act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la as_o they_o do_v in_o most_o case_n where_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v found_v upon_o equity_n as_o here_o and_o where_o they_o be_v not_o determine_v by_o either_o our_o former_a practice_n or_o constitution_n and_o by_o the_o same_o principle_n both_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n and_o the_o parliament_n do_v in_o this_o statute_n declare_v that_o their_o say_a act_n shall_v extend_v to_o cause_n depend_v or_o to_o be_v intent_a whereas_o statue_n regular_o be_v extend_v only_o to_o future_a case_n except_o where_o the_o act_n declare_v what_o be_v law_n former_o as_o in_o this_o case_n we_o may_v then_o conclude_v these_o difference_n betwixt_o these_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la and_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la can_v only_o be_v make_v concern_v the_o form_n of_o procedure_n or_o to_o fix_v a_o constant_a decision_n for_o the_o future_a in_o case_n which_o they_o may_v have_v so_o decide_v before_o their_o own_o act_n and_o it_o be_v their_o prudence_n and_o our_o happiness_n that_o they_o shall_v rather_o decide_v in_o hypothesi_fw-la then_o in_o thesi_fw-la but_o act_n of_o parliament_n shall_v main_o be_v make_v to_o regulat_fw-la new_a substantial_a ground_n of_o justice_n and_o commerce_n but_o though_o this_o power_n of_o make_v order_n for_o administration_n of_o justice_n be_v proper_o and_o principal_o their_o province_n yet_o they_o have_v in_o this_o but_o a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n with_o the_o parliament_n who_o may_v and_o do_v likewise_o make_v such_o order_n but_o the_o parliament_n ought_v to_o do_v so_o spare_o since_o form_n be_v better_o know_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n then_o to_o they_o and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o power_n of_o make_v act_n relate_v to_o form_n or_o of_o regulate_v form_n already_o make_v belong_v particular_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n both_o because_o of_o their_o constitution_n and_o experience_n the_o lord_n have_v be_v in_o use_n not_o only_o to_o regulat_fw-la their_o own_o court_n by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la but_o they_o have_v by_o the_o same_o power_n prescribe_v regulation_n to_o other_o court_n and_o thus_o as_o to_o the_o justice_n court_n in_o anno_fw-la 1591._o year_n they_o make_v a_o act_n that_o woman_n and_o socii_fw-la criminis_fw-la may_v be_v receive_v witness_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o we_o find_v that_o they_o have_v likewise_o regulate_v inferior_a court_n without_o any_o previous_a warrant_n as_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o 19_o act_n 23._o par._n ja._n 6._o where_o the_o parliament_n ratify_v a_o act_n of_o secret_a council_n and_o session_n which_o do_v ordain_v and_o command_v that_o no_o process_n shall_v be_v grant_v before_o inferior_a judge_n on_o the_o first_o summons_n but_o upon_o libel_v precept_n and_o citation_n of_o fifteen_o day_n warning_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 1636._o they_o make_v a_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la appoint_v that_o no_o consent_n of_o any_o inferior_a court_n shall_v bind_v the_o consenter_n except_o it_o be_v subscribe_v by_o himself_o and_o that_o the_o assertion_n of_o the_o clerk_n of_o that_o court_n be_v not_o sufficient_a nor_o shall_v this_o extension_n of_o their_o power_n seem_v unwarrantable_a for_o since_o they_o may_v reduce_v the_o decreet_n of_o inferior_a court_n it_o seem_v most_o consequential_a that_o they_o may_v regulat_fw-la their_o procedure_n but_o though_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n pass_v the_o bill_n before_o the_o justice_n and_o advocate_n cause_n from_o before_o that_o court_n it_o may_v seem_v strange_a that_o they_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o make_v act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la for_o regulate_v