so_o much_o their_o own_o advantage_n the_o soldier_n of_o this_o company_n and_o officer_n be_v swear_v not_o only_o to_o the_o curatour_n but_o also_o to_o the_o state_n general_n and_o to_o the_o general_n of_o the_o army_n because_o it_o be_v not_o safe_a that_o private_a man_n shall_v have_v a_o army_n at_o their_o command_n these_o two_o company_n have_v the_o privilege_n of_o trading_n alone_o into_o both_o the_o indies_n not_o for_o ever_o but_o for_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o year_n more_o or_o less_o and_o it_o be_v wise_o order_v so_o for_o two_o reason_n first_o because_o it_o may_v be_v the_o necessity_n of_o affair_n may_v have_v be_v such_o as_o to_o have_v oblige_v the_o state_n to_o make_v peace_n or_o truce_n with_o the_o spaniard_n which_o it_o may_v be_v will_v not_o have_v be_v obtain_v without_o relinquish_a the_o trade_n to_o the_o indies_n which_o they_o can_v not_o do_v have_v they_o grant_v a_o perpetual_a privilege_n to_o these_o company_n second_o that_o whensoever_o they_o demand_v the_o renew_n of_o their_o privilege_n the_o commonwealth_n may_v take_v occasion_n to_o demand_v a_o round_a sum_n of_o money_n in_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o favour_n they_o receive_v in_o a_o word_n these_o two_o company_n be_v so_o well_o establish_v as_o to_o be_v upon_o all_o occasion_n a_o very_a great_a prop_n to_o the_o state_n for_o they_o be_v a_o nursery_n of_o soldier_n and_o seaman_n out_o of_o which_o in_o time_n of_o war_n the_o state_n may_v upon_o a_o sudden_a be_v provide_v with_o ship_n arm_n and_o some_o thousand_o of_o man_n and_o by_o which_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n many_o thousand_o get_v a_o very_a handsome_a livelihood_n chap._n xxii_o what_o judgement_n may_v be_v make_v of_o the_o last_a or_o decay_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n cardinal_n bentivoglio_n who_o be_v for_o some_o time_n the_o pope_n nuncio_n in_o the_o low-countries_n have_v write_v the_o history_n of_o their_o war_n and_o in_o his_o book_n have_v give_v i_o occasion_n of_o add_v here_o this_o chapter_n for_o he_o have_v propound_v the_o same_o question_n and_o after_o he_o have_v bring_v some_o reason_n which_o seem_v to_o conclude_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o perpetuity_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n he_o do_v produce_v some_o other_o to_o show_v that_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n be_v more_o likely_a it_o be_v certain_o a_o great_a vanity_n to_o go_v about_o to_o dispute_v about_o future_n yet_o the_o form_n and_o government_n and_o present_a felicity_n of_o a_o state_n may_v give_v we_o leave_v to_o give_v a_o guess_n at_o its_o future_a happiness_n and_o first_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o sound_n of_o this_o state_n we_o can_v think_v that_o it_o will_v ever_o be_v dissolve_v for_o that_o be_v the_o recover_n of_o lose_a liberty_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o they_o when_o recover_v two_o thing_n mighty_o prize_v by_o all_o mankind_n but_o particular_o by_o the_o northern_a nation_n of_o the_o world_n beside_o not_o only_o by_o this_o the_o liberty_n of_o all_o its_o subject_n be_v secure_v but_o none_o of_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n can_v stand_v in_o fear_n of_o lose_v they_o by_o the_o increase_n of_o this_o so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v no_o body_n interest_n to_o procure_v a_o change_n for_o the_o people_n can_v be_v more_o easy_a than_o they_o be_v already_o add_v to_o this_o the_o mutual_a aversion_n between_o the_o spaniard_n and_o the_o hollander_n that_o it_o be_v natural_a to_o fear_v and_o not_o to_o trust_v those_o that_o we_o have_v offend_v beside_o let_v any_o body_n cast_v back_o their_o eye_n upon_o the_o first_o change_n and_o they_o shall_v find_v it_o such_o as_o no_o body_n be_v offend_v at_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o when_o in_o government_n man_n pass_v from_o one_o extremity_n to_o the_o other_o there_o be_v many_o who_o a_o desire_n of_o the_o first_o government_n do_v solicit_v and_o possess_v but_o here_o it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o except_v the_o change_n that_o be_v make_v of_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n for_o the_o state_n general_n there_o be_v no_o change_n make_v in_o the_o law_n constitution_n and_o custom_n of_o these_o province_n since_o therefore_o that_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o magistrate_n and_o all_o other_o privilege_n do_v remain_v it_o be_v easy_o agree_v that_o the_o change_n be_v scarce_o sensible_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o upon_o this_o we_o may_v found_v this_o maxim_n that_o those_o state_n that_o have_v suffer_v least_o in_o their_o change_n be_v like_a to_o last_v long_a the_o inequality_n of_o strength_n and_o riches_n in_o these_o province_n be_v one_o of_o the_o tie_n of_o their_o perpetuity_n though_o ordinary_o it_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o