this is no excuse to them that Tolerate not men to obey the Laws of Christ. To these I may adde that though many Prelatists utterly mistake and think that it is the Ministers every where that are the chief Leaders of the people to Separation yet both in New-England and in Old the people are so much proner to it than the Ministers except a very few that if it were not for the wisdom gravity stability and authority of the Ministers restreining them the matter would be otherwise than it is As this Synod of New-England sheweth you their stability and moderation so do the choicest of their Pastors still stand firm against all extreams and hold the people in that Concord which they have The excellent service of Mr. Mitchell in this kind before he died is predicated by all I will not recite all the complaints I heard from Mr. Nortons mouth against the separating humour of many people and their danger thereupon nor the many Letters to the same purpose which many worthy men thence have sent over to their friends and their particular lamentations of the case of Hartford Boston c. which I have had the sight of which fully testifie that they are no promoters of those waies The sad case of the Bermuda's I before mentioned Sad indeed when in so disciplin'd a Plantation one Minister shall turn away the greater part from Church-Communion till they become aliens And the rest whom he gathered as the only worthy persons shall so many turn Quakers and such like till Religion between both is alas how low as their late worthy Minister fore-named testifyeth The dissolution of the separated Churches of the English in the Low Countreys by their own divisions is a thing too well known to be concealed From all which I gather that it is the Interest of the Congregational Churches themselves as much as of any others to joyn with us for the Principles of Christian Love forbearance and Unity and against the Principles of alienation and division which is all that I am driving at Obj. But the Churches of New-England would not joyn with a Church that should use the Common-prayer in that worship nor in the Sacrament Answ. Nor I neither ordinarily if I were with them and in their case who have liberty to worship God in the most edifying and serious and orderly manner that they can And yet were I in Armenia Abassia or among the Greeks I would joyn in a much more defective form than our Liturgie rather than in none And that this is the judgement of many New-England Ministers to joyn with the English Liturgie rather than have no Church-worship I have reason to conjecture because in their foresaid Defence of the Synod Pref. pag. 4 5. They profess themselves to receive their principles not from the Separatists but from the good old non-Conformists to whom they adhere naming Cartwright Ames Paraeus Parker Baines Fox Dearing Greenham c. And I need not tell those that have read their writings that the old non-Conformists did some of them read the Common-prayer and the most of them judge iâ— lawful to jo 〈…〉 Or else Mr. Hildersham Mr. Rich. Rogers c. would not write so earnestly to men to come to the beginning and prefer it before all private duties And Perkins was for kneeling at the Sacrament And Mr. Baines his successor in his Letters writes for Communicating kneeling at the Sacrament and answereth the objections But though I write this to give them the due honour of their moderation and sober judgement yet not as making them or any men our Rule in faith or worship Obj. Therefore the Churches of new-New-England reprove not separation from a Common-prayer Church though they would have none separate among themselves because there is no just Cause Ans. 1. The former answer may serve to make it probable that they would joyn with them as Churches in case they had not better to joyn with on lawful tearms 2. And their own expressions signifie that they take the English Parishes that have godly Ministers for true Churches though faulty 3. And those that I now write for cannot forget that they gathered their Churches by separation out of our parish-Parish-Churches when there was no Common-prayer nor Ceremonies used nor any difference in worship found among us that I know of And that in new-New-England it self the Principles which I deny do too of procure separation from those Churches that have nothing which moderation and peaceableness will think a sufficient cause of such disjunction 4. And it is well known that the name of a Separatist and Brownist was first taken up here in England with relation to these Parish-Churches where they had the Liturgie and Ceremonies as now Therefore they would speak equivocally in disclaiming Separatists and Brownists if they meant not such as the word is first and commonly used to signifie 5. And if that were not the sense a Separatist might be said to be against Separation as well as they in New-England For Canne or Iohnson would be against separating from their own Churches or from any which they judged as faultless 6. It was the Parish-Churches that had the Liturgie and were accused to have 91 Antichristian Errors in them and the Church of England which they belonged to which Mr. H. Iacob the Father of the Congregational Party wrote for Communion with against Francis Iohnson and in respect to which he called those Separatists against whom he wrote The same I may say of Mr. Bradshaw Dr. Ames and other non-Conformists whom the Congregational brethren think were favourable to their way And if the old Independents as well as the rest of the non-Conformists accounted them Culpable Separatists that then wrote for separation from the Parish-Churches for Diocesane Churches I Iâ— meddle not with then we have small reason to think that those New-England Brethren that disclaim the Separatists were of the mind of these Separatists themselves or that they differed from the old Independents herein when they seem rather to be of such healing principles and temper towards the Presbyterians as in my opinion they have in their Synodical Conclusions made â—p almost all the breach And therefore are not to be accounted more for separation than the old Congregational Divines And that you may see that the Magistrates of New-England are of the mind of their Pastors in the Synod and take the youth to be under the Ministers Charge or at least that I may hereby express my gladness for this work of their great prudence and Christian zeal and call those my brethren of the Ministry to Repentance who did neglect this work of personal Instruction while we had liberty to exercise the Pastoral office and also that I may yet remember them that are silenced what abundance of good the Law yet alloweth them to do by this course of going from house to house and of Catechizing the youth seeing we are restrained to no members under 16 years of age
liberty to preach the Gospel but that it was a burden which they should cast off as soon as they had liberty so to do And I knew some who urged them to declare their Repentance for their former conformity and to have confessed it to have been their sin But I never heard of any considerable number of them that ever did it or that changed their minds And though Ministerial Conformity as to Engagements is now much altered many of them that are yet living do again confâ—rm And though I then was not nor yet am of their mind my self yet I would not shun Communion with the Reverend members of that Assembly Twisse Gatâ—ker Whittaker and the rest if again they werâ—â—sers of the Liturgie among us 3. But what if in all this I be mistaken and if Communion in the Liturgie prove unlawful should you be so impatient as not to bear with one that in such an opinion differeth from you As I write for my opinion so do you for yours And why should not you bear with my dissent as well as I do with yours My judgement commanded me First to exhort all sober Christians to draw neerer and to lay by those principles which drive them from each other as not to be Communicated with And Secondly where that cannot be obtained to bear with one another in our several Assemblies or Churches and to manage them with Love and peace This was my exâ—â—rtation And the time once was even when the five Dissenting brethren pleaded their cause with the Assembly at Westminster that this motion would have been accepted or at least not judged so great an injury as now it is O brethren do not expose your selves and cause so much to the censure of impartial men and of posterity as to let them know that you are grown so high or that in the very day of our humiliation these terms seem so injurious to you as these exceptions intimate Mr. Nye and Mr. Tho. Good win were so friendly with Dr. Prâ—ston as to publish his works when he was dead And I verily think if you had been acquainted with such Conformists heretofore as he was and Dr. Stoughton and Dr. Taylor and Mr. Downam and those forenamed and abundance more you could not choose but have thought them both tolerable and lovely if you had not thought it lawful to Communicate with them Much more you should have endured such as the Non-conformists of that age who used Parish Communion and pleaded for it against the Separatists in far sharper language than ever I used to you as their books against Johnson and Cann and Brown and Ainsworth do yet visibly declare If you think their Reasons and mine for the Lawfulness of Parish Communion to be insufficient so do I think of yours against it I have read divers that charge the Liturgie with Idolatry Did I ever lay so heavy a charge on you Did I ever say that it is unlawful to have Communion with you as you say it is to have Communion with others Why then should you not bear with lesser Contradiction when others must bear with far greater from you Will you proclaim your selves to be the more impatient You will then make men think that you are the most guilty You say of such men as those before named your worship is Idolatry and it is unlawful for any Christian to hold Communion with you in it and all that are present and joyn with you are guilty of the Idolatry I do but say that you make the Case more odious than it is and injure others by this charge What a world are we come to when those that you count unworthy of your Communion must not take your charge of Idolatry as too sharp and yet you that should be most patient take it for a heynous crime and injury to be told that you wrong them and that you judge too hardly of them and that their Communion is not unlawful Nay is it seemly for thâ—se men that have said and done so much I say so much for Liberty of Conscience and would never consent to the Westminster Assembly to declare against it even as to those parties whom you counted very erroneous your selves to be yet so impatient of our liberty to tell the Church our judgement about the Lawfulness of other mens Communion Is it meet for them who are offended with those that silence us and restrain us of our liberty to