that_o court_n the_o jurisdiction_n civil_a and_o criminal_a be_v most_o distinct_a and_o different_a it_o may_v likeways_o seem_v both_o by_o the_o former_a act_n allow_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n this_o power_n and_o the_o ratification_n of_o their_o statute_n specify_v in_o this_o act_n that_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o all_o the_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la which_o relate_v not_o mere_o to_o the_o regulate_v their_o own_o form_n shall_v be_v ratify_v by_o the_o parliament_n though_o in_o the_o interim_n of_o parliament_n these_o act_n shall_v bind_v and_o yet_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la we_o see_v very_o many_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la to_o have_v full_a vigour_n and_o force_n without_o any_o such_o confirmation_n before_o i_o begin_v to_o explain_v the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n i_o shall_v offer_v this_o analysis_n of_o it_o either_o the_o creditor_n who_o be_v defraud_v be_v such_o creditor_n as_o have_v do_v no_o diligence_n or_o such_o as_o have_v do_v diligence_n if_o they_o be_v such_o as_o have_v not_o do_v diligence_n then_o either_o the_o disposition_n quarrel_v be_v make_v to_o conjunct_a person_n or_o not_o if_o they_o be_v make_v to_o conjunct_a or_o confident_a person_n either_o they_o be_v make_v for_o necessary_a and_o onerous_a cause_n or_o not_o if_o they_o be_v make_v for_o a_o necessary_a and_o onerous_a cause_n they_o be_v valid_a though_o make_v to_o conjunct_a or_o confident_a person_n 2._o if_o these_o disposition_n be_v make_v without_o a_o onerous_a cause_n then_o either_o they_o remain_v with_o the_o conjunct_a confident_a to_o who_o they_o be_v make_v or_o not_o if_o they_o remain_v with_o he_o they_o be_v reduceable_a either_o by_o way_n of_o exception_n or_o reply_v but_o if_o any_o three_o party_n no_o way_n partaker_n of_o the_o fraud_n have_v lawful_o purchase_v any_o of_o the_o bankrupt_n land_n for_o a_o just_a and_o true_a cause_n than_o the_o right_o be_v not_o quarrelable_n but_o the_o receiver_n be_v only_o liable_a to_o make_v the_o same_o forthcoming_a to_o the_o bankrupt_n true_a creditor_n 3._o the_o fraud_n be_v probable_a by_o writ_n or_o oath_n of_o the_o party_n receiver_n 4._o if_o the_o creditor_n have_v do_v diligence_n by_o inhibition_n horning_n etc._n etc._n then_o the_o bankrupt_a can_v in_o prejudice_v of_o these_o creditor_n who_o have_v do_v diligence_n dispone_v voluntary_o any_o part_n of_o his_o estate_n to_o defraud_v that_o diligence_n in_o favour_n of_o another_o concreditor_n who_o have_v do_v no_o diligence_n or_o posterior_n diligence_n or_o in_o favour_n of_o any_o interpose_a person_n to_o their_o behoof_n and_o in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o act_n it_o be_v not_o consider_v whether_o the_o interpose_a person_n be_v a_o person_n conjunct_a or_o not_o 5._o the_o bankrupt_n the_o interpose_a person_n and_o all_o such_o as_o have_v assist_v they_o in_o advise_v or_o practise_v these_o fraud_n be_v declare_v infamous_a conform_v to_o the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n etc._n etc._n because_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la bear_n that_o they_o have_v in_o this_o act_n follow_v the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n we_o may_v just_o assert_v that_o it_o be_v â—â—t_n the_o lord_n of_o session_n understand_v exact_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o great_a foundation_n of_o our_o law_n and_o form_n thus_o we_o see_v that_o robert_n lesly_v heir_n be_v by_o the_o 69._o act_n parl._n 6._o k._n ja._n 5._o ordain_v to_o be_v forefault_v for_o the_o crime_n of_o treason_n commit_v by_o their_o father_n according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o forfaultor_n in_o absence_n be_v allow_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n in_o anno_fw-la 1669._o because_o it_o be_v conform_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o