puffed up with wind and wanting the solidness of vertue he soon passeth away and comes to nothing I have seen the wicked in great power and spreading himself like a green bay-tree yet he passed away and lo he was not yea I sought him but he could not be found Psal 37.35 CHAP. XXVIII Motives and Reasons for Humility 1. OUR station is very slippery and the heavy burthen of our corrupt nature doth perpetually weigh us down so that without Gods right hand uphold us we can neither stand nor yet walk firmly we are always in danger of falling If we have not fallen into grievous crimes 't is Gods gracious providence hath remov'd the occasions from us else we too well know by experience how weak we are in the neighbourhood or under the assaults of a temptation If any good thing be in us it is very small and imperfect and if the least detect can marr the best work who who then can say he hath ever done any thing altogether good and without any mixture of evil Who is there indeavours after perfection and is as careful of his Salvation as are the children of this world for pleasure and riches And are we not all conscious of many great sins of the pardon whereof we can hardly be certain because that depends upon our Repentance which still remains many ways imperfect Nay if we were sure of the pardon of what is past yet have we not reason to fear for the future lest we fall and perish 2. Whoever shall duly consider all this how little is our vertue and our assurance how great our danger and frailty will hardly pride or trust himself in any thing but will find much cause to tremble and trembling to acknowledge that he is nothing and of himself can do nothing As when the Sun goes away the Air immediately becomes dark so doth the Soul grow blind and impotent as soon as God withdraws his light and gracious assistance He that rightly understands this truth cannot but desire it may be known to others also and he that acknowledgeth from his heart that he deserves nothing but shame and confusion cannot refuse to bear contempt without opposing the known truth Truth and humility are inseparable and he therefore is always most humble that is best acquainted with the truth 3. It were an easie thing for a man to rise again after he is fallen if he would soon repair to the spiritual Physician and from him receive help and directions but whilst men are possest with a spirit of pride that they will not see their distemper or they fancy they can cure it themselves they remain for the most part where they fall and wallow in the mire till they die and that because they would not flee to God for succor and use those means which he hath appointed but they count the prescriptions of the Physician worse than the disease flattering themselves they should do well enough and by their own applications making the evil desperate For no man is more unhappy and sure to perish than he who being blind yet fancies he can clearly see because the conceiting he wants no mans assistance to guide him is like to fall into every ditch and into the great Precipice it self But let a man learn to know himself according to the old saying which was said to have come from Heaven Nosce teipsum know thy self for then he shall know that of himself he can do nothing but fall and perish but that in God is his strength and sufficiency Many lie down in their bondage and faint under the burthen of their sins because they will not be helpt and they will not by humble prayer seek to God for help and in him trust of whom the Apostle says I can do all things through Christ which strengthneth me Phil. 4.13 4. To yield and lose heart is despondency but true humility will raise us up and make us chearfully undertake and perform the most difficult duties confiding in his gracious help who for us became man that he might make us partakers of the Divine Nature As an Iron red hot burns by the fire that penetrates its substance and not of it self so a man becomes fervent and inflam'd not of his dull nature but by the fire of Divine Charity which God kindles in him as also when he is said to shine before men it is by vertue of that divine light of Truth and Wisdome which God sends in his heart Man of himself can do nothing he is but an instrument in Gods hand from whom he receives power to will and to do it is God that works all our works in us as the Scripture saith For if the Divine Love and Light and Wisdom depart from a man he presently becomes Dark Cold and Unactive useless as an Instrument without an Artist Man of himself being nothing and fit for nothing must dwell in the sense of his nothingness as in his Center for then he is most strong in God when he is most sensible of his own weakness CHAP. XXIX That the Humble man judgeth himself and not others with a Character of him 1. HUmility is a vertue which makes man vile his own eyes by the knowledge of himself attain'd by self-examination for when the book of Conscience is opened and our past sinful life search'd into the Soul must stand as criminal before her own Tribunal and there be by her self accused and condemn'd and happy they that thus judge themselves for they shall not be judg'd of the Lord. But woe to that Soul which soars high in lofty conceits and dwells much abroad in vain inquiries for then she remains unknown to her self unacquainted with her own misery and those her errors and failings she should watch over and amend Yet this is the case of many and a sad case it is to see wretched ignorant and vicious persons take no notice of their own follies but prie into others infirmities and observe their least miscarriages and this commonly is the imployment of the most loose and negligent they are the more busie to censure others that they do not reprove nor correct themselves But 't is not so with upright men that indeavour to know themselves for the greater proficients they are in that knowledge the more humble they are and concern'd for themselves perceiving their great distance from perfection and true holiness and finding so much work at home the less they mind others except where it is their duty 2. This is the true discipline of the Saints to exercise ther zeal against themselves and to bear patiently with the faults of others for he that cannot bear with the imperfections of others is himself the most imperfect As God in Nature produc'd all things out of nothing so in Grace he produceth all vertues out of a mans hearty perswasion of being nothing out of the sense of his own sinfulness That is true vertue that will bear with scorns contempt and injuries being
