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A04923 The appellation of Iohn Knoxe from the cruell and most iniust sentence pronounced against him by the false bishoppes and clergie of Scotland, with his supplication and exhortation to the nobilitie, estates, and co[m]munaltie of the same realme. Knox, John, ca. 1514-1572.; Gilby, Anthony, ca. 1510-1585. An admonition to England and Scotland.; Kethe, William, d. 1608? 1558 (1558) STC 15063; ESTC S106719 70,824 162

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greatly they bost is nothing els but as if theues murtherers or briggandes should conspire amongest them selues that they would neuer answer in iudgement before anie laufull Magistrate to the end that their theft and murther should not be punished euen such I say is their wicked priuiledge which neither they haue of God the father neither of Christ Iesus who hathe reuealed his fathers will to the world neither yet of the Apostles nor primatiue Churche as before is declared But it is a thinge conspired amongest them selues to the end that their iniquitie detestable life and tyrannie shall neither be repressed nor reformed And if they obiect that godlie Emperours did graunt and confirme the same I answer that the godlines of no man is or can be of sufficient auctoritie to iustifie a foolishe and vngodlie fact such I mean as God hath not alowed by his worde For Abraham was a godlie man but the deniall of his wife was such a fact as no godlie man oght to imitate The same might I shew of Dauid Ezechias and Iosias vnto whom I think no man of iudgement will prefer anie Emperour sence Christ in holines ād wisdome and yet are not all theyr factes no euen such as they appeared to haue done for good causes to be approued nor folowed And therefore I say as errour and ignorance remayn all waies with the most perfect man in this life so must their workes be examined by an other rule thē by their own holines if they shall be approued But if this answer doth not suffice then will I answer more shortly that no godlie Emperour sence Christes ascensiō hath graunted anie such priuiledge to anie such Churche or person as they the hole generatiō of Papistes be at this day I am not ignorāt that sōme Emperours of a certaine zeale and for sōme cōsideratiōs graunted liberties to the true Church afflicted for theyr mentainance against tyrants but what serueth this for the defence of theyr tyrannie Yf the law must be vnderstāded accordīg to the mynd of the lawgeuer then must they fyrst proue thē selues Christes true ād afflicted Churche before they can claime anie priuiledge to appertaine to them For only to that Churche were the priuiledges graunted It will not be their glorious titles neither yet the longe possession of the name that can preuaile in this so weghtie a cause For all those had the Churche of Ierusalem which did crucifie Christ and did condemne his doctrine We offer to proue by theyr frutes and tyrannie by the Prophetes and playn scriptures of God what trees and generation they be to witt vnfrutefull and rotten apt for nothing but to be cutt and cast in hell fier yea that they are the very kingdome of Antichrist of whome we are cōmaunded to beware And therefore my Lordes to return to you seing that God hath armed your handes with the sworde of iustice seing that his Law most streatly commaundeth idolaters and fals prophetes to be punisshed with death and that you be placed aboue your subiects to reigne as fathers ouer theyr children and further seing that not only I but with me manie thousand famous godlie and learned persons accuse your Byshoppes ād the hole rabble of the Papistical clergie of idolatrie of murther and of blasphemie against God committed it appertaineth to your Honours to be vigilant and carefull in so weghtie a matter The question is not of earthly substāce but of the glorie of God and of the saluation of your selues and of your brethren subiect to your charge in which if you after this playne admonitiō be negligent there resteth no excuse by reason of ignorance For in the name of God I require of you that the cause of religiō may be tried in your presēce by the playne ād simple worde of God that your Byshoppes be compelled to desist from theyr tyrannie that they be compelled to make answer for the neglecting of their office for the substāce of the poore which vniustly they vsurpe and prodigally they do spend but principally for the fals and deceauable doctrine which is taught and defended by theyr fals prophetes flattering freers and other such venemous locustes Which thing if with single eyes ye do preferring goddes glorie and the saluation of your brethren to all worldlie commoditie then shall the same God who solemnely doth pronounce to honour those that do honour hym power his benedictions plentifully vpon you he shall be your buckler protection and captayne and shall represse by his strength and wisdome whatsoeuer Satan by his suppostes shall imagine against you I am not ignorant that great troubles shall ensue your enterprise For Satan will not be expelled from the possession of his vsurped kingdome without resistance But if you as is said preferring goddes glorie to your own liues vnfeanedly seke and studie to obey his blessed will then shall your deliuerance be such as euidently it shall be knowen that the angels of the eternall do watche make warr and feght for those that vnfeynedly fear the Lorde But