sheriff_n of_o each_o county_n have_v a_o double_a function_n first_o ministerial_a to_o execute_v all_o process_n and_o precept_n of_o the_o court_n of_o law_n and_o to_o make_v return_n of_o the_o same_o second_o judicial_a whereby_o he_o have_v authority_n to_o hold_v two_o several_a court_n of_o distinct_a nature_n the_o one_o call_v the_o sheriff_n turn_v which_o he_o hold_v in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o county_n inquire_v of_o all_o criminal_a offence_n against_o the_o common-law_n not_o prohibit_v by_o any_o statute_n the_o other_o call_v the_o county_n court_n wherein_o he_o hear_v and_o determine_v civil_a cause_n of_o the_o county_n under_o 40_o s._n which_o ancient_o be_v a_o considerable_a sum_n so_o that_o by_o the_o great_a fall_n of_o the_o money_n now_o the_o sheriff_n authority_n in_o that_o part_n be_v much_o diminish_v he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o life_n of_o justice_n of_o the_o law_n and_o of_o the_o county_n for_o no_o suit_n begin_v and_o no_o process_n be_v serve_v but_o by_o he_o than_o no_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n but_o by_o he_o last_o he_o be_v the_o chief_a conservator_n of_o the_o peace_n in_o the_o whole_a county_n every_o county_n be_v subdivide_v into_o hundred_o so_o call_v at_o first_o either_o for_o contain_v a_o hundred_o house_n or_o 100_o man_n bind_v to_o find_v arm_n or_o wapentake_v so_o call_v from_o touch_v a_o weapon_n when_o they_o swear_v allegiance_n as_o the_o manner_n at_o this_o day_n be_v in_o sweden_n at_o their_o solemn_a wedding_n for_o the_o chief_a witness_n to_o lay_v all_o their_o hand_n upon_o a_o lance_n or_o pike_n every_o such_o wapentake_n oâ—_n hundred_o have_v common_o a_o bailiff_n a_o very_a ancient_a officer_n but_o now_o of_o small_a authority_n also_o officer_n call_v high_a constable_n first_o ordain_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o winchester_n 13_o edw._n 1._o for_o conservation_n of_o peace_n and_o view_n of_o armour_n they_o disperse_v warrant_n and_o order_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n to_o each_o petty_a constable_n there_o be_v also_o in_o every_o county_n two_o officer_n call_v coroner_n who_o office_n be_v to_o inquire_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o neighbour_n how_o and_o by_o who_o any_o person_n come_v by_o a_o violent_a death_n and_o to_o enter_v the_o same_o upon_o record_n which_o be_v matter_n criminal_a and_o a_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o thence_o they_o be_v call_v crowner_n or_o coroner_n these_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o free_a holder_n of_o the_o county_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o writ_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n they_o be_v ancient_o man_n of_o estate_n birth_n and_o honour_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n iii_o a_o merchant_n be_v choose_v a_o coroner_n be_v remove_v quia_fw-la communis_fw-la mercator_fw-la fuit_fw-la whereas_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v a_o gentleman_n which_o have_v no_o trade_n man_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v by_o our_o law_n every_o county_n also_o have_v a_o officer_n call_v clerk_n of_o the_o mercat_n who_o office_n be_v to_o keep_v a_o standard_n of_o all_o weight_n and_o measure_v exact_o according_a with_o the_o king_n standard_n keep_v in_o the_o exchequer_n and_o to_o see_v that_o none_o other_o be_v use_v in_o the_o same_o county_n to_o seal_v all_o weight_n and_o measure_n make_v exact_o by_o the_o standard_n in_o his_o custody_n and_o to_o burn_v such_o as_o be_v otherwise_o he_o have_v a_o court_n and_o may_v keep_v and_o hold_v plea_n therein_o of_o the_o civil_a government_n of_o city_n every_o city_n of_o england_n by_o their_o charter_n or_o privilege_n grant_v by_o several_a king_n be_v a_o little_a commonwealth_n apart_o govern_v not_o as_o the_o city_n of_o france_n by_o a_o nobleman_n or_o gentleman_n place_v there_o by_o the_o king_n but_o whole_o by_o themselves_o they_o choose_v among_o themselves_o their_o own_o governor_n in_o city_n a_o mayor_n be_v choose_v common_o out_o of_o 12_o alderman_n in_o some_o other_o coâ—porations_n a_o bailiff_n be_v choose_v out_o of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o burgess_n they_o be_v not_o tax_v but_o by_o their_o own_o officer_n of_o their_o own_o corporation_n every_o trade_n have_v some_o of_o their_o own_o always_o of_o the_o council_n to_o see_v that_o nothing_o be_v enact_v contrary_a to_o their_o profit_n every_o city_n by_o charter_n from_o the_o king_n have_v haute_fw-fr moyenne_fw-fr &_o base_v justice_n a_o jurisdiction_n among_o themselves_o to_o judge_v in_o all_o matter_n criminal_a and_o civil_a only_o with_o this_o restraint_n that_o all_o civil_a cause_n may_v be_v remove_v from_o their_o court_n to_o the_o high_a court_n at_o westminster_n the_o mayor_n of_o the_o city_n be_v the_o king_n lieutenant_n and_o with_o the_o aldermâ—n_n and_o common_a council_n as_o it_o be_v king_n lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n can_v make_v law_n call_v by-law_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n he_o be_v for_o his_o time_n which_o be_v but_o for_o one_o year_n as_o it_o be_v a_o judge_n to_o determine_v matter_n and_o to_o mitigate_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n the_o next_o in_o government_n of_o city_n be_v two_o principal_a officer_n call_v though_o improper_o the_o sheriff_n who_o be_v judge_n in_o civil_a cause_n within_o this_o city_n and_o to_o see_v all_o execution_n do_v whether_o penal_a or_o capital_a and_o shall_v rather_o be_v call_v stat-reeves_a or_o port-reeves_a i._n e._n vrbis_fw-la vel_fw-la portus_n praefecti_fw-la in_o city_n the_o people_n be_v general_o make_v more_o industrious_a by_o manufacture_n and_o less_o idleness_n suffer_v then_o in_o other_o place_n so_o that_o in_o some_o city_n child_n of_o six_o or_o seven_o year_n old_a be_v make_v to_o gain_v their_o own_o expense_n in_o the_o city_n of_o norwich_n it_o have_v of_o late_a year_n be_v compute_v and_o find_v that_o yearly_a child_n from_o 6_o to_o 10_o year_n of_o age_n have_v gain_v 12_o thousand_o pound_n more_o than_o what_o they_o spend_v and_o that_o chief_o by_o knit_v fine_a jersey_n stocking_n the_o government_n of_o burrough_n