rupture_n and_o fall_n out_o in_o these_o case_n if_o we_o consider_v the_o riches_n of_o these_o province_n and_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o acquire_v they_o we_o may_v certain_o conclude_v that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v want_v to_o themselves_o in_o their_o government_n beside_o without_o doubt_n as_o long_o as_o the_o spaniard_n power_n shall_v give_v occasion_n of_o jealousy_n to_o europe_n england_n and_o france_n will_v never_o forsake_v the_o protection_n of_o holland_n if_o we_o consider_v also_o the_o example_n of_o some_o commonwealth_n of_o our_o time_n as_o of_o the_o swisser_n who_o do_v not_o only_o maintain_v themselves_o free_a from_o neighbour_a prince_n by_o the_o natural_a situation_n of_o their_o country_n but_o be_v a_o terror_n to_o many_o of_o they_o these_o be_v our_o reason_n but_o cardinal_n bentivoglio_n bring_v some_o against_o they_o as_o follow_v liberty_n beget_v licence_n that_o beget_v inequality_n inequality_n beget_v monarchy_n so_o the_o roman_n have_v drive_v out_o king_n give_v themselves_o up_o to_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o their_o liberty_n after_o that_o they_o fall_v out_o by_o the_o inequality_n of_o charge_n and_o honour_n and_o at_o last_o fall_v under_o the_o domination_n of_o emperor_n to_o this_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a that_o this_o example_n be_v allege_v because_o the_o change_n proceed_v from_o the_o oversight_n in_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o roman_a government_n in_o which_o it_o be_v not_o provide_v against_o inequality_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o with_o the_o hollander_n as_o for_o what_o he_o say_v that_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o governor_n general_n be_v too_o great_a we_o do_v confess_v it_o yet_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o state_n be_v above_o it_o for_o in_o he_o lie_v only_a persuasion_n in_o they_o the_o power_n of_o command_v if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o war_n be_v here_o incredible_a and_o excessive_a and_o that_o the_o treasury_n must_v needs_o be_v exhaust_v i_o shall_v answer_v that_o our_o enemy_n be_v not_o in_o a_o better_a condition_n but_o there_o be_v this_o difference_n between_o we_o that_o our_o enemy_n grow_v beggar_n and_o we_o grow_v rich_a under_o this_o oppression_n if_o it_o be_v further_o urge_v that_o one_o province_n holland_n be_v much_o superior_a to_o the_o other_o in_o strength_n and_o riches_n and_o so_o may_v usurp_v the_o domination_n over_o the_o rest_n i_o shall_v answer_v that_o in_o this_o inequality_n of_o power_n all_o the_o province_n be_v equal_a in_o authority_n and_o do_v not_o meddle_v with_o one_o another_o affair_n as_o for_o the_o diversity_n and_o plurality_n of_o religion_n it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o apple_n of_o discord_n that_o it_o be_v a_o tie_n of_o union_n and_o concord_n every_o one_o be_v please_v with_o the_o liberty_n he_o have_v to_o enjoy_v the_o freedom_n of_o his_o conscience_n chap._n xxiii_o a_o abridgement_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n by_o paul_n merle_n germany_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o noble_a part_n of_o europe_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n high_a and_o low_a it_o be_v not_o our_o design_n to_o say_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o high_a germany_n the_o low_a call_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o north_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o excellency_n be_v compose_v of_o seventeen_o province_n those_o of_o they_o that_o lie_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n rhin_n towards_o the_o north_n be_v use_v to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o lordship_n of_o the_o upper_a germany_n and_o the_o other_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o same_o river_n towards_o the_o east_n be_v ancient_o esteem_v dependence_n of_o gallia_n belgica_n each_o of_o they_o have_v be_v govern_v till_o within_o these_o few_o year_n by_o their_o particular_a prince_n and_o princess_n the_o province_n of_o brabant_n limbourg_n luxembourg_n and_o gueldres_n be_v govern_v by_o duke_n flanders_n artois_n hainaut_n zeeland_n holland_n namur_n and_o zutphen_n by_o earl_n antwerp_n which_o bear_v the_o title_n of_o the_o marquessship_n of_o the_o holy_a