up to God thus at least he intended it but by our depravation and folly they became obstacles in our way to him they turn us from the path to life and happiness and as the Wiseman saith Wisd 14.11 The creatures of God become stumbling blocks to the souls of men and a snare to the feet of the unwise Of the unwise he saith such as will not take God for their guide such as turn their eyes from his glorious light to enjoy the shade and obscurity of creatures thereby falling in love with darkness and so becoming uncapable of ever abiding the divine saving light 2. Now if all creatures are created for this to be as helps and means whereby we may obtain our end then are we to take off our affections from them to place them upon the Creator who is the end we should aim at For the end should be lov'd and desir'd without end and without competitor in goodness being independent supreme and alone satisfactory whereas means have no farther goodness than as they help to obtain the end A Christian should therefore refer to God all his thoughts and words and actions and that not lazily or verbally only but with a strong affection and with a pure heart avoiding thereby the cheat men often put upon themselves in being deceiv'd with their own formalities and specious pretences when even in Religion and spiritual exercises they often seek and please themselves rather than God Upon this account the Scripture calls the way to life straight and narrow because depraved man refers all to himself and can hardly follow the pure and direct ways which God prescribes being naturally averse to an upright intention But when this aversion is once overcome by an assiduous diligence and delight in the law of God then divine commandments are not grievous the way to life is wide and the yoke of Christ is light and pleasant CHAP. XI That men trifling about things Eternal and being earnest about the World is the cause why so many attain not their main end 1. THat the number of fools is past number was rightly affirmed by the Wise man For indeed infinite multitudes of men trifle away their days so simply act so childishly or rather so much like mad men that their intolerable follies cannot be sufficiently deplor'd They set the flesh above the spirit they prefer time to Eternity and Earth to Heaven till the unhappy Comedy of their sinful lifâ— ends in a sadder Tragedy of death and they go down to Hell in a moment If a suit at law is to be determin'd or an estate gain'd or a place of honour obtain'd then they spare no cost nor labour no search no diligence no study but if Heaven is to be purchast and eternal life and glory made sure then no man stirs they are all asleep and unactive no regard no care is had of it 2. In things that touch and afflict the body as hunger and thirst heat and cold pains and infirmities our senses are quick and can never be deceiv'd and therefore with all our might and industry we presently occur to those evils and endeavour to remove them But if our soul suffers under the same or the like spiritual evils we are not sensible and we care no more than if that nobler part of us whereby we live and are rational and like to Angels had no being at all And this because the flesh hath got the upper hand and we value this sport uncertain life more than life eternal and we make it our first and sole employment to rescue that carcass from death for a few moments which certainly must soon become its prey 3. One cause of these preposterous doings is the gross and brutish ignorance or rather inconsideration of too too many who will neither know nor consider to what end man was created what it is he should seek and design in the whole course of his life and what way he should take that he may not miss of his great aim Jer. 12.11 The whole land is made desolate because no man lays it to heart i. e. because no man considers wisely Another cause of this mischief is the great number and power of those Enemies that perpetually assault us whose snares no man can possibly avoid without God breaks them and delivers him for we are continually besieg'd by a frail flesh a flattering world and legions of devils who seek to devour us 4. Lastly our folly and misery proceeds partly from our blindness the whole World being in darkness we want light to guide us and yet will not beg it of God and pray him devoutly he would lead us aright who alone is able and willing to do it and partly from our sloth and inconstancy for we are vertuous in wish and not in effect because we are lazy to work and when it comes to the practice we find difficulties and being soon tir'd and disheartned hastily give over before we have effected any thing All Christians no doubt would be glad to come at last to Christ but they have no heart to come after him they would be glad to enjoy him but care not to imitate him fain would they come to him but not follow him Men would obtain riches without labour and Crowns without fighting they like well of