Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	cod_n	fall_v	fell_a	16	3	16.3531	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A90749	Platerus golden practice of physick fully and plainly discovering, I. All the kinds. II. The several causes of every disease. III. Their most proper cures, in respect to the kinds, and several causes, from whence they come. After a new, easie, and plain method; of knowing, foretelling, preventing, and curing, all diseases incident to the body of man. Full of proper observations and remedies: both of ancient and modern physitians. In three books, and five tomes, or parts. Being the fruits of one and thirty years travel: and fifty years practice of physick. By Felix Plater, chief physitian and professor in ordinary at Basil. Abdiah Cole, doctor of physick, and the liberal arts. Nich. Culpeper, gent. student in physick, and astrology.	Platter, Felix, 1536-1614.; Cole, Abdiah, ca. 1610-ca. 1670. aut; Culpeper, Nicholas, 1616-1654. aut	1664 (1664)	Wing P2395A; ESTC R230756	1,412,918	573

retained but carried to the Navel by the vessel that endeth there and gathered under the skin and to produce a tumor like a bladder of water and from thence to flow into the Belly and to break out of the Body so plentifully that the whol belly was emptied We saw one that had his Belly swollen before he died from the breaking of his Bladder and his urin dispersed into his belly in regard another had leaped upon his belly when he lay upon the ground drunk which brake his bladder being stretched out with Drink And it is probable that the same may happen from the breaking or otherwise opening of the Ureters when the water flows out and that a Dropsie may come from thence because they may live long after This I have observed in a Child which new born lying in his Cradle after a long suppression of Urine voided a little stone and much Urine therewith and growing older died miserably of a Dropsie with shortness of breathing having first had great pain in his right Groyne when his Urine was stopped for a time till his Ureters broke which caused the Dropsie If water fall into the cavity of the Cod it will either cause that Tumor which is in the Dropsie Ascites with Swelling of the Belly Water fallen into the Codds is the cause of Hydrocele or water Rupture or the Hydrocele which is without a Dropsie And this tumor being waterish comes from no other part then the belly in both cases into which it first fell and from thence fell into the Codds And that two waies the one by Aanastomosis or Diapedesis which is when the water goes under the skin from the belly into the Codds as in the Dropsie Ascites where it falls the same way into the Feet also The other way is by the Peritonaeum which brings the seminary Vessels to the Codds if it be so enlarged that the water gathered in the Belly may fall by it into the Codds for albeit the relaxation be not so large as that is by which the Guts fall into the codds yet if it be small the water may distil by drops And this relaxation may come from the water only which moistneth that part of the Belly where these passages are without other force but if such be there is a greater Dilatation and Rupture the way being enlarged and the Codds are sooner filled as we shewed in the Dropsie-rupture But if Moistness be the cause only it will come with much water as in the Dropsie but in the watery Rupture it will come slower because there is but little water and falls by degrees into the belly and so into the codds And we have shewed that not only solution of continuity in the Bowels and Vessels but also Anastomosis and Diapedesis of the Meseraick Veins may be the cause of gathering water into the belly in a Dropsie And this seems to proove that in a Hydrocele the water doth sweat through or drop from the Mouths of the Vessels because that in this case they have no other Disease but Swelling of the Codds and it is long a growing and the water is by Degrees carried through the Tunicles of the Veins or Mouths thereof And we have shewed that this may come from the same Causes from which the Dropsie sometimes proceeds but less and such as bring less Damage in regard the water Naturally sweating forth and bedewing the inward parts of the Belly although it abound not much yet may it without a preternatural Cause be gathered into the Codds the wayes being laid open by Moisture or the like causes and so the relaxation of the Passages may be the only cause of Hydrocele or Water-rupture When a serous Humor falls into the Groynes of women When the water gets into the Groins it causeth those watry Tumors in Women it makes a Tumor like the water Rupture And that by reason of the loosness of a Passage by which a certain Vessel comming from the womb is carried without the Peritonaeum into the Privities not unlike that of men which serve the seminary Vessels Which relaxation may come from the same causes with Hydrocele by reason of its moistning the parts and becauseit was first in the Belly Among which Causes strong throws in Child-beaing or Ruptures in this part may occasion the Dilatation and the Tumor following thereupon Somtimes in Dropsies the Humor which is gathered in the Belly In the Dropsie Ascites there is a Collection of water in the Cavity of the breast is carryed to the cavity of the Breast which is perceived after Death upon Dissection though before it appeared by no tumor except as we said in an Empyema or matter in the side there be so much of it gathered together that it cause a Swelling in the spaces between the Ribbs Besides we may gather from shortness and difficulty of breathing which then troubles Hydropical Persons more though they stand upon their Feet that there is water in the Breast because as when it is in the Belly by washing the Midriff below so when in the breast by oppressing it above it causeth weight and hindering its motion two waies causeth difficulty of breathing and the rather because it somwhat hinders the motion of the Lungs But how it is carried from the belly to the breast we cannot find another way then by the Midriff because that separates the parts and by which as by the Peritonaeum or inward Rimme and the Muscles thereto adhaering we have shewed that it may sweat into the Belly or be carried by the Mouths of the Vessels so also may it here pass through the Midriff except some corrosion as we shall shew may be by water long retained or other perforation do make it way For which Reason if water comming not from the belly in a Dropsie but another part into the breast as in other Discases passing through the Midriff fall into the lower belly it may cause a Tumor there or if it go farther a Tumor in the Feet And this we suppose to be the cause why short breathed or Asthmatical People are Hydropical except the Causes of both Diseases do meet and at length though not presently the Feet in the Diseases of the Breast will swell except the water find another way under the Skin from the Breast downwards Water getting into the hollow of the womb A Flux of water by the womb in the Dropsie Ascites and enlarging it causeth the belly to swell and this is called the Womb-Dropsie But we shewed in the Diseases of the womb that the capacity of it was not so large to hold so much water nor can it be so dilated except there be a Child growing therein yet it may happen that water gathered in the Belly may be voided externally by the womb either all or it in part which may cause the asswaging of the Tumor which caused men to think that was gathered in the womb But when this is so it is poured

