Emanuel himself being long before dead yet was he still desirous to have it of some one of the Greek Emperors whosoever he were Unto the Pope and the Italians both he and the Noblemen with him had before promised that the Greek Church should ever acknowledge the Supremacy of the Church of Rome and from thenceforth submit it self thereunto as unto the Soveraign Judge of all the Christian Churches which caused the Pope Innocentius by Letters by Legates by Embassadors and by all other means possible to further the Cause of the young Prince Alexius so combined with his own alledging the diversity of Opinions in matters of Religion betwixt the Greeks and the Latines to have been the chief cause that the Mahometans had not been long ago by their United Forces subdued or utterly rooted out In brief the young Prince spared not to promise most bountiful Rewards in general to all that should take his part against his Uncle the usurping Emperor By this means the devout War taken in hand for the Relief of the poor Christians in Syria was laid aside and the same Forces that should have been therein imploy'd now converted against the Greek Empire to the great weakning of that side of the Christian Common-weal and advantage of the Common Enemy who might then easily have been oppressed had he with the United Forces of the Christians been on this side charged home as he was on the farther by the Tartars The Grecian War thus resolved upon it seemed best unto the great Commanders of the Army to march directly to Constantinople as to the head of the Grecian State and place where the Tyrant whom they sought after was resiant In the mean time it was by them given out through all the Greek Cities which the Emperor had strongly manned and fortified for the staying of their passage that their purpose was not to make War against the Grecians their Friends but only to restore their lawful Emperor unto his former State and Honour And that forasmuch as every City and Town in ancient Greece had appointed Rewards and almost divine Honours unto such as had delivered them from Tyrants they should now more favourably receive and intreat them that came to restore unto every City and to every man in general their former Liberty and Honour And so upon the Resolution for Constantinople imbarking their Army and passing through the Ionian-Sea into the Aegeum and so without let through the Straits of Helespontus into Propontis and entring the Straits of Bosphorus Thracius which divide Europe from Asia they came to an Anchor even in the face of the City In this Fleet were two hundred and forty Sail of tall Ships sixty Gallies seventy Ships for burden and one hundred and twenty Sail of Victuallers which all together made a most brave shew covering that Strait in such sort as that it seemed rather a Wood than a part of the Sea. Thus for a space they lay facing the City attending if happily upon the coming and sight of so great a Fleet and the report of so puissant an Army as the young Prince Alexius had brought with him any Tumult or Sedition might arise in the City But the wary Tyrant had so well provided therefore before hand that the Citizens although they in heart favoured the young Prince and wished him well yet durst they not once move or stir in his Quarrel Whilst the Fleet thus lay Embassadors came from the Isle of Creet in two great Gallies with three banks of Oars yielding unto the young Prince that goodly Island with all the Towns and Cities therein which he forthwith gave unto the Marquess of Mont-Ferrat General of the Army thereby to encourage the other great Commanders of the Army to do the uttermost of their devoir in hope of Recompence and Rewards answerable to their deserts and valour Before the arrival of this Fleet Alexius the Emperor had with a great Chain made fast the entrance of the Haven betwixt Constantinople and Pera and appointed twenty great Gallies well manned for the keeping thereof but a great gale of Wind arising the General sent out the greatest and strongest Ship in the Fleet for her greatness and swiftness called the Eagle which with all her Sails up carried with a full gale of Wind by main force brake the Chain and made a way for the rest of the Fleet to enter which the Greeks in the Gallies seeing for fear fled leaving the Gallies for a spoil unto the Venetians by whom they were all taken but not a man found in them The Haven thus gained Theodorus Lascaris the Emperors Son in law was presently ready upon the shore with a select Company of the bravest Gallants of the City and of the Court to have hindred the Latines from landing who running their Ships aground landed with such chearfulness and courage and with such hast that in one moment you might have seen them leap out of their Ships take land enter into the battel and lay about them like mad men This hot skirmish endured a great while for that they were only Foot-men that sustained this brunt for the Horses could not so soon be landed and the Greeks were bravely mounted All this great fight the Constantinopolitans beheld with doubtful hearts expecting what should be the event thereof There were in the City six thousand of the Flower of Greece which bravely sallying out made the battel much more doubtful yet such was the valour and resolution of the Latines that in fine the Greeks discomfited were glad to retire themselves again into the City but with what loss was not certainly known easie it were to guess that it was right great for that the old Tyrant Alexius discouraged therewith and doubtful of his own estate with Theodorus Lascaris his Son in law and some few others of his trusty Friends hard to be found in so dangerous a case the next night following secretly fled out of the City carrying away with him a wonderful mass of Treasure which he against all such events had caused to be secretly hidden by his Daughter Irene in a Monastery of Nuns within the City whereof she was the Abbess and so saved himself The flight of the Tyrant once bruted the next morning the Constantinopolitans taking the old Emperor Isaac out of Prison saluted him again for their Emperor rejoycing greatly for his deliverance and the safeguard of his life and after that opened the Gates of the City to the Latines calling and saluting them by the names of the Revengers and Saviours of the Liberty of the Greeks as also of the Life and Majesty of their Emperor they requested them that they might see and salute Alexius their young Prince whom they had so long desired and so was the City of Constantinople by the submission of the Citizens for that time saved from saccage and spoil The old Emperor thus delivered and together with his Son Alexius again placed in the Imperial Seat
Melechsares the Aegyptian Sultan determining to root out all the Christians in Syria and the Land of Palestine is by sudden death taken away 86 a. Melechsala Sultan of Damasco by the Treason of his Nobility dispossessed of his Kingdom 41 b. Mesites Bassa sent by Amurath to invade Transilvania 182 a. he with 20000 Turks more slain by Huniades 183 a. Meysberg's Regiment in mutiny 841 b. Michna's Souldiers defeated by Prince Alexanders Troops 935 a. flieth ib. a. sends an Ambassador to Prince Alexander ib. b. proclaimed Prince of Moldavia 936 b. Michael Ducas the Greek Emperour by Nicephorus Botoniates deposed of his Empire after he had reigned six years and six months 8. b. Michael Palaeologus flieth to the Sultan of Iconium 76 b. called home again by the Emperour Theodorus and made Great Constable 77 a. aspireth and by common consent made Tutor unto the young Emperour 78 b. himself proclaimed Emperour and crowned ib. b. by Alexius Caesar his Lieutenant surpriseth Constantinople 81 a. repaireth the decayed City ib. b. causeth the young Emperours Eyes to be put out 82 a. his Army ovâ—rthrown by the Turks in Paphlagonia ib. b. submitteth the Greek Church unto the Latine and for what cause 100 b. perswadeth his Subjects to accept of the alteration of their Religion and Ceremonies 101 a. raiseth Persecution in the Greek Church ib. a. hindered by domestical trouble hath no leisure to attend unto the danger arising from the Turks in Asia ib. a b. obscurely buried ib. b. Michael Cossi by Othoman taken Prisoner by him again set at Liberty 95 a. Father of the honourable Family of the Michael-Oglies among the Turks ib. a. discovereth unto Osman the Treason intended against him 98 a. enforced rather than perswaded by Othoman turneth Turk 100 a. Michael the young Emperour overthrown by the Catalonians and Turks in danger to have been taken 106 a. again overthrown by the Turks at Chersonesus 108 b. Michael Horwat by Amurath created Vayvod of Valachia 738 a. perswaded by the Transilvanian Prince revolteth from the Turks and killeth all the Turks and Iews in his Country 739 a. killeth one of the Turks proud Emirs with all his followers ib. b. doth the Turks great harm ib. b. suffereth the Turks Ambassadors unto the King of Polonia by his Subjects to be slain 744 a. spoileth the Turks Frontiers ib. a. yieldeth his obeysance again vnto the Turks yet refuseth to aid him against the Christians 669 a. weary of the Turk submitteth himself with his People to the Emperours protection 770 a. sacketh Nicopolis 774 b. with a great Army entereth into Transilvania 778 a. in a great battel overthroweth the Cardinal Bathor ib. b. sendeth his head for a Present to the Emperour ib. b. hath the Government of Transilvania by the Emperour confirmed unto him 783 a. receiveth Presents from the Turk ib. b. in a great battel overthroweth Sigismund the late Transilvanian Prince with the Vayvod of Moldavia 784 b. tyranniseth in Transilvania 785 a. enforced by the Transilvanians to fly craveth Aid of George Basta the Emperours Lieutenant in the upper Hungary ib. a. by Basta and the Transilvanians in a great battel overthrown at Mirislo 787 a. reconcileth himself to Basta ib. b. for fear of being betrayed unto the Polonians taketh his flight into the Mountains 788 a. by Zamoschie the Great Chancellor driven out of Valachia and another Vayvod there placed in his stead ib. b. submitteth himself unto the Emperour 796 a. returning into Valachia giveth Aid unto Basta against