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cause_n church_n king_n law_n 3,272 5 4.8232 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A52184 The liturgical-discourse of the holy sacrifice of the masse by omission of controversial questions; abridged and accommodated to the pious use of devout Christians in hearing masse, by A.F. the authour of the same at the instance of some devout friends. Angelus à Sancto Francisco, 1601-1678. 1675 (1675) Wing M938; ESTC R217659 145,436 447

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mourn_v mix_v with_o groan_n and_o sigh_n most_o suitable_a to_o the_o time_n of_o penance_n and_o therefore_o be_v well_o say_v to_o be_v the_o tear_n of_o the_o church_n represent_v to_o we_o the_o mournful_a voice_n of_o sorrow_n and_o lamentation_n due_a for_o our_o sin_n and_o iniquity_n it_o may_v also_o signify_v the_o desire_n of_o the_o devout_a soul_n lie_v and_o sigh_v after_o the_o eternal_a joy_n q._n what_o be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v prose_n or_o sequence_n a._n the_o prose_n or_o sequence_n be_v sometime_o add_v to_o the_o gradual_a as_o a_o continuance_n of_o the_o precedent_a joy_n or_o praise_v the_o church_n use_v three_o and_o those_o be_v on_o the_o octave_n of_o easter_n and_o whitsuntide_n and_o on_o corpus_fw-la christi_fw-la day_n which_o two_o first_o be_v ancient_a but_o the_o three_o be_v make_v by_o st._n thomas_n of_o aquine_n sometime_o to_o the_o tract_n and_o that_o only_a in_o the_o mass_n for_o the_o dead_a which_o as_o the_o tract_n be_v dolorous_a and_o mournful_a be_v also_o conformable_a in_o some_o place_n or_o religious_a order_n there_o be_v more_o particular_o in_o france_n who_o king_n robert_n out_o of_o his_o piety_n do_v compose_v many_o which_o afterward_o be_v use_v in_o many_o church_n of_o france_n and_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o missal_n print_v there_o our_o de-burgo_a will_v have_v it_o to_o signify_v the_o gentile_n who_o be_v first_o reject_v from_o god_n people_n and_o afterward_o have_v good_a cause_n of_o joy_n and_o exultation_n when_o they_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o grace_n of_o the_o evangelical_n law_n it_o come_v proper_o in_o this_o place_n as_o a_o preparation_n to_o the_o gospel_n which_o immediate_o follow_v in_o all_o these_o we_o have_v abundant_a matter_n to_o employ_v our_o mind_n during_o the_o time_n that_o the_o priest_n say_v those_o gradual_a tract_n or_o sequence_n for_o in_o they_o we_o may_v consider_v the_o great_a providence_n and_o care_v our_o god_n have_v and_o 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present_a he_o himself_o be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o holy_a action_n and_o here_o he_o give_v the_o same_o which_o he_o give_v then_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n but_o in_o the_o visibility_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o invisibility_n in_o the_o other_o faith_n which_o ought_v to_o command_v and_o rule_v both_o sense_n and_o reason_n tell_v we_o it_o be_v so_o good_a god_n how_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o any_o christian_n can_v neglect_v to_o correspond_v in_o some_o way_n to_o this_o great_a love_n which_o be_v actual_o every_o where_n offer_v and_o present_v unto_o we_o in_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o mass_n he_o come_v daily_o to_o seek_v we_o and_o shall_v we_o think_v much_o to_o go_v to_o he_o daily_o q._n my_o soul_n be_v much_o comfort_v in_o what_o you_o have_v say_v and_o i_o will_v endeavour_v to_o apply_v my_o mind_n to_o this_o consideration_n henceforward_o but_o if_o you_o please_v have_v we_o no_o other_o cause_n of_o devotion_n a._n we_o read_v in_o the_o evangelist_n that_o many_o woman_n do_v follow_v jesus_n to_o see_v his_o passion_n and_o all_o his_o acquaintance_n stand_v by_o his_o mother_n and_o two_o maryes_fw-mi and_o st._n john_n out_o of_o their_o tender_a love_n to_o their_o master_n our_o faith_n also_o teach_v that_o this_o holy_a sacrifice_n be_v a_o renew_n of_o christ_n passion_n in_o our_o memory_n nay_o as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o be_v make_v in_o the_o remembrance_n of_o christ_n death_n and_o passion_n shall_v then_o our_o sense_n be_v more_o prevalent_a than_o our_o understanding_n enlighten_v by_o faith_n which_o teach_v we_o that_o the_o mass_n be_v a_o continuation_n of_o the_o same_o
