This colour by the agréement of the Phisitions is as the colour of the lunges when the same is newlye drawne forth of a beast that is properly named wanne of colour The same of the lunges which after the drawing forth beginneth to putrifie and swell vp and a wanne or leadie colour appeareth in the same Here note that the Phisiognomer wylleth a man to beware and take héede of the like coloured persons in that these are verie euil wicked if so be these in habitude as Cocles reporteth be not laudable or comely Such a colour the Phisiognomer noted in sundrie Cardinals that were verie wicked in their déedes Yea these of like colour he noted to be drunkards luxurious and practisers of false and wicked matters without anye shame as the like of experience the Phisiognomer reporteth to haue knowne He further wryteth that the Melancholicke aduste are leacherous vnlearned and exercyse swynishe condicions when as their heades be spericall or Pineaple lyke and hauing fatte chéekes Yea when the adustion is ouermuch then such incurre and fall into a frensinesse The Phisiognomer noted yea he iudged before the learned sundrie of a like complexion that became foolishe and of these two were Students at that time who after the increase of this melancholy became foolishe according to the iudgement of the Phisiognomer The eies small doe argue such a person to bée peruerse foolish and faynt hearted applyed of the Philosopher to the Ape the reason is in that when the creature is hotte and drye he is then malycious of the humours and spyrites and is a betrayer through the hotenesse and drinesse proceeding of the Chollericke adustyon For which cause such are deceyuers and partake of the Melancholye humours of which fearefulnesse and foolishnesse ensueth through a drynesse The déepenesse of the eies procéedeth through a drinesse which dryeth vp the moysture of the muscles and lygamentes Of which insueth a drawing togither into the inner partes and the braine to be exhausted And the paucitie of the matter of the eyes doth signifie in the moysture proportioned the dominion of drinesse and melancholye adust or a drinesse adustyue and for this are fearefull and deceyuers lyke to the Ape as the same experience demonstrateth Rasis reporteth in secundo ad Almansorem that many spottes in the eyes appearing doe indicate an euill person the rather when the eyes shall appeare variable of colour which signifieth the wickeder person For the varieties of the eies procéede not but of a hotnesse which cleuateth the vapours vnto the eyes of which how much the more the varietie of the eyes is so much the more doth the same argue an intensed hotnesse By that reason howe much the more dyuers the spottes are so much the more is the adustion and by the consequent declareth the varietie of humours and greater adustion and this doth manifest the adustion of the spirite of which the varieties of conditions procéede and the mightie heape of vices So that of the great varietie is the honest and lawdable iudgement debased or caused the woorser The looke of the eyes like to the woman causeth the same disposition as of such a complexion and is the same in conditions as the woman as luxurious and inuericundious for which cause such men of like nature be luxurious and inuericundious Of which Rasis reporteth that when the looke is like to a childes and that his whole face and eyes séeme or appeare as he smyled this is a light hearted person and giuen to mirth without taking care of the affayres of the world The eyes appearing wholy smyling as one laughing with therest of the face in like maner be flatterers luxurious yll reporters or slaunderers Some of this alledge a cause and report that the mirch and length of lyfe to procéede of a good complexion whose cause are the lawdable humours and purenesse of them through his agréement So that the cause of lyfe is hotnesse and moystnesse but of death coldnesse and drynesse The complexion of yong men is hote and moyst but of olde men colde and drye and the note of the same is that such which coeate much doe liue a short time and the gelded after nature longer than those not gelded and the aged men which haue much fleshe doe lyue longer in that the causes of much flesh is a hotnesse and moystnesse By which reason children that are hote and moyst be among other ages merrie and ioy through their complexion and be without cares of the minde So that such like to children in countinaunce are the like in complexion not be thincking earnest or waightie matters When the eyes appeare in rednesse to the burning coale such a person is noted to be wicked and obstinate the reason is in that the fyrie colour doth indicate a most intensed choller by reason of the hotnesse and he is vicious and obstinate as appeareth in the verses in the first place Whose eyes be in colour lyke to the Gotes eine is argued foolish the reason is that when a creature resembleth to anye beast such a person is of the like nature complexion and condicions as in many places afore like vttered So that such Gotes eine doe indicate foolyshnesse great simplicity The Phisiognomer many times looked on such a beast found the eyes somewhat variable with a certaine troubled matter about the ring sight of the eie which declared after his iudgement a complexion very fiegmaticke and watry of which fearefulnesse and foolishnesse insueth The eyes which are like to the Cowes eyne doe portende a madnesse to succéede in that creature séeing the eies lyke to Cowes eyne in men do argue a like complexion For the complexion of such a beast is colde and moyst of which the eyes are great so that through a coldnesse and moystnesse is the slownesse and dulnesse of vnderstanding caused of which a madnesse and simplicitie ensueth The eyes gray of colour to the skie drie séeming and dimmie such a person willeth the Philosopher that a man to eschue so nigh as he may for that this gray colour in drie eyes is a note of wicked persons The colour of the eyes which representeth the colour of Dile doth witnesse a strōg person The yelowishe colour of the eyes doth indicate a strong and stoute person The eyes appearing much blacke of colour is denoted to bée of a harde nature and fraudulent The déepenesse of the eies is through a drinesse drying the muscles and ligaments of which ensueth a gathering into the inner partes as afore vttered and the brain exhausted The eminencie of the eies representeth many obiects of which a péeuish discourse ensueth through a confusion of the obiects If the eyes shall be small prominent out like to the Creauis eyne doe denote the lewdnesse of conditions and foolishnesse The reason is in that the smalenesse of the eyes doth wytnesse the paucitie or littlenesse of matter but the emynencie of them doth indicate the ouermuch moysture in
of meates and the fumosities of them which dayly ascende on high vnto the partes of the Iawes much lyke to the smoke of an Ouen heated that passeth so long through the thincks of the same vntill those passages through the heate are wholy stopped that no more smoke can after passe through them Euen the like doe the fumosities of man issue forth into the maner of heares which are properly named the heares of the Bearde The colour of the Beard doth sometymes expresse the qualities quantityes of the humors yet hitherto hath not the same béene heard of that any man saw a flaxen white bearde for as much as the flegmaticke humor is not founde so mightie as to engender heares of the lyke colour through the depriuing and lack of naturall heate to â—leuate the sufficient matter vnto the engendring of the lyke coloured heares Here perhaps some will argue and affirme sayth the Phisiognomer that there is sundrie tymes séene women bearded yet these are not founde of a flegmaticke qualitie but rather the same doth happen in that the humors are so subtil that of nature such are procured to be hote For out of these creatures doe heares spring yea they sometymes appeare on their Iawes but properly these appeare about the mouth where the more heate doth abounde and such a woman séene the lyke is named of all men bearded here conceyue sayth Cocles that the like woman founde is iudged to be verie luxurious through hir hote and moyst qualitie of which the lyke creature séene is not onely noted strong of nature but to be of a stowte courage and manly in hir factes The persite woman is knowne to be sufficiently naked of heares especially about the mouth such a creature after Phisiognomie is reported and iudged to be of a good qualitie that is to say bashefull fearefull honest weake of courage gentle of behauiour and obedient Here sayth the Phisiognomer doth a solemne doubt arise and the same is why men are séene bearded not women for the more part which doubt séemeth to be put forth by the learned Gulielmus Nurice to which Cocles aunswereth in this maner that the same maye be gathered to procéede of the efficient the materiall and finall cause for as much as these properly serue vnto an ornament and comely bewtifying of the woman and in euerye kinde the Males are séene comelyer bewtisted with the same than the Females Which condition of the heares properly serueth vnto a defence of the iawes in man that the woman for the like defence and necessitie nothing néedeth at the least so much as the man through which the sense of féeling is knowne to be of greater force in man So that the man by this reason may better indure to go bareheaded and naked in other partes in the bitter colde weather than the woman and suffer greater stormes on the bodye than she maye without harme to insue A strenger reason maye be rendred and giuen of the effecient and materiall cause seing the Males in generall are knowne to be whoter than the Females For which cause the fume in men that is the matter precuring the heares is founde both more and mightier than in women which seing the same is knowne not able to be consumed for that cause God and nature togither ordayned two apt places in man for the passages of them as the one by the head other fitly by the chinne iawes which forme the beard of man Which maner fumes consisting in the woman for as much as they appeare not to be so many and mightie as well knowne they are to rest in the man for this cause are these properly and naturallye sent forth by the heade And a note of the like effect we sundrie â–ª times knowe and sée by women founde of a hote and moyste complexion that appeare bearded we sée contrariwise that in the colde and dry men these for the more part haue verie little or no beardes By which reason we gather sayth the Phisiognomer that the séemely beard waxeth not in the gelded person for as much as those partes haue then loste the benefite of their hotter qualitie through which these shoulde engender the hote humours and fumes that properly are the matter of the heares in them And by a like reason of the former wordes it appeareth that the thicknesse of the beard and great hearinesse in generall is an euidente note and iudgement of the substantiall heate and moysture and of naturall strength consisting in that creature Here may this argument also be propowned that seing children are knowne to be hote and moyst why they waxe not bearded as men to which doubt the Phisiognomer thus answereth that the smokie superfluousnesse which is the especiall matter of the heares that issueth forth of the heade and other partes of the bodye doth in them passe and serue to their increase and nourishment the like wordes in a maner appeare afore vttered by the singular Constantine Conceaue sayth the Phisiognomer that how much the plentie and force of heate consisteth so much the more store and quantitie of heares succeedeth in that creature For which cause a man must carefully beware of those persons which ouermuch abounde in the most great store and plentie of heares on the bodie when the complextion of such is especially founde adust The Phisiognomer Cocles wylleth a man to beware of those persons which haue a red beard in that the same coloured bearde indyeateth a heape an abundance of adustion and a mightie hotenesse to consist in these creatures through which such are knowne to be luxurious deceauers and lyars and in them by report of the Physiognomer doe the principall heape of vices rest vnlesse that grace godly education séeme otherwise to contrarie the abouesayde The bearde decerned comely and well fashioned doth innuate such a creature to be of a good nature of reasonable conditions congruent to all thinges and manered after his bringing vp Contrariwise iudge of them which haue the beard not séemely formed or euill fashioned in the length as appeare thin the gelded persons which after these are depryued of their genytours be then greatly chaunged from the nature of men into the condition of women as reporteth Aristotle in libro de Animalibus The singuler Phisiognomer Cocles obserued and noted in sundrie subiects which hauing long and séemely beardes came after certaine yeares vnto a frensinesse and some of them to be starcke foolishe The Phisiognomer also reporteth that he obserued and knewe sundrie creatures which possessing and hauing verie long beardes fell from their estate and were oppressed with myseries and these in his time yea he knewe and vnderstoode of certaine noble persons which were expelled their proper country and of these especially in the precincts of Italie The like iudgement sayth the Phisiognomer may in a maner be vttered of the beard decerned soone hoarie as afore was taught in the chapiter of the heares in generall for as muche as their