rewards but they would take no pains GHAP. XII How men suffer themselves to be deceiv'd by a fair out-side and false appearance of good 1. THis World's felicity put all together with all those things that are most esteem'd by the generality of mankind the whole is but like a coarse picture which seems to have something pleasing and inviting when you look upon 't with a false light or in a place somewhat obscure or with a small blind candle such as is the dim and deceitful light of present time but if you bring forth the picture and view it before that glorious sun that shines for ever the radiant brightness of Eternity there it will appear deform and unfinish'd a dark and imperfect shadow which represents nothing a confused heap of strokes and lines drawn without order or design For though the light of the Gospel enlightens the World yet it remains in darkness men will not see the glorious discoveries which the Gospel makes The light shined in the darkness but the darkness comprehended it not 3. Yet that light it is and none else that clearly shews the great difference betwixt good and evil btwixt vile and precious betwixt truth and appearances how we may know and chuse the one from the other By this blessed light of Christianity which dwells in the heart and instructs it and abides for ever by it we are taught not to cleave to the creatures because of their attractive beauty but so to consider their perfections as to be by them led to the fountain whence they proceed to the love and admiration of the glorious maker of all things And the same divine light it is makes me see
without Works is dead and except our conversation be suitable to our Profession the most glorious Names and Titles shall avail nothing Life and manners as well as Faith make a difference betwixt a Heathen and a Believer by Works the distinction is made betwixt the true Religion and the false For what manner of Faith is theirs who so believe in God that they despise and reject his Commands are they not like the Devil who believes and trembles or rather it were to be wisht that they were no worse for his Faith begets an awe and terror but these boast of Faith and yet do not so much as fear God CHAP. III. That original sin is the spring whence all evil proceeds 1. NOW of the cause of all this wickedness none can be ignorant that hath but heard of the transgression of our first Parents For by their fall original Righteousness being lost human nature utterly depraved and shut up under condemnation their off-spring fell into evils of all sorts so great and so many that they can be neither exprest nor numbred Hence that deep and dreadful ignorance which like a black cloud darkens the mind and lies upon it hence that brutish and untamable Lust which like a heavy weight sinks the soul to the ground and there keeps it fast hence that aversion from God and conversion to things perishing hence those anxious cares and foolish joys those dissensions quarrels and enmities those perverse Heresies greedy Sacrileges and unsatiable Lusts and hence the Eternal ruin and damnation of all Mankind For this was the just vengeance of Man's impious Disobedience and Rebellion that God should forsake him who by Pride lift up himself against God that he that would not when he could make a good use of his free will should be depriv'd of it and become uncapable of doing what was infinitely his duty and his interest to perform except he be prevented and assisted by the divine grace and mercy 2. Thus Man left to himself in the state of Nature is by self-love drawn to himself seeks himself onely and in his wretched self alone sets his rest and his satisfaction This is a sad truth and 't is much to be wisht all Christians did well consider and understand it for if they were sensible of their weakness and impotency how uncapable they are of themselves to do any good then 't is like they would daily by fervent prayer beg his gracious help that works in us to will and to do from whom comes all our light our strength and our sufficiency But alas too many in a deep death-like sleep rest in carnal security and unhappily abused by vain delusions love their blindness and their disease too dreaming that they are safe and sound because they have no sense of their distemper CHAP. IV. Of the occasion and drift of this Book 1. WHilest I often thought of these things and in the bitterness of my Soul call'd to mind the lost years of my life I was griev'd and perplext both upon the account of the time which is past and of that which shall follow hereafter Looking backward on those days which are gone and examining seriously how I have spent them I was seiz'd upon with horror at the sight of my many soul prevarications against the laws of my gracious God and my great unfaithulness to Christ my Saviour in the breach of those sacred vows I made when I gave up my name to him in holy Baptism I was asham'd and confounded to have thus requited my God and abused his Grace And when I turn'd my self to the future to those things that are coming upon me I could not but dread the dreadful judgments of my offended God and tremble exceedingly at the greatness of my danger and the uncertainty of that pardon I want and am so much unworthy of In these straights I resolved by God's help first to help my self and then others that are in the same case to prescribe what might easily be had and yet be effectual things ready at hand which being often read and considered might be remembred and follow'd that they that seriously design to be happy and to take the safest way that leads to Heaven might find it here without the trouble of a long and laborious search 2. Now because Physicians have their Aphorisms and Philosophers their Axioms or sentences and in all inquiries