religion_n john_n calvin_n likewise_o write_v against_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o his_o book_n meet_v with_o as_o favourable_a a_o reception_n in_o holland_n as_o lutheâ—s_n do_v in_o germany_n the_o emperor_n endeavour_v by_o strict_a edict_n to_o stop_v the_o course_n of_o this_o change_n and_o recommend_v to_o his_o son_n philip_n to_o do_v so_o likewise_o philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o earl_n of_o holland_n the_o thirty_o five_o in_o the_o year_n 1556._o philip_n take_v in_o hand_n the_o reins_o of_o government_n in_o the_o low-countries_n and_o make_v philibert_n duke_n of_o savoy_n a_o great_a and_o stout_a prince_n his_o lieutenant_n and_o governor_n in_o all_o the_o low-countries_n the_o truce_n that_o be_v between_o france_n and_o spain_n be_v break_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o succour_n which_o the_o french_a send_v the_o pope_n queen_n mary_n of_o england_n declare_v war_n likewise_o against_o the_o french_a at_o the_o instigation_n of_o her_o husband_n king_n philip._n the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n come_v into_o picardy_n and_o defeat_v entire_o the_o french_a army_n upon_o st._n laurence_n day_n with_o so_o great_a a_o slaughter_n of_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n that_o it_o astonish_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n paris_n itself_o be_v forsake_v by_o its_o inhabitant_n be_v in_o danger_n of_o be_v lose_v have_v the_o conqueror_n follow_v his_o victory_n but_o the_o duke_n of_o guise_n come_v out_o of_o italy_n soon_o recruit_v and_o set_v a_o new_a army_n on_o foot_n take_v caâ—ais_n in_o seven_o day_n time_n which_o have_v be_v so_o many_o hundred_o year_n in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o english_a fortune_n continue_v still_o averse_a to_o the_o french_a they_o receive_v another_o overthrow_n in_o flanders_n where_o the_o earl_n of_o egmont_n behave_v himself_o as_o noble_o as_o he_o have_v do_v in_o the_o first_o battle_n of_o st._n laurence_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o win_n of_o the_o day_n it_o be_v true_a that_o ten_o english_a man_n of_o war_n which_o happen_v by_o chance_n to_o be_v near_o the_o shore_n play_v with_o their_o great_a gun_n upon_o the_o french_a army_n and_o much_o disorder_v it_o after_o this_o queen_n marry_o of_o england_n die_v left_a philip_n a_o widower_n and_o he_o take_v to_o his_o second_o wife_n isabelle_n of_o france_n philip_n before_o he_o embark_v for_o spain_n be_v desirous_a to_o provide_v for_o the_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o the_o low-countries_n make_v margaret_n of_o austria_n duchess_n of_o parma_n and_o bastard_n daughter_n to_o charles_n the_o emperor_n his_o regent_n and_o governess_n over_o all_o the_o low-countries_n the_o earl_n of_o egmont_n be_v make_v governor_n of_o flanders_n and_o artois_n the_o duke_n mansfield_n of_o luxemburg_n the_o earl_n william_n of_o nassaw_n prince_n of_o orange_n be_v make_v governor_n of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n chap._n vii_o contain_v the_o memorable_a passage_n under_o the_o government_n of_o margaret_n of_o parma_n king_n philip_n have_v install_v and_o settle_v this_o princess_n in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o low-countries_n leave_v she_o at_o brussels_n with_o a_o ample_a power_n and_o embark_v at_o flushing_n for_o spain_n after_o his_o departure_n that_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n which_o he_o leave_v thing_n in_o last_v not_o long_o for_o what_o with_o the_o discontent_n of_o great_a one_o who_o think_v themselves_o neglect_v and_o the_o jealousy_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v afraid_a of_o be_v oppress_v by_o the_o inquisition_n all_o man_n be_v ready_a and_o dispose_v for_o tumult_n add_v to_o this_o the_o non-performance_n of_o that_o promise_n which_o the_o king_n have_v make_v at_o his_o go_v away_o which_o be_v to_o recall_v all_o spanish_a and_o foreign_a force_n out_o of_o the_o low_a country_n the_o first_o appearance_n of_o sedition_n be_v a_o petition_n present_v to_o the_o princess_n by_o five_o hundred_o gentleman_n dress_v like_o beggar_n to_o content_v they_o the_o spanish_a force_n be_v with-drawn_a and_o not_o long_o after_o cardinal_n granvell_n who_o they_o much_o envy_v be_v recall_v but_o still_o in_o every_o place_n there_o be_v execution_n do_v upon_o those_o who_o they_o call_v heretic_n who_o by_o their_o constant_a suffering_n so_o animate_v the_o people_n that_o at_o last_o they_o will_v no_o long_o endure_v they_o shall_v be_v put_v to_o death_n but_o rescue_v they_o out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o hangman_n by_o force_n the_o king_n have_v notice_n of_o all_o order_v that_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n shall_v be_v publish_v in_o the_o low-countries_n the_o execution_n of_o which_o cause_v more_o trouble_n and_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o count_n egmont_n to_o take_v a_o journey_n into_o spain_n there_o he_o be_v very_o well_o receive_v by_o the_o king_n soon_o dispatch_v and_o in_o his_o return_n home_o he_o bring_v with_o he_o alexander_n prince_n of_o parma_n son_n to_o the_o princess_n regent_n prince_n maurice_n of_o nassaw_n be_v bear_v in_o this_o year_n 1565._o in_o which_o be_v frame_v the_o league_n or_o confederation_n of_o the_o nobility_n which_o be_v follow_v by_o the_o revolt_n and_o rise_n of_o the_o mean_a sort_n who_o break_v down_o image_n and_o altar_n invade_v monastery_n and_o nunnery_n and_o at_o last_o attake_v to_n but_o their_o fury_n be_v stop_v by_o the_o country_n people_n call_v walloon_n