if you refuse this my most reasonable and iust petition what defēce that euer you appeare to haue before men then shall God whome in me you contemne refuse you He shall pourefurthe contempt vpon you and vpon your posteritie after you The spirit of boldnes and wisdome shall be taken from you your ennemies shall reign and you shall die in bondage yea God shall cutt doune the vnfrutefull trees when they do appeare most beautifully to florish and shall so burn the roote that after of you shall neither twigge nor branch againe spring to glorie Hereof I nede not to adduce vnto you examples from the former ages and auncient histories For your brethren the nobilitie of England are a mirrour and glasse in the which ye may beholde goddes iust punishment For as they haue refused him and his Euāgil which ones in mouth they did professe so hath he refused them and hath taken from them the spirit of wisdome boldenes and of counsil They see and fele theyr owne miserie and yet they haue no grace to auoid it They hate the bondage of strangers the pride of preestes and the mōstriferous empire of a wicked womā and yet are they cōpelled to bowe their neckes to the yock of the Deuill to obey what soeuer the proude Spaniards and wicked Iesabel list to commaund and finally to stand like slaues with capp in hand till the seruantes of Satan the shauen sort call them to counsil This frute do they reape ād gather of their former rebellion and vnfaithfulnes towardes God They are left cōfused in their owne counsils He whome in his mēbres for the pleasure of a wicked woman they haue exiled persecuted ād blasphemed doth now laugh them to skorn suffereth thē to be pyned in bondage of most wicked men ād finally shall adiudge thē to the fier euerlastīg except that spedely ād opēly they repēt theyr horrible treasō which against God agaīst his sonne Christ Iesus
power of Antichrist And therefore my Lordes I can not cease in the name of Christ Iesus to require of you that the matter may cōme in examination and that ye the estates of the realme by your auctoritie compell such as will be called bishoppes not only to desist from their cruell murthering of such as do studie to promote goddes glorie in detecting and disclosing the damnable impietie of that man of syn the Romane Antechrist but also that ye cōpell them to answer to suche crimes as shall be laid to their charge for not righteously instructing the flock committed to their cares But here I know two thinges shalbe doubted The former whether that my appellation is lawfull and to be admitted seing that I am damned as an heritike and secondarely whether your honours be bound to defēd such as call for your support in that case seing that your bishoppes who in matters of religion claime all auctoritie to appertaine to them haue by their sentence allredy condemned me The one and the other I nothing doubt most clerely to proue Fyrst that my appellation is most Lawfull and iust and secondarely that your honours can not refuse to defend me thus calling for your aid but that in so doing ye declare your selues rebellious to God mentainers of murtherers and shedders of innocent blood How iust cause I haue by the ciuile law as for their canon it is accursed of God to appeale from their vniust sentence my purpose is not to make long discourse Onlie I will touche the poyntes which all men confesse to be iust causes of appellation Fyrst laufully could I not be sommoned by them being for that tyme absent from their iurisdiction charged with the preachīg of Christes Euāgill in a free citie not subiect to their tyrannie Secondarely to me was no intimation made of their sommondes but so secrete was their surmised malice that the copie of the sommondes being required was denyed Thirdlie to the realme of Scotland could I haue had no free nor sure accesse being before exiled frō the same by their vniust tyrannie And last to me they nether could nor can be competent and indifferent iudges for that before any sommondes were raised against me I had accused them by my lrēs published to the quene dowagier and had intended against them all crimes offring my selfe with hasard of life to proue the same for the which they are not onlie vnworthie of ecclesiasticall auctoritie but also of any sufferance within a commune welthe professing Christ. This my accusatiō preceding their sōmōdes neither by the law of God neither yet by the law of man can they be to me competent iudges till place be grāted vnto me opēlie to proue my accusatiō intended against them and they be compelled to make answer as criminalls For I will plainelie proue that not onlie bishoppes but also Popes haue bene remoued frō all auctoritie and pronouncing of iudgement till they haue purged them selues of accusations layd against them Yea further I will proue that bishoppes and Popes most iustly haue bene depriued frō all honours and administration for smaller crimes then I haue to charge the hole rable of your bishoppes But because this is not my chefe grounde I wil stand cōtent for this present to shew that lawfull it is to Goddes Prophetes and to preachers of Christ Iesus to appeall frō the sentence and iudgement of the visible churche to the knolledge of the temporall Magistrate who by Goddes law is bound to hear their causes and to defend them from tyrannie The Prophete Ieremie was cōmmāded by God to stand in the courte of the house of the Lord and to preach this sermon in effect