and_o other_o town_n corporate_a be_v much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n in_o some_o there_o be_v a_o mayor_n in_o other_o one_o or_o two_o bailiff_n who_o have_v equal_a power_n with_o a_o mayor_n and_o sheriff_n and_o during_o their_o office_n they_o be_v justice_n of_o the_o peace_n within_o their_o liberty_n and_o have_v there_o the_o same_o power_n that_o other_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n have_v in_o the_o county_n for_o the_o better_a government_n of_o village_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o place_n have_v ordinary_o power_n to_o hold_v a_o court-baron_n so_o call_v because_o ancient_o such_o lord_n be_v call_v baron_n as_o they_o be_v still_o in_o many_o part_n of_o france_n or_o else_o court_n baron_n i._n e._n court_n of_o freeholder_n as_o the_o baron_n of_o germany_n be_v call_v frey_n herren_a so_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n in_o england_n be_v but_o the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n and_o this_o court_n may_v be_v hold_v every_o 3_o week_n also_o for_o the_o government_n of_o village_n there_o be_v a_o petty_a constable_n choose_v every_o year_n by_o every_o one_o that_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o place_n this_o officer_n be_v to_o keep_v the_o peace_n in_o case_n of_o quarrel_n to_o search_v any_o house_n for_o robber_n murderer_n or_o other_o that_o have_v any_o way_n break_v the_o peace_n to_o raise_v the_o hue_n and_o cry_n after_o robber_n flee_v away_o to_o seize_v upon_o they_o and_o keep_v they_o in_o the_o stock_n or_o other_o prison_n till_o they_o can_v bring_v they_o before_o some_o justice_n of_o peace_n to_o who_o the_o constable_n be_v subservient_fw-fr upon_o all_o occasiion_n either_o to_o bring_v crrminal_n before_o they_o or_o to_o carry_v they_o by_o their_o command_n to_o the_o common_a prison_n every_o little_a village_n almost_o have_v a_o epitome_n of_o monarchical_a government_n of_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a policy_n within_o itself_o which_o if_o due_o maintain_v will_v render_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n happy_a first_o for_o the_o civil_a government_n there_o be_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o soil_n who_o from_o the_o crown_n immediate_o or_o mediate_o hold_v dominium_fw-la soli_fw-la and_o be_v say_v to_o have_v in_o he_o the_o royalty_n as_o if_o he_o be_v a_o little_a king_n and_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o village_n have_v his_o court-leetâ—_a or_o court-baron_n to_o which_o they_o owe_v suit_n and_o service_n and_o where_o may_v be_v try_v small_a matter_n happen_v within_o the_o manor_n escheat_n upon_o felony_n or_o other_o accident_n custody_n of_o infant_n and_o lunatic_n power_n of_o pass_a estate_n and_o admit_v of_o tenant_n relief_n hariot_n hunt_v hawk_v fish_v etc._n etc._n under_o the_o lord_n be_v the_o constable_n or_o
moreover_o every_o archdeacon_n have_v his_o court_n and_o jurisdiction_n where_o small_a difference_n arise_v within_o his_o limit_n be_v plead_v also_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n have_v a_o court_n and_o take_v cognizance_n of_o cause_n happen_v in_o place_n belong_v to_o the_o cathedral_n last_o there_o be_v certain_a peculiar_a jurisdiction_n belong_v to_o some_o certain_a parish_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o be_v exempt_a sometime_o from_o the_o archdeacon_n jurisdiction_n and_o sometime_o from_o the_o bishop_n jurisdiction_n cause_n belong_v to_o ecclesiastical_a court_n be_v blasphemy_n apostasy_n from_o christianity_n heresy_n schism_n ordination_n institution_n of_o clerk_n to_o benefice_n celebration_n of_o divine_a service_n right_n of_o matrimony_n divorce_n general_a bastardy_n tithe_n oblation_n obvention_n mortuary_n dilapidation_n reparation_n of_o church_n probate_a of_o will_n administration_n simony_n incest_n fornication_n adultery_n solicitation_n of_o chastity_n pension_n procuration_n commutation_n of_o penance_n etc._n etc._n the_o cognizance_n whereof_o belong_v not_o to_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n the_o law_n and_o constitution_n whereby_o the_o ecclesiastical_a government_n do_v stand_v and_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v govern_v be_v first_o general_a canon_n make_v by_o general_a counsel_n also_o the_o arbitria_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la patrum_fw-la the_o opinion_n of_o father_n the_o grave_a decree_n of_o several_a holy_a bishop_n of_o rome_n which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n from_o time_n to_o time_n have_v admit_v next_o our_o own_o constitution_n make_v ancient_o in_o several_a provincial_a synod_n either_o by_o the_o legate_n otho_n and_o othobon_n send_v from_o rome_n or_o by_o several_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n all_o which_o be_v by_o 25_o h._n 8._o of_o force_n in_o england_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n or_o the_o king_n prerogative_n then_o the_o canon_n make_v in_o convocation_n of_o late_a time_n as_o primo_fw-la jacobi_n and_o confirm_v by_o his_o royal_a authority_n also_o some_o statute_n enact_v by_o parliament_n touch_v ecclesiastical_a affair_n and_o last_o divers_a custom_n not_o write_v but_o yet_o in_o use_n beyond_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n and_o where_o these_o fail_n the_o civil_a law_n take_v place_n the_o manner_n of_o trial_n by_o these_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v different_a from_o the_o trial_n at_o common_a law_n and_o be_v brief_o thus_o first_o go_v forth_o a_o citation_n than_o bill_n and_o answer_n then_o by_o proof_n witness_n and_o presumption_n the_o matter_n be_v argue_v pro_fw-la and_o con_v and_o the_o canon_n and_o civil_a law_n quote_v then_o without_o any_o jury_n the_o definitive_a sentence_n of_o the_o judge_n passs_v and_o upon_o that_o execution_n and_o this_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o try_v ecclesiastical_a civil_a cause_n but_o ecclesiastical_a criminal_a cause_n be_v try_v by_o way_n of_o accusation_n denunciation_n or_o inquisition_n the_o first_o when_o some_o one_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o prove_v the_o crime_n the_o second_o when_o the_o churchwarden_n present_a and_o be_v nor_o bind_v to_o