Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	child_n	woman_n	womb_n	1,403	5	9.8281	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A30877	Thesaurus chirurgiae : the chirurgical and anatomical works of Paul Barbette ... composed according to the doctrine of the circulation of the blood, and other new inventions of the moderns : together with a treatise of the plague, illustrated with observations / translated out of Low-Dutch into English ... ; to which is added the surgeon's chest, furnished both with instruments and medicines ... and to make it more compleat, is adjoyned a treatise of diseases that for the most part attend camps and fleets ; written in High-Dutch by Raymundus Minderius.; Chirurgie nae de hedendaeghse practijck beschreven. English	Barbette, Paul, d. 1666?; Barbette, Paul, d. 1666? Pest-beschrijving. English.; Fabricius Hildanus, Wilhelm, 1560-1634. New Feldtartznybuch von Kranckheiten und Shäden. English.; Minderer, Raymund, 1570?-1621. Medicina militaris. English.	1687 (1687)	Wing B701; ESTC R15665	250,985	581

the Birth If any one of these be wanting then one of these four things necessarily happens either 1. Both the Mother and the Child although they may live yet there follows no Exclusion 2. Or the Mother lives and the Child dies 3. Or the Child lives and the Mother dies 4. Or both the Mother and Infant dies Causes hindering Labour are 1. When the Pains of the Birth are none or not sufficient 2. The great weakness of the Mother 3. The greatness and strength of the Child and on the contrary the slender and tender Constitution of the Mother or when the passages are so straight that the Infant cannot come through them 4. The number of Children especially if they endeavor to come forth at the same time 5. The transverse or any other preternatural posture of the Child 6. If the Child in the Birth it self be fallen down with its Head upon the fore-port of the Ossa-Pubis which case Authors of the greatest account whom I know and our Midwives have not at all observed so by how much the greater the Pains of the Birth are there is so much the less hope of coming out except the Head be first a little raised and the Foetus be turned towards the back and so into its true passage by the hand of the Midwife 7. The Weakness of the Child it self which makes it not able to add any thing towards its Exclusion 8. The Death of the Child 9. The not sufficient recesses of the Hip-bones towards the Back for the Ossa-Pubis except in the very hardest Labours and then but very seldom do divide The Signs of a Dead Child are as followeth The Mother feels no more the Motion of the Infant although strengthening Cordials be exhibit'd but in this case when the Infant is as it were tir'd stirs it self a little you have a much more certain Sign Take a piece of the Crum of Bread and dip it in Canary Wine and apply it to the Navel of the Mother then open a Vein in the Foot and if by the use of these things there follows not a motion of the Infant it is a very ill Sign When the Mother turns her self from one side to the other and perceives the Child to fall on the side laid upon like a stone or a great weight the Face and chiefly the Lips grow pale the extream parts cold as likewise the lower Belly the Paps begin to grow lank the Breath becomes fetid great pains of the Head Faintings and Fevers Water and stinking Gleet flows out of the Womb If the After-Birth be excluded before the Child 't is impossible the Child can live long but the surest sign of all is if the Membrane of the Head of the Child be not observed to be any longer tense for as long as it is tense the Infant lives Prognostick Except the dead Child be suddenly drawn forth it puts the Mother in great hazard of Life The Fever not being great other Symptoms though great and fearful yet take not away the hope of recovery The Cure If Medicines with the aid of Mother and Midwife profit little then must the business be committed wholly to the Chirurgeon except the Woman be too weak or the Child having been dead for many days which he ought to consider lest he lose both his Credit and Labour But first it is diligently to be enquired into which of the Causes it is that hinders the Birth If the Child be greater and the passage straighter than usually they ought to be dilated this some Midwives do with convenient Instruments and so draw forth the Child alive but where they are wanting the Midwife must clutch her hand very close and thrust through the Internal Orifice into the Womb it self then putting her Fingers one after another through the Orifice into the inner part of the Womb to discover the situation of the Child and if she finds the Arms or Feet to come inconveniently let her gently raise it up bringing the Head downwards which if she finds to be next the Orifice if possible let her put in her other hand through the Pudenda into the Womb and so with both her hands laying hold of it draw it forth But if this Operation cannot be performed then with a hook firmly fixt lest it injure the inside of the Womb in the Mouth Eye or Ear of the Child and so gently draw it forth and if the Faetus will not follow then with another Hook blunt on the out-side and sharp within