That Ierusalem should be distroyed and be exponed in opprobrie to all nations of the earth and that also that famous tēple of God should be made desolate like vnto Sylo because the preestes the Prophetes and the people did not walk in the Law which God had ꝓposed vnto thē neither wold they obey the voyces of the Prophetes whome God sent to call them to repentance For this sermon was Ieremie apprehended and a sentence of death was pronounced against hym and that by the preestes by the Prophetes and by the people which thinges being bruted in the eares of the Princes of Iuda they passed vp frō the kinges house to the tēple of the Lord and sat down in iudgement for further knowledge of the cause But the preestes and Prophetes continued in theyre cruell sentēce which before they had pronoūced saying This man is worthie of the death for he hath prophesied against this citie as your eares haue hard But Ieremy so moued by the holie Ghost began his defence against that their tyrannous sentence in these wordes The Lord saieth he hath sent me to prophetie against this house and against this citie all the wordes which you haue hard Now therefore make good your wayes ād hear the voyce of the Lord your God and then shall he repent of the euill whiche he hath spoken against you As for me behold I am in your handes so doth he speak to the Princes do to me as you think good and righteous Neuertheles know you this most assuredly that if ye murther or sley me ye shall make your selues this citie and the inhabitants of the same criminall and gyltie of innocent blood For of a trueth the Lord hath sent me to speak in your eares all those wordes Then the princes and the people saieth the text said this man is not worthie of death for he hath spoken to vs in the name of the Lord our God And so after somme cōtention was the Prophete deliuered frō that dāger This fact and historie manefestly proueth whatsoeuer before I haue affirmed To wit that it is Laufull for the seruantes of God to call for the help of the ciuile magistrate agaīst the sētēce of death if it be vniust by whome soeuer it be ꝓnounced ād also that the ciuile sword hath power to represse the furie of the preests and to absolue whome thei haue cōdēned For the prophete of God was damned by those who then only in earthe were knowē to be the visible churche to wit preestes prophetes who thē were in Ierusalē the successours of Aarō to whome was geuē a charge to speak to the people in the name of God ād a precept geuē to the people to heare the lawe frō their mouthes to the which if any should be rebellious or īobediēt he should die the death without mercie These men I say thus auctorised by God first did excōmunicat Ierimie for that he did preache other wise then did the cōmune sort of prophetes in Ierusalem and last apprehended him as you haue hard ꝓnouncing against hym this sētēce afore writen frō the which neuertheles the prophete appealed that is sought help and defence against the same and that most earnestly did he craue of the princes For albeit he
saieth I am in your handes do with me as ye think righteous he doth not contemne nor neglect his life as thoghe he regarded not what should become of hym but ī those his wordes most vehementlie did he admonishe the princes and rulers of the people geuing them to vnderstād what God should require of thē As he should say You princes of Iuda and rulers of the people to whom appertaineth in differentlie to iudge betwixt partie and partie to iustifie the iust man and to cōdemne the malefactour you haue hard à sentence of death pronounced against me by those whose lippes oght to speak no decept because they are sanctified and appointed by God hym selfe to speake his law and to pronounce iudgement with equitie but as they haue left the liuing God and haue taught the people to follow vanitie so are they becōmed mortall ennemies to all Gods true seruantes of whom I am one rebuking theire iniquitie apostasie and defection from God which is the onlie cause they seke my life But a thing most contrarie to all equitie law ād iustice it is that I a mā sent of God to call them this people and you againe to the true seruice of God from the which you are all declined shall suffer the death because that my ennemies do so pronounce sentence I stād in your presēce whome God hath made princes your power is aboue their tyrannie before you do I expone my cause I am in your handes aud can not resist to suffer what ye think iust But lest that my lenitie and patiēce should either make you negligent in the defence of me in my iust cause appealīg to your iudgemēt either yet encorrage my ennemies in seakinge my blood this one thinge I dar not consile That if you murther me which thing ye do if ye defēd me not ye make not only my ennemies gyltie of my blood but also your selues and this hole citie By these wordes I say it is euident that the prophete of God beīg dāned to death by the preestes ād by the prophetes of the visible Churche did seke aid support and defence at the princes and temporall magistrates threatnyng his blood to be required of theyre handes if they by theyre auctorite did not defend hym from the furie of his ennemies alledging also iust causes of his appellation and why he oght to haue bene defended to wit that he was sent of God to rebuke theire vices and defection from God that he taught no doctrine which God before had not pronounced in his Law that he desired