after truth we must begin at certain principles which are short and comprehensive and as it were the seed and marrow of the whole discipline therefore I purpose in this little book to lay down briefly and clearly those chiefest Rules and instructions for to lead a holy and a religious life which more at large are scattered in the sacred books of Divine Scripture and in the works of the Holy Fathers and other good Authors For when all is done this is our first and our greatest concern that one necessary thing on which all depends to know how to live well to live like Christians For what shall a man be profited if he shall gain the whole world and lose his own soul and what shall a man give in exchange for his soul Mat. 16.26 Nothing more perverse and unreasonable can be imagined than to own our selves Christ's disciples and live quite contrary to the example and the precepts of Christ The name of a Christian will avail nothing where the life is Antichristian CHAP. V. The Cause why so many learn the Rules of Christianity and follow them not 1. MAny without difficulty can read and learn the Gospel-precepts and even often think of them but 't is much to be lamented that few understand well their force and their full importance We easily grant that the only way to heaven lies through self-denyal fasting watching and praying keeping under the body and going patiently through many tribulations but when it comes to the proof of action we seem to be of another mind We can readily say and affirm that it is a Christian's duty chearfully to endure reproaches and persecutions torments and even death it self but when these evils are at hand and our life comes to be in danger then things appear not as they did before we cannot see that we are oblig'd to resignation and sufferance what before was a very clear case is now at the best but very doubtful We can be humble when no body reviles us and when wee meet with no vexation then we are patient We assent to the doctrine of Christ and his severest injunctions when we are not concern'd but when they come to regard us and press upon us a present duty then the inticements of lust and worldly vanities alter our resolutions and disturb our minds and by a corrupt gloss or lazy interpretation we elude the unpleasing precept 2. Truth is as it were wrapt up in a cloud and men hate it because it reproves them their sinful depraved nature cannot abide its rigour and austerity They find in virtue something
they walk and covers their misery and danger so that they neither see nor fear the dreadful tribunal of that just Judge who will condemn all Apostates that turn from the right way They walk saith the Apostle in the vanity of their mind having the understanding darkned being alienated from the life of God through the ignorance that is in them because of the blindness of their heart being past feeling they have given themselves over to lasciviousness to work all uncleanness with greediness Ephes 4.17 They count their life a market for gain and say we must be getting every way though it be by evil means Wisd 15.12 And then it often happens by a just judgment that their faith comes to be as debaucht as their life that having long said it by their wicked deeds they at last say it in their heart that there is no God 3. I have already and cannot too often note the cause of this evil that is Adam who by his sin not only lost the uprightness of his will but also the true light of his understanding so that in him who was the stock and root whence all men grow we were depriv'd of both And now this corruption of the will inclines man to self-love vain glory and an imperious pride to covetousness sloth sensuality and looseness And in the darkness of the understanding exposeth him to ignorance and false apprehension of things to doubts errors and lies and makes him have an aversion to good and serious thoughts Thus man is become earthly weak and distemperd unable to resist the sinful motions of his own heart and unable to know or to attain true felicity but rather as it is written His ways are always grievous and God's judgments are far above out of his sight Psal 10.5 And he now being alienated from God to whom all things should be refer'd is also a stranger to virtue which consists in the intention in being design'd to please God rather than in the act But that Soul which by the Grace of our Blessed Jesus is redeem'd from this power of Satan and slavery to sin is also enabled to cleave stedfastly to God in whom it enjoys Peace and joy and full satisfaction all that can make him intirely happy for he is unreasonable and too unsatiable to whom God is not sufficient CHAP. XVI Another reason why so many miss of their end their living too much by sense 1. WHereas reason it self teaches and all men freely confess that things to come should be prefer'd to things present heavenly things to things earthly and things eternal to things that last but for a short time 't is hard to conceive why so many who believe and acknowledge this yet by their actions strongly deny it In worldly matters and such as concern this present life they are very active very wise and very laborious in others they seem to have neither sense nor reason If you speak to them of God of Holy-Living and Life Eternal they understand you not or they presently forget what you said Things material and perishing are sensible and therefore more regarded and set by though oftentimes experience will force them to know that all human concerns are flitting uncertain and very deceitful yet men follow sense and they soon return to embrace those things which custom and a familiar converse hath made dear to them 2. The fall as I said of our first Parents is the head-spring whence all this mischief flows from