more_o especial_o shine_v st._n martin_n do_v behave_v himself_o in_o the_o church_n with_o so_o great_a reverence_n and_o devotion_n that_o he_o be_v never_o see_v to_o sit_v there_o but_o always_o to_o kneel_v or_o stand_v with_o tremble_v and_o pale_a fear_n be_v demand_v the_o cause_n thereof_o he_o answer_v shall_v i_o not_o fear_v and_o tremble_v know_v that_o i_o stand_v before_o god_n st._n gregory_n nazianzen_n relate_v of_o his_o mother_n that_o her_o veneration_n to_o the_o church_n be_v so_o great_a that_o her_o voice_n be_v never_o hear_v therein_o but_o in_o silence_n she_o honour_v the_o holy_a mystery_n and_o that_o she_o never_o turn_v she_o back_o to_o the_o altar_n nor_o ever_o spit_v in_o those_o divine_a place_n q._n what_o say_v the_o holy_a father_n of_o this_o a._n i_o will_v only_o cite_v some_o few_o devout_a st._n bernardine_n first_o occur_v who_o in_o one_o of_o his_o sermon_n say_v let_v our_o entry_n into_o the_o church_n be_v humble_a and_o devout_a let_v our_o abode_n in_o they_o be_v quiet_a and_o acceptable_a before_o god_n please_v to_o the_o beholder_n which_o may_v not_o only_o edify_v the_o stander_n by_o but_o also_o encourage_v they_o let_v we_o attend_v in_o those_o place_n to_o the_o sacred_a solemnity_n with_o intent_n affection_n and_o insist_v in_o devout_a prayer_n let_v all_o vain_a thing_n cease_v much_o more_o filthy_a and_o profane_a a_o way_n with_o all_o talk_n and_o confabulation_n woe_n woe_n to_o the_o impudence_n of_o man_n for_o they_o be_v confound_v with_o great_a shame_n before_o man_n than_o before_o god_n for_o we_o be_v bold_a to_o do_v many_o thing_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o god_n which_o we_o will_v be_v ashamed_a to_o do_v before_o man_n this_o he_o learn_v of_o his_o and_o our_o seraphical_a father_n st._n francis_n who_o word_n be_v it_o be_v a_o great_a misery_n and_o miserable_a infirmity_n that_o we_o shall_v regard_v any_o thing_n in_o this_o world_n when_o we_o have_v god_n so_o present_a the_o whole_a man_n may_v dread_v the_o world_n tremble_v and_o heaven_n rejoice_v when_o christ_n the_o son_n of_o the_o live_a god_n be_v on_o the_o altar_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o priest_n o_o admirable_a altitude_n o_o stupendous_a favour_n o_o humble_a sublinity_n the_o lord_n our_o god_n and_o the_o son_n of_o god_n so_o humble_v himself_o that_o for_o our_o salvation_n he_o hide_v himself_o under_o the_o little_a form_n of_o bread_n behold_v o_o brethren_n god_n humility_n and_o pour_v forth_o your_o heart_n before_o he_o and_o be_v you_o humble_v that_o so_o you_o may_v be_v exalt_v by_o he_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n which_o among_o other_o st._n augustine_n give_v nothing_o at_o all_o aught_o to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o oratory_n chapel_n or_o church_n beside_o the_o worship_n of_o prayer_n or_o sing_v that_o our_o work_n and_o mind_n continual_o employ_v may_v be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o name_n of_o oratory_n or_o place_n of_o prayer_n i_o will_v conclude_v with_o the_o word_n of_o st._n nilus_n who_o with_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n in_o his_o liturgy_n and_o st._n chrysostome_n very_o frequent_o st._n ambrose_n and_o st._n cyril_n affirm_v that_o the_o angel_n be_v there_o present_a with_o fear_n and_o tremble_a he_o conclude_v i_o write_v these_o thing_n that_o understanding_n of_o what_o dread_n the_o divine_a majesty_n be_v you_o do_v not_o remissly_a neglect_n the_o fear_n of_o our_o lord_n nor_o permit_v any_o other_o to_o talk_v or_o mutter_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o oblation_n that_o be_v the_o mass_n nor_o rash_o harken_v or_o be_v move_v from_o become_a gravity_n or_o to_o go_v up_o and_o down_o with_o idle_a and_o divide_a divagation_n of_o intention_n q._n be_v it_o necessary_a to_o have_v a_o intention_n to_o hear_v mass_n a._n there_o be_v some_o who_o go_v to_o hear_v mass_n follow_v their_o fancy_n with_o little_a or_o nothing_o of_o a_o rational_a action_n for_o they_o little_o consider_v why_o wherefore_o or_o for_o what_o end_n they_o come_v to_o mass_n but_o do_v as_o they_o see_v other_o do_v or_o like_o sheep_n one_o follow_v the_o other_o or_o out_o of_o custom_n no_o way_n reflect_v on_o the_o spiritual_a operation_n necessary_a to_o such_o spiritual_a and_o supernatural_a mystery_n whereas_o man_n who_o be_v rational_a aught_o to_o work_v rational_o with_o reason_n and_o prudence_n and_o first_o propound_v the_o true_a end_n of_o what_o he_o be_v to_o do_v direct_v his_o intention_n thereto_o and_o then_o to_o consider_v proportionate_a mean_n to_o attain_v that_o end_n and_o according_o to_o frame_v his_o action_n the_o first_o thing_n therefore_o require_v be_v intention_n from_o whence_o all_o humane_a action_n have_v their_o value_n or_o worth_n or_o the_o contrary_n the_o intention_n therefore_o lead_v and_o govern_v the_o mind_n and_o understanding_n whence_o st._n anthony_n of_o milan_n say_v well_o the_o intention_n illuminate_v the_o knowledge_n of_o good_a work_n low_a and_o mean_a work_n do_v in_o spirit_n and_o right_a intention_n become_v valuable_a and_o meritorious_a but_o the_o best_a work_n lose_v their_o value_n and_o esteem_v where_o just_a and_o good_a intention_n be_v want_v will_v we_o have_v god_n to_o receive_v that_o which_o we_o do_v not_o offer_v or_o can_v we_o expect_v to_o obtain_v what_o we_o never_o intend_v to_o ask_v such_o prayer_n be_v rather_o babble_v and_o at_o the_o best_a be_v