Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	court_n	ecclesiastical_a	law_n	3,228	5	5.4374	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A57454	An account of Sueden together with an extract of the history of that kingdom.	Robinson, John, 1650-1723.	1694 (1694)	Wing R1690; ESTC R12230	47,457	212

he_o sit_v once_o a_o week_n in_o the_o town_n house_n and_o preside_v also_o in_o the_o college_n of_o execution_n assist_v by_o a_o under_o stadtholder_n and_o the_o bailiff_n of_o the_o castle_n next_o to_o he_o be_v the_o four_o burghmaster_n one_o for_o justice_n another_o for_o trade_n the_o three_o for_o the_o polity_n of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o four_o have_v the_o inspection_n over_o all_o public_a and_o private_a building_n and_o determine_v such_o case_n as_o arise_v on_o that_o account_n with_o they_o the_o counsellor_n of_o the_o city_n always_o sit_v and_o give_v their_o vote_n the_o majority_n of_o which_o conclude_v their_o number_n be_v uncertain_a but_o usual_o about_o twenty_o most_o merchant_n and_o shopkeeper_n or_o such_o as_o have_v serve_v the_o king_n in_o some_o inferior_a employment_n and_o beside_o their_o salary_n they_o have_v a_o immunity_n from_o such_o imposition_n as_o be_v lay_v on_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o support_v the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n which_o pay_v all_o its_o officer_n and_o servant_n and_o maintain_v a_o guard_n of_o 300_o man_n and_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o all_o public_a building_n and_o repair_v to_o support_v this_o expense_n beside_o a_o duty_n belong_v to_o the_o city_n upon_o good_n import_v and_o export_v which_o be_v about_o 4_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o the_o custom_n pay_v the_o king_n and_o amount_n to_o about_o 4000_o l._n per_fw-la an._n the_o magistrate_n impose_v a_o yearly_o tax_v on_o the_o burgher_n in_o which_o they_o be_v assist_v by_o a_o common-council_n of_o forty_o eight_o which_o choose_v its_o own_o member_n and_o meet_v every_o spring_n to_o proportion_v the_o payment_n for_o the_o ensue_a year_n on_o the_o rich_a trader_n they_o usual_o impose_v 40_o 50_o or_o 60_o l._n sterling_a and_o upon_o other_o of_o a_o mean_a condition_n as_o shoemaker_n tailor_n etc._n etc._n 5_o or_o 6_o l._n and_o no_o housekeeper_n less_o than_o 15_o s._n beside_o quarter_a the_o guard_n inferior_a officer_n and_o servant_n of_o the_o court_n with_o other_o lesser_a charge_n which_o all_o together_o will_v be_v think_v a_o great_a burden_n even_o in_o rich_a country_n neither_o be_v it_o otherwise_o esteem_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o city_n who_o can_v scarce_o be_v keep_v in_o heart_n by_o the_o privilege_n they_o enjoy_v as_o well_o in_o custom_n as_o in_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o place_n which_o must_v needs_o pass_v through_o their_o hand_n the_o native_n of_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o well_o as_o foreigner_n be_v oblige_v to_o deal_v only_o with_o the_o burgher_n except_o those_o of_o the_o gentry_n that_o make_v iron_n who_o have_v a_o privilege_n to_o sell_v it_o immediate_o to_o stranger_n this_o city_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n the_o staple_n of_o sueden_n to_o which_o most_o of_o the_o good_n of_o their_o own_o growth_n viz._n iron_n copper_n wire_n pitch_n tarr_n mast_n deal_v etc._n etc._n be_v bring_v to_o be_v export_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o commodity_n import_v from_o abroad_o come_v to_o this_o port_n where_o there_o be_v a_o haven_n capable_a of_o receive_v 1000_o sail_n of_o ship_n and_o have_v a_o bridge_n or_o key_n near_o a_o english_a mile_n long_o to_o which_o the_o great_a vessel_n may_v lie_v with_o their_o