be so tender as to shew by such language as this Excepter useth and by such unjust fames as some others have dispersed how little themselves can bear dissenters I know that displeasure and impatience in the divers parties is expressed different wayes But O that yet you would consider how near of kin the principles are and how much defect of Love and Patience there is in you as well as others 4. And I intreat you to mark but what your own objection intimateth You could endure it if I had only pleaded for Peace and Concord among the Non-conformists But doth not this intimate that Peace and Concord in it self is desirable among all those that should agree and be united Why I am as well able to prove that all true Christians should have Peace and Love and Concord for the strength of the Universal Church as any of you all are able to prove that any one Party should have Concord in it self The Episcopal part would have all possible Concord among those that are Episcopal and the Presbyterians among Presbyterians and the Independents among Independents and the Anabaptists among Anabaptists no party is for Divisions among themselves till the particular temptation doth prevail And yet I am not pardonable for motioning that all sober Christians as Christians may have all possible Love Peace and Concord among themselves Brethren I am sure that Christs body is but one I do not despise all those words of Christ and the Spirit which I cited in my book I know that the diversity of knowledge and gifts among true Christians should not make diversities of Churches 1 Cor. 12. When I know this and cannot choose but know it why should any be angry with me for knowing it I know that the Godly Conformists and Non-conformists in England should be united as well as each party among themselves I know that our division gratifieth the Papists and greatly hazardeth the Protestant Religion and that more than most of you seem to believe or to regard I know that our division advantageth Profaneness and greatly hindereth the success of Ministers on both sides I know that it greatly pleaseth Satan and buildeth up his Kingdom and weakneth the Kingdom of our Lord His own mouth hath told us so And shall I not believe him As in our Worcestershire Agreement heretofore we proceeded on terms which excluded not the Episcopal so in our desires and terms of Concord we must still go the same way and shut out none from our Love and Communion whom Christ receiveth and would
mens mouths doth never make you scruple their Communion I intreat you do but study an answer to one that would separate from you all upon such grounds as these First for the sin consider of these texts Exod. 23. 1 2. Thou shalt not raise a false report put not thy hand with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil neither shalt thou speak in a cause to decline after many to wrest it Psalm 15. 3. He that backhiteth not with his tongue nor doth evil to his neighbour nor taketh up a reproach against his neighbour Rom. 1. 30. Backbiters â—aters of God 2 Cor. 12. 20. Lest there be debate strifes backbibitings whisperings c. Prov. 25. 23. An angry counterance driveth away a backbiting tongue Tit. 3. 1 2. Put them in mind to be ready to every good work to speak evil of no man 1 Pet. 2. 1. Laying aside evil speakings 1 Tim. 6. 4. Whereof cometh evil surmisings Eph. 4. 31. Let evil speakings be put away from you Jud. 10. These speak evil of those things which they know not Jam. 4. 11. Speak not evil one of another He that speaketh evil of another and judgeth another speakevil of the Law and judgeth the Law Have you more and plainer texts of Scripture agninst the Common Prayer than all these are Now suppose one should say that a people of such sin as this should not be Communicated with especially where there is no discipline exercised that ever so much as calleth one man of them to repentance for it what answer will you give to this which will not confute your own objections against Communion with many Parish Churches in this Land 5. Lastly hence note how still overdoing is undoing By the Principles of Love and Peace conteined in the book which some reproach had they not disowned them they might have had their part in this just Vindication against them that accuse the Non-conformists Principles of Enmity to Love and Peace But they would have no part in it and have cast away their own vindication and so have confirmed their accusers and tempted them to believe that some Non-conformists are indeed such as they described But I must again intreat them to distinguish Many sects go under the name of Nonconformists from whom we differ incomparably more than we do from the Conformists as the Quakers Seekers Bâ—hmenists and some others We are none of those men that because we all suffer together under the Prelacy do therefore more close with these than with the Conformists with whom in doctrine and the substance of worship we agree But because it is their own resolved choice to disown the Principles and Vindication of that book I shall only say I. To our Accusers It is not these Dividers which we Vindicate that will not stand to our Vindication II. To posterity whose historical Information of the truth of matters in this age I much desire If you would know what sort of men they are that these times call sectaries and Dividers or separatists I will give you but their own Character of themselves that you may be sure I wrong them not Peruse the book called The Cure of Church-Divisions for they are persons so contrary to that book as that they take it to be an evil and mischievous thing and greatly to be lamented and detested in so much that some of them say It had been well if the Author had dyed ten years ago and others that this book hath done more harm than ever he did good in all his life So intolerable is it to them to have their Love-killing and dividing principles so much as thus contradicted while they cry out against the Imposing spirit of others The measure of their distaste against these Principles of Love and Unity I leave you to gather out of the exceptions which I am now to answer CAP. 2. The true state as the Controversie between me and those whom I call Church-Dividers BEcause the Excepter carrieth it all along as if he understood not what I say or would not have his Reader understand it I must state the Case as it standeth between us for the sake of them that love not to be deceived nor to be angry at they know not what Know therefore that the design of the Writer of that Book was to restore Love and Unity among Christians which he saw decaying and almost dying through the temptation of our sufferings from some and our differences with others and through the sidings of parties and through the passions which conquer some mens judgements and the hy 〈…〉 e of others who place their Religion in their sidings and in the forms or fashions of the words of their prayers or the circumstances of outward Worship And to acquaint Christians with the wiles of Satan who would kill their Grace by killing their Love whilst they think they do but preserve their Purity And to open to them the secret windings of the Serpent and the workings of Pride and Wrath and Selfishness against the works of Love and Peace And to shew them the great deceitfulness of mans heart which often fighteth against God as for God by fighting against Love and Unity and which oft loseth all by seeming to overcome and forsaketh Religion by seeming valiant for it And I especially intreat the Reader to note that I said much more about Principles than Practices Because I know that as to Communion with this or that Church mâ—ns practices may vary upon accidental and prudential accounts of which I pretend not to be a Judge And therefore I first speak against Love killing Principles and then against such Practices only as either proceed from such Principles or increase them If I see a man stay from Church as I know not his reasons so I judge him not unless as he doth it upon sinful causes and especially if he would propagate those Causes to others and justifie them to be of God when they are against him And whereas Hatred and Enmity worketh by driving men from each others Societies as wicked or intolerable and Love worketh by inclining men to Union and Communion and again mens distance increaseth the Enmity which caused it and their nearness and familiarity increaseth Love and reconcileth them I did therefore think it a matter of great necessity to our welfare to counsel men to all lawful nearness and Communion and to disswade them from all unnecessary alienation and separation from each other Let the Reader also understand that in this my purpose was not to condemn mens separation from the Parish Churches only nor more than any other sinful separation But from any true Church of Christians whatsoever when uncharitable Principles drive them away Whether it be from Presbyterians Independents Anabaptists Arminians Lutherans c. Only because that those I deal most with make most exceptions against Communion with the Parish Churches I bestowed most words in answering such exceptions Therefore
observe 1. That it is none of our Question Whether you should Communicate with the Parish Churches alone and no other 2. Nor Whether you should Communicate with every Parish Church or any one whose Pastors are through insufficiency heresie or impiety intolerable which I have written against Dir. 36. p. 202 c. 3. Nor Whether we may hold local Communion in Worship with a Church which denyeth us such Communion unless we will sin This I have oft enough denyed p. 203 c. 4. Nor Whether caeteris paribus local Communion with a purer and better Church be not ordinarily to be preferred before local Communion with a worse which I assert p. 203 c. 5. Nor Whether a man be a Separatist from another Church meerly because he is not locally present with it For then when I am in one Church I separate from all other in the world 6. Nor Whether it be lawful to remove ones dwelling for Communion with a better Minister and Church supposing that we are free p. 204. 7. Nor Whether it be lawful to remove to a better Church without removing ones dwelling in a place where another Church is near to which we may go without any publick injury or hurt to our selves or others which is greater than the benefit pag. 204. 8. Nor Whether we may remove both from Church and Countrey by the occasions of our Callings or Trades or other outward weighty reasons pag. 298. 