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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A53386	The opinions of certaine reverend and learned divines concerning the fundamentall points of the true Protestant religion, and the right government of reformed churches Wherein is declared the plaine path-way to a godly and religious life. Published by authoritie.; Good counsells for the peace of reformed churches.	T. I.; Davenant, John, ca. 1572-1641.; Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656.; Morton, Thomas, 1564-1659.; Ussher, James, 1581-1656.	1643 (1643)	Wing O356; ESTC R216583	49,936	153

Divines should be summoned and sought for by Invitatory Letters that the freindly laudable Conference which was begun at Li●swich should be reassumed and prosecuted with like modesty as it had formerly been be gun that all such Di●ines of note eminence as cannot be present at that meeting should send over their Opinions and advice that all the Fundamentalls of Religion necessary for Salvation should be determined and all other Points laid aside and turned over to the Schooles if need should require that in the meane time men's tongues and pens should be enjoyned moderation or else silence that lastly publike Prayers should be solemnly made in the Churches of both sides for the successe of this good worke Let but these things be done with an upright heart in the feare of God and wee need not doubt of a happy issue it is God's own Cause he will not be wanting to himselfe For you Mr Dury who have hitherto with such zeale such unwearied paines so many dangers so great charges prosecuted this Designe so well pleasing to God his Angells and men truly you have deserved so well of the whole Church as that all good men must acknowledge themselves much indebted to you Goe on worthy Sir with your great undertakeings and put a period to this good worke or rather may the great God of Heaven Earth doe this for you and us all and may he still preserve and prosper you in these travailes and labours of yours Farewell from Your loving freind JOS EXON THE OPINION OF THE MOST REVEREND FATHER IN GOD IAMES USHER Lord Arch-Bishop of ARMAGH and Primate of Ireland with some other Reverend Bishops in IRELAND REverend and much respected Brother in Christ Wee had long since by common consent made ready an Answer to your former Letters which you writ unto us severally some Moneths agon but being desirous to have likewise a generall Subscription to it according to that agreement which should be betwixt fellow-brethren of the Clergy we deferred the sending of it somewhat the longer in hopes of a meeting You desire us now in your second Letter dated from London March 20. that we would give you our Opinion concerning the Conference at Lipswich the rather because that Conference is likely to have some effect and influence upon the busines you have in hand Thus therefore that meeting though it was called for other ends and reasons yet seeing it was holden with such good successe and that the cheife Divines of both sides had so faire freindly a Conference heard one another with such patience parted with such love and brotherly affection it is a very good signe that this matter is from the Lord and from this good beginning who can chuse but hope for a happy and successefull issue But yet notwithstanding they parted differing about three Points it is well that they differd but in three 't is better yet that even in those three Points they agreed in most things and such as are of greatest moment nor was their difference so much about the thing it selfe as about some Formes of expression which for the most part we cannot so easily forget and cast off after we have been long accustomed to them For seeing it is confest on both sides that Christ hath two natures in one person so inseparably united that neither can they be divided nor are they confounded but still remaine distinct and severall without all mixture or aequality so much as of their Properties to what end is it to quarrell about improper and figurative Propositions so likewise in the Eucharist seeing they both agree that the Faithfull doe eat not only the fruit and benefit but the very essence or Substance of Christ's body and that on God's part the Sacraments are exhibited entire perfect the thing signified together with the sign what doe they contending about Hypocrites and unbelievers 't is all one as if Physi●ions should fall a disputing about a dead man whether or no the Potion he tooke hath any operation upon him There remaines yet that other much controverted Question touching Praedestination and yet even in this too it would be no hard matter for them to be reconciled were but spleen and partiality laid aside and in the roome thereof a reverent and modest feare how we pry too farre into God's secret Counsells placed and planted seeing the best and ablest Divines of both sides acknowledge that in many Questions about this Mystery we must be faine to take up St Paul's exclamation O the depth and that 't is both lawfull sufficient for them to rest and hold together in those cleare undoubted Trueths namely that the Election of such as shall be saved was made in Christ that the destruction