prove_v because_o it_o be_v presume_v they_o do_v it_o without_o any_o malice_n and_o that_o the_o crime_n be_v notorious_a last_o by_o inquisition_n when_o by_o reason_n of_o common_a fame_n inquiry_n be_v make_v by_o the_o bishop_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la svo_fw-la by_o call_v some_o of_o the_o neighbourhood_n to_o their_o oath_n or_o the_o party_n accuse_v to_o his_o oath_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la so_o call_v because_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n do_v it_o ex_fw-la officio_fw-la svo_fw-la which_o be_v very_o ancient_a and_o be_v usual_a among_o the_o jew_n so_o joshua_n to_o acan_a fili_fw-la mi_fw-mi tribue_fw-la gloriam_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o god_n himself_o to_o adam_n upon_o his_o first_o transgression_n and_o likewise_o afterward_o to_o sodom_n but_o by_o the_o prevail_a faction_n in_o the_o long_a parliament_n this_o power_n be_v extort_a from_o the_o church_n the_o want_n whereof_o be_v one_o main_a cause_n of_o the_o great_a libertinism_n and_o debauchery_n of_o the_o nation_n now_o the_o punishment_n inflict_v by_o these_o spiritual_a or_o ecclesiastical_a court_n according_a to_o these_o spiritual_a or_o ecclesiastical_a law_n proceed_v in_o this_o manner_n first_o the_o party_n delinquent_a be_v admonish_v next_o go_v forth_o minor_fw-la excommunicatio_fw-la whereby_o he_o be_v excommunicate_v or_o exclude_v from_o the_o church_n or_o if_o not_o from_o the_o church_n yet_o from_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o lord_n supper_n be_v disenable_v to_o be_v plaintiff_n in_o a_o law_n suit_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o common_o for_o stubborness_n show_v by_o not_o appear_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n upon_o summons_n or_o not_o obey_v the_o order_n of_o the_o court_n which_o though_o in_o small_a matter_n yet_o may_v be_v a_o very_a great_a crime_n for_o res_fw-la praecepta_fw-la quo_fw-la facilior_fw-la est_fw-la observatu_fw-la eo_fw-la praecepti_fw-la violatio_fw-la est_fw-la gravior_n cum_fw-la fit_a magis_fw-la spontanea_fw-la as_o s._n austin_n observe_v of_o the_o first_o sin_n of_o adam_n any_o command_n by_o how_o much_o the_o easy_a it_o may_v be_v observe_v by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o grievous_a be_v the_o breach_n thereof_o because_o it_o be_v the_o more_o voluntary_a beside_o in_o contempt_n it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o the_o violation_n of_o the_o law_n as_o of_o the_o authority_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v resent_v and_o herein_o the_o church_n of_o england_n proceed_v not_o otherwise_o than_o the_o state_n of_o england_n for_o so_o odious_a in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o enland_n be_v the_o contempt_n thereof_o that_o not_o only_o for_o felony_n but_o even_o in_o a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n in_o a_o action_n of_o a_o small_a debt_n account_v or_o detinue_n if_o a_o man_n will_v not_o appear_v and_o submit_v himself_o to_o a_o trial_n at_o law_n a_o process_n of_o outlawry_n be_v ground_v against_o he_o and_o he_o be_v once_o outlaw_v he_o be_v out_o of_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n caput_fw-la gerit_fw-la lupinum_fw-la say_v bracton_n a_o outlawed_a be_v ancient_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o wolf_n lawful_o to_o be_v kill_v by_o any_o man_n that_o shall_v meet_v he_o as_o most_o just_a that_o he_o who_o contemn_v the_o law_n and_o therein_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o have_v benefit_n by_o the_o law_n nor_o protection_n from_o the_o king_n and_o at_o this_o day_n he_o be_v to_o loose_v all_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n the_o reader_n will_v easy_o pardon_v this_o digression_n when_o he_o consider_v the_o general_a cry_n against_o excommunication_n at_o this_o day_n this_o power_n of_o lesser_a excommunication_n the_o bishop_n may_v delegate_v to_o any_o grave_a priest_n with_o the_o chancellor_n excommunicato_fw-la major_n be_v not_o only_o a_o exclusion_n from_o the_o company_n of_o christian_n in_o spiritual_a duty_n but_o also_o in_o temporal_a affair_n and_o this_o common_o for_o heresy_n schism_n perjury_n incest_n and_o such_o grievous_a crime_n and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v do_v with_o the_o more_o solemnity_n and_o terror_n it_o be_v to_o be_v pronounce_v by_o the_o bishop_n himself_o in_o his_o proper_a person_n and_o be_v so_o excommunicate_v a_o man_n can_v in_o any_o civil_a or_o ecclesiastical_a court_n be_v plaintiff_n or_o witness_n and_o in_o case_n any_o man_n be_v so_o stubborn_a as_o to_o continue_v 40_o day_n excommunicate_v the_o king_n writ_n de_fw-fr excommunicato_fw-la capiendo_fw-la be_v grant_v forth_o of_o the_o chancery_n against_o he_o whereupon_o he_o be_v cast_v into_o prison_n without_o bail_n there_o to_o lie_v till_o he_o have_v satisfy_v for_o his_o offence_n next_o there_o be_v anathematismus_fw-la to_o be_v inflict_v only_o upon_o a_o obstinate_a heretic_n whereby_o he_o be_v declare_v a_o public_a enemy_n of_o god_n and_o reject_v and_o curse_a and_o deliver_v over_o to_o eternal_a damnation_n and_o this_o to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o bishop_n also_o in_o his_o own_o person_n assist_v by_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n or_o twelve_o other_o grave_a priest_n last_o there_o be_v interdictum_fw-la whereby_o be_v prohibit_v all_o divine_a office_n as_o christian_n a_o burial_n administration_n of_o sacrament_n etc._n etc._n in_o such_o a_o place_n or_o to_o such_o a_o people_n and_o if_o this_o be_v against_o a_o people_n it_o follow_v they_o wheresoever_o they_o go_v but_o if_o against_o a_o place_n only_o than_o the_o people_n of_o that_o place_n may_v go_v to_o divine_a office_n elsewhere_o beside_o these_o general_a censure_n of_o the_o church_n which_o respect_n church_n communion_n there_o be_v another_o which_o touch_v the_o body_n of_o the_o delinquent_n call_v public_a penance_n when_o any_o one_o be_v compel_v to_o confess_v in_o public_a his_o fault_n and_o to_o bewail_v it_o before_o the_o whole_a congregation_n in_o the_o church_n which_o be_v do_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o