broadside_n the_o only_a inconvenience_n be_v that_o it_o be_v ten_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o river_n very_o crooked_a and_o no_o tide_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o law_n of_o sueden_n the_o law_n of_o sueden_n be_v ancient_o as_o various_a as_o the_o province_n be_v numerous_a each_o of_o which_o have_v statute_n and_o custom_n peculiar_a to_o its_o self_n enact_v as_o occasion_n require_v by_o the_o lagh-man_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n who_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o people_n and_o invest_v with_o great_a authority_n especial_o while_o the_o kingdom_n be_v elective_a his_o suffrage_n conclude_v the_o province_n he_o govern_v this_o variety_n be_v necessary_o attend_v with_o great_a confusion_n for_o remedy_n whereof_o about_o four-score_n year_n ago_o one_o body_n of_o law_n be_v compile_v for_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n yet_o this_o collection_n be_v but_o a_o imperfect_a piece_n and_o the_o law_n so_o few_o and_o conceive_v in_o such_o general_a term_n that_o in_o most_o case_n they_o need_v the_o assistance_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o after_o all_o the_o final_a determination_n depend_v much_o upon_o the_o inclination_n of_o the_o bench_n which_o in_o a_o poor_a country_n where_o salary_n be_v small_a be_v often_o fill_v with_o such_o as_o be_v of_o weak_a part_n and_o subject_a to_o corruption_n upon_o very_o small_a temptation_n the_o effect_n of_o this_o will_v be_v more_o visible_a if_o each_o superior_a court_n do_v not_o keep_v a_o cheque_fw-fr upon_o the_o low_a and_o the_o king_n court_n of_o revision_n over-awe_n they_o all_o to_o which_o all_o civil_a cause_n import_v the_o sum_n of_o 70_o l._n be_v appealable_a and_o very_o few_o end_n before_o they_o have_v be_v bring_v thither_o in_o this_o supreme_a court_n his_o majesty_n very_o frequent_o sit_v with_o great_a patience_n and_o application_n and_o in_o seven_o year_n time_n have_v determine_v more_o cause_n than_o the_o senator_n do_v in_o twenty_o before_o his_o majesty_n be_v observe_v always_o to_o make_v a_o short_a mental_a prayer_n at_o first_o sit_v down_o there_o in_o this_o court_n the_o precedent_n of_o the_o chancery_n and_o two_o or_o three_o other_o privy_a counsellor_n do_v also_o sit_v so_o do_v the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o court_n a_o officer_n next_o in_o degree_n to_o a_o privy_a counsellor_n who_o be_v precedent_n of_o the_o under_o revision_n where_o he_o and_o two_o secretary_n do_v put_v business_n into_o a_o method_n fit_a to_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o king_n the_o court_n of_o justice_n inferior_a to_o this_o be_v of_o three_o degree_n of_o the_o low_a degree_n of_o first_o instance_n there_o be_v one_o in_o each_o corporation_n beside_o stockholm_n in_o which_o there_o be_v three_z as_o also_o in_o each_o district_n or_o territory_n whereof_o every_o province_n contain_v several_a some_o above_o twenty_o in_o the_o former_a city_n a_o alderman_n or_o counsellor_n preside_v and_o have_v some_o of_o his_o brethren_n for_o assistant_n in_o the_o latter_a the_o governor_n of_o the_o territory_n with_o a_o stand_a jury_n his_o court_n be_v ambulatory_a and_o usual_o keep_v near_o or_o upon_o the_o place_n where_o the_o fact_n or_o trespass_n be_v commit_v in_o these_o court_n examination_n be_v take_v and_o matter_n not_o exceed_v forty_o shilling_n be_v determine_v the_o rest_n transmit_v to_o the_o next_o superior_a court_n of_o which_o in_o every_o corporation_n there_o be_v one_o where_o the_o burghmaster_n be_v precedent_n and_o the_o alderman_n assistant_n and_o so_o in_o every_o province_n there_o be_v one_o or_o more_o of_o these_o court_n the_o precedent_n