cold it will be a Ielly you may take it cold or warme thrée or foure spoonfuls at a time in the Morning fasting at foure of the clock in the afternoone and when you goe to bed If you doe thing this too troublesome you may boyle the Egges in Broth or Milke so you boyle them a good while and so drink the Broth or Milke as you like best they are excéeding strengthning and will doe you great good if it please God to giue blessing to it To make a womans Dugs little round and hard LEt a woman that hath her Dugs or Pays over great flaging or hanging downe annoynt them often with the Iuyce of Savory it will draw them vp and make them little round and hard and séeme as the Dugs of a Maid For Lamenesse in the Ioynts TAke of good Aqua Composita and Oyle of Roses of each a like quantity and mixe them well together and annoynt the grieved therewith Morning and Euening vntill he be well which will be within a little after but rub the place with warme clothes well before An excellent Antidote against the Plague or Poyson TAke two Walnuts two Figs twenty leaves of Rew and one graine of Salt stampe them and mixe them all together eate it in the morning fasting and you shall be safe from the Plague or poyson that day An excellent Preservative against the Plague TAke Sage Hearbe grace Elder leaues and Bramble leaues of each a handfull take also a quart of white Wine and a good race of Ginger beaten small or grated stampe the Hearbs with the Wine and the Ginger then strain it through a cloth take a spoonfull of this Medicine every morning fasting for nine dayes together after the first spoonfull you shall be safe for twenty foure dayes and after the nynth spoonfull you shall be safe for two moneths But if it shall happen that you be stricken ere you drinke of this then take a spoonfull of the water of Bittony with a spoonfull mingled altogether and drink it it will expell the venome and if the sore doe appeare then take Bramble leaues and Elder leaues of each a like quantity stampe them and make a Plaister thereof and lay it to the sore and it will heale it with Gods helpe How to breake a Plague sore TAke black Snayles and leauened Bread stampe them together make a plaister thereof and apply it to the sore and it will breake For a paine or swelling in the Privy parts TAke or white Wine Vineger and Cow-â—ung boyle them to a Poultis and when it is ready put thereto a little oyle of Roses and if the griefe doe procéed of a cold cause put thereto some Camomile flowers and apply it hote Another for the Cods that are swolne BEate Comminséeds into Powder Barley Meale and Hony of each a like quantity fry them together with a little Shéepes suet heate it and binde it as a plaister about the Cods For the paine of the Mother BEate Nettleséeds into Powder and drinke a spoonefull thereof or some what more in good Wine asswageth all pain of the Matrix and griefe of the Mother For an Ache in the Ioynts a Plaister TAke a good quantity of the Inner barke of Elder boyle it in your owne Vrine make a plaister thereof and apply it to the place grieved as hote as you can suffer it For the Ache in the Backe TAke Camomill and Mallowes of each a handfull séethe them in running water till they be soft then chop them small and put thereto a handfull of Damaske Rose leaues then boyle all in a pinte of the Oyle of Roses and being warmed annoynt the Back therewith Morning and Euening then make a plaister of the Hearbs and apply it to the Backe Another speciall good Medicine for the same TAke a pound of new Waxe vnwrought Stone pitch and Rosen of each a quarter of a pound Venice Turpetine or other ordinary Turpetine two spoonfuls white Lead halfe a pound Shéepes suet and Déere suet of each halfe an ounce finely chopt boyle all these together with a pinte of Oyle Oliue till it come to a Salue then spread it on the fleshy side of white leather and so apply it very warme For a Burning or Scalding TAke fiue or sixe spoonefuls of Sallet-oyle and as much of Running water beate them together till they be well incorporated then annoynt the place therewith and then lay thereon a Wort lease it will both â—â—ake it and heale it Another being a most excellent Medicine for the same TAke of the hearbe Periwiâ—â—kle fry it in a panne with fresh Butter or fresh Grease and Shéepes dung newly made when it is well fryed straine it through a cloath and it will bée like Salve then spread it on a Linnen cloath as broad as the sore is and apply it thereto It will cure it though it were scalded or burnt to the guts if it be taken in time and renew the plaister Morning and Evening An excellent helpe for the Piles BVrne two or thrée Brickes red hote and put them into a Panne in a close Stove sprinkle Vineger vpon them and let the party sit vpon the Stove that he may receive the fume thereof into his fundament vse this thrée or foure times if néed require Where Medicines effect give God the glory A necessary and briefe Relation of the Contagious disease of the Pestilence with the Causes Signes and Cures of the same By W. BORASTON of Salop Practitioner in Physicke and Chyrurgerie PART XII Wherein is shewed the Causes with most certaine Preservatives against the Infection thereof THis contagious Sicknesse called the Pestilence is no other thing then a pressure Contagion and Whip which GOD out of his indignation vseth to chastise men for their Transgressions as it is written in the 28 of Deut. saying If thou wilt not obey the voyce of the Lord thy GOD and keepe and doe his Commandements the Lord shall make the Pestilence to cleave unto thee For God the Creator of all things is the chiefe and principall moouer of all things created and vseth them as secondary meanes to execute Punishment against the offenders So that the Pestilence is either Supernaturall and immediately commeth from God to Man or Naturall as when God punisheth Man he performeth it by his Creatures Also the Pestilence supernaturall is to be vnderstood two manner of wayes that is to say either when God doth it wholly from himselfe or else permissiuely hée suffereth Sathan to punish Man for the reasons aforesayd Hée being the most cruell Enemy both of God and Man who grieveth and repineth at mans felicity and enviously séeketh to extirpate and roote out all Mankind Euen as the Historie of Job testifieth So that his power is also two-fold viz. Hée eyther doth this office of himselfe or else by Inchanters or Witches Exodus 7 Chap. and 8 of whom Christ spake Act. 8. Math. 7. The Pestilence naturall is also taken two manner of wayes Then one generated from an
hot and moyst Of the which is noted three kinds of fleshes that is to say one is soft and pure flesh the second is Musculus or hard and brawny flesh the third is Glandulus knotty or kurnelly flesh Also the commodities of the flesh be indifferent or some be common to every kinde of flesh and some be proper to one manner of flesh alone The profites of the flesh be many for some defend the body from cold as death cloathes also it defendeth the body from hard things comming against it so through his moysture he rectifyeth the Body in Summer in time of great heate Wherefore it is to be considered what profitablenesse is in every kind of flesh by himself And first of simple and pure flesh which fulfilleth the concavities of voyd places and causeth good forme and shape and this flesh is found betwéene the téeth and on the end of the yard The profit of the Brawny flesh or Musculus flesh shall be spoken of in the Anatomy of the Armes The profits of the Grandulus flesh are these First that it turneth the blood into a colour like to himselfe as doth the flesh of a womans pappes turne the menstruall Blood into milke Secondly the Grandulus flesh of the Testikles turneth the blood into Sparme Thirdly the Grandulus flesh of the chéekes that engendreth the spettle c. The next is of Fatnesse of the which I finde thrée kindes The first is Pinguedo and it is a consimiler member not spermaticke and it is made of a subtill portion of Blood congealed by colde and it is of complexion cold and moyst insensible and is intermingled amongst the parts of the flesh The second is Adepper and is of the same kind as is Pinguedo but it is departed from the flesh besides the Skinne and it is an Oyle heating and moysting the Skinne The third is Auxingia and it is of kinde as the others be but he is departed from the flesh within foorth about the Kidneyes and in the Intrailes and it helpeth both the Kidneyes and the Intrailes from drying by his â—â—â—tiosity c. Then come wée to the Skinne The Skinne is a consimile member of officiall partly spermaticke strong and tough flexible and sensible thinne and temperate whereof there be two kinds One is the Skin that covereth the outward members and the other the inner members which is called a Pannicle the profitabless of whom was spoken in the last lesson but the Skinne is properly wovent of Lâ—réeds Nerues Veynes and Arteirs And he is made temperate because he should be a good déemer of heate from cold and of moystnesse from drynesse that there should nothing annoy or hurt the Body but it giveth warning to the common wits thereof c. The haires of every part of mans Body are but superfluity of members made of the grosse sume or smoake passing out of the viscous matter thickned to the forme of haire The profitablenesse of him is declared in the Anatomy of the heard c. The Nayles likewise are a superfluity of members engenbred of great earthly smoake or fume resolved through the naturall heate of humors and is softer then the bone and harder then the flesh In complexion they be cold and dry and are alwayes waxing in the extremity of the fingers and toes The vtility of them are that by them a man shall take the better hold also they helpe