bench_n so_o call_v because_o ancient_o the_o king_n sometime_o there_o sit_v in_o person_n on_o a_o high_a bench_n and_o his_o judge_n on_o a_o low_a bench_n at_o his_o foot_n to_o who_o the_o judicature_n belong_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o king_n in_o this_o court_n be_v handle_v the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n all_o thing_n that_o concern_v loss_n of_o life_n or_o member_n of_o any_o subject_a for_o then_o the_o king_n be_v concern_v because_o the_o life_n and_o limb_n of_o the_o subject_n belong_v only_o to_o the_o king_n so_o that_o the_o plea_n here_o be_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o subject_a here_o be_v also_o handle_v all_o treason_n felony_n breach_n of_o peace_n oppression_n misgovernment_n etc._n etc._n this_o court_n moreover_o have_v power_n to_o examine_v and_o correct_v all_o error_n in_o facto_fw-la &_o in_fw-la jure_fw-la of_o all_o the_o judge_n and_o justice_n of_o england_n in_o their_o judgement_n and_o proceed_n and_o this_o not_o only_o in_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o in_o all_o plea_n real_a personal_n and_o mix_v except_o only_o in_o the_o exchequer_n in_o this_o high_a court_n sit_v common_o four_o grave_a reverend_a judge_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v style_v the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o be_v create_v not_o by_o patent_n but_o by_o a_o short_a writ_n thus_o johanni_n keeling_n militi_fw-la salutem_fw-la sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la constituimus_fw-la vos_fw-la justiciarium_fw-la nostrum_fw-la capitalem_fw-la ad_fw-la placita_fw-la coram_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenenda_fw-la durante_fw-la beneplacito_fw-la nostro_fw-la testae_fw-la i_o ipso_fw-la apud_fw-la westm_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n hold_v their_o place_n by_o letter_n patent_n in_o these_o word_n rex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la ad_fw-la quos_fw-la praesentes_fw-la literae_fw-la pervenirint_fw-la salutem_fw-la sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la constituimus_fw-la dilectum_fw-la &_o fidelem_fw-la richardum_fw-la rainsford_n militem_fw-la unum_fw-la justiciariorum_fw-la ad_fw-la placita_fw-la coram_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenenda_fw-la durante_fw-la beneplacito_fw-la nostro_fw-la testae_fw-la etc._n etc._n these_o judge_n and_o all_o the_o officer_n belong_v to_o this_o court_n have_v all_o salary_n from_o the_o king_n and_o the_o chief_a of_o they_o have_v robe_n and_o livery_n out_o of_o the_o great_a wardrobe_n in_o this_o court_n all_o young_a lawyer_n that_o have_v be_v call_v to_o the_o bar_n be_v allow_v to_o plead_v and_o practise_v this_o court_n may_v grant_v prohibition_n to_o keep_v other_o court_n both_o ecclesiastical_a and_o temporal_a within_o their_o bound_n and_o due_a jurisdiction_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o court_n be_v general_a and_o extend_v to_o all_o england_n be_v more_o uncontrollable_a than_o any_o other_o court_n for_o the_o law_n presume_v that_o the_o king_n be_v always_o there_o in_o person_n none_o may_v be_v judge_n in_o this_o court_n unless_o he_o be_v a_o sergeant_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o coif_n that_o be_v a_o sergeant_n at_o law_n who_o upon_o take_v this_o high_a degree_n be_v oblige_v to_o wear_v a_o lawn_n coif_n under_o his_o cap_n for_o ever_o after_o a_o list_n of_o the_o several_a officer_n belong_v to_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o kings-bench_n lord_n chief_a justice_n sir_n john_n keeling_n knight_n justice_n be_v sir_n thomas_n twisden_n knight_n and_o baronet_n sir_n richard_n rainsford_n knight_n sir_n william_n morton_n knight_n clerk_z of_o the_o crown_n sir_n thomas_n fanshaw_n knight_n his_o secondary_a jasper_n waterhouse_n esquire_n protonotary_n sir_n robert_n henly_n knight_n his_o secondary_a william_n livesay_n esquire_n marshal_z or_o keeper_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n prison_n stephen_n mosedell_n esquire_n custos_fw-la brevium_fw-la justinian_n paget_n esquire_n andrew_n vivean_n and_o francis_n woodward_n clerk_n of_o the_o paper_n office_n sealer_n of_o the_o writ_n edward_n coleman_n gilbert_n barrel_n clark_n of_o the_o rule_n clerk_z of_o the_o error_n henry_n field_n george_n bradford_n clerk_n for_o file_v declaration_n a_o crier_n porter_n and_o some_o other_o inferior_a officer_n then_o there_o be_v filacer_n for_o the_o several_a county_n of_o england_n who_o office_n be_v in_o this_o court_n to_o make_v out_o all_o process_n upon_o original_a writ_n as_o well_o real_a as_o personal_a and_o mix_v they_o be_v late_o these_o that_o follow_v humphrey_n iron-monger_a edward_n parnel_n james_n buck_n samuel_n astrey_n francis_n greg_n john_n hind_n thomas_n stone_n thomas_n leach_n gilbert_n eveleigh_n henry_n ewin_n joshua_n langrige_n william_n oglethorp_n john_n philips_n william_n osborn_n rob._n hyde_n and_o anthony_n rouse_v the_o manner_n of_o trial_n in_o this_o and_o all_o other_o common_a law_n court_v in_o england_n be_v different_a from_o that_o of_o all_o other_o country_n and_o peculiar_a to_o england_n shall_v be_v at_o large_a describe_v apart_o in_o a_o chapter_n with_o other_o peculiar_o of_o the_o court_n of_o common_a pleas._n the_o next_o court_n for_o execution_n of_o law_n be_v the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n so_o call_v because_o there_o be_v debate_v the_o usual_a plea_n between_o subject_a and_o subject_a some_o say_v this_o court_n as_o well_o as_o other_o court_n be_v at_o first_o hold_v in_o the_o king_n house_n wheresoever_o he_o reside_v but_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_n charta_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o this_o court_n shall_v not_o be_v ambulatory_a but_o be_v hold_v at_o a_o certain_a place_n and_o that_o have_v ever_o since_o be_v in_o westminster-hall_n none_o but_o sergeant_n at_o law_n may_v plead_v in_o this_o court_n and_o so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o the_o king_n shall_v appoint_v be_v bind_v by_o oath_n to_o assist_v all_o that_o have_v any_o cause_n depend_v in_o that_o court_n this_o court_n may_v grant_v prohibition_n as_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n do_v the_o chief_a judge_n in_o this_o court_n be_v call_v