Empl. Observat Observat In 6 cases no Repelling Medidicines to be applied in the beginning Cataplasma Here Digestives are most proper Four waies of digestion Catapl Observ Catapl Catapl Observat 〈…〉 Catapl Catapl Catapl Catapl The efficient cause of matter Signs of Suppuration 〈…〉 〈◊〉 Catapâ— Catapâ— A method to find whether a Tumour be ripe enough to open What a Phlegmon is Whence it ariseth Its causes Signs Of the cure of a Phlegmon Four methods according to four times by Guido His diet Observat Electuary Bolus Potio Troch Electuary Clysters Purging potion Revulsion Revulsion Vesicatâ—ries Defensatives Observ Repellers Catapl Unguent Observ Question Answer By several reasons Their use and benefit Catapl Unguent Another Catapl Unguent Catapl Cured by Digestives Catapl Catapl Authoris Catapl Catapl Catapl A History Catapl Catapl Natural Second not natural Quest Answ Third preternatural Its differencies The names of Erysipelas What it is Signs Its differencies from a Phlegmon Praesage Cure The Authors Julep herein Emulsionâ— Bleeding Potion Potio purgans Electuar Pill Clysters Another Another Unguent Unguent Unguent Unguent Catapl Catapl A History Catapl Unguent 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chirurgery Electuar Potio A History A History What flegm is It s name It s generation Definition Signs Cause Praesage Pill Pil. Pil A potion Potion Potion Topicks Question Answer Observat Digestive Catapl Catapl Catapl Unguent ex Merâ—â—â— Empl. A History 4 Species of Melancholy Burnt Melancholy made four waies How a Scirrhus is made It s definition Signs Causes Presage Cure Potio purgans Another potion Pills Pills Pills Digestives Emplâ— Empl. Empl. Emple A History A History Signs Presage Cure Pil. Pil. Pill Pill Catapl Unguent A History What iâ— Wind. What a windy Tumour is Causeâ— Differencies Signs Cureâ— Potion 〈◊〉 Pil. Clyster Clyster Troch A Hippocras Wine Pulvis Fomentation Foment Catapl Unguent Catapl Empl Silvâ—â— History What the Brest is The Anatomy of the Brest How milk is made It s name Causes It s subject Signs Presage Cure Apozeme Potion Apozeme Sudorifick decoction Unguent Unguent Empl Unguent History History Caution How an ulcerate Cancer is to be treated A second may Of a Cancer growing at the Eye-tooth Apozeme Potion Potion Gargarism History Signs Signs Causes Presage Cure Unguentâ— Unguenâ— Unguent The Cure of a pestilential Carbuncle Catapl Histoâ—â— Cause Unguent Another A History Signs Causes Presage Herpes exedens Signs Cure Cerate Unguent Unguent History Fomentation Catapl Empl What a Gangrene is What a Sphacâ—lus is The diâ—ference between a Gangrene and a Sphacelus 3 Causes of a Gangrene The universal Causes both of Gangrene and Sphacelus To the first To the second Signs of a Gangrene from a hot intemperiety Signs of its coming from cold 5 Signs of a Sphaceluâ— Cure 1 From the Antecedent Cause 6 Intentions in applying of proper Medicines A particular Cure of a Gangrene coming from Inflammation 1 Intention Unguent Catapl Second Intention 〈…〉 History Oyl Catapl Decoction Digestive Caâ—apl History Cordial History What Artheroma is Observa Care Observ History History It s Cause Cure Empl. History Whence its Name Cure Pil. Pil Catapl its differencies It s Definition Signs Causes Two Species of a Hydrocephalos Presage Cure Decoction Oyl History Unguent Unguent Empl. History History Unguent History Its Causes Digestive Unguent History Three sorts hereof Cure Unguent History Cause Cure â—â—story Cause Signe Cure Pil. Pil Potion A Medicine of the Authors Observ History History Celsus Method Paulus ' s Way History Defensative Collyrium What a Polypus is Cause Differencies Celsus ' s way Paulus 's way What a Glandule is What the Parotides are It s Cure Catapl Unguent Catapl History History History Descriptâ—on of Strumaes Signs Presage Three ways to eradicate them Cure Pil. Pil. Pouder Pouder Aqva Unguent Catapl Catapl Catapl A History Catapl Catapl Catapl Pil. Unguent Empl. Histoâ—y Three species of a true Squinsey Caâ—ses Signs Presagâ— Cure â—argarism Gargarism Catapl History What the Amygdals are 〈◊〉 how made Uses They being the chief Organs of Tasting Cure Gargarism Another Another Trochisc Cataplasm Pil. Electuary History Signs Decoction History Cure History Liniment Empl. Another History Unguent Cataplasm The Causes of a Gonorrhaea Injection A double Method in its Cure Fomentation Unguent Emplâ— History History How the Intestine is to be reposed Cataplasm Unguent Decoction Cerate Empl. Empl. Empl. Apozem Empl. Empl. Histoâ—y Cerate Empl. Anâ—ther Oyl Syrup Electuary Pil. A second Method by Adustion A third Method is Incision The fourth Method History Clyster A Restringent Bag. Purge Signs History Another Another History History Causes Signs Cure Topicks Empl. Fomentation Another Catapl History Foment Another Another Another Oyls Unguent Catapl Another Another Empl. History Signs History Intentions Hernia Humoralis Causes Cure Hist History Causes Signs Presage Cure Unguent Another What Phygethlon is History Their Origination Unguent Another Another Another Another Another History Its Causes A restriâ—gent 〈◊〉 History Apozemâ— Empl. It s Figure what it is Its differences from Pterygion Its Signs Its Causes and manner of breeding Revulsives Interceptives Repellers Catapl History â—â— Pterygian Unguent Catapl History Potio purgans Catapl Unguent Hist Potion Unguen Catapl
amicable Hand and if you give it the time of a Survey play not the part of a Waterman who Dum aliud proponit aliud supponit Let every man study his Art quietly and peaceably that he may profess it openly and confidently then may be expect it to have it guarded with the Lion and Crown and encouraged by Royal Charters and Princely Privileges I hope this Tract will meet with a Gentlemans Charity whose Soul is drawn out to his Fingers ends who can pardon an imperfect Draught and where he meets with too deep Shadows can with a light Hand and finer Pencil lessen its darkness It may be well reckoned amongst Vulgar Errors in our days wherein the Mists of Ignorance are very plentiful the Evening of Knowledge appearing but through a small hole and the dark Clouds of Folly obstructing our Light of Reason and hence is it that the Light which we enjoy is so variously refracted by the glittering Vices of our times and looks much disfigured by the Glasses of Humour and Fancy If this may answer expectation I am happy if it be disliked by such who rather do measure another mans actions by number than by either order or weight I am not troubled knowing it to be a common failing of some to be tempestuous in Temper and troublesom either in Judgment or Desire as to hate any thing they cannot themselves perform or yield or lend a good look to another mans Labours because they were not christned by their Name be they never so lawful good advantageous or honourable To these and such others I offer this as a Conclusion let us all study to be quiet and peaceable and to do our own business for publick and private good to work with our own hands such things as may gain afair repute and good name here and a happy reward from Heaven hereafter then shall our present actions smell like the Rose and Eternal Bliss shall crown our end And as I have in this Tract studied to be profitable to thee so let thy endeavours be to help others From my House in Norwich Nov. ult 1677. Vale. To the Author Mr. JOHN BROWN SIR SInce you were pleased to honour me with a sight of your Chirurgical Endeavours in this Work I must in justice return you my Thanks and Commendations due unto it for though the same Subject hath been handled by others yet have you made so good a Collection out of Approved Authors and so well disposed and set down the Nature and Cure of Tumours together with apposite Historical Observations that the same may become of very good use especially unto younger Chirurgious unto whom you chiefly designed it and therefore I wish you happy success herein and also in all future Endeavours unto which Art and Industry shall enable you Your Loving Friend and Servant THO. BROWN To Mr. John Brown Chirurgion of Norwich on his Treatise of Tumours SIR YOV have taken great pains in these your Collections which having exemplified with so many very pertinent Observations I do encourage you in the Printing of them they will be of great use and instruction to all such as have not had the opportunity of consulting the many learned Authors quoted by you which most imployed in Armes and Sea-service cannot be accommodated with Sir I am Your Affectionate Servant KNIGHT Reg. Chir. Principal To his Ingenious Friend Mr. John Brown upon his Treatise of Preternatural Tumours SIR HAving with great delight perused your Indusrious Discourse and careful Studies in this your Treatise of Preternatural Tumours I must in gratitude and civility return you my just Acknowledgment due unto it How lively you have examined their Causes Signs Presages and Cures no Son of Art but will acknowledge with thankfulness