but_o abusive_o call_v prayer_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o they_o be_v ineffectual_a for_o sure_o god_n be_v not_o vocis_fw-la sed_fw-la cordis_fw-la auditor_n it_o be_v the_o devotion_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o make_v our_o prayer_n please_v to_o god_n and_o profitable_a to_o our_o soul_n mellifluous_a st._n bernard_n will_v give_v we_o a_o notable_a pattern_n to_o this_o our_o purpose_n say_v come_v intention_n cogitation_n will_n and_o affection_n all_o my_o interior_a part_n let_v we_o ascend_v to_o the_o mountain_n that_o be_v to_o the_o mass_n or_o to_o the_o church_n where_o our_o lord_n see_v and_o be_v see_v you_o care_v solicitude_n anxiety_n dolour_n service_n expect_v i_o here_o that_o be_v at_o the_o door_n of_o the_o church_n with_o the_o ass_n my_o body_n whilst_o i_o with_o the_o boy_n that_o be_v with_o reason_n and_o understanding_n hasten_v thither_o after_o we_o have_v adore_v we_o may_v return_v unto_o you_o for_o we_o will_v return_v and_o alas_o how_o quick_o shall_v we_o return_v when_o we_o go_v to_o mass_n we_o ought_v to_o lay_v aside_o all_o other_o thought_n and_o bend_v all_o our_o intention_n to_o what_o we_o be_v then_o to_o do_v q._n how_o many_o way_n may_v one_o make_v his_o intention_n a._n the_o intention_n may_v have_v influence_n upon_o our_o action_n actual_o virtual_o or_o habitual_o then_o our_o intention_n be_v actual_a when_o by_o a_o application_n of_o the_o mind_n we_o actual_o intend_v such_o or_o such_o a_o end_n of_o our_o action_n then_o virtual_o when_o have_v make_v first_o a_o actual_a intention_n we_o do_v such_o or_o such_o action_n in_o conformity_n or_o in_o virtue_n of_o such_o a_o precedent_n actual_a intention_n then_o habitual_o when_o be_v accustom_v to_o such_o and_o such_o action_n which_o import_v such_o or_o such_o intention_n we_o do_v they_o without_o reflection_n on_o they_o for_o example_n when_o i_o actual_o intend_v to_o go_v or_o hear_v mass_n than_o my_o intention_n be_v actual_a as_o likewise_o to_o hear_v it_o for_o such_o and_o such_o end_n or_o for_o remission_n of_o my_o sin_n for_o to_o obtain_v grace_n and_o such_o like_a and_o when_o i_o do_v what_o become_v a_o christian_a by_o virtue_n of_o my_o precedent_a intention_n there_o be_v a_o virtual_a influence_n on_o what_o i_o do_v although_o i_o do_v not_o reflect_v upon_o any_o such_o intention_n a_o example_n of_o the_o three_o may_v be_v of_o he_o who_o be_v accustom_v to_o give_v alm_n not_o consider_v actual_o what_o he_o do_v at_o the_o present_a who_o nevertheless_o will_v not_o give_v it_o but_o for_o god_n such_o a_o one_o may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v a_o habitual_a intention_n the_o first_o to_o wit_n actual_a intention_n as_o it_o import_v a_o continual_a intention_n to_o the_o end_n be_v proper_a only_o to_o the_o perfect_a and_o such_o who_o have_v obtain_v that_o special_a grace_n of_o god_n who_o by_o a_o perfect_a abstraction_n from_o all_o earthly_a thing_n be_v absorb_v in_o god_n nevertheless_o by_o diligence_n we_o may_v at_o least_o frequent_o renew_v those_o actual_a intention_n provide_v that_o it_o be_v not_o do_v with_o anxiety_n or_o trouble_n of_o mind_n to_o the_o hindrance_n of_o the_o action_n we_o be_v to_o do_v the_o second_o that_o be_v virtual_a intention_n suffice_v to_o make_v our_o action_n please_v and_o acceptable_a to_o god_n
his_o church_n whereto_o he_o have_v give_v authority_n in_o his_o name_n to_o cast_v out_o devil_n and_o evil_a spirit_n to_o heal_v the_o sick_a to_o remit_v sin_n and_o such_o like_a the_o material_a cause_n be_v sensible_a and_o exterior_a thing_n apply_v by_o the_o same_o church_n from_o the_o apostle_n to_o spiritual_a effect_n which_o both_o testament_n do_v warrant_v our_o saviour_n himself_o give_v example_n thereof_o by_o use_v spital_n clay_n wash_v with_o water_n cure_v by_o the_o hem_n of_o his_o garment_n and_o give_v power_n to_o his_o disciple_n to_o cure_v the_o sick_a with_o oil_n which_o they_o do_v also_o by_o their_o napkin_n yea_o by_o their_o shadow_n the_o formal_a cause_n by_o which_o such_o effect_n be_v wrought_v be_v the_o benediction_n which_o consist_v in_o the_o exorcism_n and_o invocation_n of_o god_n name_n the_o exorcism_n declare_v the_o power_n which_o be_v give_v to_o priest_n the_o invocation_n implore_v god_n concurrence_n thereto_o or_o rather_o that_o it_o may_v take_v effect_n in_o those_o who_o use_v it_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v the_o manifestation_n of_o god_n glory_n and_o power_n and_o the_o good_a of_o our_o soul_n 5._o of_o exorcism_n &_o benediction_n q._n what_o mean_v you_o by_o exorcism_n a._n exorcism_n be_v a_o greek_a word_n signify_v adjuration_n which_o st._n isodore_n describe_v thus_o a_o word_n of_o increpation_n or_o rebuke_n against_o the_o unclean_a spirit_n make_v on_o those_o who_o be_v possess_v or_o to_o be_v baptise_a whereby_o the_o wicked_a power_n of_o the_o devil_n and_o his_o inveterate_a