to claw the body when it néedeth Lastly they helpe to divide things for lacke of other fooles c. CHAP. III. The Anatomie of the compound Members and first of the Head BEcause the Head of man is the habitation or dwelling place of the reasonable soule of man therefore with the grace of God I shall first speake of the Anatomie of the bead Galen saith in the second Chapter De juvamentes and Avicen rehearseth the same in his first Proposition and third Chapter proving that the head of man was made neither for wits nor yet for the Braines but onely for the Eyes For beasts that haue no heads haue the organs or instruments of wits in there breasts Therefore GOD and Nature haue reared vp the head of man onely for the eyes for it is the highest member of man and as a Beholder or Watchman standeth in a high Tower to giue warning of the Enemies so doth the Eye of man giue warning vnto the common Wittes for the defence of all other members of the body Now to our purpose If the question be asked how many things be there contained on the Head and how many things contained within the head As it is rehearsed by Guydo there be fiue containing and as many contained as thus The haire the skin the flesh the Pannicles and the Bone neither rehearsing Veine nor Arteir The which Anatomy cannot be truly without them both as thou shalt well perceiue both in this but especially in the next And how in this Lesson I shall speake but of Haire Skin Flesh Veynes Pannicles and Bones what profit they doe to man every of them in his kind Of the haire of the Head whose creation is knowne in the Anatomy of the simple members I doe note foure vtilities why it was ordained The first is that it defendeth the braine from too much heat and too much cold and many other outward noyances The second is it maketh the forme or shape of the Head to séeme more séemelyer or beautifuller For if the Head were not haired the Face and the Head should séeme but one thing and therefore the haire formeth shapeth the Head from the Face The third is that by colour of the haire is witnessed and knowne the complexion of the Braine The fourth is that the fumosities of the Braine might ascend and passe lightlyer out by them For if there were a sad thing as the skinne or other of the same nature as the Haire is the fumosities of the Braine might not haue passed through it so lightly as it doth by the Haire The Skin of the head is more Lazartus thicker and more Porrus then any other Skinne of any other member of the body And two causes I note why One is that it kéepeth or defendeth the Braine from too much heat and cold as doth the Haire The other that it discusseth to the common wits of all things that noyeth outwardly for the haire is insensible The third cause why the skinne of the head is more thicker then any other skinne of the body is this that it kéepeth the braine the more warme and is the better fence for the Braine and it bindeth and kéepeth the Bones of the head the faster together Next followeth the Flesh the which is all Musculus or Lazartus flesh lying vpon Pericrantum without meane And it is made of subtill Will and of simple flesh Sinewes Veynes and Arteirs And why the flesh that is all Musculus or Lazartus in every member of a mans body was made is for three causes The first is that by his
a cloth vntill it bée dry then shred it vpon a Trencher with a Knife and take a handfull of Camomill flowers and bruise them in a morfer then mixe the flowers and the Mallowes together and put some oyle of Roses to it then make two little bagges of fine linnen cloth and fill them with the geare aforesaid and lay it to the griefe as warmâ— as yée can suffer it and so change the bagge as you shall haue cause and alwayes kéepe it warme and by the grace of God it will helpe you Another for the same TAken pinte of white Wine and halfe a handfull of Camomill flowers and séethe them in the white Wine and wash your chéeke both within and without the same as hot as you can suffer it which is very good also A Medicine for the Mother TAke a pinte of Malmsie a little curâ—ie of Commin-séede and Coliander séed and a Nutmegge beate these together and then séethe them to halfe a pinte with a little white Suger-candie you must take a spoonefull at a time A Medicine for a Stitch or Bruise TAke thrée quarts of small Ale and one penny-worth of Figs and one penny-worth of great Reisons and cut the stones out of them and one penny-worth of Licorice of Isope of Violet leaues and of Lettice of each one handfull and séethe them from thrée quarts to thrée pints and straine it and so let the person drinke it and after make this Plaister following â—aâ—e a quantity of horse-dung and a quantity of Tar fry it and put a little Butter and Vineger into it and make a Plaister and lay it to the side A Remedy for Wartes FIrst with a paire of Sizers cut off the heads of the Warts and then rub them with Garlicke and Bay-salt stamped both together doe this sixe or seven times and lay ouer them a little plate of Leade or rub them with Allome water and Bay-salt nine times this infirmity doth come of grosse and euill humours A Remedy for a wild or running Scabbe TAke Mercury mortified with Fasting spittle thrée ounces incorporate it with oyle of Bayes and annoynt the body or else take Mercury mortified thrée ounces of the powder of Brimstone two ounces of the powder of Enula Campana two ounces confect these together with Barrowes grease and annoynt the body oft A Remedy for a Fellon THis infirmity doth come of a venemous matter and other while it commeth of an inferiall cause or of an exteriall the interiall cause commeth of some euill humour the exteriall cause doth come of some venemous stinging of a Worms if it doe come of an euill humour eate Treacle and make a Plaister of Treacle and lay it vpon the place or take the white of a rawe Egge and put in salt to it and beate it well together and make a Plaister thereof and lay it to the same A remedy for Wormes in the belly TAke the juyce of Lauender-Cotton and put to it the powder of Worme-séed and drinke it thrée times euery Morning fasting and drinke not one houre or two after the vsage of eating Garlicke killeth all Wormes in the body A remedy for sore Eyes TAke the white of two Egges and make a Plaister with it put to it a little Honey and after that put to it flaxe or towe and to bedward lay it ouer thine Eyes and let it lye all night and in the Morneing wash thine eyes with cold water and a â—nâ— cloute doe this thrée nights one after another A remedy for Scalding with Water TAke the juyce of House léeke and dip a linnen cloath in it and lay it vpon the place Also boyle Armoniac and Camphere is good when it is dissolued in the Oyle of Roses and lay vpon the place the water of Purslaine and Myrtils Ceruse and the white of rawe Egges and such like be very good for all manner of scalding A remedy for Burning with fire TAke the white of a rawe Egge and beate it with Oyle of Roses one ounce then put to it the juyce of Housléeke one ounce of Night-shade and of Planten of each of them halfe an ounce of the rust that is vnder the Anvile of a Smith two ounces compound all these together and wash the place oft and then take Popilion and noâ—e to it a little of the oyle of Roses as much of Planten juyce and incorporate all together and make Plaisters or else take the oyntment of Ceruse and oyntment of Seracine named in Latine Vnguentum scricinum and Popillion is good and such other like A remedy for the Tooth-ache ANd if it come of any colde cause chewe often in thy mouth the roote of Horeâ—ound and if it come by Wormes make a candle of Waxe with Henbane séeds and light it and let the perfume of the Candle enter into the Tooth and gape ouer a dish of cold water and then may you take Wormes out of the water kill them on your naile the Wormes is little greater then a worme in a mans hand and beware of pulling out any tooth for pull out one and pull out moe to mundisâ—e the Téethe wash them euery morning with cold water and roche Allome A Remedy for the Fluxe TAke of Suger rosset made of drie Roses of Trissindall of each one ounce and a halfe mixe these together and eate it with meate or drinke it with drinkes but the best remedy that I could finde is to take thrée handfuls of Saint Johns Woort as much Planten and as much Creâ—â—is and séeth these in a gallon of Raine water or red Wine to a pottle and straine it and then put to it two ounces of Sinamon beaten and drinke thereof often A remedy for the Cappes TAke the oyle of swéet Almonds one ounce and annoynt the place and any of these things following is good the powder of the rinde of Pomegranets the Marrow of a Calfe or a Hart the fatnesse of a Capon Goose or Ducke and such like A Remedy for the Shingles OF Rose-water and Planten water take of either of them halfe a pinte of white Wine asmuch put these together and wash the place oft or else take of red Wormes that come out of the Earth and bray them in a morter and put to them a little Vineger and make plaisters c. Or else take flowers of Camomill of Rose leaues of Violets the weight of either of them one ounce of Myrtles of Sumake of either of them one ounce and a halfe séethe all these in white Wine and make a Plaister and lay it to the place or else make the oyntment of Ceruse I haue taken House léeke and haue stampt it with a little Camphere and put to it white Wine and haue laid it to the place and haue healed the Patient and the Oyle of Roses or the Oyle of Violets is good for this impediment mixt together with the white of Egges and the juyce of Planten A Remedy for a Tetter TRose de Arsmeg is good and if it come of blood