and with what admirable Historical Observations you have adorned your Book I need not to acquaint the Reader All that I shall and in justice ought to adde your Care and Ingenuity shewn herein may challenge a kind Opinion from the worst of those who may pretend any disgust against your Sedulous Endeavours which is the perfect Vote of him who is SIR Your assured Friend and Servant ROB. DANIEL To his Worthy Friend Mr. John Brown Chirurgion in Ordinary to the Kings most Excellent Majesty on this his Learned and Elaborate Treatise of Chirurgery WElcome my Friend upon this mundane stage Learn'd Artists very scarce are and the Age Abounds with Dolts which doth its ills enrage We wanted one that would our Griefs declare And proper Medicines for them prepare And thank our happy Stars we have them here If Agues or Cut Fingers formerly Being cur'd could raise men to a Deity What 's then thy due that cur'st each Malady Cheap in those cloudy times were Deities And little skill would purchase such a Prize But Physick now doth look with Argus Eyes Yet thy great Soul is such thou canst appear Before the Presidents and Censors Chair Thy Work being perfect what hast thou to fear Were fam'd Hippocrates alive to write Those Books which first gave Greece her Physick sight He from this Work would humbly borrow light For having this learn'd Book men need no more Of useful things it is a bounteous store And doth provide a Salve for every Sore Thanks then dear Friend for this thy worthy pains Cure but all Worms too in Fanatick brains And Immortality shall be thy Gains JOHN GADBURY Student in Physick and Astrology The Names of the Authors concerned in this Tract of Tumours Paulus Aegineta Albucasts Avicen Aquapendens Aetius Banister Berbert Bayrus Bauhinus Benivenius Cornelius Celsus Crooke Cordaeus Calmetaeius Columbus Dodonaeus Jacobus Dovonetus Gabriel Falloppius Fabritius Hildanus Fabritius de Aqu. pend Forestus Galen Guido Gesner Osualdus Gavelchoverus Hippocrates Haliabbas Hercules Saxoniae Hollerius Jubertus Laurentius Lusitanus Leonellus Montanus Ocavus Oratianus Jacobus Oetheus Guilielmus Placentinus Ambrosius Paraeus Rhasis Read Rondeletius Ronsius Rogerius Johannes Schenkius Johannes Tagaultius Johannes Vigerius Johannes Vigo Vesalius Whartonius AN INTRODUCTION TO CHIRURGERY AMONGST all the liberall Arts which the wise Creator hath made and bestowed on mankind there is none extant that carry more excellency and dignity than this of healing Considering either its Origin or Antiquity its splendor of Invention its honour and excellency nobility and vertue its subject and learning benefit and necessity constancy and firmness with its liberality and charity As touching its Origin and Antiquity It came into the world almost in the same day with man for soon after his Birth was this sought out as both reason and history makes good it being generally our lots either sooner or later to make use hereof for as soon as we leave our mothers womb we grow subject to receive the vapors of a putrid air and winds and do thereby exprome diseases and sicknesses as well as upon a further growth we share in others arising from meats and drinks Can we either live well or act any thing to purpose without health Are there not many
have already writ of Tumours from whence we shall derive this method in our beginning of Tumours first acquainting you with the name of a Tumour then its essence and causes then its difference and symptomes its signs and presages and after these its universal cures both as touching general and particular Tumours Of each of these in their Order CHAP. II. Of the name of a Tumour IT hath its name from the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies inflammation or extutuberance and hence by Celsus and Avicen a Tumour is said to signifie a preternatural extuberance and by Galen is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tumor praeter naturam by the Asiaticks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as it were a condensed or conglobated matter by the Arabians Apostema which by the Greeks signifieth an Abscess which is a substance converted into Pus or as Aqua pendens calls it an eminency of the body this I call a preternatural disease in which some parts of the body are indecently extended being hereby unfit for performance of their proper action Hippocrates doth christen all Tumours with the name of Oedema Galen appearing somewhat doubtful and incertain doth sometimes reckon this amongst diseases of the similar sometimes amongst the Organick parts Haliabbas is of his Opinion Guido defines an Aposteme a disaffection composed of three sorts of diseases aggregated into a bulk And Avicen thus expounds them ill complexion ill composition and a common solution of Continuity which is found in every Tumour Tagaultius after Guido defineth an Aposteme to be an Inflammation made in a member beyond its proper nature and form Falloppius holdeth a preternatural Tumour to be a Disease in magnitude and therefore simple and onely consistent in a great extention Fabritius de Aqua pendente offereth a preternatural Tumour for the most part to be a compound disease and taketh its denomination from that which hindereth action Read calls it sometimes a Disease sometimes holds it to be a light Affection for the most part incident to the Organick parts encreasing their quantity by superfluous humours Or if you please after all these you may take a preternatural Tumour to be a material Intemperiety dissolving the Union of the parts and sometimes hurting them in magnitude figure and sight CHAP. III. Of the Causes of Tumours A Tumour is said generally to have four causes attend it as a Material Efficient Formal and Final cause By Guido the first is called the conjunct cause The second when Nature frameth any part so weak as that it is not able and strong enough to keep the excrements of other parts out of its territory A third cause when any part of its substance is too rare or loose the fourth is a natural Humidity with exemplification of the part Another cause may be said to be the Site of the part for the upper parts are said to be less capable of receiving humours than the lower part Falloppins offereth six heads as so many Observations of Tumours The first when it begins to putrifie it spreds and extends it self speedily and suddenly groweth into a lump or masse Secondly there are Humours which â—ake Tumours and these are either 〈◊〉 or preternatural Thirdly when some parts change and remove themselves 〈◊〉 of their proper places into other 〈◊〉 strange places as you 〈◊〉 in Ruptâ—â—â—â— and Dissocations A fourth is such â—â—mours as are bred of waterish 〈◊〉 as Hernia Aquosa Ascitis and the like A fifth when vapours wind and the like either naturally or preternaturally do frame a Tumour And the sixth is that which maketh the body unnatural to it self as Sanies Excrements and the like But to bring this discourse of Falloppius to one head you may find six Humours generally in our bodies of which are generated these six Tumours as out of Blood Choller Flegm Melancholy Wind and Water Phlegmon Erysipelas Oedema Scirrhus Pneumatocele Hydrocele Besides these we have Insects and other Animals that very oft times are the occasions of Tumours as Falloppius once observed in a Maid who having a large Tumour about the Inguen the Chirurgion in his presence opening the same saw it filled with Worms Amongst the primary causes may well be reckoned Air for out of its Contagion ariseth many Tumours Secondly Contaction as a cold Stone may occasion a Tumour and for this Falloppius brings in another story of a Woman who sitting upon a cold stone was afflicted with a cold Tumour And a third may be solution of continuity and this proveth either occult or manifest thus after fractures we oft times find large Aposâ—emes to appear and what was the occasion of Luxation is very oft also the occasion of Tumours as too much contracting or binding of a part may occasion a Tumour as Gangrene biting of Beasts taking of offensive things inwardly these being sufficient matter for Humours to breed from If a Humour do suddenly excite a Tumour this is its evident cause and the cause hereof is either Congestion or Fluxion The one when bred carried in the part onely whilst the other maketh its further progress by Fluxion as Aqua pendens observeth And therefere as he adviseth we ought well to consider the part mit tant and the part recipient for the matter doth not move it self but is moved by some other as by the part mittant per 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and by the part recipient per 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The mittant part ought first to be strong and able to expel the supersluities as the attractive is made by the part recipient And this bringeth me to the inward causes and here sometimes the matter is hedged into one place so that it cannot make its exit Another may be its passage out of one place into another and this is properly called Fluxion a Fluendo from thus â—lowing and as intemperiety is the cause of pain or solution of Continuity so also is this intemperiety made either by outward or inward causes CHAP. IV. Of the Differencies of Tumours THE true Differencies of Tumours by Aqua pendens are generally taken from these two Fountains as from Humours and the depending parts and from these two do arise the cheif intentions in Tumours Falloppius doth offer seven things which belong to the Differencies of Tumours First a disease when it receiveth more or less Secondly the material cause hereof diversified and then are its Species and Differencies diverse Thirdly when the efficient cause when manifold doth draw many species to it The fourth is the Fountain of accidents which followeth the disease The fifth the time which is the cause of all the differencies of Tumours The sixth the subject of the Tumour And seventhly the motion of the disease for it is as its owner and moveth as he moveth Besides these are we to consider of the times of diseases for some are short some long some quick others slow and therefore are we well to