malice_n and_o violent_a incursion_n and_o assault_n may_v be_v expulse_v and_o drive_v away_o and_o this_o not_o only_o from_o person_n and_o place_n but_o also_o from_o any_o material_a thing_n use_v in_o order_n to_o any_o spiritual_a effect_n but_o principal_o in_o baptism_n whereof_o the_o holy_a father_n make_v frequent_a mention_n special_o justin_n martyr_n tertullian_n basil_n cyprian_n cyril_n chrysostome_n ambrose_n robanus_n augustine_n and_o other_o all_o ground_v themselves_o on_o the_o example_n of_o our_o saviour_n who_o threaten_v the_o unclean_a spirit_n command_v he_o to_o go_v forth_o and_o again_o deaf_a and_o dumb_a spirit_n i_o command_v thou_o to_o go_v out_o of_o he_o st._n paul_n in_o like_a manner_n i_o command_v thou_o in_o the_o name_n of_o jesus_n christ_n to_o go_v out_o of_o she_o the_o four_o council_n of_o carthage_n describe_v the_o office_n of_o the_o exorcist_n say_v let_v he_o when_o he_o be_v order_v take_v from_o the_o bishop_n the_o book_n of_o exorcism_n the_o bishop_n say_v to_o he_o receive_v and_o remember_v and_o have_v power_n to_o imp_v se_fw-mi hand_n on_o the_o possess_v this_o council_n be_v well_o nigh_o 1300_o year_n past_a from_o hence_o the_o church_n use_v this_o exorcism_n on_o the_o salt_n and_o water_n to_o expel_v the_o power_n of_o the_o devil_n from_o god_n creature_n that_o by_o the_o use_n of_o they_o christian_n may_v be_v free_v from_o his_o attempt_n and_o to_o this_o end_n make_v prayer_n to_o god_n that_o by_o the_o invocation_n of_o his_o holy_a name_n and_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n wherewith_o the_o salt_n and_o water_n be_v sign_v the_o faithful_a with_o devotion_n and_o faith_n may_v apply_v it_o for_o the_o end_n aforesaid_a and_o obtain_v the_o say_v effect_n q._n what_o mean_v you_o by_o benediction_n a._n benediction_n be_v diverse_o take_v for_o god_n bless_v we_o and_o we_o bless_v god_n the_o benediction_n we_o give_v to_o god_n be_v no_o other_o thing_n then_o to_o praise_n god_n or_o to_o give_v thanks_o to_o he_o or_o to_o sing_v his_o glory_n which_o be_v frequent_a in_o the_o scripture_n the_o benediction_n which_o god_n give_v be_v his_o gift_n and_o grace_n which_o he_o impart_v to_o his_o creature_n for_o which_o in_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n we_o make_v supplication_n and_o prayer_n benediction_n then_o here_o be_v take_v for_o prayer_n to_o god_n that_o he_o will_v bless_v this_o salt_n or_o water_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n in_o this_o manner_n st._n paul_n say_v that_o every_o creature_n be_v sanctify_v by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o prayer_n so_o the_o priest_n in_o the_o old_a law_n have_v power_n to_o sanctify_v the_o people_n and_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v require_v to_o their_o sacrifice_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o church_n have_v her_o priest_n who_o by_o their_o ordination_n have_v power_n to_o bless_v and_o sanctify_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v sacramental_a or_o for_o the_o spiritual_a profit_n of_o our_o soul_n q._n why_o do_v the_o priest_n in_o sprinkle_v of_o holy_a water_n and_o christian_n in_o take_v it_o say_v that_o of_o the_o psalmist_n thou_o shall_v sprinkle_v i_o with_o hyssop_n etc._n etc._n a._n it_o be_v the_o frequent_a custom_n of_o the_o church_n to_o use_v word_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n for_o the_o devotion_n of_o the_o faithful_a in_o some_o pious_a sense_n although_o it_o be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o the_o literal_a sense_n of_o those_o word_n and_o therefore_o as_o the_o holy_a water_n have_v a_o mystical_a signification_n principal_o in_o order_n to_o the_o soul_n so_o she_o take_v these_o word_n in_o a_o mystical_a sense_n import_v the_o principal_a effect_n of_o the_o holy_a water_n which_o be_v to_o purge_v and_o cleanse_v our_o soul_n from_o sin_n and_o sinful_a affection_n now_o hyssop_n both_o for_o its_o formal_a use_n and_o mystical_a signification_n may_v be_v fit_o apply_v to_o this_o action_n for_o it_o be_v use_v nay_o institute_v by_o god_n for_o cleanse_v from_o uncleaness_n to_o which_o end_n they_o be_v to_o dip_v hyssop_n in_o water_n with_o ash_n and_o to_o sprinkle_v all_o the_o tent_n and_o all_o implement_n and_o the_o man_n and_o so_o be_v free_v from_o pollution_n or_o contagion_n and_o again_o this_o hyssop_n dip_v in_o sparrow_n blood_n do_v serve_v to_o cure_v the_o leprosy_n by_o be_v sprinkle_v therewith_o now_o for_o its_o signification_n it_o agree_v with_o the_o effect_n of_o holy_a water_n for_o as_o the_o physician_n hold_v hyssop_n have_v a_o certain_a virtue_n of_o purge_v principal_o the_o light_n or_o lung_n and_o to_o mitigate_v the_o pain_n of_o the_o stomach_n which_o st._n hierome_n on_o the_o 50_o psalm_n thus_o apply_v as_o the_o earthly_a hyssop_n be_v apt_a to_o cure_v the_o lung_n to_o hinder_v inflammation_n or_o swell_n of_o the_o wind_n