n than_o in_o europe_n for_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o same_o have_v be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o chinese_n for_o five_o age_n past_a nay_o some_o stick_v not_o to_o affirm_v that_o they_o use_v print_v before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ._n mercator_n in_o his_o great_a atlas_n write_v that_o the_o printing-press_n and_o the_o use_n of_o cannon_n be_v of_o so_o great_a antiquity_n in_o china_n that_o it_o be_v not_o know_v who_o be_v the_o inventor_n of_o they_o all_o which_o if_o it_o be_v take_v for_o grant_v yet_o nevertheless_o they_o be_v too_o large_a in_o say_v that_o that_o printing_n have_v be_v use_v by_o they_o ever_o since_o their_o country_n have_v be_v call_v the_o empire_n or_o kingdom_n of_o china_n

carrion_n either_o of_o a_o horse_n mule_n ass_n dog_n or_o any_o other_o creature_n they_o be_v likewise_o great_o delight_v with_o dry_a sweetmeat_n which_o they_o know_v very_o well_o how_o to_o order_v the_o mandorin_n have_v always_o comedian_n to_o act_n and_o music_n to_o play_n whilst_o they_o be_v at_o dinner_n to_o excite_v they_o to_o cheerfulness_n their_o ordinary_a drink_n be_v hot_a water_n wherein_o thea_fw-mi have_v be_v steep_v which_o as_o they_o do_v all_o other_o liquor_n they_o sip_v off_o warm_a but_o the_o best_a of_o their_o liquor_n be_v that_o which_o they_o call_v cia_n and_o be_v make_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o take_v half_a a_o handful_n of_o the_o herb_n cha_fw-mi and_o boil_v it_o in_o spring-water_n when_o it_o be_v well_o boil_a they_o put_v to_o it_o four_o time_n as_o much_o new_a milk_n with_o a_o little_a salt_n this_o liquor_n drink_v warm_a as_o they_o general_o believe_v have_v more_o virtue_n than_o the_o philosopher_n stone_n as_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o civility_n manner_n and_o fashion_n they_o consist_v chief_o in_o the_o honour_n duty_n and_o obedience_n which_o be_v show_v to_o the_o emperor_n and_o that_o be_v extraordinary_a for_o he_o be_v obey_v honour_a and_o serve_v more_o than_o any_o spiritual_a or_o temporal_a prince_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n beside_o no_o person_n of_o what_o condition_n or_o quality_n soever_o may_v speak_v to_o he_o but_o only_o the_o gelubden_n who_o wait_v upon_o he_o in_o his_o chamber_n in_o the_o palace_n and_o his_o near_a kindred_n as_o his_o son_n and_o daughter_n that_o live_v with_o he_o in_o the_o same_o palace_n all_o the_o magistrate_n without_o the_o palace_n for_o the_o gelubden_n have_v their_o degree_n of_o order_n and_o preferment_n be_v only_o to_o speak_v to_o the_o king_n in_o write_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o petition_n wherein_o their_o desire_n be_v set_v forth_o with_o the_o most_o humble_a expression_n imaginable_a when_o it_o be_v the_o new_a 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the_o magistrate_n of_o peking_n and_o the_o ambassador_n which_o be_v send_v from_o other_o province_n as_o also_o the_o emperor_n near_a and_o chief_a friend_n come_v into_o the_o emperor_n presence_n to_o let_v he_o know_v what_o day_n it_o be_v and_o to_o confirm_v their_o good_a wish_n for_o his_o long_a life_n by_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o present_n which_o they_o then_o bring_v unto_o he_o all_o such_o as_o be_v prefer_v by_o the_o king_n to_o any_o place_n of_o magistracy_n or_o other_o office_n be_v summon_v to_o appear_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n before_o the_o king_n throne_n to_o return_v thanks_o for_o the_o favour_n show_v at_o which_o time_n they_o be_v clothe_v in_o red_a satin_n with_o silver-gilt_n turban_n upon_o their_o head_n in_o