or nine times untill it hath lost all its Acrimony and Mordacity This Powder being thus made take of Litharge of Gold â„¥ ij Oyl of Roses â„¥ iiij with which boil it being mixed with the former to the consistence of an Emplaster This is to be put at the end of a Searching Candle or Leaden Probe so as that it falleth not off This is in much esteem for this Affect But because all Bodies have not one and the same constitution and temper therefore are Medicines to be changed accordingly and after the Application hereof you are to inject into the part affected Goats Milk or other Milk or Rose water to which may be added a little Camphire and these to be applied untill the pain cease You may know when the Caruncle is extirpated when out of its inordination it is perceived about the ulcerated part and also out of the copiousness of the effluent Matter the which also whilest it is extracted the Candle does appear as if it were wholly imbued with it and after this if the Urine flow liberally freely quickly and copiously and in its right method there will be left but little occasion of doubt but your Patient will do well it being discussed and extirpated The Ulcer is to be discharged by a Liquor sent into the part affected through the Syringe as â„ž Centuaur maj Apii Caud equin an M. ss Hord. contus â„¥ j. coquantur in aquae fontanae lbij. ad consumpt med colaturae adde mel â„¥ ij utere The Ulcer being cleansed you are to induce a Cicatrice as with this or the like â„ž Aqu. Plantag Rosar rubr an â„¥ iiij Ser. Lact. caprin â„¥ ij Ceruss Ê’vj Alumin Roch. Marmor candidissim Spod Crystal an Ê’iss Camphor ℈ j. fiat pulvis subtilissimus And this is the whole Method which is and ought to be used for a Caruncle Unto these also might I adde Phymosis and Paraphymosis but Fabritius Hildanus has writ most exactly hereof and thereto do I commend the curious Chirurgeon I shall conclude this Chapter with this History of a Gentleman who fell into a suppression of Urine by a tumefied Caruncle in his Yard generated by an impure and immoderate Coition A Chirurgeon being sent for to search him with a Catheter occasioned a great Flux of Blood the Patient being in much pain and thus suppressed in his Urine grew into a Fever for prevention of which I breathed a Vein afterwards ordered an emollient and cooling Clyster and anointed the Perinaeum and all its adjacent parts with a cooling Unguent after this I prescribed him a Vomit of Sal Vitrioli by vertue of which he vomited up much pituitous Matter and in the second Vomit went out an Ounce or two of Urine whereby he found himself somewhat cheared and thus by degrees his Bladder was altogether unloaded within 4 or 5 hours and the part affected being cured with Sâ—l Prunella Injections and Clysters such as you have already prescribed the Patient recovered Riverius in his 14 Observat writeth that Charles the Ninth King of France being much afflicted with this Distemper was by these following Medicines cured for which Cure was given 200 Pieces of Gold â„ž Cass recenter extr â„¥ ss Suc. Liquirit Ê’j Electuar è succ Rosar Ê’ij Aq. Lupul â„¥ iiij fiat potio mane sumenda And for ten days after he drank of this Decoction half a pound â„ž rad Liquirit Alth. Sebest Passul an M. iss Alth. malv. Apii Petroselin an Ê’ss aqu fontan lbij. coquantur ad mediae consumpt After which were applied these two Unguents â„ž ol Rosar lbij. Ceruss Venet. â„¥ iiij Camphor â„¥ ss Tuth aqu Rosar lot praeparat â„¥ ss Lithargyr praeparat â„¥ iij. pulv Antimon opt â„¥ iss Op. Thur. mascul vel Oliban Mastich Alo. Epatic an ℈ ij misce servetur in pixide plumbeo The second for Consolidation was this â„ž Vnguent Rosat aqu Rosar lot Vnguent alb Camphorat an â„¥ j. Pomat. â„¥ ss misce Keep thefe for use The way of applying these is at the end of a Searching Wax Candle it being rubbed over with Oyl of sweet Almonds and if there be a double Carnosity then apply the first Unguent to both of them for fifteen or twenty days and as it seemeth to dissolve and to turn into pus then abate the applicacation of the first the Urine coming free and with ease and for eight or ten days afterwards apply the second untill no further Matter come forth Hitherto hath our Discourse treated of the Parts as they arise from the Head even to the Penis the next which we shall produce are the variety of Herniaes or Ruptures and these as they arise shall offer themselves with their several Forms Shapes and Places their Causes Signs and Cures and Differences and shall begin with an Intestinal Rupture and so proceed to the rest in their order and form CHAP. LIII Of Ruptures in general WE arrive now to Herniaes or Ruptures the which for the most part do dwell on the Hypogastrick Region And whereas other Humours have allowed them three Causes as being bred either out of an Influx of Humours or Decumbency of Parts or Congestion All these have their lively Forms and Shapes in the Tumours of the Testicles for Tumours are made here either by Humours flowing as Inflammations Erysipelaes Oedema and Scirrhus or from the Decumbent Parts or from Congestion as from Water or any other Humour These kind of Tumours are better and oftner cured by Chirurgery than Pharmacy And as they are various in their Places divers in Shapes and manifold in Forms so do these and every of them make various Intentions and Indications for the Chirurgeon And that every thing may fall successive to the wish both of Practiser and Patient in this place it will be very proper to know well and understand the Parts framing the Testicles they being as the chief Causes and Effects of most of these Ruptures Celsus lib. 7. cap. 28. does account the Testicles to be Glandulous Bodies wrapt about and twisted with various Vessels Coats and Ligaments By the Greeks they are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as being two in number and these are the Authors and Workmen of the Seed for they have allowed them a vernaculate faculty of attracting and educing the Spermatick Matter from all the parts of the Body The Coats of the Testicles are four the first called Epididymis immediately enwrapping the Testicles from whence it taketh its Name the second Elythrois so called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or quasi rubro similis or vaginalis the third Dartos 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because it is easily excoriated and lieth next the Scrotum the last is the Scrotum it self To these Testicles also belong Vasa deferentia Vasa praeparantia the Cremaster Muscles and the like This may serve as a brief Anatomy of the Testicles and its neighbouring parts We proceed now to the various Differences of Ruptures before we treat singly of each by it self
