Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	civil_a	ecclesiastical_a	king_n	2,836	5	4.0953	3	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A57374	A discovrse of the originall and fundamentall cause of naturall, customary, arbitrary, voluntary and necessary warre with the mystery of invasive warre : that ecclesiasticall prelates, have alwayes beene subject to temporall princes ... / by Sir Walter Rawleigh ...	Raleigh, Walter, Sir, 1552?-1618.	1650 (1650)	Wing R158; ESTC R9599	18,812	70

A DISCOVRSE OF THE ORIGINALL AND Fundamentall Cause of Naturall Customary Arbitrary Voluntary and Necessary WARRE With the MYSTERY of Invasive WARRE That Ecclesiasticall Prelates have alwayes beene subject to Temporall Princes And that the Pope had never any lawfull power in England either in Civill or Ecclesiasticall businesse after such time as Brittaine was won from the Roman Empire By Sir Walter Rawleigh Knight LONDON Printed by T. W. for Humphrey Moseley and are to be Sold at the Princes Armes in St. Pauls Church-yard 1650. A Discourse of the Originall and fundamentall cause of Naturall Customary Arbitrary Voluntary and necessary war with the misery of invasive warre That Ecclesiasticall Prelates have alwayes been subject to Temporall Princes and that the Pope had never any lawfull power in England either in Civill or Ecclesiasticall businesse after such time as Brittaine was won from the Roman Empire THe ordinary Theme and Argument of History is War which may be defined the exercise of violence under Soveraigne Command against withstanders force Authority and resistance being the essentiall parts thereof violence limited by authority is sufficiently distinguisht from Robbery and the like outrages yet consisting in relation towards others It necessarily requires a supposition of resistance whereby the force of War becomes different from the violence inflicted upon Slaves or yeilding Malefactors as for Armes Discipline and whatsoever else belongeth to the making of War prosperous they are only considerable in degree of perfection since naked savages fighting disorderly with stones by appointment of their Commanders may truly and absolutely be said to War Neverthelesse it is true that as the Beasts are armed with fierce teeth pawes horns and other bodily instruments of much advantage against unweaponed men so hath reason taught man to strengthen his hand with such offensive Armes as no creature else can well avoid or possibly resist And it might seeme happy if the sword the Arrow the Gun with many terrible Engines of death could be wholly imployed in the exercise of that Lordly rule which the Lord of all hath given to mankind over the rest of living things But since in humane reason there hath no meanes been found of holding all mankind at peace within it self It is needfull that against the wit and subtilty of man we oppose not only the bruit force of our bodyes wherein many Beasts exceed us but helping our strength with art and wisdome strive to excell our enemies in those points wherein man is excellent over other Creatures The necessity of War which among humane Actions is the most lawlesse hath some kind of affinity and neere resemblances with the necessity of Law For there were no use at all either of War or of Law If every man had prudence to conceive how much of right were due both to and from himselfe and were withall so punctually just as to performe what he knew requisite and to rest contented with his owne But seeing that no conveyance of Land can be made so strong by any skill of Lawyers with multiplicity of clauses and provisoes That it may be secure from contentious Avarice and the malice of false seeming Justice It is not to bee wondered that the great Charter whereby God bestowed the whole earth upon Adam And confirmed it unto the Sons of Noah being as breife in word as large in effect hath bred much quarrell of interpretation Surely howsoever the Letter of that Donation may be unregarded by the most of men yet the sense thereof is so imprinted in their hearts And so passionatly imbraced by their greedy desires As if every one laid claime for himself unto that which was conferred upon all This appeared in the Gaules who falling upon Italy under their Captaine Brennus told the Roman Ambassadours plainly that prevalent arms were as good as any title and that valiant men might account to be their owne as much as they could get That they wanting Land therewith to susteine their people And the Tuscanes having more then enough It was their meaning to take what they needed by strong hand if it were not yeilded quietly Now if it be well affirmed by Lawyers that there is no taking of possession more just then In vacuum venire to enter upon Land unhabited As our Countrymen have lately done in the Summer Islands Then may it be inferred that this demand of the Gaules held more of reason then could be