9. Nor Whether we may keep in Communion privately with our lawful Pastors if they be turned out of the publick Temples Which I have asserted pag. 299. and have said that where the Pastor is there the Church is in whatever place they do assemble p. 250. which Dr. Hide also thought when he began his Book with an assertion of the necessity of separating then from the publick places And so did other Prelatists then and so think the Papists now and most other parties 10. Nor is it any of our Question Whether you should have Communion with a Diocesan Church as such It is a Parochial Church with such others that I spake of and never a word of a Diocesan Church 11. Therefore it is none of the Question Whether you must own our Diocesan Bishops 12. Nor yet Whether you must have Communion with any thing called A National Church as a Political Society constituted of an Ecclesiastical Head and Body and denominated from that form â—r Constitutive Head Though we must own a National Church as it is improperly so denominated from the King that is the Civil Head accidental and not Constitutive to the Spiritual Church And as it is a Community of Christians and a part of the Universal Church united by the Concord of her Pastors who in Synods may represent the whole Ministry and be the means of their agreement 13. Nor is it the Question Whether you must needs hold Communion with those individual Bishops whom you account the Persecutors and Causes of our silence and confusions I have told you in the Story of Martin how he separated from the Synods of thâ—se individual Bishops and from their local Communion without separating from the Office the Churches or from any other Bishops This is a matter that I did not meddle with because it is not their Communion that you are called to but the Parish Churches Indeed to save mâ—ns lives he did yield to the Emperour once to communicate with them But saith Sulp. Severus â—iâ—l 3. p. Bib. Paâ— 254. Summa vi Episcopis nitentibus ut communionem illâ—m subscriptione firmaret extorqueri non potuit And the Angel that appeared to him said Merito Martine compungeris sed aliter exiâ—e nequiâ—ti repara virtutem resume Constantiam nâ— jam non periculum gloriae sed salutis incuâ—reris Ita ab illo tempore satis cavit cum illa Iâ—haâ—ianae partis Communione misâ—â—ri And after finding his power of Miracles abated with tears he conâ—essed to Sulpit. That propter Communionis illius malum cui se vel puncto temporis necessitate non Spiritu misâ—â—isset dâ—trimentum sâ—etire virtutis Sâ—dâ—â—im pâ—sâ—ea vixit annos nullam Synodum adiit ab omnibus Episcâ—porum Conveâ—â—ibus se remâ—vit But this was only from those Bishops who by provoking Magistrates against the Priscillian Gnosticks had brought all strict Religious people under scorn But he separated not from any others 14. Nay I made it none of our Question Whether you should Communicate with any Parish Minister who concurreth with theâ— in the said matters whiâ—h yâ—u â—â—cuse the Bishops of aâ—y farther than by Câ—â—â—orming to the Laâ— For it is but few o◠〈◊〉 Parish Ministers that were Convâ—cation Men or that you can prove did ever consent to our silencing 15. Nor is it any of the Question Whether those also be guilty of separation and divisions whâ— shall make unnecessary Engines of division and â—â—y upon the neâ—ks of any Churches such unnecessary things as have a tendency to divide Who hath said more against this than I have done 16. Nor is it any of our Question Which of the two is the greater cause of divisâ—â—â—s or which of the foresaid persons is mâ—â—t 〈◊〉 Who hath spoken plainlier in this than I Iâ— the Brother that excepteth would maâ—â— you believe that any one of these is the 〈◊〉 iâ— you believe him he doth but deceiive you But whom I mean by Sâ—paratiâ—â— I havâ— plaâ—ly told you pag. 249. 2â—0 c. ☞ And that which I perswade men to is this 1. To love all Christians as themselves 2. To hold nothing and do nothing which is contrary to this Love and would destroy it 3. Therefore to deny no Christians to be Christians nor no Churches to be Churches nor no lawful Worship of any Mâ—de or Party to be lawfull 4. Not to sepâ—â—ate from any others upon any of these three false suppositions or accusations viz. 1. As no true Christians 2. As no true Churches 3. As having no true Worship or as worshipping so as it is not lawful to joyn with them 5. To choose the most edifying Ministry and the soundest Church and purest manner of worshipping God that possibly you can have on lawful terms as to your ordinary use and Communion so far as you are free to choose 6. To joyn with a defective faulty true Church ordinarily and in a manner of Worship which is defective when you can have no better on lawful terms as without the publick injury or your own greater hinderance than help And I prove that this is the worst that you can charge as to this matter of Communion on those Parish Churches in England that have honest compâ—tent Pastors and the same others charge on the Churches of Independents and Anabaptists And that it is a duty to hold communion with any one of thâ—se constantly when you can have no better 7. That if you can statedly have better yet sometimes to Communicate with a defective Church as a stranger may do that is
it be remembred that we never Vowed that God should not bring us back to the same case which had been blasphemy And therefore it had been bad enough if we had vowed not to do what was our duty in that state if God should return us to it 2. I earnestly intreat the doubting Reader that thinketh his duty and the Churches peace to be worth so much labour but to read over some of the old Non-conformists books against separation And if you there find the very same objections answered or more and greater than judge your selves whether their case and ours was as to this cause the same The books I would desire you to read are Mr. Iacobs the Independent against Iohnson Mr. Bradshaws against Iohnson with Mr. Gatakers defence of it against Canne Mr. Gifford Mr. Darrel Mr. Paget Mr. Hildersham Dr. Ames Mr. Cartwright Mr. Brightman and last of all and fulliest at the beginning of our troubles Mr. Iohn Ball in three books But of this having spoken already I shall repeat no more but only to profess my judgement that our ordinary boasters that think they know more in this Controversie than the old Non-conformists did as far as I am able to discern are as far below them almost as they are below either Chamier Sadeel Whitaker or such others in dealing with a Papist which of them can say that about Episcopacy as Gersom Bucer Didoclaue Blondell Salmasius have done and so of the rest QUEST IIII. Quest. 4. IS it not a shameful receding from our Reformation now to use an unreformed Liturgie and a pulling down of what we have been building Answ. 1. It is not fit here to enquire who it is that hath pulled down and destroyed Reformation though it be easie to discern it But this is certain that God hath set up the Government that is over us and that our Governours take down by their Laws that which we accounted Reformation This is not our worke but theirs And that they permit us not otherwise publickly to worship God And that a man in Goal doth ordinarily joyn in no publick worship at all And where men do venture on other manner of worship in forbidden assemblies the fears of some and the passionate discontent of others and the disturbances by souldiers and officers and such like do take off much of the edification and hinder us from such a frame of mind as is most agreeable to the work and day And to worship God no where is to go farther from Reformation than to worship him by the Liturgie 2. To do it of choice is one thing and to do it as a duty put upon us by Gods providence and our Governours when we can do no better is another thing It is God that hath pulled down our liberty and opportunity to serve him otherwise and we must obey him It is no faulty mutability to change our practice when God by changing our condition doth change our duty No more than it was in Paul who to the Jews became a Jew and circumcised Timothy and shaved his head for his Vow c. and became all things to all men And no more than it was in Augustine who professeth that he would worship God as to formes and ceremonies according as the Church did with which he joyned where ever he came Nor no more than it is in a traveller or merchant to joyn in several Countries in several fashions and ceremonies or rites of outward worship QUEST V. Quest. 5. WIll it not strengthen and encourage the adversaries of Reformation Answ. 1. We must not make such carnal policies our guides as to forbear that which God doth make our duty for fear of encouraging other men If we take this to be uncharitable factiousness in others to desire rather all these distractions in the Church than that the Non-conformists should be encouraged and strengthned by seeming to have justly desired a Reformation let us not be guilty of what we blame 2. If you will believe themselves it is the unwilling Conformists that they are most in danger of who profess that they conform of necessity and desire a Reformation As Dr. William Smith hath shewed in a book written to that end The Assembly of Westminster that set up the Presbytery were such Conformists 3. It is sinful pride and tenderness of their own honour which maketh some men avoid their duty and wrathfully grudge at them that speak for it because those that are against them thence take occasion to insult over them or reproach them If men do but say you are now turncòats and time servers and where is your reformation now and you are now glad to do as we do they think this reason enough why they should forbear that Communion and worship which is their duty Are these beseeming self denying humble persons Could they suffer death for their duty sake that cannot bear a little reproach for it Object If we knew it were our duty we would suffer for it Answ. But is it not this very suffering and reproach and insulting of others which maketh you think that it is not your duty And so carnal persons use to do They will believe nothing to be their duty which they must suffer by Let Gods honour be all to you and your own be nothing and you will not much stick at such things as these QUEST VI. Quest. 6. BUT will not this course divide us among our selves while one goeth to the Parish Churches and another doth not Answ. 1. Mr. Tombes did not stick at dividing the Anabaptists when he wrote for Parish Communion And Mr. Philip Nye did not stick at the fear of dividing the Independents when he wrote a M. S. as I am credibly informed for the hearing of the Parish Preachers though another wrote against it presently after And if an ordinary attendance on their publick doctrine be lawful this will go further than many think to prove the rest of the Communion lawful 2. We are already so far divided in our judgements as for one to hold it to be lawful and another to be unlawful And who can cure this division And why should it divide us more if mens practice be according to their judgements rather than for them to sin against their Consciences 3. The great thing in which we differ from the Prelatists yea and Papists too is that we would have our Union laid only upon Necessary things and liberty and Charity maintained in the rest And shall we now contradict our selves and say that things necessary are not sufficient for our union Cannot we hold union among our selves if some go to the publick assemblies and some do not What is this but to have the imposing domineering Spirit which we speak so much against We cannot better confute the uncharitable dividing Spirit of the world than by shewing them that we can hold Love and Union notwithstanding as great differences as this yea and much greater QUEST VII Quest. 7. SHall we not hereby