falsehood_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n act_n 22._o par._n 5._o q._n m._n and_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v our_o rule_n where_o our_o own_o statute_n and_o custom_n be_v silent_a or_o deficient_a be_v clear_a from_o our_o own_o lawyer_n as_o skeen_n annot._fw-la ad_fw-la l._n 1._o r._n m._n c._n 7._o ver_fw-la 2._o and_o by_o craig_n l._n 1._o diagoras_n 2._o as_o also_o from_o our_o own_o historian_n leslie_n l._n 1._o cap._n leg._n scotor_n boet._n l._n 9_o hist._n camer_n de_fw-fr scot._n doctr._n l._n 2._o cap._n 4._o and_o the_o same_o be_v record_v of_o we_o by_o the_o historian_n and_o lawyer_n of_o other_o nation_n as_o forâ—aâ—_n lib._n 7._o the_o gall_n imper_v polid._n lib._n 1._o hist._n angl._n petr._n dâ—_n amitis_fw-la geograph_n europe_n do_fw-mi di_fw-it escosse_fw-la and_o duck_n the_o auth_v jur_fw-fr civ_o lib._n 2._o cap._n 10._o and_o though_o the_o roman_n have_v some_o custom_n or_o form_n peculiar_a to_o the_o genius_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n yet_o their_o law_n in_o undecided_a case_n be_v of_o universal_a use_n and_o as_o boet._n well_o observe_v leges_fw-la romanas_fw-la à _fw-la justiniano_n collect_v as_o tanta_fw-la ratione_fw-la &_o sermonis_fw-la venustate_fw-la esse_fw-la ut_fw-la nulla_fw-la sit_fw-la natio_fw-la tam_fw-la fera_fw-fr vel_fw-la ab_fw-la humanitate_fw-la abhorâ—ens_fw-la quae_fw-la eas_fw-la non_fw-la fuerit_fw-la admirata_fw-la and_o k._n ja._n 5._o be_v so_o much_o in_o
i_o observe_v former_o that_o it_o be_v make_v to_o prejudge_v creditor_n and_o it_o be_v unreasonable_a that_o a_o mere_a gift_n shall_v be_v prefer_v to_o poor_a creditor_n this_o be_v find_v the_o 18._o november_n 1669._o henderson_n contra_fw-la henderson_n albeit_o it_o be_v there_o allege_v that_o this_o act_n declare_v such_o deed_n only_o reduceable_a as_o be_v make_v in_o favour_n of_o conjunct_a or_o confident_a person_n for_o though_o this_o statute_n make_v that_o a_o presumption_n of_o fraud_n yet_o it_o exclude_v not_o other_o presumption_n such_o as_o be_v in_o this_o c_o 〈…〉_z viz._n that_o it_o be_v assignatio_fw-la omnium_fw-la bonorum_fw-la and_o that_o it_o bear_v to_o be_v grant_v for_o a_o cause_n false_o narrate_v viz._n for_o the_o sum_n of_o two_o thousand_o mark_n due_a by_o howat_n the_o common_a debtor_n to_o anderson_n whereas_o it_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v prove_v by_o discharge_v under_o howat_n own_o hand_n that_o the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o this_o sum_n be_v pay_v before_o the_o disposition_n since_o this_o clause_n of_o the_o statute_n annul_v deed_n only_o do_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o confident_a or_o conjunct_a person_n it_o will_v seem_v that_o such_o right_n when_o make_v to_o other_o who_o be_v not_o conjunct_a nor_o confident_a be_v not_o reduceable_a and_o yet_o de_fw-la praxi_fw-la all_o right_n make_v to_o any_o person_n whatsoever_o without_o a_o onerous_a or_o necessary_a cause_n be_v reduceable_a by_o this_o statute_n and_o our_o law_n consider_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o conjunct_a or_o confident_a person_n and_o other_o only_o in_o reference_n to_o the_o way_n of_o probation_n so_o that_o these_o must_v prove_v a_o onerous_a cause_n whereas_o other_o need_v not_o this_o show_v how_o misterious_o our_o statute_n be_v conceive_v without_o true_a just_a and_o necessary_a cause_n etc._n etc._n titulus_fw-la onerosus_fw-la be_v when_o any_o thing_n be_v dispon_v with_o the_o burden_n of_o do_v or_o pay_v somewhat_o titulus_fw-la lucrativus_fw-la be_v when_o the_o deed_n be_v mere_o gratuitus_fw-la and_o proceed_v from_o mere_a favour_n the_o civil_a law_n observe_v two_o rule_n in_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o onerous_a and_o lucrative_a cause_n quoad_fw-la this_o action_n the_o first_o be_v that_o this_o action_n be_v competent_a even_o against_o these_o who_o have_v receive_v such_o right_n for_o onerous_a cause_n when_o both_o the_o giver_n