so_o man_n sprinkle_v with_o celestial_a hyssop_n that_o be_v with_o humility_n of_o heart_n be_v purge_v from_o all_o malignity_n of_o pride_n and_o st._n augustine_n hyssop_n say_v he_o be_v a_o simple_a or_o low_a herb_n purge_v the_o stomach_n and_o signify_v christ_n humility_n by_o which_o we_o be_v cleanse_v christian_n then_o enter_v into_o the_o church_n aught_o to_o be_v sprinkle_v with_o this_o hyssop_n of_o humility_n that_o take_v the_o holy_a water_n with_o humility_n devotion_n and_o compunction_n they_o may_v be_v cleanse_v and_o purge_v from_o all_o pride_n and_o vanity_n that_o with_o purity_n of_o heart_n they_o may_v be_v prepare_v for_o the_o better_a participation_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n and_o sacrament_n sect_n iv_o of_o the_o church_n and_o holy_a thing_n therein_o 1._o of_o the_o church_n q._n what_o be_v the_o church_n a._n we_o may_v say_v with_o grief_n deus_fw-la venerunt_fw-la gentes_fw-la o_o god_n the_o gentile_n be_v come_v into_o thy_o inheritance_n for_o we_o have_v not_o the_o happiness_n now_o to_o enjoy_v our_o church_n and_o instead_o of_o they_o we_o be_v force_v to_o use_v ordinary_a chamber_n poor_a room_n or_o corner_n to_o celebrate_v the_o divine_a mystery_n in_o so_o that_o in_o write_v for_o the_o present_a time_n i_o shall_v omit_v many_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v say_v of_o material_a church_n i_o shall_v only_o say_v that_o as_o we_o have_v the_o self_n same_o sacrifice_n so_o we_o ought_v to_o have_v the_o same_o devotion_n to_o it_o in_o whatsoever_o place_n it_o be_v 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ample_o declare_v this_o that_o it_o be_v needless_a here_o to_o treat_v of_o this_o subject_a i_o will_v only_o take_v notice_n here_o that_o many_o counsel_n have_v determine_v this_o matter_n but_o especial_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a hold_v well_o nigh_o nine_o hundred_o year_n ago_o where_o there_o be_v 330_o bishop_n assemble_v express_o on_o this_o subject_a this_o council_n be_v hold_v in_o greece_n where_o the_o opposite_a heresy_n do_v begin_v some_o year_n before_o with_o great_a contest_v in_o those_o part_n whereas_o the_o western_a church_n do_v always_o preserve_v the_o worship_n and_o use_v of_o image_n and_o in_o three_o several_a counsel_n condemn_v the_o heretic_n in_o the_o eastern_a church_n and_o this_o be_v do_v in_o nice_a in_o the_o most_o solemn_a manner_n and_o with_o the_o great_a dispute_n that_o ever_o be_v see_v in_o any_o council_n on_o the_o opposer_n side_n all_o the_o reason_n imaginable_a from_o whence_o the_o heretic_n of_o our_o time_n have_v take_v their_o argument_n on_o the_o catholic_n defender_n side_n scripture_n tradition_n custom_n judgement_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n continual_a practice_n of_o god_n church_n be_v allege_v with_o clear_a and_o manifest_a answer_n to_o all_o contrary_a objection_n whence_o the_o council_n unanimous_o determine_v the_o use_n and_o worship_n of_o they_o q._n may_v we_o adore_v they_o a._n we_o may_v not_o adore_v they_o but_o before_o they_o or_o in_o behold_v they_o we_o may_v adore_v what_o be_v represent_v by_o they_o according_a to_o the_o old_a verse_n christ_n picture_n worship_n thou_o who_o by_o the_o same_o do_v pass_v yet_o picture_n worship_v not_o but_o christ_n for_o who_o it_o picture_v be_v if_o the_o picture_n be_v of_o god_n we_o give_v divine_a worship_n to_o he_o if_o of_o saint_n we_o then_o give_v a_o religious_a worship_n which_o be_v due_a to_o they_o for_o our_o worship_n do_v not_o terminate_v in_o the_o picture_n but_o in_o the_o thing_n represent_v the_o picture_n or_o image_n do_v serve_v only_o as_o representative_n in_o some_o manner_n like_o the_o species_n which_o fall_v not_o under_o our_o sense_n or_o understand_v but_o in_o as_o much_o as_o they_o represent_v the_o object_n we_o have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o god_n but_o by_o the_o species_n which_o serve_v only_o to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o the_o object_n and_o do_v not_o terminate_v or_o bound_v the_o understanding_n in_o its_o operation_n so_o that_o we_o know_v the_o object_n by_o the_o species_n but_o yet_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o species_n the_o object_n of_o the_o sense_n be_v the_o sensible_a quality_n which_o the_o sense_n do_v not_o perceive_v but_o the_o species_n in_o as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v representative_n of_o such_o quality_n so_o it_o be_v also_o in_o picture_n or_o image_n which_o by_o their_o representative_a nature_n be_v behold_v or_o see_v do_v lead_v we_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o thing_n represent_v we_o may_v experience_n this_o in_o the_o picture_n of_o a_o person_n we_o love_v when_o we_o see_v the_o picture_n we_o be_v move_v with_o a_o new_a affection_n not_o to_o the_o picture_n but_o to_o the_o person_n it_o represent_v q._n wherefore_o be_v