always_o that_o if_o any_o merchant_n stranger_n or_o other_o find_v himself_o grieve_v or_o damnify_v by_o negligent_a keep_n of_o his_o ware_n or_o merchandise_n or_o by_o long_a delay_n or_o protract_v of_o time_n in_o make_v of_o the_o voyage_n by_o the_o say_a owner_n his_o master_n or_o any_o of_o the_o mariner_n of_o the_o say_a ship_n otherwise_o than_o shall_v be_v agree_v in_o or_o by_o the_o say_a charter-party_n not_o have_v be_v leâ—ten_o by_o wind_n or_o weather_n he_o shall_v and_o may_v have_v his_o remedy_n by_o way_n of_o complaint_n before_o the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n for_o the_o time_n be_v his_o lieutenant_n or_o deputy_n against_o the_o say_a owner_n or_o master_n who_o shall_v or_o may_v summary_o and_o without_o delay_n take_v such_o order_n therein_o as_o shall_v be_v think_v to_o their_o discretion_n most_o convenient_a and_o according_a to_o right_n and_o justice_n in_o that_o behalf_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o case_n express_v be_v for_o the_o merchant_n to_o recover_v satisfaction_n for_o delay_n or_o damage_n do_v to_o their_o good_n according_a to_o the_o charter-party_n from_o the_o owner_n and_o the_o master_n of_o ship_n and_o it_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a if_o the_o master_n or_o owner_n have_v dee_o perform_v their_o voyage_n may_v not_o seek_v the_o like_a remedy_n before_o the_o same_o judge_n against_o the_o merchant_n not_o observe_v the_o charter-party_n either_o in_o not_o lade_n their_o good_n within_o the_o time_n appoint_v or_o not_o pay_v the_o freight_n according_a to_o agreement_n in_o the_o same_o contain_v and_o express_v the_o cause_n be_v hinc_fw-la inde_fw-la reciprocal_a and_o it_o be_v sometime_o hold_v a_o absurdity_n illud_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o uno_fw-la eodemque_fw-la judicio_fw-la terminari_fw-la potest_fw-la apud_fw-la diversos_fw-la judices_fw-la ventilari_fw-la the_o statute_n of_o the_o 43_o of_o elizabeth_n chap._n 12._o declare_v that_o whereas_o difference_n grow_v upon_o policy_n of_o assurance_n have_v be_v order_v by_o discreet_a merchant_n approve_v by_o the_o lord_n mayor_n who_o do_v speedy_o decide_v those_o cause_n until_o that_o of_o late_a year_n divers_a person_n do_v withdraw_v themselves_o from_o that_o arbitrary_a course_n and_o have_v seek_v to_o draw_v the_o party_n assure_v to_o seek_v their_o money_n of_o every_o several_a assurer_n by_o sules_a commence_v in_o her_o majesty_n court_n to_o their_o great_a charge_n and_o delay_n thereupon_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o a_o commission_n shall_v be_v grant_v give_v power_n to_o certain_a commissioner_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n to_o order_v and_o decree_v such_o cause_n in_o a_o brief_a and_o summary_n course_n without_o formality_n of_o plead_n and_o proceed_n malines_n affirm_v 24._o that_o he_o among_o other_o be_v one_o who_o upon_o experience_n of_o the_o great_a inconvenience_n which_o follow_v upon_o the_o draw_n of_o those_o cause_n to_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n solicit_v the_o parliament_n to_o pass_v that_o act._n the_o legal_a authority_n which_o may_v be_v conceive_v to_o be_v intend_v to_o debar_v the_o admiral_n from_o the_o conusance_n of_o contract_n and_o write_n make_v at_o land_n touch_v thing_n to_o be_v perform_v at_o sea_n or_o such_o as_o show_v that_o since_o the_o make_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 15_o of_o rich._n 2._o chap._n 3._o and_o not_o before_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n have_v admit_v and_o hold_v plea_n of_o charter-party_n of_o policy_n of_o assurance_n and_o declare_v something_o concern_v mariner_n wage_n touch_v charter-party_n it_o be_v show_v first_o that_o in_o the_o 31_o of_o hen._n 6._o a_o action_n be_v bring_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o double_a damage_n by_o william_n hore_n against_o jeffery_n unton_n who_o have_v sue_v the_o say_a hore_n in_o the_o admiralty_n for_o fourscore_o pound_n upon_o a_o charter-party_n of_o freightment_n of_o a_o ship_n of_o the_o say_a jeffrye_n employ_v to_o go_v towards_o island_n in_o regard_n contractus_fw-la ille_fw-la apud_fw-la novam_fw-la sarum_n infra_fw-la corpus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la &_o non_fw-la super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la factus_fw-la &_o junctus_fw-la fuit_fw-la whereupon_o damage_n be_v assess_v against_o the_o defendant_n to_o a_o hundred_o mark_n and_o cost_n to_o 40_o l._n again_o that_o in_o the_o 28_o of_o elizabeth_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n upon_o a_o charter-party_n by_o a_o deed_n indent_a which_o be_v make_v at_o thetford_n in_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n evangelist_n constantine_n sue_v hugh_n glynn_n for_o the_o breach_n of_o covenant_n in_o not_o stay_v at_o muâ—trel_n in_o spain_n so_o many_o day_n as_o be_v limit_v by_o the_o covenant_n whereupon_o he_o be_v condemn_v in_o 500_o l._n and_o in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n it_o be_v show_v that_o the_o issue_n do_v arise_v out_o of_o a_o place_n in_o a_o foreign_a kingdom_n from_o whence_o no_o jury_n by_o twelve_o man_n may_v be_v have_v and_o that_o therefore_o the_o trial_n be_v not_o sufficient_a sir_n christopher_n wray_n and_o the_o whole_a bench_n resolve_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v recover_v 500_o l._n beside_o the_o cost_n and_o damage_n because_o the_o charter-party_n be_v make_v at_o thetford_n within_o the_o realm_n concern_v policy_n of_o assurance_n that_o in_o the_o 38_o of_o hen._n 8._o in_o a_o case_n betwixt_o crane_n and_o beâ—l_n touch_v a_o promise_n make_v at_o dartmouth_n that_o the_o ship_n shall_v pass_v without_o take_v which_o be_v afterward_o surprise_v by_o the_o spaniard_n upon_o the_o high_a sea_n it_o be_v hold_v not_o determinable_a in_o the_o admiralty_n for_o although_o the_o take_n be_v upon_o the_o sea_n yet_o the_o promise_n be_v upon_o the_o land_n again_o that_o in_o the_o 36_o of_o elizabeth_n a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n upon_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la from_o a_o policy_n of_o assurance_n where_o it_o be_v undertake_v that_o a_o ship_n shall_v sail_v safe_o from_o melcomb_n regis_fw-la to_o abbevil_n in_o france_n the_o ship_n be_v arrest_v by_o the_o french_a king_n in_o the_o river_n of_o somme_n in_o the_o realm_n of_o france_n and_o the_o matter_n be_v there_o adjudge_v â—o_o which_o may_v be_v add_v what_o sr_n ed._n cook_n deliver_v for_o law_n in_o dowdales_n case_n cu_z combein_fw-fr le_fw-fr contract_n comme_fw-fr le_fw-fr performance_n etc._n etc._n when_o as_o well_o the_o contract_n as_o the_o performance_n of_o it_o be_v whole_o do_v beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o it_o so_o appear_v the_o trial_n fail_v at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o here_o say_v he_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la be_v make_v at_o london_n which_o be_v the_o ground_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o action_n and_o therefore_o the_o trial_n of_o necessity_n shall_v be_v there_o or_o otherwise_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v