whereof_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o lagh-man_n without_o other_o authority_n than_o that_o of_o a_o judge_n from_o these_o all_o cause_n of_o blood_n must_v be_v transmit_v to_o the_o respective_a national_a court_v where_o they_o be_v determine_v without_o further_a appeal_n and_o thither_o also_o all_o civil_a action_n not_o exceed_v 20_o l._n may_v be_v appeal_v of_o these_o national_a court_v there_o be_v three_o one_o for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sueden_n hold_v at_o stockholm_n another_o for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o gothia_n keep_v at_o jencopingh_n and_o a_o three_o for_o the_o dukedom_n of_o finland_n at_o abo_n in_o each_o of_o these_o a_o privy_a counsellor_n be_v precedent_n and_o above_o half_a the_o assessor_n be_v to_o be_v gentleman_n all_o these_o court_n sit_v continual_o or_o at_o most_o have_v but_o short_a vacation_n and_o not_o be_v pester_v with_o too_o much_o formality_n give_v cause_n a_o speedy_a dispatch_n unless_o they_o be_v retard_v by_o some_o underhand_o engagement_n action_n relate_v to_o the_o sea_n be_v triable_a in_o the_o ordinary_a court_n according_a to_o their_o sea-law_n found_v upon_o those_o ancient_a one_o of_o wisby_n in_o gothland_n which_o have_v former_o be_v as_o famous_a in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n as_o the_o law_n of_o the_o rhodes_n and_o oleron_n in_o other_o place_n the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n have_v not_o any_o peculiar_a jurisdiction_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o these_o law_n but_o only_o in_o such_o matter_n as_o direct_o concern_v the_o king_n fleet_n and_o in_o some_o place_n that_o belong_v immediate_o to_o the_o admiralty_n for_o cause_n ecclesiastical_a there_o be_v a_o consistory_n in_o each_o diocese_n of_o which_o the_o respective_a bishop_n be_v precedent_n where_o cause_n of_o bastardy_n contract_v of_o marriage_n and_o other_o matter_n of_o that_o nature_n be_v try_v and_o church-censure_n of_o penance_n divorce_n etc._n etc._n inflict_v these_o court_n have_v

not_o power_n to_o administer_v a_o oath_n nor_o to_o inflict_v any_o corporal_a punishment_n from_o they_o there_o lie_v a_o appeal_n to_o the_o respective_a national_a court_n and_o in_o some_o case_n to_o the_o king_n as_o in_o all_o other_o matter_n for_o matter_n relate_v to_o the_o mine_n beside_o inferior_a court_n and_o officer_n settle_v in_o the_o respective_a part_n of_o the_o country_n a_o general_n court_n call_v the_o college_n of_o the_o mine_n sit_v at_o stockholm_n of_o which_o most_o common_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o treasury_n be_v chief_a with_o a_o vicepresident_n and_o other_o assessor_n the_o law_n in_o this_o regard_n be_v more_o exact_a and_o particular_a than_o in_o other_o matter_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n justice_n very_o careful_o administer_v the_o power_n of_o execute_v all_o judicial_a sentence_n be_v lodge_v in_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n the_o stadtholder_n of_o stockholm_n and_o other_o place_n and_o from_o they_o derive_v to_o inferior_a officer_n who_o be_v accountable_a to_o the_o national_a court_v whither_o they_o may_v be_v convene_v and_o punish_v upon_o plain_a proof_n of_o default_n but_o the_o proof_n be_v difficult_a and_o minister_n of_o justice_n apt_a to_o favour_v each_o other_o they_o take_v great_a liberty_n to_o delay_v execution_n or_o to_o arbitrate_v and_o put_v their_o own_o sense_n upon_o sentence_n so_o that_o this_o part_n of_o justice_n be_v administer_v the_o worst_a of_o all_o other_o and_o have_v a_o influence_n not_o only_o at_o home_n but_o lessen_v the_o credit_n of_o the_o suedish_n subject_n abroad_o against_o who_o justice_n