discerned at the first view For if the title of occupiers be good in a Land unpeopled why should it be bad accounted in a Country Peopled over thinly should one family or one thousand hold possession of all the Southerne undiscovered continent because they had seated themselves in Nova Guiana or about the Straits of Magalane why might not the like be done in Africk in Europe or in Asia If this were most absurd to imagine Let then any mans wisdome determine by lessening the Territory and increasing the number of Inhabitants what proportion is requisite to the peopling of a Region in such manner That the Land shall be neither too narrow for those whom it feedeth nor capable of a greater multitude Untill this can be concluded and agreed upon one maine and fundamentall cause of the most grievous Warre that can be imagined is not like to be taken from the Earth It were perhaps enough in reason to succour with victualls and other helps a vast multitude compelled by necessity to seeke a new seate or to direct them unto a Country able to receive them But what shall perswade a mighty Nation to travaile so farre by Land or Sea over Mountaines Deserts And great Rivers with their Wives and Children when they are or thinke themselves powerfull enough to serve themselves neerer hand and inforce others into the Labour of such a Journey I have briefely shewed in an other worke that the miseries accompaning this kind of War are most extreame For as much as the Invaders cannot otherwise be satisfied then by rooting out or expelling the Nation upon which they fall And although the uncertainty of tenure by which all worldly things are held minister very unpleasant meditation yet is it most certaine that within 1200. yeares last past all or the most of Kingdomes to us knowne have throughly felt the calamities of such forcible trasplantations being either over whelmed by new Collonies that fell upon them or driven as one wave is driven by an other to seeke new seates having lost their owne Our Westerne parts of Europe indeed have cause to rejoyce and give praise to God for that we have been free about 600 years from such Inundations As were those of the Gothes Humes and Vandalls yea from such as were those of our owne Ancestors the Saxons Danes and Normans But howsoever we have together with the feeling lost the very memory of such wretchednesse as our Fore-fathers endured by those Wars of all other the most cruell Yet are there few Kingdomes in all Asia that have not

of being chosen heire unto that foole Impostor in his dignity of a Prophet made it one of his first works to dispoile poor Aliffe the Nephew of Mahomet and heire of his great riches taking al from him by this pretence That unto whom belonged the Succession in wisdome unto him also belonged the Succession in wealth And this grew presently to be a famous question among the Doctors of the Saracen Law But howsoever it were then decided we see now the Muphti or high Prelate who is the only Oracle among the Turkes in Spirituall matters lives and holds all that he hath at the discretion of the great Sultan Neverthelesse it should seeme that the doctrine of Abubachar hath not lost all force for the examples are many in all Saracen Lands of Prophets or deceivers which got that name that never rested untill they became Kings The Seriph in Barbarie was one of the last who having once acquired the opinion of an holy Man afterward found means to become a Captain and Lord of a small Territory And finally increased his followers and withall his bounds so fast and so far as having made himself King of Morocca he had the grace to tell the King of Fessy lately his Soveraigne that both Fesse and all Kingdomes in those parts were belonging to his own holinesse and this he made good by winning all sooner after Whether the claime which the Popes laid to a Supremacie over all Kingdomes and estates had not affinity with the principle of Abubachar Let other men Judge that their practises to mainetaine it have been sutable to those of Seriffo all Historians doe testifie For when Pope Gregory the second procured the Citie of Rome and some other places in Italie to Rebell against the Emperour Leo the third what other colour used he then that himself had Excommunicated Leo as an ungodly Prince for breaking downe Images that were worshipped in Churches when for this treason Paul the Exarch Leiutenant unto the Emperour besieged Rome with the assistance of Lueitpraud King of the Lumbards by what other art did the Pope remove the siege then by perswading the Lumbard with a Tale of Peter and Paul that had consecrated the Citie of Rome with their pretious blood Thus was devotion made the Cloake for treason And thus did the Popes first slip their necks out of the Emperours coller Within very few years after this by the like Religious pretext were those Princes of France Charls Martell Pepine and