theyre conuersion to God continuallie calling vpon them to walk in the wayes which God had approued and therefore doth he boldlie craue of the princes as of Goddes lieutenātes to be defended from the blynd rage tyrannie of the preests notwithstanding that they claimed to themselues auctoritie to iudge in all matters of religion And the same did he what tyme he was cast in pryson and thereafter was brought to the presēce of king Zedechias after I say that he had defended his innocētie affirmyng that he neither had offended against the king against his seruantes nor against the people at last he made intercession to the king for his life saying But now my lord the king take hede I beseche thee let my prayer fall in to thy presence commaund me not to be caried againe in to the house of Ionathan the scribe that I dye not there And the text witnesseth that the king commaunded the place of his imprysonment to be chaunged Whereof it is euident that the prophet did ofter then once seke help at the ciuile power and that fyrst the princes and thereafter the king did acknowledge that it appertained to their office to deliuer him from the iniust sentence which was pronounced against him yf any thinke that Ieremie did not appeall becaus he onely declared the wronge done vnto him and did but craue defence according to his innocencie let the same man vnderstand that none otherwise do I appeale from that fals and cruell sentence which your Byshoppes haue pronounced against me Neither yet can there be any other iust cause of appellation but innocēcie hurt or suspected to be hurt whether it be by ignorance of a iudge or by malice and corruption of those who vnder the title of iustice do exercise tyrānie if I were a thefe murtherer blasphemer open adulterer or any offender whome Gods worde commaundeth to suffer for a crime committed my appellation were vaine and to be reiected but I being innocēt yea the doctrine which your Byshoppes haue condemned in me being Gods eternall veritie haue no lesse libertie to craue your defence against that crueltie then had the Prophet Ieremie to seke the ayde of the Princes and King of Iuda But this shall more plainly appear in the facte of sainct Paule who after that he was apprehended in Ierusalem did fyrst claime to the libertie of Romayne citezēs for auoiding tormēt what tyme that the captayn would haue examined hym by questions there after in the coūcile where no rightious iudgement was to be hoped for he affirmed that he was a Pharisie and that he was accused of the resurrection of the dead and last in the presence of Festus he appealed from all knowledge and iudgement of the Preestes at Ierusalem to the Emperour of which last point because it doth chefelie appertaine to this my cause I will somwhat speak After that Paule had diuerse tymes bene accused as in the Actes of the apostles is manifest at the last the chefe Preestes and theyre faction came to Cesarea with Festus the presidēt who presented to them Paule in iudgement whome they accused of horrible crimes which neuertheles they could not proue the Apostle defending that he had not offended neither agaīnst the Law neither against the Temple neither yet against the Emperour But Festus willing to gratifie the Iewes said to Paule Wilt thou go vp to Ierusalem ād there be iudged of these thinges in my presence But Paule said I stand at the iustice seat of the Emperour where it behoueth me to be iudged I haue done no iniurie to the Iewes as thou better knowest Yf I haue done any thing iniustly or yet committed crime worthie of death I refuse not to die But if there be nothing of these thinges true where of they accuse me no man may geue me to them I appeall to Cesar. It may appear at the first sight that Paule did great iniurie to Festus the iudge and to the hole order of the preesthode who did hope greater equitie in a cruell tyrant then in all that session and learned companie Which thinge no dout Festus did vnderstād pronouncing these wordes Hast thou appealed to Cesar thou shalt go to Cesar. As he would say I as a man willing to vnderstād the truth before I ꝓnoūce sētence haue required of thee to go to Ierusalem where the learned of thyne owne nation may
heare thy cause and decerne in the same The controuersie standith in matters of religion Thou art accused as an apostatat from the Law as a violator of the temple and transgressor of the traditiōs of theyre fathers in which matters I am ignorant and therefore desire information by those that be learned in the same religion wherof the question is And yet doest thou refuse so many godly fathers to hear thy cause and doestappeale to the Emperour preferring hym to all our iudgements of no purpose belike but to delay tyme. Thus I say it myght haue appeared that Paule did not only iniurie to the iudge and to the Preestes but also that his cause was greatly to be suspected partly for that he did refuse the iudgement of those that had moste knowledge as all men supposed of Gods will and religion and partly because he appealed to the Emperour who then was at Rome farr absent from Ierusalem a man also ignorāt of God and ennemie to all vertue But the Apostle cōsidering the nature of his ennemies and what thinges they had intended against hym euen from the fyrst day that he began freelie to speak in the name of Christ did not fear to appeale from them and from the iudge that would haue gratified them They had professed thē