can_v be_v obtain_v without_o great_a difficulty_n the_o ordinary_a charge_n of_o law-suit_n be_v no_o where_o more_o moderate_a than_o in_o sueden_n the_o great_a burden_n arise_v from_o a_o late_a constitution_n that_o all_o declaration_n act_n and_o sentence_n must_v be_v write_v upon_o seal_v paper_n of_o different_a prize_n from_o two_o penny_n to_o seven_o shilling_n a_o sheet_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o cause_n the_o benefit_n of_o which_o accrue_v to_o the_o king_n and_o be_v compute_v to_o bring_v in_o about_o 3000_o l._n a_o year_n other_o charge_n be_v very_o few_o every_o man_n be_v permit_v in_o criminal_a action_n compel_v to_o plead_v his_o own_o cause_n according_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o law_n be_v below_o a_o gentleman_n and_o rather_o the_o refuge_n than_o the_o choice_n of_o mean_a person_n who_o be_v very_o few_o in_o number_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n very_o poor_a the_o custom_n of_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n be_v so_o ancient_a in_o sueden_n that_o their_o writer_n pretend_v it_o have_v its_o original_a among_o they_o and_o be_v thence_o derive_v to_o other_o nation_n but_o at_o present_v it_o be_v disuse_v every_o where_o except_o only_o in_o the_o low_a court_n in_o the_o country_n and_o there_o the_o juryman_n be_v for_o life_n and_o have_v salary_n they_o have_v this_o peculiar_a to_o themselves_o that_o among_o they_o there_o must_v be_v a_o unanimous_a concurrence_n to_o determine_v a_o cause_n which_o in_o other_o court_n be_v do_v by_o a_o majority_n of_o voice_n title_n to_o estate_n be_v render_v more_o secure_a and_o less_o subject_a to_o contest_v by_o the_o register_n that_o be_v keep_v of_o all_o sales_n and_o alienation_n as_o well_o as_o of_o other_o engagement_n of_o they_o the_o purchaser_n run_v the_o hazard_n of_o have_v a_o after-bargain_n take_v place_n of_o he_o if_o he_o omit_v the_o record_v of_o his_o transaction_n in_o the_o proper_a court_n in_o criminal_a matter_n where_o the_o fact_n be_v not_o very_o evident_a or_o where_o the_o judge_n be_v very_o favourable_a the_o defendant_n be_v admit_v to_o purge_v himself_o by_o oath_n to_o which_o be_v oftentimes_o add_v the_o oath_n of_o six_o or_o twelve_o other_o man_n who_o be_v all_o voucher_n of_o his_o integrity_n treason_n murder_n double_a adultery_n burn_v of_o house_n witchcraft_n and_o the_o like_a heinous_a crime_n be_v punish_v with_o death_n which_o be_v execute_v by_o hang_v of_o man_n and_o behead_v of_o woman_n to_o which_o burn_v alive_a or_o dead_a quarter_a and_o hang_v in_o chain_n be_v sometime_o add_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o crime_n criminal_n of_o the_o gentry_n and_o nobility_n be_v usual_o shoot_v to_o death_n the_o punishment_n of_o steal_v be_v of_o late_a instead_o of_o death_n change_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o perpetual_a slavery_n the_o guilty_a party_n be_v condemn_v to_o work_v all_o his_o life_n for_o ☞_o the_o king_n in_o make_v fortification_n or_o other_o drudgery_n and_o always_o have_v a_o collar_n of_o iron_n about_o his_o neck_n with_o a_o bow_n come_v over_o his_o head_n to_o which_o be_v a_o bell_n fasten_v that_o ring_v as_o he_o go_v along_o duel_n between_o gentleman_n if_o the_o one_o party_n be_v kill_v be_v punish_v with_o the_o survivor_n death_n and_o a_o note_n of_o infamy_n upon_o the_o memory_n of_o both_o if_o neither_o be_v kill_v they_o be_v both_o condemn_v to_o a_o prison_n with_o bread_n and_o water_n for_o two_o year_n to_o which_o be_v add_v a_o fine_a of_o 1000_o crown_n or_o one_o year_n imprisonment_n and_o 2000_o crown_n reparation_n of_o honour_n in_o case_n of_o affront_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o respective_a