is méet that one Chirurgion should loue another as Christ loveth vs all And in thus doing they shall increase both in vertue and cunning to the honor of God and worldly same SIC TRANSIT GLORIA MVNDI OF THE ANATOMIE CHAP. II. The Anatomie of the simple Members ANd if it bee asked you how many simple Members there be it is to be answered Eleven and two that be but superfluities of Members and these be they Bones Cartâ—lages Nexâ—es Pannicles Ligaments Cordes Arteirs Veynes Fatnesse Flesh and Skinne and the superfluities bée the Haires and Nailes I shall begin at the Bone because it is the Foundation and the haidest Member of all the Body The Bone is a cosimile Member simple and spermaticke and cold and dry of Complexion insensible and inflexible and hath divers formes in Mans body for the diversity of helpings The cause why there be many Bones in mans body is this Sometime it is néedfull that one members or one limbe should mooue without another another cause is that some defend the principall members as both the Bone of the Brest and of the Head and some to bée the Foundation of divers parts of the Body as the Bones of the ridge and of the Legges and some to fulfill the hollow places as in the Hands and Féet c. The Gristle is a member simple and Spermaticke next in hardnesse to the Bone and is of complexion cold and dry and insensible The Gristle was ordained for sixe causes or profits that I find in it The first is that the continuall mooving of the hard Bone might not be done in a juncture but that the Gristle should be a meane betwéene the Ligament and him The second is that in the time of concussion or oppression the soft members or limbes should not be hurt of the hard The third is that the extremity of Bones and Ioynts that be grisly might the easier be foulded and nâ—wved together without hurt The fourth is for that it is necessary in some meane places to put a Gristle as in the throat bowle for the the sound The fifth is for that it is néedfull that some members be holden vp with a Gristle as the lids of the Eyes The sixt is that some Limbes haus a sustaining and a drawing abroad as in the Nose and the Eares c. The Ligament is a member consimple simple and spermaticke next in hardnesse to the Gristle and of complexion cold and dry and is flexible and insensible and bindeth the Bones together The cause why he is flexible and insensible is this If it had béene sensible he might not haue suffered the labour and mooving of the Ioynts and if it had not béene flexible of his bowing one Limme should not haue mooved without another The second profit is that he be joyned with sinewes for to make Cordes and Bawnes The third helpe is that he be a resting place to some sinewes The fourth profit is that by him the members that be within the Bone be sustained as the Matrixe and Kidneys and divers other c. The Sinew is a consimiler member simple and spermatick a meane betwéene hard and soft and in complexion cold and dry and he is both flexible and sensible strong and tough having his beginning from the Braine or from Mynuca which is the Marrow of the backe And from the braine commeth seaven paire of Nerues sentatine and from Mynuca commeth thirty paire of Nerues motiue and one that is by himselfe that springeth of the last spondell All these sinewes haue both féeling and mooving in some more and in some lesse c. A Corde or Tendon is a consimple or officiall member compound and spermaticke sinowy strong and tough meanely betwéene hardnesse and softnesse and meanly sensible and flexible and in complexion cold and dry And the Corde or Tendon is thus made The sinewes that come from the braine and from Mynuca and goe to mone the members is intermingled with the Lygaments and when the sinewes and Lygaments are intermingled together then is made a Corde And for thrée causes I perceiue why the Cordes were made The first is that the sinew alone is so sensible that hée may not suffer the great labour and travell of moving without the fellowship and strength of the Ligament that is insensible and that letteth his great féeling and bringeth him to a perfit temperance And so the Cordes moue the limbes to the will of the soule And this Corde is associated with a simple fâ—eâ—h and so thereof is made a Brawne or a Muskle on whom he might rest after his travell and this Brawne is called a Muskle Then when this Corde is entred into this Brawne he is departed into many small thréeds the which be called Will and this Will hath thrée properties The first is in length by whose vertue that draweth it hath might The second in breadth by whom the vertue that casteth out hath might The third in thwartnes in whom the vertue that holdeth hath might and at the end of the Brawne those thréeds be gathered together to make another Muskle c. Now I will begin at the Arteir This Arteir is a member consimile simple and spermaticke hollow and finowie having his springing from the heart bringing from the heart to every member blood and spirit of life It is of complexion cold and dry And all these Arteirs haue two coates except one that goeth to the Lungs and he hath but one coate that spreadeth abroad in the Lungs and bringeth with him to the Lungs blood with the spirit of life to nourish the Lungs withall And also that Arteir bringeth with him from the Lungs ayre to temper the fumous heate that is in the heart And this Arteir is he that is called Arteria Venalis because he hath but one coate as a vaine and is more obedient to be delated abroad through all the Kings because that the blood might the sooner sweat through him whereas all other Arteirs haue two coates because one coate may not withstand the might and power of the spirit of life Divers other causes there be which shall be declared in the Anatomie of the breast c. The Veyne is a simple member in complexion cold and dry and spermaticke like to the Arteir having his beginning from the Liver and bringeth from the Liuer nutritiue blood to nourish euery member of the body with And it is so to be vnderstood that there is no more difference betwéene these two vessels of blood but that the Arteir is a vessell of blood spirituall or vitall And the Veyne is a vessell of blood nutrimentall of the which Veynes there is noted two most principall of the which one is called Vena Porta the other is called Venacelis of whom it is too much to treat of now vntill we come to the Anatomy of the Wombe c. The Flesh is a consimile member simple not spermaticke and is ingendred of blood congealed by heate and is in complexion
take rest vnderneath them Why the haires were ordained in them is that by them is addressed the formes or similitudes of visible things vnto the Apple of the Eye The Eare is a member seemely and griftly able to be solden without and is the Organ or Instrument of Hearing It is of complexion cold and dry But why the Eare was set vp out of the head is this that the sounds that be very fugitiue should hirke and abide vnder his shadow till it were taken of the Instruments of Hearing Another cause is that if should kéepe the hole that it standeth over from things falling in that might hinder the Hearing The Sinewes that are the Organes or Instruments of Hearing spring each from the Braine from whence the seuen paire of Sinewes doe spring and when they come to the hole of the Eare there they wâ—iâ—he like a Winepresse and at the ends of them there be like the head of a Worme or like a little tease in which is received the sound and so carryed to the common wiâ—â— The Eyes be next of nature vnto the soule for in the Eye is séene and knowne the disturbances and griefes gladnesse and joyes of the Soule as Loue Wrath and other passions The Eyes be the Instruments of sight And they be compound and made of ten things that is so say of seuen Tunicles or Coates and of thrée humours Of the which sayth Galen the Braine and the Head were made for the Eye that they might be in the highest as a Beholder in a Tower as it was revearsed in the Anatomy of the Head But divers men hold divers opinions of the Anatomy of the Eyes for some men account but thrée Tunicles and some sixe But in conclusion they meane all one thing For the very truth is that there be counted and reckoned seven Tunicles that is to say Sclirotica Secondina Retyna Unia Cornua Arania and Conjunctiva and these thrée humoure That is to say Humor Virtus Humor Albigynus and Humor Chrystallinus It is to be knowne how and after what manner they spring You shall vnderstand that there springeth of the Braine substance of his foremost Ventrikles two Sinewes the one from the right side and the other from the left and they be called the first paire for in the Anatomy they be the first paire of sinewes that appeare of all seven And it is shewed by â—ales that these 〈◊〉 was bée hollow as a Réede for two caâ—â—ses The first is that the visible spirit might passe fréely to the Eyes The second is that the forme of visible things might freely be presented to the common wittes Now marke the going forth of these sinewes When these sinewes goe out from the substance of the Braine he commeth through the Piamater of whose substance he taketh a Pannicle or a Coate and the cause why he taketh that Pannicle is to kéepe him from noying and before they enter into the Skull they méete and are vnited into one sinew the length of halfe an inch and then they depart againe into two and each goeth into one Eye entring through the braine Panne and these sinewes be called Nervi optici And thrée causes I finde why these Nerues are joyned in one before they passe into the Eye First if it happen any diseases in one Eye the other should receiue all the visible spirit that before come to both The second is that all things that wée sée should not séeme two for if they had not béene joyned together every thing should have séemed two as it doth to a Worme and to other