comfortable Medicines here If they run into a Gangrene treat it as I have already directed you in the cure of a Gangrene Hildanus writeth of a young Gentleman who upon too much walking had a Tumour occasioned in his Foot and for want of convenient Medicines thereto applied there speedily happened an Inflammation and within a very few days a very large Phlegmon accompanied with great pain and Fever yet by this following Method his Patient was eased and recovered To him first was prescribed a thin Diet then was ordered this Purging Potion â„ž Electuar è succ Rosar Ê’ij pulv Rhabarb Ê’ss cum syrup Rosar solutivar â„¥ j. Decoct Agrimon Veronic Rad. Lapath acut Cort. interior rad Frangul sem Anis fiat Potio The day following he breathed a Vein in the Arm the Hip Knee and all the inflamed parts were freed from Inflammation by this following Unguent â„ž ol Rosar â„¥ ij ol Lumbricor Axung Human. an Ê’ij misce and afterwards was applied this Cataplasm â„ž sem Cydonior Foenugraec Alth. an Ê’ij pulverizentur macerentur in aqua calida tunc adde farin Hord. â„¥ iij. pulv Rosar rubr â„¥ ss coquantur s q. aquae fontanae ad Cataplasmatis formam fine addendo vitella ovorum no. ij cum albumine Apply this and renew it as often as occasion requireth By these the Pain abated the Matter began to shew it self and by Basilicon being applied to the part it was discharged and by the use of the Cataplasm the Patient was perfectly recovered Thus have I carried you through the whole Discourse of Preternatural Tumours both in General and Particular in which I have with all care and industry endeavoured to shew you their Definitions Differences Causes Signs Presages and Cures Si quid novisti rectius istis Candidus imperti si non his utere mecum FINIS An Index of the Chapters AN Introduction to Chirurgery 1 Of Humours 34 A particular Scheme of Humours 45 A general Division of Tumours 46 Cap. 1. Of the Names of such Authors which have writ of Tumonrs in general 55 2. Of the name of a Tumour 57 3. Of the Causes of Tumours 59 4. Of the Differences of Tumours 62 5. Of the Vniversal way of curing Tumours 64 6. Of Phlebotomy its method of Operation and where it is to be most properly performed 66 7. Of Evacuation of Matter erring in Quality 72 8. Of a Tumour the part affected drawing preternatural Bodies to it self 74 9. Of the 4 Times of a Tumour and first of its Beginning 78 10. Of a Tumour in its Augment 81 11. Of a Tumour in its State 84 12. Of a Tumour in its Declination 86 13. Of a Tumour tending to Suppuration 87 14. Of a Phlegmon or Inflammation in general 91 15. Of curing a Phlegmon in its Beginning 100 16. Of curing a Phlegmon in its augment 103 17. Of curing a Phlegmon in its state 105 18. Of curing a Phlegmon in its declination 106 19. Of an Erysipelas 108 20. Of an Erysipelas in the Face 119 21. Of Oedema 123 22. Of Scirrhus 132 23. Of aqueous Tumours 140 24. Of windy Tumours 145 25. Of a Cancer 153 26. Of a Carbuncle 175 27. Of Epinyctis 182 28. Of Herpes miliaris and Herpes exedens 184 29. Of a Gangrene and Sphacelus 190 30. Of Artheroma 208 31. Of Steatoma 212 32. Of Melicoris 215 33. Of Psydracium 218 34. Of Hydrocephalos 220 35. Of Talpa or Testudo 231 36. Of Tinea 234 37. Of Ficus 237 38. Of Cataract 240 39. Of Hordeolum 249 40. Of Vnguis 250 41. A Polypus 253 42. Of Parotis 258 43. Of Epulis and Parulis 261 44. Of Ranula 263 45. Of Strumae and Scrophulae 265 46. Of Bronchocele 275 47. Of Angina 278 48. Of a Tumour of the Tonsils 283 49. Of Empyema 288 50. Of a Tumour of the Diaphragma 294 51. Of Extuberancy of Milk 297 52. Of a Caruncle in the Yard and its manner of Extirpation 300 53. Of Ruptures in general 310 54. Of Bubonocele or Hernia Inguinalis 314 55. Of Enterocele or Hernia Intestinalis 319 56. Of an Intestinal Rupture the Peritonaeum being lacerated 327 57. Of Epiplocele or Hernia Omentalis 334 58. Of Exomphalos or Hernia Vmbilicalis 337 59. Of Hydrocele or Hernia Aquosa 341 60. Of Pneumatocele or Hernia Ventosa 349 61. Of Sarcocele or Hernia Carnosa 352 62. Of Cirsocele or Hernia Varicosa 356 63. Of a Venereal Bubo 359 64. Of a Pestilential Bubo 365 65. Of Phyma and Phygethlon 370 66. Of the Hemorrhoides 372 67. Of an Aneurism 378 68. Of Paronychia and Pterygion 383 69. Of Nodes of the Legs 387 70. Of Tumours and Apostems of the Knee 389 71. Of an Abscess of the Foot 393 FINIS ERRATA Page 6. line 18. read call l. 27. put out and. p. 12. l. 8. r. environed p. 16. l. 24. r. scite p. 22. l. 3. r. l. e. p. 28. l. 5. r. perfect cures p. 46. l. 16. r. Erysipelas p. 84. l. 11. r. this hath attended it p. 96. l. 9. r. Electuar Diacatholicon Ê’vj p. 98. l. 17. r. Succin p. 188. l. 14. r. Chamomel in many places r. aqu fontanae p. 225. l. 18. r. oft tiâ—es onely p. 229. l. 13. r. ceased to live p. 232. l. ult r. Unguent ex Apio p. 237. l. ult r. Ulcers It s Origin and Antiquity It s Origination shown in a great part by Holy writ As to its honour and Excellency It s learning and vertue It s Subject Mans upper parts The scene changed The middle Region The courage abated and this Sun Ecclipsed The third Region Nature made unnatural to it self by diseases It s Constancy and firmness It s fruit necessity and profit It s liberality and Charity What Chirurgery is It s end for which it was framed It s Order and method Into general and special parts In the Chirurgick garden grows things natural unnatural and preternatural Whâ— natural What preternatural or unnatural Three general Iâ—tentions The first The second Three waies to know how to cure a disease The third What person a Chirurgion ought to be Exercised in Anatomy Well read in Physick The knowledg of medicine proper for him What a humour is What blood is How 〈◊〉 Blood hot and moist Choller hot and dry A similitude between milk and choller Its uses What flegm is What melancholy 4 Species of melancholy The name of a Tumour It s difinition 4 Causes of Tumours 6 Heads of Tâ—mours by 〈◊〉 Observation of Falloppius A History The causes of Tumours are either congestion or Fluxion Inward causes Falloppius offers seven things as touching the differencies of Tumours From whence cometh our first intention Galens 7 Cautions Note Hippocrates his Rule How the young Chirurgion should open a vein If the thin matter cannot be digested it is to be revelled and bow this as to be done Observat Observat A Lixivium Urguent Catapl Empl. If made by loosness of a part Unguent
colour and sometimes sweet in taste that also properly said to be unnatural which is void of these and hence doth it take its several names as that generally caled a thin serious Flegm which is endewed with a waterish or windy substance that called thick and glassy which is thick viscous and mucilaginous and growing harder gets the name of glassy flegm if it putrify and corrode it is called salt eruginous and corrosive flegm Again â—legm is said to be natural being made in the blood not well digested and hence Aristotle the 6. Top. saith flegm is the first of indigestions coming from meats and Gal. 2. de different feb cap. 6. whatever humour in our body is cold and moist this we call flegm Avicen Prima Primi numbreth up 8 kinds of unnatural flegm We may well consider it in respect of its sapour and of its substance of its sapour and here are three differencies salt sweet and sowr and its insipidness may come in as well but in respect of its substance there may be four coupled to the former and these will make up Avicens 8. Every nutrition is as an assimulation which nourisheth that by which it is nourished and as melancholy nourisheth the melancholly parts so do flegm the articulations and as this is a cold and flegmatick humour yet in process of time it is digested and made blood held by some yet this generation is not to be allowed reciprocally for cold cannot be made by heat the humours by nature being rightly disposed therefore neither can flegm be made of blood and so will its generation prove it self no waies reciprocal We come now to melancholy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is said to be either natural or not natural That natural which is the faeces or sediment of the blood or the thicker part thereof whose colour is black its taste sowr and sharp generated for nourishing the melancholy parts The not natural which wholly doth degenerate from its own nature it is a cold and dry humour arising out of the thicker part of the chyle whose species are four First that is properly called a melancholy humour in whose proper substance the blood is burnt and made putrid and hereby is made Bilis nigra which is acid and being poured on the ground like vinegar riseth and bubbles up The second is black choller made out of the adustion of the other humours The third species is unnatural arising with a lapidous concretion The fourth is when other humours are mixt with this for then it puts it into its own bitter frame and makes it a part of erosion Gal. 2. de Temperament cap. 3. saith the blood is the best of all juices and that this is as its sediment And 3 de Prognost here he telleth us it hath a double generation one arising from thick blood being as the lees of wines setling in the bottom the other from yellow choller being much burnt which passeth through and burns its parts The natural is the faeces of good blood and a superfluity being compared with the blood This unnatural is not as an Hypostasis and faeces but more like a coal or cinder Helmontius calleth the place which is generally reputed to lodg this humour the immediate Organ of the sensative soul of understanding venery sleep of various diseases but these are merae nugae but according to our later Anatomists it is held to serve for other uses that it may prepare an acid juice for the fermentation of the whole masse of blood and chyle and this acid part of the blood it draweth from the heart and sends it prepared to the mesentery that thereby the remaining part elaborated from the liver may be more pure and perfect as Wallaeus observeth and therefore as the bladder of gall is appointed by nature to be as a proper receptacle of choller strained in thither by the Parenchyma of the liver so is this settled and perfected