Sigismund the Transilvanian 796 b. having with Basâ—a driven the Prince out of Transilvania with great insolency useth his Victory ib. b. his presumptuous speech to Basta 797 a. suddenly slain in his own Tent ib. a. The Mingrelians manner of feasting 925 b. The Misery of the Captive Constantinopolitans 236 b. Mitylene yielded unto the Turk 248 a. Modon taken by the Turks 313 a. Moldavia invaded by the Turks and Tartars 908 b. Monsieur Laual a valiant Gentleman slain 867 b. Morat who then reigned by the Visier attempted to be made Sultan and Mustapha again deposed 974 a. Moravia spoiled by the rebellious Haiducks 863 a. The Morisques chase the Iews out of Pera 917 a. practise against the Christians ib. a. Moyses the Transilvanian Rebel overthrown by Basta flies with his Wife and all his Family to the Turks 815 b. entereth Transilvania with an Army 817 a. besiegeth the Town of Wisceburg and taketh it ib. b. winneth Claudinople 818 a. deceived by the Turks ib. b. putteth to flight the Valachians 818 b. by them overthrown and slain 819 a. Moyses Golemus corrupted revolteth unto the Turk 253 b. with an Army of the Turks by Mahomet sent into Epyrus against Scanderbeg 254 a. overcome and put to flight by Scanderbeg 255 a. contemned of the Turks flieth from Constantinople and again submitteth himself to Scanderbeg ib. b. he with divers others of Scanderbegs best Captains by Balabanus taken Prisoners and by Mahomet slain quick 270 b. Muhamat and Partau two of the Visier Bassa's by the insolent Ianizaries foulely intreated 559 b. Muhamet for fear of them for a time refraineth to come into the Divano 559 b. dissuadeth Selymus from the invading of Cyprus 567 b. as a secret Friend unto the Venetians putteth them in hope of Peace 580 a. cunningly dissuadeth Selymus from the massacring of the Christians by filling his Head with more necessary considerations â—00 b. strangely murthered 670 b. Muleasses King of Tunes cruel and unthankful 433 a. for fear of Barbarussa flieth out of Tunes ib. b. sumptuous in his fane 504 a. cometh to Charles the Emperour 445 a. his speech unto the Emperour ib. b. his behaviour ib. b. his Opinion concerning the present War 446 a. three things by him especially lamented in the spoil made by the Christians in the Castle of Tunes 450 a. fearing the coming of Barbarussa departeth from Tunes into Italy to crave aid of Charles the Emperour 503 b. shut out of his Kingdom in the mean time by his Son Amida 504 a. returneth into Africk to Guletta ib. a. going to Tunes is by the way overthrown taken Prisoner and hath his Eyes put out by his own unnatural Son 505 a. at the request of Touares is sent to Guletta 506 a. by Charles the Emperour seâ—t into Sicily there to be kept of the common charge ib. b. refuseth to kiss the Popes Foot ib. b. Murzufle by the tumultuous People created Emperour attempteth to burn the Venetian Fleet 57 a. with his own hands strangleth the young Prince Alexis ib. b. encourageth his Soldiers ib. b. being in despair flyeth 58 a. Musa Son to Bajazet the First his speech unto his Brother Mahomet 165 b. marrieth the Prince of Valachia's Daughter 166 a. in the absence of his Brother Solyman received at Hadrianople as King ib. a. goeth against his Brother Solyman ib. a. fighteth with his Brother Mahomet 167 b. his chief Captains revolt to Mahomet 169 a. taken and strangled ib. a. Musachius a
some great War besides that in the Cities for the Government thereof they placed their trustiest friends removing such others as they had in suspition All which they coloured by rumors falsly raised one while of the coming of the European Tartars from Danubius and another while by the coming of the Turks out of Asia against whose Invasions these preparations were given out to be made for avoiding of suspition and the Traitors for their provident care highly commended even by the Emperor himself against whom they were intended All which things Syrgiannes notably dissembled oftentimes withall certifying the young Prince what he had done and what was likewise of him to be performed But the old Emperor seeing his youthful Nephew not to hearken to his grave advice but still to proceed in his dissolute kind of life was about solemnly to have reproved him before the Patriarch and some others of the chief Nobility if happily such open reproof might have wrought in him some change of Manners if not then to have committed him to prison and like enough he was to have so done had he not been otherwise perswaded by Theodorus Mitochita who of all others was able to do most with him by reason of the liberty of the time for then it was almost Shrovetide when as the people distempred with excess of meat and drink were of all other times most fit upon any light occasion to be drawn into a tumult or uproar for fear whereof he was contented for that time to let him alone But Shrovetide past and a good part of Lent also the old Emperor seeing no amendment in his Nephew calling unto him Gerasimus the Patriarch and the rest of the reverend Bishops then present in the City sent for his Nephew openly before them all to chide him and to school him for his disordered life but especially for his purposed flight that ashamed of such open reproof before such reverend Fathers he might either amend his life or at leastwise of all men be thought justly punisht for the same if he should still proceed therein So the young Prince being sent for came accompanied with many of his Favorites and Followers most of them being secretly armed and he himself not altogether unprovided for it was agreed amongst them that if the Emperor should use gentle and fatherly admonition towards him that then they should be quiet without any shew of insolency or discontentment but if he should in anger reprove him or threaten to punish him then upon a sign given forcibly with their Swords drawn to break in upon him and to kill him in the Imperial Seat and without more ado to place young Andronicus his Nephew in his stead But coÌ„ming in and as his manner was taking his place next unto his aged Grandfather his desperate Followers attending without he was indeed of him grievously blamed and reproved for all his former follies and evil course of life yet with such moderation and gravity as that all seemed as it did to come of a most fatherly care and regard so that at that time no such Outrage was committed as was by divers his Followers wished but the Assembly quietly dismissed and a solemn Oath taken on both sides of the Grandfather That he should not appoint any but his Nephew to succeed him in the Empire and of the young Prince That he should never go about to attempt any thing to the shortening or hurt of his Grandfathers life or Empire But the Conspirators thronging about him at his coming out fretted and fumed at him as if he had broken his Faith and Oath before given them saying What greater wrong couldst thou do us than being by us made strong and become dreadful unto thine Enemies to dispose of thine affairs at thy pleasure to thine own safety and to leave us thy most faithful Friends and Servants in the Devils mouth to be devoured For now they both doubted and feared lest their Conspiracy was discovered With which Speeches he both discouraged and ashamed sent for Theodorus Metochita his Grandfathers chief Councellor requesting him to deal with his Grandfather for the pardoning of all his Followers as he had done for himself of which motion he disliking told him That he was to give God thanks that he had himself escaped so great a danger and to him also as a mean for the safeguard of his life although he treated not for such traiterous persons with whom if he were well advised he would have nothing to do either think that they would eâ—er be faithful unto him that respecting neither God nor man had so fouly broken their Faith before given unto the Emperor his Grandfather With which unexpected Answer of so great and grave a Counsellor the Prince not a little troubled and withall discontented stood a while as in a muse all silent reasoning as it were with his own passions but afterwards commanding him without further reply to depart and the old Companions of his follies resorting unto him he by their perswasions entertained again his former disloyal thoughts and designments which his Grandfather vehemently suspecting and therewith not a little grieved would as if it had been by Inspiration oftentimes in his heaviness say unto them that were about him In our time is lost the Majesty of our Empire and the devotion of the Church Yet to prevent the worst he thought it good betime to lay hands upon his suspected Nephew and so to detain him in safe keeping acquainting none therewith but Gerasimus the Patriarch and his ghostly Father who presently acquainted the Prince therewith and was the cause that he hastned his flight flying himself before For he now certainly understanding the danger he was in the night before he should have been apprehended with all the rest of the Conspirators his Complices in the dead time of the night fled out of the City by the Gate called Gyrolimnia which Gate all the rest being shut was still at his Command for that he used commonly thereby at his pleasure very early to go out on hunting as he now pretended to do but the next day after came to Syrgiannes and Catacuzenus Camp who then both lay with a great Power at Hadrianople expecting his coming The old Emperor before the rising of the Sun advertised of the flight of his Nephew the same day commanded him to be proclaimed Traytor and proscribed with all his Conspirators and whosoever else should take his part And for the more surety every man in the City was sworn to be loyal and faithful unto the old Emperor and Enemies unto his Nephew and his Adherents But he on the other side proclaiming Liberty and Immunity abroad in all the Cities and Villages in Thracia so won the hearts of the Country people in general that they resorted unto him from all places in great numbers ready armed to do whatsoever he should command them And to begin withall they first laid hands upon the Collectors of the Emperors money