never did any thing against the King nor medled with Wars For two Months I did something there to little purpose and once got my father out of Prison by causing another to be seized to redeem him but I never took Commission Office or pay all that time I never entred into the Army till after Nasâ—by fight and openly declared I went thither for this purpose To discharge my Conscience in disswâ—â—ing the Souldiers from the Overturning of the Government and to have turned them from the purpose which I perceived among them of doing what afterwards they did If you and others that know not what they talk of will but ask Dr. Brian Dr. Grew Mr. King or others whom assembled I twice consulted about it or any Survivers of the Coventry Committee what business I went on into the Army you will change your mind And did no man whatsoever do more than this What not the Parliament themselves Not any of the chief Speakers there Not any of their acquaintance What not any of the other party neither Not any of the Armies neither of the Earl of Essex nor of Cromwel himself How then came the Armies on both sides to be raised and proceed so far in Wars before ever I saw one man of them to my remembrance or any Parliament man or Souldier had ever spake with me or saw me or ever had a line of writing from me Why do you find none of my Parliament Sermons in Print 4. But if indeed I was as guilty as you mention why is it in me a most unbecoming practice to blame that which you think I did occasion Is this good Divinity that it is unbecoming a Minister to mention heinous sin with bitterness which we have bin guilty of How then shall we repent Or is Repentance an unbecoming thing I hope the Act of Oblivion was not made to frustrate Gods Act of Oblivion which giveth Pardon to the Penitent Doth it forbid us to Repent of sin or to perswade our brethren to repent Where sin is hated Repentance will not be hated And if sin were as bitter as it must be Reproof would not be bitter 5. Do you think that you Preach sound Doctrine when you say that None ought to blame the effects who gave rise and encouragement to the Cause If this Doctrine be part of Gods worship which you offer him who should be avoided as a false worshipper that is a false teacher sooner than your self What a scandal is it to the world and dishonour to your self that such Doctrine should be found thus under your hand deliberately delivered If this be true then he that first encouraged the War on either side must not blame any of the Murders Robberies or other Villanies therein committed Then he that hired the French man to set London on Fire must not blame the burning of it Then a man ought not to blame any sin which ever he was a cause of Then when a man hath once sinned he must despair and never must repent nor blame his crime If you had found such Doctrine as this in the Common Prayer Book you would have had a fowler charge against it than now you have as to Doctrinals Which I mention but to shew you that if we must run away from one another for every thing that is unsound we shall never have done and others must avoid you as much as you do them 6. But your deceit in the word That War hath a transparent covering Which War is it that you mean Do you think all that is done in one land or one age or by one Army is one War Where there are several causes especially if also several parties sure they are several Wars The first War was made under the Earl of Essex when the Commissions run for the King and Parliament The second War begun under Fairfax and Cromwell when for the King was left out of the Commissions Another War was by Cromwell against the Londoners and Parliament when he garbelled them though it came not to blows Another War was against the Scots Army and the English that rose for the Kings Deliverance Another was in Ireland Another in Scotland Another between Cromwel and the Levellers And many others there were afterwards under several Usurping Powers And do you call all these one or which of them do you mean 7. I suppose you grosly call the meer consequents the effects Sure that which was the Effect of a later War might be but the Consequent of a former Or else you must say that the Parliament raised War against themselves to pull down themselves and set up a Protector This was the Consequent of their first War but whether the effect I leave to Logicians to determine But by this you may see that you again preach false doctrine The King may give rise and encouragement to a War and yet may lawfully blame such Consequents as you call effects What if the Kings own Army should plunder and murder and blaspheme and depopulate yea or depose or hurt or any way injure the King himself Shall a man that separateth from the Liturgie as false worship come and tell us that the King ought not to blame any of this because he gave rise and encouragement to the War Extremities and Passion do thus unhappily use to blind men 8. But seriously Brother I beseech you let us review the Effects you mention or respect Is it possible for any sober Christian in the World to take them to be blameless or to be little sins What! both the violating the person and life of the King And the Change of the fundamental Government or Constitution And an Armies force upon the Parliament which they promised obedience to First upon eleven members next upon the greater part of the house and lastly upon the remainder The taking down the house of Lords The setting up a Parliament without the peoples Choice or Consent The invading and Conquering Scotland The making their General Protector The making an Instrument of Government themselves without the people The setting up their second Protector The forcing him to dissolve the Parliament The pulling him down whom themselves had lately set up The setting up the remnant of the Commons again The pulling them presently down again The placing the Supremacy in a Council of themselves and their adherents Was all this lawful And to do all this as for God with dreadful appeals to him Dare you or any man not blinded and hardened justifie all this If none of all this was Rebellion or Treason or Murder is there any such Crime think you possible to be committed Are Papists insulting over us in our shame Are thousands hardened by these and such like dealings into a scorn of all Religion Are our Rulers by all this exasperated to the severities which we feel Are Ministers silenced by the occasion of it about eighteen hundred at once even many hundreds that never were in any Wars and such as
consented not to this at all Are we made by it the by-word and hissing of the Nations and the shame and pitty of all our friends And yet is all this to be justified or silenced and name of it at all to be openly repented of I openly profess to you that I believe till this be done we are never like to be healed and restored and that it is heinous gross impenitence that keepeth Ministers and people under their distress And I take it for the sad Prognostick of our future woe and at best our lengthened affliction to read such writings against Repentance and to hear so little open profession of Repentance even for unquestionable heinous crimes for the saving of those that are undone by these scandals and for the reparation of the honour of Religion which is most notoriously injured To see men still think that their Repentance is the dishonour of their party and Cause whose honour can no other way be repaired To see men so blind as to think that the silencing of these things will hide them as if they were not known to the World That man or party that will justifie all these heinous Crimes and still plead Conscience or Religion for them doth grievous injury to Conscience and Religion I have told you truly in the book which is bitter to you that Gods way of vindicating the honour of Religion is for us by open free Confession to take all the shame to our selves that it be not injuriously cast upon Religion And the Devils way of preserving the honour of the Godly is by justifying their sins and pleading Religion for them that so Religiousness it self may be taken to be hypocrisie and wickedness as maintaining and befriending wickedness For my own part I thought when I wasted my strength and hazarded my life in the Army against these fore-named Crimes and afterwards preached and wrote against them so openly and so many years that I had not been so much guilty of them as you here affirm But if I was I do openly confess that if I lay in sackcloth and in tears and did lament my sins before the World beg pardon both of God and man and intreat all men not to impute it to Religion but to me and to take warning by my fall which had done such unspeakable wrong to Christ and men I should do no more than the plain light of nature assureth me to be my great and needful duty EXCEPT II. ib. There is daily much greater prophaneness and the Consequent of prophaneness Immorality acted by those 4 whom yet Mr. Baxter never mentioneth but with honour As if no sins or miscarriages were to be blamed but theirs who are unable to defend themselves Answ. 1. IF this were true I were much too blame it being the very usage of others against my self which I have great reason to complain of 2. But if it was possible for you to believe your own words that I never mention them but with honour I shall think that there are few things that you may not possibly believe Reader if thou peruse the book and yet believe this Author I am not capable of satisfying thee in this nor will I undertake it in any thing else Are these terms of honour Pref. p. 18. How long Lord must thy Church and Cause be in the hands of unexperienced furious fools c. Do I honour them when I so much display their sin And when in the scheme in the conclusion I describe it And when I tell you of many of such Ministers and that it is a duty to separate from them or disown them And when in the history of Martin I tell you how neer it I am my self as to such as Martin separated from And when I cite Gildas calling such no Ministers but enemies and traytors c. Were you not very rash in this 3. But what if in this book I write neither against the prophane nor the Iews nor the Mahometans Is it nothing that I have written the greater part of above fifty books besides against them 4. What if there be Prophaneness to be reproved doth it sollow that we must not be reproved also Must we not repent because they must repent 5. O how hard is it to please all men What man in Eagland hath been less suspected to be a flatterer of such as he moaneth than my self or more accused of the contrary that hath any reputation of ministerial sobriety Ask the Bishops that Conferred with us at the Savoy 1660 Ask your self that read our Reply then Ask any that ever did Converse with me whether ever I was suspected of flattery or dawbing with men sins 6. But seeing you so far honour me as to vindicate me from other mens accusations I shall confess that it is my judgement both that we should honour all men 1 Pet. 2. 