who_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o rout_v they_o the_o confederate_n make_v a_o new_a assembly_n at_o liege_n and_o there_o the_o regent_n send_v to_o they_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o the_o count_n egmont_n to_o desire_v they_o to_o forbear_v all_o new_a design_n they_o send_v she_o another_o petition_n which_o she_o defer_v to_o answer_v till_o the_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o golden_a fleâ—câ—_n shall_v be_v hold_v in_o this_o very_a year_n the_o prince_n of_o orange_n the_o count_n egmond_n count_n lewis_n of_o nassaw_n and_o horn_n meet_v at_o dondermond_n to_o consider_v whether_o it_o be_v safe_a for_o they_o to_o let_v the_o king_n who_o do_v threaten_v to_o appear_v with_o a_o army_n come_v peaceable_o in_o or_o oppose_v his_o passage_n by_o main_a force_n upon_o this_o consultation_n the_o gentry_n and_o the_o merchant_n join_v with_o they_o and_o all_o resolve_v to_o maintain_v by_o force_n that_o which_o they_o have_v obtain_v by_o petition_n from_o the_o princess_n the_o prince_n of_o orange_n his_o brother_n and_o hogestract_v meet_v at_o breda_n and_o write_v to_o fgmont_n to_o know_v whether_o he_o will_v join_v with_o they_o but_o he_o refuse_v it_o in_o 1567._o be_v strike_v the_o first_o stroke_n of_o war_n between_o beauvor_n for_o the_o princess_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o tholoze_n for_o the_o confederate_n who_o be_v rout_v and_o their_o leader_n kill_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o antwerp_n who_o stand_v upon_o their_o wall_n and_o look_v on_o for_o a_o while_n till_o at_o last_o see_v their_o party_n worsted_n they_o run_v to_o their_o arm_n but_o be_v appease_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n the_o princess_n taking_n heart_n at_o this_o propose_v a_o new_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n but_o it_o be_v first_o refuse_v by_o brederode_n and_o horn_n and_o then_o by_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n himself_o who_o forsake_v all_o his_o employment_n and_o charge_n and_o retire_v with_o his_o brother_n into_o germany_n before_o he_o go_v he_o have_v a_o meeting_n with_o the_o count_n egmont_n and_o he_o tell_v he_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o count_n mansfield_n i_o foresee_v say_v he_o that_o thou_o will_v be_v the_o bridge_n over_o which_o the_o spaniard_n will_v march_v into_o the_o low-countries_n this_o departure_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o his_o friend_n do_v for_o a_o time_n so_o â—â—artle_v most_o of_o the_o town_n that_o they_o begin_v to_o ask_v pardon_n and_o submit_v the_o small_a army_n which_o brederode_n have_v gather_v together_o be_v rout_v and_o disperse_v and_o he_o force_v to_o fly_v with_o his_o family_n into_o friezeland_n this_o make_v holland_n and_o zealand_n receive_v garrison_n and_o drive_v away_o the_o protestant_a minister_n insomuch_o that_o all_o be_v settle_v again_o and_o obedience_n restore_v to_o the_o prince_n hereupon_o the_o princess_n write_v to_o the_o king_n to_o come_v in_o person_n and_o by_o his_o presence_n heal_v up_o a_o wound_n which_o else_o may_v open_v afresh_o but_o philip_n glad_a it_o may_v be_v of_o this_o occasion_n of_o diminish_v the_o privilege_n of_o his_o low-country_n subject_n send_v the_o duke_n of_o alva_n with_o a_o army_n to_o execute_v his_o command_n the_o princess_n soon_o perceive_v that_o the_o severe_a proud_a nature_n of_o the_o duke_n will_v undo_v all_o that_o her_o mild_a temper_n have_v make_v up_o in_o effect_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o come_v he_o clap_v up_o the_o earl_n of_o horn_n and_o egmont_n
it_o be_v agree_v that_o there_o be_v choose_v in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o confederate_n some_o plenipotentiaries_n and_o that_o these_o plenipotentiaries_n do_v assign_v the_o day_n and_o place_n of_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n of_o each_o province_n and_o that_o they_o send_v to_o they_o in_o due_a time_n the_o grievance_n and_o head_n of_o matter_n they_o be_v to_o treat_v about_o yet_o if_o there_o be_v such_o point_n as_o require_v secrecy_n that_o then_o they_o reserve_v to_o declare_v they_o in_o the_o assembly_n general_n of_o the_o state_n that_o all_o the_o province_n be_v thus_o advertise_v do_v send_v their_o deputy_n with_o their_o instruction_n and_o power_n necessary_a to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o assembly_n general_n that_o the_o preference_n be_v give_v by_o the_o plurality_n of_o vote_n except_o in_o important_a affair_n that_o if_o some_o province_n do_v neglect_v to_o send_v their_o deputy_n that_o those_o that_o shall_v meet_v do_v nevertheless_o debate_v and_o deliberate_v and_o decree_n as_o if_o all_o have_v be_v there_o but_o if_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v debate_v will_v endure_v a_o delay_n than_o the_o province_n that_o have_v not_o send_v their_o deputy_n shall_v be_v call_v upon_o two_o or_o three_o time_n and_o those_o that_o have_v not_o convenience_n of_o send_v their_o