Italians upon whom he shewed his Tyranny with most exquisite and horrible Torments Paulus Ericus Governor of the City with a few others who with him were fled into the Castle without resistance delivered the same unto him upon his faithful Promise that they might in safety depart but after he had got them into his Power the perfidious Tyrant without regard commanded them all to be cruelly murthered The Governors Daughter a Maiden of incomparable beauty was amongst the rest taken Prisoner and for her rare Perfection by them that took her presented to Mahomet as the Mirrour of Beauty The barbarous Tyrant greedy of so fair a Prey sought first by flattering words and fair perswasion to induce her to consent to his desire but when he could not so prevail he fell into another vain and began to shew himself in his own nature threatning her with Death Torture and Force worse than Death it self if she would not otherwise yield unto his Appetite Whereunto the constant Virgin worthy eternal Fame answered so resolutely and so contrary to the Tyrants expectation that he being therewith enraged commanded her to be presently slain The horrible and monstrous Cruelty with the filthy Outrages by that beastly and barbarous people committed at the taking of that City passeth all credit Chalcis thus won the rest of that fruitful Island without further resistance yielded unto the Turish slavery under which it yet groaneth This Calamity happened unto the Venetian State or rather to say truly to the general hurt of the Christian Common-weal in the year of our Redemption 1470. Canalis the Venetian Admiral who all the time of the Siege had in the sight of the City lien at Anchor as a looker on fearing now the City was lost to be set upon by the Turks Fleet hoised Sail and laded with dishonor returned in haste unto Venice where he was by the Commandment of the Senate committed to Prison and afterward with all his Family exiled to Utinum year 1471. Shortly after when Mahomet was departed with his Army out of Euboea and his Fleet returned to Constantinople the Venetians with their Gallies attempted to have upon the sudden surprised the City a little before lost But Mahomet had therein left so strong a Garrison that when the Venetians had landed their Men they were again enforced to retire to their Gallies and to forsake their Island Chalcis thus lost with all the Island of Euboea the Venetians chose Petrus Mocenicus a valiant and discreet Gentleman Admiral of their Fleet in stead of Canalis and by their Embassadors solicited Sixtus the Fourth of that Name then Bishop of Rome and Ferdinand King of Naples with Lewis King of Cyprus and the grand Master of the Rhodes to joyn their Forces together with theirs against the great and common Enemy which thing all the aforesaid Christian Princes promised them to do And the more to intangle the Turk they at the same time sent Caterinus Zenus their Embassador with rich Presents unto Alymbeius Usun-Cassanes the great King of Persia to incite him on that side against the Turk in which Negotiation Zenus so well behaved himself that the next year following that great King took up Arms against Mahomt and had with him mortal Wars as shall be in convenient place hereafter declared Mahomet not ignorant of the proceedings of the Venetians and that they did what they might to stir up as many Enemies as they could and to bring him if it were possible into hatred with the whole World and well knowing how much he had offended the minds of the Christian Princes with the cruelty he had of late used against them of Chalcis thought it not best as then further to provoke them and so happily to bring all at once about his ears but for a season to lie still at Constantinople as if he had been desirous now to live in peace not meaning further harm hoping therâ—by that although he concluded no Peace with any of them which inded he was not desirous of yet that tract of time might mittigate the hainousness of the fact and cool the heat of their displeasure whereby it came to pass as he wished that nothing worth the speaking of was that year attempted against him and because the Persian King was the man of whom he stood most in doubt he sought by his Embassadors to pacifie him and to withdraw him from the League of the Christians requesting him if it were for nothing else but for the Community of the Mahometan Religion wherein they well agreed and were thereby the professed Enemies of the Christians to withdraw his hand and in their cause to cease to take up Arms urging now for that it so stood with his purpose the zeal of Religion whereas otherwise he regarded as was thought no Religion at all But Zenus the Venetian Embassador lying continually in the Persian Court so wrought the matter with Usun-Cassanes that he told the Turks Embassadors plainly That he could nor would not longer endure the manifest injury and wrong done unto him by the Turkish King and farther that he had made a faithful League with the Christian Princes and therefore would to the uttermost of his Power make it known unto the World that he would effectually perform what thing soever he had promised and so dismissed them now no less discontented than were before the Persian Embassadors at such time as they returned from the Turks Court having obtained nothing they then requested concerning the Emperor of Trapâ—zond The year following year 1472. Mocenicus the Venetian Admiral with his Fleet arrived in the Isle of Lesbos where he did great harm From thence he passed the Bay of Adramittium into the lesser Asia and so spoiled the Country about Pergamus After that he landed again at Cnidus upon the coast of Caria where he took a great Booty and so having done the Turks exceeding much harm in Asia all alongst the Sea coast opposite to Graecia he returned laden with spoil towards Peloponnesus In his return about the Promontory of Malea upon the coast of Peloponnesus he met with Richaiensis coming unto him with seventeen Gallies from King Ferdinand by whom he was certified that the great Bishops Fleet was ready to come forth also After mutual Gratulation as the manner at Sea is the Admirals joyning their Fleets in one landed at Methone now called Modon then a City of the Venetians in Peloponnesus where after they had well refreshed their Souldiers and taken in fresh Victuals they put to Sea again and sailing through the Islands landed in Asia where they were at their first landing encountred by the Country Turks whom at last they put to flight and by the space of four days took what pillage they could in the Country where the Souldiers found great store of rich Booty especially of Turky Carpets which are there made in great abundance From thence they sailed to Halicarnassus which is part of Caria where sometime stood
they did but stir in danger to be fet off with shot out of the Town earnestly requested the Mariners to take them with them into the Main which to do at the first the Mariners dissembling refused as a thing dangerous and besides that their Boat was too little to receive so many as would willingly have gone with them Yet with much ado they suffered themselves to be intreated to take in seven or eight such a number as they could well master who in hope of passing over into the Main were contrary to their expectation brought Prisoners to the Rhodes where they were by Prejanes brought up to the top of the highest Tower of St. Iohns Church from whence they might see all about the Country and well descrie all the manner of the Turks Camp which they simply discovered unto the Captain and whatsoever else they were demanded and amongst other things confessed that the Souldiers were greatly discontented with the Siege having in the beginning thereof lost so many men and that they were ready to rise in mutiny against their Captains and would hardly by them be commanded out of their Trenches and Cabbins saying that all they did was but lost labour and that they should find it another piece of work to win the Rhodes than they had at Belgrade wherefore if they were wise they should in time depart before they had received further harm both from the Enemy and for want of necessaries wherewith the Souldiers began already to be pinched All which was then supposed to have been spoken by the Captives to please him in whose power they now were yet it appeared afterwards to be all true For Pyrrhus Bassa considering the troubled state of the Camp and the general discontentment of the Souldiers whom he was at that time gladder to please than to punish writ unto Solyman at Constantinople That if he would the Siege should go forward he should wâ—â—â—out delay come in person himself to the Camp â—â—r that the Souldiers without regard of shame were â—â—ady to rise in mutiny and to abandon the Siege reâ—â—â—ing to be commanded by their Captains In the mean time 〈◊〉 Solyman prepareth himself to set forward the Tuâ—â—â—sh Captains understood by certain Fugitives wâ—â—â—â—of in all Wars some are to be found that the higâ— Steeple of St. Iohns Church served them of the Town for a Watch Tower for which cause and for despight of the Cross standing upon the top thereof they laboured nothing more than with continual shot to beat down that Tower which whilst they were doing with great diligence Solyman himself came into the Camp the eight and twentieth day of August in the Afternoon where finding in his Army all the signs of cowardise and fear that could be spoken of or devised and nothing done according to the command of such as he had appointed for that charge but all things out of order he took more grief to see that great disorder than he did pleasure and good hope of two hundred thousand Souldiers which were in his Army Yet for all that he was inwardly chafed with the heat of youth and indignation against his own People as well as the Rhodians but moderated himself betwixt his own rage and the offence of his Souldiers and calling them together caused them to be disarmed not leaving among them so much as a Sword and compassing them in with fifteen thousand Harquebusiers whom he had brought with him well appointed he stept up into his Royal Seat there set on high for that purpose where sitting down he paused a good while without any word speaking as if he had