both_o hand_n they_o hold_v a_o ebony_n board_n four_o finger_n broad_a and_o a_o foot_n long_o which_o they_o put_v before_o their_o mouth_n as_o often_o as_o they_o speak_v before_o the_o emperor_n or_o his_o throne_n when_o former_o the_o emperor_n intend_v to_o appear_v upon_o his_o throne_n he_o show_v himself_o first_o out_o of_o a_o large_a window_n in_o the_o high_a room_n of_o the_o house_n hold_v a_o ebony_n board_n in_o his_o hand_n before_o his_o face_n and_o another_o over_o his_o head_n both_o which_o board_n be_v beset_v with_o so_o many_o precious_a stone_n and_o of_o that_o bigness_n that_o they_o cover_v his_o face_n and_o hinder_v any_o one_o from_o have_v a_o perfect_a sight_n of_o he_o but_o how_o the_o tartar_n cham_fw-mi appear_v in_o this_o age_n we_o have_v already_o relate_v it_o be_v only_o lawful_a for_o the_o emperor_n to_o be_v array_v in_o yellow_a that_o colour_n be_v forbid_v to_o all_o other_o his_o raiment_n be_v chief_o embroider_a with_o dragon_n and_o not_o only_o be_v these_o dragon_n upon_o his_o garment_n but_o likewise_o engrave_v upon_o the_o vessel_n of_o gold_n and_o other_o plate_n belong_v to_o the_o palace_n as_o also_o upon_o all_o the_o other_o furniture_n thereof_o insomuch_o that_o the_o very_o tyl_v of_o the_o palace_n be_v of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n figure_v with_o the_o shape_n of_o dragon_n which_o have_v give_v occasion_n for_o some_o to_o believe_v that_o the_o roof_n of_o the_o palace_n be_v either_o of_o gold_n or_o copper_n whereas_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v only_o cover_v with_o tile_n colour_v yellow_a in_o the_o bake_n and_o fasten_v with_o nail_n who_o head_n be_v gild_v that_o so_o every_o thing_n outward_o see_v may_v resemble_v the_o emperor_n apparel_n and_o if_o any_o person_n shall_v be_v so_o audacious_o presumptuous_a as_o to_o venture_v to_o wear_v this_o colour_n or_o the_o dragon_n unless_o he_o be_v of_o the_o royal_a blood_n it_o will_v endanger_v the_o loss_n of_o his_o head_n such_o a_o offence_n be_v esteem_v criminal_a as_o treason_n and_o the_o offender_n will_v suffer_v as_o a_o traitor_n the_o royal_a palace_n have_v four_o gate_n towards_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n all_o that_o pass_v by_o these_o gate_n be_v oblige_v to_o alight_v whether_o on_o horseback_n or_o in_o a_o chair_n and_o to_o go_v on_o foot_n till_o they_o be_v beyond_o they_o this_o be_v do_v by_o all_o the_o chinese_n in_o general_a but_o much_o more_o orderly_a and_o with_o great_a reverence_n by_o the_o grandee_n for_o they_o perform_v this_o ceremony_n while_o they_o be_v yet_o at_o a_o good_a distance_n from_o the_o court_n and_o this_o be_v due_o observe_v not_o only_o at_o peking_n the_o present_a imperial_a residence_n but_o also_o at_o nank_v the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o emperor_n though_o of_o late_a year_n desert_v by_o the_o court._n the_o emperor_n oftentimes_o for_o some_o certain_a reason_n and_o cause_n best_o know_v to_o himself_o do_v confer_v title_n of_o honour_n upon_o the_o ancestor_n of_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n by_o a_o certain_a write_n formal_o draw_v up_o by_o his_o majesty_n philosopher_n they_o put_v a_o high_a value_n upon_o such_o a_o write_n and_o think_v nothing_o too_o much_o to_o give_v or_o do_v to_o purchase_v the_o same_o which_o once_o obtain_v they_o lie_v up_o careful_o for_o their_o posterity_n as_o a_o holy_a or_o sacred_a thing_n they_o likewise_o set_v a_o very_a high_a value_n and_o esteem_v upon_o other_o title_n which_o be_v express_v with_o two_o or_o three_o character_n and_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o emperor_n to_o widow_n that_o in_o