selues plain ennemies to Christ Iesus and to his blessed Euangill and had soght the death of Paule yea euen by factiōs and treasonable cōspiracie and therefore by no meanes would he admit them either iudges in his cause either auditours of the same as Festus required but grounding him selfe vpon strong reasons to wit that he had not offēded the Iewes neither yet the Law but that he was innocēt and therefore that no iudge oght to geue hym in the hādes of his ennemies grounding I say his appellation vpon these reasons he neither regarded the displeasure of Festus neither yet the brute of the ignorāt multitude but boldely did appeal from all cognition of them to the iudgement of the Emperour as said is By these two examples I dout not but your honours do vnderstand that lawfull it is to the seruantes of God oppressed by tyrānie to seke remedie against the same be it by appellation from theire sentēce or by imploring the helpe of ciuile Magistrates For what God hath approued in Ieremie and Paul he can condemne in none that likewise be e●●reated I might alledge some histories of the primatiue Church seruing to the same purpose as of Ambrose and Athanasius of whom the one would not be iudged but at Millan where that is doctrine was hard of all his Church and receaued and approu●d by many and the other would in no wise geue place to those coūciles where he knew that mē conspired against the trueth of God should sit in iudgement and cōsultatione But because the Scriptures of God are my only fundation and assurance in all matters of weight and importāce I haue thoght the two former testimonies sufficient aswell to proue my appellation reasonable and iust as to declare to your honours that with safe conscience ye can not refuse to admit the same Yf any thinke it arrogācie or foolishnes in me to compare my selfe with Ieremie and Paule let the same man vnderstād that as God is immutable so is the veritie of his glorious Euangill of aequall dignitie whensoeuer it is impugned be the membres suffering neuer so weak What I think touching myne owne person God shall reueale when the secrets of all hartes shall be disclosed and such as with whome I haue bene conuersant can partly witnesse what arrogācie or pryde they espie in me But touching the doctrine and cause which that adulterous ād pestilent generatiō of Antichrists seruāts who wilbe called Byshoppes amongst you haue condened in me I neither fear nor shame to cōfesse and auow before man and Angell to be the aeternall trueth of the aeternall God And in that case I dout not to cōpare my selfe with any menbre in whome the trueth hath bene impugned sēce the begynnyng For as it was the trueth which Ieremie did preach in these wordes The Preestes haue not knowen me saieth the Lord but the pastors haue traiterously declined and fallen back from me The Prophetes haue prophesied in Baal and haue gone after those things which can not helpe My people haue left the fontaine of liuing waters and haue digged to them selues pits which can containe no water As it was a trueth that the pastors and watchmen in the daies of Isaie were becomed dōme dogs blynd ignorāt proud and auaricious And finally as it was a trueth that the Princes and the Preestes were murtherers of Christ Iesus ād cruell persecutors of his Apostles so likewyse it is a trueth and that moste infallible that those that haue condemned me the hole rable of the papisticall clergie haue declyned from the true faith haue geuen eare to deceauable spirits and to doctrine of deuils are the sterres fallen from the heauen to the earth are fontaines without water and finally are ennemies to Christ Iesus deniers of his vertue and horrible blasphemours of his death and passiō And further as that visible Churche had no crime where of iustly they could accuse either the Prophetes either the Apostles except theyr doctrine only so haue not such as seke my blood other crime to lay to my charge except that I affirm as alwais I offer to proue that the religion which now is maintained by fier and sword is no lesse contrarious to the true religion taught and established by the Apostles then is darknes to light or the Deuill to God and also that such as now do claime the title and name of the Churche ar no more the elect spouse of Christ Iesus then was the Synagoge of the Iewes the true Church of God what tyme it crucified Christ Iesꝰ damned his doctrine and persecuted his Apostles And therefore seing that my battail is against the proude and cruell hypocrites of this age as that battaill of those most excellent instrumentes was against the fals Prophetes and malignant Church of theyr ages neither ought any man think it strange that I cōpare my self with them with whome I sustaine a cōmon cause neither ought you my Lordes iudge your selues lesse addetted and bound to me calling for your support then did the Princes of Iuda think thē selues boūde to Ieremie whome for that tyme they deliue red notwithstāding the sētēce of death ꝓnoūced against him by the visible Church And thus much for the right of my appellatiō which in the bowelles of Christ Iesus I requier your honours not to esteme as a thing superfluous ād vaine but that ye admitt it ād also accept me in your ꝓtection ād defence that by you assured I may haue accesse to my natiue coūtrie which I neuer offēded to the end that freely and opēly in the presēce of the hole realme I may geue my confession of all such pointes