considered with himself whether he should only punish the Authors of the Mutiny or else wih the punishment of many to revenge so foul a Sedition little differing from open Rebellion But following of himself the milder resolution he thought it sufficient to correct the multitude and common sort of Souldiers with sharp and bitter words and after general silence made brake out into this cholerick Speech Slaves quoth he for I cannot find in my heart to call you Souldiers What kind of men are you now become are you Turks Men wont both to fight and overcome Verily I see the Bodies Countenances Attire and Habit of my Souldiers but the Deeds Speeches Counsels and Devices of cowardly and vile Traitors Alas how hath my opinion deceived me that Turkish Force and Courage is gone the Valour and Strength both of Bodies and Minds wherewith the Arabians Persians Syrians Egyptians Servians Hungarians Bulgarians Epirotes Macedonians and Thracians were subdued is lost forgetting your Country your Oath the Command of your Captains your Obedience and all other Warlike Discipline you have against the Majesty of my Empire refused to fight like Cowards betaken your selves to flight for vain fear of death and danger not beseeming men of War. If any man should at home but have named the Rhodes in your Feasts amongst your pots in your assemblies and great meetings you could then with your Tongues brag to pull it down you had much ado to hold your Hands here when I would make proof of your force and courage it is nothing But you thought perhaps that the Rhodians so soon as they saw your Ensigns before their Gates would strait way yield themselves and their City into your Power Let all men cease so to say or think and believe me that know the truth This base and infamous Den which you see is full of most cruel Beasts whose madness you shall never tame without much labour and bloodshedpunc Yet shall we tame them for why nothing is so wild but at length it may be tamed which except I bring to pass I am fully resolved and have vowed unto my self Either here to die or spend my days And if ever I do or say otherwise let this my Head my Fleet mine Army and Empire be for ever accursed and unfortunate And so without further Speech desiring rather to be accounted of his Souldiers gentle than sevâ—â—â— he pardoned them all their former offences and swoâ—â— them all again to his obedience This mutiny so appâ—â—sed all thâ—â—gs were afterwards done with better success and gâ—â—ater care both of the Souldiers and Commanders First they planted in divers places twelve great Bomâ—ards wherewith they threw up Stones of huge weight into the Air which falling down into the City might break down the Houses and whatsoever else they lighted upon with the fall of one of these the Great Master was like to have been slain Howbeit this proved a device of more terror than danger for with two hundred such Shot were but ten men slain which thing amongst others Apella a traiterous Fugitive declared unto the Enemy with whom he had intelligence as he himself confessed being taken upon suspition and examined for which his Treason he was justly executed The force of the Battery was more feared wherein the Turks had planted forty great Pieces of Battery and amongst
of his Cowardise if he failed in the performance thereof promising him indeed his Sister in Mariage amongst other the glorious Rewards and Trophies of his Victory and threatning him with Death as a Punishment amongst the Griefs of his Dishonour But it came to pass that by the Cowardise of our men he came unto the effect of his desire as is aforesaid and took the City which promised unto him the glorious Triumph in Constantinople And under the sweet influence of this Planet he returned to Constantinople where he found all things in readiness for the satisfying of his Expectation and the Advancement of his Glory He is magnificently received of his Prince courteously saluted by all the Nobility and with greatest reverence possible honoured of the People And as he had happily discharged his Charge he found in like manner all things prepared and in readiness for the performance of the promise of the Grand Seignior his Lord and Master who had caused them to be in most sumptuous manner provided for the solemnizing of the Marriage and the contentment of the Bassa But nothing now wanting that he could have desired or wished more than the very solemnizing of the Marriage it self and that also every day of all men expected the Ianizaries and Spahi with the other Souldiers of the Court to the number of five and twenty thousand even upon the sudden when as no such thing was feared came and in Arms presented theâ—â—selves before the Divano or Tribunal holden 〈◊〉 the chief Administration of Justice in the Turks Palace the first four days in every week and having set Guards at the Court Gates the more safely to execute what they were before resolved upon proudly demanded to have Audience for certain of the Spahi and Ianizaries of whom they had made choice in the names of them all to deliver unto the great Bassaes their Grievances and the Causes of that their Assembly Who as soon as they were entered into the Divano before the Bassaes of whom the most couragious of them was not without fear as looking for nothing but for present death they at the first demanded to have Hassan Bassa delivered unto them Who thinking that his Head should have served for a Sacrifice to pacifie this their Fury as a man altogether dismayed wan and pale passed through this mutinous Multitude to have gone unto the great Sultan protesting of his own Innocency and calling upon his Prophet Mahomet to discover unto them the truth of all things But they after a thousand Injuries and Reproaches by them heaped upon him rudely demanded of him whence it proceeded that whilst he with a great part of the Forces of the Empire was busied in Hungary for the recovering of Alba-Regalis there was in the mean time no good order taken for the repressing of the Rebel in Asia who by sufferance was as they said now grown so proud as with Ensigns displayed to come within three or four days Journey of Constantinople the Imperial seat of the Othoman Emperours Whereunto he in so small fear answered That he for his part had done his Duty as well while he had the charge of the Army in Asia as now of late whilst he had the like charge against the Christians in Hungary as even the Enemies themselves could witness But seeing himself even ready to die he yet requested them That his guiltless Death might be unto the State in general profitable and in discharging of his Conscience to declare unto them the Causes of this Contempt and Neglect for the surpressing of the Asian Rebel which they were so desirous to know It proceeded as he said only from the evil Government of the Grand Sultans Mother who then all commanded and from the negligent carelesness of the Capi-Aga Which his speech although they with much impatience and storming gave ear unto yet hearing him so well to excuse himself and to lay the blame there where they were well content it should rest they gave him leave to go to the great Sultan to request him that they might speak with him and further to deal with him that they might have the Head of them who had been the cause of this dishonourable Service or otherwise cowardly behaved themselves in the managing of the Wars against the Rebels in Asia Threatning him withall That if he failed to perform this his charge he should not fail to feel the heavy Effects of their just Fury An heavy charge yet glad was the Bassa to undergo the same to rid himself out of their Hands where he saw himself in great danger amongst them most of whom had sometimes served under him than amongst so many his most mortal Enemies but what Remedy he must now so do or die therefore for which he was the more to be excused So in great fear coming unto the great Sultan almost as fearful as himself he shewed unto him the great danger like even presently to ensue by the Mutiny of his best Souldiers and Guarders of his Person perswading him betime to appease their Fury before they had embrued themselves with Blood for fear of further danger like enough to ensue as well unto his own Person as unto the rest of his most faithful and trusty Counsellor from such furious head-strong men up in tumult with their Arms in their Hands And although that a Prince ought not for the Greatness of his Estate to do any thing as thereunto forced by his Subjects lest in so doing he might breed in them a Contempt of himself and increase their Insolency that yet nevertheless in this Action being altogether extraordinary he was not to rest upon that point for that these mutinous Souldiers turned not their Weapons as they pretended against his Imperial Power and Soveraignty but rather to the contrary against the Contemners thereof seeking to be revenged upon them that had done him such evil Service for the maintenance of his Honour and Majesty and for the Punishment of the insolent and disloyal And that therefore the Justice of the Cause requiting and covering the Malice of the Fact he was of Opinion That it were best for him to yield a little unto the Zeal of these his best Souldiers and to satisfie their just desire although they had by very evil and unlawful means sought for the same And therefore advised his Majesty in some sort to satisfie the just Complaints of these men armed for the Revenge of his Honour and to chastise the chief Commanders of his Asian Forces such as by whose Treachery or Cowardise his Service being neglected had armed these men against them with the same hand punishing such as had wronged his Majesty in Honour and appeasing the discontented for the good of his Service Mahomet thus by the Bassa perswaded as also to shew himself in his Majesty unto these his discontented Subjects one part of their desire the Necessity of the Cause so requiring in his Imperial Seat presented himself unto