try_v at_o all_o and_o the_o arrest_n which_o be_v in_o issue_n be_v not_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o action_n but_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la etc._n etc._n touch_v mariner_n wage_n be_v that_o of_o the_o book_n of_o 48_o of_o edw._n 3._o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o a_o mariner_n make_v a_o covenant_n with_o one_o to_o serve_v in_o a_o ship_n on_o the_o sea_n yet_o if_o his_o wage_n be_v not_o pay_v they_o shall_v be_v demand_v in_o that_o court_n by_o the_o common_a law_n nemy_n per_fw-la ley_fw-fr mariner_n to_o these_o authority_n it_o may_v be_v reply_v in_o general_a that_o all_o but_o the_o last_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o common_o receive_v sense_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 15._o rich._n 2._o that_o the_o contract_n do_v rise_v only_o there_o where_o it_o be_v make_v or_o write_v with_o out_o any_o respect_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o business_n and_o the_o occasion_n thereof_o from_o whence_o in_o truth_n it_o do_v more_o proper_o arise_v and_o whereas_o other_o act_n of_o parliament_n have_v in_o some_o special_a point_n ordain_v and_o declare_v otherwise_o it_o may_v be_v hope_v that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v hold_v a_o crime_n unexcusable_a if_o a_o man_n shall_v doubt_v of_o the_o reasonableness_n of_o those_o authority_n touch_v the_o particular_n as_o first_o of_o the_o 31._o of_o henry_n 6._o betwixt_o hore_n and_o unton_n wherein_o double_a damage_n be_v give_v for_o sue_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n upon_o a_o charter-party_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o suit_n be_v upon_o a_o charter-party_n of_o freightment_n for_o four_o score_n pound_n it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v for_o the_o freight_n of_o the_o ship_n although_o it_o be_v most_o probable_a and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o why_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n shall_v not_o as_o well_o sue_v for_o his_o freight_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 32._o of_o hen._n 8._o as_o the_o merchant_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o same_o statute_n may_v sue_v in_o the_o admiralty_n for_o damage_n do_v to_o his_o
to_o be_v perform_v either_o upon_o the_o sea_n or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n yet_o be_v the_o same_o to_o be_v try_v and_o determine_v by_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o the_o common-law_n and_o not_o in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o therefore_o when_o that_o court_n have_v encroach_v upon_o the_o common-law_n in_o that_o case_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o party_n sue_v there_o have_v be_v prohibit_v and_o often_o time_n the_o party_n condemn_v in_o great_a and_o grievous_a damage_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n that_o the_o clause_n of_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la statuto_fw-la 5._o which_o have_v foundation_n in_o his_o majesty_n prerogative_n and_o be_v current_a in_o all_o other_o grant_v yet_o in_o the_o lord_n admiral_n patent_n be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o no_o force_n to_o warrant_v the_o determination_n of_o the_o cause_n commit_v to_o he_o in_o his_o lordship_n patent_n and_o so_o reject_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common-law_n answer_n without_o all_o question_n the_o statute_n of_o 13_o r._n 2._o cap._n 3.15_o r._n 2._o cap._n 5._o &_o 2_o h._n 4._o cap._n 11._o 11._o be_v statute_n declare_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n of_o the_o admiral_n and_o wherein_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o realm_n have_v interest_n can_v be_v dispense_v with_o by_o any_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la and_o therefore_o not_o worthy_a of_o any_o answer_n but_o by_o colour_n thereof_o the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n have_v contrary_a to_o those_o act_n of_o parliament_n encroach_v upon_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o common-law_n to_o the_o intolerable_a grievance_n of_o the_o subject_n which_o have_v oftentimes_o urge_v they_o to_o complain_v in_o your_o majesty_n court_n of_o ordinary_a justice_n at_o westminster_n for_o their_o relief_n in_o that_o behalf_n 6._o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n may_v receive_v all_o manner_n of_o impeachment_n and_o interruption_n the_o river_n beneath_o the_o first_o bridge_n where_o it_o eb_v and_o flow_v and_o the_o port_n and_o creek_n be_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a law_n affirm_v to_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n nor_o within_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n and_o thereupon_o prohibition_n be_v usual_o award_v upon_o action_n depend_v in_o that_o court_n for_o contract_n and_o other_o thing_n do_v in_o those_o place_n notwithstanding_o that_o by_o use_n and_o practice_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n the_o admiral_n court_n have_v have_v jurisdiction_n within_o such_o port_n creek_n and_o river_n the_o like_a answer_n as_o to_o the_o first_o answer_n and_o it_o be_v further_o add_v that_o for_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n and_o of_o mayhem_n in_o those_o two_o case_n only_o do_v in_o great_a ship_n be_v and_o hover_v in_o the_o main_a stream_n only_o beneath_o the_o point_n of_o the_o same_o river_n nigh_o to_o the_o sea_n and_o no_o other_o place_n of_o the_o same_o river_n nor_o in_o other_o cause_n but_o in_o those_o two_o only_a the_o admiral_n have_v cognisance_n but_o for_o all_o contract_n plea_n and_o quereles_a make_v or_o do_v upon_o a_o river_n haven_n or_o creek_n within_o any_o county_n of_o this_o realm_n the_o admiral_n without_o question_n have_v not_o any_o jurisdiction_n for_o than_o he_o shall_v hold_v plea_n of_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o county_n which_o be_v tryable_a by_o the_o verdict_n of_o twelve_o man_n and_o mere_o determinable_a by_o the_o common-law_n and_o not_o within_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o that_o be_v to_o change_v and_o alter_v the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o those_o case_n and_o make_v those_o contract_n plea_n and_o quereles_a tryable_a by_o the_o common-law_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o be_v draw_v ad_fw-la aliud_fw-la examen_fw-la and_o to_o be_v sentence_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o how_o dangerous_a and_o penal_a it_o be_v for_o they_o to_o deal_v in_o these_o case_n it_o appear_v by_o judicial_a precedent_n of_o former_a age_n see_v the_o answer_n to_o the_o first_o article_n 7._o that_o the_o agreement_n make_v in_o anno_fw-la dom._n 1575._o between_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n for_o the_o more_o quiet_a and_o certain_a execution_n of_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n be_v not_o observe_v as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v answer_n the_o suppose_a agreement_n mention_v in_o this_o article_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o