strieghtened within or stopped by a Tumor The Cure of difficult swallowing from a Tumor Inflammation or Desluxion or hurt by things taken in if there be pain the Cure shal be mentioned in the pains of the neck If it be pressed by external Injuries or loosning of the Spondil From Compression of the Gullet in regard it hinders breathing which is the greatest danger we shewed in Respiration what should be done If Vomiting be profitable to prevent Diseases The Cure of hard Vomiting as Avicen commends it once in a month or oftener or if it be necessary in Diseases to expell things that trouble the Stomach and if it be difficult by reason of the unfitness of the Constitution by reason of the short neck and streightness of the breast and mouth of the stomach it is often inconvenient to force it But if in such natures it is necessary and there be striving without success We have shewed in divers Diseases where Vomiting is required how to provoke it by filling the Belly and subverting it as they call it and tickling the Jaws and Throat We shal shew in Cardialgia or Heart-burning The Cure of difficult belching how that imperfect Belching with heat of stomach is to be cured CHAP. VII Of the Defect of Dejection or going to Stool The Kinds THere is a Defect of natural Excretion of Excrements from the Belly and it is called Constipation or Astriction or binding of the Belly Belly-bound In which either nothing is voided and the Belly is wholly stopped Or the Excrements are voided seldom or less than is fit or with great labor and straining This is somtimes in sound people whose nature is to go seldom to stool Or according to Hippocrates it comes from the change of age so that they who are in youth loose-bodied are bound in old age and so contrarily In others it is from an evil custom and life as shal be shewed and is the cause of diseases It is a Symptom in divers Diseases both of the lower belly joyned with Heart-pain Colick Jaundies Ruptures and other accidents And of the Head with pain giddiness and the like And in Feavers this is a familiar symptom And in other diseases it is so usual that it is the first and last symptom of which the Patient complaineth The Causes The Guts containing the Excrements must needs be afflicted in every Constipation or binding either primarily when they are stopped or secondarily when they have lost their expulsive faculty When the Guts are straitned so that the passage of the Excrements is hindered the Belly is bound And this straitness may come from astriction or Convolution We call it Astriction when the Guts have lost their slippriness Driness of Excrements is the cause of Constipation or binding and are dried and wrinkled or when they are bound and made straiter Hence is it that Driers Binders sower and sharp things taken as they astringe the Gullet and wrinkle the Jaws so if they be taken imoderately especially fasting they stop the Guts and their passages and bind the belly And this may come from long fasting and too much evacuation And from heat that drieth the guts or rather the Excrements as we shal shew Some say that the Guts may be pressed and stopped by a Tumor in the Mesentery but we think it not to be possible because when a Woman is with child that great Tumor dorh not cause constipation without some other accident The thin Guts are somtimes so rouled together in the disease called Convolvulus Convolution or rouling together of the Guts the cause of Constipation or Costiveness so that they are closed and the Excrements cannot descend but are vomited up either with pain called Ileon when the Guts are inflamed or with repletion of excrements without Inflammation as we shal shew in pains But this is most usual in Ruptures when the Guts fal into the Cods from the breaking of the Peritonaeum by reason of the evil position of the Guts There is an ordinary Constipation from the Obstruction of the Guts with proper Excrements Obstruction of the Guts by excrements is the cause of Constipation not only when they abound but when they are dry hard thick clammy and hinder the Excrements that follow This is usually in the Orifice where the thin Guts use to open themselves into the thick by reason of the straitness there where they have been so fixed that the constipation hath been deadly as we have observed in Anatomy This is often in the Colon in the great turning thereof before it comes to the Rectum by the hard dung reteined and stopping and binding the Belly with the pain of the Colick And somtimes such hard dung is in the Arse-gut and not voided without great straining or help of Art The dung grows hard when the meat is too solid and dry as we see in Dogs that eat bones especially when they drink little The same comes from the use of hot and dry meats And it is in hot natures when the Liver and parts adjacent are too hot in whom if they go not every day to stool through long sitting riding or lying in the bed because the excrements fall down better when the body is upright or moved the Excrements grow hard from their internal heat that drieth them Hence it is that Senators Riders and old Men complain of costiveness And as it comes from moderate heat so may it come from hot diseases and Feavers From fasting also the Guts and excrements that remain may be dried not only in the time of fasting but after if they be very hungry And that because nature being exhausted draws whatsoever chylus or humor is in the meat to recruit her by the Mesaraicks and so leaves the Excrements dry and hard Hence it is that after a long Disease when the Patient eats much he complains of a constipation And though they who nourish wel have rather a dry than moist belly the Guts can scarce be so stopped by any thing but Excrements Stopping of the Guts by other things besides excrements is the cause of constipation for things that are swallowed though great and hard if they pass the Gullet may also pass the Guts except they stick in the Fundament And what is written of the stone in the Guts it is rare and can scarce be so big as to stop the Guts except dung as they say be turned to a stone If the Guts lose their pricking and the expulsive faculty doth not move them Loss or Dulness of sense is the cause of Costiveness our wil is also at rest being not admonished thereby and there is no dejection This is when the Guts either feel not or very little from the fault of the Nerves of the sixth or seventh conjugation from whence the Nerves of the Guts arise And in a general stupefaction they suffer with the other Nerves and there is no dejection as here in particular The same