the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common-plea_n or_o of_o the_o common-bench_n hold_v his_o place_n by_o letter_n patent_n durante_fw-la bene_fw-la placite_fw-la and_o so_o do_v the_o other_o inferior_a judge_n of_o this_o court_n whereof_o there_o be_v common_o three_o in_o this_o court_n all_o civil_a cause_n real_a and_o personal_a be_v usual_o try_v according_a to_o the_o strict_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n real_a action_n be_v pleadable_a in_o no_o other_o court_n nor_o fine_n levy_v or_o recovery_n suffer_v but_o only_o in_o this_o court_n at_o westminster_n the_o king_n allow_v to_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o this_o court_n a_o fee_n reward_n robe_n and_o two_o tun_n of_o wine_n â—s_a be_v do_v to_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o other_o bench_n also_o to_o the_o other_o judge_n of_o this_o court_n and_o to_o four_o sergeant_n be_v allow_v fee_n reward_n and_o robe_n to_o each_o one_o in_o the_o 11_o and_o 12_o of_o edward_n 3._o there_o be_v eight_o judge_n belong_v to_o the_o common_a plea_n at_o other_o time_n seven_o six_o and_o five_o and_o so_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n 6._o and_o edward_n 4._o but_o since_o usual_o but_o four_o as_o at_o this_o day_n before_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n mary_n these_o and_o the_o rest_n or_o the_o twelve_o judge_n ride_v upon_o mule_n and_o not_o upon_o horse_n as_o they_o now_o do_v in_o great_a state_n aâ—_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o term._n a_o list_n of_o the_o several_a officer_n belong_v to_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o common-plea_n lord_n chief_a justice_n sir_n john_n vaughan_n kt._n sir_n thomas_n tyrrel_n kt._n sir_n john_n archer_n kt._n sir_n william_n wylde_n kt._n and_o bar._n these_o be_v the_o present_a judge_n of_o that_o tribunal_n then_o there_o be_v a_o officer_n call_v custos_fw-la brevium_fw-la the_o first_o clerk_n of_o the_o court_n who_o office_n it_o be_v to_o receive_v and_o keep_v all_o writ_n returnable_a in_o that_o court_n to_o receive_v of_o the_o protonotary_n all_o the_o record_n of_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la call_v postea's_n he_o hold_v his_o place_n by_o patent_n from_o the_o king_n and_o have_v the_o gift_n of_o the_o second_o protonotary_n place_n and_o of_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o juries·_n sir_n joseph_n ash_n have_v this_o office_n and_o do_v execute_v it_o by_o his_o deputy_n thursby_n esquire_n there_o be_v three_o protonotary_n a_o word_n compound_v of_o greek_a and_o latin_a which_o with_o the_o ancient_n be_v usual_a and_o signify_v the_o first_o notary_n they_o be_v chief_a clerk_n of_o this_o court_n and_o by_o their_o office_n be_v to_o enter_v and_o enrol_v all_o declaration_n plead_n which_o the_o filazer_n do_v former_o promiscuous_o do_v assize_n judgement_n and_o action_n to_o make_v out_o judicial_a writ_n etc._n etc._n these_o considerable_a office_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o thomas_n robinson_n alan_n lockhart_n and_o humphrey_n wirley_n esquire_n the_o chirographer_n also_o from_o two_o greek_a word_n signify_v to_o acknowledge_v a_o debt_n by_o set_v one_o
the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o england_n together_o with_o divers_a reflection_n upon_o the_o ancient_a state_n thereof_o by_o edward_n chamberlayne_n dr_n of_o law_n and_o fellow_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n the_o second_o edition_n correct_v and_o new_o augment_v in_o magnis_fw-la voluisse_fw-la sit_v est_fw-la in_o the_o savoy_n print_v by_o t._n n._n for_o john_n martin_n printer_n to_o the_o royal_a society_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o bell_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1671._o ornatissimo_fw-la consultissimoque_fw-la viro_fw-la d._n jos._n williamson_n armig_n e_o societate_fw-la regia_fw-la londinensi_fw-la in_o regni_fw-la comitiis_fw-la senatori_fw-la regiae_n majestati_fw-la ab_fw-la archivis_fw-la status_fw-la et_fw-la intimiori_fw-la concilio_n a_fw-la secretis_fw-la hoc_fw-la qualequale_a enghiridium_fw-la l._n m._n d._n c._n q._n e._n c._n to_o the_o reader_n in_o a_o former_a small_a treatise_n entitle_v the_o present_a state_n of_o england_n the_o author_n have_v give_v a_o succinct_a account_n of_o the_o government_n in_o general_n as_o it_o be_v monarchical_a and_o therein_o of_o the_o king_n queen_n prince_n and_o princess_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o king_n queen_n and_o duke_n of_o york_n court_n of_o the_o three_o state_n of_o england_n clergy_n nobility_n and_o commons_o and_o of_o divers_a other_o remarkable_n in_o this_o second_o part_n of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o england_n he_o have_v endeavour_v to_o describe_v with_o the_o like_a brevity_n the_o particular_a government_n of_o england_n ecclesiastical_a civil_a and_o military_a the_o several_a court_n of_o justice_n the_o office_n and_o officer_n belong_v thereunto_o and_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o foreigner_n to_o exhibit_v a_o particular_a description_n of_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o london_n of_o the_o two_o renown_a university_n etc._n etc._n in_o erect_v such_o a_o spacious_a and_o various_a edifice_n the_o spectator_n at_o first_o view_n will_v hardly_o conceive_v how_o much_o pain_n be_v bestow_v in_o dig_v the_o foundation_n in_o raise_v scaffold_n in_o find_v convey_v and_o fit_v material_n in_o contrive_v the_o architecture_n in_o remove_v the_o rubbish_n etc._n etc._n other_o builder_n consult_v only_o their_o own_o brain_n and_o the_o dead_a that_o be_v book_n whereunto_o access_n may_v be_v have_v at_o all_o hour_n but_o in_o this_o work_n the_o live_n and_o the_o choice_a among_o they_o be_v to_o be_v advise_v with_o whereof_o some_o be_v far_o distant_a other_o seldom_o at_o leisure_n some_o unwilling_a to_o communicate_v their_o knowledge_n other_o not_o at_o all_o affable_a however_o if_o the_o reader_n reap_v in_o few_o hour_n the_o fruit_n of_o many_o month_n labour_n shall_v receive_v any_o content_n the_o author_n will_v not_o only_o be_v satisfy_v for_o this_o but_o encourage_v for_o another_o like_a enterprise_n the_o content_n a._n admiral_n 176_o admiralty_n 179_o archbishop_n 