they_o put_v in_o church_n a._n for_o many_o reason_n first_o for_o ornament_n of_o the_o church_n which_o be_v warrant_v by_o the_o scripture_n where_o god_n command_v the_o image_n of_o cherubin_n to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o ark_n and_o solomon_n put_v cherube_n in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o temple_n why_o then_o may_v not_o christian_n place_n image_n in_o their_o church_n the_o emperor_n constantine_n in_o all_o the_o church_n he_o build_v do_v put_v image_n picture_n and_o statue_n of_o christ_n and_o his_o saint_n for_o their_o ornament_n isodore_n pelusiat_a who_o live_v about_o the_o year_n 440._o be_v so_o far_o for_o it_o that_o he_o say_v the_o place_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o church_n which_o be_v not_o adorn_v with_o image_n it_o be_v strange_a that_o man_n adorn_v their_o house_n with_o profane_a picture_n or_o image_n and_o think_v that_o holy_a picture_n represent_v sanctity_n piety_n and_o devotion_n to_o be_v profanation_n in_o the_o church_n second_o for_o the_o instruction_n and_o help_n of_o the_o ignorant_a who_o by_o those_o image_n do_v learn_v the_o mystery_n of_o our_o faith_n as_o the_o learned_a do_v by_o book_n and_o character_n which_o be_v but_o as_o image_n st._n john_n damascene_fw-la say_v that_o our_o holy_a father_n do_v judge_v it_o convenient_a to_o set_v forth_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o passion_n in_o picture_n or_o image_n that_o the_o unlearned_a or_o those_o who_o can_v not_o read_v may_v refresh_v their_o memory_n thereby_o whence_o tharasius_n patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n say_v whatsoever_o the_o gospel_n show_v unto_o we_o by_o read_v the_o same_o be_v see_v by_o image_n whatsoever_o also_o book_n speak_v of_o holy_a martyr_n sufferance_n the_o self_n same_o be_v signify_v by_o image_n letter_n be_v but_o image_n of_o the_o thing_n signify_v and_o image_n but_o letter_n for_o the_o ignorant_a yea_o to_o the_o learned_a for_o a_o more_o speedy_a representation_n three_o they_o serve_v to_o move_v the_o beholder_n to_o piety_n and_o devotion_n for_o natural_o we_o be_v move_v by_o visible_a object_n to_o good_a or_o evil_n whence_o the_o church_n have_v always_o commend_v though_o not_o command_v good_a image_n and_o strict_o forbid_v bad_a one_o principal_o profane_a and_o lascivious_a none_o who_o have_v any_o civility_n will_v deny_v but_o that_o lascivious_a image_n picture_n or_o statue_n be_v dangerous_a and_o sure_o it_o can_v be_v evil_a to_o have_v good_a image_n which_o savour_n of_o piety_n and_o if_o those_o cause_n ill_a disposition_n in_o the_o mind_n these_o may_v cause_v good_a which_o st._n basile_n thus_o declare_v historian_n and_o painter_n do_v often_o describe_v the_o glorious_a conflict_n and_o great_a deed_n of_o warlike_a man_n those_o set_v they_o forth_o by_o oration_n these_o paint_v they_o in_o table_n both_o of_o they_o have_v provoke_v many_o to_o virtue_n to_o wit_n as_o the_o one_o persuade_v by_o his_o move_a word_n so_o the_o other_o draw_v by_o his_o lively_a representation_n of_o the_o thing_n do_v by_o our_o saviour_n and_o his_o holy_a servant_n last_o to_o omit_v other_o reason_n these_o picture_n or_o image_n be_v place_v to_o put_v we_o in_o mind_n of_o the_o sanctity_n of_o the_o place_n wherein_o none_o but_o holy_a picture_n be_v to_o be_v permit_v and_o thereby_o be_v declare_v the_o reverence_n of_o the_o place_n and_o indeed_o when_o one_o come_v to_o a_o church_n adorn_v as_o it_o become_v the_o house_n of_o god_n especial_o with_o picture_n image_n and_o statue_n he_o can_v but_o adore_v god_n to_o who_o all_o this_o preparation_n be_v make_v for_o it_o have_v some_o resemblance_n of_o heaven_n where_o god_n be_v say_v to_o be_v with_o his_o angel_n and_o saint_n adore_v he_o with_o fear_n and_o reverence_n for_o here_o by_o faith_n we_o believe_v christ_n jesus_n god_n and_o man_n to_o be_v real_o present_a and_o we_o contemplate_v in_o spirit_n the_o angel_n and_o saint_n accompany_v he_o under_o the_o form_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n we_o see_v our_o god_n and_o in_o the_o image_n we_o see_v his_o angel_n and_o saint_n 5._o of_o taper_n or_o candle_n q._n why_o do_v the_o church_n use_v candle_n at_o mass_n a._n all_o nation_n gentile_n jew_n and_o christian_n have_v always_o use_v lamp_n candle_n or_o taper_n in_o the_o service_n of_o god_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o gentile_n be_v manifest_a in_o their_o history_n of_o the_o jew_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o moses_n and_o of_o the_o christian_n in_o all_o age_n as_o the_o ecclesiastical_a history_n do_v record_v and_o the_o first_o who_o oppose_v it_o in_o the_o church_n be_v vigilantius_n above_o 1200_o year_n past_a against_o who_o even_o in_o this_o point_n the_o holy_a father_n st._n hierome_n st._n augustine_n and_o st._n paulin_n do_v write_v in_o defence_n of_o the_o catholic_n custom_n