of all such as perish is from themselves that Salvation is from God that Faith yea even foreseen Faith is not from our selves it is the gift of God that we may not boast of any thing seeing we have nothing of our own all must be ascribed to God as S. Cyprian of old devoutly and pithily spake Thus you have both what we hope conceive of the Conference at Lipswich But the most principall and speciall thing which should be earnestly prest and inculcated is this that in Divine matters espocially in such high and difficult mysteries as these are which are rather to be adored than pried into we ought to have a certaine and set Rule to speake by as S. Austin sometimes prudently and piously counselled therefore it would be a very safe and good course for us to refraine from all novell and new-fangled expressions and to confine the liberty of Prophecying to such Formes and Phrases as the holy Scriptures doe furnish us withall It remaines that wee earnestly beseech the God of Peace to bruise Satan under our feet that shortly unto which God we heartily recommend you Reverend Brother rest May 14. Anno 1634. Your most affectionate friends JAMES ARMAGH WILLIAM KILMORE JOHN ARDAGH THE JUDGEMENT OF THE same right Reverend Father the Lord Arch-Bishop of ARMAGH delivered in a Sermon of his preached before K. IAMES at Wansted Iune 20th 1624. IF at this day wee should take a survay of the severall Professions of Christianity that have any large spread in any part of the world as of the Religion of the Romane and the Reformed Churches in our Quarters of the Aegyptians and Aethiopians in the South of the Grecians other Christians in the Easterne parts and should put-by the Points wherein they differ one from another and gather into one body the rest of the Articles wherein they doe all generally agree wee should finde that in those Propositions which without all Controversie are universally received in the whole Christian world so much trueth is contained as being joyned with holy obedience may be sufficient to bring a man unto everlasting salvation Neither have we cause to doubt but that as many as doe walke accorto this

minde and might promote and further it 2 To this may be further added what must necessarily be confes't by all men that a true and right order'd Charity is of as great necessity for the attaining of Salvation to all Churches and to every particular member in any Church as is the true and entire Profession of sound and saving Faith our Lord and Saviour Christ Jesus make's this the badge and cognizance whereby to distinguish and discerne betwixt his true Disciples and such as are spurious and counterfeit by this shall all men know that yee are my Disciples if yee love one another Now I leave it to every man's conscience to judge what manner of Charity that is which see's and suffer's Christian Churches without all just cause and necessity to stand still at distance and defiance one with another and perpetually to shunne a Reconciliation and Union Is it not enough for us to separate from the hay and stubble I meane from the Errours of other Churches but must we by a voluntary separation forsake the Churches themselves which as yet have not forsaken Christ or his Truth 3 Further yet we see how that both Zuinglians and Lutherans as they are usually termed confesse that those Churches which hold with either side doe notwithstanding still remaine true Christian Churches true members of the Church Catholike whereof Christ is the head The renowned Princes in their Preface prefixt to the Forme of Agreement plainly professe that it was farre from their thoughts and intentions to condemne such persons as erred through the weaknesse of their judgement provided that they did not defame and blaspheme God's Trueth much lesse to condemne whole Churches living either under the Romane Empire or elsewhere nay they did not doubt but that there were many pious religious men living in those Churches though they agreed not with them in all Points of Religion Moreover when it was objected to Lucas Osiander how that he had sometimes termed Calvinists the Divel's Martyres hee forthwith purged himselfe from that aspersion thus They that have heard my Sermons will say that they never heard from me any reproachfull termes against the blessed Martyrs of Christ yea my owne writings publisht to the world will witnesse for me that J termed those which were massacred in France on S. Bartholomewe's day holy Martyres This then would be seriously thought upon whether or no it will stand with the Policy Piety and the duty of Christian Churches for every petty errour to deny the right hand of fellowship and brotherly love to those Churches who in the mean time notwithstanding such errours may continue Christ's blessed Martyrs and holy Brethren They who acknowledge Christ for their elder brother must of necessity whether they will or no have all Christs brethren joyned to them in a most sure and fast knot of consanguinity and communion 4 Besides I am very confident that both the Saxon and Helvetian all other Churches which joyne with either of those two will professe that they desire to have and to retaine a brotherly Communion and Peace with this our Church of England