be_v deliver_v unto_o we_o but_o have_v hear_v the_o same_o read_v over_o before_o his_o majesty_n out_o of_o a_o paper_n not_o subscribe_v with_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o judge_n we_o answer_v that_o for_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o differ_v from_o these_o answer_n it_o be_v against_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o therefore_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n never_o assent_v thereunto_o as_o be_v pretend_v neither_o do_v the_o phrase_n thereof_o agree_v with_o the_o term_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n 8._o many_o other_o grievance_n there_o be_v which_o in_o discuss_v of_o these_o former_a will_n easy_o appear_v worthy_a also_o of_o reformation_n this_o article_n be_v so_o general_n answer_n as_o no_o particular_a answer_n can_v be_v make_v thereunto_o only_o it_o appear_v by_o that_o which_o have_v be_v say_v that_o the_o lord_n admiral_n his_o officer_n and_o minister_n principal_o by_o colour_n of_o the_o say_v void_a non_fw-la obstante_fw-la and_o for_o want_v of_o learned_a advice_n have_v unjust_o encroach_v upon_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n whereof_o the_o marvel_n be_v the_o less_o for_o that_o the_o lord_n admiral_n his_o lieutenant_n officer_n and_o minister_n have_v without_o all_o colour_n encroach_v and_o intrude_v upon_o a_o right_n and_o prerogative_n due_a to_o the_o crown_n in_o that_o they_o have_v seize_v and_o convert_v to_o their_o own_o use_n good_n and_o chattel_n of_o infinite_a value_n take_v by_o pirate_n at_o sea_n and_o other_o good_n and_o chattel_n which_o in_o no_o sort_n appertain_v unto_o his_o lordship_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n wherein_o the_o say_v non_fw-la obstante_fw-la be_v contain_v and_o for_o which_o he_o and_o his_o officer_n remain_v accountable_a to_o his_o majesty_n and_o they_o now_o want_v in_o this_o bless_a time_n of_o peace_n cause_n appertain_v to_o their_o natural_a jurisdiction_n they_o now_o encroach_v upon_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o common-law_n lest_o they_o shall_v sit_v idle_a and_o reap_v no_o profit_n and_o if_o a_o great_a number_n of_o prohibition_n as_o they_o affirm_v have_v be_v grant_v since_o the_o great_a benefit_n of_o this_o happy_a peace_n than_o before_o in_o time_n of_o hostility_n it_o move_v from_o their_o own_o encroachment_n upon_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o common_a law_n so_o that_o they_o do_v not_o only_o unjust_o encroach_v but_o complain_v also_o of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o do_v of_o justice_n in_o these_o case_n the_o particular_a authority_n promiscuous_o allege_v by_o sr._n edward_n coke_n be_v distinct_o insert_v in_o the_o chapter_n follow_v in_o such_o place_n as_o they_o seem_v to_o concern_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n asserted_n that_o in_o all_o place_n where_o navigation_n and_o trade_n by_o sea_n have_v be_v in_o use_n and_o esteem_v 1_o and_o particular_o in_o england_n special_a law_n have_v be_v provide_v for_o regulate_v the_o same_o la_fw-fr mer_n a_o ses_fw-fr loix_fw-fr comme_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr vâ—â—ces_n the_o sea_n say_v godfrey_n a_o learned_a author_n have_v its_o law_n as_o well_o as_o the_o land_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o navigation_n be_v no_o soon_o invent_v and_o man_n have_v experience_n of_o the_o commodity_n proceed_v from_o negotiation_n by_o sea_n but_o they_o establish_v law_n for_o the_o maintain_n and_o regulate_v the_o same_o so_o much_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o what_o be_v observable_a from_o the_o use_n and_o practice_n first_o of_o those_o nation_n and_o state_n which_o border_n on_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o second_o of_o those_o which_o confine_v on_o the_o western_a ocean_n and_o the_o sea_n northward_o touch_v the_o first_o among_o the_o grecian_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o â—sle_n of_o rhodes_n have_v be_v most_o eminent_a for_o their_o policy_n in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o sea_n mamlia_fw-la cicero_n say_v rhodiorum_n usque_fw-la ad_fw-la nostram_fw-la memoriam_fw-la discipliplina_fw-la navalis_fw-la &_o gloria_fw-la remansit_fw-la and_o constantinus_n harmenopulus_n a_o famous_a judge_n at_o thesolonica_fw-la and_o conservatour_n of_o the_o law_n there_o give_v that_o credit_n to_o their_o law_n that_o he_o affirm_v 11._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n all_o business_n concern_v navigation_n and_o all_o cause_n concern_v thing_n do_v at_o sea_n be_v decide_v by_o the_o rhodian_a law_n
recite_v in_o the_o solemn_a form_n of_o the_o admiral_n commission_n by_o mr._n selden_n as_o sufficient_a to_o his_o purpose_n and_o then_o say_v he_o follow_v many_o thing_n declare_v that_o most_o ample_a power_n and_o jurisdiction_n among_o which_o be_v express_v in_o civil_a cause_n that_o to_o he_o it_o be_v grant_v ad_fw-la cognoscendum_fw-la de_fw-la placitis_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o hold_v conusance_n of_o plea_n debt_n bill_n of_o exchange_n policy_n of_o assurance_n account_n charter-party_n contraction_n bill_n of_o lade_n and_o all_o other_o contract_n which_o may_v any_o way_n concern_v money_n due_a for_o freight_n of_o ship_n hire_v and_o let_v to_o hire_v money_n lend_v to_o be_v pay_v beyond_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o hazard_n of_o the_o lender_n and_o also_o of_o any_o cause_n business_n or_o injury_n whatsoever_o have_v or_o do_v in_o or_o upon_o or_o through_o the_o sea_n or_o public_a river_n or_o fresh_a water_n stream_n havens_n and_o place_n subject_a to_o overflow_a whatsoever_o within_o the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o sea_n upon_o the_o shore_n or_o bank_n whatsoever_o adjoin_v to_o they_o or_o either_o of_o they_o from_o any_o the_o say_v first_o bridge_n whatsoever_o towards_o the_o sea_n throughout_o our_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n or_o our_o dominion_n aforesaid_a or_o else_o where_o beyond_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o any_o port_n beyond_o the_o sea_n whatsoever_o with_o divers_a other_o clause_n contain_v power_n of_o coercion_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o that_o jurisdiction_n by_o the_o commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n grant_v likewise_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 28_o of_o henry_n the_o 8._o chap._n 15._o and_o other_o statute_n for_o the_o punish_n of_o offence_n and_o matter_n criminal_a commit_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n power_n be_v grant_v in_o the_o king_n name_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v de_fw-fr omnibus_fw-la &_o singulis_fw-la proditionibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n of_o all_o and_o singular_a treason_n robbery_n murder_n felony_n and_o confederacy_n etc._n etc._n as_o well_o in_o and_o upon_o the_o sea_n or_o any_o river_n port_n or_o freshwater_n creek_n or_o place_n whatsoever_o within_o the_o flow_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o the_o full_a beneath_o the_o first_o bridge_n