was grown very big We also saw a woman loose a great deal of Blood with great Pulsation from the opening of a Vein which could scarce be stopped although many Remedies were applyed having a beating Tumor after the wound was healed which declared it to be an Aneurism And this came either because the Artery was cut by chance in the fleshless bending of the Arm where the Tumor was by reason of the blood ebbing and flowing under the skin after the wound was healed in the skin and not in the Artery Or because the Mouth of the Artery was fresh dilated before the incision was made and that caused that when the skin was cut there was a Flux which caused a Tumor after the cut was healed Neither can an Aneurism not be from the Arterial blood when it is under the skin and corrupted although this may be when blood is sent from the Veins into the empty spaces yet when Blood leaping from the Artery thus opened returns again and the skin is instead of an Artery it may be without concretion as when it is in the Artery And because this cannot be in the Veins an Aneurism cannot be from venal Blood A watery serous Humor produceth in divers places both general and particular Tumors because it is contained in divers parts of the body as in the veins which are dispersed all over and Bowels into which they are sent or in other Vessels being separated from the blood from which places somtimes simple Water otherwhiles mixed with other Humors comming forth produceth divers kinds of Tumors differing exceedingly as they are in the cavity of the Abdomen or Belly Codds Groyns or in the superficies of the Body either in the inferior parts only or al over as shall be shewed in particulars A serous Humor like Water getting into the Cavity of the Belly Water sent into the Cavity of the Abdomen is the cause of the dropsie Ascites or Abdomen causeth the Dropsie Ascites and then the belly swells more or less according to the quantity of the Water and is somtimes so full that it grows very large in which by tapping we have seen taken from the Living and found somtimes in the Dead threescore pound weight and above of water when much had formerly run out at the Feet which water doth not only burden with its weight but by pressing lying and hindering the free Motion of the Diaphragma or Midriff causeth difficulty of breathing of which they so complain and especially when the water goes more to the Midriff and oppresseth it hence it is that they breath better when they are standing for then the water goes downwards And if the same water weaken the Bowels Liver Spleen Veins Stomach and Guts by making them too moist or by its saltness or sharpness from mixture with other Humors or by its Corruption through long continuance till it stink make them too dry the Mesentery Cawle and Reins will be dryed and drawn up and the Fat clodded as we have seen Or if this water corrode the exulcerate in any part or putrifie the same we have seen the Cawle yellow and stinking in many as well as contracted and the Midriff hath been found the same in and opening of Hydropical People if this happen or if any other Bowels be hurt by this Water it will produce worse Symptoms in the hurt Functions of natural parts as want of Appetite Thirst Cachexy Atrophy and Diarrhaea and the like as by Corruption and Gangren of the Stomach by the water long contained therein a Vomiting with Heat and vehement Inflammation of the Oesophagus or Wezand which I saw in an Hydropical Woman which a liltle before her Death vomited often abundance of black stinking Water with great Inflammation of the Throat The cause of this water in the capacity of the Belly is from the parts of the lower belly which contains the Water or from the Bowels that are ordained for Sanguification as the Liver Spleen Reins or from the Veins which go through those parts and the rest or from the Bladder that holds the water from which if they be divided or the continuity dissolved by Diapedesis by which it is strained or Anastomasis by which the Mouths are open this water falls as shall be shewed in particulars Fernelius witnesseth that there is no Dropsie but it is caused by the solution of the continuity or Division of the Parenchyma or substance of the Liver And this by Anatomy we have often known And that chiefly when the substance of the Liver is cleft and gapeth from whence the water passing by it from the Vessels of the hollow and gate Vein and sweating under the Coats being there constrained fills them with water and makes them like bladders by separating the Tunicles from the parts under them which being broken the water runs into the Belly we have often seen these Bladders very large and clear growing to the Liver and Spleen in Men dead of the Dropsies and in an Ape and Butchers find the same in Cattel And when these coats are corroded the water falls directly into the belly The great Dryness of the substance of the Liver which makes it grow less is the cause of these clifts in the Liver And this came rather by a hot then cold Distemper as appears by the great Thirst of Hydropical People and the high Colour of their Urin and other signs of heat rather then cold and in regard they have it that time most deliciously with spiced meats and drink the strongest wine and so continue being young or aged at which time they fall into a Dropsie by reason of the Dryness of their bowels and they jestingly complain that they are troubled with water though they never drank it in their lives And this we have observed to have been the chief cause of dropsies in our Country and we perceive that a perpetual thirst in Drunkards which they long have had from the hot Distemper of their bowels which makes them ever drinking is a most sure fore-runner of a Dropsie if another Disease doth not prevent it by Death This also may come by heating of the Bowels immoderately with hot Medicines with which Women labour to warm the Stomach and Womb or when they have other cold Diseases These bowels may also be dryed and cleft by hot sharpe and constant Diseases as Feavers and Jaundies and therefore the Dropsie which sheweth rather the signs of heat then cold followeth these Diseases From a hard Tumor of these Bowels either all over them or in any part in the concave or convex part of the Liver or in the Spleen may these Clefts come from a Scirrhus of the Liver or Spleen or any other Tumor which will turn to an Imposthume Or there may be such openings by which the water may fall into the Abdomen because from this Hardness the Tunicle quickly cleaveth and if it imposthume and ulcerate then there is way made for the water as shall be said in