doing harm especially the Hungarians who were still running out even as far as the Emperours Camp and the new City of Prague Whom for all that the Emperours Souldiers being then twenty thousand strong would not meddle withal being so commanded by the Emperour Howbeit some of these Straglers going too far abroad into the Country were by the Country-men cut off and slain The three and twentieth day of May an Assembly of the States of Bohemia was called at Prague the Emperour himself being there present Adam Waldsteine carrying the drawn Sword before him In which Assembly the Nobility and States of the Country with one consent promised to spend their Goods and Lives in the Emperours quarrel yet in the mean time requesting these things following to be granted and confirmed unto them viz. That Religion according to the confession of Bohemia and Augusta should inviolately be kept and that they which professed the one should not therefore scoff or despise the other That Bohemians only should be preferred to Archbishopricks Abbotships and other spiritual Preferments That the Archbishop should not meddle with Civil and Political Affairs That Ecclesiastical Offices should be permitted unto the Protestant Ministers as in former time the Catholicks in the mean time holding that they had The Pontificial dispensation in causes of Matrimony according to the Decree of the Assembly holden in the Year 1602 should be abrogated and taken away That it should not be lawful for Priests and other Ecclesiastical Persons to buy Lands or Territories without the express consent of all the three States but to hold themselves contented with their Tyths and other their Revenues That it should be lawful for all men in their own Ground and Territories to build Churches for Religion on both sides That Protestants and Patrons of the University of Prague should be joyned to the Consistory as they were in the time of the Emperour Ferdinand That one should be chosen for Burgrave in this Assembly That chief political Offices should not be left void above a Month. That unto these political Offices men of both Religions should be admitted so that if the Burgrave were a Catholick the chief Judge should be a Protestant That every man should enjoy his Right and that no Decree should be published against the same neither that they which were of the Order of Knights should be rashly sued or bound to any arrest That one of the Bohemians should always be chosen into the secret Council and made acquainted with the Bohemian Affairs That every man might have access to the Emperour and not all things to be done by his Counsellors That it should be declared to all Men what was to be understood by the Crime of Treason That a difference should be made betwixt Offences and that no man should for any light Offence together with his Goods lose his Life and Reputation That the Suits of Widows Orphans and others also should with Expedition be dispatched and not from day to day deferred That from henceforth the Father should not be bound to pay the Sons debt which he was run into without his knowledge neither yet the Son himself That in political Offices Men should not be too much grieved with too heavie Exactions That Men sued should not be summoned but in good Terms and that such as were in any Reputation be bound unto any arrest without the hearing of their Cause and much less to be imprisoned That the Sword upon frowardness or madness taken out of the Church of Thine certain years before should be again set in the former place That Lawyers which pleaded mens Causes should be contented with such Fees as were by common Decrees appointed them And last of all to conclude they in any wise requested the Emperour that it would please him to ease the Nobility and States of Bohemia of these Griefs before they were compelled to answer unto such things as were to be propounded unto them on his behalf Who easily granted unto most of these Articles those which concerned Religion only excepted so that the Senators of the old Town of Prague obtained the desired Sword to be again forthwith set in the wonted Place But as for the business of Religion it was altogether put off and deferred unto the next Assembly to be holden at the Feast of St. Michael About the end of May the Arch-duke Matthias's Ambassadors having received saâ—e Conduct from the Emperour and the Nobility of the Kingdom of Bohemia came to Prague and being admitted into the Councel of the Nobility Charles Count Tiseratin to whom that charge was given having in the Archdukes Name first saluted the Nobility caused what he and the rest had in charge to be before them out of a long Writing in the Bohemian Tongue read which done when as the Nobility so requiring they were put aside and almost an hour after were called again they received Answer That the points of the Ambassage by them propounded were greater and of more weight than that sufficient Deliberation could thereof in so short a time be had and that therefore it was by the Nobility thought meet that Commissioners on both sides meeting together in the open Field near unto Debritse should there consult of these Articles and by the Consent of the Emperour and the Arch-duke to do what they might to end the matter Unto which Answer the Arch-dukes Ambassadors consenting the ninth of Iune returned again unto the Camp. The Emperours Ambassadors within two days after with forty Coaches and an hundred Horse following them unto the Place appointed who oftentimes going to and fro at length so wrought the matter on both sides that the Business quietly and friendly ended they were again made Friends The Articles of which Pacification and Agreement betwixt the Emperour and the Arch-duke were the seventeenth day of Iune in the Castle of Prague openly read in the Bohemian Tongue Lichtenstein Kintskie and other Chieftains the Arch-dukes Ambassadours being there present in order thus That the Emperour refused not but that the Crown of Hungary should be delivered into the Arch-duke Matthias's Hands and to yield unto him the Kingdom of Hungary and to remit unto his Subjects the Oath of their Allegeance before given unto him so that the Nobility and States of Hungary should chuse no other King but the Arch-duke That in the next Diet of the Empire he should propound unto the States of the Empire to be considered of what Contribution they ought to make unto the Archduke for the defence of their Frontiers if happily longer War were to be made with the Turk That he should cause the Writings which concerned that Kingdom of Hungary within the space of two Months to be delivered unto the Arch-duke That he should likewise also surrender up the Arch-dukedom of Austria by himself hitherto possessed unto the Arch-duke yet so as that the Arch-duke should take upon himself all the Emperours Debt as well in Hungary as in Austria
sent to survey the Country and to return with a relation of all matters but in the interim the design was altered for the Grand Signior having begun a Fabrick in which he had expended about eighty thousand Dollars at a small Village about nine or ten miles from Adrianople the place and novelty of the Building so well pleased him that he found in himself an inclination to pass the whole Summer there and becoming likewise enamoured of a young Lady in his Seraglio notwithstanding his former tenderness to his Queen and late aversion to all other Women he judged it was possible to divertise his time well in those parts and more to his contentment than in wild woods and uninhabited mountains Whereupon the intentions of Zegna were laid aside and nothing thought of but the rest and quietness of the Court for this year But because it was reported That the Czar of Muscovy made great Preparations for War it was judged necessary to command the Crim Tartar to be watchful of his motion by Land though the natural slothfulness of that people gave them no apprehension of their Arms for this year howsoever it being probable that they might prove more active and forward in the Black Sea than they were capable to do by Land by sending forth their small Boats down the Volga to take and pillage the Saiks and Vessels belonging to Constantinople and other parts the Captain-Pasha was ordered to pass into that Sea with thirty five or forty Sail of Gallies for defence of the Coast and for fortifying and repairing Asac and the Fortresses thereabouts but whilst these Preparations were making for the Euxine or Black Sea the other Seas were neglected and undefended for the Alexandrian Fleet consisting in all of eight Sail were encountred not far from Rhodes by some Maltese and Ligornese Corsaires the Ships of the Turks were most of them very great and potent Ships one of them was at least fifteen hundred Tuns and was capable to carry an hundred Guns the others of eight hundred or a thousand Tuns able to have resisted and overcome had they been well armed double the force that assaulted them but being now engaged with an Enemy though not so strong yet better experienced in marine Affairs than themselves they fought with them stoutly the first day but the next day six Gallies coming to the Christians assistance which had been harboured in some Port not far distant and led thither by the noise of the Cannon to which also a calm giving the greater advantage the Turks began to faint in their courage so that four Gallions and two Saiks yielded to mercy which was a Prize of so great value that it was supposed never to have been equalled since the time of Sultan Ibrahim when the loss of the grand Sultana and other Ships gave the first occasion of War with Venice This great Ship which was reported by those who saw her to be both longer and broader than the Soveraign carried only sixty Guns and was manned accordingly only with about an hundred Seamen and about two hundred more which were Land-men wholly unacquainted with the Sea or with Naval Fights the biggest Ship amongst the rest was belonging to the Queen-Mother and the others to the Grand Signior being freighted principally with Sugar Coffee Rice and other Provisions for the proper maintenance of their Courts which we may suppose will highly inflame these grand Personages with anger and disdain when they reflect on their own proper losses which touch them so nearly as their peculiar Goods and the Furniture of their Kitchins The Turkish Court now angered with this loss was more moved