national_a court_n where_o recantation_n and_o public_a beg_v of_o pardon_n be_v usual_o inflict_v estate_n as_o well_o acquire_v as_o inherit_v descend_v to_o the_o child_n in_o equal_a portion_n of_o which_o a_o son_n have_v two_o and_o a_o daughter_n one_o nor_o be_v it_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o parent_n to_o alter_v this_o proportion_n without_o the_o intervention_n of_o a_o judicial_a sentence_n in_o case_n of_o their_o child_n disobedience_n only_o they_o may_v bequeath_v a_o ten_o of_o their_o acquire_v possession_n to_o such_o child_n or_o other_o as_o they_o will_v favour_v where_o a_o estate_n descend_v encumber_v with_o debt_n the_o heir_n usual_o take_v two_o or_o three_o month_n time_n as_o the_o law_n allow_v to_o search_v into_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o deceased_n estate_n and_o then_o either_o accept_v the_o inheritance_n or_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o law_n which_o in_o that_o case_n administer_v as_o late_o beside_o other_o instance_n be_v practise_v upon_o the_o decease_n of_o the_o late_a rix_n drost_n count_n magnus_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr gardier_n the_o king_n uncle_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o natural_a inclination_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o suede_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o climate_n which_o afford_v a_o very_a healthful_a and_o dry_a as_o well_o as_o sharp_a air_n dispose_v the_o native_n to_o a_o vigorous_a constitution_n and_o that_o confirm_v by_o a_o hardy_a education_n course_n fare_v hard_a lodging_n etc._n etc._n qualify_v they_o to_o endure_v whatever_o uneasy_a circumstance_n befall_v they_o better_o than_o those_o that_o be_v bear_v in_o a_o more_o moderate_a country_n and_o more_o indulgent_o breed_v but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o seem_v as_o if_o the_o severity_n of_o the_o clime_n shall_v in_o a_o manner_n cramp_v the_o faculty_n of_o their_o body_n and_o indispose_v they_o for_o any_o great_a degree_n of_o dexterity_n and_o nimbleness_n and_o the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n of_o their_o mind_n too_o which_o seldom_o be_v find_v endue_v with_o any_o eminent_a share_n of_o vivacity_n or_o pregnancy_n of_o wit_n yet_o by_o industry_n experience_n and_o travel_v not_o a_o few_o of_o they_o arrive_v at_o a_o mature_a and_o solid_a judgement_n be_v lead_v by_o their_o genius_n to_o serious_a thing_n in_o which_o they_o that_o have_v patience_n to_o go_v through_o with_o the_o study_n they_o apply_v themselves_o to_o become_v excellent_a and_o merit_v the_o title_n of_o great_a and_o able_a man_n but_o this_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v the_o talon_n of_o this_o nation_n they_o be_v general_o more_o apt_a to_o sit_v down_o with_o superficial_a acquisition_n than_o to_o pursue_v their_o study_n to_o a_o fundamental_a degree_n this_o disposition_n of_o body_n and_o mind_n qualify_v they_o more_o for_o a_o life_n of_o labour_n and_o fatigue_n than_o of_o art_n and_o curiosity_n and_o the_o effect_n of_o it_o be_v visible_a in_o all_o order_n of_o man_n among_o they_o the_o nobility_n most_o apply_o themselves_o to_o a_o military_a life_n in_o which_o they_o be_v more_o famous_a for_o courage_n and_o endure_a hardship_n than_o for_o stratagem_n and_o intrigue_n they_o that_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o administration_n of_o civil_a affair_n though_o they_o be_v indeed_o laborious_a and_o indefatigable_a in_o their_o business_n yet_o they_o seldom_o raise_v their_o speculation_n above_o what_o the_o necessity_n of_o their_o employment_n require_v their_o ability_n proceed_v not_o so_o much_o from_o study_n as_o experience_n in_o the_o tract_n of_o