in the spleen by which the spleen it self is made of a blackish blewish colour and is acid This acid humour mixeth it self with the blood both with the vessels and chyle in the stomack and so rendreth them more thin for may we not oft find the spleen being obstructed that thick humours do course about our bodies not because these thick humours are drawn from the spleen but because it cannot communicate its attenuating acid humour to thâ— blood and chyle and whatsoever of this acid humour is unfit for nutrition it is sent out and discharged with the serum by urine And having given you this general draught of the four humours and shown you whence they are made and for what use how natural and not naturâ—l I will now show their several natures consistencies colours tasts and uses in this one following Scheme A Particular Scheme of Humours showing their several  Nature Consistence Colour Taste Use Blood is As the Air Hot and moist It is of a mean consistence being neither to thick or too thin Red and Rosey Sweet and Benign It nourisheth the fleshly parts and sendeth forth its heat and warmth through the whole body Flegm is Like Water Cold and moisâ— Of a Liquid Consistence White and Shining Sweet or Insipid This serves the Brain the cold and moist parts it being most properly Ordered here Choller is Resembling Fire Hot dry Of a Thin Consistence Pale and Yellow Bitter and Felleous This moveth the expulsive faculty attenuates flegm and doth nourish parts of its own temper Melancholly is Paynting Earth Cold and Dry. Thick and Fâ—eculent Black and Ashy Sowr and Pricking This excites Appetite nourisheth the Spleen and prepares an acidness for the preventing of the blood Thus have you a particular Scheme wherein you may see the rules of nature in well ordering these humours I now am to conduct you to the general division of praeternatural Tumours which arise from these and the like it being a most excellent Pilot for conveighing you into the knowing the main of the differencies effects causes signs and presages of preternatural Tumours or an exact Master teaching the grounds and choice rules of curing every sort of tumour A General Division of Tumours The first and general differencies of preternatural Tumours are six Plegmone Erysippus Scirrhus Oedema These from Blood Choller Melancholy Flegm The One of the Other two Inflation generated out of a windy matter The other Water and to this belongeth watery Tumours We begin with the Phlegmone 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it is made two waies One made out of pure blood and this is called Phlegmone vera The other out of blood mixed with other humours and this is called Plegmone non vera Out of blood mixed with other humours cometh Erysipelatodes Oedematodes Scirrhodes Phlegmonous affects are Panaritium or a sharp extuberance with pain and inflammation Bubo a simple inâ—lammation of the loose parts Phygethloâ— by the Greeks called Phlegmone Erysipelatodes and Erysipelas Phelgmonodes Phyma an inflammation of the glandules
understand their diversity of times Hence also are we to consider the largness or smalness of a Tumour and its species without the knowledg of which we cannot be said to understand the curative method its causes which are conjunct with the disease the circumjacent parts and the symptoms which do follow either from the nature or cause thereof and lastly the signs And when we have thus far arrived we are to consider the four great Tumours in general as Phlegmon it being as our first to treat of it proceeding of blood the Son of nature generated for the treasure of life Secondly of Erysipelas arising from choller the fury of the gall Thirdly of Oedema coming from Flegm the proper instruments of the joynts Fourthly of a Scirrnus bred of Melancholy the lumpy and terrene masse of the rest Of every of these are bred various Tumours according to their various shapes and changes but of these in their proper places CHAP. V. Of the Vniversal way of curing Tumours HE that will undertake the curing of Tumours ought well to understand his curative scopes and intentions and the well timing of Tumours is a very great matter here And here may we expect a Tumour either already made or in its making And hence ariseth a double intention the one prohibiting Fluxion whilst the other cure is wrought by discharging the matter already flown because removing of causes do hinder Fluxion If this happen from Plethory breathing of a vein is very proper whilst in a cachochymick body purging is as useful When a Tumour doth proceed from Fluxion we are to begin our cure from the matter flowing and hence cometh our first intention and this is performed by Repellers Revellers and Interceptives save onely in these seven cases set down as our seven cautions by Galen First when the matter doth flow to the Emunctories or glandulous parts secondly when a venenate matter floweth for this sends it more inwards and so poysoneth the heart Thirdly when this matter floweth Critically not crossing Nature in her own way Fourthly when Fluxion is excited in a Cacochymick body Fifthly when the part to which this matter maketh its Flux is weak and its heat but mean Sixthly when there is vehement pain for here is more need of anodynes and then seventhly when this Fluxion is near some principal part And as touching these curative scopes we are first to probihit its Origination and by this means to hinder its augment secondly to understand the quality of such things as are to be applied for as Galen saith 13 Method 16. we do destroy the breed of a Tumour if we well understand its cause and this being ablated the Tumour is soon seen to vanish Fluxion and congestion are the two cheif causes of Tumours the first offending either in Quantity or Quality and so with violence doth seize suddainly upon any member either by reason of its loosness or weakness Congestion being when a Humour is gathered into a part gradatim by reason of this weakness of the digestive and expulsive faculties CHAP. VI. Of Phlebotomy its manner of Operation and where it is most properly performed IN this Discourse we have many things do offer themselves to our consideration As when there is a fulness Evacuation is in use and here is to be let out as much as is necessary If there be a Plethory Quoad vires here it is to be repeated And as touching the part which is to have the lancet exercised on it whether from above or below this also is to be minded and regarded because Derivation which Evacuation from the adjacent part doth not agrees in the beginning of the cure because this would make the Fluxion larger and the Attraction to the part affected greater And if we will make Revulsion aright we ought well to understand the place of Fluxion that we may happily revell in the opposite part Thus if the right kidney be hurt we open a vein in the left arm in Tumours of the groin vena Poplitis And if any may question our meaning between the upper and lower parts Galen himself giveth them this answer All the parts above the navel including the Liver and Stomack are called the upper parts and thus have we one part of the vena Cava called the ascendent Trunk the other below these are properly called the lower parts This knotty difference between Repulsion Revulsion and Derivation is not very easily untied I shall thus endeavour to loosen it Fluxion arising from Expulsion showeth expulsion if it followeth from the quantity of matter this is either to be revoked or evacuated and hence ariseth this twofold intention Revultion and Evacuation This being out another thing is to be observed the matter that slows hath three places one from whence it floweth the second whither and this is to the part affected and thirdly through what parts before it arrives hither These being found out we are to consider how to discharge this matter and thereby prevent its further spreading secondly we are to prevent the Fluent matter which hath got passage into the channels that it flow not to the part affected and so run this also into a Tumour And the well consideration of these may well make us use study where and when to make this Revulsion and where to make evacuation And in both of these we are to observe Hippocrates Rule that all be done secundum rectitudinem and this is to be performed two waies as by comparing the left with the left and the right with the right for with these there is held a proper consent Thus the Liver vein hath a rectitude with those veins which ascend up to the head Thus upon an immoderate Flux at the right nostril by applying a cupping glass to the Region of the Liver the Flux doth suddenly stop if the left by applying one to the spleen doth work and perform the same effects Galen hath also two species of Revulsion the one from the upper parts to the lower from the right to the left the second not so exact which we use when the matter is much and threatens danger Galen also in diseases of the upper parts doth revel by opening the upper veins as in Tumours of the head he doth order the Cephalick vein to be opened and Falloppius saith in a Squinancy he hath breathed the left arm and the Humour presently vanished and in some cases this is very proper In Tumours of the Axillaries being venenate if we should open the lower veins we must consequently draw its venome inwards to the heart and vice versa if we should open the upper veins in a pestilential Bubo we may well make a free passage for the pestiferous matter to make its address to the heart which is not onely a great fault in the Chirurgion but also as unhappy to the Patient And thus have I shown some of its benefits I now come to teach the young Chirurgion how he is to use his