16_o archdeacon_n 29_o arch_n court_v 39_o 249_o audience_n court_n 40_o b._n beacon_n 161_o bencher_n 111_o bishop_n function_n 17_o bishop_n jurisdiction_n 17_o bishop_n make_v 21_o bishop_n consecration_n 24_o bishop_n translation_n 26_o britain_n burse_n 202_o c._n castle_n 161_o chancellor_n 40_o chancery_n court_n 131_o chancery_n officer_n 138_o civilian_n college_n 249_o civilian_n a_o list_n 251_o christmas_n at_o inn_n of_o court_n 241_o churchwarden_n 31_o clerk_n of_o the_o market_n 150_o high_a commission_n court_n 38_o common_a plea_n 112_o common_a plea_n officer_n 114_o company_n of_o trader_n 213_o constable_n high_a 149_o constable_n petty_a 152_o convocation_n 34_o coroner_n 149_o court_n of_o archdeacon_n 35_o court_v of_o delegate_n 39_o 257_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n 109_o court_n of_o lord_n 106_o cursitor_n 142_o custom-house_n 226_o d._n dean_n and_o chapter_n 27_o dean_n rural_a 29_o doctor_n commons_o 249_o e._n ecclesiastical_a government_n 15_o ecclesiastical_a person_n ib._n ecclesiastical_a censure_n 20_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n 41_o ecclesiastical_a law_n 42_o ecclesiastical_a trial_n ib._n ecclesiastical_a punishment_n 43_o exchange_n royal_a 202_o exchequer_n 118_o exchequer_n officer_n 120_o exchequer_n lower_v 124_o excommunication_n 43_o g._n garrison_n 156_o government_n of_o city_n 150_o government_n civil_a 49_o government_n of_o county_n 145_o government_n ecclesiastical_a 15_o government_n military_a 154_o government_n of_o village_n 152_o grammar_n school_n 275_o h._n herald_n college_n 266_o house_n of_o commons_o 71_o house_n of_o lord_n ib._n i._o inn_n of_o court_n 234_o inn_n of_o chancery_n 233_o inner_a barrister_n 237_o judge_n 246_o l._n lancaster_n duchy_n 130_o law_n of_o rhodes_n 180_o london_n bridge_n 224_o london_n burn_v 197_o london_n character_n 188_o london_n city_n ib._n london_n college_n 232_o london_n government_n 206_o london_n rebuilt_a 201_o london_n tower_n 215_o london_n tithe_n 207_o lord_n mayor_n 209_o lord_n lieutenant_n 298_o m._n master_n of_o the_o ordnance_n 216_o merchant_n 205_o military_a government_n 154_o militia_n maritime_a 162_o militia_n stand_v 158_o mint_n 217_o moot_a 240_o n._n navy_n charges_n 187_o navy_n office_n 183_o o._n officer_n of_o common_a plea_n 114_o officer_n of_o exchequer_n 120_o officer_n of_o king_n bench_n 111_o ordination_n of_o deacon_n 32_o ordination_n of_o priest_n 33_o p._n parliament_n 49_o parliament_n man_n 73_o st._n paul_n london_n 193_o paper_n office_n 14_o patron_n of_o church_n 30_o peculiar_a court_n 40_o penance_n 46_o post_v office_n 227_o prebendary_a 28_o prerogative_n court_n 40_o 256_o privy_a council_n 2_o privy_a council_n clerk_n 12_o privy_a councillor_n 6_o privy_a seal_n clerk_n 14_o physician_n college_n 258_o physician_n a_o list_n 260_o r._n reader_n at_o the_o inn_n of_o court_n 238_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n 217_o rector_n office_n 30_o river_n new_a 204_o rool_v oleron_n 180_o royol_n sovereign_a 166_o s._n secretary_n of_o state_n 116_o signet_n clerk_n 12_o sexton_n or_o clerk_n 32_o sheriff_n of_o county_n 147_o ship_n a_o list_n 169_o sergeant_n at_o law_n 243_o sergeant_n inn_n ibid._n sergeant_n make_v 245_o southwark_n 280_o t._n thames_n 203_o trade_n of_o london_n 205_o tower_n lieutenant_n 222_o v._n vice_n admiral_n 176_o vicar_n general_n 257_o university_n 281_o utter_a barister_n 237_o w._n wardrobe_n office_n 230_o westminster_n 277_o angliae_fw-la notitia_fw-la or_o the_o present_a state_n of_o england_n the_o second_o part._n of_o the_o government_n of_o england_n in_o particular_a and_o first_o of_o the_o king_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n the_o government_n of_o england_n in_o particular_a be_v either_o ecclesiastical_a civil_a or_o military_a wherein_o the_o king_n be_v supreme_a governor_n in_o all_o cause_n and_o over_o all_o person_n from_o he_o be_v derive_v all_o authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n he_o be_v quasi_fw-la intellectus_fw-la agens_fw-la forma_fw-la formarum_fw-la vel_fw-la potius_fw-la mundi_fw-la anglici_fw-la deus_fw-la and_o the_o primum_fw-la mobile_n thereof_o from_o whence_o all_o the_o inferior_a orb_n derive_v their_o motion_n be_v that_o noble_a honourable_a and_o reverend_a assembly_n call_v concilium_fw-la secretum_fw-la privatum_fw-la vel_fw-la continuum_fw-la regis_fw-la concilium_fw-la which_o be_v a_o court_n of_o such_o antiquity_n and_o honour_n that_o it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v high_a than_o the_o high_a court_n of_o england_n as_o the_o parliament_n be_v usual_o call_v for_o our_o parliament_n be_v not_o only_o much_o young_a but_o also_o may_v true_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o production_n of_o the_o king_n privy_a council_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n for_o summon_v of_o a_o parliament_n this_o be_v the_o high_a watch_n tower_n of_o the_o nation_n wherein_o the_o king_n with_o all_o his_o good_a sentinel_n and_o watchman_n about_o he_o take_v a_o careful_a survey_n of_o all_o his_o dominion_n and_o sometime_o of_o all_o the_o domininons_n of_o the_o world_n as_o any_o of_o they_o have_v any_o relation_n to_o he_o where_o he_o consult_v and_o contrive_v how_o to_o protect_v his_o numberless_a subject_n not_o only_o from_o injury_n among_o themselves_o but_o from_o the_o wrong_n and_o violence_n of_o all_o other_o nation_n where_o he_o do_v consult_v and_o watch_v for_o the_o public_a good_a honour_n defence_n profit_n and_o peace_n of_o all_o his_o people_n before_o the_o late_a end_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o quod_fw-la provisum_fw-la fuit_fw-la per_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o concilium_fw-la suum_fw-la privatum_fw-la sigilloque_fw-la regis_fw-la confirmatum_fw-la proculdubio_fw-la legis_fw-la vigorem_fw-la habuit_fw-la say_v spelman_n the_o primitive_a and_o ordinary_a way_n of_o government_n in_o england_n be_v by_o the_o king_n and_o and_o his_o privy_a council_n and_o all_o our_o king_n have_v act_v much_o by_o it_o determine_v controversy_n of_o great_a importance_n soemtimes_o touch_v land_n and_o right_n between_o party_n and_o party_n whereof_o there_o be_v very_o many_o precedent_n and_o the_o judge_n of_o