deputy_n let_v they_o send_v their_o advice_n by_o writing_n 16._o if_o the_o state_n of_o the_o particular_a province_n have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o deserve_v to_o be_v examine_v and_o pass_v in_o the_o council_n of_o the_o state_n general_n let_v they_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o plenipotentiaries_n who_o shall_v assign_v and_o call_v together_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o confederate_n 17._o if_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o difficulty_n about_o the_o interpretation_n of_o these_o article_n or_o any_o doubt_n arise_v let_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o confederate_n be_v take_v for_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o all_o 18._o if_o it_o be_v find_v necessary_a to_o abolish_v or_o change_v any_o law_n already_o make_v or_o make_v any_o new_a one_o let_v it_o be_v do_v by_o the_o vote_n and_o consent_n of_o all_o 19_o let_v all_o observe_v and_o solemn_o swear_v to_o keep_v inviolable_o these_o law_n that_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v either_o direct_o or_o indirect_o contrary_a to_o they_o let_v it_o be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la void_a and_o let_v it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o other_o province_n to_o seize_v and_o take_v the_o city_n possession_n and_o good_n of_o those_o that_o shall_v infringe_v they_o and_o persist_v so_o to_o do_v in_o short_a if_o in_o these_o constitution_n there_o be_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o right_n of_o any_o particular_a province_n now_o constitute_v it_o shall_v not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v a_o general_a renunciation_n to_o it_o except_o it_o be_v precede_v by_o a_o particular_a renunciation_n of_o each_o of_o the_o confederate_n these_o be_v the_o law_n that_o have_v be_v the_o foundation_n and_o basis_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n and_o be_v still_o exact_o observe_v in_o all_o point_n except_o in_o the_o 11_o article_n concern_v religion_n which_o be_v alter_v by_o the_o state_n general_n in_o the_o year_n 1583._o and_o since_o by_o the_o union_n of_o utrect_v it_o be_v free_a to_o amplify_v change_n and_o shorten_v any_o of_o the_o say_a article_n when_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o province_n shall_v require_v it_o the_o state_n ordain_v that_o no_o religion_n shall_v be_v henceforth_o receive_v but_o that_o which_o be_v public_o teach_v in_o the_o unite_a province_n which_o be_v the_o reform_a but_o that_o if_o any_o member_n province_n or_o papish_a town_n will_v enter_v into_o this_o alliance_n that_o then_o they_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o religion_n in_o subscribe_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o article_n chap._n ii_o the_o rank_n and_o dependency_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n towards_o one_o another_o have_v make_v a_o slight_a draught_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o these_o united_a province_n we_o must_v now_o consider_v what_o be_v these_o province_n thus_o unite_v and_o to_o that_o end_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o all_o those_o town_n that_o do_v depend_v on_o the_o administration_n and_o government_n of_o the_o state_n do_v send_v their_o deputy_n to_o the_o hague_n and_o do_v share_n in_o the_o government_n but_o that_o those_o city_n and_o town_n that_o have_v be_v add_v and_o subject_v by_o the_o force_n of_o arm_n be_v as_o conquer_v nation_n use_v to_o be_v with_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v true_a that_o those_o town_n that_o by_o the_o happy_a success_n of_o the_o state_n arm_n have_v be_v with_o great_a cost_n and_o time_n conquer_v in_o brabant_n have_v often_o solicit_v their_o admission_n and_o reception_n into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o because_o they_o have_v stand_v the_o state_n in_o so_o much_o blood_n and_o treasure_n and_o that_o they_o be_v incapable_a of_o assist_v and_o be_v a_o help_n against_o the_o enemy_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o long_a suffering_n and_o also_o because_o it_o be_v fit_a that_o they_o alone_a who_o first_o conspire_v to_o this_o alliance_n shall_v enjoy_v it_o they_o have_v not_o yet_o obtain_v their_o request_n but_o to_o know_v whether_o those_o town_n of_o brabant_n to_o the_o number_n of_o eight_o viz._n bolduc_n breda_n berguenopsooun_n mastrect_v grave_a steenbergue_v heindove_n and_o helmont_n do_v deserve_v the_o privilege_n that_o the_o country_n of_o drow_v now_o enjoy_v viz._n of_o have_v particular_a treasurer_n not_o accountable_a to_o the_o state_n general_n be_v a_o point_n which_o deserve_v a_o great_a discussion_n than_o be_v here_o to_o be_v expect_v however_o within_o these_o few_o year_n the_o say_v town_n have_v a_o court_n of_o judicature_n which_o do_v sovereign_o and_o without_o appeal_n judge_n and_o decide_v all_o controversy_n arise_v in_o those_o part_n this_o court_n sit_v at_o the_o hague_n and_o