their_o old_a age_n subject_n themselves_o again_o to_o matrimony_n or_o to_o any_o other_o extraordinary_a ancient_a people_n these_o mark_n of_o honour_n they_o hang_v over_o their_o door_n to_o be_v as_o a_o testimonial_a for_o they_o and_o when_o any_o magistrate_n have_v do_v their_o country_n good_a service_n statue_n of_o marble_n be_v erect_v in_o their_o honour_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o public_a whatsoever_o through_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v rare_a of_o costly_a be_v send_v to_o the_o emperor_n at_o peking_n the_o magistrate_n whereof_o appear_v with_o far_o less_o state_n and_o magnificence_n abroad_o in_o the_o street_n than_o those_o of_o other_o place_n for_o unless_o it_o be_v some_o of_o the_o chief_a and_o more_o noble_a the_o rest_n must_v only_o ride_v on_o horseback_n and_o not_o be_v carry_v in_o chair_n and_o whosoever_o be_v permit_v to_o keep_v a_o chair_n must_v use_v no_o more_o than_o four_o chait-man_n to_o carry_v he_o without_o the_o imperial_a city_n the_o magistrate_n thereof_o may_v appear_v abroad_o in_o a_o more_o glorious_a grandeur_n but_o their_o lowly_a demeanour_n at_o peking_n be_v do_v in_o submission_n to_o their_o sovereign_n there_o resident_a every_o four_o year_n at_o four_o distinct_a time_n all_o the_o emperor_n council_n assemble_v at_o the_o tomb_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n and_o queen_n and_o there_o offer_v up_o rich_a and_o costly_a present_n with_o great_a humility_n

china_n be_v often_o call_v in_o their_o language_n cunghoa_n signify_v the_o middle_a empire_n believe_v themselves_o to_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o midst_n and_o navel_n of_o the_o world_n and_o sometime_o cungque_a a_o garden_n in_o the_o midst_n or_o a_o florid_n garden_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o affluence_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o humane_a life_n for_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v so_o much_o enrich_v from_o the_o defusion_n of_o lake_n and_o river_n break_v out_o every_o where_o from_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o west_n and_o from_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n of_o the_o continue_a mountain_n that_o there_o be_v scarce_o a_o field_n that_o be_v not_o water_v with_o almost_o no_o city_n but_o may_v hold_v a_o correspondency_n with_o other_o by_o ship_n that_o sail_n through_o river_n and_o trench_n to_o the_o great_a convenience_n of_o merchant_n and_o traveller_n the_o most_o perspicuous_a river_n be_v kiang_n for_o its_o largeness_n term_v the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o hoang_n so_o call_v from_o his_o saffron_n colour_n these_o water_n all_o china_n and_o rise_v from_o the_o border_a indian_a mountain_n by_o a_o divide_a dominion_n separate_v the_o whole_a empire_n and_o at_o length_n disembogue_v themselves_o into_o the_o eastern_a ocean_n and_o this_o be_v also_o most_o worthy_a of_o admiration_n in_o the_o chinesian_a world_n and_o which_o happen_v unto_o no_o other_o monarchy_n that_o at_o this_o day_n the_o empire_n be_v so_o situate_a from_o the_o south_n towards_o the_o north_n that_o not_o content_a with_o the_o proper_a munificence_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n it_o have_v moreover_o subject_v both_o the_o torrid_a and_o frigid_a unto_o its_o jurisdiction_n beginning_n from_o the_o 18._o degree_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o proceed_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n through_o the_o temperate_a it_o be_v extend_v almost_o unto_o the_o 70._o degree_n of_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o freeze_a tartarian_a ocean_n