it proceed all temptations as also the darkness and inconstancy of our minds but the more immediate cause of it which I now consider is the imbecillity depravation and weakness of the faculties of our souls which have no right apprehension of the things of God and but an imperfect confused notion of the amazing concerns of Eternity The loveliness of virtue and the great deformity of sin the terrors of death and the dread of God's righteous judgments the joys of Saints above and the grievous torments of the wicked in hell these are but words which we hear we have dark and narrow conceptions of them we understand not of how great an importance they are and therefore we are not so affected with them as to be made wise unto salvation Of things offer'd to our consideration we only mind that least outward part which falls under the reach of sense but we attend not to that which is less sensible though more considerable and apt effectually to work upon the mind Thus in sin we look most of all to what 's temporal we are more concern'd for the impairing of our same and the diminution of our worth or self-complacency than for having offended God and made our selves obnoxious to an infinite pain Likewise in a dying man we most observe what is in view outward symptomes and accidents little regarding the more essential adjuncts which concern the soul and are of far greater moment And we conceive of the last judgment and the unquenchable flames of Hell which are imperceptible to sense as of things which are nothing to us and which we have no interest to mind 3. The same deception also extends it self to things present which gratifie our appetite we take notice only of that outside which pleaseth us and so deplorable is our sottish mistake that we count our selves very happy to enjoy that for a moment which must make us eternally miserable Every man knows his Soul is immortal and many Philosophers have writ great things upon that subject but where are they that are solicitous for its well-being after death Do not most men neglect their soul and live as if it were to die with the body The mischief is that generally men live neither by faith nor by reason they follow blindfold and brutishly just as sense leads them avoiding carefully what is now troublesom to the flesh as if nothing else were to be done here and nothing else fear'd hereafter CHAP. XVII That we being the Children of God ought to be guided by his Spirit and by the example of Christ 1. IF a man should rightly understand and seriously consider that God by a gracious adoption owns him for his son that he is redeem'd by the Bloud of Christ and born again by Holy Baptism into the hope of Eternal Life he would doubtless esteem it his noblest title and his greatest honour he would despise all earthly advantages and mind and value nothing but what is Divine and Eternal and passionately desiring to come to his Father he would do nothing unworthy of him As he that acts the King on the stage though it be but a vain shew to delight vainer people yet is careful to do and to speak nothing but what befits a King so and much more careful should a Christian be to do nothing unworthy of that honourable name which makes him a brother and disciple of Jesus and an heir of his Heavenly Kingdom And as a picture-drawer when he is upon a great design fixes his
the cause why so many are not so perfect and holy as their Christian faith requires and would enable them to be that they are not sincere but want truth in the inward parts The false opinions of the World are of greater power with them than the precepts and the examples of Christ and those moral virtues which nature it self recommends are commonly made sin or subservient to it by the depraved judgments and customs of men We therefore that live in a crooked and perverse generation among corrupt and deceived persons ought seriously and often to make this inquiry whether we our selves do know the right way and whether we truly follow it Now that way which is the way of truth is one and altogether unchangeable and they that will keep it without change must not look to the World but up to Heaven must not follow the example of men but must directly follow God who alone is the way the truth and the life CHAP. XXV That a hearty affection is the life of good actions 1. WE must have a special care that the sensitive part of us have not the principal concern in our good works and that we be not led by sense in our actions for sense is the great deceiver the fountain of error therefore 't is said that the mortification of sense is the life of truth And hence it is that we cannot be confident ever to have done any thing perfectly good and without defect because that we bear a part in our best works and as far as they proceed from us they are stain'd with imperfection although they be done upon Gods account and by the impulse and assistance of divine Grace Thus it was said to the Angel or Bishop of Sardis Rev. 3.2 I have not found thy works perfect before God and thus it might be said to any other For our Prayers Fastings and Alms and such like good works though they may appear complete before men who see nothing but the outside yet before God who searcheth the heart they are defective and cannot be acceptable in the least except they be done with a pure and sincere intention to please him 2. Of ten Virgins mentioned in the Gospel five foolish were excluded from the wedding not but that they were Virgins and had lamps that is works but because they wanted the oil of good intentions and holy affections This may well be the case of every one of us our works will be dead before God and unpleasing to him except we breath life into them by our inward sanctified spirit and fervent love to God In outward