be_v make_v up_o of_o seven_o counsellor_n one_o secretary_n one_o attorney_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o one_o attorney_n general_n the_o town_n likewise_o conquer_v in_o flanders_n have_v a_o court_n of_o judicature_n at_o middlebourg_n determine_v all_o cause_n sovereign_o the_o country_n of_o drow_v have_v many_o great_a privilege_n as_o the_o power_n to_o choose_v a_o governor_n to_o contribute_v to_o the_o public_a necessity_n as_o other_o province_n do_v and_o it_o have_v also_o a_o ambulatory_a court_n of_o justice_n which_o go_v from_o town_n to_o town_n to_o hear_v cause_n and_o decree_n upon_o they_o without_o appeal_n beside_o it_o have_v the_o liberty_n of_o name_v commissary_n for_o the_o treasury_n but_o it_o have_v not_o yet_o the_o privilege_n of_o send_v deputy_n call_v pensionary_n to_o the_o state_n general_n because_o they_o do_v not_o at_o first_o come_v into_o the_o league_n and_o alliance_n make_v between_o the_o other_o province_n and_o also_o because_o since_o that_o time_n there_o have_v be_v no_o occasion_n of_o make_v any_o article_n with_o any_o of_o their_o town_n except_o couverde_n which_o be_v dispute_v too_o there_o be_v in_o this_o country_n scarce_o any_o place_n which_o have_v juâ—_n civitatis_fw-la except_o the_o little_a town_n of_o meppâ—l_n which_o will_v soon_o attain_v its_o desire_n of_o take_v share_n in_o the_o government_n if_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o drow_v it_o be_v unite_v to_o some_o of_o the_o neighbour_a province_n to_o drow_v be_v ordinary_o join_v the_o manor_n or_o demean_v of_o rhun_n which_o be_v a_o ancient_a lordship_n of_o the_o house_n of_o munster_n but_o gueldres_n holland_n zeeland_n utrect_v friezland_n overyssel_n and_o groningue_n with_o omlund_n be_v of_o the_o first_o alliance_n and_o have_v for_o arm_n a_o lion_n hold_v in_o his_o paw_n seven_o arrow_n the_o symbol_n of_o their_o union_n and_o the_o state_n general_n do_v use_v it_o as_o their_o public_a seal_n this_o order_n which_o we_o have_v set_v down_o though_o it_o be_v so_o at_o first_o be_v nevertheless_o dispute_v between_o friezland_n and_o uâ—rect_a they_o both_o pretend_v to_o the_o precedency_n but_o beside_o that_o utrect_v be_v in_o possession_n it_o have_v two_o strong_a reason_n the_o first_o be_v that_o former_o all_o friezland_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o bishop_n of_o utrect_v as_o for_o the_o spiritual_a jurisdiction_n â—ly_o that_o a_o 〈…〉_z utrect_v have_v declare_v for_o the_o union_n when_o divers_a town_n of_o friezland_n be_v yet_o in_o suspense_n chap._n iii_o what_o be_v the_o form_n of_o the_o general_a assembly_n till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n from_o the_o first_o time_n that_o the_o deputy_n meet_v to_o make_v and_o ordain_v law_n about_o the_o settle_n and_o firm_a establish_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o 17_o article_n of_o the_o union_n of_o
to_o be_v understand_v of_o privateer_n chap._n xix_o of_o the_o particular_a government_n of_o the_o town_n in_o holland_n we_o have_v see_v hitherto_o what_o be_v the_o government_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n now_o we_o may_v descend_v to_o the_o particular_a to_n the_o town_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o bailif_n a_o senate_n or_o council_n by_o bourgmaster_n or_o consul_n and_o by_o alderman_n there_o be_v but_o one_o bailif_n in_o each_o town_n who_o to_o say_v true_a have_v no_o power_n of_o himself_o to_o pronounce_v judgement_n but_o in_o criminal_a cause_n he_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o attourney-generall_n and_o manage_n accusation_n against_o offender_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o state_n this_o be_v do_v before_o the_o alderman_n who_o have_v power_n to_o examine_v the_o head_n of_o the_o accusation_n and_o to_o pronounce_v sentence_n the_o bailiff_n have_v no_o salary_n and_o all_o the_o profit_n of_o their_o place_n rise_v from_o the_o fine_n that_o be_v lay_v upon_o the_o guilty_a the_o senate_n and_o the_o great_a be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v den_n breeden_fw-mi raâ—dâ—_n or_o de_fw-fr vroedschap_n in_o most_o town_n as_o at_o leyden_n it_o be_v compose_v of_o about_o forty_o person_n according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o rich_a citizen_n more_o or_o less_o the_o ancient_a law_n admit_v none_o to_o be_v of_o this_o senate_n but_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o rich_a sort_n this_o assembly_n seldom_o meet_v but_o upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o choose_v new_a magistrate_n as_o also_o when_o the_o state_n of_o the_o province_n be_v to_o meet_v than_o the_o head_n of_o the_o deliberation_n be_v examine_v in_o this_o senate_n beforehand_o they_o do_v also_o control_v and_o correct_v their_o bourgmaster_n and_o alderman_n if_o in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n they_o chance_v to_o go_v beyond_o their_o commission_n and_o to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v do_v it_o