and_o receiver_n be_v guilty_a of_o fraud_n if_o they_o be_v partaker_n of_o the_o fraud_n l._n ait_fw-la praetor_n ff_n h._n t._n and_o in_o that_o case_n the_o thing_n alienate_v be_v recall_v without_o restore_v the_o price_n the_o second_o rule_n be_v that_o he_o who_o have_v receive_v such_o a_o right_n ex_fw-la causa_fw-la lucrativa_fw-la be_v liable_a to_o restore_v though_o he_o be_v not_o accessary_a to_o the_o fraudulent_a conveyance_n nec_fw-la particeps_fw-la l._n quod_fw-la autem_fw-la §_o ij_o ff_n eod_a our_o law_n likewise_o consider_v two_o case_n one_o be_v if_o the_o creditor_n have_v do_v no_o diligence_n and_o than_o right_n make_v to_o their_o prejudice_n be_v only_o reduceable_a if_o they_o be_v make_v to_o confident_a person_n without_o a_o onerous_a cause_n the_o other_o if_o the_o reducer_n have_v as_o a_o creditor_n do_v diligence_n and_o â—hen_o the_o right_n do_v to_o his_o prejudice_n be_v reduceable_a whether_o they_o be_v make_v ex_fw-la titulo_fw-la oneroso_fw-la or_o lucrativo_fw-la for_o by_o the_o last_o part_n of_o the_o act_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o debtor_n can_v prefer_v one_o creditor_n to_o another_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o any_o such_o diligence_n how_o far_o child_n be_v creditor_n to_o their_o father_n and_o may_v upon_o this_o statute_n reduce_v deed_n do_v by_o their_o father_n in_o favour_n of_o other_o child_n after_o their_o provision_n may_v be_v dubious_a in_o many_o case_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v only_o name_v a_o very_a few_o the_o first_o be_v a_o father_n by_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n with_o the_o first_o wife_n provide_v the_o child_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n to_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n and_o by_o the_o contract_n with_o a_o second_o wife_n provide_v they_o to_o twenty_o thousand_o mark_n and_o by_o a_o contract_n with_o a_o three_o wife_n provide_v the_o child_n of_o that_o marriage_n to_o ten_o thousand_o mark_n the_o question_n rise_v whether_o the_o child_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n can_v reduce_v the_o contract_n of_o the_o second_o marriage_n quoad_fw-la the_o provision_n therein_o make_v as_o make_v in_o prejudice_n of_o they_o who_o become_v lawful_a credtor_n by_o the_o first_o contract_n or_o if_o the_o child_n of_o the_o second_o marriage_n may_v not_o do_v the_o same_o to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o three_o marriage_n and_o i_o conceive_v that_o if_o the_o provision_n be_v make_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n and_o if_o they_o enter_v heir_n they_o can_v reduce_v because_o tenentur_fw-la prestare_fw-la but_o if_o the_o contract_n bear_v child_n of_o the_o marriage_n some_o think_v that_o they_o may_v assign_v their_o portion_n and_o the_o assignay_n may_v reduce_v these_o provision_n make_v in_o the_o second_o marriage_n and_o just_o so_o the_o child_n of_o the_o second_o marriage_n may_v reduce_v the_o provision_n make_v to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o three_o marriage_n but_o i_o think_v that_o either_o the_o child_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n be_v infeft_v and_o then_o certain_o the_o father_n can_v prejudge_v they_o by_o posterior_n personal_a provision_n or_o else_o where_o neither_o be_v infeft_v i_o conceive_v that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o onerous_a cause_n such_o as_o a_o tocher_n pay_v by_o the_o contract_n of_o the_o second_o or_o three_o marriage_n and_o then_o also_o the_o contract_n can_v be_v reduce_v upon_o this_o statute_n for_o these_o contract_n be_v not_o make_v to_o defraud_v creditor_n since_o they_o be_v make_v for_o a_o onerous_a cause_n yea_o though_o there_o be_v no_o tocher_n yet_o even_o the_o marriage_n be_v a_o onerous_a cause_n for_o who_o will_v marry_v if_o there_o be_v no_o provision_n and_o the_o design_n here_o be_v not_o to_o prejudge_v true_a creditor_n the_o other_o case_n be_v a_o