Charlemaine won to assist the Papacie against the Lumbards yea to give unto St. Peter the most of those Lands which the Pope now holds in Italie And not restore them to the Emperour from whom the Lumbards had gotten them And thereunto Pepine was perswaded for his Souls health Yet had Pope Zachary through the opinion that went of his holinesse done a notable good office for Pepine before when he Released the Frenchmen of their Oath to King Chilperick And was the cause that Pepine was chosen in his stead by saying That rather he should be King who did the Kings duty then he that did it not In like manner did Pope Leo recompense the benefits of Charlemaine by setting him up as Emperour in the West against those of Constantinople But in these mutuall offices the Popes did only help with gracefull words to adorne that might which Pepine and Charlemaine had before acquired Whereas these Kings used force of arms to erect the papacy in Principallity That was held yet in vassallage unto themselves Now this could not satisfie the ambition of that See which gloried falsly to be the only See Apostolique For as the Reputation of the Romane Prelats grew up in those blind ages under the Westerne Emperours much faster then true piety could raise it in former times when better Learning had flourished So grew up in them withall a desire of amplifying their power that they might be as great in temporall forces as mens opinion have formed them in spirituall matters Immediately therefore upon the death of Charlemaine they began to neglect the Emperours consent in their Elections And finding in them that afterwards reigned of the house of France either too much patience or too much weakenesse they were bold within seaventy years to decree That in the Creation of Popes the Emperour should have nothing at all to doe Having obteined this It followed that they should make themselves Lord over the whole Clergie in all Kingdomes But the worke was great and could not be accomplished in hast for they were much disturbed at home by the People of Rome who seeing about Fifty Popes or rather as mainetainers of the Papacie would now have them called Monsters to succeed one another and attaine by the faction of Cut-throats and Strumpets St. Peters Chaire despised that hypocrisy which the world abroad did Reverence as holinesse Likewise the Empire falling from the line of Charles to the mighty house of Saxonie was so strongly upheld by the first Princes of that race as it greatly curbed the ambition of those aspiring Prelats Yet no impediment could alwaies be of force to withstand the violence of seeming sanctity The Polonians Hungarians and some other farre removed Nations had yeilded themselves in subjection more then meerely spirituall even to those Popes whom Italie knew to be detestable men As for the Romane Citizens they were chastised by the sword and taught to acknowledge the Pope their Lord though they knew not by what right Long it was indeed ere they could with much adoe be throughly tamed Because they knowing the Lewdnesse of their Prelate and his Court their devotion unto him the trade by which now they live was very small Because also they were the Popes domesticall forces against which no Prince doth happily contend But finally the Popes Armes prevailed or when his owne were too weake the Emperours and other friends were helping Contrariwise against Emperours and other Princes the sword of the people even of their owne Subjects hath been used by teaching all Christians in our Westerne world a false Lesson That it is lawfull and meritorious to rebell against Kings excommunicated and deposed by the Pope This curse was first laid upon the Emperour Henry the fourth by Pope Hildebrand or Gregory the seaventh It is true as I said before that Leo of Constantinople had felt the same though not in the same sort For Leo being excommunicated was not withall deposed only he suffered a revolt of some Italian Subjects And one may say That the Germane Empire deserved this plague Since the founder thereof had given countenance to the Popes Rebelling against their Soveraigns the Emperours of Constantinople Howsoever it were when Hildebrand had accursed and cast downe from his throne Henry the fourth there were none so hardy as to defend their Injured Lord against the Counterfeited name of St. Peter Wherefore he was faine to humble himselfe before Hildebrand upon whom he waited three daies beare footed in the Winter ere he