in the midst of May when a Messenger from Poland arrived with Letters from the Grand Chancellour declaring with modest terms That their Kingdom was unable or unwilling for many respects to pay the promised Tribute so that if they did not judge fit to wave or lay aside those pretensions they should be forced to take up Arms in defence of their Honour Safety and Priviledge of their Dominions The Turks surprised with this unexpected Message too late perceived the errour of the last years proceedings which were carried on with a clemency and confidence not agreeable to the disposition and humor of such an Enemy as is unacquainâ—ed with servitude and so far from being able to support a Foreign Yoke that they cannot endure subjection to their own Civil Government every Nobleman of which there are many in Poland being ambitious to be a Prince judges himself better than his elected King. Hence proceeded all those dissentions which laid them open to the late invasion of their powerful Enemy the apprehension of whom having obducted for a while those sores of Faction which festered amongst them and that principle of self-conservation which by a forcible nature inclined them to Union at length armed them with a resolution to avenge the Liberties of their Country and assured them of the Truth of that Saying That a Kingdom divided against it self cannot stand The Turks now wished that they had either made a true use of their Victory and the opportune Conjuncture of the last years Affairs to have setled and secured their Conquests or that they had never begun the War for now finding themselves engaged in it they were in honour obliged to proceed and lose the fair opportunity which presented to make their advantage in Hungary to which place they had been and were still invited by the Rebles of that Country who to revenge the Cause of Serini Nadasâ—i and some other Discontents and Aggrievances of which they complained and to defend the Protestant Religion in which by the zeal of some Churchmen they were disturbed resolved to abandon their Allegiance to their natural Prince and rather seek a protection for their Estates and allowance for their Religion under the Turks than remain beholding for either to a prevailing party at the Imperial Court. The chief Authours of this Rebellion were Petrozy Sepesi Tende Gabor Sutrey and other principal persons amongst the Hungarians who having on their own strength opposed themselves against the Emperour the last year were defeated in divers engagements and at length reduced to a very low and miserable condition Wherefore they renew again their Petitions and Presents to the Sultan sent by their Agents about the beginning of this Month of April begging his assistance and protection representing the easiness of the Conquest and how large a Gate they were able to open to his Armies and make a plain way for him into the most fertile and opulent Countries of the World of which he seemed already half possessed by reason of those Discontents and Factions that were amongst them The Turks though well satisfied of the reasonableness of the design yet being engaged in honour against Poland knew not how to retract and therefore dispatched away the Messengers for the present with fair hopes and secret promises well treated in private though they received
the commandment of his Brother Selymus strangled 542 b. Achomates the great Bassa appeaseth the Souldiers up in Arms for the unworthy death of Mustapha 516 a. his miserable end 517 a. Achmat the great Sultan crowned 837 b his disposition 839 a. sick of the small pox 845 a. contemneth good counsel ib. b. his first son born 857 b. seeketh in vain to make peace with the Persian 881 a. makes Gambolat General of his Army into Asia and suddenly commandeth him to be slain 897 a. his extreme severity 905 b. beats his Sultana 907 b. in danger to be slain by a Deruice 908 a. cometh in state to Constantinople 912 a. admonisheth the Transilvanians to obey Gabor 920 b. commands all the Christians to be slain 933 b. entertains four Armies 942 b. his death and disposition 943 b. Adom Castle abandoned by the Haiducks 820 b. Agria in vain besieged by the Turks 511 b yielded unto Mahomet the Third 767 a. Aladin the son of Kei-Husreu of the Selzuccian Family driven out of Persia seiseth upon Cilicia 54 a. Aladin his Modesty about the division of his Father Othomans Inheritance and Goods with his Brother Orchanes 125 a. Aladin the Caramanian King hanged 144 a. Aladin Amurath's eldest Son slain with a fall from his Horse 197 a. Alba-Regalis yielded to King Ferdinand 472 b. besieged by Solyman 500 a b. the lake and ditches with incredible labor filled up by the Turks ib. b. the suburbs won ib. b. the miserable slaughter of the Christians in their â—light 501 a. yielded unto Solyman 501 b. besieged by Duke Mercurie 793 a. the suburbs of the City surprised by Lord Russworm ib. b. the City taken by the Christians ib. b. besieged by the Turks 799 b. terribly assaulted 800 a. won by the Turks ib. b. Alba-Regalis the suburbs by the Christians sacked and burnt 820 a. Aladeules his Kingdom 353 a. the battel betwixt him and Selymus ib. b. he flyeth into the Mountains ib. b. taken by Sinan Bassa and brought to Selymus is put to death 354 a. his head sent to Venice for a present and his Kingdom brought into the form of a Province ib. a. Albuchomar discovereth unto Selymus the power of Tomombeius and the treason intented by them of Caire 372 a. Aleppo in Syria betrayed and taken from the Christians by Saladin Sultan of Damasco 43 a. by the Tartars taken from the Turks and by them sacked and rased 79 b. by Cayerbeius the Traitor delivered to Selymus 361 a. Alessandro the Georgian submitteth himself unto Mustapha 660 b. Alexius the great President of Constantinople committed to Prison 32 b. his Eyes put out by the commandment of Andronicus ib. b. Alexius Comnenus otherwise called Prophyrogenitus succeedeth his Father Emanuel in the Empire 30 b. by the practice of Andronicus is deprived of his Empire and strangled 35 b. Alexius the young Prince craveth Aid of Philip the Emperour and the Latine Princes against his Vncle the Vsurper 54 a. cometh to the Army of the Christian Princes going towards the Holy Land 55 a. arriveth with a great fleet of the Latins before Constantinople ib. b. taketh land and after a hot skirmish forceth the old Tyrant Alexius to â—lie out of the City ib. b. seeketh to bring the Latins again into the City 56 b is betrayed and strangled by Murzufle 57 a. Alexius Philantropenus by Andronicus the Emperour made Governour of the frontiers of his Empire in Asia against the Turks 103 a aspireth ib. b. betrayed hath his Eyes put out ib. b. Alexius Strategopulus with a small power sent into Graecia by the Emperour Michael Palaeologus by the treason of two Greeks taketh the City of Constantinople from the Latins 80 b. 81 a. Alexander proclaimed Prince of Moldavia 930 a. sendeth Ambassadors to Sultan Achmat ib. a. another to Prince Michna 931 a a third to Bethlem Gabor ib. b. 800 of his Souldiers slain by their hosts for their Insolency 932 b. he receiveth new Aids some whereof are defeated 932 b. 933 a. treacherously forsaken by his General 936 b he and his confederates invironed by the Turks Army 937 b. taken Prisoner and carried to Constantinople 938 b. Algiers described 486 a. in vain besieged by Charles the Emperour ib. a. Aliculi Chan taken 668 a. in hope of liberty conducted Hassan Bassa through the straight passages of Georgia ib. b. cast in prison at Erzirum ib. b. escapeth from Ferat 685 b. by the Persian King to the great discontentment of the Turcomans made Governour of Tauris 686 a. killeth the Bassa of Maras and doth the Turks great harm and so flieth from Tauris 698 b. conspireth with Abas Mirize against the Persian Prince 704 a. being by the Prince sent against the Turks performeth nothing 705 a. Alis Bassa with a great Army overthrown by Scanderbeg 196 b. Alis Bassa sent by Bajazet with an Army ouâ— of Europe against Techellis slain 323 a. Alis Beg and his four Sons treacherously slain by Ferat Bassa 404 b. Alis Bassa of Buda by the commandment of Amurath strangled 706 b. Alis Beg Governour of Strigonium coming down into the lower Town is there stayed by the Ianizaries 748 a. his resolute answer unto the Message sent him from the Lord Palfi 750 a. slain with a great shot 757 a. Almericus Earl of Joppa after the death of his Brother Baldwin chosen the sixth King of Jerusalem 39 a. with a puissant Army entereth Egypt and in plain battel overthroweth Dargan the Sultan ib. a aideth Sanar the Sultan against Saracon Noradins General whom he overthroweth in Egypt ib. b. taketh Alexandria 40 a. winneth Pelusium ib a. dieth 41 a. b. Aloysius Grittus the Duke of Venice's Son sent by Solyman as his Lieutenant into Hungary to oversee King John 426 a. contemned by Americus causeth him to be murthered 427 b. besieged by the Transilvanians 428 a. taken and beheaded ib. b. the great Riches found about him ib. b. Alphonsus King of Naples sendeth aid unto Scanderbeg 252 a. with Alexander Bishop of Rome craveth aid of Bajazet the Turk against Charles the French King 307 a. Alphonsus resigneth his Kingdom of Naples unto his Son Ferdinand 309 a. Alphonsus Daualus Vastius Lieutenant-General of the Emperour's Land-forces in his Expedition for Tunes 441 a. his Speech unto the Spanish Captains 443 b. commandeth the Emperour 448 a. with Hannbaldus sent Ambassadors from the Emperour and the French King to the State of Venice for a confederation betwixt that State and them to be made against Solyman 468 a. his Oration in the Venetian Senate the Answer of the Duke the Senators diversly affected towards the Confederation 466 b. Alteration of Religion in the Greek Church the cause of great troubles 100 b. Althems Regiment in mutiny 841 a. Altensol yielded to the Hungarian Rebels 873 a. Amesa with his Turks overthrown and taken prisoner by Scanderbeg 249 a. Amesa employed by his Vncle Scanderbeg for the recovery of Croia out of the hands of the Turks 183 b