man_n in_o his_o first_o contract_n provide_v his_o land_n and_o ten_o thousand_o mark_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n and_o in_o the_o contract_n with_o his_o second_o wife_n he_o provide_v the_o child_n of_o that_o marriage_n to_o the_o conquest_n that_o shall_v be_v make_v during_o that_o marriage_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o son_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n will_v be_v creditor_n to_o the_o father_n for_o ten_o thousand_o mark_n even_o though_o he_o be_v serve_v heir_n to_o his_o father_n for_o though_o here_o it_o seem_v that_o confusione_n tollitur_fw-la obligatio_fw-la the_o son_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n be_v both_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n yet_o conquest_n be_v still_o understand_v to_o be_v illud_fw-la quod_fw-la super_fw-la est_fw-la deducto_fw-la be_v alieno_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o child_n of_o the_o second_o marriage_n can_v have_v no_o right_o but_o with_o the_o burden_n of_o these_o ten_o thousand_o mark_n and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o scot_n of_o bavila_fw-la contra_fw-la binning_n the_o lord_n find_v that_o the_o heir_n may_v reduce_v the_o provision_n make_v to_o the_o wife_n and_o bairn_n of_o the_o second_o marriage_n in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v the_o ten_o thousand_o mark_n provide_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n but_o this_o may_v be_v doubt_v for_o first_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o there_o be_v no_o debt_n since_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v the_o debtor_n himself_o but_o second_o if_o the_o money_n with_o which_o the_o land_n be_v buy_v be_v conquest_n also_o in_o the_o second_o wife_n time_n it_o seem_v against_o law_n and_o reason_n that_o this_o shall_v not_o be_v call_v conquest_n quoad_fw-la a_o heir_n of_o another_o marriage_n cui_fw-la nihil_fw-la deest_fw-la though_o if_o the_o money_n have_v be_v conquest_n in_o the_o first_o marriage_n it_o may_v be_v more_o proper_o call_v ae_z alienum_fw-la a_o three_o case_n be_v this_o a_o father_n obliedge_v himself_o in_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n with_o his_o first_o wife_n to_o provide_v the_o bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n to_o eight_o thousand_o pound_n but_o before_o his_o death_n he_o provide_v one_o of_o the_o three_o bairn_n to_o the_o whole_a eight_o the_o the_o question_n propon_v be_v whether_o the_o other_o two_o daughter_n may_v raise_v a_o reduction_n of_o the_o disposition_n make_v to_o their_o sister_n upon_o this_o act_n and_o for_o these_o sister_n it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o the_o brother_n become_v debtor_n to_o they_o prorata_fw-la even_o as_o if_o he_o have_v grant_v band_n to_o six_o man_n for_o a_o sum_n each_o of_o they_o will_v have_v right_a to_o a_o proportional_a part_n of_o it_o at_o
true_a lawful_a or_o necessary_a cause_n and_o without_o any_o just_a or_o true_a price_n intervein_v in_o their_o say_a bargain_n whereby_o their_o just_a creditor_n and_o cautioner_n be_v false_o and_o godles_o defraud_v of_o all_o payment_n of_o their_o just_a debt_n and_o many_o honest_a family_n likely_a to_o come_v to_o utter_v ruin_n for_o remedy_n whereof_o the_o say_z lord_n according_a to_o the_o power_n give_v unto_o they_o by_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o most_o noble_a progenitor_n to_o set_v down_o order_n for_o administration_n of_o justice_n meaning_n to_o follow_v and_o practise_v the_o good_a and_o commendable_a law_n civil_a and_o cannon_n make_v against_o fraudful_a alienation_n in_o prejudice_n of_o creditor_n and_o against_o the_o author_n and_o partaker_n of_o such_o fraud_n statute_n ordain_v and_o declare_v that_o in_o all_o action_n and_o cause_n depend_v or_o to_o be_v intend_v by_o any_o true_a creditor_n for_o recovery_n of_o his_o just_a debt_n or_o 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