let him cut in pieces the Belly Breast or Head of the Child and if the Arms or Legs cannot be brought forth let him cut them off so at length being deprived of its Limbs the remainder may be drawn forth But if by this way the Woman can neither be deliver'd with a sharp and strong Knife the Limbs one after another are to be cut out and so the Child be drawn forth by piece-meal It is necessary that this be perform'd by none but a good Anatomist The Secundine will presently follow the Birth for it 's of no use that being excluded for the Mouth of the Womb suddenly after delivery is so closly shut that not without great pain it can admit the Hand of the Midwife therefore the Midwife as soon as may be is to draw it forth and with her fingers if it sticks very close to the Womb gently to separate it but not pluck it a way forcibly which is mortal and although many Writers and Midwives of inferior Rank little regard the retention of the After-Birth for some time after delivery yet I think I have good reason to pronounce it one of the greatest Symptoms of Womens Labour CHAP. XXIV Of the Extirpating of a Mortified Part. WHen a Dead Part altogether becomes useless that it may not do any injury to the neighboring Parts it is to be taken away But in what place Most convenient is the Joynt but the cure by such Extirpation is render'd more difficult and the use of the Part altogether lost therefore the Extirpation is better to be made two or three or more fingers breadth below the Joynt except the Mortification hath extended it self to the uppermost part of the Arms or Thighs for then we are forced to take the Joynt it self But again in what Part whether in the whole or Mortified The Amputation is more safe in the sound Part although accompanied with greater Pain The common way both of the Ancient and Modern The Patient having receiv'd convenient nourishment is to be placed upon a Form then let the Skin and fubjacent Muscles be drawn up as much as possible by a strong Man and there kept and an inch above the place where the Member is design'd to be taken off with a narrow Ligature is the Part to be very hard bound this done with a dismembring Knife the Skin with the Flesh is speedily to be cut all round to the Part and the Periostium by scraping is to be separated from the Bone

it well observing here that the Arm during the whole time of Cure must remain in that posture in which it was extended otherwise the Fracture will upon the least change of its posture slip out again Where yet 't is to be understood that the Chirurgeon after the second or third dressing as often as after that he dresseth the Patient must stretch out his Arm strait to the end that the Tendons which run from the Arm and are inserted below the Elbow shrinking by the long lying still may not cause a troublesome stiffness However this shrinking of Tendons which are by pretenders to Chirurgery ridiculously call'd Nerves may yet conveniently be cured in two or three months if you make the Patient to carry every day some weight and endeavor to relax and mollifie the Tendons with Fomentations and Embrocations abstaining from the use of any Brandy or any other corroborating and astringent Medicines I have always found successful the following Unguent Take Man's and Duck's Grease of each one ounce Oyntment of Marsh-mallows half an ounce Oyl of Earth-worms white Lilly and Camomile of each two drams Make an Oyntment This broken Bone is cured in forty days The restoring of the broken Thigh-bone hath nothing different from this 12. The Elbow hath two Bones of which the greater is called Radius the lesser Ulna both Fociles The small Focile being broken 't is easie to restore it The Cure is harder when the great one is broken and yet harder when both are broken In which case the extention is to be made the stronger When they be well set and bound up then must the hand be placed a little higher upon the Chest than the Elbow and afterwards every second or third day without pain or violence the Arm is gently to be stretch'd out to the end that the Humors flowing thither and there staying too long may not cause a concretion in the Bones and a stiffness in the Arm as not extensible any more It is cured in thirty days 13. The Leg hath also two Bones the greater called Tibia and the lesser Fibula Their Cure had nothing different from the next foregoing 14. If the Patella or Knee-pan break cross-ways the Patient commonly remains lame If it break long-ways then by the Muscles that draw upwards without any great help of the hands it is almost of it self restored and cured in twenty days CHAP. V. Of the Nature Difference Signs Causes Prognosticks and Cure of Dislocations in general A Dislocation is a forcing of the Bone out of its cavity and natural place into another hindering voluntary motion The Differences are taken 1. From the manner for sometimes the Bone is altogether forced out of its place and that is properly called Luxation or Dislocation Sometimes it is got out but a little or half which is called Sub-laxation or Elongation 2. From the Cause for sometimes it is from an external accident as by wrestlings Falls or Blows c. Sometimes from internal Causes by the afflux of Humors The