towards_o the_o sea_n as_o upon_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o elsewhere_o within_o the_o king_n maritime_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o same_o as_o well_o against_o the_o peace_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n as_o against_o the_o king_n law_n statute_n and_o ordinance_n of_o the_o king_n court_n of_o admiralty_n and_o also_o touch_v all_o and_o singular_a other_o matter_n which_o concern_v merchant_n owner_n and_o proprietary_n of_o ship_n master_n shipman_n mariner_n shipwright_n fisherman_n workman_n labourer_n saylour_n servitor_n or_o any_o other_o 3_o that_o in_o all_o place_n where_o judge_n have_v be_v appoint_v for_o sea_n business_n as_o also_o in_o england_n certain_a cause_n viz._n such_o as_o have_v relation_n to_o navigation_n and_o negotiation_n by_o sea_n have_v be_v hold_v proper_a for_o their_o conusance_n maritime_a law_n say_v godeâ—ry_a concern_v person_n or_o deal_n between_o merchant_n and_o seaman_n varlet_n which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o subject_a matter_n of_o the_o several_a law_n mention_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n and_o what_o appear_v to_o have_v belong_v to_o the_o office_n of_o maritime_a judge_n among_o the_o grecian_n cause_n happen_v betwixt_o merchant_n and_o seaman_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d cause_n concerconcern_v trade_n 〈◊〉_d as_o julius_n pollux_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o suidas_n testify_v the_o rhodian_a law_n although_o as_o they_o be_v now_o extant_a be_v not_o rank_v under_o distinct_a head_n or_o title_n yet_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o particular_n as_o first_o concern_v hire_v &_o freight_v of_o ship_n second_o concern_v transport_v passenger_n and_o good_n three_o touch_v the_o delivery_n ad_fw-la discharge_v the_o thing_n receive_v in_o good_a condition_n four_o touch_v contribution_n for_o loss_n in_o common_a danger_n and_o for_o savage_a of_o good_n five_o for_o borrow_v and_o trust_v of_o money_n for_o sea-voyage_n six_o concern_v mariner_n duty_n their_o wage_n and_o the_o like_a the_o same_o be_v the_o matter_n take_v into_o cosideration_n deprecatio_fw-la when_o the_o roman_a senate_n enter_v into_o a_o consultation_n to_o settle_v the_o business_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o when_o tiberius_n claudius_n have_v signify_v to_o they_o that_o the_o seaman_n and_o merchant_n trade_v by_o sea_n have_v beseech_v he_o that_o such_o business_n which_o be_v incident_a to_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v reduce_v into_o some_o order_n nero_n than_o a_o senator_n advise_v that_o some_o may_v be_v send_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o rhodes_n who_o shall_v diligent_o inquire_v and_o take_v notice_n of_o what_o be_v there_o observe_v concern_v mariner_n seaman_n merchant_n and_o passenger_n good_n put_v on_o board_n ship_n partnership_n building_n buy_v or_o sell_v of_o ship_n entrust_v gold_n and_o silver_n and_o divers_a other_o thing_n all_o which_o be_v do_v according_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o title_n of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n into_o which_o the_o rhodian_a law_n be_v insert_v and_o by_o the_o law_n touch_v sea_n affair_n which_o afterward_o the_o greek_a empire_n receive_v from_o the_o roman_n 33._o as_o in_o the_o title_n de_fw-fr nauticis_fw-la obligationibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n touch_v the_o obligation_n or_o duty_n of_o mariner_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o action_n which_o may_v be_v bring_v concern_v ship_n or_o those_o who_o sail_n in_o ship_n owner_n master_n or_o passenger_n moreover_o touch_v wreck_n of_o ship_n cast_v forth_o of_o good_n and_o contribution_n and_o also_o fisherman_n and_o fish_n the_o same_o business_n also_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o consolato_fw-la del_fw-it mare_fw-la in_o which_o be_v contain_v the_o statute_n and_o ordinance_n of_o ancient_a authority_n provide_v for_o all_o cause_n of_o merchandise_v and_o navigation_n as_o it_o be_v more_o full_o signify_v in_o a_o chapter_n of_o that_o book_n 24._o nello_n progresso_fw-la di_fw-it questo_fw-la libro_fw-la in_o the_o progress_n of_o this_o book_n it_o be_v declare_v how_o the_o master_n of_o ship_n ought_v to_o demean_v themselves_o towards_o merchant_n mariner_n stranger_n and_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o people_n which_o pass_v in_o their_o ship_n and_o also_o how_o merchant_n ought_v to_o perform_v with_o master_n of_o ship_n and_o how_o stranger_n and_o other_o ought_v to_o pay_v freight_v for_o the_o transport_v of_o their_o person_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o be_v make_v good_a in_o the_o particular_a ordinance_n and_o constitution_n therein_o contain_v the_o sea-lawe_n in_o the_o spanish_a partidaes_n have_v the_o same_o scope_n 9_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o title_n we_o intend_v here_o to_o speak_v of_o ship_v hire_v to_o undergo_v the_o adventure_n of_o tbe_n sea_n and_o we_o will_v show_v what_o thing_n the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n ought_v to_o observe_v towards_o the_o merchant_n and_o how_o the_o damage_n that_o shall_v happen_v to_o good_n cast_v over_o board_n by_o occasion_n of_o storm_n ought_v to_o be_v divide_v and_o of_o the_o price_n due_a for_o the_o hire_n of_o ship_n and_o of_o other_o matter_n with_o may_v concern_v the_o same_o affair_n so_o much_o be_v likewise_o signify_v in_o the_o title_n of_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n which_o in_o the_o edition_n annex_v to_o the_o custom_n of_o normandy_n be_v call_v ordonance_n royaul_v touchant_a le_fw-fr fait_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mere_n as_o also_o judgement_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mere_a des_fw-fr nef_n des_fw-fr mariner_n &_o aussi_fw-fr des_fw-fr merchant_n &_o de_fw-fr tout_fw-fr leur_fw-fr estre_fw-fr and_o in_o the_o edition_n set_v out_o by_o peter_n garrias_fw-la la_fw-fr maniere_n comme_fw-fr les_fw-fr maestres_fw-mi de_fw-fr navire_n the_o manner_n how_o master_n of_o ship_n merchant_n and_o mariner_n aught_o to_o regulate_v and_o govern_v themselves_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o roll_n of_o oleron_n notwithstanding_o these_o example_n of_o the_o usage_n of_o all_o other_o nation_n some_o among_o we_o as_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o determine_v that_o to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n no_o special_a or_o certain_a cause_n do_v belong_v so_o the_o lord_n hobard_fw-mi in_o aud_o and_o jenning_n case_n affirm_v that_o their_o jurisdiction_n be_v not_o in_o respect_n of_o any_o certain_a cause_n as_o the_o cause_n of_o tithe_n and_o testament_n be_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n but_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o place_n and_o no_o doubt_n but_o sir_n edward_n cook_n and_o other_o who_o talk_v so_o much_o of_o altum_fw-la mare_fw-la be_v