little to be a craftie beguiler The white prickes of the nayles to be wealthie and to haue manye friendes The blacke prickes in the nayles to be hated applied to the naturall cause Of the nayles of the toes The toes and nayles crooked to be vnshamefast applyed to the Byrdes The nayles thinne and well coloured to be of a good witte and honest condicioned The toes ioyning close togither to be fearefull applyed to the Quayle Of the nauill The space large from the bottom of the breast vnto the nauill to be dull of capacitie and a great féeder applyed to the naturall cause The space equall to be wittie and honest conditioned applyed to the naturall cause The stomacke from the nauill vnto the breast fleshie to be wicked after Polemone The same space soft and well compact to be stowte and high minded Of the ribbes The person well ribbed to be strong applied to the male kinde The ribbes narrow and weake compowned to be weake applyed to the female kinde The ribbes filled aboute as they were blowne vp to be full of wordes and foolish applyed to the Oxe and Frogge Of the loynes and Hypocondria The person well loyned to be a louer of the hunting of wilde beastes applyed to the Lion and Dogge The Hypocondria thinne and flatte to be fearefull applyed to the Frogge The Hypocondria fleshie vnapt to be taught Of the haunches and hippes The bones of the haunches bearing outwarde to be strong applied to the male kind The bones of the haunches slender to be feareful and weake applyed to the woman The hippes well sinewed to be strong applied to the male kinde The hippes fleshie to be weake applyed to the woman Of the Pecten The Pecten very hearie to be libidinous yet prosperous applyed to the naturall cause The Pecten very thinne of heare to be chaste applied to the naturall cause Of the buttockes The buttockes sharpe and bonie to be strong â–ª applyed to the male kinde The buttockes fleshie and fatte to be weake applyed to the woman The buttockes dried in fleshe to be euill conditioned applyed to the Ape Of the legges The legges bigge sinewed and brawned to be strong applyed to the male kinde Small sinewed to be libidinous applyed to Byrdes The legges bigge and euill fashioned to be vnshamefast The cawfes of the legges bigge to be an euill manered person The cawfes of the legges soft to bée most effeminate The legges slender to be dull of capacitie yet this fayleth often in the learned students The cawfes verie bigge bearing out to be sluggishe and rude manered The cawfes meanely bigge formed to be wittie and honest conditioned Of the knees The knées bigge to be an effeminate person applyed vnto the excessiue appearaunce of them The knees verye slender to be fearefull applyed vnto the excessiue appearance of them The knees bending forwarde to be effeminate applyed to the woman The knées fatte to be fearefull yet liberall The knées leane to be strong and hardie Of the ancles The ancles strong sinewed and brawned to be strong applyed to the male kinde The ancles much fleshie to be weake applied to the woman The ancles broade to be strong applyed to the naturall cause The partes about the ancles ouer fleshie to be foolishe applyed to the propertie The héeles very slender or thinne to be fearefull applyed to the propertie and condition of them Of the feete The féete strong sinewed and brawned to be strong applyed to the male kinde The féete weake sinewed and small to be effeminate applyed to the woman The inner partes of the soles of the féete not hollowe but so filled with flesh that they make no hollownesse at all in the steppe on the ground is noted to be craftie applyed to the naturall cause The féete bigge and fleshie to be foolishe of the naturall cause The féete thicke and short to be weake of the naturall cause The feete slender and short to be wicked of the natuall cause The féete ouer long to be wily of the naturall cause The féete fleshie and hard to be a dullarde of the naturall cause The féete small and fayre formed to be a fornicator applyed to the â–ª propertie of the note The féete much hearie to be leacherous and bolde applyed to the naturall cause The féete naked of heare to bée weake of strength and courage of the naturall cause Of the hearinesse of the partes The legges hearie to be venerious applyed to the Goate The breast and belly very hearie to be vnconstant applyed to the Byrdes The shoulders hearie to be the lyke vnconstant and applied to the Byrdes The back very hearie to be cruell applyed to the beastes The necke behinde hearie to be liberall and stowte applyed to the Lion. The heare of the eye browes ioyned togither to be a sadde person applyed to the passion The heares of the eye browes growing downe warde towarde the nose and spreading vpwarde vnto the temples to be foolishe applyed to the Sowe The heare of the heade standing straight vp to be fearefull applyed to the passion The heare of the heade very crisped to be fearefull applyed to the Moores The heares crisped at the endes to be strong and bolde applyed to the Lion. The heares turning vp in the vpper part of the foreheade to be liberall and stowte applyed to the Lion. The heares of the head plain to be simple Much heare of the heade and thicke to be an euill conditioned person Of the going and moouing The pace slowe and long to be wittie and strong The pace slow and short to be wittie yet weake The pace long and quick to be strong yet foolishe The pace short and quicke to be both foolishe and weake of strength The shoulders bending forwarde in going to be high minded applyed to the Lyon. The person going with the knées féete turning in to be weake of strength applyed to the woman In the talking wrything or shrugging the bodie hither and thither to be a flatterer applyed to the fawning Dogge Leaning vnto the right side in the going to be a Cynede applyed to the excessiue appearance The eyes quicke moouing to be gréedie and quicke catchers applied to the Hawke The eyes quick and often moouing with a â—â—eddinesse of the bodie to be wittie and of a readie vnderstanding applyed to the condition of the passion Of the personage and stature The person verye small of personage to bée quick witted and prompt in attayning any matter of the naturall cause Such verye bigge of personage to be of a dull capacitie and thereof hardly conceyuing of the contrary cause after Aristotle Small of personage and of a hote and drie qualitie chollericke to be vnapt readilye to conceyue and to iudge or decerne any matter rightly Small of personage and of a colde and moyste qualitye to bée apt to conceyue and readily to decerne of the contrary cause Bigge of personage and of a hote and drie qualitie to be wittie and readily to conceyue Bigge of personage and of a
piget immensos illum nauasse labores Quod quantum in sese est vtilis esse studet Vt gratis donat quaecunque haec munera praebet Sic voto satis est fi tibi gratus erit HEre Thomas Hill depainteth plaine the picture of the minde Which way you may by countenaunce the disposition finde Pervsing many monuments of auncient wryters hée Electing still that 's excellent doth imitate the Bée It nothing yrkes him labors great nor traueyles to bestowe In any thing he can deuise that profite séemes to showe As he doth gratis giue thée these what ere they séeme to bée So hath he all his with if he be gratefull vnto thée Thomas Hillus Londinensis ad proprium librum vt animo constanti iniurias multorum perferat Iliber videas ne te patientia vincat Inuida verba feras patiare sat est Nedum natus eras suspendebaris adunco Naso te verbis inuidus increpuit Quid faciet tandem cùm iam perfectus abibis In proprium iacet tela retorta caput Itamen parui facias haec garrula verba Dum placeas doctis hoc tibi sufficiat Thomas Turnerus ad candidum Lectorem FRontis vt est index speculum fic prorsus in ipsâ— Fronte velut speculo mentis imago patet Illud quisque suo tantum non lumine captus Perspicit at sapiens solus vtrumque videt Lumina nil Lyncis nil sunt specularia Momi Frons docet hic quicquid pectora clausa geruâ—â— The Bookes request MY sute good Reader is but small and such as I am sure Your courtesies on my behalfe may easily procure Your fauour is the thing I aske and nothing else I craue For that in lâ—e of traueyle done Hyll onely séeâ—th to haue A recompence sufficeing well and counteruayling aye The blacke reproch that Momus tongue enforceth day by daye To learned sort I onely sue I force not Momus ne Zoylus crue Antonius Molinus ad lectorem Tetrastichon 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â–ª Si studiose voles hominum cognoscere mores Ex hac multiplici corporis harmonia Haec animo voluat vigili noctesque diesque Auctorem rerum laudet vbique Deum Gulielmus Fildus in nomine Hilli ad quemuis Zoilum ZOile macrescas solus tua damna rependenâ— Non curaâ—n oster liuida verba liber A nullo petijt precibus flexitue fauorem Complicuit nullos in sua vota viros Zoile tu tibi sis flagrum sed tempore longo Quare age tu inuideas Zoile perpetuò To the gentle reader IF mightie Mountes and hautie hilles to forraine Nations brings Both ioy and welth by vertue of the fruite that thereon springs As well by rootes and sundrie herbes to ease the sicke of care As fountaynes mettals stones iemmes of vertue straunge and rare What cause haue we then in this I le to ioy with gladsome minde That haue a Hill wherein we may more precious iewels finde As for experience lo beholde here blazde before thine eyes A worthie Iem wherein we may with little exercise Suck out such sappe of learned skill as shall be for thy gaine And learne to shunne those ylles to come which may turne thée to paine And also thou thy luchie fate mayst learne so too foresée That by preferring of the same good haps may rise to thée Wherefore sith he this toyle hath tooke and for thée traueyles still Thou canst not choose but let him haue both thy good worde and will. M. N. AETATIS SUAE TH 42. A large and pleasant discourse of the whole Arte of Phisiognomie orderly vttering all the speciall parts of man from the head to the foote in a more ample maner than hytherto hath beene published Of Phisiognomie in generall Capit. j. THE PHILOSOpher Aristotle and Concylatour agree that to all lyuing creatures it is a matter common as to suffer and doe of a naturall inclination which as the same in beastes is named a violence euen so in men this is by a contrarie maner named an inclination For as much as by way of example in the Chollericke is knowne an inclination to yre in the Melancholick to feare in the Sanguine to mirth and in the Flegmatick to sluggishnesse All which inclinations are reported to be the vtterers both of the naturall motions and conditions in men which by reason and wisedome be well gouerned Which well appeared by Hypochrates who by his face was iudged wicked yet thorow Philosophie knowne to be well conditioned But in beasts for the lack of reason are these affections and conditions as Aristotle vttereth in his booke de secretis secretorum may not be gouerned in that they liue and perseuer after their sense and appetite By which euidently appeareth that Phisiognomie to be a necessarie and lawdable science seing by the same a man may so readily pronounce and foretell the naturall aptnesse vnto the affections and conditions in men by the outwarde notes of the bodie Which although a man may thus foretell the naturall motions and actuall conditions yet of this is it not accounted so perfite and firme a science seing by the same a man may erre in sundrie subiects hauing grace and wisedome But in that men for the more part doe lyue after a sensuall will in themselues and that none but the wise and godly which is by an inwarde working of the spirite doe lyue after reason For that cause is this Phisiognomy accounted and named a science which instructeth a man by the outwarde notes to foretell the naturall motions and actuall conditions that consist and dwell in many persons especially in those which lyue after their affection and appetites rather than gouerning themselues by reason And of this did the learned Bias Priaenias report that there lyued and were more of the wicked than of good persons in that so manye are ledde and moued after a sensuall will than procured by reason which causeth that man as Aristotle affirmeth to swarue and fall from a meane in many maners but the same is approched vnto and purchased by one maner of waye And two kinds there are of the notes as certaine which of the elementarie qualitie conceiued that vtter and signifie the affections of the minde as doth the hearinesse of the breast which is a note of yre through the hote heart And certayne are of propertie as the declyning of the head to the right side in the walking which is the note of a Cynede as Aristotle reporteth and this lyke is neyther gathered of a hote nor colde cause but of the propertie Yet doe the Perypatetickes as writeth Aristotle secundo priorum vtter that not any one affection to consist and be in man or any condition of nature but that a like note is outwardly to be séene on the bodye by which not onely that passion or condition maye be vttered but the fortune vnto good or euill by the accydentall notes may be iudged And although the spirite as vnto vnderstanding is from the bodye