a_o bishop_n for_o their_o prolocutor_n and_o the_o low_a be_v require_v by_o the_o high_a house_n to_o choose_v they_o a_o prolocutor_n or_o speaker_n which_o do_v they_o present_v he_o to_o the_o upper_a house_n by_o two_o of_o their_o member_n whereof_o one_o make_v a_o speech_n in_o latin_a and_o then_o the_o elect_a person_n make_v another_o speech_n in_o latin_n last_o the_o archbishop_n answer_v in_o latin_a and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o lord_n approve_v of_o the_o person_n both_o house_n debate_n and_o transact_v only_o such_o matter_n as_o his_o majesty_n by_o commission_n express_o allow_v in_o the_o upper_a house_n thing_n be_v first_o propose_v and_o then_o communicate_v to_o the_o low_a house_n the_o major_a vote_n in_o each_o house_n prevail_v out_o of_o parliament_n time_n they_o usual_o assemble_v every_o day_n about_o nine_o of_o the_o clock_n and_o first_o the_o junior_a bishop_n say_v prayer_n in_o latin_a beginning_n with_o the_o litany_n and_o then_o 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or_o in_o translation_n of_o scripture_n only_o by_o their_o civil_a sanction_n when_o they_o be_v thereto_o require_v do_v confirm_v the_o result_v and_o consultation_n of_o the_o clergy_n that_o so_o the_o people_n may_v be_v the_o more_o easy_o induce_v to_o obey_v the_o ordinance_n of_o their_o spiritual_a governor_n the_o clergy_n of_o england_n have_v ancient_o their_o representative_n in_o the_o low_a house_n of_o parliament_n as_o appear_v by_o that_o ancient_a record_n so_o high_o prize_v by_o the_o late_a lord_n coke_n and_o as_o the_o upper_a house_n have_v and_o still_o have_v lord_n spiritual_a as_o well_o as_o temporal_a so_o in_o the_o low_a house_n there_o be_v always_o commons_o spiritual_a as_o well_o as_o temporal_a for_o that_o record_n say_v express_o that_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n consist_v of_o three_o degree_n or_o kind_n first_o ex_fw-la procuratoribus_fw-la cleri_fw-la second_o ex_fw-la militibus_fw-la comitatuum_fw-la three_o ex_fw-la burgensibus_fw-la and_o the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n direct_v now_o to_o the_o procuratores_fw-la cleri_fw-la seem_v to_o give_v they_o the_o very_a same_o right_a to_o sit_v in_o that_o house_n as_o the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n to_o the_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n do_v give_v to_o they_o all_o the_o member_n of_o both_o house_n of_o convocation_n have_v the_o same_o privilege_n for_o themselves_o and_o menial_a servant_n as_o the_o member_n of_o parliament_n have_v and_o that_o by_o statute_n the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n at_o the_o same_o time_n hold_v at_o york_n a_o convocation_n of_o all_o his_o province_n in_o like_a manner_n and_o by_o constant_a correspondence_n do_v debate_n and_o conclude_v of_o the_o same_o matter_n as_o be_v debate_v and_o conclude_v by_o the_o provincial_a synod_n of_o canterbury_n now_o for_o the_o executive_a power_n in_o church_n matter_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n there_o have_v be_v provide_v divers_a excellent_a court_n 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parliament_n whereupon_o follow_v a_o deluge_n of_o error_n in_o religion_n apostasy_n atheism_n blasphemy_n sacrilege_n incest_n adultery_n impious_a libel_n schism_n conventicle_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o so_o overwhelm_v the_o manner_n of_o english_a man_n and_o occasion_v at_o length_n so_o many_o profess_a atheist_n that_o until_o the_o re-establishment_n of_o this_o or_o the_o like_a court_n there_o can_v a_o reformation_n be_v reasonable_o hope_v for_o for_o civil_a affair_n that_o concern_v the_o church_n the_o high_a court_n be_v the_o court_n of_o delegate_n for_o the_o jurisdiction_n whereof_o it_o be_v provide_v 25_o h._n 8._o that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o any_o subject_n of_o england_n in_o case_n of_o defect_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o appeal_v to_o the_o king_n majesty_n in_o his_o court_n of_o chancery_n and_o that_o upon_o such_o appeal_n a_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n shall_v be_v direct_v to_o certain_a person_n particular_o design_v for_o that_o business_n so_o that_o from_o the_o high_a court_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n there_o lie_v a_o appeal_n to_o this_o court_n of_o delegate_n and_o beyond_o this_o to_o none_o other_o next_o to_o the_o court_n of_o delegate_n be_v the_o court_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n where_o any_o ecclesiastical_a suit_n between_o any_o person_n may_v wave_v all_o inferior_a court_n be_v decide_v among_o they_o the_o high_a court_n be_v the_o court_n of_o arch_n so_o call_v from_o the_o arch_a church_n and_o tower_n of_o s._n mary_n in_o cheapside_n london_n where_o this_o court_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v hold_v the_o judge_n whereof_o be_v call_v dean_n of_o the_o arch_n have_v jurisdiction_n over_o a_o deanery_n consist_v of_o 13_o parish_n within_o london_n exempt_v from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n hither_o be_v direct_v all_o appeal_n in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n within_o the_o province_n of_o canterbury_n to_o this_o court_n belong_v divers_a advocate_n all_o doctor_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n two_o register_n and_o ten_o proctor_n the_o dean_n at_o present_a be_v doctor_n sweat_n in_o the_o next_o place_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n have_v his_o court_n of_o audience_n keep_v within_o the_o archbishop_n palace_n and_o meddle_v not_o with_o any_o difference_n between_o party_n but_o concern_v election_n and_o consecration_n of_o bishop_n admission_n and_o institution_n to_o benefice_n dipense_v with_o bane_n of_o matrimony_n etc._n etc._n the_o next_o court_n be_v call_v the_o prerogative_n court_n which_o judge_v of_o estate_n fall_v by_o will_n or_o by_o intestates_fw-la so_o call_v because_o the_o archbishop_n jure_fw-la praerogativae_fw-la suae_fw-la have_v this_o power_n throughout_o his_o whole_a province_n where_o the_o party_n at_o the_o time_n of_o death_n have_v 5_o l._n or_o above_o in_o several_a diocese_n and_o these_o two_o court_n have_v also_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n last_o the_o