three_o touch_v this_o statute_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v what_o sir_n edward_n cook_n deliver_v out_o of_o plowdens_n commentary_n 330._o that_o the_o preamble_n of_o a_o statute_n be_v the_o key_n to_o open_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o act_n and_o the_o mischief_n which_o they_o intend_v to_o remedy_n now_o in_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n it_o â—s_v suggest_v that_o the_o admiral_n have_v encroacht_v divers_a jurisdiction_n and_o franchise_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n &_o other_o lord_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v conceive_v that_o the_o parliament_n intend_v only_o to_o restrain_v he_o from_o meddle_v in_o his_o court_n with_o such_o thing_n within_o the_o realm_n wherein_o he_o have_v encroacht_v upon_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o king_n and_o other_o lord_n which_o what_o those_o thing_n be_v it_o do_v no_o way_n appear_v but_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v or_o reasonable_o conceive_v that_o it_o be_v intend_v the_o admiral_n shall_v be_v debar_v from_o proceed_v in_o cause_n of_o navigation_n and_o negotiation_n by_o sea_n which_o never_o do_v belong_v to_o any_o other_o court_n of_o the_o king_n or_o other_o lord_n and_o be_v former_o hold_v proper_a for_o the_o conusance_n of_o the_o admiral_n and_o as_o thing_n be_v then_o state_v can_v not_o be_v hold_v encroachment_n so_o much_o may_v the_o rather_o be_v suppose_v because_o the_o statute_n restrain_v he_o from_o meddle_v with_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n but_o only_o with_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n further_o add_v according_a to_o what_o have_v be_v due_o use_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o noble_a prince_n king_n edward_n grandfather_n to_o the_o king_n which_o be_v king_n edward_n the_o three_o sir_n henry_n spâ—â—man_n write_v admiral_n that_o some_o man_n do_v conceive_v causarum_fw-la nauticarum_fw-la cognitionem_fw-la &_o forum_n rei_fw-la maritimae_fw-la quod_fw-la hodie_fw-la curiam_fw-la admiralitatis_fw-la vocant_fw-la sub_fw-la edwardo_n tertio_fw-la illuxisse_fw-la and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o in_o that_o king_n time_n who_o do_v many_o other_o glorious_a thing_n for_o the_o good_a of_o this_o nation_n the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n receive_v some_o setlement_n and_o grow_v more_o conspicuous_a than_o it_o be_v before_o but_o the_o constitution_n observe_v by_o mr._n selden_n in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o 142._o richard_n the_o first_o king_n john_n and_o edward_n the_o first_o do_v manifest_a that_o the_o court_n be_v much_o more_o ancient_a and_o sir_n edward_n cook_n to_o show_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n to_o have_v be_v long_o before_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o in_o who_o day_n he_o say_v that_o some_o have_v dream_v that_o it_o have_v begin_v recite_v the_o ancient_a record_n de_fw-fr superioritate_fw-la maris_fw-la 144._o before_o mention_v and_o likewise_o another_o quote_v also_o by_o mr._n seldâ—n_n 16._o wherein_o it_o be_v show_v that_o king_n edw._n the_o three_o in_o the_o 12_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v consult_v with_o all_o his_o judge_n ad_fw-la finem_fw-la quod_fw-la retineatur_fw-la &_o continuetur_fw-la ad_fw-la subditorum_fw-la prosecutionem_fw-la forma_fw-la procedendi_fw-la quondam_a domini_fw-la regis_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o form_n of_o proceed_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o subject_n begin_v and_o ordain_v by_o his_o grandfather_n king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o his_o counsel_n for_o retain_v and_o preserve_v the_o ancient_a sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o office_n of_o the_o admiralty_n in_o the_o same_o may_v be_v resume_v and_o continue_v touch_v the_o correct_v interpret_n and_o declare_v the_o law_n and_o statute_n late_o ordain_v for_o the_o maintain_n of_o peace_n and_o justice_n among_o the_o people_n of_o all_o nation_n whatsoever_o pass_v through_o the_o english_a sea_n and_o for_o punish_v of_o offence_n and_o for_o give_v of_o satisfaction_n to_o such_o as_o be_v damnify_v which_o law_n and_o statute_n be_v correct_v declare_v interpret_v and_o publish_v by_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n in_o his_o return_n from_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o be_v entitle_v le_fw-fr ley_n oleron_n in_o the_o french_a tongue_n and_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o law_n be_v continue_v all_o that_o king_n time_n in_o regard_n that_o in_o the_o 49_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o select_a seaman_n for_o the_o inquisition_n at_o quinborough_n in_o the_o conclusion_n say_v that_o touch_v some_o business_n propose_v in_o the_o article_n of_o the_o inquisition_n they_o know_v no_o better_o advise_v nor_o remedy_n than_o that_o which_o have_v be_v former_o use_v and_o practise_v after_o the_o manner_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n all_o which_o be_v admit_v and_o due_o consider_v it_o may_v be_v presume_v that_o such_o cause_n as_o do_v original_o by_o civil_a law_n belong_v to_o the_o admiralty_n and_o what_o former_a king_n have_v ancient_o ordain_v for_o the_o regulate_v of_o the_o same_o as_o likewise_o such_o as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o matter_n decide_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o oleron_n and_o what_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o inquisition_n take_v at_o quinborough_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o be_v within_o the_o conusance_n of_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o consequent_o the_o same_o be_v permit_v to_o be_v try_v and_o determine_v in_o the_o same_o court_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o of_o rich._n 2._o touch_v the_o judgement_n judicial_a act_n and_o book-case_n intend_v to_o restrain_v the_o admiral_n of_o england_n in_o exercise_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n as_o it_o be_v grant_v in_o the_o king_n commission_n it_o may_v be_v answer_v in_o general_a first_o that_o those_o judgement_n judicial_a act_n etc._n etc._n be_v in_o cause_n of_o difference_n in_o respect_n of_o jurisdiction_n betwixt_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n and_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o it_o be_v incident_a to_o all_o profession_n where_o there_o be_v any_o competition_n or_o emulation_n with_o other_o to_o incline_v to_o that_o which_o be_v most_o to_o their_o advantage_n second_o such_o judgement_n sand_n book-case_n have_v be_v ground_v upon_o the_o common_a understanding_n of_o the_o statute_n without_o any_o notice_n or_o respect_n to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o the_o condition_n of_o maritime_a cause_n the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o place_n be_v the_o chief_a rule_n by_o which_o they_o have_v be_v frame_v three_o that_o many_o of_o they_o upon_o due_a examination_n may_v be_v find_v not_o so_o conclude_v as_o they_o be_v pretend_v and_o although_o much_o respect_n and_o reverence_n be_v due_a to_o the_o author_n yet_o we_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o