eleuated yet as vnto the other partes and powers is the spirite comprehended of the bodie Although the inner affectes of the spirite can not be iudged by the outward notes of the body yet may the accydences of the spirite minde according to those which togither alter both spirite and body be iudged as Aristotle reporteth in secundo priorum Auerro is vttereth that the accidences not naturall cause no note but in the spirite as if any knoweth the Arte of Musick he hath the note in the spirite and not in bodie formed of the same The lookes also of men although they doe not differ in the essentiall kinde Yet doe these differ in the kinde accedentall So that the accidentall difference of lookes in man doth onely suffice for the difference of conditions But if anye shall here obiect that sentence written in the seuenth chapiter of saint Iohns Gospell where our Sauiour willeth none to iudge rashely after the vtter appearaunce of the face or looke but to pronounce and iudge a righteous iudgement To this maye thus be aunswered that the same saying of the Lord was spoken vnto them which in very deede were wicked persons of malicious conditions yet not of the matter and cause doe they procure a iudgement but through the accepting of persons and in the hate or contempt of men are they so alienated from the truth of the matter in iudging which otherwise must be eschewed and that especiallye where the person is occupied in the celestiall doctrine Thys is also to be learned and noted that anye person as afore vttered to iudge alone by the face mightily to erre and be deceyued so that necessarie it is to gather and marke sundrie other notes of the bodye and after to pronounce iudgement and the same not firmely but coniecturally As by thys example may well appeare that if the Phisiognomer earnestly beholding and vewing any merrie person by nature doth sée him at that instant tyme through some hap verie sadde of countinaunce and doth of the same iudge hym to be sad by nature where he contrariewise is of nature merrie or otherwise appearing then merrie shal iudge him of the same to be of nature merrie where perhaps by nature he is giuen to be sadde must néedes through these lyke greatly erre and be deceyued in iudgement Here also note that there are two maner of passions as the one naturall and the other accidentall The accidentall are those which consist of the spirite and for the same that they consist of the spirite no alteration in body is caused as of the Arte and science and these by notes in the bodye are not indicated But the naturall which for that they consist in vs as afore taught for that cause doth some alteration appeare in the bodye as yre feare and such like of which hereafter in this worke shall be intreated To be briefe this Phisiognomie is aknowledge which leadeth a man to the vnderstanding and knowing both of the naturall motions and conditions of the spirite and the good or euill fortune by the outwarde notes and lines of the face and body Yea by the pases many times is the heart bewrayed and the voyces as Aristotle reporteth are notes and vtterers of the inner thoughtes all which vnder the Phisiognomicall science are contayned Lucius Scylla and Cesare dictatoure by the helpe of this science founde out and iudged the wylie craftes and disceites of their aduersaries manye times that secretly conered their malicious mindes by their fayre shewes The most singular and prudent Plato in his Phisiognomie vttereth these wordes that the man which hath members like to any beast insueth his nature as he which hath an Aquiline or hauked nose vseth and exercyseth Aquiline conditions as magnanimitie cruelnesse and gréedie catching The common sort at this day without any reason and learning doe pronounce and iudge certayne matters verie straunge of men as when he sayth of anye fowle looke this person pleaseth me nothing They also say God defend and kéepe me from the fellowship of that person marked as are the bunch backed and gogle eyed persons By which euydently appeareth that the bodily notes of Phisiognomating by the naturall conditions of men doe procure and cause a great probablenesse although no necessitie To conclude all the workings and passions of the spirite appeare to be matched and ioyned with the bodie which especially appeareth in the passions of the concupiscible or desirefull spirite as are yre méekenesse feare pittifulnesse mercie and such lyke which are not caused without the locall motion of the heart dilating and drawing togither Of thys the bodies of diuers men are diuersly disposed according to the dyuers dispositions of spirites in that mens spirites through dyuers members are diuersly disposed in their passions To ende the conditions and naturall affections that consist in the sensytiue part is reported of the Phylosopher Aristotle to be the sense gyuer being common both to men and beastes The knowne signes and notes both of the healthfull and sicke bodies after the condition of the foure qualities First the signes and notes of a hote qualitie The. ij chapter THose bodyes naturally hote doe most speedily encrease and waxe fatte as the like in yong children doth well appeare But after yeares such waxe drie their veyues apparant in the places and beating fast Also their breath strong their voyce lowde mightie and great of strength Iustie and strong to coeate and much or verie often desiring thereto Such also doe féede well brooke and digest their meats Further they haue much heare on their heade and in other places the like where as naturallye the same shoulde growe and that thicke bristled speciallye on the breast The cause of which procéedeth through the much heate of the heart as the like may appeare after the minde of auncient men both in the Lion and Cocke The signes of those bodies of a colde complextion or qualitie The. iij. chapter THose bodies naturally cold doc slowe increase and come to a fatnesse their veynes appeare bigge and apparaunt but their pulses beate slow Also their breath lowe in the hearing hauing a small voyce and weake to câ—eate so that sildome desiring thereto of the which such beget few children They also be great sléepers and sléeping often yet eating little weakely digesting and bearing their meate euill Further such be white of skinne with some rednesse mixed and in the féeling appeare cold with the heares thume and slowe in the growing whether the same be blacke or white Also dull of witte fearing or trembling of a light cause and weake to labour The signes of those bodies of a moyst qualitie The. iiij Chapter THose bodies naturally moyst be tender and soft of fleshe corpulent wyth their ioyntes and bones hidde and weake of strength that they can not long or but a while endure to labour so that the wearinesse of labour is soone espyed and séene in them Also such feare and tremble in a maner for euerye
colde and moyst qualitie to be dull of capacitie of the contrarye cause The personage euill fashioned and very tall of stature to be dull of capacitie and euill conditioned applied to the forme The person of a comely personage and meane of stature to bée wittie and honest conditioned applyed to the naturall cause An admonition vnto the gentle Reader THe same consider and note for a generall rule that the significations and iudgements afore vttered in manye places of this Booke doe chiefely extende and are ment rather to happen and come to passe on the brutishe sort which for the lacke of grace and being not regenerated by Gods holy spirite these in such maner are mooued to follow their sensuall will and appetites For by a naturall frailtie proceeded from our forefather Adam euery creature after nature is drawne and allured vnto the lyke dispositions and passions of the minde But to be briefe the creatures which are regenerated through the holye Ghost doe not onely endeuour to mortifie their fleshlye appetites but seeke to put away and correct all other inormities and vices resting in them although there still continueth a frailtie to sinne and offences daylye committed euen of the wise which for that we bee so intised of the flesh no marueyle is it sayth the Phisiognomer that so manye insue and followe the like steppes of sundrie sentences pronounced in this Art the more is to be lamented that these so bestiall shoulde bee thus common amongst vs as we dayly see and know Finis A briefe treatise of the signification of Moles seene in any part of the bodie written by the Greeke Autor Melampus FIrst if the man shall haue a Mole on the foreheade doth indicate that hée shal possesse much wealth and riches The woman hauing a Mole on the foreheade doth demonstrate that she shall eyther gouerne or else come vnto a high dignitie If the man shall haue a Mole aboue the ouerbrowe doth argue that he shall couple and ioyne in mariage both with an honest wealthie and vertuous woman The woman hauing a Mole in the same place doth denote that she shall ioyne in maryage both with a riche fayre and comely person If the man shall haue a Mole on the ouer browe then let such a person refraine from mariage altogither or all his lyfe time for that such a person if he marry shall haue fiue wiues in his life tyme. The woman hauing a Mole in the like place to haue likewise so many husâ—andâ—s as the man wyues in hir lyfe tyme as Melampus writeth If the man haue a Mole on the nose somwhat ruddie and another the like in the priuie place doth indicate that such a person to be ouer much giuen to the veneriall act The lyke Mole séene eyther on the nose or eye of the woman and that she hath the lyke on hir priuie place doth signifie the same that is afore spoken of the man. If the man shall haue a Mole ouerthwart the nose doth denote that he shall wander hither and thither through Countries and Cities A Mole the like standing on the womans nose doth portende that shée shall traueyle on foote through sundrie Countries and that she hath the lyke Mole besides on the priuie place If a man haue a Mole on the gullet or throte doth demonstrate that he shall become very rich If the woman haue a Mole on the neather iawe doth indicate that she shall leade hir lyfe in much sorrow and paine of the bodie bicause she hath that within the bodie which shall hinder hir from the teaming or bearing of children If the man shall haue the forme of a Mole on the tongue doth demonstrate that he shall marry with a rich and beautifull woman If eyther the man or woman shall haue a Mole on any of the lippes doth portend that he or she to be a great féeder and a glutton If the man shall haue a Mole on the chinne doth argue that he shall be riche both in the substaunce of money and in possessions The woman hauing a Mole in the same place doth indicate that she shall come to the like welth as the man and that shée hath besides the same lyke Mole right aloft or agaynst the mylt If a man shall haue a Mole in any of the eares doth argue that he shall be rich and much reuerenced and spoken of If the woman shall haue the same and that in the lyke place doth denote the lyke good happe and fortune to hir and that besides she hath the lyke Mole placed on the thigh or hammes If the man shall haue a Mole on the necke doth promise that he shall become very rich If the woman shall haue a Mole so placed doth indicate that the lyke good fortune and wealth shall ensue vnto hir If the man shall haue a Mole in a maner behinde the necke doth demonstrate that he shall be beheaded except God through earnest prayer preuent the same If aswell the man as the woman shall haue a Mole on the loynes doth demonstrate a weake and poore kindred and to be alwayes néedie If on the shoulders of the man shall be séene a Mole doth signifie imprisonment and sorrowes of the minde If the man shall haue as is aboue sayde a Mole on the throte doth promise that hée shall marry both with a rich and beautifull woman If the woman shall haue a Mole on the same place doth signifie that she shall also marry both with a wealthie and a verie fayre or comelye man. If eyther in the mannes or womans handes shall a Mole appeare doth denote the prosperous good lucke and enioy of children If eyther the man or woman shall haue a Mole on the breast doth threaten that he or shée shall be much harmed by pouertie If the man shall haue a Mole on the place right agaynst the heart doth denote him vndoubtedly to be wicked If the woman shall haue a Mole on the left breast then pronounce the lyke iudgement as of the man. If a Mole shall be séene eyther on the mans or womans belly doth demonstrate that he or she to be a great féeder and glutton If a Mole in eyther the man or woman shall appéere on the place right against the Splene doth signifie that he or she shall be much passionated and oftentymes sicke If eyther the man or woman shall haue a Mole on the bottom of the belly doth argue much debilitie and to be often sicke If a Mole in eyther the man or woman shall be séene néere to the priuie place doth denote that he or she shall be vnspeakable desirous and vnsaciate in coeating If eyther the man or woman shall haue a Mole on the 23u3rp r2bm2m it selfe doth portend that he shall beget men children and she contrariewise beare women children If a Mole shall appeare on that part aboute the 23u3rp r2bm2m in eyther the man or woman doth denote the great increase of riches and much wealth If the man shall possesse
thinnesse of humours are then declared But if a troublednesse and grosenesse be mixed to it the grosenesse of humours is then signified The whyte colour besides to which a rednesse with the thinnesse and cléerenesse is admixed doth demonstrate an equallitie of the complexion That if a rednesse shall abounde and the cléerenesse shall be lesser the dominion of bloud is there signified But if the rednesse shall so muche be diminished that it approcheth to the colour of yuorie doth innuate the paucitie of bloude Which if the same shall yet be more diminished in such maner that of the same appeareth in a maner nothing at all the darke wanne colour procéedeth which portendeth the paucitie both of choller and bloud and the dominion of flewme in that body But if this colour approcheth to a whytenesse to which a gréenenesse is admixed then insueth the same which of the Phisitions is named a leadie colour which declareth a diminution of the bloud and red choller and indicateth the dominion of the black choller and flewme The swartish colour if the same shall approch to a rednesse or that to it this admixed doth demonstrate a grosse bloud to beare sway according to the quantitie which to it is approched or if a rednesse to it be admixed And the colour perfitely swartishe which is approched to a gréenesse doth declare the dominion of the black choller But bodies coloured with a redde coulour which is found to drawe néerer to a whytenesse are of a colde complexion If the colour shall appéere néerer to a gréenenesse or graynesse shall be of a hote complexion But the other are cytrine bodies which to a whitenesse pertake a néere subtilnesse which colour in the helthfull or in whome the multitude of bloude consisteth and not for the dominion of choller So that these bodies are not cytrine but accydentally or by accydence Yet the other bodies perfitly cytrine are somewhat cléere which like perseuer at any time And these are chollericke bodies There are besides of these certayne which with a cytrinesse approch to a gréenenesse and swartish colour pertaking a small fayrenesse in which either choller beareth swaye whose complexion is prooued and knowne to be worser than all others The Lyuer and Mylt hauing the like qualitie and condition are for the more part diseased and the health of these bodies is not firme nor permanent or contynuing But the bodies hauing a darcke colour which are néerer to a cytrynesse are of a hote complexion and néere to the redde choller And those which haue a gréenenesse admixed are less◠hote and pertayne to the black choller Conciliatore reporteth that the black colour very soft doth declare a weake fearefull craftie man applied vnto them which dwel farre South like as the Indian that bicause such are Melancholick whose property is to be feareful Againe the Moores and the Egyptians and through the inordinate heate vnder which they be borne are thereby but weake If the redde colour shall be sparsed wyth a whyte doth then declare stowte strong persons The colour which is a meane betwéene these two doth denote a temperament of qualitie proportioned to them which dwell vnder such a clymate