this may be and that the water may flow from the Veins mentioned by the blind Pores and Mouths without solution of continuity and that without mixture of Blood or Tincture thereof appear thus because as into other parts it breaks forth suddenly and in great plenty both internally by divers Defluctions as also externally by Sweats Tears Snot and by the Womb fluxes so also in the Meseraiks there may not only be some Natural breathing of Moisture into the Belly as we may perceive a constant Moisture but it may preternaturally fill the Belly and the easier because in those Veins the Whey which is made of Meat and drink and continually brought with the Chylus doth more abound then in other parts And as in ordinary Fluxes called Diaerrhaea or in such as are caused by purging This water or whey returns back without Blood by the Mouths of those Veins by which it entered even so by the internal Mouths by which the branches are closed about the ends being laid open it may flow into the Belly without any Tincture of Blood By the same reason doth the Serum or Whey seperated by the Kidneys from the Blood flow into the Bladder from all which we gather that the Dropsie Ascites may come though others think it impossible Also in opening of men that died of Dropsies when we have seen no manifest solution of Continuity but abundance of water in the belly and Veins conjecturing that it came that way into the Belly we were bolder to affirme it because in a Hydrocelae or watery Rupture the water may from the same Cause flow into the belly and thence into the Cod as we shewed The Cause of this Anastomosis and Diapedesis or opening of the Vessels in the Meseraick Veins is too much Serum or Whey therein which opens them by stretching or tenuity or thin waterishness which easily pierceth For then it being in the Meseraick Vessels except it go back by the same waies by which it entred into the Guts and so be purged forth by stool it breakes through these Vessels and falls into the Abdomen or Belly This abundance of water is the cause when its passage from the Meseraicks by the Liver into the hollow Vein is hindered This happens especially when the attractive Faculty of the Liver is weakned so that it cannot attract the Serum and send it to the hollow Vein which is mixed with the Chylus and is also a Portion of the blood and somtimes separated from it for Reasons mentioned in the Cachexy which comes from the weaknes of the Liver They have also conceived that the passage may also be hindered by the Obstruction of the Liver with a Humor or Hardness or Scirrhus which if so great as that it stop the Serum from coming to it the blood shall be hindered also and then there would be an Atrophy sooner then a Dropfie but without that the same may happen if the Serum which is in the hollow Vein and cannot get its Natural Passage by Urine is so much in quantity that it being not able to subsist there it is sent by Nature by its branches into the Liver and the branches of the Gate-vein Or flie otherwise back and so be gathered together The cause of this may be the weakness of the attractive Faculty of the Kidneys Or an Obstruction so great especially in both Ureters that the Serum cannot get into the Bladder The cause of which we have declared in other Symptomes of Pissing It hath been thought that the same may come from stoppage of wonted Sweat but this cannot alone be the cause or without another because at that time the serum may be evacuated by Urine Also the superfluous Generation of Serum the cause whereof we shall shew in the Causes of Leucophlegmacy if it be joyned with the rest will sooner produce a Dropsie and being then a greater quantity of water it will sooner pass the waies shewed into the Abdomen And as this comes from Moisture taken in so the Dropsie Ascites comes by continual Drinking not onely through the hurt of the Bowels caused by much Drink but because there is plenty of water thereby in those usually who piss not according to the proportion of the Drink received but the Serum abounds in the Veins by which they are heavy and they complain of Heavyness and Extension of the belly before they have a Dropsie It may be declared by probable Arguments and certain Demonstrations that the water falling into the Belly may Cause a Dropsie by the dividing of the Meseraick Veins which contain the Omentum and Mesentery For somtimes by an external chance when any Vein is by violence broken many have had a Dropsie For first Blood and Water have flowed from thence into the Belly and when the Wound hath been turned into an Ulcer or to corruption of the Bowels which have been found after Death a Dropsie hath followed by the continual Distillation of water from thence and commonly bloody stools and vomits have gone before afterwards mattery and filthy Which Ulceration or Corruption by which the Serum falls down may come by a Corrosion in the Omentum or Mesentery where the Veins are when sharpe and malignant Humors retained in these Veins which use to be full of Excrements eates them through and so may cause a Dropsie As also if this corruption in the Membranes and Vessels come from the long retension of stinking water as we shewed we perceive in all Dissections of Dropsies that the Omentum and Mesentery are by this means infected which being so though it be not the chief cause of the gathering of the water seeing it came from other parts yet because it then distilleth from thence it causeth the water to increase and the more when other Bowels are so infected with this water that they are also broken It is credible that water may fall into the Belly and cause a Dropsie from other veins that press inward as the Vena cava or hollow Vein and its branches dispersed to the Reins the Womb and other parts as Muscles and Membranes by Anastomosis or Diapedesis which are when they are opened and especially in a Cachexy or the like wherein there is much water and more especially in women who used to have Evacuation of this water by their courses or after them by the whites which being stopped causeth the water to find out another way out of the veins In these Veins it cannot so easily come by solution of continuity because if it be in the greater Veins there will be a bloody Flux which will prevent a Dropsie by Death and the lesser veins lying deep are not so subject to Jnjuries as those called Meseraicks which are in the Omentum We have found in the Anatomy of Hydropical Persons much water in the Navel-vein where it is joyned to the liver and Peritonaeum being dilated which in People of age resembles rather a Ligament then an hollow Vessel Somtimes we have found it not only there