Beasts The 〈◊〉 is that the sinew might stay and helpe the other But hereupon Lanfranke accordeth much saying that these two sinewes came together to the Eyes and take a Pannicle both of Piamater and of Duramater and when they enter into the Orbit of the Eye there the extremities are spread abroad the which are made of thrée substances that is to say of Duramater of Piamater and of Nervi optici There be engendred thrée Tunicles or Coates as thus Of the substance that is taken from Duramater is engendred the first Coate that is called Secondina and of Nervi optici is engendred the third Coate that is called Retina and each of them is more subtilier then other and goeth about the humours without meane And it is to be vnderstood that each of these three Tunicles be divided and so they make fire that is to say thrée of the parts of the braine and thrée of the parts outwards and one of Pericranium that covereth the Bones of the head which is called Conjunctiva And thus you may perceiue the springing of them as thus Of Duramater springeth Citrotica 〈◊〉 Cornua Of â—iamater springeth Secondina and Vnia And of Pervi Optici springeth Conjunctiva Now to speake of the humours which bee three and their places are the middle of the Eyes of the which the first is â—uâ—hor â—â—trus because he is like â—laâ—â—e in colour very cleare red liquit or thinne and he is in the inward side next vnto the Braine and it is thinne because the miâ—ritine blood of the Christalline might passe as water through a spunge should be clensed and made pure and also that the visible spirit might the lightlyer passe through him from the Braine And he goeth about the Chrystaline Humor 〈◊〉 méete with Albuginus Humour which is set in the vttermost part of the Eye And in the middest of these Humours Vltrus and Albuginus is set the Chrystaline Humour in which is set principally the sight of the Eye And these Humours be separated and involued with the Pannicles as aforesaid betwéene every Humour a Pannicle And thus is the Eye compound and made But to speake of every Humour and every Pannicle in his one order and course it would aske a long processe and a long Chapter and this is sufficient for a Chirurgion Now to begin at the Nose You shall vnderstand that from the braine there commeth two Sinewes to the holes of the braine pan where beginneth the concavity of the Nose and these two be not properly Sinewes but Organes or Instruments of smelling and haue heads like teates or paps in which is received the vertue of smelling and representing it to the common wits Ouer these two is set Colatorium that wée call the Nosthrils and is set betwéene the Eyes vnder the vpper part of the Nose And it is to be noted that this concavity or ditch was made for two causes The first is that the ayre that bringeth foorth the spirit of smelling might rest in it till it were taken of the Organe or Instrument of smelling The second cause is that the superfluities of the Braine might be hidden vnder it vntill it were clensed And from this concavity there goeth 〈◊〉 holes downe into the mouth of which there is to be noted thrée profits The first is that when a mans mouth is close or when he eateth or sléepeth that then the ayre might come
the Heart but in the ouer-part they spring foorth of him and is fastened as a aforesaid Furthermore the Heart hath two Ventricles or Concavities and the left is higher then the right and the cause of his hollownesse is this For to kéepe the blood for his nourishing and the ayre to abate and temper the great heate that hée is in the which is kept in Concavities Now héere it is to be noted that to the right Ventrickle of the Heart commeth a Veyne from the great Veyne called Venakelis that receiveth all the substance of the blood from the Liver And this Veyne that commeth from Venakelis entreth into the heart of the right Ventricle as I said before and in him is brought a great portion of the thickest blood to nourish the heart with and the residue that is left of this is made subtill through the vertue of the Heart and then this Blood is sent into a Concavity or pit in the midst of the Heart betwéene the two Ventricles and therein it is made hot and pured and then it passeth into the left Ventricle and there is ingendred in it a Spirit that is cléerer brighter and subtiller then any Corporall or Bodily thing that is engendred of the foure Elements For it is a thing that is a meane betwéene the Body and the Soule Wherefore it is likened of the Philosophers to be more liker heavenly things then earthly things Also it is to be noted that from the left Ventricle of the heart springeth two Arteirs the one having but one Coate and therefore it is called Arteria Venalis And this Arteir carryeth Blood from the Heart to the Lungs the which Blood is vaporous that is tryed and left of the Heart and is brought by this Artery to the Lungs to giue him Nutriment and there he receiveth of the Lungs ayre and bringeth it to the heart to refresh him with Wherefore Galen sayth that hée findeth that mans Heart is Naturall and friendly to the Lungs For he giveth him of his owne Mutrimentall to nourish him with and the Lungs reward him with ayre to refresh him with againe c. The other Artier that hath two Coates is called Vena Arterialis or the Great Artery that ascendeth and discendeth and of him springeth all the other Arteirs that spred to euery member of the Body for by him is vnited and quickned all the members of the Body For the Spirit that is retained in them is the instrument or treasure of all the vertue of the Soule And thus it passeth vntill it come to the Braine and there he is turned into a further digestion and there hée taketh another Spirit and so is made animall and at the Liver nutrimentall and at the Testikles generatiue and thus it is made a spirit of euery kind so that hée being meane of all manner operations and workings taketh effect Two causes I find why these Arteirs haue two Coates One is that one Coate is not sufficient nor able to withstand the violent mooving and stirring of the Spirit of life that is carryed in them The second cause is that the thing that is carryed about from place to place is of so precious a Treasure that it had the more néed of good kéeping And of some Doctors this Artier is called the Pulsatiue Veyne or the beating Veyne for by him is perceived the power and might of the Heart c. Wherefore God and Nature haue ordained that the Arteirs haue two Coates Also there is in the Heart thrée Pellikles opening and closing the going in of the Heart blood and spirit in convenient time Also the Heart hath two little Eares by whom commeth in and passeth out the Ayre that is prepared for the Lungs Also there is found in the Heart a Cartilaginous Auditament to helpe and strengthen the selfe Heart Also the Heart is covered with a strong Pannicle which is called of some Capsula Cordes or Paricordium the which is a strong case vnto whom commeth Nerues as to other inward members And this Pannicle Pericordium springeth of the vpper Pannicle of the Midriffe And of him springeth another Pannicle called Mediastinum the which departeth the Breast in the midst and kéepeth that the Lungs fall not over the Heart Also there is another Pannicle that covereth the Ribs inwardly that is called Plura of whom the Midriffe taketh his beginning And it is said of many Doctors that Duramater is the Originall of all the Pannicles within the Body and thus one taketh of another CHAP. VIII The Anatomy of the Lungs THE Lungs is a member Spermatick of the first Creation and his naturall complexion is cold and dry and in his accidentall complexion he is cold and moyst lapped in a Neruous Pannicle because it should gather together the softer substance of the Lungs and that the Lungs might féele by the meanes of the Pannicle that which he might not féele in himselfe Now to proue the Lungs to bée cold and dry of kind it appeareth by his swift stirring for hée lyeth ever waving ouer the Heart and about the Heart And that hée is cold and moyst in reward it appeareth well that he receiveth of the Braine many cold matters as Cataries and Rheumes whose substance is thinne Also I find in the Lungs thrée kinds of substance One is a Veyne comming from the Liver bringing with him the Crude or raw part of the Chylle to féed the Lungs Another is Arteria Venealis comming from the Heart bringing with him the spirit of life to nourish him with The third is Trachia Arteria that bringeth in ayre to the Lungs and it passeth through all the left part of them to doe his Office The Lungs is divided into fiue Lobbes or Pellikeles or fiue portions that is to say thrée in the right side and two in the left side And this was done for this cause that if there fell any hurt in the one part the others should serue and doe their office And thrée causes I find why the Lungs were principally ordained First that they should draw cold wind and refresh the Heart The second that they should change and alter and purifie the ayre before it come to the Heart lest the heart were hurt and annoyed with the quantity of the ayre The third cause is that they should receiue from the heart the fumous superfluities that he putteth foorth with his breathing c. Behind the Lungs toward the Spondels passeth Myre or Isofagus of whom it is spoken of in the Anatomy of the Necke And also there passeth both Veynes and Arteirs and all these with Trachia Arteria doe make a Stoke replete vnto the Gullet with the Pannicles and strong Ligaments and Glandulus flesh to fulfill the voyd places And last of all is the Midriffe and it is an officiall member made of two Pannicles and Lazartus flesh and his place is in the midst of the body over-thwart or in breath vnder the region of the Spirituall members departing them from the