The colour betwéene a yellownesse not tincted and a blacknesse which chaungeth into a cléere browne doth declare a good witte and honest maners Such persons the Philosopher Aristotle willed king Alexander to retaine to his person and about him The colour couered with a palenesse doth testifie a weake fearefull person that such a one to be bereft and taken in the loue of a woman and applied after the kinde vnto heresies except this hapneth in passions When the colour shall be a swart camelline mixed to a palenesse doth then demonstrate such a person to be a babler vndiscréete and full of yre The blacknesse of colour like to the cléere horne in anye man is a note of adustion and this is generall as wel in the members as in the colour of the heares of the heade Whose colour is a darke gréene or black and not soft in the féeling doth argue such persons to be prone vnto yre A ruddie colour of the bodye is an argument of a mischieuous man and endued with variable maners The colour verye redde doth declare suche a person of experience knowne to be craftie and applyed to the Foxe also the prouerbe vttereth that we sildome sée a little man méeke and a ruddie man faythfull but the godly I here except The face redde spotted so that the greater rednesse appeareth in the forehead and frée from the eyes doth declare a shamefast person and applied vnto the passion for that the shamefast face for the more part is couered with a rednesse The colour whyte wyth some redde mixed doth argue strong stowte persons applyed vnto the Septentrionals The colour mightily and ouer whyte is contrarie to vertue for that the same signifieth the person to be a sluggarde for as much as he is of a flegmatick and colde qualitie and through the same fearefull That colour which is deformed with a palenesse doth testifie a weake and fearefull person and a hafter or ouerthwarter if that neyther sicknesse nor earnest studie be the cause of that palenesse The colour swarter and mixed with a palenesse doth declare that person to be a glutton a babler and vndiscréete both of yre and tongue That person which hath a rednesse simply with a pleasaunt moouing and playing of the lippes and inlarging of the nostrels doth argue such a mans minde to be occupied and troubled with a most great yre and referred vnto the accidences of the passion The cheekes and eyes red aboue with a certaine moysture like to watery pimples doe denote such to be Drunkards and louers of Wine and strong drinkes applyed to the men of the Cytie of Pauie If the eyes appeare redde and drie then doth it declare such a person to be stoute and soone mooued to yre and referred to the passion which like so hapneth in that action The eyes appearing verye black doe declare such a person to be fearefull and couetous of gaine The eies a white gray and troubled are notes of a fearefull person and compared to the Goate and shéepe The eyes not very black to a yellownesse tending like to the Lyons doth declare an honest and friendly person compared to the Lyon and Eagle And a meannesse of colour with an abatement doth signifie shamefastnesse and honestie And whose inner partes of the lippes shall not be with a certaine rednesse coloured is then of the Phisitions iudged sickly When the veynes both of the temples and behinde the necke doe appeare to waxe redde otherwise to swell out and that the eyes seeme prominent and bloudie doe argue an yrefulnesse so vehement that they incurre vnto a madnesse and referred to the passion When the countinaunce appeareth all redde doth then eyther declare a shamefastenesse or to be a Wine bibber and this rednesse is readilye knowne by tokens of the eies and
by the custome of it That person which hath a fyrie rednesse on the breast and face is inâ—amed with yre and easilye commeth franticke and mad as the like of these the Phisiognomer hath knowne by experience in sundrie persons and referred to the passion The redde colour of the heares of the head intensed is a note of craftie wiles and deceytes of much yre and of fransinesse when as the same declareth the aboundance of choller The browne Chestnut colour doth declare vprightnesse and the loue of iustice and all report especially Nuncius naturae in the seuenth booke of the nature of beastes and in the first Chapiter of the condition of a Nurse where he vttereth that of those the better and healthfuller sort are they which be browne in colour than the whyte woman and haue a helthfuller milke the selfe same affirmeth Auicen 4. de animalibus Those persons hauing a flerie redde colour or néere to it doe retaine anger long that harde to be qualified and appeased and harde to be ruled when they be angred and suche are referred to the passion that is vnto the maner appearing in any such grieuously angred Those persons which haue the veines of the necke extensed and appearing bigge and eminent out with a red colour tincted doe retaine anger long and suche an vngracious anger that harde it is to be appeased Those also as the Philosopher wryteth be referred to the maner appearing for that in such an yre this hapneth as that the veines to be extended and magnified through the boyling and swelling vp of the bloude and spirites from the heart which so retch out those veines as is aforesayde and the like iudge in the forhead where we vtter iudgement of the lynes there séene The iudgement of the colour and substaunce of the heares of the head and in all other places of the body The xiii chapter NVncius naturae vttreth in lib. 2. de partibus cap. 14. animalium that of all lyuing creatures man in especiall is thickest and hath most plentie of heares on the head The cause of which matter is applyed as well vnto a necessitie as vnto the reason of a helpe and succour For necessarie it was that the heares should be both for the moysture of the braine and seames of the scull for where the most quantitie of humours and heate is there of necessity must the great plenty of heares growe for the reason cause of a defence that the daylie increasing growing of the heares couering the head may so defende and succour it from the extreme colde and mightie heate Seing mans brayne in proportion is greatest and moystest for that cause it néedeth especiallye a defence c. Isydore reporteth that the heares of the heade were ordayned of nature to couer and beséeme the head that these might so defende the braine from the colde and heate of the Sunne Albertus in lib. de animalibus cap. 3. reporteth that the heares procéede of the grosser vapours issuing by the poores of the skinne of the heade sent forth by heate through the narrowe holes of the skinne which dryed and hardned in the comming forth through the outward colde of the ayre And the heares of the head which slowly increase through the lacke of bloud is a note that the complexion to be verye moyst That if these spéedily increase is a note that the body declyneth vnto a drynesse But to come to the matter the heares of the head doe naturally declare the qualities quantities of humours and the conditions of the spirite or minde The Phylosopher also in 5. de generatione animalium cap. 3. vttereth that the cause of the bignesse and smalnesse of the heares of the head is most chiefely caused and growe out of the skin and not out of the flesh when the humour in them is euaporated and breatheth forth seing we sée that the grosse heares doe spring out of a thick and grosse skinne and the small heares out of a thinne and soft skinne these hytherto Aristotle So that when hotenesse and drinesse be conioyned the heares of the head doe much sooner grow waxe many thick For as much as the much quantity signifieth a hotenesse and the bignesse of them a much fumositie And for that cause in yong men there is a more quantitie than in children for as much as the matter of children is vaperous and not humerous And the contraries of these doe folow their contraries Further the signification by the part of the figure is that the crispednesse declareth a hotenesse and drinesse for the same is caused when it findeth a tortuousnesse both of the holes and powers but this doubt is not here resolued when as the complexion is altered although the two first matters be chaunged The playnnesse and flat lying of the heares of the head doth signifie a contrarie that is coldnesse and moystnesse as euidently appeareth As touching the part of the colour the blacknesse signifieth a hotenesse which blacknesse is here ment like to the cléere horne with a roughnesse and somewhat tortuous The whitishnesse signifieth a coldnesse but the citrinnesse and rednesse signifieth an equalitie and the whitishnesse doth eyther argue a vehement coldenesse as the horinesse or a strong and mightie drinesse which like hapneth in the vegetalles when they are dried which from their blacknesse or gréenesse passe into a whytenesse and this like hapneth not to men but in the ende of drying sicknesses Auerroys quarto colligit capitulo of the notes of the complexion of the whole bodye reporteth that the signification of the colour of the heares of the head is not verified for the more part but in temperate climates although in euery climate may be somewhat coÌ„prehended in comparing the men of that climate dwelling there vnder As for example in the Germanes and Moores of which the Moores are black and their heares are crisped with an vttermost tortuousnesse yet not for this is their complextion hote but rather these notes ought to be attributed to the outwarde heate seing they are knowne rather to be colde through the heate vaporating But the Germanes Wendenland people and those which dwell in the colde countries are white of body their heares yellow and plaine yet not for this is it generally to be sayde that they be colde but rather that their complexion is very hote in that the heate is included in the inwarde partes of their bodies as the like hapneth in the winter time Gallen vttreth that the white heares of the head doe declare a cold complexion and the quality of a deminished coldnesse hath the heares of the heade yellow to Gold and the complexion of a diminished hotnesse hath the heares of the heade redde in colour Auerroys wryteth that in whome coldnesse is lesser than hotnesse hath golden or yellow heares on the heade in that the yellownesse doth signifie the complextion of a diminished coldenesse And the rednesse of heares on the head doe declare a complextion of
like to this doth Adamantius write that the foreheade long leane and holow to testifie suche a person fearefull craftie and desirous of honour The foreheade that bosseth out vnto the edge is of some allowed especiallye if the same well aunswereth to the heade But if such a roundnesse occupyeth and causeth the smooth and playne stretching out at length of the temples and that the same is bare of heare doth indicate in that person the towardenesse and worthynesse of wit the desire of honour and arrogancie suche also valâ—antly attempt bolde and mightie enterprises as the same noted sundrie times of the worthye Phisiognomer Cocles The person that draweth or knitteth togither the skinne in the myddle of the forehead with the ouerbroowes is not onely noted to be wayward and irefull but gréedilie bent and fixed to the horrible excesse and gréedy coueting of money much to be detested as Palemon Loxius Morbeth Conciliatore write The foreheade as Thaddeus Hagecius reporteth stretched out playne and euen and the same as one smilyng doth argue such a person to bée a flatterer and hardely to be trusted as the same of experience noted which maner of appearance the Philosopher Aristotle doth attribute and apply to the kinde of the passion in that the forehead thus stretched throughout equal and smoth is laboured as it were by a made or dissembling meanes The same also is named of the Phisiognomer and Thaddcus agréeeth thereto a counterfayted foreheade when it thus appeareth wholy retched out playne and smooth As by a like may well appeare in such persons at what time they flatter and in the Dogge fawning for an intent which then maketh smooth the foreheade The foreheade clowdie through wrincles doth signifie such a person to be bolde fierce couragious and terrible compared of the Philosopher for the like to the furious Bull and Lyon. A meane condicion of the foreheade betwéene the former vttered doth by iudgement of all writers decently agrée and suche a person hath béene noted for the more part to be gentle ciuill of an honest nature and indued with good condicions as these of experience noted by the well practised Phisiognomer Cocles The foreheade appearing in a sadde maner with a heauie countinaunce doth argue suche a person to be full of mourning and heauinesse and applyed to the effect in that such which wayle and mourne haue then a heauie countinaunce and be full of sorowe The foreheade drawne togither or wrincled in the midle doth signifie such a person to be irefull and reuenging The foreheade long leane and holowe doth denote such a person to be fearefull craftie and desirous of honour The foreheade hanging downe and shadowed as it were doth indicate such a person much inclined and prone to shed teares for which reason these of the Philosopher are aptlye applyed to the kinde of the passion and to this doe the later writers agrée The foreheade bigge is alwayes caused thorowe the bignesse of the bone grosenesse of the fleshe and thickenesse of the skinne contrariwise the foreheade small is through the thinnesse of the bone fleshe and skinne as both the Philosopher Aristotle and Palemon with others doe write The foreheade appearing deformed through the manye wrincles déepe by which the same named fowle doth signifie a sorrow full person and applyed of Aristotle to the kinde of the passion in that suche which sundrie times vexing and gréeued in minde doe then vtter and shewe a like wrincled and deformed foreheade The foreheade bare of heare as Thaddaeus Hagecius writeth and hauing a plaine and euen skinne except the same within the vpper face aboue or ouer the nose doth signifie a malicious person deceytfull and full of ire yea contentious many times The forehead clowdie or lowring and wrincled yet in the mydle of the same more wrincled doth togither indicate with the two best vertues as both stoutnesse of courage and witte the most hatefull vice of crueltie to consist in that creature after the minde of the Philosopher The foreheade very great rounde in forme by the bearing out