without_o fear_n it_o have_v be_v ordain_v by_o our_o wise_a ancestor_n that_o the_o charge_n of_o senator_n shall_v be_v perpetual_a that_o so_o they_o may_v not_o fear_v to_o be_v persecute_v for_o what_o they_o shall_v do_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o public_a liberty_n the_o bourgmaster_n and_o alderman_n be_v choose_v from_o among_o these_o senator_n by_o the_o plurality_n of_o voice_n in_o some_o place_n there_o be_v four_o bourgmaster_n and_o in_o some_o there_o be_v but_o two_o their_o office_n be_v to_o determine_v all_o that_o concern_v the_o good_a order_n of_o the_o town_n as_o also_o to_o inform_v themselves_o of_o all_o the_o fall_n out_o of_o the_o citizen_n and_o bring_v they_o either_o by_o themselves_o or_o other_o to_o a_o agreement_n which_o if_o they_o can_v compass_v than_o their_o duty_n be_v to_o cite_v they_o before_o the_o alderman_n they_o meet_v in_o a_o common_a chamber_n and_o give_v audience_n to_o all_o inhabitant_n without_o distinction_n in_o some_o place_n there_o be_v seven_o alderman_n in_o other_o nine_a they_o be_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o town_n who_o meet_v three_o or_o four_o set_a time_n a_o week_n and_o determine_v all_o civil_a cause_n between_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o judge_v all_o crime_n propose_v by_o the_o bailif_n for_o the_o first_o cognizance_n of_o the_o cause_n belong_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o place_n where_o he_o that_o be_v cite_v dwell_v except_o they_o be_v privilege_v cause_n the_o town_n judge_v of_o no_o great_a sum_n than_o five_o pound_n and_o the_o bourghs_n of_o thirty_o shilling_n though_o in_o very_o great_a city_n they_o may_v judge_v as_o far_o as_o thirty_o pound_n the_o appeal_n be_v first_o to_o the_o court_n of_o the_o province_n and_o then_o to_o the_o great_a council_n where_o there_o be_v a_o double_a number_n of_o judge_n they_o that_o be_v cast_v be_v fine_v for_o have_v appeal_v without_o reason_n in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o province_n the_o fine_a be_v three_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o six_o pound_n and_o when_o the_o process_n be_v re-viewed_n if_o the_o sentence_n be_v confirm_v the_o fine_a be_v of_o twenty_o pound_n as_o for_o criminal_a cause_n the_o judge_n be_v absolute_a and_o there_o be_v no_o appeal_n from_o they_o neither_o in_o the_o village_n nor_o in_o the_o town_n except_o the_o bailif_n require_v that_o the_o criminal_a shall_v undergo_v a_o severe_a punishment_n and_o then_o the_o accuse_a have_v liberty_n to_o defend_v himself_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o law_n in_o holland_n the_o first_o sort_n be_v the_o custom_n privilege_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o country_n and_o former_a prince_n and_o of_o the_o state_n the_o second_o be_v the_o roman_a law_n call_v the_o civil_a law_n moreover_o that_o the_o course_n of_o justice_n be_v not_o retard_v nor_o the_o judge_n time_n take_v up_o in_o petty_a business_n there_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o alderman_n a_o certain_a number_n of_o the_o rich_a sort_n of_o citizen_n who_o be_v call_v commissary_n of_o small_a cause_n these_o take_v cognizance_n of_o all_o cause_n that_o be_v not_o above_o five_o pound_n as_o also_o of_o all_o action_n for_o reparation_n of_o honour_n and_o of_o the_o difference_n between_o master_n and_o servant_n and_o such_o like_a a_o alderman_n preside_v ordinary_o in_o this_o assembly_n and_o be_v ordinary_o a_o good_a civilian_n there_o be_v also_o in_o the_o senate_n or_o town-house_n and_o in_o the_o college_n of_o the_o bourgmaster_n one_o who_o be_v call_v a_o syndiâ—_n or_o pensioner_n who_o ought_v to_o be_v eloquent_a and_o learned_a as_o be_v the_o speaker_n of_o the_o whole_a town_n or_o corporation_n in_o their_o most_o important_a affair_n chap._n xx._n of_o the_o tribute_n and_o impost_n of_o how_o many_o sort_n they_o be_v and_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o levy_v they_o in_o holland_n since_o as_o tacitus_n say_v there_o be_v no_o war_n without_o pay_n nor_o no_o pay_n without_o tribute_n and_o that_o that_o be_v the_o particular_a case_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n who_o have_v be_v long_o in_o war_n to_o which_o they_o have_v all_o contribute_v their_o share_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o consider_v of_o the_o way_n they_o use_v to_o levy_v they_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o tribute_n the_o ordinary_a and_o the_o extraordinary_a the_o ordinary_a which_o be_v once_o grant_v be_v always_o continue_v the_o extraordinary_a which_o be_v levy_v but_o for_o some_o certain_a time_n and_o be_v then_o leave_v off_o there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o extraordinary_a tribute_n viz._n the_o tribute_n by_o head_n or_o pole-money_n the_o chimney-money_n and_o the_o land_n tax_n the_o pole-money_n be_v so_o levy_v that_o the_o state_n have_v twenty_o penny_n for_o every_o head_n they_o that_o be_v extreme_a poor_a be_v