acts and appearance all Christians are almost alike but as the hand of a watch is mov'd by the hidden springs and as the colour of the face depends on the secret constitution of the body so the good are distinguisht from the bad by their inward spirit or the hidden man of the heart for the Kingdom of God is within us CHAP. XXVI Whence the goodness of our works proceeds 1. AS many that eat much yet are feeble and infirm and lean because they overcharge their stomach so that their nourishment is not well concocted and as many that eat very moderately yet because they digest well are strong and healthy and long-liv'd So likewise some Christians there are that do many good things and yet themselves become little better because they go not the right way to work They think that by doing much they must become great proficients though they do it remisly and incuriously whereas to do our duty every day with greater fervency and exactness is the right way to perfection a few things well done profit more than heaps of works done negligently 2. For so there are others that compared to these first do but little and yet increase much in the love of God because they endeavour always to work with greater affection and a more upright intention so that at the end of every good action they may in some manner use that expression of Christ on the Cross Joh. 19.30 It is finished I have in this as far as was possible done what God required of me as perfectly as my infirmity would allow and his free grace enabled me who gives us to will and to do and without whom we can do nothing They so spend each day that at night they can say It is finished and they so spend their whole life that when 't is ended they can say with an holy and humble confidence I have now perfected that work which God had appointed me to do He that lives so lives like a Christian and he shall not fear in the evil day CHAP. XXVII How useful and comfortable is the consideration of God being always present 1. NOthing will more prevail to make perfect our works as much as is possible than to consider that God is present every where and that from him and in him all things have their being power and motion This is the most pressing Argument why we should always act with the greatest circumspection that God sees the things that are in secret and we can never be hid from his eyes that in him we live and move and have our being and that he never forsakes us till we forsake him to turn our affections upon the creatures For this is the unhappy effect of our original corruption that our senses are so affected and pleased with material things present that our mind is drawn from the contemplation of Gods presence and things as yet invisible whereas if the love of this world did not bear too great a sway in our heart we could see God in every place holy affections would always see him who is the Author of all holiness according to the saying of our Blessed Saviour Mat. 5.8 Blessed are the pure in heart for they shall see God 2. For indeed 't is not to be exprest how sweet and comfortable is the goodness of God which he hath laid up for them that fear him but laid up it is none have a sense of it but they that love God they alone taste and see how gracious the Lord is For 't is not enough to have a treasure we must know we have it before we can be rich and we must know the use and the worth of it Now such a treasure we have within us as is of an inestimable infinite value and yet we seem not to know it for we run after motes and shadows and catch at painted drops that cannot quench our thirst as the Psalmist saith O ye sons of men how long will ye love vanities and seek after lies Thus we are cheated and understand not our own happiness for God is present to us every moment and we could always enjoy him we are rich and we know it not 3. We could if we would anticipate the joys of Heaven we could now have a taste of the felicity of beatified Saints but that we indulge Sense to the prejudice of the Soul we
audible voices to the ears The pleasure which those senses receive from a beautiful sight or a sweet harmony may be called their life and their death or mortification in proportion to this is their being deprived of those objects whereon they act with delight which deprivation is very useful if not altogether requisite to arrive to a state of vertue and sanctification For nothing is more destructive of a Christian Life than a life of sense the imagination being as it were in the middle betwixt the soul and the senses when these work upon her as they are moved by outward objects she likewise works upon the soul and draws it to assent to the voluptuousness of lower faculties and this is not to be avoided without we bar our senses by a strict restraint from those things which affect them with sinful delights 3. In this consists the death of sense which is to be considered as twofold the first Natural when there is such a real separation betwixt sense and its object that they cannot possibly meet The second Moral when sense perceives but enjoys not its object being restrain'd from the pleasure of it The first some judge to be less difficult and more safe it being easier to avoid all occasions of sinful pleasure than to keep a due moderation when we ingage in them but in this discretion and due measures are to be observ'd The second is accordingly thought to be more dangerous because sensual pleasures are very inticing and insinuating and are known by sad experience to have a great prevalency over the Soul and nobler affections 4. And then farther it is to be consider'd that we suckt the poyson of voluptuousness together with our milk from our very infancy we learn'd to indulge sense and though we have often experimented that its delights