and bare of heare doth not only argue by the agréement of all writers such a person to be hardie and stoute of will hardlye to be brideled but a dissembler and lyare the rather if the other partes aunswere The foreheade long with the countinaunce or face long and slender and chinne like slender and thinne doth not onely after the minde of the Phisiognomer and Thaddaeus denote such a person to be rigorous and cruel but bearing rule to be a Tiraunt The foreheade confused by wrincles and the face appearing puffed vp through an ouermuch fatnesse doth indicate an vnstable flegmaticke groâ—e and dull witted person by the agréement of Palemon and sundrie other learned The foreheade narrow to be foolishe and the same long in forme vnapt to learne This high swolen or bolned out and rounde to be a deceyner subtill and wilye The foreheade wrineled to haue déepe cogitations and burdened with cares The same rounde in the bossing out to be not onely enuious but craftie The foreheade large after breadth doth denote suche a person not onelye honest condicioned but frée of expences and liberall in giftes as Loxius Philemon Palemon and sundrie other writers reporte Certaine reporte and rightly in the same that the foreheade ouermuch wrincled doth argue vnshamefastnesse in that persone the reason is when the vertue apprehensiue and conceyuing is weakened the same then cannot orderly discerne the congruent from the incongruent of which insueth those that are wrought without shamefastnesse The cause of this is in that the forepart of the braine â–ª is very moyst and of the ouer much moysture is this great wrinckling caused of the forheade Yet note that the wrinckling of the foreheade may like be procured of two causes as of drinesse and moysture sauing the difference is that the same which procéedeth of drinesse doth not occupy the whole foreheade so that this signifieth irefulnesse in that creature and anger in the other person of a moyster qualitie The reason is for that the person discerneth not the same which causeth and retayneth both the ire and hatred without due cause and suche also are knowne for the more part to be full of variaunces and strife yea couetous and euill tongued Oh how many vaine Phisitians be there sayth the Phisiognomer which nothing at all regarde nor care for the science of phisiognomy yea they in a maner wholy deride the professors of the same thorow their simple trauaile and studie bestowed in the science Auicen reporteth in secunda quarti Capi. 26. that necessarie it is for a Phisition by Phisiognomy dilygently to consider in the face eyes and other members the euill forme not naturall and that he especially regardeth at the first whether the same forme note be naturall according to the indiuiduate like aunswering so to pronounce iudgement The like wordes in a maner reporteth that worthy man Galen in his first booke of complexions Henricus and Guido
signifie violent death vnto that person and this according to the positure and place of the lyne shall like be iudged to happen eyther in the seconde or thirde age The veynes verye bigge appearing in the forehead doe denote the excéeding qualitie of choller and that suche a person to be excéeding yrefull These hytherto of the iudgement of the thrée principall lynes appearing and to be séene in a maner in the foreheads of most subiects which diligently obserued and noted by due circumspection shall in the ende finde thys rare and Golden secret hid a long tyme from manye good wyttes yea and of these sufficiently skilfull in other laudable Artes. And that this Iewell maye not appeare mutilate and vnpersite for the lack of more principles and instructions to further the same I intend to publish a singular treatise very rare and knowne but to fewe students intituled Metoposcopie or by a more knowne name the vewe and beholding of all the lynes appearing in the forehead beginning orderlye from Saturnes lyne vnto the Moones written by a most learned Mathematican Phisition named Thaddaeus Hagecius of Hagek to which added vnto the number of thrée score examples lyuely counterfayted that he by diligent trauaile noted and obserued which no doubt will much helpe and further those that minde to iudge on subiects by the ayde of those faythfull instructions and liuely examples published in this perfite maner by that worthy man aboue named for recompence of which trauayles he in my opinion well deserueth immortall memorie among other of the learned Philosophers which commendation and oppinion of mine I referre to the wisedome of the readers at the comming forth of the treatise in the meane time I wishe the readers to vse these instructions aboue vttered Next followeth the iudgement of the ouerbrowes as a part belonging to the forhead by which singular matter may be learned and knowne The forme and iudgement of the ouerbrowes The. xvij chapter THe learned Phylosopher named Nuncius naturae writeth in the second booke de partibus Animalium that the ouerbroowes and eie lyddes were ordayned for speciall helps to the face as to ornate and beséeme the same with the auoyding of other inconueniences The place of the ouerbroowes as writeth Cocles is a part of the foreheade and formed of nature in that seate where the bones knit ioyne togither The ouerbroowes also were ordayned to man as reporteth Thaddaeus both for profite and comelinesse sake these for profit that the moisture and sweat falling from the forehead might as a penthouse to the eies so cast off the moisture destilling and lyke the humours and moysture falling from the heade through the same eâ—eising shoote them of without harme to the eies The like wordes in a maner vttereth the Phisiognomer Cocles The ouerbroowes as reporteth Cocles were appoynted by God and Nature in the knitting and ioyning of the bones for that in many olde persons they grow and waxe so long that of necessitie and for comelynesse sake they must be clypped The causes of the heares as writeth the Phisiognomer are noted to be fower as the efficient the materiall the formall and finall The efficieÌ„t cause of the heares is procured two waies the one is naturall heate which eleuateth the humours from the moysture of the bodye and sendeth or carieth them foorth vnto the skinny parts The other is the colde ayre which both thickneth and coagulateth those humours and reduceth them into the forme of heares The materiall cause is two wayes the first is farre off and is the corporall moysture the second cause is neere and is the earthly vapour or humour which is euaporated from the moysture The formal cause is the forme of the heares as the length and roundenesse of them The finall cause is the diuersitie of heares as to the decking and beséeming of the bodie like as are the heares of the ouerbroowes of which out intent is to write fully and at large in this chapter The ouerbroowes haue a hidde vertue to expresse the affections of the minde of which this prouerbe that the person rayseth or lifteth vp the ouerbrowe ment by the same that such a one to be arrogant and prowde And suche appearing lyke doth the learned Thaddaeus rightly name hawty and sowre of countinaunce The right ouerbroowe is more raysed and bended than the left in that all the partes throughe the cause of moouing doe decline and leane vnto the vpper sight The right kidney in lyke maner is knowne to be higher placed than is the left as the abouesayde Thaddaeus writeth The ouerbroowes stretched vpwarde if of the heares discende vnto the beginning of the nose and vpwarde eleuated vnto the temples doe denote the dominion of heate and drith and suche are knowne to be craftie wicked of condicions Conciliatore writeth that whose ouerbrowes appeare whole and not seauered of heares betwéene eche are noted heauie and sadde persons applyed vnto the similitude of the affection and passion as both Aristotle Albertus and others reporte Morbeth the Cardinall writeth that whose ouerbrowes are stretched vnto the nose and reâ—ch vpwarde to the temples in such maner that the heares spreade to eyther side of the browes bée not onely noted simple vnshamefaste enuious foolish without fraude or deceyte but vnsatiable and gluttinous applyed to the Sowe The ouerbrowes blacke not much crooked and deuided with a space are most commended for such ouerbrowes hadde our Sauiour Iesus Christ and the chaste virgin his mother as the singuler Nicephorus Preacher and chiefe pastoure of Constantinople church and writer also of the ecclesiasticall hystories reporteth in the end of his first booke The ouerbrowes thinne and of a meane bignesse doe argue a moderation in that creature and the goodnesse of humours for suche hauing the like ouerbrowes are noted to be ingenious and searchers of déepe secrets as both the Phisiognomer Cocles the learned Philemon Conciliatore Albertus and others agrée in the same NOn te fidare de le gointae cigliae ne de le folte se guercia â—lo luce Che chi le porta guarda non te piglie impio danimo ladro falso efello Cum bel parlare suo tempo conduce rapace lupo cum vista dagnello Non fu mai guercio cum lalma perfecta che non portasse de malicia schermo Sempre seguendo la superba secta These hitherto Franciscus Asculanus In these verses aboue noted doth the Physiognomer declare and report that the squynt or gogle eyed persons to be gréedie catchers couetous dissemblers and malicious and in a maner so euill inclyned as such hauing the ouerbrowes ioyned through the heares thicke growing betwéene and the lyke maye be sayde of those hauing but one eye so that the other partes are agréeing And generally these thinke all euils if we may credite the Physiognomer This gogling of the eyes is caused manye wayes as Auicen wryteth tertia tertij capitulo 28. de strabositate where he vttreth that somtimes the
agréement of all wryters The especiall colours of the eyes are knowne to be foure as the black whytishe variable and gray as the worthy Canamusalis in libro oculorum cap. tertio reporteth and the like Iesuhalis The rounde forme of the eyes is better mouing perfiter and vncorruptibler through the lacking of corners as al the learned agrée in the same The cornered eyes haue very often superfluous moysture standing in them as wryteth the singular Constantine in libro oculorum A perfite forme and condition of the eyes doth denote an honest person as wryteth Gulielmus Nurice Conciliatore Albertus others The eyes bigge emynent doe argue weakenesse and a feeble courage in that these be so caused bigge through the much aboundance of moysture of the brayne in which is coldnesse that sheadeth a long by the members and extinguisheth the bloud So that such a brayne is colder and moyster than it ought to be and in such a body should be the lack both of naturall bloude and courage And as the spirit and store of bloud procureth boldnesse in men euen so doth the cold and moyst qualitie contrarie worke and cause fearefulnesse Rasis reporteth that the eyes emynent bigge doe argue such a creature to be fearefull and applyed to the Hare Cunny and Frogge The eyes outward extended doe denote after the minde of Rasis such a person to be foolishe but the eies déepe standing doe denote such a person to be subtill and of euill condicions through the part of the wicked qualitie yet such be of a good and sharpe sight and sée further than the emynent eyes doe in that the visible spirite is more gathered in the déepe eyes and the seing vertue stronger yea the light is receiued in greater quantitie as by experience is knowne in the Gunner which minding to shoote strayt winketh with the one eye and like the Carpenter in the laying of his lyne right these hytherto Auerroys But through the contrarie cause such hauing the eyes emynent be weake of sight and sée nothing so farre off The large eyes tending into a breeth of the bodye like vnto the eyes of the Parthians doe indicate the moysture of body in that creature Such hauing the eies eleuated and standing highe out doe sée from them as aboue vttered but a little way the cause is in that when the eie is eminenter it is then further distaunt from the braine which is noted the well spring of the eyes So that through the farre distaunce from their spring that is the braine such eies are hindered to sée farre where otherwise the eies standing déepe doe see sooner and further yet such are noted to be of euill condicions Further conceiue that through the eminencie of the eies diuers matters visible are represented so that such in a shorte time can discerne and iudge matters Such also are bablers wythout iudgement through the forepart moyst as afore vttered of the forehead And for that cause are noted vnshamefast and foolish the selfe same in a maner doth the learned Asculanus in his mother tongue write in libro Cerbae on this wise Gli ochij eminenti et in figura grossi Gli ochij veloci cum lo batter sermo Matti e falsi de mercedae scossi By which he concludeth that such are without dyscretion through the small discourse and paucytie of vnderstanding He also vttereth an other kinde in these as the eies moouing fast and quick whych are a note of hotenesse and argueth irefulnesse luxurie and boldenesse applyed to the Hawke and Fawcon The slow moouing of the eyes is a note of coldnesse and declareth sadnesse and fearefulnesse in that creature Such which with the eies mooue the eie lids togither are weake of a feeble mind as Palemon wryteth The eyes whych shut and open togither doe indicate a wicked trayterous person If water shall stand in them doth then denote a studious person and an earnest searcher of Arts as writeth Aristotle Albertus Phylemo Conciliatore wryteth when the eyes are difformally mooued as that one whiles they runne and an otherwhiles cease running although by these as yet no wicked facte or michiefe be committed and done in cogitation notwithstanding the minde is knowne to be occupied with the like And such generally the Phisiognomer hath noted to be of wicked condicions prone through such a conioyning to come to a violent or euill death Yea such a lyke note hath the Phisiognomer often obserued in many robbers by the high waye The Philosopher Ptholomie writeth the the eyes yellow so that the same procéedeth of no sicknesse doe signifie such a person to be a deceyuer and cruell as the Phisiognomer Cocles obserued and noted in sundrie Bawdes and Murderers Further such a colour doth indicate the dominyon of choller wyth a most great adustion of which occasioÌ„ cannot otherwise be caused but the dominion of malignity The eyes which swiftly mooue with a sharpenesse of sight are noted théeues vnfaythfull and deceyuers yea such a note hath the Phisiognomer experienced and iudged many which after were hanged Of these one the lyke was the sonne of M. Iulianus de Pontremulo brought vp and frayned couragiouslye from childe age vnder a valyaunt and pollitike Captayne named Francesco Rouerso on whome he pronounced iudgement in the yere of mans redemptioÌ„ 1492. And before the presence of M. Bartholomew de S. Marino a famous Chirurgian and a most speciall fréende of the Phisiognomers â–ª And as this Cocles hadde afore pronounced and iudged of the yolig man euen so came it to passe through the lacke of grace that he was hanged in the yeare of our Lorde 1496. And this Physiognomer on an other named Tadeus Guâ—dottus pronounced a lyke iudgement which also for theft as he reporteth was hanged by sentence of the lawe For these are well knowne to haue a subtill wyt and the same proner or readier vnto the euill The like confirmeth that worthie Conciliatore where he wryteth that the eyes swiftly moouing and appearing sharpe of looke are noted craftie vnfaythfull and Theeues as of nature these are vttered â–ª The cause is in that through the subtilnesse of wit theft proceedeth and the straunge deceyuing For the subtill wyt proceedeth through the subtilnesse of humours of which insueth the hotnesse of complexion as aboue vttered And the moouing proceedeth through a hotnesse so that when the hotnesse is great then is the swiftnesse intensed The wanne and yellow colour both sometimes indicate the complexion or qualitie of choller adust yet the same tending vnto Melancholy If to a whytenesse to which a gréenisse is admired heate inseweth which of the Phisitions is properly named a leadie colour as wryteth Almansore lib. secundo capit 1. So that this is a swartishe colour if the same appeareth nighe so a rednesse or a rednesse mixed to it which demonstrateth that the grosse bloud to beare sway euen as the quantitie which approcheth to it or as the rednesse which is mixed to it