Suger if he have no disease in the Sinewes nor in the Ioynts A man that is very weake or accustomed much to sléepe after dinner an hours and a halfe after that he is risen from the Table he may take a reasonable sléepe All the time that a man is in them he must kéepe himselfe chastâ— from all women and so he must doe a moneth after after the counsell of divers learned Physitians and some for the space of forty dayes as Pantheus and Aleardus would namely if they come out of the Chauldron It were méete that in euery foure and twenty houres the Bath should be letten out and fresh water received into the pit againe for so shall you sooner be healed and better abide with lesse jeopardy abiding in the Bath It is most méete for them that haue any disease in the head as a Cathaire or Rhemne comming of moyst cause and not very hot For them that haue Palsies or such like diseases that they cause a bucket to be holden over their heads with an hole in it of the bignesss of a mans little finger about foure foote above their heads so that by the Réede or Pipe made for the nonce the water may come downe with great might vpon the mould of the Head if they haue the Cathaire and vpon the nape of the necke if the Patient be sicke of the Palsie or any such like disease The clay or grounds of the Bath is better for the Dropsie then is the water alone it is also good for shrunken swelled and hard places and for all old and diseased places which cannot well be healed with other medicines The matter is to lay the grounds vpon the place and to hold the same against the hote Sunne or a warme fire vntill it be something haâ—d and then to wash away the foulenesse of the Clay with the water of the Bath this may a man doe as oft as he lift Some Physitians counsell that betwéene the bathings when a man is twice bathed vpon one day in the time that the Patient is out of the bath to vse his plaistering with the Clay but if the person be any thing weake I counsell not to goe twice into the Bath but either once or else to be content with the plaistering of the mudde or grounds of the Bath It were good wisedome for them that cannot tarry long at the Bathes either for heate or for cold to take home with them some of the grounds and there occupie it as is afore-told There are certaine learned men which reckon that the hote breath or vapour that riseth vp from the Bathe is much more mightier then the water of the bath is and it is true therefore it ware well that they which haue any Dropsie and especially a Tympanie should sit over such a place of the Bath that they might receiue into the moyst diseased place the vapour of the bathe either by an holed froole or by some other such like manner of thing well devised for that purpose If any poore man by the heate of the drynesse of the Bathe cannot sléepe enough let him eate Lettice or Purflaine or the féedes of Poppy called Chesbowle in some places of England or let him eate Suger and Poppy séed together let this be done at night He may also if hóe cannot get the aforesaid things séethe Violet leaves and Mallowes and bathe the vtter-most parts with that they are sodden in These are remedies for poore â—olke that are not able to have a Physitian with them to giue them counsell Let the rich vse such remedies as their Physitians shall counsell them If any poore man be vexed with any vnsufferable thirst let him take a little Barley and séethe it long and put a little Suger vnto it or let him take the juyce of Orange or take a little of it with a little Suger If any poore man catch the Head ache let him take a little Wormelade if he can get it or Coriander Comfits or if hée can get none of these let him take the white of an Enge and beate it with Vineger and Rose water or with the broath of Violets or Nightshade or with any of them and a little Vineger and lay them in a cloath vnto the temples of his head and forehead If any poore man be burned soo much let him take a Glitter made with Mallowes Béetes and Violet leaves or let him séethe Prunes with Barley a good while and Raisins putting away the stones and eate of them or let him vse Suppositories sometimes made of rootes either of Béetes of Flower de-Luce or of white Sope or of salt Bacon If any man sweat too much let him vse colder meates than hée vsed before with Vineger or Verjuyce and let them also eate Shéepes-féete and Calves-féete with Verjuyce or Vineger If any man haue the burning of his water when he maketh it let him an houre after he is come out of the Bathe annoynt his Kidneyes with some cold Oyntment as is Infrigidus Galeni or if you cannot come by that let him seethe Violet leaues Poppy-heads Raisins Licorice and Mallowes together straine them and put some Suger in the broath and drinke of it a draught before Supper If any be troubled with the Rheume which he hath caught in the Bath let him parch or briâ—tle at the fire Nigella Romana and hold it in a cloath to his Nose and let him set cups or â—oring glasses to his shoulders without any scorching and let him drinke sodden water with Barley and with a little Suger If any man haue any appetite to eate let him vse the sirrups of Ribles or Barberian or the sirrup of vnripe Graâ—es or vse Verjuyce or Vineger to provoke appetite in due measure and now and then if yée can get it let him take a little Marmalade or of the sirrup of Mâ—â—to or Wormewood Romane These have I written for poore folke Those that are rich by the aduice of the Physitians may haue other Remedies enough against the fore-named accidents that chance in the time of their bathing If thou be rid of thy disease by thy bathing offer vnto Christ in thy pure members such offering of Thankesgiving as thou mayest spare and giue him hearty thankes both in word urinde and déed and sinne no more but walke in all kindnesse of life and honesty as farre as thou shalt be able to doe as long as thou shalt liue hereafter But if thou be not healed the first time be patient and liue vertuously till the next bathing time and then if it be to the glory of God and for thée most profitable thou shalt the next bathing time be healed by the grace of God of whom commeth all health both of body and soule Some if they be not healed whilest they be in the bathing cry out both vpon the Bath which healeth many other of the same Diseases that they are sicke of and of the Physitian also that counselled them to goe to the Bath such men
of the same then take the Hearbes finely beaten and mingle with them and the juyce a quantity of English Honey and vnwrought Waxe so boyle them together till it be all of one colour then take them from the fire and let them stand a while then put it into a Bason of faire water and so worke it out into rowles and lay it on Plaisters once or twice a day Another for the same approved TAke the Hearb Salendine and House looke of each equall quantity then bruise them in a Morter and take the myre of them and put it into the wound and annoynt the same therewith that done fill the wound with part of the bruised hearbs and so bind it vp and in short time it will heale the sore as by proofe hath beene seene A Plaister for the Stiche ANnoynt your side with the oyle of Mellilote then make a Plaister for the same Mellilote vpon a piece of Leather and change it but one a wéeke A Playster for the Phâ—rifie STampe well in a Morter foure ounces of the rootes of wild Mallowes well sodden put to it an ounce of Butter and an ounce and a halfe of Honey of Pigeons dung two drains mingle all together and â—â—nt right hot vpon the paiâ—e and soone after the corruption will breake A Plaister for the Collicke and Stone TAKe Peritory Camomill ground I vie leaves Cummin stampe them and boyle them in white Wine and make a Plaister thereof and put it about the Reines 〈◊〉 hot as may be suffered and see that it lye close round about behind and before A Plaister for the Head-ache and for hot Agues TAke red Mintes Leavened Bread of Wheate and white Vineger Make thereof a Plaister and say it to your Forehead for it helpeth â—iâ—eases in the Head and also hot Agues A hot drawing Plaister called Flowis TAke Rozen Perosine of each halfe a pound white Waxe foure ounces Frankensence foure ounces Masticke one ounce Déere suet foure ounces Turpentine foure ounces Camphere two drams white Wine a Pottle and so make a Plaister A Plaister called the vertue of our Lord. TAke oyle Olive one pound white Waxe two drams Galbum Ermony Opponacke two ounces Litarge halfe a pound Almons one dram Verdigreace one ounce Aristoligam Longuam one dram Myrrhe Masticke of each one ounce Lorell bayes two Drams Increse white one Dram Make the Plaister in this manner take and temper the Galbum Opponacke Ermony in good Vineger two dayes naturall and the other things to bée provided each by himselfe then take the Waxe and melt it with Oyle in a Kettle and the Gummes dissolved in Vineger in another vessell vpon the fire till the Vineger be sodden away then straine it vpon the said Oyle as strongly as you can stirre it well and then put in the Verdigreace the Astrologium and the other Gummes that were not put in before then it is made It healeth all wounds new or old and it doth heale more then all other Plaisters or Oyntments A Plaister for a sore Brest that must bee broken TAke one handfull of Groundsill a pinte of swéete Milke and a handfull of Oatemeale and séethe them together Make a Plaister thereof and lay it to it as hot as the Patient may suffer it and at every Dressing put too more Milke this vse no longer then it breakes A Plaister to heale it TAke one pound of Bores-greace and thrée Garlicke heads stampe them in a Morter till they be fine and put bath into a boxe and put thereto Beane flower to the quantity of two Egges bray them