to death to the number of Sixty which the Polanders had taken in the late Battle together with Lieutenant Colonels Majors and Captains which occasioned great Desturbances and Murmurings in the Imperial Army And at Vienna this Conduct of Kops was highly blam'd and Orders sent him never more to exercise the like unhumane Practices for that many Officers of good Note and Reputation had absolutely refused to serve the Emperor in a War where no Quarter was to be expected About this time Smith with his shatter'd Troops joyn'd with General Kops near to Butrack two Leagues from whence the Malecontents were Encamped and Reinforc'd by 2000 Transilvanians conducted thither by Count Tekeli who after the death of his Father as before mention'd had served Prince Apafi in the nature of his Secretary or one who had a chief hand in the management of his Affairs and now making this first entrance on the Stage we shall have occasion to mention him often hereafter being the Person who is to make the greatest Figure in this following History and to prove the most active General after the destruction of many before him and after various Successes of good and bad Fortune and Honours and Disgraces received from the Turks we shall find him still Boyant and above Water even at the last extremity when the Turks themselves were beaten out of all Hungary The Imperial Army having been much diminish'd in numbers by the Sword and Sickness was again in part recruited by some Additional Forces under the Command of Count Warbenoren and by 600 Men out of a Regiment in Silesia Howsoever such was the Misfortunes of those Times and the inauspicious Stars which then reign'd that the Imperialists were worsted in all Fights and Skirmishes to the destruction almost of their whole Army Whilest the Forces of the Malecontents increased double to the numbers of the Emperors Army And the Turks still forwarded these Mischiefs by their frequent Incursions from Buda Newhawsel and all their Garrisons which was a Course and Practice which this Faithless People used to make War without declaring it ANNO 1678. The Emperor being sensible of his own weak and decaying Condition and of the Strength and increasing Power of his mighty Enemies labour'd to cure and remedy the imminent evils and dangers by Treaties which could not be done by Arms And in order thereunto he offer'd three Churches to the Malecontents in the Upper Hungary with other Propositions more large and extensive than formerly And Hoffman the principal Secretay of State and War was sent to the Grand Seignior to make Complaints of the Succours which the Pashas of Hungary daily afforded to his Rebellious Subjects But neither the one nor the other of these Negotiations had the success desired For the Malecontents were so far from hearkening to any Accommodation with their Sovereign Prince that they were contriving the manner how they might absolutely throw off his Authority and acquit themselves of their Allegiance And to that end they proposed to Elect a King of their own Nation and many cast their Eyes upon a certain Count who was of the House and Family of Frangipani But the different Interests and variety of Opinions obstructed the Election so that nothing was agrreed or concluded in that affair Nor could much more be expected from the Negotiations of Hoffman at Constanstinople for the Vizier was so extravagant in his Demands and so unreasonable in his Proposals that it plainly appear'd how far he was from any intentions of renewing the Peace or any other designs than that of War. Only by force of the rich Presents which Hoffman brought he prevailed with the Vizier to strangle the Pasha of Waradin Howsoever things ran not so smoothly in Transilvania nor with the Malecontents but that they met with other difficulties and Enemies besides the Emperor For a certain Person a Boyar of that Country named Pedipol being ambitious of Government offer'd Money to the Grand Vizier for the Principality of Transilvania alledging that Apafi had Ruled there much beyond the time of other Princes The Vizier whose business was Gain enter'd into a Treaty with Pedipol made the bargain took his Money and sold him the Principality and procur'd the Grand Seigniors Hattesheriff or Royal Signature to constitute him Prince and to divest or depose Apafi When Pedipol came with this Authority to take Possession of the Government the People refused to receive him and Apafi to Surrender Whereupon Pedipol with his Party endeavoured to make good his Title and Establishment by Force of Arms. The Vizier upon the news hereof to prevent those Divisions dispatched an Officer into Transilvania to decide the Difference by taking off the Head of that Person who should be found disobedient and averse to the Grand Seignior's Commands But before this Order could arrive the dispute was determin'd by the Fortune of War for the Malecontents being sensible of the Obligations they had to Apafi and of what concernment his continuance in that Station would prove to them offered him all the aid and assistance they were able to which the Poles likewise joyning their Forces over-threw Pedipol in the Field and caused him with some of his Adherents to Fly into Valachia Where raising new Forces he marched again towards Transilvania with intention to make a second Attempt But being met in his way by the Pasha of Waradin he was commanded by him in the Grand Seigniors name to quit his Pretentions to the Principality and to content himself in a private Condition For the Vizier having got his Money little cared what became of Pedipol whether he were a Prince or Paisant only he thought it necessary at that time to conserve Peace between the Friends and Allies to the Port which was more easily done by supporting the interest of Apafi who was old and experienced in that Government rather than by setting up Pedipol whose Circumstances were very disagreeable both to the Transilvanians and the Malecontents Howsoever these differences contributed little to better the Condition of the Emperor who of late had been worsted in all the Conflicts and Engagements against the Enemy As for Instance a Party of Five hundred Horse under the Command of Azos Benas being advanc'd as far as Erlaw belonging to the Lands and Demesnes of Count Tekeli were assail'd by the Turks and their whole Body defeated and cut in pieces Another Party also consisting of two hundred Men Commanded by Colonel Wolping were overthrown by a Detachment of Turks belonging to Newhawsel These ill Successes in War inclin'd the States of Hungary then Assembled at Oedembourg to consent that all the Churches taken from the Protestants should with many other advantageous Propositions be consigned and granted to them And another Assembly at Altembourg did represent unto the Emperor that the Change made in the Government of Hungary was the cause of all the late Troubles and Wars in that Kingdom to appease which they
Sixthly Every body knows that by Vertue of the 25 th Article not only a free return and stay in the Kingdom is granted to the Banisht Ministers and School-masters but also a free exercise of their Religion and Profession and by Vertue of the following 26 th Article it is Order'd That amongst the imperial and free Cities of Upper Hungary Cassovia and Epperies shall be appointed and establish'd places for the publick and free exercise of the Protestant Religion and that hereafter no Subject shall be disturb'd in the free exercise of his Religion under the pain expressed in the 8 th Article of the 6 th Decree of Uladislaus Nevertheless the Magistrate of Epperies on the very Festival Day of St. Bartholomew the Apostle in the Year 1688 last past dar'd deprice the Protestant Church of Epperies establish'd by the Articles of their Ministers and with great dishonour expel all the Protestant Ministers of the three Nations out of the said City and its Territory without letting them know any cause of so injust an usage or shewing them any Warrant of His most Sacred Majesty for it pretending only an unheard of Title of Lord of the Manor which cannot be admitted among Civilians since they enjoy equaly with the Magistrate the common civil Liberty nor amongst Clergy Men who enjoy a special Liberty nor can it in any wise be taken by Magistrate whose Office is but for a year to the great diminishing of His most Sacred Majesty's Authority and the Contempt of the before mentioned Articles Wherefore they humbly beg that the innocent and unjustly Banish'd Protestant Ministers of Epperies be restor'd and may perform as before their Ecclesiastical Duties and that both the Protestant Ministers of Cassovia and those of Epperies employ'd either in Preaching or in Teaching Schools present or to come being always presented by the right Patrons may live quietly and safely in their own or hir'd dwelling places which they have or shall have within the Walls of the said Cities Seventhly No body that knows the Law will deny but in the beginning of the aforesaid 41 st Article of the Diet of Sopron where the Common Liberties and Privileges of the imperial and free Cities are confirm'd and besides the there mention'd Laws and Articles of the Kingdom made in several places are renewed it is expresly ordain'd That the same Laws and Articles be strictly observed both by the Chambers and the Officers of the Army and by any other person whatsoever so that they viz. the same imperial and free Cities be no way disturbed by any one in their free right to chuse a Civil Magistrate nor in any other Privilege Nevertheless the modern Magistrate of the said Cities against the Prohibition contain'd in the 83 th Article of the Illustrious Chamber of Scepusium in the year 1647 out of meer private hatred against our Religion was pleased to take upon him such a Power as to degrade and turn out of their publick Dignities and Civil Employments all the Senators of Cassovia and Epperies and several other Protestant Officers well deserving and qualified for publick Offices and Civil Dignities against the evident Constitution of the aforesaid Article and of those that are cited in it but especially of the 13 th before the Coronation in the year 1608 of the 44 th in the year 1609 and of the 12 th in the year 1649 to the most evident prejudice of the Common Liberties and Civil Privileges and to the considerable