believe_v that_o their_o judgement_n be_v infallible_a four_o that_o the_o judicial_a proceed_n as_o prohibition_n be_v the_o result_v of_o the_o former_a authority_n they_o may_v be_v weigh_v according_o last_o touch_v the_o main_a piece_n sir_n edward_n cook_n articuli_fw-la admiralitatis_fw-la carry_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o resolution_n of_o all_o â—â—e_v judge_n touch_v the_o matter_n therein_o contain_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o they_o very_o much_o differ_v from_o the_o concession_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n 1575._o and_o from_o the_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n the_o 18_o of_o february_n 1632_o subscribe_v unto_o by_o they_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o king_n charles_n and_o twenty_o lord_n of_o his_o counsel_n the_o particular_a authority_n which_o may_v be_v collect_v out_o of_o sr._n edward_n cook_n note_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n have_v no_o conusance_n of_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n but_o only_o of_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n be_v as_o follow_v 1_o that_o in_o the_o 2_o rich._n 2._o hibernici_n sunt_fw-la sub_fw-la admirallo_fw-la angliae_fw-la de_fw-la facto_fw-la super_fw-la alto_fw-mi mari._n 2_o that_o the_o 7_o rich._n 2._o in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n bring_v for_o a_o ship_n and_o merchandises_n take_v away_o the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o he_o do_v take_v they_o en_fw-fr le_fw-fr haut_fw-fr mer_n ou_fw-fr les_fw-fr norman_n que_fw-fr la_fw-fr enemis_fw-fr la_fw-fr roy_fw-fr and_o it_o be_v allow_v a_o good_a plea_n 3_o that_o fortescue_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n the_o six_o say_v siquae_fw-la super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la extra_fw-la corpus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la in_o placito_fw-la coram_fw-la admirallo_fw-la deducantur_fw-la per_fw-la testes_fw-la terminari_fw-la debent_fw-la 4_o that_o dyer_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n mary_n say_v that_o by_o the_o libel_n in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n the_o case_n be_v suppose_v to_o commence_v sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr haut_fw-fr mer_fw-fr &_o intra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la de_fw-fr l'_fw-fr admiralty_n to_o these_o authority_n may_v be_v answer_v in_o general_a first_o that_o
whereas_o some_o of_o they_o speak_v of_o altum_fw-la mare_fw-la the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o of_o rich._n 2._o have_v no_o such_o attribute_n but_o mention_n simple_o the_o sea_n 2_o that_o the_o same_o authority_n grant_v that_o the_o admiral_n have_v jurisdiction_n on_o the_o sea_n do_v not_o declare_v much_o less_o conclude_v that_o he_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n elsewhere_o and_o as_o to_o the_o particular_n 1_o the_o authority_n of_o 2_o rich._n 2._o which_o affirm_v that_o the_o irish_a be_v subject_a to_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n for_o a_o thing_n do_v on_o the_o sea_n mention_n not_o for_o what_o kind_n of_o thing_n and_o happy_o it_o may_v be_v for_o some_o offence_n against_o the_o crown_n or_o against_o the_o peace_n in_o offer_v violence_n to_o the_o king_n subject_n or_o the_o subject_n of_o his_o ally_n and_o in_o such_o case_n it_o may_v be_v understand_v that_o he_o have_v jurisdiction_n over_o the_o irish_a as_o over_z the_o subject_n of_o england_n and_o other_o nation_n only_o extend_v to_o the_o high_a sea_n but_o it_o can_v from_o thence_o be_v argue_v but_o that_o if_o it_o be_v a_o business_n concern_v navigation_n or_o negotiation_n by_o sea_n he_o may_v also_o have_v have_v jurisdiction_n over_o the_o irish_a as_o well_o as_o over_o other_o person_n not_o only_a supper_n alto_fw-mi mari_fw-fr but_o also_o in_o other_o place_n elsewhere_o 2_o the_o plea_n to_o the_o action_n of_o trespass_n in_o the_o 7_o rich._n the_o 2._o may_v be_v good_a and_o allow_v in_o two_o respect_n first_o in_o regard_n the_o thing_n be_v do_v where_o the_o country_n can_v take_v no_o notice_n and_o therefore_o no_o jury_n by_o twelve_o man_n can_v be_v have_v second_o in_o regard_n the_o ship_n and_o good_n be_v take_v from_o the_o king_n enemy_n against_o who_o no_o trespass_n can_v be_v commit_v because_o that_o to_o offend_v they_o any_o way_n be_v lawful_a and_o in_o that_o respect_n the_o plea_n may_v have_v be_v allow_v although_o the_o ship_n and_o merchandise_n have_v be_v take_v in_o a_o port_n or_o navigable_a river_n 3._o whereas_o fortescue_n say_v that_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o high_a sea_n prosecute_v before_o the_o admiral_n aught_o to_o be_v determine_v according_a to_o the_o proof_n make_v by_o witness_n and_o no_o more_o sir_n edward_z cook_n affirm_v that_o it_o prove_v by_o express_a word_n that_o the_o admiralty_n be_v confine_v to_o the_o high_a sea_n fortescue_n have_v give_v reason_n for_o trial_n by_o jury_n when_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o country_n can_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o business_n grant_v that_o for_o thing_n do_v in_o other_o place_n the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v allow_v of_o proof_n by_o witness_n as_o in_o cause_n commence_v before_o the_o admiral_n for_o thing_n do_v on_o the_o high_a sea_n and_o likewise_o before_o the_o constable_n for_o thing_n do_v beyond_o the_o sea_n so_o that_o it_o be_v evident_a he_o do_v no_o more_o express_o confine_v the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n to_o the_o high_a sea_n than_o he_o do_v the_o constable_n to_o place_n beyond_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v notorious_a that_o his_o jurisdiction_n extend_v to_o deed_n of_o war_n and_o arm_n within_o the_o land_n as_o it_o will_v be_v prove_v that_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n likewise_o to_o matter_n of_o navigation_n and_o negotiation_n by_o sea_n 4_o touch_v the_o authority_n of_o dyer_n that_o by_o libel_n in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n the_o case_n be_v surmise_v to_o commence_v sur_fw-fr la_fw-fr haut_fw-fr mer_fw-fr etc._n etc._n it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o libel_n in_o the_o admiralty_n sometime_o as_o the_o business_n fall_v out_o declare_v super_fw-la alto_fw-mi mari_fw-fr &_o infra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la curiae_fw-la but_o ordinary_o cause_n be_v lay_v only_o intra_fw-la fluxum_fw-la &_o refluxum_fw-la maris_fw-la &_o jurisdictionem_fw-la curiae_fw-la and_o general_o the_o cause_n be_v no_o otherwise_o describe_v but_o a_o contra_fw-la b._n in_fw-la causa_fw-la civili_fw-la &_o maritima_n 5_o that_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n may_v hold_v conusance_n of_o contract_n and_o write_n make_v at_o land_n touch_v business_n of_o navigation_n and_o trade_n by_o sea_n by_o a_o ancient_a record_n in_o the_o black_a book_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o which_o mr._n selden_n take_v notice_n it_o appear_v 557._o that_o it_o be_v ordain_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o his_o