together and lay them to the Brest To make a Seare-cloath TAke Rozen and Perosine of each foure ounces Waxe two ounces Ollibanon two ounces Masticke halfe an ounce Turpentine two ounces and so make your Plaister OF MEDICINES and Remedies PART XI Here followeth divers Medicines and Remedies for to heale all Diseases curable by the grace of God as also the nature and property of certaine Hearbes and Plants belonging thereunto And first a most excellent Remedy to helpe the Fluxe of the Body with a certaine discourse thereon THE Fluxe of the Body is caused of superfluous heate conceived in the Stomacke the which maketh a continuall solution inwardly as yée may sée by experience of those that are troubled therewith for so long as the cause is not taken away all their meat doth runne into the matter the which if it be so that is true which I do say that the fluxes are a distemperance of the body caused of hot and corrupt humours in the stomacke and therefore if thou wilt cure it it were necessary to extinguish the heate and so take away the corruption the which thou shalt doe with the rednesse of Marte Mylletare written in this Booke following for that is the most soveraigne remedy that can bée found But first yée shall take twelve graines of our Petra Philosophalla with halfe an ounce Mel Rosatum and then take foure mornings together one scruple of the rednesse of Marte with halfe an ounce of Sugar Rosate and therewith thou shalt worke miracles For Perbreaking and for Fluxe SEeth Roses in Vineger or Tamarindes or Gaules and while it is hot wet therein Wooll and lay it on the stomacke for Vomit and on the Navill for Fluxe and on the Reines for appetite Aleanet is to sooder Wounds Aspaltum is Tarre of Indie it hath vertue to draw and sooder for if the powder thereof be strowed on a dry Wound it will soone close it though it be both broad and déepe Oates hath vertue to abate swelling and to make things soft Asarum maketh women to haue their tearmes openeth the Veynes of the Vrine and maketh a man well to pisse Asarum with Honey sleyeth Wormes dissolveth Winds and warmeth the stomacke clenseth the Liver and Veynes of the Guts and reynes of the Mother it putteth away Fever quotidian and helpeth the stinking of venomous Wormes Bolle if it be good is as it were white redded Ballestianes is the flowâ— of the Powgraner and Psidia is the rinde and it hath vertue to restraine as Bolle hath Brancha Urona hath vertue to make soft or to rypen Empostumes Bistorta or Tormentill hath vertue to straine together comfort and confound Bedellion hath vertue to constraine together it helpeth the Empostume both within and without it breaketh the stone and beateth the Cough Cadamen is the rootes of Parcely that hath vertue to dissolve to consume and to draw Camfere ought to bée kept in Marble Alablaster Lyntséed or Anyséed it is good for the Gomora and to abate a mans courage Coloquintida hath vertue to purge Flegme and Melancholy and for the Tooth-ache séethe it in Vineger Cassia fistula a Gargarisme made thereof and of the Iuyce of Morell dissolveth the Empostume in the Wezend and also for swelling in the Chéekes Ceruse is good to engender good flesh and to fret away evill flesh Capers is good to deâ—te cold Humours in the mouth and stomacke Concube and Quibebes
Occycronium Galbanum and Melitonum of each one a penny-worth and still them take a pound of stone Pitch and another pound of fine Rozen one halfe ounce of Camphere one quarterne of Déeres Suet halfe a quarter of a pound of Commin and boyle them on a soft fire together and thereof make a Plaister vpon a péece of Leather vsing it as the other Another for the same TAke the Gall of an Oxe and Aqua Compositia of each a like quantity as much of Oyle of Exeter as of both the other and labour them all together in a pot with a sticke the space of halfe an houre When you haue so done annoynt your palme therewith then wet a linnen cloth therein and as hot as you can suffer it bind it to the sore For apricke of a Thorne or any other thing TAke Honey and a good quantity of Chalke and of the Gall of a Beast into it and boyle them together and make a Plaister of it and as hot as you can suffer it lay it thereunto Let the Chalke be scraped very small Approved A Remedy for burning and Scalding TAke the white Wooll of the belly of an Hare and if it be raw lay it thereto and it will never away till such time it bée whole Another for the same TAke a Thistle called S. Mary Thistle stampe it and strain it and take thereof two spoonefuls and put to this thrée spoonefuls of Creame and mixe them together and annoynt the Patient therewith To kill a Tetter or Ring-worme TAke the root of a red Dock the roote is very red and slice it and lay it in Vineger a Night and after lay it vpon the Tetter and tye it with a cloth hard and it will kill the Tetter Approved For a winde or a Collicke in the belly TAke a Rose Cake and toast it at the fire with Vineger throwen vpon it and lay it as hot to your belly as you may suffer it For the Collicke TAke Mustard Figges and Vineger stamped together and lay it to the belly of the diseased cold in manner of a Plaister and it shall helpe Against the Shingles ANnoynt the Shingles with the juyce of Mynts and it will heale them To heale a wound in ten dayes as by proofe hath beene seene STampe Camphere with Barrowes greace and put it into the wound and it will heale it Approved For ache in the Backe TAke Egremont and Mugwort both Leaues and Rootes and stampe them small then mingle them well with old Déeres Sewet then sméere or annoynt the grieved place therewith very warme and after rowle it by hard For to heale in foure dayes the scalding with water or any other thing without Plaister or Oyntment it hath beene tryed and found true TAke an Onyon and cut him overthwart and wring out the juyce vpon the scalded place doing so every day â—â—â—ise it will heale it quickly To heale the Itch. TAke of Lapacinum Acutum or of Sorell and boyle it in water and wash therewith the diseased person or else take the rootes of Lawrell and being well brayed with Salt and bread annoynt therewith the body The like effect is done with the decoction of Egrimony and Sage made with Raine water and washing therewith the sicke person To heale Sores or Tetters TAke of Waxe of Ganabrinum in powder and of Oyle of Roses as much as shall be sufficient Make thereof an Oyntment Or else bray Cockle and Brimstone and mixe them with Vineger and make an Oyntment To remedy the swelling of the Legges TAke the Iuyce of Walwort of Waxe of Vineger of Barley Meale of each a like quantity Boyle it and make a Plaister and bind it vpon the sore A good Drinke to strengthen the heart and all the members if a man drinke halfe an Egge shell full of it morning and evening with as much good wine TAke the best Aqua Vitae that you can get and take a piece of fine Gold and make it glowing hot ten times and squench it againe the more you squench it the stronger waxeth the water and better Then put it into the same Aqua Vitae and halfe a quarter of an ounce of Saffron and a quarter of an ounce of Cynamon both beaten let them stand foure dayes well â—opped and stirre it every day once but when you will take it then let it stand 〈◊〉 â—nsâ—irted that it may be cleare This water warmeth the cold stomacke giveth strength to all the members specially to agee folkes that haue béene over long sicke whose strength is consumed 〈◊〉 for it comforteth and strengthneth the heart out of measure A speciall Medicine to cause sleepe TAke a spoonefull of Oyle of Roses spoonefull of Rose water and halfe a spoonefull of red Vineger and temper them all together then with a fine linnen cloth annoynt the Patients head An â—â—sie Remedy for the Tooth-ache TAke a sâ—ice of the Roote Acorus of some called in English Gladen of other Galanga which groweth in waters and marishes this must be laid gréene vpon the Tooth A piece of the gréene roote of Tormâ—ntill doth it likewise For swelling in the Throate TAke white Frankensence and cast a piece of it vpon hot coales then put a Thimble over it and let the smoake thereof goe into the Throate that helpeth and is oft times experimented and proved For the Canker in the mouth TAke halfe a pinte of Ale and a sprig of Rosemary and séeth them together and skim your Ale And then put in a piece of Allom as much as a Nut and a spoonefull of Honey and two spoonefuls of Honey suckle water To make the Face faire and the Breath sweet TAke the Flowers of Rose-mary and boyle them in white Wine then wash your face with it and vse it for â—o drinke and so shall you make your Face faire and your breath swéet A Remedy for a red face or a red nose TAke Litarge of Silver and Brimstone of each like much and seeth them in Rose water and Vineger and then with a linnen cloath wet in the said Vineger lay it to the sore A Remedy to qualifie the Coppered Face that is uâ—curable MAke a Bath with the flowers of Cammomell Violets Roses and Flowers of water Lillies then annoynt the place with Anguentum Album Campherarius and mixe that oyntment with a little yellow Brimstone and Quicksilver killed with fasting spittle and annoynt the Face withall A speciall good dyet for all copperous Faces ABstaine from all salt things spiced fryed meates and rosted meates also from drinking of Wine for it is very evill also Onyons Mustard and Garlicke are very naught in stâ—â—d of which you mâ—st take Pursâ—aine Sorrell Lettice Hops of Borrage with Succorâ— or endiue in Portage or otherwise Also it is necessary to be laxatiue and in sléeping to lay your head hye An easie Remedy to make the Teeth white TAke Vineger of Squiles and dip a little piece of Cloth in it and rub the Téeth or Gummes withall the said