st._n epiphanius_n and_o evodius_n make_v mention_n of_o it_o and_o we_o may_v gather_v that_o such_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o church_n for_o that_o our_o constantine_n the_o great_a who_o build_v and_o erect_v many_o church_n among_o other_o his_o gift_n to_o the_o church_n do_v add_v possession_n and_o land_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o such_o light_n lamp_n and_o candle_n in_o the_o church_n i_o may_v here_o allege_v counsel_n and_o history_n for_o the_o use_n thereof_o but_o these_o may_v suffice_v only_o i_o will_v note_v that_o the_o office_n of_o acholithus_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o seven_o ecclesiastical_a order_n call_v also_o ceroforarius_n acknowledge_v by_o the_o pope_n cayus_n cornelius_n and_o gelasius_n all_o in_o the_o primitive_a time_n as_o
the_o offertory_n 1._o of_o some_o ceremony_n before_o mass_n q._n what_o be_v the_o ceremony_n before_o mass_n a._n the_o priest_n now_o vest_v with_o the_o foresay_a ornament_n his_o thought_n and_o intention_n be_v whole_o celestial_a and_o therefore_o we_o must_v look_v upon_o he_o not_o as_o man_n but_o as_o our_o angel_n send_v by_o our_o holy_a mother_n the_o church_n or_o as_o a_o ambassador_n in_o fit_v equipage_n to_o mediate_v our_o cause_n before_o god_n his_o commission_n and_o authority_n be_v from_o christ_n jesus_n his_o patent_n be_v undeniable_o seal_v with_o the_o character_n of_o christ_n word_n his_o credential_n letter_n be_v enroll_v in_o the_o gospel_n and_o he_o be_v choose_v by_o christ_n himself_o before_o the_o angel_n that_o you_o may_v not_o stagger_v in_o the_o belief_n thereof_o in_o his_o exterior_a vestment_n he_o carry_v the_o mark_n sign_n and_o trophy_n of_o christ_n victorious_a passion_n whence_o we_o may_v pious_o contemplate_v on_o the_o priest_n go_v to_o the_o altar_n represent_v our_o saviour_n go_v to_o mount-calvary_n and_o there_o to_o offer_v up_o the_o same_o passion_n which_o be_v then_o offer_v for_o mankind_n in_o this_o manner_n he_o go_v to_o the_o altar_n there_o to_o offer_v his_o intention_n of_o offer_v the_o sacrifice_n for_o himself_o and_o all_o there_o present_a who_o may_v do_v well_o to_o offer_v with_o he_o their_o intention_n of_o hear_v mass_n for_o such_o and_o such_o end_n imitate_v those_o who_o as_o the_o evangelist_n testify_v do_v abide_v before_o the_o cross_n see_v all_o thing_n not_o leave_v christ_n until_o all_o be_v do_v the_o priest_n be_v now_o to_o present_v the_o same_o passion_n with_o application_n thereof_o to_o our_o soul_n q._n why_o do_v he_o after_o return_v from_o the_o altar_n a._n when_o he_o come_v from_o the_o altar_n we_o may_v imagine_v that_o he_o retire_v from_o thence_o in_o consideration_n of_o his_o own_o unworthiness_n sin_n and_o iniquity_n and_o withdraws_a to_o make_v first_o his_o confession_n whereto_o he_o require_v the_o help_n of_o all_o present_a or_o rather_o to_o join_v himself_o with_o they_o that_o by_o mutual_a prayer_n they_o may_v ask_v pardon_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o be_v unite_v in_o their_o intention_n that_o with_o pure_a and_o join_v heart_n they_o may_v offer_v this_o sacrifice_n to_o god_n now_o the_o priest_n thus_o stand_v in_o a_o competent_a distance_n from_o the_o altar_n where_o he_o be_v to_o make_v his_o confession_n imitate_v the_o publican_n who_o stand_v a_o far_o off_o as_o not_o dare_v to_o lift_v up_o his_o eye_n towards_o heaven_n but_o knock_v his_o breast_n say_v god_n be_v merciful_a to_o i_o a_o sinner_n and_o in_o effect_n say_v with_o esdreas_n my_o lord_n i_o be_o confound_v and_o ashamed_a to_o lift_v up_o my_o face_n to_o thou_o because_o our_o iniquity_n be_v multiply_v over_o our_o head_n and_o our_o sin_n be_v grow_v even_o to_o heaven_n whence_o he_o make_v a_o profound_a inclination_n to_o the_o crucifix_n as_o beg_v christ_n grace_n for_o the_o better_a performance_n of_o this_o holy_a sacrifice_n or_o as_o st._n ambrose_n say_v he_o who_o seek_v the_o refection_n of_o his_o soul_n must_v bow_v down_o with_o humility_n by_o which_o he_o may_v the_o soon_o obtain_v mercy_n of_o our_o lord_n each_o devout_a catholic_n may_v ponder_v and_o join_v with_o the_o priest_n in_o this_o act_n of_o humiliation_n and_o adoration_n by_o humble_v their_o heart_n and_o bend_v their_o head_n to_o give_v all_o reverence_n to_o the_o altar_n or_o crucifix_n 2._o of_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o mass_n q._n how_o do_v the_o priest_n begin_v the_o mass_n a._n have_v make_v his_o inclination_n with_o a_o clear_a voice_n the_o priest_n say_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n and_o of_o the_o son_n and_o of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n and_o in_o say_v it_o make_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n draw_v his_o hand_n from_o his_o head_n below_o his_o breast_n and_o afterward_o from_o the_o left_a shoulder_n to_o the_o right_n the_o church_n make_v use_v of_o these_o word_n