within_o the_o frigid_a zone_n in_o all_o 32_o degree_n which_o if_o divide_v into_o 15._o make_v 780_o astronomical_a mile_n of_o which_o 15_o make_v one_o degree_n and_o 3120_o italian_a mile_n 60._o of_o which_o mile_n make_v one_o degree_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n aromatics_n tree_n and_o animal_n be_v so_o common_a unto_o this_o empire_n as_o they_o be_v each_o of_o they_o proper_a to_o their_o peculiar_a climate_n and_o therefore_o what_o be_v scatter_v in_o sundry_a part_n be_v here_o collect_v with_o abundant_a increase_n what_o monarch_n ever_o have_v the_o happiness_n every_o day_n to_o have_v his_o table_n furnish_v with_o the_o seasonable_a and_o proper_a fruit_n of_o the_o indies_n bring_v from_o the_o burn_a zone_n and_o to_o be_v delight_v with_o the_o variety_n and_o abundance_n of_o all_o fruit_n peculiar_a to_o the_o temperate_a zone_n and_o whatever_o else_o serve_v for_o food_n raiment_n or_o pleasure_n for_o what_o this_o vast_a empire_n have_v either_o rare_a delicate_a or_o admirable_a be_v all_o serve_v up_o for_o the_o emperor_n use_n the_o supreme_a monarch_n of_o the_o china_n tartarian_a empire_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o political_a government_n of_o the_o chinese_n see_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n we_o have_v treat_v at_o large_a of_o the_o political_a empire_n of_o the_o chinese_n here_o i_o think_v good_a to_o adjoin_v some_o thing_n worthy_a of_o great_a consideration_n the_o emperor_n of_o china_n be_v absolute_a lord_n of_o the_o whole_a monarchy_n and_o the_o empire_n be_v so_o govern_v by_o he_o that_o no_o person_n may_v undertake_v any_o business_n of_o importance_n without_o his_o assent_n the_o monarchy_n descend_v successive_o from_o the_o father_n to_o the_o son_n and_o where_o the_o direct_a line_n fail_v it_o run_v collateral_a all_o the_o rest_n whether_o they_o be_v brethren_n or_o nephew_n or_o otherways_o join_v in_o consanguinity_n be_v honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n each_o of_o they_o have_v a_o province_n assign_v he_o which_o they_o rule_v but_o yet_o with_o such_o a_o limitation_n of_o authority_n that_o have_v certain_a revenue_n assign_v they_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v transfer_v into_o the_o emperor_n treasury_n there_o be_v six_o tribunal_n or_o court_n of_o justice_n which_o determine_v all_o cause_n and_o controversy_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n the_o first_o for_o choose_v of_o magistrate_n the_o second_o the_o exchequer_n of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n revenue_n the_o three_o for_o emergency_n in_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n the_o four_o for_o the_o militia_n the_o five_o order_n public_a edifice_n and_o such_o like_a building_n the_o six_o spread_v itself_o into_o several_a court_n concern_v criminal_a cause_n and_o by_o these_o six_o with_o their_o subordinate_a officer_n all_o business_n be_v dispatch_v the_o emperor_n have_v lord_n of_o his_o privy-council_n which_o they_o call_v colaos_n who_o as_o they_o be_v person_n excellent_o verse_v in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o state_n affair_n so_o also_o they_o be_v have_v in_o estimation_n next_o to_o himself_o he_o have_v likewise_o his_o governor_n or_o lord_n lieutenant_n of_o divers_a degree_n which_o be_v term_v mandorin_n and_o accomplish_v in_o variety_n of_o learning_n and_o knowledge_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n rule_v as_o plato_n commonwealth_n only_o by_o learned_a man_n and_o that_o kingdom_n can_v but_o arrive_v to_o 〈◊〉_d great_a height_n of_o felicity_n in_o which_o either_o the_o prince_n act_v like_o a_o