Lauendercotten Valeriane Woodbine Strawberrystrings â—utsonâ—leaues Walnutleaues the tops of Burrage Sage vertue Romane worme wood Water-â—ittonie Cardus Benedictus Smalledge Camomill eight ounces Red Risi eight ounces vnset Tims fiue ounces of all these Hearbes let there be taken foure ounces of every hearbe which may be two handfuls of every one when they be picked cleane for all these hearbes the best time is in May or Iune and being gathered cleane picked and stamped you are to put them into thrée quarts of Neates fâ—â—te Oyle eight ounces of Sâ—â—leâ— oyle which is halfe a pinte eight ounces of May-butter foure ounces of Cloues to make it smell this being â—one let them stand a fortnight or thrée Wéekes till you may get twenty foure liue Swallowes-young or old and as soons as you haue them kill them and cut off the topâ— of the taile feathers and wing feathers and then stâ—â—pe them and put them into your Oyle this being done take a close Kettle of Copper with a close Cover and put in all these things and then the said Kettle with all before written to be set on the fire in another Kettle of boyling Water and to boyle in the water the spâ—râ— of fennâ— haures Then take it off and straine it hard through a strong Caâ—â—as cloth as hard as may be being hote from the fire but better it were to have a Presse for the same purpose This being prest out put it againe ouer the fire as before then boyle it fiue or sixe houres then take a pound of vnwrought Waxe cut it and shred it fine and boyling ouer the fire put in the Waxe to the rest and so boyle it two houres and in the boyling you may take 〈◊〉 some with a spoone and put it into a Sawâ—er till it be cold so shall you sée if it be thicke enough by tasting it in your fingers if it be too thinne put in more Waxe at your pleasure and being boyled the time aforesaid then powre it foorth into a faire large Earthen pot to â—â—le then take it and cut it in pieces and take it out that the water in the bottome may be powred out then boyle it once more an houre or a little more and so powre it into Gally pots and kéepe it for it is good for all Aches A Remedy for Deafenesse of the Eares TAke old Sallet oyle of Oliâ—es and take young Mice that be naked fresh cast without haire and put them in the same Oyle and let them lye 〈◊〉 in the same till they be rotten and take a piece of bombaste and dippe the same in the Oyle and put it in the Patâ—ents â—ares A Medicine for the Collicke and Stone TAke Nettles the leaues and stalkes of the same Nettles séethe the same vnto the third part in a new Pot and then straine the same liquor through a fine linnen cloth and drinke of the same every Morning and Night a Cup or Glasse full for the space of nine dayes After the same take the bloud of a 〈◊〉 Gâ—â—te and distill the same and drinke of it nine dayes as beforesaid A Remedy for a Cold. TAke a pound of Raisons of the Sunne and stone them foure ounces of white Sugar and beate them in a morter of stone and in the beating you must cast in some fine Licorice powder and halfe a spoonfull of Rosewater and then it will be like a Marmelade and eate it at sundry times A Medicine for the Cough TAke two spoonefuls of Aqua-vitae one spoonefull of Honey halfe a spoonefull of White Sugâ—r-Candy a little Sinamon and thrée cornes of long Pepper beaten altogether and boyled till it be like a Treacle An Oyntment that will drive away Lice from a mans body TAke an ounce of the groundings of oyle Oliue and two ounces of the groundings of Renish-wine and one ounce of Aruement and sure are thy body with it A very good Drinkâ— for an Ague if one shake TAke a quart of strong Ale and put therein nine Bay-leaues and séethe it till come to a pinte and then take out the Bay-leaues and put therein one pennyworth of Treacle a halfe-penny worth of Pepper stirring it well together and let it then séethe againe one walme and so take it off the 〈◊〉 and let the Patient drinke it as hote as he can and be couered as warme as be may abide the space of sixe or â—â—uen houres Probatum est Another Drinke for the Ague TAke a pinte of Ale and put therein one penny-worth of long Pepper and foure or fiue field Daysie rootes and then séethe the same well together and then let the Patient drinke the same as hote as he may suffer it and walke till he sweat it he be able or else layd downe and covered very warme that he may sweat well Also Burreleaues and Baysalt beaten together and bound about the wrist of the Patient is good for the same A drinke for one which is troubled with a paine in his Backe and maketh water that one may cut it with a knife which the Doctor saith is by reason he is troubled with a Worme in the bottome of his belly TAke the tender tops of Broome the rootes of Parcely Fennell and Smalledge of each one handfull a handfull of Purselaine wash them â—leane and then séethe them in a gallon of new Ale till a quart thereof be cousumed the which being so done take it off the fire and straine it into a vessell and kéepe it close stopped three or foure dayes and then let the Patient drinke no other drinke for the space of a wéeke For an Ague By Doctor Turner TAke Featherfew Wormewood and Sorrell of each a good great handfull stampe them and straine them hard and put thereto as much Suger in weight as the juyce weigheth and put them in a strong Glasse in a Skillet of warme wator the space of foure and twenty houres before you giue it to the Patient and their giue it twice a day two spoonefuls at a time in Ale or Posset-ale For the Backe CLarie is good for the Back and pills named Pillula agretiva majores pillula de serapino And these oyles be good for the backe Olium de piperibus Olium philosophorum cerotum Andromachi And I haue prooved these Oyles to be good the oyle of Mardine the Oyle of Alablaster and the oyle of water Lillies in hote causes the oyle of Poppy is very good in cold causes For a Scurffe in the Body THis infirmity doth come of a chollericke and Melancholy humour For this matter I take two ounces of Boares grease then I doe put in one ounce of the powder of Oyster-shells burnt and of the powder of Brimstone and thrée ounces of Mercury mortified with fasting spittle compound all these together and annoynt the body thrée or foure times and take an easie Purgation A worthy Balme REcipe Aqua-â—ite foure ounces Terobinthine one pound oleum vitre Romane foure ounces and draw this Balme well in Limbecke glasse for this will doe
through them to the Lunges or else a mans mouth should alwayes be open The second cause is that they helpe to the relation of the forme of the Nose for it is said a man speaketh in his Nose when any of these holes he stopped The third cause is that the concavity might be clensed by them when a man snuffeth the Nose or draweth into his mouth inwardly The Nose is a member consimple or officiall appearing without the face some what â—licable because it should the better be cleansed And it is to be perceived that it is compound and made of Skin and Lazartus flesh and of two Bones standing in manner triangle-wise whose extremities he joyned in one part of the Nose with the Coronall Bone and the nether extremities are joyned with two Gristles and another that divideth the Nosthrils within and holdeth vp the Nose Also there be two concavities or holes that if one were stopped the other should serue Also there is in the Nose two Muscles to helpe the working of his Office And Galen sayth that the Nose shapeth the Face most for where the Nose lacketh sayth he all the rest of the Face is the more vnséemely The Nose should be of a meane bignesse and not to excéed in length or bredth nor in highnesse For Aristotle saith If the Nosthrils be too thin or too wide by great drawing in of ayre it betokeneth great straitnesse of heart and indignation of thought And therefore it is to be noted that the shape of the members of the Body betokeneth and judgeth the affections and will of the soule of man as the Philosopher saith The Temples he called the members of the Head and they haue that name because of continuall mouing And as the Science of the Anatomy meaneth the spirit vitall is sent from the heart to the braine by Arteirs and by Veines and nutrimentall blood where the Vessels Pulsatiâ—es in the Temples be lightly hurt Also the Temple haue â—ents or holes inwardly wherein hée taketh the humour that commeth from the Braine and bringeth the Eyes asléepe and if the said Holes or Dents be pressed and wrung then by trapping of the humour that continueth hée maketh the teares to fall from the Eye The Chéekes are the sideling parts of the Face and they containe in them Musculus flesh with Veynes and Arteirs and about these parts be many Muscles Guido maketh mention of seven about the Chéekes and ouer-lip And Haly Abbas saith there be twelue Muscles that mooue the nether Iaw some of them in opening and othersome in closing or shutting passing vnder the Bones of the Temples and they be called Temporales And they be the right noble and sensatiue of whose hurt is much perill Also there bée other Musculus for to grinde and to chew And to all these Muscles commeth Nerues from the Braine to giue them féeling and mouing And also there commeth to them many Arteirs and Veynes and chiefly about the Temples and the angles or corners of the Eyes and the Lips And as the Philosophers say the chiefe beauty in man is in the Chéekes and there the complexion of man is most knowne as thus If they bée full ruddy and medled with temperate whitenesse and not fat in substance but meanely fleshie it betokeneth hot and moyst of complexion that is Sanguine and temperate in colour And if they be white coloured without medling of rednesse and in substance fat and soft quavering it betokeneth excesse and superfluity of cold and moyst that