as also with the Scottish Jrish and all other forraigne Churches of the Reformation And truely we for our parts although we doe not assent to them in all points of controverted Divinity yet doe we account of them as our Brethren in Christ and doe solemnely protest that we entertaine a holy and brotherly Communion with them And if they be like affected towards us with what reason then and equitie doe the German Churches deprive themselves of that brotherly Communion one with another which yet they are not afraid to entertaine with forraigne Churches What therefore Moses said long since to the two Israelites that were striving together the same may truly be said to the Germane Churches quarrelling and contending one with another but cannot so truely be disproved Sirs yee are brethren why doe yee wrong one to another 5 Last of all that which all good men are bound to beg of Almighty God in their prayers to him questionlesse they are bound likewise to imploy their best care and endeavours for the procuring of it Now who is there that doe's not daily solicite God for the flourishing and peaceable estate of his Church Who is there that make's it not a part of his daily prayers that God would be pleased to remove out of the way whatsoever doth disquiet and disturbe her peace or any way let and hinder her spirituall growth and edification This was King David's wish it should be the wish of all good Princes and Divines and generally of all Christians Neither did David wish onely the happinesse and prosperity of Gods Church but hee carefully sought to doe it good and as much as in him lay he did procure and effect it All this was but duty in him to doe and can it be lesse then dutie in us And here I should but trifle away the time should I goe about to play the Oratour and expresse at large to the Germane Churches the blessings that accompany Peace Unitie the many miseries calamities of a long-continued Schisme and Division That speech of Prudentius is a most certaine trueth scissura domestica turbat Rem populi titubatque foris quod dissiditiktùs civill and intestine broiles alwaies prove the undoing of a people nor doe things ever goe right abroad when there is dissention at home What may make most for the good and advantage of their Churches let it be their care to consider and resolve this with themselves that what ever it be it is not onely to be sought after with their prayers but with the utmost diligence and endeavours of every one of them in particular Neither let any unexperienced men amongst them thinke or hope that they shall ingratiate themselves with Papists and so live more peaceably by them and suffer lesse harme from them by refusing to enter into freindship and fellowship with Calvinists as they terme them What is to be hoped for expected from them we may learne from Osiander Papists saith he spare neither Lutherans nor Zuinglians but condemne both of them to fire and faggot in all those places where the Pope that raging and ravenous beast of Rome beare's rule and sway They that are most in favour with them can at best but hope for that kindnesse from them which Vlysses in Homer obtained of Polyphemus {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} to be devoured last after he had lookt on and seene all his freinds and companions devoured before him They will perhaps destroy the Calvinists first but the Lutherans must look to follow after them none are like to escape in the end if once the Papists have them at their mercy What hitherto hath been said is to show that a Communion and Reconciliation of the Germane Churches is a thing not only possible but in obedience to Gods commandement a necessary

renounce these their private Doctrines But for those who hold some erroneous Opinion which yet may consist with Piety Charity and all Christian duties belonging thereunto we think as S. Paul seeme's to have determined a Communion may be held with them Wee may mildly admonish such and when opportunity is offered discreetly reprove and instruct them but to cast them out of the Church and for no other cause to curse and excommunicate them as men in a desperate and damnable estate this in our opinion is neither fitting nor lawfull to be done Now to apply this to the matter in hand we conceive that to this latter sort all those Controversies doe belong which are agitated amongst Protestant Divines touching Christ's presence in the Sacramentall ●ignes touching divine Praedestination and some few other Points For they doe agree in all such Points as conduce either to Piety towards God or Charity towards men they maintain on both sides that the Scriptures are of divine inspiration that they are perfect perspicuous and authenticall they detest with one heart mouth the Tyranny and pernitious Doctrines of the Pope and they equally keep off from entertaining a Communion with him they have the same Sacraments they worship the same Christ they professe the same righteousnesse and holinesse in this life and they expect the same glory in the life to come in a word so great and so wonderfull an agreement is there betwixt them about all saving and necessary Doctrines that did not the history of their affaires and those bitter contentions