17. especially our superiors and also that in our eyes a vile person should be contemned while we honour them that fear the Lord Psal. 15. 4. EXCEPT III. He alloweth himself a great and masterly liberty to call his brethren fierce self-conceited dividers feaverish persons c. Answ. IF there be none such or but a few I will joyfully confess my error But if all ages of the Church have had such and if this Kingdom have been so troubled by such as all men know and if they yet live in this sin to their own trouble and ours why should it be contrary to meekness to mention it Should I hate my Brother in suffering sin to lie upon him Every paragraph almost inviteth me to remember Christs words to the two fierie Disciples and to say O how hard is it to know what manner of spirit we are of Tell me Reader whether this be not true that if I had called the Bishops sacrilegious silencers of a faithful Ministry murderers of many hundred thousand souls perjurious proud tyrannical covetous formal hypocrites malignant haters of good men c. I might not very easily have come off with many of these angry brethren without any blame for want of Meekness Nay whether they would not have liked it as my zeal when as such a gentle touch upon themselves doth intollerably hurt them Is there not gross partialitie in this Note also that these brethren that plead for Libertie do call it a masterly Libertie in me thus to name their faults And do you think that they would not have silenced my book if it had been in their power Note then whether the silencing imperious Spirit be not common to both extreams EXCEPT Ib. He useth the same frothy and unsavoury words that others prophane Prayer and the name of God by and which at the best is that foolish talking or jesting which we are commanded not so much as to mention Eph. 5. 3 4. Answ. THE words are I am only perswading all dissenters to Love one another and to forbear but all that is contrary to love And if such
the truth which I assert which is as plain for it as can well be spoken The whole Chapter shewing that the weake brother that Paul speaketh of was one that with Conscience of the Idol did eate it as a thing offered to an Idol and their Conscience being weak was defiled ver 7. 9 And it is one whose Conscience is emboldened or confirmed to eate those things which are offered to idols and thereby he may perish ver 10 11. And it is he that is not displeased but made to offend And the scandalizing which Paul would avoid is called becoming a stumbling to them that are weak ver 9. Emboldening to that heinous sin ver 10. Making a brother to offend v. 13. twice over Is this think you displeasing the innocent or rather tempting those that are apt to sin and confirming the faulty Read what Dr. Hammond saith of their weakness and what 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifieth there and then further tell me 1. Whether you mean such weak ones that you would not have me offend 2. Whether those that are most displeased with us for Communion in the Liturgie be such as you will say are most in danger of yielding to sin 3. Whether you would do as Paul doth Call those weak brethren who to that day did eate in Idols temples and that as a thing offered to idols 4. Whether Paul commanded the Corinthians to separate from the Church because such men were in their Communion 5. Whether Paul himself in communicating with that Church did not that which you write against 6. Whether by this rule we should not take heed most of scandalizing those Christians that are aptest to sin 7. Whether this text which you so abuse well considered is not sufficient against all your Cause and for that which I maintain EXCEPT XIII p. 6. Answered Here is nothing but 1. His saying that He may well doubt of the truth of what I report viz. whether any or many faithful Ministers would so reproach their people and their honourable name which is upon them as to call them pievish and self conceited Christians Answ. 1. Are there any such Christians or not 2. If they are should their fault be healed or cherished 3. If healed should it be reproved or concealed But I will answer this further anon when it comes in again 2. He doubts not but those that thus complained to me expected so much prudence and faithfulness in me as to conceal their Complaints and not vent them now when the state of affairs is so much altered Answ. Here are two untruths implied 1. That these complaints were only made in secret with an expectation that not only the persons but the case it self should be concealed But how did he know this Might not many of them be men that since conform and make the same complaint now openly Yes I could name you more than one such Might not some be such as have done the same in print themselves Yes Old Mr. Rob. Abbot was one who after removed to Austins London and died there before Mr. Ash. If you will but read his book against separation you will see thathe silenced not such matters but hath said more than ever you are able well to answer 2. It is not true that these Complaints were only made before the state of affairs was altered for I have oft heard it since with greater sense of it than ever before Nor is it any dishonour to a Minister not to be ignorant of Satans wiles The more they know them the liker they are to overcome them 3. In his conclusion are two more mistakes but because they are prophetical I will not count them with the grossest The first is that he hopes that hereafter all that fear God will be very careful how they make any complaint unto a Person The Second who will take the next worst occasion to revile a whole innocent and Godly Party by a malicious publishing of it Whereas 1. Since the writing of his book I have had complaints against such as he by many that fear God 2. And he cannot prove what he prophesieth I will do But yet two more untruths are implied in the prophesie 1. That I will revile a whole Innocent Godly suffering Party when I protested I meant no particular party but those of every party Episcopal Presbyterian Independent Anabaptist c. who through want of Love are aptest causelesly to condemn their brethren and avoid them unless he will call all the Ignorant Proud and Uncharitable of all parties by the name of a whole Godly suffering party 2. That I will revile them maliciously unless he mean that writing for Love and Unity is a malicious act against Satan and his Kingdom EXCEPT XIV Hereafter I must number them for he is weary of it Answered This hath little worthy observation but his 12th Untruth viz. that by mentioning the separatist as a distinct body of men from the Antinomian Quaker and Anabaptist it is evident I can mean no other but my Presbyterian and Congregational brethren which he follows with An Appeal to God against this Slanderer and earnestly prayeth that he would please to rebuke him Whether this earnest prayer be a Curse and whether it be like to that rule to pray for them that curse us and whether this brother himself doth not in these very words put his error into his earnest prayer even in print and so verifie what he would so vehemently gainsay to say nothing of the Common fame in London that he that is famed to be the Author of these Exceptions kept a day of Humiliation about me and my book I leave to the Readers observation And also whether this earnest prayer or Curse and this bold Appeal to God be not prophane and rather a fruit of passion than charitable zeal And whether he here knew what spirit he was of But to his Untruth I answer 1. I protested openly that my meaning was not what he affirmeth it to be And could he know it better than I 2. An Antinomian and Anabaptist as such are distinct from Separatists as such But doth it follow that therefore they may not be Separatists also that are Antinomians and Anabaptists Though the Errors whence the Sects are denominated be various 3. I have long ago in many books told the Papists that I mean them as the Chief Schismaticks and Sect and Dr. Hide for the first page of his book what I thought of him And the Lutherans that so resist all the endeavours of Dury Calixtus Bergius Lud. Crocius and many more in refusing Communion with the Calvinists that I mean them And here I profess that I mean no other party of men at all but the Dividers of all parties whatsoever even in the beginning of my Preface And yet alas brother did you not tremble first to publish so gross an Untruth and when you had done to ground your Appeal to God and earnest prayer against me upon it
Consequences on your person but it 's easie to see that it will follow from this opinion that Christ was a sinner and consequently no Saviour and so no Christ. Alas whither would you carry the people of the Lord Nor do you prove Paul's Case to be like this Eating at the sacrifiâ—â—s in the Idols Temples was visible Corporal Idolatry forbidden indeed in the second Commandement as Idolatry interpretative visible external corporeal It was that very Act by which an Idol was outwardly worshipped Therefore it was a Professing-act interpretatively Symbolizing with Idolaters I have told you is Professing for a Symbole is a Professing sign But he that is present with a Church professing to worship not an Idol but the true God and that according to the Scripture and is united to the Church only in this profession doth not by so doing Profess Consent to a Ministers ill wording or methodizing of his Prayers or his Sermons which is the work of his own office 2. As for your charge of Blasphemy c. on me for intreating you to take heed lest you blaspheme by making Gods foreknowing of faults to signifie an approbation I pass it by and will not by so frivolous a return be drawn to enter further on that point EXCEPT XXII p. 13. Answered Whether it be bitterness fierceness fury or proud impatience to reprove these sins in an instance which your self presume not to contradict And whether the opinion that no truth is to be silenced for peace be fit for judicious peaceable men to own or be not fit to be gain-said I have long ago debated in my book of Infant-Baptisme pag. 218. EXCEPT XXIII p. 13. Answered If you dissent why did you answer none of the six Reasons I gave for what I said nor seem to take notice of them But only when I say It were easie to instance in unseasonable and imprudent words of truth spoken to Princes which have raised persecutions of long continuance ruined Churches caused the death of multitudes c. Upon which you put four questions To which I answer 1. The flattery of some will not justifie the sinful imprudence of others 2. If you should be guilty of the blood of thousands by one sin will it excuse you that another was more guilty 3. Elijah Micaiah and Iohn Baptist spake not unseasonably or imprudently Nor is all imprudent that bringeth suffering or death 4. Gospel Ministers may follow them that spake prudently but unseasonable and imprudent speaking is not following them I have recited elsewhere a saying even of Dr. Th. Iackson that It is not because great men have not sins and wrath enough that there are no more Martyrs under Christian Rulers but because there be not John Baptists enough to tell them of them to that sense But either by all this you mean to defend unseasonable and imprudent speaking or else you mean that there is no such sin or else you must needs contend where you consent If it be the first or third I will not be so imprudent as to sence with you If the second it is gross contradiction of reason and morality and of Christ himself Matth. 