lord_n at_z hastings_z que_fw-fr comment_n diuâ—rs_a signior_n avoient_fw-fr franchese_n etc._n etc._n that_o although_o diâ—ers_v lord_n have_v â—ivers_a franchise_n to_o try_v plea_n in_o port_n yet_o that_o neither_o their_o steward_n nor_o bailiff_n shall_v hold_v any_o plea_n if_o it_o concern_v merchant_n or_o mariner_n as_o well_o for_o matter_n of_o fact_n as_o of_o ship_n obligation_n and_o other_o dâ—edâ—_n which_o although_o it_o extend_v only_o to_o inferior_a lord_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v do_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n in_o such_o matter_n second_o by_o commission_n from_o time_n to_o time_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o the_o admiral_n power_n be_v give_v ad_fw-la cognoscendum_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o hold_v the_o conusance_n of_o charter-party_n policy_n of_o assurance_n bill_n of_o bottomry_n bill_n of_o lade_n and_o of_o sale_n of_o ship_n three_o the_o cause_n and_o suit_n arise_v by_o occasion_n of_o business_n contain_v in_o such_o write_n have_v in_o all_o observable_a time_n and_o place_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v maritime_a and_o the_o conusance_n of_o they_o have_v be_v allow_v to_o martim_fw-la court_n as_o it_o have_v be_v before_o full_o show_v and_o it_o may_v be_v further_o consider_v that_o such_o contract_n and_o write_n have_v their_o original_a from_o ancient_a maritime_a law_n &_o be_v both_o in_o name_n and_o nature_n thing_n foreign_a to_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o so_o much_o may_v be_v gather_v from_o the_o order_n which_o wesâ—_n observe_v in_o his_o book_n of_o precedent_n where_o after_o the_o form_n of_o deed_n and_o contract_n proper_a to_o the_o common_a law_n he_o handle_v those_o which_o concern_v merchandize_v and_o trade_n by_o sea_n as_o thing_n of_o a_o distinct_a and_o several_a nature_n touch_v the_o particular_n first_o charter-party_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v derive_v from_o the_o rhodian_a law_n by_o which_o it_o be_v provide_v si_fw-mi quis_fw-la naâ—em_fw-la conduxerit_fw-la instrumenta_fw-la consignata_fw-la sunto_fw-la if_o any_o man_n shall_v hire_v a_o ship_n let_v there_o be_v write_n draw_v and_o seal_v thereupon_o there_o be_v likewise_o mention_v of_o charter-party_n in_o the_o role_n of_o oleron_n and_o in_o the_o french_a late_a ordinance_n make_v for_o the_o reglement_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o france_n and_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o no_o mention_n of_o they_o can_v be_v find_v in_o any_o law_n or_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n until_o the_o 32_o of_o king_n henry_n the_o 8._o cap._n 14._o where_o the_o conusance_n of_o they_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o admiralty_n as_o it_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o show_v moreover_o malines_n confirm_v that_o ancient_o in_o charter-party_n it_o be_v express_v 21._o that_o the_o content_n thereof_o shall_v be_v understand_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n and_o at_o this_o time_n there_o be_v clause_n usual_o insert_v into_o they_o enjoin_v that_o the_o merchant_n beside_o the_o payment_n of_o freight_n shall_v make_v allowance_n for_o primage_n average_n and_o pettelodmenage_n thing_n no_o where_o occur_v in_o the_o book_n of_o common_a law_n and_o ancient_o determinable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n second_o policy_n of_o assurance_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o allow_v a_o action_n for_o the_o undertake_n a_o hazard_n which_o be_v doubtful_a for_o reward_n or_o consideration_n first_o give_v which_o be_v common_o call_v a_o praemio_fw-la they_o be_v of_o late_a civillian_n call_v sponsiones_fw-la mercatoriae_n and_o assecurationes_fw-la 24_o which_o malines_n affirm_v be_v take_v up_o in_o this_o kingdom_n from_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n practise_v on_o the_o sea_n coast_v of_o france_n but_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o now_o they_o be_v likewise_o in_o use_n in_o venice_n naples_n genua_n ancona_n spain_n and_o portugal_n and_o in_o other_o place_n where_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v regulate_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o consolato_fw-la and_o law_n of_o oleron_n three_o bill_n of_o bottomry_n when_o a_o owner_n or_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n to_o furnish_v his_o voyage_n take_v up_o money_n upon_o extraordinary_a interest_n to_o be_v pay_v when_o the_o ship_n arrive_v at_o the_o port_n appoint_v and_o thereby_o engage_v his_o ship_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o same_o be_v ground_v on_o the_o ancient_a grecian_a and_o roman_a law_n julius_n pollux_n a_o learned_a expositor_n of_o term_n or_o word_n use_v among_o
award_v second_o if_o suit_n be_v before_o the_o admiral_n for_o freight_n or_o mariner_n wage_n or_o for_o breach_n of_o charter-party_n for_o voyage_n to_o be_v make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n though_o the_o charter-party_n happen_v to_o be_v make_v within_o the_o realm_n so_o as_o the_o penalty_n be_v not_o demand_v a_o prohibition_n be_v not_o to_o be_v grant_v but_o if_o the_o suit_n be_v for_o penalty_n or_o if_o question_n be_v make_v whether_o the_o charter-party_n be_v make_v or_o no_o or_o whether_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v release_v or_o otherwise_o discharge_v the_o same_o within_o the_o realm_n this_o be_v to_o be_v try_v in_o the_o king_n court_n and_o not_o in_o the_o admiralty_n three_o if_o suit_n be_v in_o the_o admiralty_n for_o building_n amend_v save_v or_o necessary_a victual_v of_o a_o ship_n against_o the_o ship_n itself_o and_o not_o against_o any_o party_n by_o name_n but_o such_o as_o for_o his_o interest_n make_v himself_o a_o party_n no_o prohibition_n be_v to_o be_v grant_v though_o this_o be_v do_v within_o the_o realm_n four_o although_o of_o some_o cause_n arise_v upon_o the_o thames_n beneath_o the_o bridge_n and_o divers_a other_o river_n beneath_o the_o first_o bridge_n the_o king_n court_n have_v conusance_n yet_o the_o admiral_n also_o have_v jurisdiction_n there_o in_o the_o point_n especial_o mention_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o 15._o of_o richard_n 2._o and_o also_o by_o exposition_n and_o equity_n thereof_o he_o may_v inquire_v of_o and_o redress_v all_o annoyance_n and_o obstruction_n that_o be_v or_o may_v be_v any_o impediment_n to_o navigation_n and_o passage_n to_o or_o from_o the_o sea_n and_o also_o to_o try_v personal_a contract_n and_o injury_n do_v there_o which_o concern_v navigation_n on_o the_o sea_n and_o no_o prohibition_n be_v to_o be_v grant_v in_o such_o case_n five_o if_o any_o be_v imprison_v and_o upon_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la bring_v it_o be_v certify_v that_o any_o of_o these_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o imprisonment_n the_o party_n shall_v be_v remaund_v subscribe_v the_o 4._o feb._n 1632._o by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o both_o bench_n sir_n george_n crook_n report_v be_v publish_v by_o sir_n harbotle_n grimston_n be_v approve_v and_o