which have hitherto more is the pitty been fomented amongst them witnesse the contrary there 's no man but would thinke they had a meeting at the beginning and by common counsell consent agreed upon the same Confession of Faith In such a multitude of mysteries who can chuse but admire that there should not be above one or two Points wherein they did not fully agree For even about the Eucharist which is the maine matter of this woefull Division they both of them grant that 't is a Sacrament not a Sacrifice that it is to be eaten not worshipped both the two kindes instituted by our Saviour Christ to wit bread and wine are neither transubstantiated nor divided one from the other by either side they both acknowledge the same use and end of this holy Rite to wit the commemorating of Christ's death the partaking of his body which was crucified and of his blood which was shed for us There is onely one thing about which they disagree namely the manner how Christ's body is given to us and received by us in that Sacrament the thing is the same on both sides onely the manner of it is divers This Difference though it be but small yet is it not wee confesse altogether of no moment but that it should be of so great moment as that it ought to make a breach of charity and affection amongst Brethren a duty so useful and necessary to the Christian world and so miraculously wrought amongst them by the hand of Heaven this we utterly deny Neither doe We alone deny it to say nothing of our Brethren in Poland and almost all the Germans which hold with us who as it is well knowne to all men ever did and at this day doe make the same reckoning and account of that Controversy as we but now did to say nothing likewise of those famous Divines of both sides in Saxony and Brandenburge who as we have been informed were lately of the very same opinion concerning these Points when they had fairely discussed them at Lipswich whither they were come with their Princes But one thing there is which we cannot here omit to mention a matter perhaps not so well knowne to forraine nations yet such a matter it is as we confidently beleive will be most welcome and acceptable to all good peaceable men to wit that the Reformed Churches here in France whereof there are good store have alwaies been of that same Opinion touching these Controversies they have given testimony of this their Opinion both heretofore sundry waies and likewise now very lately by an expresse Decree made in a generall Synod held here at Charenton neare Paris in the yeare 1631. For when upon occasion of a citizen of Lions unto whose daughter a certaine young German of the Augustane Confession as they call it was a suiter it was questiond how we are to account and esteeme of such as are commonly termed Lutherans all the Brethren which were there met out of all the Provinces of France and sent thither from their several Churches did unanimously vote thus That seeing the Churches of the Augustane Confession doe agree with the other Reformed Churches in all the Principles and fundamentall Points of true Religion and that in their Discipline and forme of Divine worship there is neither Idolatry nor Superstition such of the Faithfull of that Confession as shall with the spirit of Charity and in a truly peaceable way joyne themselves unto the publike Assemblies of the Churches in this Kingdome and desire to communicate with them may without the abjuration of their former Opinions which they hold contrary to the beleife of these Churches be admitted to the holy Table contract marriages with the faithfull of our Confession and present themselves in the quality of Godfathers to the children which shall be baptized upon their promise given to the Consistory that they will never solicite such children directly or indirectly against the Doctrine beleived and professed in our Churches but shall content themselves with giving them instruction onely in those Points wherein we all agree We are not ignorant how that many objections may be made against this Decree by such as have a mind to contend cavill but such objections they are most of them as have but litle strength and validity in them and such as can no way stand in comparison with those waighty reasons wherewith the Christian Faith and Charity doe furnish us It is not our purpose to insist on every particular onely in general we think it not amisse to put men in minde of two things which if they were observed with that care as it fitting both sides perhaps would henceforth judge more mildly and charitably of each other than hitherto they have done First then speciall heed would be taken by us that the assertions and Opinions of private men though Doctors though of never so great esteem and repute amongst their own men be not father'd on that whole Church wherein such men live as the common and generally received Doctrine of them all For what can be imagined more unequall than that one man's crime or commendation should be imputed to all and what by him hath been spoken well or ill should be rewarded or punished in others who were so farre from deserving any such matter as that many times such things are fastned on them as they never so much as once heard of