7. 6. 1 Tim. 2. 11 12. 1 Cor. 14. 28. 34. Amos 5. 13. Eccl. 3. 7. EXCEPT XXIV p. 14. He hath found out a new Cause of Separation and such as we doubt not the Pope will thank him for when he saies Almost all our contentions and divisions are caused by the ignorance and injudiciousness of Christians For it is evident that our contentions at this day are principally if not wholly caused by the pride impertinencie and tyranny of imposers which guilt Mr. Baxter would ease them of by charging it on the ignorance and injudiciousness of Christians Answ. These last words are your 17th Untruth 1. Where have I said a word to ease them of it May not two persons or parties be both guilty of Division Yea if one were guilty wholly that is of the whole yet he may not be guilty solely and no one with him 2. Have you or any of your party done so much to have stopt that cause of divisions which you accuse as I have done And did I ever change my mind 3. O that God would make you know what spirit you are of and what you are doing Alas brother will you leave England no hope of a Cure What hope while we are impenitent What Repentance while we justifie our sins Yea while the Preachers teach the people to justifie them and become the defenders of the sins which they should preach against and fight against their brethren that do but call mâ—n to â—â—pâ—nt What! is Godliness up and in honour among us while Repentance is down as an intolerable abhorred thing What a Godliness is that which abhorreth Repentance I am offended greatly with my own heart that melteth not into tears over such lines as thâ—se for England's sake and for Religions sake For the honour of God and for the souls of men Is that a new Cause of separation which hath been the Cause since the daies of the Apostles to this day Did ever man read the histories of the Schismes and Heresies of the Churches and not find out this Cause this old this ordinary Cause If you had remembred but what Socrates and Sozomene say of the Church of Alexandria alone what contentions what tumults what blood-shed these weaknesses and faults of Christians caused it might have told you it is no new thing O lamentable case of miserable England that even among the zealouser sort of Ministers any should be found that either vindicateth all Christians from the charge of Ignorance and Injudiciousness Or that thinketh these are no Causes or no culpabie Causes of divisions That have no more acquaintance with the people of this land And know no better them that they plead for That such should seek to flatter poor souls in despite of that open light and undeniable 〈◊〉 of all the Christian World That in an age when the weaknesses and faults of Christians have wrought such heinous effects among us they should be denied And when God by judgements hath so terribly summoned us to repent by silencing dissipations imprisonments reproaches and most dreadful plagues and flames alas shall we call to professors that have ruined us by Ignorance and Injudiciousness the gentlest names that their sin will bear and say Repent not Christians you are not ignorant or injudicious It is not you that are the causes of our divisions and calamities Our Contentions at this day are principally if not wholly caused by the pride impertinency and tyranny of the Imposers Believe not Christians that you are innocent Believe not that you are not ignorant and injudicious as you love your souls and as you love the land If once God deliver us up to Antichristian darkness and cruelties it will be cold comfort to you to think that you once were flattered into impenitency and made believe that you were not
slowly they come on in knowledge 3. If God have made it one half the work of the Pastors of the Churches to labour all their daies to heal the Ignorance of good people then such Ignorant ones there are But the antecedent is plain in Scripture and believed by most Ministers as their daily Sermons tell you 4. Do not the multitudes of Sects and Errors and Contentions that have torn the Church from the Apostles daies till now prove it Were all those in the Catalogues of Epiphanius Augustine Philastrius c. Certainly graceless Or were none of them Ignorant and Injudicious And though Church-tyranny be a grand Divider that this was not the only Cause two instances prove to the great disgrace of this assertion of his First the instance of the said sects of Christians for the first 300 or 400 years when there were no such Impositions Secondly our late twenty years or neer contentions and divisions and numerous parties when there were little or no impositions Was it impositions or tyranny that bred sects in the Armies and in England and Ireland in the daies of liberty 5. And is it not sufficient proof to England that there are weak ignorant injudicious Christians when the ruines of twenty years experience overwhelmeth us and when so many years unreconcilable differences prove i And when we have so many sects and differences to this day What all these differences these wars these disputings these censurings divisions and confusions and yet no Ignorant Injudioious Christians O what will pass for proof with them that will not take such experience for proof 6. And what say you by all the Greek the Abassine Armenian Nestorian Iacobite c. Christians that are alas in National general Ignorance Which will you affirm Brother That all these Nations are damnable Infidels or no Christians Or that there are no Ignorant Christians among them 7. And what say you by all the Contentions of Lutherans and Calvinists Arminians and Antiarminians the troubles of Germany by Muntzer and his Anabaptists and those at Munster and those in Holland and many other Countreys 8. And what say you by all the books now extant Dr. Crispes Mr. Saltmarshes Cop's Mr. Cradocks Mr. Dels Mr. Dens Mr. Randalls Iacob Behmens and all the Germane Prophets Andr. Osiander Swenkfieldius c. Is there no Christianity or no ignorance and injudiciousness apparent in them Besides all the writings of Episenpal Presbyterian Independents Separatists Anabaptists c. against one another 9. Do you not think your self that multitudes of Conformists yea Ministers are Ignorant and Injudicious Sure you do And can you judge them all to be no Christians 10. Do you not think that I am Ignorant and Injudicious If not you must not only think that I am no Christian but also extreamly maliciously wicked But if you do so think of me can you think so of all the non-Conformable Ministers of my judgement I am sure if you believe your self and as you write Ignorance is the easiest charge we can expect from you 11. And will you put sorth such a book as your own to the World and when you have done deny the Ignorance and Injudiciousness of all Christians This is all one as to swear that there is never a swearer among Christians 12. I appeal to the common Charges of Ministers in their Sermons and books who charge weak Christians with dulness ignorance and injudiciousness 13. I appeal to the experience of all Masters of Families whether they meet with no such Christians there Yea how hard it is to meet with better 14. I appeal to the experience of every self-knowing Christian whether he find not abundance of dulness ignorance and injudiciousness in himself 15. I appeal to the prayers of almost all Christians whether they charge not themselves with this to God 16. I appeal to almost all the disagreeing disputers of this and every age whether they charge not one another with it 17. I appeal to most Parishes in England whether many of the people charge not their Ministers themselves with it 18 I appeal to Universities Tutors and Schools whether they know none such 19. I appeal to any judicious man whether he find not the judicious even among good Christians yea and Ministers to be alas too rare 20. And I appeal to all men that are awake whether there be no Christian children in the World And whether all such children are cured of Ignorance and Injudiciousness and know all things by the anointing of the Spirit And if all this be no proof it is time to give over teaching and disputing And now that if perhaps you may repent and others be preserved I shall tell you what nature this sinful doctrine and practice is of 1. It is a cherishing of Pride which is the first-born of the Devil Yea of spiritual Pride even a Pride of mens Knowledge and Iudiciousness which is worse than Pride of wealth or ornaments 2. Hereby it resisteth a great work of the Gospel and Spirit of Christ which consisteth in the humbling of souls and making them become as little children conscious of Ignorance and teachable 3. It defendeth that sin which all experienced judicious men complain of as that common calamity of mankind which is the grand cause of contentions and errors in the World Which is mens thinking that they know what they do not and over-valuing their own understandings thinking that they are wise when it is otherwise 4. It contradicteth the Holy Ghost and reproveth his language and reproofs as I have before shewed To which I adde 2 Tim. 3. 6 7. They lead captive silly women laden with sins led away with divers lusts ever learning and never able to come to the knowledge of the truth 1 Cor. 15. Where Paul is put to prove the Resurrection ver 34. Some have not the knowledge of God I speak this to your shame ver 36. Thou fool that which thou sâ—west c. Hos. 9. 7. The Prophet is a fool the spiritual man is mad c. 1 Cor. 3. 18. Let him become a fool that he may be wise If you say that some of these were not true Saints I answer 1. Paul calleth the Church of Corinth in general Saints 2. Our question is of more than true Saints even such as may by others who are no heart-searchers be called Christians whether we may call any dull ignorant or injudicious Christians 5. You teach Parents and Masters to neglect and betray the souls of their children and servants that are Christians And children and servants to reject the teaching of Parents and Masters For if they are not dull nor ignorant what need they to be taught or to learn And at what age do they come to know all things and to be past the title of Ignorant Is it at 4 or 5 or 7 years old Doubtless they may have the spirit then If not where is it that you will set the bounds At what age were you past