oppression of the Protestant Citizens and in the room of the said Senators and Protestant Officers the said Magistrate has put Catholick Citizens either less fit or wholly unacquainted with the Affairs of the said Cities and more minding their private concerns to the damnifying and even undoing of the said Cities Wherefore we require with the deepest Humility First That the free right of chusing the Civil Magistrate and other Officers which hitherto has been so disturbed and wholly taken away from the Protestants against the positive Laws of the Kingdom made in the Illustrious Chamber of Scepusium belonging properly and only to the Sworn Citizens of the same Cities and as well to the Protestants as to the Catholicks be restor'd and maintain'd in its former State and in no wise any more disturbed by any one under the pain mention'd in the renewed and aforesaid Articles Secondly That in order to maintain a Civil mutual Union and put out any Fewel of Division and Hatred a free Election be made of the same Magistrate and other Officers out of the well deserving and well qualified Sworn Citizens without any difference of the Catholick and Protestant Religion and that the Employments and any Civil Dignities whatsoever be indifferently and equally conferr'd and bestowed so that the Catholicks and Protestants promote mutually one another to publick civil Honours according to the intention of the aforesaid 13 th Article of the year 1608 before the Coronation and of the 44 th of the year 1609. Thirdly That in order to observe a just equality of Turns and procure the publick good of the Cities it be graciously granted that the Offices of Judged and Tribune be by Turns and promiscuously exercised for a year according to the intention of the aforesaid Articles and of the 12 th in the year 1649. All the Protestant Citizens and Inhabitants of the three Nations of the Free and Imperial Cities Cassovia and Epperies The Grievance of the Protestants of the Free and Imperial City of Carpona IT is not without a great deal of Grief that all the Noblemen and Gentlemen all the Auxiliary Forces and hired Soldiers of both sorts and all the Protestant Inhabitants and Citizens of Carpona think it their Duty to Represent to Your most Sacred Majesty that altho' according to Your most Sacred Majesty's Resolution inserted in the 26 th Article of the Diet of Sopron Anno 1681. Among the places of the Kingdom which were to be appointed for the Building of new Churches and Schools and Erecting Parishes for the conveniency of those of the Helvetian Confession and of that of Ausbourg the same City of Carpona is particularly named and established to be one of the places where the free exercise of Religion should entirely and quietly be enjoyed as it may be seen in these words In the Division before the Mountains at Leva Carpona and Tulekin Nevertheless Your Majesty's High Commissioners appointed in the year 1688 last past in the Mountain Cities being come to that of Carpona whereas according to the intention of the aforesaid Article and of Your Majesty's Gracious Resolution and Declaration contain'd in it instead of the convenient Churches and Schools and Parishes which were from the Protestants of the Confession of Ausbourg they should have appointed other convenient and fit places and left the Protestants in the quiet Possession of them according to the intention of the 19 th Article in the year 1647 did on the contrary turn the Protestant Ministers and School-masters out of
vented an abundance of Reproaches against the French Nation only the Grand Vizier using his accustomed Patience said That Iustice could never do Injury to any for that their Law and the Alchoran commanded it so to be done And in this manner this Difference passed over with some Advantage to the French who had obliged so great a Person as the Iew who is the Negotiator of all the Affairs of Egypt to leave his Employment to attend the Summons of the French Ambassador at such a distance as it is from Gran Cairo to Adrianople Howsoever after all this the French Nation did not seem to be fully satisfied because that the Vizier after all shewed some Respect to the Iew bestowing upon him a Coftan or Vest of Favour and Honour declaring himself in favour of the Iew that he had been falsely accused and injuriously drawn away from the Grand Seignior's Service To repair which Affront and Neglect to the King of France a Demand was made by the Ambassador That License might be given to Repair and Rebuild the Cathedral Church in Galata which had for above 500 Years remained in the Christian Hands and lastly had been Repaired and Rebuilt at the Charges of the Most Serene Republick of Venice soon after the last War which they had with the Turks in Candia but now the French depending on the great Services they had done the Turks seized on the Church which had been the Cathedral of that Diocese and affixed the Arms of France upon the Gates thereof at which the Venetians being greatly offended who were the Patrons thereof and had many Years past purchased the Advowson from the Turks made their Complaints to the Grand Vizier of the Injustice which had been done them Upon which the Vizier resolving to end the Controversie between the Christians seized the Church of Saint Francis or Francisco in Galata and Converted it into a Turkish Mosch and in such like manner commonly end all the Controversies which Christians have between themselves that are referred to or to be termined by the Turks The Ceremony which the Turks used in turning the Christian Church into a Mosch was by a Command from the Sultan to the Chimacam to enter the Church with 200 Men of his Followers together with a good Number of their Imaums who began at their first Entry into the Church to sing with a loud Voice the Tune and Song called Sele which is a Hymn extracted out of the Alcoran to the Praise and Glory of God the which caused great Sadness in the Hearts and Eyes of many good Christians in Galata which had not been done as many Turks confess had not the French pretended a Right to that Church with which they in a short time were forced to swallow two very bitter Pills to the Dishonour of France and Prejudice to the Chrâ—stian Cause Towards the end of the Month of March the Sultan equipped out seven great Men of War of 50 and 60 Pieces of Cannon each and all armed with 500 Levents or so many Sea-Soldiers a piece besides which there were 14 light Gallies with 25 Frigats and all accompanied with divers Saiches laden with Provisions every one of which will carry as much as 200 Carts which are laden with Biskets Meal and all sorts of other Ammunition Whilst these things were in Action the French Ambassador Monsieur de Chateaneuf offered this Summer to make his Campaign with the Grand Seignior in Hungary against the Emperor with which the Turks were well enough pleased in regard they esteemed this Ambassador to be a Man of great Wisdom and Experience Tekely likewise about this time was preparing himself to accompany the Vizier to the War in Hungary the which some were of an Opinion That it would be of good consequence to the Sultan upon which account the Vizier conceived a great esteem for him and was desirous to see the good Effects of all those Promises which Tekely's Princess had made to him This Lady of Tekely went unto and returned from Adrianople and was observed to be of an Humour very Assiduous Diligent and Malitious against the Imperiallists but very kind and obliging towards the French but most especially to Monsieur de Laurent who the last Year was with the Sultan in the Campaign of Hungary and was often invited by Tekely's Lady and by Count Tekely himself to take a Dinner or a Supper or some other Repast with them at which Monsieur de Laurent was often welcomed and highly Treated A Friend of mine once acquainted me That having a Curiosity to see the Wife or Princess of Tekely he had the Fortune to hear Mass with her at the Capuchin's Church at Galata where well observing her Physiognomy it appeared very Ill-favour'd Old and Ugly She professes to be a Roman Catholick of which she boasts to many People and that her Husband hath divers Correspondents almost in every Regiment belonging to the Imperial Army from whom he hath all the Correspondencies imaginable with the Principal Commanders both of Horse and Foot by means of which nothing passes but what he hath a good and perfect Account of from all parts of the Imperial Army The Army which was formed and drawn up against the Moscovites consisted for the most part of Spahee's from Anatolia and of a sort of a Militia of Pascialagio belonging to Silistra of which they reckoned about 35000 Men besides Tartars The Reputation of this present Sultan was so great that in all Parts both of Asia Africa and Europe he was esteemed the most Fortunate of all the Sultans for that in the space of two Years only appearing in the Wars he had showed so much Courage and good Conduct that he had always beaten the Germans that is to say when he went himself in Person to the Wars for which cause he was highly Esteemed Honoured and Obeyed But as to the Rebels in Asia they drew themselves up very formidably in the Field expecting to encounter the Army of the Port and to give them Battel The great Power and Nerve of the Ottoman Force is at present in Asia that of the Turk-men who are a sort of People well mounted on very strong and Warlike Horses Brave and Valiant and well Exercised in the Lance and Bow so that there was great expectation when some Feats of Arms would begin And on the other side of Aâ—atolia they began to Transport over their Militia being designed early this Year against the Moscovites after which the Actions in Hungary were to begin But before that something may be discoursed in relation to the present State of the Greek Church the Patriarch of which was very Froward and Passionate ready to act any thing which came into his Head without consideration of the Prejudice which might result thereby And accordingly having a Quarrel with the Metropolite or Bishop of Salonica he deprived him of his Title and Office on occasion of some Disobedience to certain Commands to which the Patriarch