this Tension and this be large when these signs are at hand use neither repelling Medicines nor Digestives but use your greatest care to assist nature in her progress of suppuration by maturating Medicines that is to prepare the matter and make it fit for expulsion and then to discharge it when we have thus prepared it And that therefore we may procure the Tumour for this suppuration and produce a good and laudable matter we are to encrease this Quantity of native heat by such Medicines as are of a digesting faculty the which ought to be of the native heat with the part These are to be applied from the beginning of the Augment to the end of the vigour Some of these are simple as Marshmallows â—iggs Chamomile Galbanum Bdellium Ammoniacum Hogs lard Goose grease and the like Of the compound may be reckoned Empl. Diachylon cum gummi de Mucilag Flos Vnguentorum or some of these Emplasters or Cataplasms Of which for this use these may be applied very properly â„ž Empl. Diachyl cum gum â„¥ i. De Mucilag Paracâ—ls an â„¥ ss Basilicon Ê’i Croc. ℈ i. cum Vitâ—l Ovor. no. i. misce fiat Empl. Or. â„ž Bdell Ammoniac an â„¥ ss Solventur in Lixivio claro adde Calc viv cum Axung contrit Ê’i Sulphur viv Ê’ss Alumin â„¥ ss mel Opt. â„¥ iss ferment veter Ê’ij misce â„ž Rad. Lilior â„¥ i. Alth. cum Rad. Malv an M. ss fl Chamomel Melilot an pug i. Ficuum pag. iij. sem lin faenugraec an Ê’iij fiat decoctum in vino albo q. s colaturae adde Vitâ—ll Ovor. no. ij Croc. ℈ ss Ol. Cham. Melilot an â„¥ ij misce fiat Cataplasma Or. â„ž Rad. fol. Alth. Malv an M. i. Coquantur pistâ—â—tur ut artis est quibus adde â—arin Tritic. â„¥ ij farin sem Lin. â—eâ—â—graec an â„¥ i. Butyr recent â—l Liliâ—râ— alb Vnguent Dialth an â„¥ iss Croc. Ê’ss vitell ovor no. ij misce fiat Catapl The matter by these orany of these or the like being brought to Suppuration this is to be discharged and this generally is to be performed by Incision or Caustick And before we attempt either of these we are well to understand whether it be ripe enough and this you may thus find out The Tumour at this time seeming by contracting it self to appear less than it was in its state then it draweth it self to a point its hardness is much abated and therefore discussed and by touching it with the finger we find it Fluctuatous the heat and pain ceaseth the part is changed in its colour the Cuticula is shriveled all these being good signs of its Suppuration This not being all drawn out you are to arm your Tents or Pledgets with this or the like â„ž Terebinth Venet. â„¥ i. Mell. Ê’ij succ Ap. â„¥ ss Farin Fabar. Ê’v misce fiat Linimentum After the Application of which apply Diachylon cum gummi or Empl. de Mucilaginibus All these being discharged and the Orifice being well mundified and deterged your next business is by the helps of Sarcoticks to fill up with flesh as Vnguent Basilicon Aureum and the like and then with Epouloticks to induce a Cicatrice as with Vnguent Diapompholigos Desiccativum Rubrum Sanativum or Diapalma And thus have I run through the four times of a Tumour and because a Phlegmon doth bear the greatest share in these four times and orderings I shall be much briefer in its discourse and so proceed CHAP. XIV Of a Phlegmon or Inflammation in General IT is by all Authors granted that a Phlegmon hath its four times and that out of Blood besides this doth arise several other Tumours as a Carbuncle Gangrene Sphacelus Pernio Phyma Phygethlon and several others And here let us first inquire what a Phlegmon is and whence derived It taketh its name 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifieth to inflame This is an Intemperiety not only of the simple but also of the Organick parts as Galen observeth in 13. Meth. Our latter Writers do make two distinctions about the material cause hereof the Blood being either natural or not natural the natural furnished with these conditions being of the same Blood with that which cometh from the Sanguinary mass having in it the four Humours and these Qualities as being hot in action and moist in consistence in colour red in taste sweet the unnatural being denied of these good Qualities and also devested and deprived hereof Thus out of pure and benign Blood ariseth an exquisite Phelgmon if this Tumour hath any other humours annexed or joined to it it occasioneth a various species of Inflammation as having Choller admixed it maketh Phlegmon Erysipelatodes if Flegm Phlegmon Oedematodes if melancholy Phlegmon Scirrhodes Besides these also other accidents belong to Inflammation for if an inflammation doth get into the membranes of the brain it maketh Phrenitis when it creepeth into the Tunica conjunctiva there it frameth Opthalmia when into the Fauces Angina into the Pleura Pleuritis and so into the Emunctuories Bubo Its causes may arise either inwards or outwards Inward causes are Plethory or plenty of Blood and this not having its free passage must necessarily inflame and putrify inflamed heat in the Sanguinary masse and this oft times doth exalt it self into Fevers the part hot and painful doth draw the Blood and this maketh up the Inflammation Outward causes may be said to be Aires which do inculcate and shut in this putrid matter Attrition Attraction solution of Continuity or Luxation these or any of these causing pain and so Inflammation As to the signs when you perceive a Tumour is soon made and doth soon encrease you may properly judge this an Inflammation when the patient doth perceive a great heat and burning arising from this heat the colour of the part Florid and Red occasioned by heat and thinness of parts pain great and a pulsation joined to this pain by reason of its hot intemperiety when any part extendeth it self upon compression aggravation and vellication of the nervous parts and the veins evidently appear which before lay hid when Tension is made by reason of the constipated matter all these are sufficient signs which may pretend to paint out Inflammation I shall follow Guido's method in the cure of Inflammations as first by removing the cause then come to the Inflammation it self and so to the discharging of the peccant matter And for this he propounds four methods according to the four times and whereas a Phlegmon hath a Beginning while the Blood is nowing an Augment when in its Flux it is made hotter a State when it is converted into Pus or Matter and a Declination when the Inflammation is digested resolved and the Tumour diminished So also the four Intentions shall be these first in having a respect to the order of diet secondly to hinder the Flux of Humours thirdly to discharge the Matter and then lastly to correct
signifies Aspera Arteria and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tumour and therefore by Celsus is said to be a Tumour arising between the Cutis and Wind-pipe and by him is numbred amongst Abscesses whose Matter is lodged in a Bag or a Coat which is dull Flesh somewhat like Honey or Water Celsus doth here also propose two sorts of Medicines as Caustick and Instrument by burning Medicines so as that the Cutis and Bladder may be burnt and thus the Matter discharged but this is a great deal of trouble to a little purpose and therefore he more readily comes to Incision And here he orders a direct Incision to be made into the Coat so as the vicious matter may be separated by the Finger after which let it be well mundified with Vinegar to which adde some Salt or Nitre and in every Abscess we are to take notice that there is a small Vein or Artery that doth feed it and its Membrane whereto it doth adhere to the sound part in the other part it is free If any Patient should come to your hand with such an Abscess be always careful of these four Intentions as in the ordering your Patients Diet in preparing and purging the antecedent Matter in removing the Matter contained in the Tumour and in applying convenient Topicks Let his Diet be thin his Air hot or temperate for purging these may serve â„ž Pil. de Agaric Pulv. Hier. Colocynth an Ê’ij cum syrup de Stechad q. s â—iâ—nt pil dos a Ê’i ad Ê’iss In this case Sweating is also good And as to Chirurgery you may use this Unguâ—nt and Emplaster â„ž Sulphur Sandarach an â„¥ ss Euphorb â„¥ i. cum Cerae olei q. s fiat Vnguentum After anointing herewith apply this Emplaster â„ž Rad. Ireos