being fit for the sacrament c. to be admitted and go in the Congregational way pag. 42. they cite Cotton Holin of Chur. Mem. p. 92. saying Neither among us doth irregeneration alone keep any from Church-fellowship with us unless it be accompanied with such fruits as are openly scandalous and de convincingly manifest irregeneration They prudently tell us p. 45. that The Lord hath not set up Churches only that a few old Christians may keep one another warm while they live and then carry away the Church into the cold Grave with them when they die but that they might with all care and advantages nurse up still successively another generation of subjects to Christ c. And that We may be very injurious to Christ as well as to the souls of men by too much straitening and narrowing the bounds of his Kingdom or visible Church on earth Citing Paraeus in Mat. 13. saying In Church-Reformation it is an observable truth that those that are for too much strictness do more hurt than profit the Church Abundance more to the same purpose I might collect And seeing they take children growing up to be members under Church-discipline according to their Capacities Let it be considered soberly whether this doth not intimate to us that Discipline it self must not be exercised with the hurtful rigor that some expect For I would intreat the ridgeder sort if they are Parents but to tell me at what age and for what faults and for want of Grace they would have their own children excommunicated And when they have done whether they will also proceed to a Family Excommunication of them for the same causes They adde a sixth Prop. for the Baptizing of the Children of those that by death or extraordinary providence have been inevitably hindered from publickly acting as aforesaid and yet have given the Church cause in judgement of Charity to look at them as so qualified and such as had they been called thereto would have so acted And they adde a seventh Propos. that The Members of Orthodox Churches being sound in the faith and not scandalous in life and presenting due testimony thereof these occasionally coming from one Church to another may have their children baptized in the Church whither they come by virtue of Communion of Churches But if they remove their habitation they ought orderly to covenant and subject themselves to the Government of Christ in his Church where they settle their abode and so their children to be baptized It being the Churches duty to receive such to Communion so far as they are regularly capable of the same So that they provide for the reception of all meet persons But the chief thing observable is that in Propos. 5. Where the Qualifications or Description of a just entitleing Profession is laid down as consisting in no more than these four things 1. Understanding the doctrine of Faith 2. The publick Profession of Assent thereto 3. Not to be scandalous in life 4. And solemnly owning the Covenant before the Church wherein they give up themselves and their children before the Lord. They require no other proofs of Regeneration noâ— any particular account how they were converted nor what further signs of it they can shew And for my own part I never dissented from those called Congregational in England in the two great points from which their Churches are denominated viz. 1. That regularly they should consist but of so many as are capable of Personal Communion which they call a Congregation 2. And that this Congregation is not jure Divino under the spiritual Government of any superior Church as Metropolitane Patriarchal c. But my chief dissent from them hath been in their going beyond Independency and too many of them coming too neer to Separation 1. By making other tearms of mens title to Church-member-ship than these here recited by the New-England Synod and then the understanding sober profession of Assent and Consent to the Baptismal Covenant is 2. And for their gathering new Churches in the several Parishes as if there had been no Churches there before and the members not gathered by them were not the subjects of any Church-Discipline neither the Children nor Adult And the reasons why I have ever dissented from them in these points have been these 1. Because I find that the contrary was the way of Scripture-times and all antiquity And that the Apostles still received members upon a sudden and bare profession of belief and consent to the Baptismal Covenant with the penitent renunciation of the Flesh the World and the Devil And all Ages since have held this course and made Baptisme the Church-door But I shall heartily joyn with any Brethren that will endeavour herein to save the Church from that state of Imagery and dead Formality which Papists and all Carnal Hypocrites have mortified Gods ordinances and unspeakably injured the Churches by and are still working every ordinance of God that way All good men should labour to recover Religion and Christian profession to an understanding seriousness I will here insert the words of a most Learned and High Prelatist to shew you that whoever is against this Course in Practice no sober men can deny it in principles Eldersfield of Bapt. pag. 48. marg Upon score of like reason whereto and for such after-tryal may have been taken up in the Christian Church that examination which did sift the Constancy or rather Consistency of those that had been taken in young to their presumed grounds that if they wavered they might be known and discharged Or if they remained constant they might by Imposition of hands receive what the common name of that Ceremony did import of their Faith at least a sign of Confirmation Vasques hath from Erasmus in the Preface to his Paraphrase on the Gospels a word of most wholsome grave and prudent advice that those who were baptized young when they begin to write Man should be examined An ratum habeant id quod in Catechismo ipsorum nomine promissum fuit Quod si ratum non habeant ab Ecclesiae jurisdictione liberos manere in 3 part Thom. Disp. 154. To. 2. C. 1. 2. If they did then stand to what their Sureties had presumed for them If not they should be discarded Most necessary and of unimaginable benefit But not if it be turned into cursory Imagery Such a scrutiny would shake off thousands of rotten hypocrites and purge the Church of many such Infidel-believers or professors upon whose dirty faces a little holy water was sprinkled when they knew not what it was but they no more mind the true Sanctification appertaining than Turks or Saracens who shall rise up in judgement against their washed filthyness Or than those of whom St. Peter It is happened unto them according to the true Proverb The dog to his vomit and the washed swine to wallow in the mire Such Discipline of awakened Reason is that which the World groans for And groan it may for any
more careless and have less zeal and therefore like swine will leave such pearls to any that will take them up or they that have sound knowledge to guide their zeal 3. And the power which too many of them give the people over the Pastors and themselves will do much to increase these divisions and cause their dissolution And that this is the sense of New-England appeareth 1. In their banishing Lyford first and the two Brownes after lest they should be divided about the Prelacy and Liturgie 2. By their common judgement against dangerous Toleration 3. By the History of Mrs. Hutchinsons business in Sir Henry Uane's daies 4. By the History of Mr. Williams business 5. And of Gorton's 6. And of the Quakers of late All which I shall say no more of but only transcribe some of the words of Morton's Memorial about Mr. Williams p. 78 c In the year 1634. Mr. Roger Williams removed from Plimouth to Salem He had lived about three years at Plimouth where he was well accepted as an assistant to Mr. Ralph Smith then Pastor there But by degrees venting of divers of his own singular opinions and seeking to impose them upon others he not finding such a concurrence as he expected desâ—red his dismission foreseeing that he would run the same course of rigid Separation and Anabaptistry as Mr. John Smith the Separatist at Amsterdam had done the Church consented to his dismission and such as did adhere to him were also dismissed or removed with him or not long after him to Salem But he having in one years time filled that place with principles of rigid Separation and tending to Anabaptistry the prudent Magistrates of the Massachusets jurisdiction sent to the Church of Salem desiring them to forbear calling him to Office which they not hearkening to was a cause of much disturbance He being in Office proceeded more vigorously to vent many dangerous Opinions as That it is not lawful for an Unregenerate man to pray nor to take an Oath and in special not the Oath of Fidelity to the Civil Government Nor was it lawful for a godly man to have Communion either in Family-Prayer or in an Oath with such as they judged unregenerate And therefore he himself refused the Oath of Fidelity and taught others so to do Also that it was not lawful so much as to hear the godly Ministers of England when any occasionally went thither and therefore he admonished any Church-members that had done so as of heynous sin Also he spake dangerous words against the Patent which was the foundation of the Government of the Massachusets Colony Also he affirmed that the Magistrate had nothing to do in matters of the First Table but only the Second And that there should be a general and unlimited Toleration of all Religions And for any man to be punished for any matters of his Conscience was Persecution Staying at home in his own house he sent a Letter which was read in the publick Church-Assembly to give them notice That if the Church of Salem would not separate not only from the Churches of England but the Churches of New-England too he would separate from them The more prudent and sober part of the Church being amazed at his way could not yield to him Whereupon he never came to the Church-Assembly more professing separation from them as Antichristian And not only so but he withdrew all private Religious communion from any that would hold Communion with the Church there Insomuch as that he would not pray nor give thanks at meals with his own Wife nor any of his Family because they went to the Church-Assemblies Divers of the weaker sort of the Church-members that had been throughly levened with his Opinions of which number were divers Women that were zealous in their way did by degrees fall off to him Insomuch