redde K The Sunnes monte euill conditioned L Mercuries Tubercle appeared obscure or darke shadowed The Moones place ◠figured with such a character M The lyfe line was grosse betwéene the thombe and forefinger Thus was this moste wicked man formed in personage and lyned in the hande So that through such a habitude he vsed both kindes of coei2ngt3 as well with the 2l1sm as 2le1smf and other detestable matters he exercised not here méete to be vttered To conclude he was the most vicious person of all others that euer the Phisiognomer vnderstoode or knewe in his time In a man the face remayneth but the countenaunce doth alter so that the countinaunce is named of the Latine worde Volando which properly in Englishe signifieth a flying or vanishing away The countinaunce appearing sowre through the forme and condition of the lippes chéekes forehead and grinning doth indicate such a person to be a foole and frantick at tymes by the report of the Phisiognomer A cheerefull and smyling countinaunce séene doth innuate suche a creature to be gyuen vnto myrth and to be lybidinous after nature The face often sweating and that of a light or small stirring doth argue hotnesse or a hote condition to consist in that person And suche a creature is knowne of experience to be leacherous gluttonous and a great féeder Of which insueth indygestion and a siknesse to come as the Phisiognomer hath sundrie times noted The face appearing valled or dented in and rather more leane than fatte doth innuate such a creature to be iniurious enuious a lyar contentious cruell yea a murderer if the same especially be annexed vnto adustion and that the colour be eyther wanne or yellowe appearing as the same the Physiognomer sundrie times hath obserued and knowne And euerye countenaunce when the same appeareth full of fleshe and fatte doth denote by the agréement of most wryters such a creature to be sluggish and giuen vnto pleasure and wanton actions The face appearing verie much awrye leane and long procureth after the mince of the Phisiognomer a rude creature in condition malicious and enuious and the same affirmeth learned Rasis A sadde countenaunce doth indicate sadnesse and heauinesse of minde in that creature but the frowning looke doth denote such a person to be a bethincker and an imagyner of déepe matters yea wylie fearefull in actions and indeuoreth himselfe to be craftie The face séene hollow from the beginning of the forehead vnto the ende of the chinne that the nose and mouth séeme placed as they were in a valley doth innuate euill conditions especiallye if the same be with a wanne or adust colour For suche hath the Phisiognomer knowne to haue béene murtherers full of wordes contentious yea Pirates and théeues Take héede sayth Cocles that you be not deceyued in the iudgement of the leaprous for as much as their eyes are round the veynes eminent or bearing outward a cytrinesse of colour mixed vnto the rednesse and such are caused very quicke of styrring and possesseth a straitnesse the Nosethrilles with a most vehement or mightie horcenesse in such maner that the like creature is knowne to speake as it were in the nose The Gummes also of such creatures and the endes of their noses are knowne to be eaten away their skinne besides is caused rough and the heares of the ouerbroowes shed away al which by the face may artly be knowne as the learned Arnoldus de villa noua reporteth A small face and countinance doth witnesse a small and base witte The countinaunce formed excéeding bigge doth denote sluggishnesse in actions a dull capacitie and foolishnesse VVhat to be noted and iudged of the condition and forme of the nose and Nosethrilles The. xxij chapter MAns face after the minde of the Methaposcoper is thinne and verie passible and no part there is of mans bodie which like expresseth and vttereth the passion of the minde as the face properly doth Of which the minde altered by any cause the Methaposcopers can readily espie and iudge The passible place also of the face are the eies which the Philosophers name to be the windowes and messengers of the minde and next to these is the forehead For we daylye sée in the place that the veynes extenced in many subiects when such are angred do swell in a marueylous bignesse The next part passible to these is the Nose in that the same is Cartilaginous as without flesh except that when the vertue of ingendring is mightie from the beginning of generation So that this before the other partes causeth mans face especially to be eyther comelye or deformable When the nose is stretched and retching vnto the mouth with a decent bignesse doth then argue the bignesse of the Cartylage and the multitude or much quantitie of flesh which compasseth the same Cartilage in that the same cannot bée caused but through a great hotenesse For the property of heate is to dilate and lengthen out so that the Nose when the same is protensed or stretched vnto the mouth doth indicate the complection of the whole indiuiduate to be hote of which both honestie and boldnesse procéedeth and is caused in that creature The Nosetrilles bigge and large doe witnesse the Testicles great and that such a person to bée leacherous a betrayer deceytfull a lyer enuious couetous a niggarde of a grosse witte and somewhat fearefull as certaine report yet the cause of this matter they alledge not as the Phisiognomer witnesseth Here the Phisiognomer reporteth that the nature of heate is to dilate but of colde to shrinke and gather togither so that through the largenesse of the Nosetrelles is the cause of the hote complexion knowne of which the great testicles procéede and luxurie in that creature forthrough the multitude of Sperme must the receptacle of necessitie be great and large that the same maye receyue and contayne the Sperme or matter of the Sperme vnto the digesting of it Of the grosse humours is the grosenesse bignesse of members procured by the cōsequent are the spirits grosse so that of this grossenesse is the rudenesse of wit caused as the Philosopher Aristotle vttereth in libro 2. de partibus Animaliū capit 4. of which a tenacitie and couetousnesse insueth in so much as suche cannot through the same rightlye discerne The nose doth argue the qualitie of the heart in that a big nose doth indicate the hotenesse of the heart and irefulnesse in that creature And through this hotenesse after the minde of Conciliatore is the priuitie of man inlarged and caused great as afore vttered Of which certaine reporte these wordes in Latin. Ad formam nasi dignoscitur hasta Baiardi By a lyke reason sayth the Phisiognomer may a man argue of the womans priuie place vnder these wordes in Latine Nam mulieris pes est signum oris verendae The nose eyther bigge or small doth argue by the lyke the mans and womans 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to be in that the same being great doth procéede of
of the eyes signified that the fore ventricle of the braine was flewmatick which to conclude fortified as he sayth the shortnesse of lyfe and according as the Phisiognomer had iudged on this king euen so he learned and vnderstoode that a short tyme he raigned Of which notes Almansor secundus vttereth that the sharpnesse of the nose the long neck the voyce sharpe or small and the comlynesse of complexion demonstrated togither a drynesse in that creature through the part of the chollerick qualitie But his composition of bodye was founde small and the place of the stomacke decerned narrow his digestion also of meate was knowne to be both weake and small through the little and narrow stomack his hart was founde to be cold through the length of his neck hée was besides conetous and fearefull which is contrarie vnto magnanimitie or boldnesse in that the same proceedeth of a hote qualitie Yet had thys person a readie wit through the comely forme of the head for as much as the knitting and conioyning of the spirites was laudable by which the decent Organe aptly serued vnto reason especiallye for the eminencie of the foreheade in bredth but the breast the ribbes the héeles and the necke were founde all effeminate which as aboue vttered be contrarie vnto magnanimitie the Aquyline or hawked nose indicated as the Phisiognomer reporteth his couetousnesse that so mightily by his report bare sway in him Thus sayth he a man must proportionate all the members togither for otherwise shall it be in vaine to iudge or pronounce any matter at all after the minde of the Physiognomer on any subiect The nose séene flatte doth signifie such a person to be luxurious hastie in wrath and faynt hearted for the dominion of the moysture and flowme in that creature as the learned Conciliatore reporteth Here concraue sayth the Phisiognomer Cocles that when the nose appeareth flatte then is a hotnesse and moysture indicated in that person for as much as the hotnesse of the Aquyline or hawked nose is caused with a drynesse So that the flatte noses are procured through a hotnesse and moysture in that the moysture causeth the inlarging of the nose of which such are knowne hote and moyst that properly cause the luxurie in them When any report such persons that they are hastie in wrath the same procéedeth as the Phisiognomer reporteth of an ouermuch hotenesse and the inflamation of spirites moued and procured through the aboundance of matter and of that inflamation by the report of Cocles is the prefulnesse caused in such An other cause shall here be vttered in that the inflamation of the spirite can not soone or spéedily be cooled through the narrow passage as shall appéere in the matter folowing Of which the singular Philosopher Asculanus in the mother tongue wrote these worthie verses ensuing EL concauato è anchora il naso simo ciascun di loro a la luxuria acosta Piu del secundo dico che del primo chi la subtile e ne lextremo aguzo Ouero rotundo cum obtusa posta mouesi ad ira el primo come cuzo Laltro e magnanimo e dae graue stile The person which hath a short nose and the same flatte is iudged after the minde of the Phisiognomer to be lasciuious and as some wryte to be a théefe The nose séene short the mouth formed small and the teeth founde short and bigge doe denote after the minde of the worthie Conciliatore a moyst and colde complexion The sharpenesse of the nose séene the necke founde long the voyce heard small and comely are apparaunt notes of a temperate chollerick qualitie as the learned Rasis the worthy Albertus Ptolomeus paruus and other report and Cocles with them The Phisiognomer Cocles reporteth that hée hath many tymes noted of experience in infinite subiects in all his life time he neuer sawe any which were not possessed with a heape of vices especially for lying or for theyr ymagining lyes and this caused by the Chollericknesse consisting in them for which cause this Cocles willeth a man to beware and take héede of the felowshipping with such as of all which sayth he experience in short time will instruct thée perfite The Nose formed sharpe at the ende doth indicate such a person to be a lyar contentious and yrefull the reason is as the Phisiognomer reporteth in that such are of a chollericke qualitie for as much as the leannesse and sharpenesse of the Nose doth for the more part happen through the abundaunce of choller The same ende also hath narrow passages in which the ayre can not passe nor enter to coole the heart so that of this it long remayneth inflamed which is cause of the contending and quarrelling of that person The lyke creature by report of the Phisiognomer was that Antonius a learned scribe and notarie Yea he noted many other Countrie men of his to be lyke among the number of which Cocles obserued and knewe a iolly fellowe of the lyke nature and conditions named Vandinus de Fauentia which was a betrayer of his curteous Lorde and principall ayder sonne vnto the noble Astorgius Fauentia by whose meanes and other mightie deceyuers aboute him was this gentle Lorde by commaundement conueyed or caryed vnto prison in Rome and shut vp as close prisoner in that goodly strong Castle named Sancti Angeli where not manye Monethes abyding was lamentably murdered of a most cruell Bastard by a headlong fall as the Phisiognomer learned and vnderstoode which wicked creature after the fact committed miserablie pyned away euen like an ymage of war standing in the hotest Sunne When the Nose shall bée meanely small a little drie vpwarde and at the ende raysed vp and the neather part or ende turned agayne vpward or that his cleft be procéeding from beneath vnto the part turned vpward towarde the cone of the Nose doth then indicate luxurie or such an abuse of the bodie not here decent to be vttered as the learned Conciliatore in his Rubricke of Phisiognomie reporteth The lyke of this the Phisiognomer Cocles obserued and noted sundrie tymes especiallye in one of the Senate house of the noble citie of Bononie which for reuerence vnto the noble house honesty sake he refuseth to name The cause is forasmuch as such are of a moyst and sanguine qualitie tending vnto choller and these vniuersally by report of the Phisiognomer are luxurious in both the kindes euen as the same through the pricking forwarde of choller which dayly inflameth the bloud And the regitine nature of the whole bodye mooueth or stirreth forward the expulsiue vertue vnto the sending forth of the noyous matter superfluous and expelleth the same vnto the congruenter places by the apt passages and sendeth the same foorth vnto the â—rdâ—y in that it is the cause of the erection of it So that such helpe forewarde themselues by a proper industrie not decent for honestie sake to be here vttered when as the desired subiect is not at hand