up And if this be salt or sharpe provoking Nature and in divers parts It causeth those watery Pustles in the Itch called Hydroae Also another external force may cause the same when the scarfe skin is raised as also by rubbing or burning as we shewed Wind begets some of the Tumors aforesaid differing according to their parts as in the Belly Codds Stomack and Guts or the like Wind gathered and kept in the cavity of the Belly Wind comming from other parts into the hollow of the Belly or bred there is the cause of the simple Tympany or if with water of the Ascites is the chief Cause of the Dropsie called Tympany and it is seldom without water And it must be in the cavity of the belly and stretch it forth very large and we may know there is wind by the sound thereof when it is beaten And somtimes there is a pricking pain by reason of the Distension of the Membranes These winds getting into the belly because no parts beneath in which it may be retained so plentifully must needs come from the Stomach and the Guts But the doubt is which way for it seems impossible that they should come through the blind Passages of the Stomach and Guts ' because they are easily held in with the smallest Membrane and a thin Humor will with more ease sweat out then wind break forth And it is plain that they come not from solution of Continuity in the bowels because then the Chyle of other Excrements would also come forth Therefore it is probable that if wind be carried from the Stomach and Guts into the Belly it first gets into the little mouths of the Meseraick Veins and from them as we shewed the water doth into the cavity of the Belly And this appears in that the water may come the same way which is commonly mixed with the wind except as some say the wind passing by the inward Tunicle of the Guts into the outward and piercing through the mesentery where it is joyned unto them get in and being contained between two Tunicles at length gets through them into the Belly and whether it come this way or that it is rare as also the Tympany and not but from abundance of wind by which the Guts are so distended that they are so thin that wind may pass through And this cannot be except it be so inclosed in the Guts that it can find no other way upward or downward This abundance of wind is continually made in the Guts and Stomach from great weakness therein turning that by its weak Heat into wind which should have been concocted from whence also may come the Dropsie called the Tympany from wind and water if the Liver be weakned also and water be mixed Now the great Obstruction and gathering together of the Guts causeth that it cannot go forth downwards by its Natural Passage and therefore the pain of the Colick comes first with the binding of the Belly as we shewed in those Diseases and from what Causes they came And if they continue and the wind be carried into the Belly as we said the Belly will begin to swell and the pain of the Cholick remains as at fi●st with the binding or costiveness of the Body till by continual dilatation or Enlargement a way is made that the wind which was in the Guts may have a free Passage and cause no more pain and if this wind break away yet that which is without the Guts doth not but the belly is swollen and the pain of the Cholick is turned to a Tympany If dropsie Bodies were often anatomized it would be found out that wind in a Tympany doth sometimes get into the space or vacuity of the Belly by reason of some manifest Solution of continuity in the Stomach or Guts which were before stretched exceedingly thereby or by some other waies and this may hence be collected because it is the worst of all Dropsies therefore the hurt ought to be great and if it were so in an Ascites it would be incurable And if the Solution of continuity be so great that the Chyle and the Excrements also get into the belly it will sooner kill but if only water and wind without thick Matter as it may be the life will be prolonged Besides this Cause of the Tympany which comes from the wind of the Guts getting into the belly there is another which comes from wind bred in the cavity of the belly And this is when the watery Humor with which the belly is alwaies moistned sweateth too plentifully from the Meseraick Veins or comes too fast from the Mouths of them and turns into wind which retained for want of passage causeth a Tympany And if the whol Humor turn into wind which is seldom it will be a simple Tympany but if mixed with water a Compound which is most usual In which kinds if water abound not over much and falls not into the Feet or other parts from the cavity of the Belly nor causeth Swelling any where else neither can it be discovered in the belly But if there be so much by the continual Increase thereof that the Tumor of the Belly not only extends it but causeth a Noise of Water falling into one side when the Patient turns and the water falls into the Feet there is an Ascites with the Tympany Now the Cause of this wind turning into water in regard we have shewed in Ascites the cause that brings it into the belly may be the Heat of the inward Bowels which maketh the water turn into a Vapor or thick Wind as it may do in in any part of the body where there is space and Humidity As we have shewed that in the Ascites when water is carried from the cavity of the belly into the Codds it makes the Tumor called Hydrocele or Water-rupture so when wind comes from the same part into the Codd and puffeth it up it causeth the Pneumatocele or windy Rupture Which we never saw in a Tympany and it is seldom alone and when it is there is commoly water with it But by wind brought thither that Swelling in the Codds which comes with the pains of the Cholick and vanisheth presently may be produced Nevertheless the cause of both is the dilating of the Passages of the Peritonaeum and it is less when wind only with a little Moisture gets by degrees into the Codds This Dilatation or stretching in P●eumatocele or Wind-rupture may come from divers Causes mentioned in Hernia especially in young tender Bodies which are subject to these as well as other ruptures by crying and the easier if there be wind in the belly as it useth to be without a Dropsie in those that are sound otherwise being made of water turned into wind as in all vacuities of the body it may be and we shewed a Tympany cometh the same way and though the wind be not much and disperseth it self yet if there be a Passage to the Scrotum open it will get