and satisfactions are short and vain and unsatisfying and withal pernicious and highly afflictive to the Soul yet still we have the same notions of them they stick close to our mind and those pleasing though false apprehensions which first entred our hearts will not be rectified nor be gone till we have a long time used serious reflections and considerations till by many acts of self-denyal and contrary virtue we have imprinted in our minds the true principles of Christianity God is a Spirit and a spiritual life is the way to him to chastize and restrain the fancy to keep under the body and be guided by divine precepts is the way to spiritualize our selves and to come to God CHAP. VII Of denying our Sensual appetites especially Intemperance 1. IT is no difficult matter for a man who truly loves and fears God and studies to please him to despise and forsake all worldly pleasures pomps and vanities but to abstain from all food is not to be done for by it our bodies are rescued from death and the necessity of it returns upon us daily But because there is something of delight in the satisfying of this need there is danger also lest luxury mingle with it and pleasure which may follow after be the leading cause to our refection therefore though we cannot wholly forbear eating and drinking yet we must take great heed of the voluptuousness of it that necessity be not the pretence and pleasure the design of eating Nature is satisfied with a little but greediness or daintiness are always craving and sometimes we know not whether want or wantonness call for food and we are glad and willing to mistake that we may have an occasion to gratifie the unruly appetite In these we must daily watch our selves because these temptations do daily return and we must diet our selves with such moderation that we may nourish our bodies and not feed our lusts Plain abstemious and frugal food is the health of Soul and Body and he that pampers not his flesh by the quality or quantity of his meat and drink may easily master all carnal desires 2. To seek after feasts and dainties and to make them the matter of our discourse and our meditation is the part of an Epicure of one whose God is his belly and who minds earthly things but a Christian should be indeed and also live as a penitent pressing necessity should bring him to his table and thither he should come as if bread and water were his onely allowance that whatever is superadded may relish better and he may be more content and thankful and also moderate This we might easily do if we would duly consider how abstemious primitive Christians were how much our blessed Lord fasted and how for us he tasted vinegar and gall This if we would often call to mind and seriously set our selves to the imitation of their Blessed examples our conversation would be in Heaven and our thoughts would be far enough from dwelling in caves and kitchins As for the other fleshly lusts which also war against the Soul all occasions to them are to be avoided and idleness also a strict watch over our senses must be kept the rules of a severe modesty must be observed and especially we must shun all frequent and familiar converse with the other Sex for this without our knowledge and against our will kindles a dangerous and secret fire And lastly we must take great heed that we be not confident of our selves for in such a slippery way he is in some manner already fallen that fears not to fall CHAP. VIII Of Talkativeness and Silence 1. THE Evils of the tongue are past number therefore saith the wise man Prov. 10.19 In the multitude of words there wanteth not sin but he that restraineth his lips is wise Indeed talkativeness is a fountain and a torrent of iniquity It is a mark of ignorance it betrays much folly and is a great enemy to serious thoughts and recollection Mens words for the most part proceed from something of Pride for they commonly speak to teach others and to shew their own wisdom and great parts Every one thinks he knows much and to make it appear and be thought somebody he commonly outs with more than he knows As bad air drawn in doth in time affect infect the body so doth the breath of many words much prejudice the Soul It dissolves the spirit and breeds quarrels and contentions and utters lies and detractions and brings forth loose unseemly jesting and jeering and evils of all sorts In vain doth he indeavour to be devout and to have peace within who doth not refrain his tongue and set a watch before his lips In vain doth he endeavour to amend himself that censures and speaks ill of others This is a snare wherein many are caught to be indulgent to themselves and severe to others to boast and magnifie what is theirs and slight as much what relates to others Few there are that wholly renounce to this vice few that lead so uncorrupt a life as not willingly to tax others corruptions The propensity to this sin is so great that many counted good Christians
