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A19376 The arte of nauigation conteyning a compendious description of the sphere, with the making of certayne instruments and rules for nauigations, and exemplifyed by many demonstrations. Written by Martin Cortes Spanyarde. Englished out of Spanishe by Richard Eden, and now newly corrected and amended in diuers places.; Breve compendio de la sphera y de la arte de navegar. English Cortés, Martín, 1532-1589.; Eden, Richard, 1521?-1576. 1589 (1589) STC 5802; ESTC S111167 116,085 174

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Et mali corui malum o●um But f●rasmuch as these haue no place appoynted them in the body of our common wealth which we haue here before compared to the members of the body of man therefore are they no otherwise to be esteemed then as excrements of the body to whome Nature hath appoynted no place in the same but lab●ureth continually to cast th●● foorth diuers wayes least by their filthynesse they should infect the other members euen as the pompe of the Shyp if it be not auoyded is noyous to the Ship and all that are therein But the wise and honest Pilotte fyrst hauing before his eyes the feare of God and putting his chiefe trust in him shall secondarily trust in his Arte and Science without any such vaine obseruations as the supersticious Horoscopers Astrologiers I meane and not Astronomers are accustomed to vse in the elections of houres times and dayes by constellati●ns and aspectes of the Starres and Planets as many fond men haue done thynkyng thereby to haue escaped such dangers as they haue thereby the rather fallen into through contempt of Arte and Science by foolish confidence in superstitious Astrologie which for the vani●ie and vncertaintie thereof the ryght Worshipfull and of singuler learning in all Sciences Syr Thomas Smyth in my time the flowre of the Vniuersitie of Cambridge and sometyme my Tutor was accustomed to call Ingeniosissimam artem mentiendi that is The most ingenious arte of lying Omitting therefore the superstitious and phantasticall obseruations of the iudicials of Astrologie it shal be better and more necessarie for all Pilottes that desyre to excell in their profession to learne and obserue the principles of this Booke whereby they may haue such knowledge of the Sphere as may instruct them the making and vse of diuers goodly Astronomicall instruments pertayning to the arte of Nauigation by knowledge of the moouings of the Sunne and Moone in their Spheres and the other Planettes and fyxt Starres thereby to attayne to the true knowledge of houres tymes and tydes with the variation of the Compasse and many other goodly naturall obseruations of weather tempestes and calmes by certayne infallible signes and tokens of the same very necessarie to be obserued and this by the true principles of Astronomie and not of Astrologie And this is the true Astronomie whereof the diuine Philosopher Plato hath written so diuine a sentence that I haue thought the same heere woorthy to be alleaged that by the aucthoritie of so famous an aucthour we may know what is true Astronomie with the vse and commoditie thereof Therefore in his booke entituled Timeus vel de Natura these are his words Rerum autem optimarum cognitionem nobis oculi attulerunt Nam haec que de mundo disputantur nunquam inuenta fuissent si neque Sydera neque Sol neque Coelum suscipe potuissent Cognitio vero diei ac noctis ab oculis orta fecit vt dimensione quadam mensium annorumque ambitus metiremur tempus cognosceremus a● vniuersae naturae ordinem scrutaremur Quibus ex rebus Philosophiam adepti sumus That is to say Our eyes haue brought vnto vs the knowledge of most excellent things For whatsoeuer is disputed of the world had neuer been inuented if neyther the Starres neyther the Sunne neyther Heauen could haue been seene For the knowledge of the day and nyght taking beginning at the eyes cau●ed vs as it were by certayne limits and boundes to measure the circuites of monethes and yeeres whereby we came to the knowledge of tymes and the order of vniuersall nature And heereby also we obteyne the knowledge of Philosophie c. And thus by the aucthoritie of diuine Plato whome for his excellencie Cicero called Deum Philosophorum that is the God of Philosophers we may vnderstande that the true Astronomie is the perfect knowledge of the miraculous mouings of the Planets Stars and heauens and especially of the Sunne and Moone whereby is caused the varietie of times and diuersitie of all natural things by natural causes as by the qualities of Elemēts as hote colde moyst and dry which are augmented or diminished by the more or lesse influence of these two Luminaries as they come neere vnto vs at sometimes or depart farther frō vs at other times with diuers motions in diuers climates which causeth not only varietie of tymes in sundrie climates but also the varietie of dyuers complexions fourmes and disposit●ons of all creatures vnder the face of heauen none other accidentall contingent voluntarie or violent cause to the contrary notwithstanding And this is it that Plato meaneth by these woords Vt tempus cognosceremus ac vniuersae naturae ordinem c. That is to knowe the tymes and vniuersall order of nature And doubtlesse who so well consydereth the marueylous effectes that are caused especially by the variable moouing of the Sunne in the Zodiacke must needes acknowledge it to be the chiefe instrument and meane that God vseth in the generation preserua●ion and alteration of all creatures that are conteyned in the world of generation and corruption And for this consyderation certayne of the auncient Philosophers called it the soule of the world Other the eye and other also the hart of the world Plato also affyrmeth that the soule of the world is the Sunne and that all other lyuing things receiue lyfe from thence And hereof commeth the saying of the Philosopher Sol homo generant hominem that is the Sunne and man beget man And therefore as wryteth Marcilius Ficinus of all Idolaters they are most tollerable that honor the Sunne for God The which although it be not yet vndoubtedly are his effects so great and wonderfull in this inferiour world that it may seeme in manner to be Gods Vicegerent Liefetenant and Viceroy in all the works of nature except where and when it pleaseth him in any thing miraculously otherwise then by the common order and course of nature to commaund the contrarie And if it may not be tedious vnto you right Honorable and Worshipfull it shal be a pleasure vnto me for the better declaration hereof to make a briefe discourse of the marueylous and strange effects that are caused by the Sunne which perhaps few haue done otherwise then dispearsedly here and there as occasion hath serued Fyrst therefore let vs consyder what it hath done ouer the Equinoctial lyne and vnder both the Poles at one instant diuersly and contraryly the one to the other For so hath the infinite wisedome of the great God of nature the supreame Architecture of the vniuersall world disposed all things in such perfect order that to them that are vnder the Equinoctial and haue theyr Horizon passing by the two Poles the day is of twelue houres and the nyght as much and theyr yeere also is deuided into twelue monethes But they that dwell iust and perpendiculerly vnder our Pole and that haue theyr Horizon passing ouer the sayd lyne haue the day of the sixe monethes That is