weakenesse of strength and courage séeing the same is knowne to bée the note of a femenine lightnesse If the Nosetrilles in the toppe directly eleuated extende whole doe indicate an euill gouernment and distemperaunce in that creature And such are those which in the inwarde ende of the gristle be raysed vp vnto the creast and doe so discende to the Nose which when these be direct doe after the opinion of the Phisiognomer procure the disorder of the tongue in the vttering of speach and sounding wordes The greater and wyder Nosethrilles simplie are of all the Metoposcopers better allowed and commended than the lesser forme of them The lesser Nosethrilles by the agréement of Plato Phylemon and Ptholomeus paruus are naturallye ascribed vnto seruile wittes ouerthwarters wranglers and to théeues The Nosethrilles formed large open do witnesse such a creature to be addicted or giuen vnto myrth and strong in the composition of bodie The Nosethrilles séene very narrow rounde formed and as they were confusedly shutte togither do witnesse after the opinion of the learned Conciliatore in his Rubricke of Phisiognomie foolishnesse the vnaptnesse to learne and the féeblenesse of courage in that creature The auncient Rasis and Albertus report that the largenesse of the Nosethrilles and the muche quantitie of flesh on the Iawes and the little quātitie of heares on the chéekes doe signifie a moyst complexion The Nosethrilles appearing very blunt doe argue such a person to be foolishe but the Nosethrilles formed final do indicate a peruerse mind and péeuishe conditions The heares which growe within the Nosethrilles of man if these be many thicke growing and bigge appearing doe argue an vnstable minde and grosse witte as Conciliatore reporteth and the Phisiognomer Cocles of experience affirmeth the same If the heares within the Nosethrilles are found fewe and soft doe witnesse after the minde of the Phisiognomer a ready witte apt to learne and honest condicioned The iudgement of the forme and condition of the eares The. xxiij chapter THe eares declare the temperament and proportion of the principall members and especially the brayne which experience certifieth vs For that the braine doth sometimes sende forth a noysome matter behinde the eares of which is there ingendred and caused many tymes an impostume and the same according to the diuersitie of the humours Of which the Phisitions name these the clensing places of the members and superfluities The eares great are ingendred and caused through the multitude of matter in the beginning of generation of the strong vertue And all such in a maner which haue great cares as the Phisiognomer hath noted are knowne to haue a short necke and head sufficient comélye and are Sanguine and such for the more part tending vnto choller or vnto grosse bloude somewhat adust Such also are vnpacient and lightly angrie For which cause the Philosopher reporteth that such are foolishe this being excepted that they are of a good minde and intention that is after the departure of the inflammation and kindling about the heart for as much as this declareth a hotnesse of the hart through the veynes arteries as in the Anothomy may wel be decerned And such are of a good memory in that they haue a séemely neck being an expresser of the braine and demonstrating a good disposition and perhaps through the Collericke qualitie is the retention of kinds and through the qualitie of the sinewes which are of a drie nature After the quayling abating of iniuries such are of a good intention in that these cause a good discourse and noted to be long liued for as much as in them is a good proportion betwéene the heate and moysture And such a persō which possesseth a meane is moderate in his actions The selfe same is confirmed of the Philosopher in lib. i. Animalium cap. 11. Where he reporteth that those which are most apt and readie in hearing be well nurtexed and conditioned Such sayth he haue a note of the best maners which possesse meane eares The eares great and directed aboue measure are notes of foolishnesse or that such to be bablers as the Philosopher Aristotle vttereth The selfe same reporteth Auicen pri de Animalibus that when the first pulpe that is of the eares is ioyned with the fleshe of the iawe doth signifie a foole and vaine person The Philosopher also vttereth in Methaphoricis that such persons which haue small eares like to the Ape haue of that reason Apishe conditions But such that haue bigge eares are noted to be dullards and applyed to the Asse And if any shall sée a person haue the eares formed like vnto the Dogges are noted to haue the best and to be in a meane maner these hytherto Auicen So that such hauing the eares ouer small are noted Apishe that is they haue Apishe conditions in which a man may see that malignitie and deceyte to haue dominion in them Such hauing the eares ouer great in respect of the quantitie of body are Asses that is fooles and of a dull vnderstanding as the former Aristotle reporteth primo de Animalibus Such hauing the eares meane in quantitie is a good note for that the same prooueth by the similitude of the disposition in good Dogges Rasis reporteth that whose eares are bigge is a foole yet long lyued after nature when the eares are erected vp and very great doe indicate the multitude of matter and the same inobedient as to the due forme and the dominion of drynesse indicated which is cause of the erection or standing vpright The eares flexible or bending doe demonstrate the proportion of heate and moysture and the moysture is cause of the bending as the like appeareth in a skinne and woode which when they are crooked or winded inwarde are moyst for otherwise are their partes broken if we sée their matter to be drie And of this it is that Ptholomie the Philosopher reporteth that the eares great and bended downeward doe denote riches When the eares are very small the paucitie of matter and weake vertue of the braine is signisied and the chollericke matter argued of which the subtill spirits caused so that such haue a wyt or be ingenious in euill workes and are théeues foolishe and so couetous that they desire all things And through that coueting such are luxurious vnderstanded perhaps of the immoderate appetites and not of the power or force of the matter The learned Palemon vttereth that when the eares shall be promynent and verie great foolishnesse and garrulitie is signified in that creature and such are knowne to bée couetous But the eares which are as they were cut and verie short and parted doth Loxius report to attempt and commit a deceyte The eares formed semicircularly and creasts connexed in the middle somewhat flatte toward the centre and of a meane bignesse which decently stande to the heade doe wytnesse a goodnesse of nature But the eares ouer rounde signifie suche a person to be vnapt to learne The eares long and narrowe are reported
with himselfe Certayne of the auncient report that the creature which is hardly procured to laugh is affirmed to be wittie a foreséer of matters vnto himselfe nyggardly and verie studious in the Arte which he daylie exerciseth yet suche a creature sayth the Phisiognomer is prone to be a surmyser and yrefull The person which is heard to laugh lowde or a highe with a certaine noyse decerned in the laughter is indicated by the report of some wryters to be inuericundious and rashe in actions Such a creature that without cause procured laugheth and in his laughing séemeth often to coughe or gape or to draw the head awry is indicated to be variable of purpose and minde enuious lightly or soone credyting and conuertible eyther vnto the good or euill as Loxius and Phylemon report The learned Conciliatore in his Rubricke of of Phisiognomie vttereth that the creature coughing when he laugheth or is at the instaunt encumbred with the hardnesse and shortnesse of breath is iudged to be inuericundious fierce and a Tyraunt as the like the Phisiognomer Cocles obserued and noted in a certaine Prince of Lumbardie Certaine of the worthie Phisiognomers report that whose chéekes are discerned often is smyle is denoted to be of an euill minde of a peruerse cogitation and a lyar and such persons generally or for the more part are malicious dissemblers so that these are not friendly to be trusted but rather to be doubted if we may credite the Phisiognomer when the like especially is matched and ioyned with other accydences of the minde and that their eye lids appeare wrinckled togither with the eye browes ioyned or in a clowdie forme gathered such are then shedders of bloud murderers robbers or théeues by Sea and lande as the Phisiognomer often obserued and noted in many which were the like The creature that smyleth vnto himselfe when he talketh is indicated to be foolish and of a simple vnderstanding as the like the Phisiognomer obserued in a certaine Italian and such are reported to abounde in the Melancholick qualitie The chéekes decerned wrything in the laughter as they were so procured in the derision of an other doe witnesse such a person to be arrogant deceytfull couetous a lyar yrefull and a betrayer or vtterer of secrets The person that lightly laugheth sayth Michael Scotus is denoted to be simple of vnderstanding vnstable vaine lightly credyting of a dull wyt grosse in féeding and seruicable yet in factes or actions not secret The creature that sildome laugheth and séemeth soone to haue done is argued after the minde of Michael Scotus to be stable warie nyggardly yet of a good vnderstanding secret faythfull and glorious in his actions The condition and iudgement of thē breath The. xxxi chaprer THe much breath doth argue the aboundance of the spirites econuerso whose cause procéedeth two wayes the one through the smalnesse of the lunges and the other through the default and straightnesse of the breast Of which the creature much breathing is of great strength and courage by reason of the heate resoluing the moysture especially that dewie moysture after the minde of the Phisiognomer The breath sent forth in due course and order that is betwéene the great and small appearing a meane doth indicate ▪ the quietnesse of heart and a man in minde well pleased as the Philosopher reporteth That person which sigheth without cause and fetcheth the sighes déepe and long doth witnesse the Melancholie to come and that mightie to perseuer in that creature The breath appearing cut betwéene being after an order which in the ende through straightnesse of the breast commeth forth with a heate and sighing doth argue such a creature to be encombred with thought and the disquietnesse of minde And the same to be mixed to some euill if the head especially shake withall That person which with the sighing draweth the eyes awrie is iudged after the minde of most wryters that he then bewayleth the matter come vnto minde deuising with himselfe in what maner he may aptliest bring about and compasse or atchieue the same The creature which breatheth with a certayne noyse through the larger opening of the nosethrils doth then indicate crueltie brutishe furiousnesse and violence to consist in him which of Aristotle is applyed to the passion The breath passing forth troubled and thicke as if the same were after a course of running or through some strong accidents doth then denote such a person to be violent vnaduised hastie and yrefull When the breath shall be decerned short and thicke and through a much cutting off stopped betweene such a creature of the Philosopher Aristotle is iudged fearefull weake of courage and strength That person which with the sighe and countenaunce séemeth as he were bereft with a certaine godlynesse and pittifulnesse suche a one sayth the Phisiógnomer is iudged to be then taken and wrapped wyth the furious passion of loue The singuler Philosopher Aristotle vttereth vnto the mightie king Alexander that when sayth he you shall sée a person much and long togither beholding yea and earnestly looking on your face and that when you againe behold him so looking is of the same abashed and therewith blusheth and giueth especially at that instaunt a sighe against his will and that teares appeare standing in his eyes such a person vndoubtedly loueth and feareth you But if you sée the contrarie vnto this then iudge that creature to regarde you little and to be one that is both enuious and disdainefull The breath decerned lowde cut betwéene and the sighe appearing the like doth witnesse sorow and heauinesse for some losses happened to that creature Hipocrates Galen and certaine other Phisitions report that the breath perceyued passing forth colde by the mouth and nosethrilles in a sharpe sicknesse doth innuate death shortly after to ensue The Philosopher Ptholomeus Paruus vttereth that he which often wéepeth for no cause reasonable shall alwaies be poore and néedie The breath by the report of Michael Scotus comming out so soft that the same can scant be heard doth denote such a person to be greatly encombred with thought which conditiō of thought the eyes in a maner will declare The breath which is decerned sometymes still and within a good while after is drawen and fetched in ouerfast doth argue such a creature as that Scotus writeth to be then occupyed wyth a present great heauinesse of the minde The head if it shaketh as he sigheth according to the minde of Scotus then for the weight of the matter euill handled and euill spoken of it argueth him to be sorie If he doth the like wyth the eyes intentiue or steddie looking such a person bethinketh him rather of the euilles than repenteth him as Michael Scotus wryteth The breath heard light breathing out by little and little without noyse doth denote after the minde of Scotus such a person to be of an vpright minde The person which is heard to breath lowde and smileth withall is iudged of Michael Scotus to be