last will turn them into joy 2. Let us therefore look upon afflictions as very necessary and useful to us and let us receive them as pledges of Gods love and assurances of his care for us according as St. James exhorts Jam. 1.2 My Brethren count it all joy when you fall into divers Temptations knowing this that the tryal of your Faith worketh Patience but let Patience have her perfect work that ye may be perfect and intire wanting nothing Reproaches slanders persecutions and all other evils we suffer in this world are to be lov'd by pious men and to be counted good for though they be afflictive to flesh and bloud yet they proceed from the divine pleasure they come to us from God and as our Blessed Saviour told his unjust Judge John 19.11 They could have no power at all against us if it were not given them from above So that in all events we may meekly submit and rest satisfied considering this power from above And if we do not thus consider and receive our sorrows if we view them by themselves and not in their first cause that wise God who is the contriver of them and the fountain of all goodness then our minds will be afflicted with a thousand grievous fancies of things past present or to come which yet never were or shall be and we shall be sleepless and restless full of anguish and fears and distractions Whereas if we used our selves to refer all things to God and did look up to him in our Tribulations we should find rest and tranquillity his gracious will and appointment would answer and silence all our objections and whatever hapned we could quietly say with patient Job Shall we receive good at the hand of God and shall we not receive evil the Lord gave and the Lord hath taken away blessed be the name of the Lord. That God who will have me to be afflicted is gracious and compassionate and hath a tender care of me He hath laid this cross upon me which I resolve to bear till he himself is pleased to take it off CHAP. XXII That Detractions and Derisions must be indur'd and derided 1. IF we grieve more for the Evil men speak against us than for the Evil we our selves commit against God then 't is a plain demonstration self-love prevails in us above the love of God He infinitely perfect and holy bears patiently with innumerable blasphemies and provocations and all the while bestows many blessings upon the offenders And we wretched sinful creatures who can hardly hear worse than we deserve a disobliging word or the least mention of our faults puts us into a fit of anger and fury though we infinitely deserve it we will not bear with reproof or contempt Whereas indeed we should rather fear the undeserved praise of men lest the prosperity and honour of the world cut off our communion and fellowship with the Cross of Christ Should the pains which our sins deserve and the Torments Christ suffered for them be laid in one scale and in the other the evils and injuries we suffer these would have no weight and be nothing compar'd to the other And farther if it be consider'd that the injuries we receive are made grievous according to our own apprehensions and not according to the intention of our enemies the disproportion betwixt our sufferings and deserts will appear yet greater For he cannot be injur'd that slights injuries and he is not wounded that will not by his impatience tear open his wounds The soft flesh not the angry hand that flings the dart is the cause of the hurt Should a mans body be hard as a rock arrows thrown against it could never enter and 't is from the softness and frailty of our minds that reviling words and affronts have power to make impression 2. Blessed is he that so orders his life that malice it self cannot fasten a calumniation upon him and next to him blessed is he that indeavours to be innocent and to have a good conscience in all things otherwise he is a peevish fool that will not hear what he delights to do But if it so happen that notwithstanding our Christian prudence and our perseverance in well doing men will speak ill of us then this is our comfort that we suffer with Christ undeservedly and we must remember his saying Mat. 5.11 Blessed are ye when men shall revile you and shall say all manner of evil against you falsly Let men think and say what they will we are happy if our conscience doth not accuse us before God Mens opinions and their judgments are false and inconstant and vain and can make us neither better nor worse and therefore St. Paul saith that if we seek to please men we cannot be the servants of Christ Gal. 1.10 For it is impossible for one to please all mens thoughts differ as their inclinations and what some admire others will censure When a Philosopher was told that others laugh'd at him he answer'd At ego non derideor that others might laugh but he was not laugh'd at for it neither did hurt nor afflict him Meaning that those injuries are nothing for which we our selves will not be concern'd CHAP. XXIII Remedies against Discontent and Anger for what abuses we receive 1. IT would be much to the purpose of comfort and patience in all our adversities to fix our minds stedfastly upon God and take it off of our trouble which we increase by reflecting on it for whilst we affect our selves with pitty at the consideration of what we suffer we soften our spirits and the sense of our misery makes the deeper impression upon them Now all our afflictions proceeding from a present or a feared loss the best and most universal remedy against them would be to set our affections upon that supreme increated Good which is subject to no change and can never be taken away from them that love it And that we may also observe an outward Decorum and not disgrace our selves by giving way to impotent passions we must refrain and quite hold in our tongue as soon as we find our selves provoked by any word or deed for as it is a symptom of a weak stomach not to be able to digest harder meat so 't is a certain sign of a poor and weakly spirit not to have strength enough to bear with a cross word or a cross accident and it was the saying of a Wise and Religious man that he never found any thing so grievous but by silence he did overcome it For whatever others do to vex us comes to nothing if we slight it and if we shew our selves much concern'd we betray our weakness or our guilt and we make it appear that we well deserve the abuse 2. But 't will not be enough thus to repress our grief and our talkativeness we must farther reprove and humble our selves with the consideration of our sinfulness and unworthiness acknowledging we deserve more contempt than can be