Sal. Gem. an â„¥ i. Terebinth q. s Diachyl cum Gummi Apostolor an Ê’i misce fiat Emplastrum If these will not do Rogerius does advise us to make a double Seton so as that the Humour may slow out by degrees In old people very commonly the Larynx is so attenuated and the Muscles as it were so dried up and as it were discharged of their Fleshy Substances that it happens frequently in chewing that some part of the Aspera Arteria is seen to fall and this was verified by Osualdus Gabelchoverus de observationibus suis who writes of an old Gentleman that could not take down any liquor as Beer Wine or any liquid substance but a great part of his Aspera Arteria would slip yet he could take and eat his meat very well without any hindrance The same I knew of one Mr. Goodman a Minister here in Norfolk a man of about 40 years of age who could eat his meat very heartily without any lett or disturbance but when he hath had occasion to drink was forced to bend himself forward and by degrees let his liquor pass down very moderately lest a part of his Wind-pipe should slip out and so prove very troublesom to him I have been oft in his company when I have both seen him use this Method and also taken all care to prevent the falling down or relapse of his Aspera Arteria CHAP. XLVII Of Angina IT is called Angina from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is all one to Sâ—rangulo the which doth signifie every Affect both of the Jaws and Throat whereby Breathing is hindred or if you please it is that Affect of of the Throat the Larynx being overstraitned by some inward occasion so causing Suffocation It is a very acute Disease and is an Inflammation of the Fauces Of this there are two sorts one Legitimate the other Illegitimate To the one a Feaver is a continual companion but it hath nothing to do with the other There are three species of a true Squinancy one with Inflammation and not in the Fauces neither apparent in the Neck but in the Throat and this bringeth speedy danger of Suffocation A second accompanied with a manifest Phlegmon with no Tumour or Redness in the the Neck A third when the Neck seemeth to be inflamed with the Fauces having along with it Tumour Râ—â—ness Heat and Pain The inward Cause is Blood abounding and oft times peccant the which doth not alone raise this unless more vitiated by a sharp and four Lympha The outward Causes are evident Cold Fish-bones being received the wrong way cold Drinks and too much Repletion A Bastard Squinancy is made by a pituitous Distillation falling upon the Fauces and Muscles of the Neck exciting a Tumour without Redness Heat and Feaver Of these are â—â—de three Differencies by some Authorâ— and these they christen with three 〈◊〉 names as Cynanche Parasynanche 〈◊〉 che but these are but of small moment towards our encrease of Knowledge The Diagnostick Signs are when the Patient cannot move his Neck and breatheth with difficulty neither can he well swallow and finds a pain and heat in his Jaws That is accounted most dangerous which with the most speed doth threaten Suffocation and yet is neither perceived in the Cheeks neither doth it any ways appear in the Neck yet there is felt a vehement pain and the Spirits scarce seem to be drawn for oft times this Suffocation doth happen the first day There is no Squinancy with safety and the lesser the Tumour the greater the danger and Hippocrates lib. 4. Aphor. 34 35. saith if the Humour of the Angina be carried to the Lungs it maketh its exition before the seventh day otherwise the Patient grows in danger of Suffocation And if it hath made its efflux without leaving any evil symptom in this time the Flux being converted into Matter this is to be suppurated and not kept here for where it is not cleansed from hence the Patient doth very readily run or fall into a Consumption This Lympha and Bilis is to be tempered in the Bloud and to be very speedily revelled and derived and therefore are we first to breathe a Vein in the right Arm and this is as oft to be repeated as necessity may offer And if this will not do breathe a Vein under the Tongue but this is to be performed at the beginning then cool the body with Clysters or Purges and let your Patient have convenient Gargarisms prepared for him as â„ž fol. Rosar rub Balaust an pug 1. cort Granator â„¥ ss fol. Querc m. 1. Alumin ust ℈ i. coque ex aqua ferreata 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 adde syrup Diamor â„¥ iiij misce In the end you may order this discussive Gargarism â„ž rad Liquirit cort Granator an Ê’ij fl Balaust fol. Rosar rub an pug 1. Jujub no. 12 Ficuum no. iij. Passular Corinth Ê’iij coque in aqua Hord. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in his solve syrup cap. Vener Mel. Rosat an â„¥ iss misce This following also in the beginning is very proper â„ž fol. Ros rub Sambucin an M. j. coquantur in Cervisia tenniore q. s fine addendo
crooked Needle you are to make a Suture according to the length of the whole Dilatation in the dilated Vagina drawing a thick and strong Thred the inward Vessels of the Seed inwardly remaining safe and entire through the Coat is to be agglutinated without extraction or hurting of the Testicles then let the Patient be put to Bed and after this apply such things as are agglutinative then induce a Cicatrice and keep your Patient well trussed The fourth and last Method is performed the Emperical manner and this is with Extraction of the Testicle a way very useless and dangerous It is thus repeated by Paulus cap. 65. lib. 6. The Patient being placed with his Head downwards the Intestine being reduced part of the Abdomen being compressed by an Assistant and the Patient being bound make an oblique mark in his Groin after this make a deep Incision so that the Testicle may come forth with the Spermatick Vessels the which the Chirurgeon having in his hands let him separate all the Coats and draw forth the Testicle through the same Orifice all the other parts being taken aside with small Hooks let them be sown together or tied after this above the place tied take them off and with an hot cauterizing Iron being there instantly ready cauterize the mouths of the Vessels hereby hindering all Flux besides which you will find the parts sooner agglutinated the which being done they leave a long Thred remaining applying Digestions inwardly After this they make a Cavity in the Scrotum and there applying a Digestive they use Butter to which they adde Frankincense the Yolk of an Egge and a little Turpentine then they study the generation of Flesh with Basilicon Aureum Vnguentum de Betonica or the like and induce a Cicatrice with dried Lints and Unguents Diapompholigos Diapalma Desiccativum rubrum c. I shall conclude this Chapter with a History of Hildanus who writes of a Gentleman which for many years was troubled with an Intestinal Rupture distended by Wind having a great pain of his whole Belly continual Vomiting Watchings Restlesness adjoyned to it for whom this Clyster was first administred â„ž Rad. Alth. Malv cum toto fol. Violar Parietar fl Chamomel Melilot Sambuc an M. j. sem Fenugraec Lin. contus an â„¥ ss sem Anis Foenicnl Caru Cumin an â„¥ j. incidantur contundantur omnia postea indantur in sacculo ejus magnitudinis quâ totum Scrotum cooperiri possit the which being sown up boil it in twelve pounds of Water Take of this Decoction lbj in which dissolve of Electuar Diacatholic â„¥ j. Vitel. Ovor. n. ij Butyr recent ol commun an â„¥ iij. misce fiat Enema After the Bag being pressed out apply it to the Scrotum and this repeat very often by dipping it into the Decoction and so pressing it out and applying it warm Within half an hour after the Clyster was injected there was administred the same Decoction by which the Scrotum began to grow lax and the Patient being put into his Bed with his Head placcd supinely or downwards and his Feet upwards his Intestine was reduced and for keeping it in its place he applied to the Scrotum this following Restringent Bag â„ž Rosar rubr Absynth vulgar prunor sylvestr Caud equin fol. salv Mosc Quercin an Mss Cort. Querc â„¥ ij sem Foenicul Anis an â„¥ j. incidantur contundantur postea indantur in sacculo which is to be sowed up and boiled in red Wine and afterwards applied The day following he prescribed this Purge â„ž Rad. Foenicul Petroselin Gramin Polypod Querc an â„¥ ss herb Agrimon Veronic Cuscuth an M. ss sem Anis Foenicul an Ê’ij fol. Senn. mundat â„¥ ss coquantur ut colatura redeat ad â„¥ iiij in quibus solve Electuar Diacatharm Diaphaenic an Ê’iij aqu Cinamom Hordeat â„¥ ss misce After this was applied Emplastrum ad Herniam and a convenient Truss and by these Helps and Remedies he was perfectly cured CHAP. LVII Of Epiplocele or Hernia Omentalis THis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 so called by the Greeks from Epiploon or Omentum may happen in either side of the Scrotum and may not very easily be reduced This Rupture is occasioned by the Dilatation of the middle Coat onely not because