Eyes called Phlyctaenae If the Dropsie Ascites come from the dividing of the substance of the Liver or Spleen The Cure of the Dropsie Ascites by Driness Hardness or Scirrhus or other Tumor or Ulcer or total Corruption or Stroak or Wound of the same it is almost incurable as when it comes from Hurt of the Kidneys or breaking of the Bladder or Ureters or from the breaking of the Meseraick Veins with the Cawle of the Mesentery or from Ulceration or Corruption of the same it is incurable But if it come from too much water in the Passages of the gate and hollow Vein and sweating from thence into the Belly or distilling by Anastomosis or opening of the Vessels it may be cured so there be not caused a weakness of the Liver or Reins or both Ureters be not so stopped that they cannot be opened which is seldom seen Or if the water in the Belly long contained have notinfected the Bowels and Caule and Mesentery as is usual These things observed if you know the cause you may better foretell but if you know it not or doubt of it you must speak less boldly of the Cure But if the Urine be very red it is dangerous if white and crude there is more Hope In the Cure of this first consider the cause if it come from the weakness of the Liver or Spleen Coldness Stoppage Hardness Scirrhus or any Tumor thereof the cure is chiefly as the Cachexy partly as the Jaundies which come from the same cause and go before the Dropsie of which we have spoken so largely that we shall not need to speak more As also if it come from Heat and Dryness of the Bowels we laid down the cure in Cachexy which useth to go before it But if it come rather from the weakness of the Kidney or stoppage of the Ureters you may cure it with Remedies mentioned in the Suppression of urine After this consider action let us bend our whole Force to get the water out of the Belly before it corrupt the Bowels by purging by Urine and by Sweat and if these will not do we must use outward Applications and Openings And this must be done in the Feet also to take away their Swelling and that when the water flows out that which is in the Belly may come in its place and if the Codds be swollen you must apply things that may allay and consume the Swelling But in other causes which are hard or impossible to be removed as when the Bowels are broken or cracked by Heat and Driness we must use rather cold and moist then hot and dry Remedies which in all other Dropsies are used as we shewed in cachexy that comes of the same cause Also in Hardness of the Bowels or Swelling of the same you must soften them with Medicines there mentioned these are better to prevent a Dropsie then to cure it in that cause or when the Bowels or Vessels are hurt or corrupted In these desparate cases notwithstanding we must labour to abate the Symptomes and take the water of the Feet and Belly to hinder the shortness of breathing and least the water continuing by its stinking and hurting the Bowels should produce worse accidents or breaking into the Feet by force or by opening it should cause Inflammation and Gangraen which causeth a miserable Death all this is done by the following Remedies In this Dropsie purging is good both to open Obstructions and to carry away the water of which they which are used to open Obstructions especially in the Bowels which cause a Cachexy and Jaundies if these be with the Dropsie are best And in other Causes they are better then Hydragoga or water Purgers because they provoke Nature to avoid it and they are mixed with things proper for the Bowels For the other that is Hydragoga must violently provoke the expulsive Faculty if there be much water and therefore they easily inflame the body by sharpness and burning and except warily given and well prepared they knaw and burn up the Stomach and Bowels Therefore use these as the last Remedies when all fail yet if by chance Nature being moved thereby may not onely send forth the water which is in the Veins near and fa● off by the mouths of the Meseraick Vessels to the Guts again which is easily done but also that she might purge forth that which is in the belly by the same way it came as she doth often wonderfully All these are done by these following Remedies The common Medicines which are good to open the obstructions of the Liver and Spleen are mentioned in the Jaundies and Cachexy and Leucophlegmacy and these may be used here in the beginning to purge water before we come to stronger Medicines As Potions chiefly of Rhubarb which is thought to be such a Friend to these parts and other Purgers also solutive Electuaries Catholicon Diaphaenicon of the Juyce of Roses and especially those made of Hiera simple and compound solutive Syrups of Roses Fumitory Epithymum Polypody and Pills of Hiera de tribus of Rhubarb Agarick and Agregative the Forms of which may be found elsewhere But those Purges which are proper for the Ascites made of Water-purgers alone mixed are as follow A Decoction to purge Water proper for the Liver and Spleen Take of the five opening Roots two ounces of Orris Valerian and five leaved grass Roots each one ounce of Asarum half an ounce of the bark of Tamarisk Capars Elder and Dwarfe-elder each one ounce and an half of Succory with the Roots and Dandelion with the Roots Endive Sow-tkistle Liver-wort Agrimony Germander Groundpine Fumitory of the five Capillars each one handful Flowers of Broom Tamarisk Elder and Dwarfe-elder of the four Cordial flowers each one pugil Flowers of the lesser Centaury half a pugil of the four great cold Seeds half an ounce of Anise Fennel and Parsley seeds each two drams of Dodder seed one dram Ivy-berries three drams Prunes five pair Tamarinds one ounce and an half Raisons stoned two ounces of Senna Polypody and Carthamus seeds each one ounce and an half Epithymum two drams boil them in water with one quart of white Wine and when it is strained infuse Agarick Troches half an ounce Rhubarb three drams Spike one scruple strain them and add as much Sugar or Honey as is sufficient to make an Apozeme aromatize it with Cinnamon for four doses And if you add one handful of Soldanella or Sea bind weed or of pot Mercury or one dram of prepared Esula or half a handful of Spurge and if you take more you may leave out Rhubarb and Agarick some add Smallage roots And when it is thus strong you must give the less quantity at first that you may know their strength and this is to be observed in other Medicines alwaies keeping good Order and using Baths after if need be Another more simple Water-purger Take of Soldanella two ounces Ivy-berries half an ounce of Asarum root two drams Anise-seeds three