is flegmaticke And if they be browne in colour or cyfren yeallow redde and thinne and leaue insubstance it betokeneth great drying and heate that is choleticke And if they be as it were blowne in colour and of little flesh in substance it Betokeneth excesse and superfluity of drynesse and cold that is Melancholy And as Avicen saith the Chéekes doe not onely shew the diversities of complexions but also the affection and will of the Heart for by the affection of the heart by suddaine joy or dread he waxeth either pale or red The bones or bony parts first of the chéekes be two of the Nose outwardly two of the vpper Mandible two within the Nose thrée as thus One deviding the Nosthrils within and in each Nosthrill one and they séeme to be rowled like a water and haue a hollownesse in them by which the ayre is respired and drawne to the Lungs and the superfluity of the Braine is purged into the mouthâ—wards as in before rehearsed But Guido and Galen saith that there be in the face nine bones yet I cannot find that the nether Mandible should be of the number of those nine for the nether Mandible accounted there proueth them to be ten in number Of which thing I will hold no argument but remit it to the sight of your Eyes The parts of the mouth are fiue that is to say the Lippes the Téeth the Tongue the Vuila and the Pallet of the mouth And first to speake of the Lips they are members consimile or officiall full of Musculus flesh as is aforesaid and they were ordained for two causes one is that they should be to the mouth as a doore to a house and to kéepe the mouth close till the meat were kindly chewed The other cause is that they should be helpers to the pronouncing of the spéech The Téeth are members consimily or officiall spermaticke and hardest of any other members and are fastned in the Chéeke bones and were ordained for thrée causes First that they should chew a mans meate ere it should passe downe that it might bée the sooner digested The second that they should be a helpe to the spéech for they that lacke their téeth doe not perfectly pronounce their words The third is that they should serue to beasts as weapons The number of them is vncertaine for some men haue moe and some lesse they that haue the whole number haue two and thirty that is to say sixtéene aboue and as many beneath as thus two Dwallies two Quadripulles two Canniens eight Morales and two Causales the Tongue is a carnous member compound and made of many Nerues Ligaments Veynes and Artiers ordained principally for thrée causes The first is that when a man cateth the Tongue might helpe to turne the meat till it were well chewed The second cause is that by him is received the tast of swéete and sowre and presented by him to the common Wittes The third is that by him is pronounced euery spéech The fleshie part of the Tongue is white and hath in him nine Muscles and about the roote of him is Glandulus in the which be two welles and they be ever full of spettle to temper and kéepe moyst the Tongue or else it would ware dry by reason of his labour c. The Vuila is a member made of spongeous flesh banging downe from the end of the Pallet ouer the gullet of the throat and is a member in complexion cold and dry and oftentimes when
there falleth rawnesse or much moystnesse into it from the Head then it hangeth downe in the throate and letteth a man to swallow and it is broad at the vpper end and small at the nether It was ordained for divers causes One is that by him is holpen the sound of spéech for where the Vuila is wanting there lacketh the perfect sound of speech Another is that it might helpe the prolation of vomits Another is that by him is tempered and abated the distemperance of the ayre that passeth to the Lungs Another is that by him is guided the superfluities of the Braine that commeth from the coletures of the Nose or the superfluities should fall downe suddenly into the mouth the which were a displeasure The Pallet of the mouth containeth nothing else but a carnous Pannicle and the Bones that bée vnderneath it hath two divisions one along the Pallet from the division of the Nose and from the opening of the other Mandible vnder the nether end of the Pallet lacking halfe an inch and there it divideth overthwart and the first division is of the Mandible and the second is of the Bone called Piâ—illary or Bazillary that sustaineth and bindeth all other Bones of the head together The Skinne of the Pallet of the mouth is of the inner part of the stomacke and of Myre and of Isofagus that is the way of the meate into the Stomacke The way how to know that such a Pannicle is of that part of the stomack may be knowne when that a man is touched within the mouth anonhe beginneth to tickle in the stomacke and the néerer that he shall couch vnto the throat the more it abhorreth the stomacke and oftentimes it causeth the stomacke to yéeld from him that is within him and when a man doth vomit Also in the mouth is ended the vppermost extremity of the Wesand which is called Myre or Isofagus And with him is contayned Trachia arteria that is the way of the ayre whose holes be covered with a lap like a tongue and is gristly that the meat and drinke might slide ouer him into Isofagus the which gristle when a man speaketh is reared vp and covereth the way of the meate and when a man swalloweth the meate then it covereth the way of the ayre so that when the one is covered the other is discovered For if a man open the way of the ayre when he swalloweth if there fall a crum inco it hée shall never cease coughing vntill it be vp againe And this sufficeth for the Face CHAP. VI. The Anatomie of the Necke THE Necke followeth next to be spoken of Galen proveth that the Necke was made for no other cause but for the Lungs for all things that haue no Lungs haue neyther Necke nor voyce except Fish And you shall vnderstand that the necke is all that is contayned betwéene the head and the shoulders and betwéene the chin and the breast It is compound and made of foure things that is to say of Spondillis of Servicâ—bus of Gula and of Gatture the which shall be declared more plainly hereafter and through these passe the way of the meate and of the ayre but they be not the substance of the Necke The Spondels of the Necke be seven The first is joyned vnto the lower part of the head called Paxillary or Bazillary and in the same wise are joyned euery Spondell with other and the last of the seuen with the first of the Backe or Ridge and the Lygaments that kéepe these Spondels together are not so hard and tough as those of the backe for why those of the necke bée more féebler and subtiller The cause is this for it is necessary other while that the head moue without the necke and the Necke without the Head the which might not well haue béene done if they had béene strong and boystrous Of these aforesaid seuen Spondels of the Necke there springeth seuen paire of Sinewes the which be divided into the head and into the visage to the Shoulders and to the Armes From the hole of the first Spondell springeth the first paire of Sinewes betwéeen the first Spondell and the second and so forth of all the rest in like manner as of these Also these Sinewes receiue subtill will of the sinewes of the braine of which the Will and Sinewes and Flesh with a Pannicle make the composition of Muscles Lazartes and Brawnes the which thrée things are all one and be the Instruments of voluntary mouing euery member The Muscles of the Necke after Galen are numbred to be twenty mouing the Head and the Necke Likewise it is to be noted that there bée thrée manner of fleshes in the Necke the first is Pixwex or Seruisis and it is called of Children Gold haire or yeallow haire the which are certaine Longitudinals lying on the sides of the Spondels from the head downe to the latter Spondell And they are ordained for this cause that when the Sinewes be weary of ouer much labour with mouing and travell that they might rest vpon them as vpon a Bed The second Flesh is Musculus from whom springeth the Tendons and Cords that moue the Head and the Necke which be numbred twenty as is before declared The third Flesh replenisheth the void places c. The third part of the Necke is called Gutture and it is standing out of the throat boll The fourth part is called Gula and the hinder part Cervix and hath that name of the Philosophers because of the Marrow comming to the Ridge bones It is so called because it is as it were a servant to the Braine For the Necke receiveth and taksth of the braine influence of vertue of mouing and sendeth it by sinewes to the other parts of the body downewards and to all members of the body Héere you shall vnderstand that the way of the meate and Mire or Isofagus is all one thing and it is to be noted that it stretcheth from the mouth to the Stomacke by the hinder part of the Necke inwardly fastned to the Spondels of the Necke vntill hée come to the first Spondell and there hée leaveth the Spondell and stretcheth till hée come to the foremost part of the Breast and passeth through Diafragma till hée come to the mouth of the stomacke and there hée is ended Furthermore it is to bée noted that this Weasand is compound and made of two Tunicles or Coates that is to say or the inner and of the vtter The vtter Tunicle is but simple for hée néedeth no Retention but onely for his owne nourishing but the inner Tunicle is compound and made of Musculus Longitudinall Will by which he may draw the meate from the mouth into the stomack as it shall hée more plainly declared in the Anatomy of the stomacke Furthermore Cana Pulmonis via trachia Arteria all these be one thing that is to say the Throt-boll and it is set within the Necke besides the Wesand towards Gula and is compound of the Gristle