but through the Periode and course of the Planets in certaine yeares and monethes as shall appeare in many places of the Phisiognomie of the Planets to come forth The signification and iudgement of feeling after Phisiognomie The. xl Chapter THe Philosopher in libro de regimine principum reporteth that the sence which consisteth in the hand is the â—actiue or palpatiue vertue and the course of them resteth in the heate and colde rough and soft moysture dryth And it is a vertue contayned betwéene two skins of which the one is in the vpper face of the bodie the other in the same which belongeth cleaueth vnto the fleshe so that when eche of these sences is attayned which God by his mightie vertue hath ministred to this kinde thinne skinnes so light as the Spiders webbe arise and come from the roote of the braine and are as a fine scarffe and thinne Curtaine to this kinde insomuch that when the same is presented which eche sence hath and the same commeth vnto those skinnes which are in that substaunce of the braine the passages then of all the sences are gathered with the ymaginatiue vertue which representeth these to the cogitatiue vertue which consisteth in the middle of the brayne that it may beholde these and both gather and studie in the figures and examples of them that it may knowe in them the nociue and innatiue and that the same may be wrought according to measure which procéedeth or commeth to it of them And as Auerrois in de sensu sensato vttereth that the féeling is â—iesh and is proper to al instruments of the senses this considred that these nothing possesse of all the senses in the acte of them which they properly comprehend but the instrument of féeling which is compowned of the qualityes which it comprehendeth and for that cause doth this not comprehende but the intensed matters through his temperament and for the same reason howe much the temperater the flesh shall be founde so much the more doth it comprehende the simple qualities as heate colde dryth and moysture For these doth man inioye farre aboue other liuing creatures and is of féeling better and sensibler which especially is decerned by the hande as the fleshe of the paulme and the flesh especially of the fore finger But the tongue at the ende of it hath no taste in the act and for that cause when the same is imbybed and filled of certaine humors the taste then is corrupted and lyke is to be conceyued of the instruments of the other senses The selfe same vttereth Albertus in libro de anima where he willeth to conceyue that the skinne is wouen with sinewes very small and wyth hearie veynes contayned wythin the same wouen wyth which the Lyuer and bowelles are wrapped that these maye defende them from outwarde harmes and for this the skinne in beastes is very thicke and hearie For that the same hath not anye protection or outwarde defence but the skinne in men is thinne For which cause it is protected and succoured by garmentes from winde colde and raine Séeing the skinne compowned of the sinewes is naturally white for that cause is the propertie of the sinewes procured that the same retcheth out and draweth in is white in coulour but the rednesse of bloud passing by them appeareth to the eye So that whose colour of the hande or face is white or redde as Phylemon vttereth and of a good féeling doe denote the faythfulnesse of minde constancie and truth this confirmed if a commensuration or comelinesse of forme consist in the other members These hitherto vttered of féeling shall here suffice The condition and iudgement of the backe bone The. xlj chapter THe backe bone great that is in the length and bredth doth argue strength of the creature and the royall members to be strong and naturall heate mightie as afore vttered especiallye when the ridge or backe bone is musculous and without a softnesse of fleshe decerned is for the same applyed vnto the Masculinitie But if the back bone be founde narrow and compassed with soft fleshe that person is iudged of a feminine action forasmuch as the rest is narrow the royal members féeble in heate and their actions are knowne weake féeble in conditions yea these haue a dead minde or faint courage applyed vnto the feminine kinde Of which Rasis reporteth that the largenesse of the back bone doth argue such a person to be strong arrogant and furious in yre The backe bone narrow and couered wyth soft fleshe doth denote such a person to be effeminate The crookednesse of the backe doth innuate the wickednesse of conditions but an equalitie of the backe is then a good note These hitherto Rasis The learned Conciliatore vttereth that the back bone large and well brawned and strong of bones is applyed to the man kinde and in the contrarie maner to the woman kinde The back bone crooked if the same be couered with soft fleshe and slender in the gyrting place doth denote such a person to excell in naturall giftes and to haue verie great pleasure in hunting Yet some affirme that the crookednesse of the backe to declare the wickednesse of conditions The thinnesse of the backe doth denote that person to be of a contentious nature spitefull The back large and vnextensed doth denote strength arrogancie and the vehemencie of a strong yre The neather part of the back bone if the same lyeth broad to the buttocks be compassed with a soft fleshe doth indicate an effeminate person compared to the woman But if the same appeareth long and shall ende sharpe at the ende doth argue wantonnesse vnto the veneriall act yet with a temperauncie fearefulnesse Such also hauing a great large and strong ioynted back are reported strong econtra But broad thinne narrow and flatte doe indicate weakenesse These hytherto Conciliatore Certaine report that the backe bone hearie leane and verie much eleuated or bearing out from the equalitie of partes to denote such a person to be vnshamefast malicious rude of a dull capacitie weake of small labour and sluggishe Whose back bone is decerned bigge and fatte doth argue such a person to be variable sluggish and verie craftie or full of deceyte The backe bone thinne long and leane doth signifie such a person to be weake of a light cause fearefull vaine contentious and verie light of beliefe The backe bone from the shoulder poyntes vnto the gyrdlestéede when it is short and sufficient broade doth denote such a person to be hastie in the veneriall action as the Phisiognomer oftentymes noted in sundrie persons Here conceaue that the backe bone is ment and reckned from the shoulder points vnto the gyrdlestéede Of which is to be noted that if the back bone be large doth then argue the breast the ribbes flanckes to be large of necessitie it ensueth that the composition of Nucha the neck to be strong with a decent forme of the
the Eiuirp Ecalp leacherous simple often vaine vnstable and abounding in euill ▪ humours as wryteth Michael Scotus The iudgement of the ancles The. Liii chapter HEre the Phylosopher instructeth to Physiognomate by the ancles of the féete and vttereth two considerations of the notes according to the two dispositions and formes which with their relations appeare of the wordes and sayings in the text Such strong sinewed and well brawned about the ancles are noted strong after nature and applyed to the Male kinde Such much fleshie and weake sinewed about the ancles are iudged weake of strength and courage and applyed after nature to the female kinde But as touching the seconde disposition and forme in distinguishing these better Rasis vttereth that when the ancles shall be bigge as thorowe a fleshinesse doe argue such a person to be a dullarde and vnshamefast Conciliatore reporteth that such which shall be strong sinewed and well brawned about the ancles are denoted strong and bolde and contrariwise the shankes and ancles bigge and euill formed doe demonstrate suche a person to be weake a dullarde and vnshamefast these hitherto Conciliatore The ancles bigge through the fleshinesse and much bearing outwarde doe signifie a weake person of small labour fearefull warie faythfull and tractable as affirmeth Michael Scotus The ancles hauing verie apparaunt sinewes and strong doe demonstrate a strong person bolde prowde and stowte as wryteth Michael Scotus These hitherto of the ancles shall here suffice The forme and iudgement of the feete The. Liiij chapter HEre the Philosopher doth Phisiognomate by the condition of the féete and deuideth them into foure partes As touching the first disposition he vttereth that such hauing the feete sufficient bigge strong sinewed and well brawned in such maner that the sinewes and muscles appeare and that the greatnesse of the féete appeareth by reason of the bignesse both of the bones and sinewes and not by occasion of the muche quantitie of fleshe doe indicate a strong person bolde and stowte applyed for the forme vnto the male kinde The Phisiognomer Cocles vttereth that the bignesse of the feete signifiyng the like aboue sayd ought not to be conditioned or possesse an ouermuch fleshinesse in that according to Rasis the féete hauing much flesh or appearing very fleshie and that these are formed fast or harde in the composition doe innuate such a person to be of a dull vnderstanding slender capacitie applyed for the imperfiter vnderstanding vnto the female kinde The singuler Philosopher Aristotle in libio de secretis secretorum vttereth that the féete formed fleshie doe denote such a creature to be foolishe vnaduised and a moouer or procurer of iniuryes to men The feete decerned small and slender in forme doe signifie such a person to be strong and stowte of courage after the minde of Nuntius Naturae The learned Aristotle also reporteth that such hauing the féete formed contrarie vnto the first maner as appearing narrow in the bredth in which the ioyntes séeme not to appeare are denoted weake of strength feeble of courage and to be effeminate The féete sayth Cocles which are decerned slender and in the forme appeare amiable in such maner that these are found rather more soft than strong are applyed according to the passions of the minde vnto the female kinde that is such haue the naturall conditions attributed vnto the female kinde The auncient Rasis vttereth that the féete formed small comely and fayre doe demonstrate such a creature to be prone vnto the veneriall act or a leacherer myrrie full of ieastes sportes the causes of these dispositions are the complexionall qualities consisting in him Here conceyue sayth the Phisiognomer that the hotenesse and moysture in euery creature are the speciall causes procuring the bignesse of the féete But the coldenesse is knowne to be the consequent cause occasioning the smalnesse of féete Of which according to the diuers forme and condition of the féete are the diuers qualities aunswerable caused and doe lyke insue as a like of this reason afore vttered in many places Such which haue the toes and the nayles of them crooking lyke vnto the Haulkes tallons or clawes are denoted after the minde of Aristotle to be deceyuers théeues violent catchers and filthie talkers The like iudgement is to be giuen of the fingers and nayles so crooking For the Phisiognomer alwayes obserued and knewe these which possessed the nayles and fingers thus proportioned and formed to be of a Chollericke qualitie yet this note I saw sayth he to be lawdable in iolly warriours and right good souldiers and in those which by Marses beame seemed to be gouerned in their great attemptes Certaine report sayth the Phisiognomer that Aristotle here meaneth by the vnshamefast persons these naturally theeues violent prollers and euill tongued I affirme sayth Cocles that by the martiall théeues the Philosopher doth meane the worthie souldiars forasmuch as such which liue and applie their wittes and minds in the warres exercise none other then warlike attempts after the maner of the common spoylers and théeues in purchasing great booties and spoyles here and and there whether these attaine it by right or wrong after a warrelyke custome as we daylye sée And as further in the Phisiognomie of the Planet Mars shall be vttered and in the positure of Mars in the hande c. to come forth The toes decerned close ioyned togither do denote such a person to haue a naturall scowring or flixe of the bellie and such a creature applyed for the forme vnto that kinde of Quaile which séeketh his foode by freshe waters for his often and much durging Rasis reporteth that when the héeles are séene small in forme doe indicate such a person to bee weake of strength and fearefull The héeles decerned bigge and fast of flesh doe denote such a person to be strong and bolde as the former Rasis vttereth Albertus and Phylemon report that the brest of the foote when the same shall be formed fleshie and not hollowe in such maner that treading with the same on the earth it séemeth to lie with an euen vpper face of the sole on the grounde doth innuate such a person to be craftie and malicious for this is a note of the colde flewme abounding on the forme And this easily receyueth formes in asmuch as that the same is of a lyght cause mooued of the weake moouer And of this is the craftinesse in that subiect caused The Philosopher Aristotle vttereth that whose inner part of the sole of the foote shall not be decerned hollow but on such wise filled that with the whole foote in the treading the same toucheth the ground is denoted to be a creature wilie mutable and full of deceytes When the breast of the foote shall appeare hollow and in a contrary maner vnto the first doth signifie by the contrarie of such a condition the goodnesse of vnderstanding and a good composition well directed and the goodnesse of conditions When the hollow of the foote shall be