allow_v as_o for_o the_o common_a benefit_n by_o the_o judge_n then_o be_v viz._n by_o john_n glynn_n oliver_n st._n john_n edward_n atkins_n robert_n nicholas_n matthew_n hales_n hugh_n windham_n peter_n warburton_n and_o john_n parker_n it_o may_v be_v presume_v that_o what_o so_o many_o person_n eminent_a both_o for_o their_o place_n and_o also_o for_o their_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n do_v so_o deliberate_o and_o cautious_o resolve_v upon_o and_o other_o of_o like_a quality_n have_v countenance_v aught_o to_o be_v receive_v and_o respect_v as_o sufficient_a authority_n as_o to_o those_o point_n whereof_o they_o do_v declare_v their_o resolution_n notwithstanding_o the_o confident_a opinion_n of_o any_o other_o either_o private_a or_o singular_a person_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o that_o the_o king_n majesty_n and_o his_o counsel_n approbation_n be_v add_v thereunto_o shall_v be_v of_o force_n enough_o to_o settle_v all_o doubt_n and_o difference_n concern_v the_o same_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o ancient_o as_o before_o be_v show_v the_o king_n of_o england_n with_o their_o council_n only_o have_v make_v constitution_n concern_v the_o admiralty_n and_o that_o in_o point_n of_o jurisdiction_n and_o it_o be_v apparent_a by_o the_o ancient_a record_n cite_v both_o by_o mr._n selden_n and_o sir_n edward_n cook_n that_o the_o most_o famous_a prince_n king_n edward_z the_o 3._o in_o who_o time_n the_o admiralty_n receive_v its_o chief_a establishment_n in_o the_o 12._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v consult_v and_o advise_v with_o his_o council_n and_o his_o judge_n concern_v the_o same_o and_o it_o may_v seem_v strange_a 2._o that_o whereas_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13._o of_o richard_n the_o 2._o who_o act_n be_v insist_v upon_o as_o the_o great_a obstruction_n to_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n the_o king_n council_n alone_o be_v enable_v to_o decide_v what_o belong_v to_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n jurisdiction_n the_o king_n himself_o with_o his_o council_n and_o judge_n shall_v not_o have_v as_o much_o power_n to_o determine_v what_o belong_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o admiral_n 8_o that_o the_o court_n and_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a law_n do_v intermeddle_v and_o interrupt_v the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n in_o cause_n proper_o belong_v to_o the_o same_o hitherto_o it_o have_v be_v endeavour_v to_o be_v make_v appear_v that_o the_o proceed_n in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n in_o the_o chief_a point_n in_o difference_n with_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n may_v consist_v with_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n it_o may_v now_o be_v take_v into_o consideration_n how_o far_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o court_n and_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a law_n in_o intermeddle_v with_o cause_n proper_o belong_v to_o the_o admiralty_n and_o in_o obstruct_v the_o proceed_n of_o that_o court_n may_v be_v justify_v by_o the_o former_a be_v intend_v their_o draw_v of_o such_o cause_n by_o action_n of_o trover_n and_o of_o trespass_n to_o their_o conusance_n by_o the_o late_a their_o disparage_n of_o stipulation_n and_o prescribe_v the_o form_n of_o libel_n in_o such_o cause_n the_o former_a may_v the_o rather_o be_v insist_v upon_o in_o regard_n sir_n edward_n cook_n do_v so_o often_o and_o so_o earnest_o in_o general_n inveigh_v against_o the_o encroach_a of_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n upon_o the_o business_n belong_v to_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n and_o in_o particular_a where_o he_o charge_v that_o in_o the_o bless_a time_n of_o peace_n those_o who_o belong_v to_o that_o court_n want_v business_n proper_a to_o that_o jurisdiction_n do_v encroach_v upon_o matter_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n court_n lest_o they_o shall_v sit_v idle_a and_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v the_o like_a practice_n of_o encroach_a being_n far_o more_o unexcusable_a in_o those_o who_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n court_n which_o do_v always_o abound_v with_o business_n sufficient_a for_o the_o same_o concern_v the_o action_n of_o trover_n among_o the_o grievance_n complain_v of_o by_o the_o admiral_n 8_o jacob_n it_o be_v present_v in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o whereas_o the_o conusance_n of_o all_o contract_n and_o other_o thing_n do_v on_o the_o sea_n belong_v to_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n the_o same_o be_v make_v triable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n by_o suppose_v the_o same_o to_o have_v be_v do_v in_o cheapside_n or_o such_o place_n and_o under_o favour_n the_o answer_n thereunto_o be_v neither_o clear_a nor_o direct_v nor_o to_o the_o purpose_n for_o the_o ground_n of_o that_o answer_n be_v lay_v that_o the_o admiral_n have_v no_o conusance_n of_o any_o thing_n do_v within_o any_o county_n it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o material_a whether_o the_o place_n be_v upon_o the_o water_n infra_fw-la fluxum_fw-la aquae_fw-la but_o whether_o it_o be_v upon_o any_o water_n within_o the_o county_n wherefore_o it_o be_v acknowledge_v that_o of_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n out_o of_o any_o county_n the_o admiral_n ought_v to_o have_v jurisdiction_n and_o that_o no_o precedent_n can_v be_v show_v that_o any_o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v for_o any_o contract_n plea_n or_o quarrel_n for_o any_o maritine_n cause_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n in_o this_o answer_v it_o be_v confess_v that_o the_o admiral_n ought_v to_o have_v jurisdiction_n of_o thing_n do_v on_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o no_o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v for_o any_o such_o cause_n but_o whether_o by_o the_o supposal_n or_o fiction_n of_o a_o ship_n arrive_v in_o cheapside_n the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n do_v hold_v plea_n of_o thing_n do_v on_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v nether_a confess_v nor_o deny_v much_o less_o be_v there_o any_o reason_n give_v for_o the_o same_o where_o it_o be_v say_v it_o be_v not_o material_a whether_o the_o place_n be_v upon_o the_o water_n infra_fw-la fluxum_fw-la &_o refluxum_fw-la aquae_fw-la but_o whether_o it_o be_v upon_o any_o water_n within_o the_o county_n that_o may_v be_v true_a in_o respect_n that_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o all_o thing_n do_v in_o the_o county_n belong_v to_o the_o conusance_n of_o the_o common_a law_n but_o when_o the_o place_n where_o a_o thing_n be_v do_v belong_v apparent_o to_o anothe_v jurisdiction_n which_o pretend_v as_o well_o to_o the_o right_n of_o the_o place_n as_o to_o the_o right_n of_o the_o cause_n the_o place_n of_o the_o action_n can_v in_o no_o way_n be_v suppress_v and_o another_o suggest_v in_o the_o room_n thereof_o for_o if_o that_o be_v permit_v the_o one_o jurisdiction_n be_v the_o great_a a_o more_o potent_a