philosopher_n or_o a_o philosopher_n reign_v this_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o innumerable_a multi●●des_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o the_o emperor_n govern_v with_o as_o much_o facility_n as_o the_o master_n of_o a_o family_n do_v his_o house_n it_o be_v also_o clear_a from_o the_o magnitude_n splendour_n and_o incredible_a magnificence_n of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o frequency_n of_o bridge_n the_o structure_n of_o which_o whether_o you_o have_v respect_n to_o their_o length_n or_o 〈◊〉_d rule_n of_o architecture_n have_v amaze_v such_o as_o behold_v they_o add_v unto_o this_o the_o convenience_n of_o public_a passage_n the_o afflux_n of_o ship_n from_o all_o part_n resort_v to_o the_o metropolitan_a city_n the_o indefatigable_a labour_n and_o industry_n of_o the_o husbandman_n in_o cultivate_v their_o land_n the_o great_a vigilancy_n and_o unwearied_a guard_n of_o the_o soldiery_n the_o extraordinary_a rigour_n and_o severity_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o punish_v malefactor_n all_o which_o can_v have_v their_o original_n in_o so_o great_a a_o empire_n without_o the_o supposition_n of_o excellent_a law_n establish_v for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n thereof_o as_o for_o the_o emperor_n be_v annual_a revenue_n although_o they_o be_v not_o always_o fix_v and_o certain_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o vicissitude_n and_o alteration_n of_o time_n yet_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o peace_n they_o easy_o amount_v to_o 150000000_o day_fw-mi according_a to_o their_o exchequer_n roll_n in_o which_o as_o father_n martinius_n avouch_v they_o have_v not_o only_o the_o number_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o every_o province_n and_o city_n but_o also_o a_o compute_v of_o each_o year_n revenue_n most_o exact_o register_v in_o the_o regency_n of_o the_o emperor_n vanly_n the_o number_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n throughout_o the_o whole_a empire_n amount_v to_o about_o two_o hundred_o million_o not_o account_v the_o emperor_n servant_n eunuchs_z woman_n and_o child_n and_o the_o revenue_n be_v estimate_v at_o 1500000._o of_o gold_n after_o our_o rate_n but_o now_o under_o the_o regency_n of_o this_o emperor_n the_o revenue_n of_o his_o kingdom_n be_v also_o in_o the_o audit_n it_o far_o exceed_v and_o for_o better_a satisfaction_n i_o have_v here_o annex_v a_o table_n of_o the_o annual_a income_n of_o each_o of_o the_o fifteen_o province_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n pay_v into_o the_o exchequer_n together_o with_o the_o number_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n contain_v in_o every_o one_o of_o they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n vanly_n which_o table_n i_o have_v extract_v out_o of_o martinius_n his_o atlas_n a_o catalogue_n of_o the_o family_n fightmen-man_n not_o reckon_v the_o emperor_n retinue_n together_o with_o the_o tribute_n yearly_o pay_v throughout_o the_o whole_a empire_n except_v toll_n and_o custom_n take_v from_o the_o book_n of_o the_o compute_v of_o the_o chinese_n in_o the_o year_n that_o the_o empire_n flourish_v according_a to_o father_n martin_n martinius_n and_o other_o  _fw-fr family_n fighting-man_n sack_n of_o rice_n pound_n of_o silk_n truss_n of_o hay_n pound_n of_o salt_n of_o 24_o ounce_n 1._o pechinck_o peckali_n or_o cambalu_n the_o metropolis_n and_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o five_o city_n under_o it_o 418989_o 3452254_o 2274022_o 45135_o 8737284_o 180870_o 2._o the_o kingdom_n of_o xansi_fw-fr have_v five_o chief_a city_n unto_o which_o be_v subject_a ninety_o two_o less_o