court_n of_o peculiar_o which_o deal_v in_o certain_a parish_n lie_v in_o several_a diocese_n which_o parish_n be_v exempt_a from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o those_o diocese_n and_o be_v peculiar_o belong_v to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o who_o province_n there_o be_v 57_o such_o peculiar_o beside_o these_o court_n serve_v for_o the_o whole_a province_n every_o bishop_n have_v his_o court_n hold_v in_o the_o cathedral_n of_o his_o diocese_n over_o which_o he_o have_v a_o chancellor_n term_v ancient_o ecclesiecdicus_n &_o episcopi_fw-la ecdicus_n the_o church_n lawyer_n or_o the_o bishop_n lawyer_n who_o be_v skilled_a in_o the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n sit_v there_o as_o judge_n and_o if_o his_o diocese_n be_v large_a he_o have_v in_o some_o more_o remote_a place_n a_o commissary_n who_o authority_n be_v only_o in_o some_o certain_a place_n of_o the_o diocese_n and_o some_o certain_a cause_n limit_v to_o he_o by_o the_o bishop_n in_o his_o commission_n and_o these_o be_v call_v consistory_n court_n
be_v as_o the_o die_v nefâ—sti_n wherein_o the_o court_n sit_v not_o so_o that_o in_o one_o four_o part_n of_o the_o year_n and_o that_o in_o one_o city_n all_o considerable_a cause_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o england_n be_v full_o decide_v and_o determine_v whereas_o in_o foreign_a part_n the_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v open_v all_o the_o year_n except_o high_a holiday_n and_o harvest_n and_o that_o in_o all_o great_a city_n this_o may_v seem_v therefore_o strange_a to_o all_o foreigner_n till_o they_o know_v that_o the_o english_a have_v always_o be_v give_v more_o to_o peaceableness_n and_o industry_n than_o other_o people_n and_o that_o rather_o than_o go_v so_o far_o as_o london_n and_o be_v at_o so_o great_a charge_n with_o attourneye_n and_o lawyer_n they_o will_v either_o refer_v their_o difference_n to_o the_o arbitration_n of_o their_o parish_n priest_n who_o do_v or_o aught_o to_o think_v it_o a_o principal_a part_n of_o their_o duty_n to_o reconcile_v difference_n within_o their_o parish_n or_o to_o the_o arbitration_n of_o honest_a neighbour_n or_o else_o be_v content_a to_o submit_v their_o difference_n to_o trial_n before_o the_o judge_n of_o assize_n or_o the_o itinerant_a judge_n who_o twice_o a_o year_n viz._n after_o the_o end_n of_o hilary_n term_n and_o after_o the_o end_n of_o trinity_n term_n two_o by_o two_o of_o these_o principal_a judge_n ride_v several_a circuit_n and_o at_o the_o principal_a town_n of_o every_o county_n sit_v to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o cause_n of_o lesser_a moment_n both_o civil_a and_o criminal_a a_o most_o excellent_a wise_a constitution_n begin_v by_o king_n hen._n 2._o anno_fw-la 1176._o who_o at_o first_o divide_v england_n into_o six_o circuit_n not_o the_o same_o that_o be_v now_o and_o to_o each_o circuit_n allot_v three_o judge_n wales_n also_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o circuit_n north_n and_o south_n wales_n for_o which_o be_v design_v in_o like_a manner_n two_o sergeant_n at_o law_n for_o 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custos_fw-la rotulorum_fw-la so_o call_v because_o he_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o roll_n or_o record_n of_o the_o session_n and_o be_v to_o bring_v they_o to_o each_o quarter_n session_n the_o original_a of_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v from_o the_o first_o year_n of_o edward_n 3_o their_o office_n be_v to_o call_v before_o they_o examine_v and_o commit_v to_o prison_n all_o thief_n murderer_n wander_a rogue_n those_o that_o hold_v conspiracy_n conventicle_n riot_n and_o almost_o all_o other_o delinquence_n that_o may_v occasion_v the_o breach_n of_o peace_n and_o quiet_a to_o the_o king_n subject_n to_o commit_v all_o such_o to_o prison_n as_o either_o can_v or_o by_o law_n be_v not_o to_o be_v bail_v that_o be_v can_v be_v set_v at_o liberty_n by_o surety_n take_v for_o their_o appearance_n at_o a_o place_n and_o time_n certain_a land_n to_o see_v they_o bring_v forth_o in_o due_a time_n to_o trial_n every_o quarter_n or_o three_o month_n the_o justice_n meet_v at_o the_o chief_a or_o shire_n town_n where_o the_o grand_a enquest_n or_o jury_n of_o the_o county_n be_v summon_v to_o appear_v who_o upon_o oath_n be_v to_o inquire_v of_o all_o traitor_n heretic_n thief_n murderer_n money-coiner_n riot_n &c_n &c_n those_o that_o appear_v to_o be_v guilty_a be_v by_o the_o say_a justice_n commit_v to_o prison_n to_o be_v try_v at_o the_o next_o assize_n when_o the_o judge_n of_o westminster_n come_v their_o circuit_n aforemention_v for_o execution_n of_o law_n in_o every_o county_n except_o westmoreland_n and_o durham_n the_o king_n every_o michaelmas_n term_n nominate_v for_o each_o county_n a_o sheriff_n that_o be_v a_o reeve_n of_o the_o shire_n praepositus_fw-la or_o praefectus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la a_o governor_n or_o guardian_n of_o the_o county_n for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o patent_n be_v commisimus_fw-la tibi_fw-la custodiam_fw-la commitatus_fw-la nostri_fw-la de_fw-la n._n the_o sheriff_n office_n be_v to_o execute_v the_o king_n mandate_n and_o all_o writ_n direct_v to_o he_o out_o of_o the_o king_n court_n to_o empannel_v jury_n to_o bring_v cause_n and_o criminal_n to_o trial_n to_o see_v the_o sentence_n both_o in_o civil_a and_o criminal_a affair_n execute_v to_o wait_v on_o and_o guard_v the_o itenerant_a judge_n twice_o a_o year_n so_o long_o as_o they_o continue_v within_o the_o county_n which_o at_o the_o assize_n be_v perform_v with_o great_a pomp_n splendour_n feast_v &c_n &c_n in_o order_n to_o the_o better_a execution_n of_o his_o office_n the_o sheriff_n have_v attendant_a his_o under-sheriff_n divers_a clerk_n steward_n of_o court_n bailiff_n of_o hundred_o constable_n gaoler_n sergeant_n or_o beedles_n beside_o a_o gallant_a train_n of_o servant_n in_o rich_a livery_n all_o on_o horseback_n at_o the_o reception_n of_o the_o judge_n he_o be_v ancient_o choose_v as_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n but_o to_o avoid_v tumult_n it_o be_v now_o thus_o every_o year_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o november_n the_o judge_n 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