and_o ceremony_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o all_o divine_a office_n and_o after_o this_o manner_n we_o be_v baptise_a and_o from_o thence_o all_o christian_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o prayer_n work_n or_o action_n do_v in_o this_o manner_n invocate_v god_n holy_a name_n q._n what_o reason_n have_v you_o for_o it_o a._n the_o priest_n not_o presume_v on_o his_o merit_n or_o worth_n invocate_v the_o holy_a trinity_n according_a to_o the_o council_n of_o st._n paul_n all_o whatsoever_o you_o do_v in_o word_n or_o work_n do_v all_o thing_n in_o the_o name_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n and_o therein_o make_v a_o public_a profession_n of_o his_o faith_n without_o which_o nothing_o be_v please_v to_o god_n for_o in_o these_o word_n the_o great_a and_o principal_a mystery_n of_o our_o faith_n yea_o virtual_o all_o be_v contain_v for_o in_o say_v in_o the_o name_n we_o profess_v and_o acknowledge_v one_o god_n and_o in_o expression_n of_o three_o person_n we_o also_o declare_v our_o belief_n of_o the_o trinity_n and_o by_o put_v our_o hand_n to_o the_o head_n we_o represent_v the_o father_n as_o the_o first_o person_n head_n and_o fountain_n of_o the_o holy_a trinity_n draw_v the_o hand_n from_o the_o head_n to_o the_o breast_n represent_v the_o generation_n of_o the_o son_n from_o the_o father_n and_o bring_v the_o hand_n from_o the_o left_a shoulder_n to_o the_o right_n between_o the_o head_n and_o breast_n we_o represent_v the_o procession_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n from_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n in_o like_a manner_n by_o make_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n with_o these_o word_n the_o mystery_n of_o the_o incarnation_n be_v represent_v unto_o we_o for_o in_o put_v the_o hand_n to_o the_o head_n &_o say_v in_o the_o rame_z of_o the_o father_n we_o profess_v that_o god_n the_o father_n for_o the_o love_n of_o we_o and_o for_o our_o salvation_n do_v give_v his_o only_a son_n for_o our_o redemption_n and_o draw_v the_o hand_n from_o the_o head_n to_o the_o breast_n say_v and_o of_o the_o son_n we_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o eternal_a word_n of_o the_o father_n descend_v unto_o we_o to_o take_v humane_a flesh_n and_o by_o draw_v the_o hand_n from_o shoulder_n to_o shoulder_n say_v and_o of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n we_o confess_v the_o come_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n as_o the_o complete_a of_o christ_n incarnation_n and_o last_o by_o form_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n we_o profess_v our_o faith_n of_o the_o death_n and_o passion_n of_o our_o saviour_n q._n what_o do_v the_o faithful_a do_v then_o a._n they_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o the_o same_o intention_n do_v the_o same_o and_o in_o sign_n that_o they_o be_v of_o the_o same_o intention_n and_o faith_n with_o the_o priest_n they_o devout_o say_v amen_n we_o all_o agree_v to_o it_o and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n etc._n etc._n will_v concur_v with_o the_o priest_n in_o this_o his_o sacrifice_n q._n pray_v what_o follow_v a._n there_o follow_v a_o antiphon_n with_o a_o pious_a psalm_n in_o the_o antiphon_n the_o priest_n declare_v his_o intention_n of_o enter_v or_o go_v to_o the_o altar_n of_o god_n that_o be_v to_o offer_v sacrifice_n and_o to_o this_o end_n he_o recite_v the_o psalm_n thereby_o desire_v first_o protection_n from_o his_o enemy_n either_o spiritual_a or_o corporal_a and_o animate_v his_o soul_n to_o go_v on_o with_o confidence_n for_o god_n be_v our_o strength_n our_o light_n and_o truth_n who_o do_v commend_v the_o execution_n of_o this_o office_n and_o i_o intend_v nothing_o more_o therein_o than_o his_o praise_n and_o glory_n which_o make_v he_o end_v with_o gloria_fw-la patri_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o all_o that_o can_v may_v answer_v to_o he_o in_o the_o antiphon_n and_o psalm_n and_o those_o who_o can_v have_v leisure_n to_o think_v upon_o their_o sin_n and_o iniquity_n their_o unworthiness_n and_o continual_a desert_n that_o with_o devotion_n they_o may_v imitate_v the_o priest_n in_o his_o confession_n of_o which_o more_o in_o the_o next_o paragraph_n 3._o of_o confession_n q._n what_o confession_n be_v here_o make_v a._n we_o must_v know_v that_o confession_n in_o general_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o manifestation_n of_o our_o affection_n in_o word_n or_o exterior_a action_n or_o sign_n which_o be_v do_v by_o we_o three_o several_a way_n to_o wit_n of_o faith_n praise_n and_o of_o our_o sin_n in_o the_o first_o sense_n our_o saviour_n commend_v it_o to_o we_o say_v every_o one_o that_o shall_v confess_v i_o in_o which_o sense_n those_o who_o have_v make_v a_o strong_a confession_n or_o profession_n of_o their_o faith_n be_v call_v confessor_n st._n paul_n say_v we_o believe_v unto_o justice_n but_o with_o the_o mouth_n