Causes are of two sorts 1. External Such as are Falling Beating Running Wrestling and vehement extention as it often happens to Women in Labour through the unskilfulness of Midwives yea by a violent stroke or fall even the Bones of the Infant in the Womb may be dislocated 2. Internal By the afflux of Humors which falling into the Joints relax and resolve the Ligaments and so causeth the Bones to slip out of their places The Signs especially in a lean Body are manifest enough The Bone causeth in the place to which it is forced a tumor or rising and in that whence it is forced a cavity If there be a perfect Dislocation the Member will be drawn up and shorter unless the luxation happen by the laxity of the Ligaments than it becomes longer the part is painful chiefly upon motion In a Subluxation these Accidents are lesser and seldom all together Prognosticks In Children and other tender Bodies the Bones may be reduced more easily but are kept in with more difficulty the contrary happens in strong and full grown persons The Dislocation of the Head is mortal that of the Vertebra's dangerous and that which is inveterate is hard to be cured That which proceeds from an inward Cause is of a slower Cure and does easily return Cure The Bone forced out must be reduced to its place either by the Hands Ligatures or Instruments but by which of these three it shall be performed the Nature of the affected part will declare 'T is certain that these four Manual Operations Extention Setting Binding and Well-placing must here be used as well as in Fractures of Bones Extention must be made so great that there may be a cavity between the Bone that remains well and that which hath been forced away to the end that in the setting the one may not rub against the other whence afterwards are wont to rise very grievious and sometimes incurable Accidents In the Setting care must be had not to wrest the Bones nor the Muscles but to keep their natural figure Before you proceed to binding up the Member endeavour to preserve the part from inflammation and flux of Humors and strengthen it with the following Medicines A strengthening Plaster Take Frankincense Mastick Bole-armonick Dragons-Blood of each half an ounce fine-Flower an ounce Roots of great Comfrey two drams Weather-Sewet three ounces white-Wax as much as sufficeth to make a Plaister Another Take Litharge Wax Rosin of each three ounces being melted over the fire add to them of great Comfrey Bean-Meal Bole-armonick steeped in Vinegar and dried of each three ounces Tragacanth two ounces Make it into a Plaister If the pain or other symptoms do not necessarily require it you ought not to loosen the Bandage before the fifth sixth or seventh day and then do it with as little motion as is possible Lastly lay the Part even and in such a posture in which when found it can longest remain without trouble If you find the Dislocation accompanied by an Inflammation beware of extending the part or doing ought to it before that be removed which you are to do first with emollient and afterwards with discutient Medicines An Emollient Unguent Take the compound Ointment of Marsh-mallows two drams Hogs-grease half an ounce Oyl of white-Lillies Roses and Mirtles as much as is sufficient to make it into a Linament A Discutient Plaister Take Colophony Frankincense Mastick Pitch of each an Ounce Cummin-seeds Fennel-seeds of each six drams Wax and Oyl of Dill as much as sufficeth Mix them and make it into a Plaister CHAP. VI. Of particular Dislocations 1. THe Jaw-bone except it be in young Children can hardly be dislocated otherwise than forwards Sometimes it is only dislocated in one side and is easily restored sometimes in both in which case it is difficult to set and very dangerous and often mortal It is very seldom luxated from a debility of the Muscles sometimes from the laxity of the Ligaments for

the Arteries to be conveyed through the whole Body every part of this Blood nourisheth those parts which are of the like temperament with it self the Hot part of it nourisheth the Hot the Dry the Dry the Moist the Moist c. that which is here not well concocted must be brought back again to be perfected Why we say that the Veins are not sufficient and the passages not commodious enough to perform the same whose Office we know is to bring back to the Heart the Blood not sufficiently concocted the Reason is that the Water always remaining in the Vessels rendered the Blood too thin so deprived it of its natural consistence and strength From all those so clearly and distinctly laid down it sufficiently appears what the CIRCULATION OF THE BLOOD is to wit a continual motion of the Blood out of the Arteries into the Vena Cava and Porta to the Liver and Heart that in them it may be fitted for the Nutrition and the life of the whole Body Out of the subtilest part of the Blood are the SPIRITS produced which are two-fold 1. Vital which begotten in the Heart carry life to the parts of the Body 2. Animal who out of the Vitals elaborated in the Brain impart Sense and Motion to the Body The Natural at the same time that the Circulation of the Blood was found out vanished Chirurgical Considerations 1. The Ductus Salivales when the string