free_v from_o this_o tribute_n to_o my_o remembrance_n this_o be_v never_o practise_v but_o once_o and_o then_o too_o there_o be_v great_a murmur_v and_o many_o refuse_v to_o pay_v the_o chimney-money_n be_v that_o tribute_n which_o be_v pay_v for_o every_o chimney_n or_o hearth_n which_o be_v twenty_o penny_n and_o in_o this_o the_o hollander_n have_v imitate_v the_o spaniard_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n the_o three_o tribute_n call_v a_o land_n tax_n may_v be_v proper_o call_v the_o two_o hundred_o penny_n for_o out_o of_o two_o hundred_o pound_n a_o year_n for_o example_n be_v pay_v one_o pound_n to_o the_o state_n so_o out_o of_o four_o hundred_o two_o pound_n or_o forty_o shilling_n to_o this_o may_v be_v object_v that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a hard_a thing_n if_o not_o impossible_a for_o the_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a value_n of_o man_n estate_n to_o be_v have_v it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o magistrate_n do_v take_v his_o measure_n from_o the_o public_a voice_n and_o the_o general_a report_n that_o any_o man_n have_v to_o have_v such_o and_o such_o revenue_n and_o because_o in_o this_o there_o be_v room_n for_o a_o mistake_n the_o law_n give_v any_o man_n leave_v to_o complain_v of_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o tax_n and_o if_o he_o will_v take_v his_o oath_n he_o be_v not_o worth_a so_o much_o as_o the_o world_n value_v his_o estate_n at_o his_o tax_n shall_v be_v moderate_v as_o for_o the_o ordinary_a tribute_n the_o chief_a be_v these_o follow_v 1._o the_o tribute_n from_o salt_n call_v in_o dutch_a sonte_n geldt_fw-mi it_o be_v levy_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o town_n visit_v each_o family_n and_o reckon_v every_o head_n of_o it_o then_o they_o guess_v at_o the_o quantity_n of_o salt_n that_o they_o may_v reasonable_o be_v think_v to_o spend_v in_o one_o year_n and_o thereupon_o they_o exact_v from_o they_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n proportionable_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o salt_n they_o be_v to_o have_v and_o in_o some_o town_n they_o set_v a_o price_n upon_o the_o
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other_o than_o golden_a spur_n and_o live_v in_o a_o great_a magnificence_n but_o let_v we_o return_v to_o the_o town_n which_o by_o a_o unlucky_a accident_n of_o fire_n have_v like_a to_o have_v be_v quite_o destroy_v there_o be_v burn_v above_o 2000_o house_n with_o the_o townhouse_n and_o cathedral-church_n 1618._o the_o national_a synod_n be_v hold_v in_o the_o same_o town_n under_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o high_a and_o mighty_a lord_n the_o state_n general_n to_o decide_v those_o controversy_n that_o be_v rise_v concern_v predestination_n there_o be_v present_v many_o learned_a man_n both_o from_o france_n and_o other_o part_n among_o other_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n who_o since_o be_v behead_v in_o the_o trouble_n in_o england_n dort_n be_v the_o place_n where_o be_v bear_v that_o factious_a preacher_n brother_n cornelius_n adrian_n of_o who_o the_o people_n to_o this_o day_n tell_v so_o many_o pleasant_a story_n for_o my_o part_n i_o have_v hear_v worthy_a person_n say_v that_o he_o be_v real_o a_o very_a eloquent_a person_n who_o do_v ravish_v his_o hearer_n with_o admiration_n but_o that_o he_o do_v handle_v some_o point_n that_o be_v a_o little_a too_o free_a in_o those_o day_n but_o he_o fear_v no_o body_n he_o die_v at_o bruges_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o the_o earl_n of_o holland_n be_v to_o be_v inaugurate_v that_o be_v acknowledge_v for_o lawful_a prince_n they_o do_v first_o come_v into_o dort_n and_o there_o do_v swear_v to_o the_o state_n to_o observe_v all_o their_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n from_o who_o consequent_o they_o do_v receive_v a_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n the_o dort-deputy_n have_v the_o first_o place_n and_o speak_v first_o before_o the_o town_n be_v take_v great_a quantity_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o fish_n and_o particular_o of_o salmon_n for_o in_o one_o year_n there_o be_v sell_v in_o the_o say_a town_n 892._o salmon_n and_o it_o be_v common_o say_v that_o servant_n put_v it_o in_o their_o bargain_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o eat_v salmon_n above_o twice_o a_o week_n there_o be_v a_o very_a convenient_a port_n for_o â—ll_a merchandize_n come_v down_o the_o â—hene_n and_o it_o be_v in_o this_o city_n that_o all_o the_o rhenish_a wine_n be_v first_o unload_v but_o this_o be_v enough_o of_o the_o first_o town_n of_o holland_n in_o dignity_n which_o beside_o the_o beauty_n of_o its_o edifice_n be_v place_v in_o a_o fruitful_a soil_n and_o a_o temperate_a air._n leyden_n be_v distant_a ten_o league_n from_o dort_n and_o the_o ordinary_a way_n be_v by_o water_n chap._n xiii_o of_o goude_n this_o be_v the_o six_o and_o last_o of_o the_o great_a town_n five_o league_n from_o leyden_n it_o lie_v