of the Peritonaeum being rent by reason no great part of the Omentum descendeth it being annexed to the bottom of the Ventricle Colon and Spine This therefore is chiefly generated by the Coats Dilatation especially the Omentum being armed with Fat which gives a more easie cause to this Relaxation and Dilatation although not to its Ruption Signs of an Omental Rupture are these the Tumour is always the same unequal to touch soft and slippery in respect of its Fat it lieth more in the Os pubis than in the Scrotum and is small in Tumour Its Curative Scopes are two to reduce the Omentum inwards which is performed by the Hand and to hinder its exition and this is done by Pharmacy And because this Dilatation generally is occasioned by Moisture or the Fat relaxing this Rupture therefore Restrictives are the most proper Medicines in this place required and here take Aquapendens his Emplaster â„ž Alo. Malicor in vino austero elixat succ Hypocystid Thur. glutin fabror an partes aequales gluten passo incoquatur ad integram dissolutionem post teratur in mortario caeâ—era addautur As touching the rest this Cure dissereth not much from an Intestinal Rupture and therefore Trusses Caustick or Incision may upon occasion be used observing Celsus Rule lib. 7. cap. 25. If a small part of the Omentum descend this may properly be reposed but if a great part this is to be burnt or dealt with so that it falleth off yet this is not to be attempted very readily because this Rupture is seen very often beyond expectation cured I shall shut up this Discourse with two or three pleasant Histories very convenient for this purpose and matter Hollerius relates of a pious youug man who died Ileous from a Prolapsion of the Ileon with the Omentum into the Scrotum the which Body being diffected the Ileon was wholly found gangrenated by reason of Inflammation which was conceived to be by this Prolapsion Columbus lib. 15. Anatom writes he saw above a pound of Omentum in the Scrotum Jacobus Oetheus lib. Observat propr writes of a young Gentleman who having been troubled with an Inguinal Rupture and the Intestines oft times falling into the Scrotum he at length found somewhat else fall into it also it being no part of the Intestines but the Omentum which swelled the Scrotum at this rate and the Signs hereof were he had neither Cholical Pains nor Motions nor Fever nor Obstructions of the viscera That part of the Omentum which was lapsed by application of convenient Fomentations Emplasters and Ligature to the part affected they were well reposed the Patient soon felt ease and in process of time
these most properly ought to be opened being nearer related to the affected part where more good may be expected than from the Arm. Should these be stopped they breed a Consumption in the Lungs a Dropsie in the Liver by suffocating the Liver as it were in its native heat and if they flow immoderately the Blood being evacuated the Liver is cooled thereby is excited a Dropsie and a decay of the whole Body For this immoderate Flux take these ℞ pulv Alo. Thur. Balaust Sangu Dracon an ℥ ss misce cum albumine Ovi fiat Vnguentum Or this ℞ ol Rosar Cer. alb nov an ℥ j. Axung Porcin ℥ ij pulv Plumb alb ℥ iss liquefiant praedicta supra marmoream injiciantur tunc adde plumbum Or this ℞ Axung Porcin ol Lin. an ℥ ij succ Taps Barbat Cynogloss an ℥ ij coquantur ad succorum consumptionem postea adde Sacchar Saturn ℥ ss cum pulv sem Lin. q. s fiat Vnguentum Or this ℞ Tuth praeparat Coral rubr Plumb an ʒiij Lap. Calaminar Lithargyr aur an ℥ ss ol Rosar ℥ iss succ Taps Barbat ℥ iss misce fiat Vnguentum Or if Pain Heat or Acrimony be urgent you may use some ot these ℞ ol Rosar ℥ ij Ceruss ℥ ss Lithargyr aur ʒij Cer. nov ʒiij Opii ℈ ss vel ℈ j. misce fiat Vnguentum Or this ℞ Thur. Myrrh Croc. an ʒj Opii ℈ j. fiat Vnguentum cum ol Rosar Mucilag sem Psyl addendo vitellor Ovor. no. j. Or this ℞ ol Rosar Olivar Myrtin an ℥ ij succ Plantag Milii an ℥ ij Acet ℥ j. coquantur ad succorum consumptionem tunc adde Bol. Armen Sangu Dracon Thur. Chalyb praeparat pulv an ʒj Cer. flav q. s fiat Vnguentum Or this ℞ Vitellor Ovor. no. j. ol Rosar Violar an q. s fiat Vnguentum addendo Vnguent Rosat Popul an ʒiij misce Amatius Lusitanus Cura 3. Cent. 5. writeth of a man about 45 years of age who was formerly vexed with a Venereous Disease from whence came from him every moneth Blood through his Hemorrhoids as the Menstrues in Women elsewhere He had such a plentiful Evacuation of Blood the which when he failed of his accompanied time performing its duty by these Veins he vomited much Blood out of his mouth being of a yellowish red without Cough or Fever and for the preventing of which evil he comes to advise with Lusitanus who advised him to be chearful and to the parts he orders 4 Leeches to be applied the which extracted six Ounces of Bloud after this prescribed him a good Diet and cooling Syrups as Syrups of Endive Fumitory Woodsorrel and the like for some days together and taking a purging Potion of Manna Rhubarb with Diaphoenicon c. with this order the Blood followed its former course and the Patient grew well Oethius writes also of one who when his Flux was obstructed below he did every moneth spit Blood at the mouth as you may have it lib. Observat CHAP. LXVII Of an Aneurism THis is a soft Tumour yielding to the Touch made by Dilatation or Relaxation of an Artery Every Artery except those which are dispersed through the Brain have allowed them a double Coat the inward of which being either corroded or rent the outward may extend so much as to cause an Aneurism Aneurisms may be made by Anastomasis Diapedesis Ruption Erosion or Wound of the Arteries It happeneth in most parts of the Body but chiesly in the Throat It is a Swelling encreasing by degrees and hath the same colour with that of the Skin a continual Pulsation If it be small it easily yieldeth to the Touch. It is difficult in Cure If it be large and in the Axillaries or Inguens in which the Vessels are large here expect no cure Incision very oft times causeth such a Flux of Blood and Spirits that it both dischargeth Art and Life very speedily This too often happens by the imprudence of an ignorant Chirurgion by pricking of an Artery instead of a Vein and so occasioning this Pulsation Pain and Tumour Some allow inward Causes as Intension of the Spirits Contusions Concussions Obstructions these being accounted as the chief of the inward Causes Some also do adde Melancholy Blood to be a Cause hereof lodged in the Veins and Arteries but the most usual sign of its Causes is drawn from the ignorant Chirurgion who by pricking too deep does wound the inward Artery the which is not easily to be cured by reason of its Spermatick Substance and Motion and thus the Blood by degrees is percolated out of the Arteries and making a Cavity for it self formeth this Aneurism the Matter hereof being a Spirituous Blood made by Dilatation the outward Matter is made by Grumous Blood thus raised together It generally receives these two Methodical Scopes in its Cure viz. Pharmacy and Chirurgery and where the one takes not the other must be attempted The first are Repellers and Restringents and convenient Ligatures or Lead strictly bound over the part or such an Astringent as this may serve the turn as ℞ Pulv. Bol. Armen Terr sigillat an ℥ ij Pulv. Rosar rub Sang. Dracon an ʒij Gallar immatur nuc Cupress an ʒi misce cum Albumine Ovi parum Aceti Oleo Rosarum fiat Restrictivum Let this remain on for two or three days These are to be used in smal Aneurisms but in large Aneurisms not happening in the Head or in the Groins they are accounted Mortal according to Aetius lib. 15. cap. 10. Some Artists do tie up the Artery both above and below and then divide between these two Ligatures but this Operation is dangerous painful and troublesom and seldom bringeth any benefit But to preserve Life I would rather if it happen in a place where it may lawfully be performed and exercised have Amputation made and before you begin this be sure to purge the body with Cassia Manna and the like and order cooling Juleps Emulsions and Hordeate Decoctions and keep the Body open by Purging and Clysters Hildanus in his 44 Observat relateth of a young Gentleman who being troubled with the Itch upon which sending for a Barber to breathe a Vein for him he pricked the Artery instead of the Basilick Vein whence did arise an Aneurism For the ablating of which above a moneth was used variety of Medicines to little or no purpose the Tumour equalled the bigness of a Goose Egge it was pale and hard in which was so perfect a Pulsation that it elevated the Dressings and Rollers as they might with ease be perceived He could not extend his Arm his pain was not great but onely when he would extend it Seeing how desperate it was he was very unwilling to undertake its Cure but being perswaded by the Prayers Desires and Requests of the Patients Friends to take it in hand he used this Method a good Order of Diet being prescribed to the