which pronounced that Oath voyde Good cause why For that King had the patience to live like neither Knight nor King But as the Popes Tenant and Rent-gatherer of England But when the same King adventured to murmure the Pope could threaten to teach him his duty with a vengeance And make him know what it was to winch and play the Fredericke Thus we see what hath been his Custome to oppresse Kings by their people And the people by their Kings yet this was for serving his owne turne Wherein had our King Henry the sixt offended him which King Pope Iulius would after for a little money have made a Saint Neverthelesse the Popes absolving of Rich Duke of Yorke from that honest oath which he had given by mediation of all the Land to that good King occasioned both the Dukes and the Kings ruine And therewithal those long and cruell Wars betweene the Houses of Lancaster and Yorke and brought all England into an horrible Combustion What he meant by this I know not unlesse to verifie the Proverbe Omnia Romae venalia I will not urge the dispensation whereby the Pope released King Philip the second of Spaine from the solemne Oath by which he was bound to maintaine the priviledges of the Netherlands though this Papall indulgence hath scarce as yet left working And been the cause of so many hundred thousands slaine for this last forty years in the Netherlands Neither will I urge the Pope encouraging of Henry the second and his sons to the last of them against the French Protestants the cause of the first three Civill Warres And lastly of the Leavyings of Byrons in which there hath perished no lesse number then in the Low-Countryes For our Country it affords an example of fresh memory since we should have had as furious Warre as ever both upon us and amongst us in the daies of our late famous Soveraigne Queene Elizabeth if Pope Pius his Bull Could have gored aswell as it could Bellow Therefore it were not amisse to answer by a Herald the next Pontificall attempt of like nature rather sending defiance as to an enemy then publishing answers as to one that had here to doe though indeed he had never here to doe by any lawfull power either in Civill or Ecclesiasticall businesse after such time as Brittaine was won from the Romane Empire For howsoever it were ordered in some of the first holy generall Councills that the Bishop of Rome should be Patriarch over these quarters yea or it were supposed that the forged Canons by which he now challengeth more then precedency and primacie had also been made indeed yet could this little help his claime in Kingdomes that hold not of the Empire For those right holy Fathers as in matters of Faith they did not make truth But religiously expounded it so in matters of Ecclesiasticall Government they did not create provinces for themselves But ordered the Countries which they then had They were assemblies of all the Bishops in the Romane world and with the Romane dominion only they medled Requisite it is that the faith which they taught should be imbraced in all Countryes As it ought likewise to be entertained if the same had been in like sort illustrated not by them but by a generall Councill of all Bishops in the great Kingdome of the Abissines which is thought to have been Christian even in those daies But it was not requisite nor is that the Bishops of Abissines or of India should live under direction of the Patriarch of Alexandria and Antioch Questionlesse those godly Fathers of the Nicene And of the Calcedonian Councill so thought For they tooke not upon them to order the Church Government in India where St. Thomas had preached nor to range the Subjects of Prester Iohn as we call him under any of themselves much lesse to frame an Hierarchie upon earth whereto men of all Nations whatsoever should be subject in Spirituall obedience If Constantine or his Successors the Romane Emperours could have wonne all Asia like it is that in Councils following more Patriarchs would have been ordeined for the Ecclesiasticall Government of that large continent and not all those vast Countryes have beene left unto him of Antioch or Constantinople But since contrariwise the Empire became looser the Patriarchs whose Jurisdiction depended upon the Empire become loosers also We grant that even in the times of persecution before Christian Bishops durst hold open assemblies there was given especiall honour to the Bishops that were over the chiefe Cities That unity might the better be preserved and heresie kept out of the Church But this honour was no more then a precedence a dignity without Coactive power extending no further then to matter of Religion And not having to doe save in the generall way of Christian love with any strangers We therefore that are no dependants of the Empire ought not to be troubled with the authority be it what it may be with any assemblies of godly Fathers yet all Subjects of that Empire ordeined for their owne better Government But rather should regard the Bishop of Rome As the Islanders of Iersey and Garnsey doe him of Constance in Normandie that is nothing at all since by that French Bishops refusall to sweare unto our King those Isles were annexed to the Diocesse of Winchester FINIS Gen. Cap. 1. ver. 28. Generall History Lib. 2. Cap. 2. 28. S. 4. T. 3. First Warre Second Warre Anno Domini 1569. Anno. 1573.