as that he kept a Meeting in his own house unto which a numerous company did resort both on the Sabbath day and at other times by way of Separation from and opposition to the Church-Assembly there Which the prudent Magistrates understanding and seeing things grow more and more towards a general division and disturbance after all other means used in vain they passed a Sentence of Banishment against him out of the Massachusets Colony as against a disturber of the Peace of the Church and Commonwealth After which Mr. Williams sate down in a place called Providence and was followed by many of the Members of the Church of Salem who did zealously adhere to him and cryed out of the Persecution that was against him Some others also resorted to him from other parts They had not been there long together but from rigid Separation they fell to Anabaptistry renouncing the Baptism which they had received in their Infancy and taking up another Baptism and so began a Church in that way But Mr. Williams stopped not there long For after some time he told the people that had followed him that he was out of the way himself and had misled them For he did not find that there was any upon earth that could administer Baptisme and therefore their last Baptisme was a nullity as well as their first And therefore they must lay down all and wait for the coming of new Apostles And so they dissolved themselves and turned Seekers keeping that one Principle That every one should have liberty to worship God according to the light of their own Consciences but otherwise not owning any Churches or Ordinances of God any where upon earth So far the History To which I adde that this man was one of the great instruments after all this of sublimating the English Separation to the same height and gratifying the Papists by raising up the sect of Seekers who said that both Scripture Ministry Church and Ordinances were lost And had they not now broken the Church sufficiently and made it small enough when they had made it none God forbid that I should transcribe any of this with a desire to bring reproach on any mens persons but only to help our dear brethren that are in danger to profâ— by the warning of other mens falls For to this end was the Scripture written historically with the falls of the Saints inserted in it The same History pag. 139 140. thus describeth Mr. Thomas Dudley a Principal Founder and Pillar of the Massachussets and often Governour dying 77 years old that His zeal to order appeared in contriving good Laws and faithfully executing them on Criminal Offenders Hereticks and Underminers of Religion He had a piercing judgement to discover the Wolf though cloathed with a Sheep-skin These following are the conclusion of a pious Copy of Verses found in his pocket when he was dead Let men of God in Courts and Churches watch O're such as do a Toleration hatch Lest that ill egg bring forth a Cockatrice To poyson all with Heresie and Vice If men be left and otherwise Combine My Epitaph's I dy'd no Libertine But
I say for these reasons I shall give you as my Conclusion the Order of the Governour and Council of the Massachusets in New-England to all the Elders and Ministers in their Jurisdiction for Catechizing and private labours with all the Families under their Charge Dated at Boston Mar. 10. 1668. To the Elders and Ministers of every Town within the Jurisdiction of the Massachusets in New-England The Governour and Council sendeth greeting Reverend and Beloved in the Lord WHereas we find in the Examples of holy Scripture that Magistrates have not only excited and commanded all the people under their Government to seek the Lord God of their Fathers and do the Law and Commandment 2 Cro. 14. 2 3 4. Ezra 7. 25 26 27. but also stirred up and sent forth the Levites accompanied with other principal men to teach the good knowledge of the Lord throughout all the Cities of Iudah 2. Chron. 17. 6 7 8 9. which endeavours have been crowned with Gods blessing Also we find that our Brethren of the Congregational Perswasion in England have made a good Profession in their Book entituled A Declaration of their Faith and Order Pag. 59. Sect. 14. where they say That although Pastors and Teachers stand especially related unto their particular Churches yet they ought not to neglect others living within their Parochial Bounds but besides their constant publick Preaching to them they ought to enquire after their profiting by the word instructing them in and pressing upon them whether young or old the great Doctrines of the Gospel even personally and particularly so far as their strength and time will permit We hope that sundry of you need not a spur in these things but are consciously careful to do your duty yet forasmuch as we have cause to fear that there is too much neglect in many places notwithstanding the Laws long since provided therein We therefore think it our duty to emit this Declaration unto you earnestly desiring and in the bowels of our Lord Jesus requiring you to be very diligent and careful to Catechize and Instruct all the people especially the Youth under your Charge in the Sound and Orthodox Principles of Christian Religion and that not only in publick but privately from house to house as blessed Paul did Acts 20. 20. or at least three four or more Families meeting together as strength and time may permit taking to your assistance such godly and grave persons as to you may seem most expedient And also that you labour to inform your selves as much as may be meet how your Hearers do profit by the Word of God and how their Conversations do agree therewith and whether the Youth are taught to read the English Tongue taking all occasions to apply suitable Exhortations particularly unto them for the rebuke of those that do evil and for the encouragement of them that do well The effectual and constant prosecution hereof we hope will have a tendency to promote the Salvation of Souls To suppress the growth of Sin and Prophaneness To beget more Love and Unity amongst the people and more Reverence and Esteem of the Ministry and will assuredly be to the enlargement of your Crown and Recompence in Eternal Glory Given at Boston the 10th of March 1668. by the Governour and Council and by them Ordered to be Printed and sent accordingly Edward Rawson Secret FINIS I desire the â—â—ader to 〈◊〉 the most judiâ—ious â—oâ—â—rate Expositioâ— oâ— thâ— sâ—cond Commandment a oâ— all the est iâ— Mr. George Lawson's Thâ—opolitica 1 Untruth False Worship what seven senses of that word 2. Untruth 3. Untruth Of my mentioning former things Whether I were as guilty as any in stirring up the War And guilty of all which he calleth the Effects Whether nothing past must be repented oâ— The Reader must note that I wrote the full Narrative of my Actions herein which this presupposeth but after cast it away because neither part of the accusers can bear it 4 Untruth Whether I never mention the prophane but with honour Of partial genderness Of my foolish talking Of my Pride Whether it be easier to pray extempore or by memory of words Who is to be judged Proud More mistakes Whom we must come out from Whom we must disown as no Church The Corruption of the Scripture Churches 5 Untruth Of concealing the faults of Dividers Of concealing the faults of Dividers * Read but Hornius his description of the English Sects Eccles. Hist. and see what strangers think of us Of my revealing Secrets 7 Untruth 8 Untruth 9 Untruth The Cause of Popery tried Of Mr. Iohnson's Reply to my Book 10 Untruth Whether it be intollerable Pride to say that the Papists understand not Christian sense and reason 11 Untruth Of Separation Of Censuring Papists Of Pauls not scandalizing the weak I know that Expositors much differ about the weak brother here described but not in the point that I now urge the â—ext for More of revealing secrets 12 Untruth Whom I mean by Dividing And of his Curse 13 Untruth Whether I slight prayer And whether wisdom is to be got by prayer alone without any other means 14 Untruth 15. Untruth Whether I speak slightly of Christ How Christ increased in wisdom Whether Christ needed Prayer for himself Of melancholy misinterpretations of Scripture 16 Untruth Whether God hates book-prayers or forms Whether the Jews had a Liturgie in Christs time See Psal 92. and 102 c. 1 Chr. 16. 4. and 25. 2 Chron. 8. 14 15. Of jeasting at other mens â—â—ayers The temptations of sufferings Many are overcome by suffering who think they overcome It 's a reproach to our Nation that Hornius Hist. Eccl. saith Ita ut seperatismus sive Brownismus non alios habeat authores quam cum Tyrannide superstitione Episcopos Dominantes pag. 244. So much good suffering doth Whether all that use any thing in Gods worship not commanded and in particular a form of prayer be Idolaters And what this censure of Idolatry signifyeth Whither we are guilty of consenting to all that is faulty in the prayers that we are present at 17 Untruth Of flattering Christians Whether any 〈◊〉 be 〈…〉 ignorant and injudicious See my book of Directions to weak Christians to grow in grace The greatness of the sin of thus flattering Christians How sad is it to read in Hoâ—nius Salmasius and others abroad such horrid descriptions of the English sects and scandals Though the Actors were not so many as some of them thought Of the loud voice of the Preacher and a sound judgement 18 Untruth 19 Untruth Whether I have left off the Lords work Note how ordinarily Christ himself and his Apostles avoided persecution by removing Of the judgement of the Univeâ—sal Church Of the judgement of Learned men in difficult speculations 20 Untruth Whether honest people be not apt to stray after one anothers example Whether we should mark and avoid the sins of Christians in the time and places where we live Whether the Religious sort may not have some common errour to be avoided 21 Untruth 22 Untruth 23 Untruth Of Justification Whether we can speak bad enough of nature See Act. 17. and 14. And Rom. 1 and 2. 24 Untruth 25 Untruth Whether there be any free-will Whether he that counts all natural men as bad as he can name will not hate them and say bad of them without fear of slander 26 Untruth Whether no persecution can consist with Love 27 Untruth 28 Untruth 29 Untruth Of the fewness of Believers 30 Untruth Whether the same spirit may not be restored to the ancient forms 31 Untruth Maximus Imperator Râ—mpub gâ—bernahat Vir omni vitae merito praedicandus si ei vel diadema non lâ—gitâ—mâ—â—umultuaâ—te milite impositum repudiâ—re vel armis civilibus abstinere licuissâ—t sed mâ—gnum Imperium nec sine peâ—iculo renâ— i nec sine armis potuit teneri Sulp. sevâ—rus Dialog 3. cap. 7. Beda etiam â—ist Eccl. l. 1. c. 9. Maximus vir strâ—nâ—us pâ—obus atque Augusto dignus nisi contra Sacramenti fidem per tyrannidem emersisset c. Invitus propemodum ab exercitu câ—eatus Imperator c. Had not this man brought the Catholick-Church into a little room