seeds wood Aloes Lack burnt Brass and Juyce of Fennel Clysters do also purge water by the Meseraicks is brought again into the Belly which they do by cleansing and stirring up Nature and by opening the Mouths of the Veins thus made and they also take down the Belly by expelling wind A gentle Clyster is thus made Take of Beets Mercury Pellitory Cranes bill or Dove foot and Rue each three or four handfuls Flowers of Elder Broom St. Johns-wort Chamomil Dill white Lillies each three pugils or four Caraway seeds half an ounce Smallage seed or the great or less hot seeds half an ounce Senna one ounce and an half of Carthamus seeds one ounce boil them in Water and dissolve Hiera benedicta or Leaven half an ounce Honey one ounce Oyl of Bayse one ounce and an half with a little salt make a Clyster It will be stronger with more Purgers as Agarick or Turbith half an ounce Asarum three drams or with only a dram of Coloquintida leaving out the purging Electuaries It will purge water strongly by adding a handful of Soldanella or spurge to the Decoction or one ounce and an half of the Roots of wild Cowcumbers and as much of Sowbread and Smallage roots Another Take the Vrine of a sound cholerick Man or Lixivium which is not too strong and dissolve in it one ounce of stale Leaven and one ounce and an half of Oyl of Rue and it will be stronger if you add half an ounce of the Juyce of Flower-de-luce root which may be added also to the former For other Evacuations especially Sweats which bring the Water into the Feet and other parts they are good but not to be forced too much for so they are hurtful because the sick being in Bed and taking hot things is inward and outward in danger of Suffocation for want of Breath therfore except they come freely and in the declining of the Disease for taking Swelling from the Feet you must not sweat But if the Party by inclined thereto and can sweat standing use such as we shewed in Leucophlegmacy which if they move not Sweat yet will purge by Urin. Evacuation by Vomit because it shakes the Belly too much and increaseth the shortness of breathing it is hurtfull to some yet in some if there be a Revulsion made by Vomits from the Meseraick Veins to the Stomach and Guts or to take away something that causeth the water if they be easie to vomit it may do well as also if then thirsty they drink much water to vomit it up again Rhasis adviseth to provoke Sneezing to send the water to the Kidneys We can do little good by Blood-letting in a Dropsie because except there be another Disease joyned as an Inflammation it cannot help the Bowels and it brings none of the water from the Belly or Habit of the Body nor out of the Meseraicks nor much of that which is in the branches of the hollow Vein for we find that in Dropsies they bleed clear thick and black Blood by Experience Yet if the Haemorrhoid Veins use to bleed or do open themselves the water in the Meseraicks may be sent forth in great quantity thereby Water is often taken from the belly by cutting burning or pricking it as also from the Codds and Feet And that which is done by tapping or pricking of the belly called Paracentesis is the best for by it all the water may be taken out of the belly sooner then by any other way Therefore it is most usual and ought to be betimes before the water by long continuance defile the bowels and the strength decrease because this wound being made only slightly through the Skin Muscles and Peritonaeum brings no danger as the People suppose nor can the Guts be thereby so made any wayes hurt because the Superficies of the Belly being stretched with water is at such a distance from them and they lie as is proved by discection far separated from the parts divided Besides it is impossible that the Patient should escape in regard the water can get out no other way by stool or urine it is therefore better in a desperate Condition to try this Remedy as the last then to leave the Patient because except the Greatness of the Cause do hinder they may thus sometimes be cured or if they die in regard they could not otherwise be cured the Physitian by foretelling this may keep his credit and his Conscience clear And the Patient shall get this benefit at least that when the water is let forth he shal be freed from his great shortness of Breathing and other internal Griefs and so die in a more easie posture But for the doing this handsomly you must choose a place three fingers below the Navel on the side and there where the Muscles of the lower Belly are oblique and transverse and lie upon the flesh because you may better make a wound there then in the middle under the Navel where the nervous parts are of the Muscles which make the white line which is Nervous Therefore with an Incision knife or some other fit Instrument make a wound through the Skin Muscles and Peritonaeum gently least you hurt the Guts and receive the water in a Bason which usually gusheth forth violently And you must presently shut the Orifice again least it flow all forth at a time and so take away the strength so that the water may be taken out by Degrees dayly twice or thrice a little at a time by closing the Orifice without loss of strength which must in the same time be restored with proper Remedies In which we must have a special Care that we commit not an Error and that we may stop the water when we please which is done by putting in a hollow top which may shut the Orifice so that we may open it and shut it as we please or if before we make the Orifice we draw down the skin and cut it transverse as far as the Muscles and after cut within with an Incision knife For then the lower Orifice of the wound made first in the skin rising when the skin is loose the inward Orifice will be hid and stopped and when the skin is drawn down again it will be opened and so we may keep and let out the water as we please and prevent its flowing out at other times Moreover we must consider when the water flow's forth whether it be clear and without evil Sent for then it is a good sign because we suppose from thence that the bowels are not yet putrified but if it stink or be bloody it is to be supposed evil A Puncture made in the Codd as we shall shew in Hydrocele doth not onely give vent and let out the water there but if it be long kept open it will take it from the Belly by degrees and by the same way that it first sell into the Cod for which Cause if the Puncture be not made in the belly it may

them adding Bean flowers and Bay-berries one pugil and with a little Niter make a cataplasm It is good to foment the belly with these things following boyled in wine as Orris roots Elicampane Rue Mints Marjoram Rosemary chamomil flowers Dill Bay-berries and Juniper berries the hot Seeds and the like Or let the Fume of these be sent to the belly under the cloaths in the Bed Make a bag for to lay upon the belly of these Take of Millium seeds two pugils Cummin seeds and Caraway each half a pugil Bay-berries and Bran each one pugil Melilot Chamomil Dill Centaury and Rosemary flowers each one pugil of burnt Salt half a pugil fry them in a Pan sprinkling wine and Vinegar and make a bag you may add Rue seeds Nigella Sesili and Spices with Brimstone Great Cupping-glasses that draw forth wind and are thence called Ventoses applied to the Navel do powerfully draw wind forth or apply many about the belly There must be a good Diet to prevent crudities and wind for quantity and quality and the motions of the Body and Mind must be ordered as we shewed in the weakness of the Stomach When the whol Body is swelled with wind which is seldom The Cure of the general Swelling of the whol Body as that called Anasarca which comes of crude Juyce in regard it comes of a violent cause or great Disease it must be regarded and if the cause be taken away as when it is from poyson by Antidotes the Swelling will cease Or if it be a deadly Disease which appears by the Tumor it ends in Death with the Disease But to remove it if it continue the cause must be taken away by Evacuations made by sweat and insensible Transpiration and the wind expelled with Treacle and other Opiates if it come from poyson which resist it and provoke sweat also you may discuss wind and take away Swelling with Stoves and hot Fumes such as were mentioned in the Tympany If Pneumatocele come from wind and water in the Codds The Cure of Pneumatocele or windy Rupture first there must be a general way to hinder the comming of wind and water and then outward Medicines must be applied such as were mentioned in the Tympany joyned with Ascites and those mentioned in the Water-rupture called Hydrocele for that which consumes water doth also discuss wind or if need be you may open the part with a Lancet and let out both wind and water But in a simple windy Rupture the general Medicines to prevent wind and discuss and particulars applied to the Codds mentioned in the Tympany may be good and the Emplaster of Dungs is most excellent with half an ounce of Brimstone Or this Take Bean flower half a pound Bay-berry flower three ounces Cummin seeds one ounce pouder of Rue two drams Niter one dram Brimstone three drams boyl them in strong Wine with Aqua vitae one ounce make a Cataplasm Fomentations Bags Fumes and Oyntments prescribed in the Tympany are good here to the Codds Or this Oyntment Take Oyl of Rue three ounces Oyl of Castor and Pepper each one ounce Oyl of Spike one scruple Soap six drams Aqua vitae one ounce and an half Gentian Hermodactyls of each one dram and an half Pellitory and Sowbread roots each one dram Seeds of Cummin and Staphsagre each half a dram pouder of Earth-worms one scruple Turpentine as much as will make an Unguent Or make a Plaister thereof with Mastick and Frankincense In all the kinds of Ruptures as in this if that Herb of Gesners called Numularia or Money-wort green or dried be steept in Spirit of Wine with a little Horse-tayl and clouts dipped therein and applied it is excellent Some commend highly Water Bettony or the Clowns Wound-wort beaten with Roots and boiled and applyed in this and in the beginning of other Ruptures and if used as the Former it will be of more force In other Swellings from the Colick or Straines The Cure of the Inflammation of the Codds when both Codds are distempered in regard they quickly go away there is no other care to be taken but to prevent them hereafter which is by taking away the cause least it being often repeated it brings a windy Rupture therefore at the first appearance apply external Medicines such as we have declared for the cure of a windy Rupture and hindering wind from comming into the Codds Bronchocele which is a Swelling of the Throat The Cure of Bronchocele or Throat rupture if not quickly taken in hand before it comes to the full growth can scarce be cured but continues all the life with hindrance and Deformity bringing hoarsness and shortness of wind very dangerous The cure although it for the most part consists in purging of crude Humors which are thought to be brought thither from the Head and taking them from the swollen part yet we because we say it comes from wind which is gotten in by the relaxing or tearing of a Membrane with the skin from the parts underneath suppose that the chief care is to be taken in expelling wind and what moisture is there gathered and to restore the relaxation and separation which is hard to be done as we shewed in other Ruptures besides astringent things which should do this being applied to the Throat and stopping the Passages especially if before there be difficulty of breathing will hinder breathing Therefore this is harder to be cured then other Ruptures in the Codds and Groins because also if we should cut which is the last refuge we cannot make so good a Ligature Nevertheless at the first before the Tumor is grown to the extremity and before there is shortness of breathing you may apply some astringents stronger or weaker with such things as consume wind and moisture Therefore we may use the Emplaster for Ruptures that is ordinary or that of our prescription with as much of the Emplaster of Bay-berries or other Seeds that discuss wind as cummin and the like Or cataplasmes prescribed in Hydrocele to astringe and discuss as that of Dung and Bole and the other of Bran and Galls for the same end and to unite the separation of the membranes if possible you may use some of those which were prescribed in Ruptures And it is found by Experience that the Pouder of burnt Allum often given hath done good by binding and drying it may be given alone with wine half a dram in weight at a time or with other discussing and drying Pouders Or thus Take of Orris roots and Galangal each one dram and an half of Penny-royal Savory Rupture-wort each half a dram of Fennel and Anise seeds each one dram of Parsley seed half a dram of long Pepper Spikenard Nutmeg and Cinnamon each two drams Myrrh half a dram burnt Allum half an ounce Sugar of Roses as much as all the rest give one dram and an half in Wine When this Tumor is confirmed we must only mind the expelling of wind and water and