of the Tongue is to be cut or the Ranine Vein to be opened or any other Disease of the Tongue that is to be cured by Manual Operation warn you to have great care of those little Glandules in which they end that they might not be hurt with the Launcet lest there follow a continual spitting The great Glandule also of the Neck from whence these Ductus's take their rise when it is inflamed admits not of the use of Mercury for from hence a dangerous Salivation may very easily be raised 2. The Lacteal Veins either the greater or the lesser are oftentimes from a Contusion or Wound so greviously hurt that they cannot carry the Chile to the Heart and though the wound be cured with great diligence care and speed yet the Patient will fall into a Consumption whence follows Death inevitably This Truth will defend Chirurgeons from many Calumnies In Children and older People is often perceiv'd an induration and inflamation of the Abdomen the cause of which is the hardness of the Mesaraic Glandules which allow not passage for the Chile to the great Lecteal Vein except the very thinnest of it whence the flesh of the Muscles wasts the Body becomes heavy and weary and at length a Feaver and a wasting of the whole Body This evil I use to remedy without any great trouble with this External Liniment Take compound Oyntment of Marshmallows Ointment of Sow-bread of Martiaton of each two drams Oyl of white Lillies of Camomile of each three drams Mix it into an Ointment Inwardly the following Troches are excellent being continually used the whole time of the Cure Take prepared Steel prepared Crabs-Eyes of each a scruple Vitriolated Tartar half a dram Sal Prunella xvj grains Species Aromatici Rosati a scruple white Sugar two ounces Make them into Troches according to Art In this case Purging is not to be used but with Cassia Cream of Tartar and Laxative Syrups for the Glandules will not bear strong Purges 3. The Blood taken out upon the opening a Vein oftentimes after some few hours space appears very dry and destitute of all Serum which for the most part is ascrib'd to its too great Heat and Adustion but this Argument is very invalid for if the same day the same or another Vein be again opened there will be found a great quantity of Serum in the Blood therefore the true Cause is to be deduc'd from the Circulation of the Blood but especially in the Lymphatick Vessels which at that time draws the Serum and Humidity and so leaves the Blood dry It very often also happens that the Body becomes Tumid Turgid and Languid upon which the fearful Physitian forthwith pronounces nought but dangers When with the use of Internal and External Sudorificks the Patient in a short time may be cured The Cause of this Disease is not from the intemperature and debility of those parts the Ancients call'd Noble for it may easily be distinguished from the Dropsie which these parts occasion for although the sick persons are very dull and weary yet are they not anxious but breath free and the Belly swells not much In the Face and Joynts especially is a watry Matter collected but if the swell'd parts are compressed by the Finger we perceive much less Serum to be contained in the parts than in a true Dropsie from whence those that understand not the true Cause are wont to ascribe this Inflammation to wind But the Lymphatick Vessels when comprest broke or by any other way obstructed so that the natural motion of the Lympha is hindred occasions this evil 1. The Circulation of the Blood requires all venomous and deprav'd Humors which are thrown out either by Nature it self or that outwardly happen to the Body at the very first instant forthwith to be expelled out of the Glandules and the Skin by the means of attractive Medicines lest that the whole Blood in a very short time be infected and the Heart it self opprest and suffer under it The which doth sufficiently declare how dangerous it is to open a Vein and to purge in a Venereal and Pestilential Bubo nay in all venomous Wounds as on the contrary how necessary it is to cast forth the offending matter by the use of Sudorifick and Attracting Medicines As moreover how that the invention of the Circulation of the Blood is of very great use in the Art of Physick CHAP. XV. The Division of the Body MAn's Body is most conveniently divided into the Venters or Regions and Joynts There are three Venters 1. The Head or the supream Region or Cavity to it is joined the Neck which is its prop. 2. The Thorax Breast or middle Region 3. The Abdomen lower Belly or lower Region The Joynts are the two Arms and the two Legs Chirurgical Considerations We divide the Body after this manner that it may be known what place each part of the Body ought to keep to those that read the following every thing will become more manifest But there is so great consent of all the Parts so great concord that no part may be by it self consider'd without a consideration of the whole therefore I think it necessary that in a few words the foundation of this mutual consent be here declar'd 1. In every part is required a natural temper for the Liver being too hot the Stomach too cold the Brain too dry c. the whole Body must be out of order 2. A sufficient number for in the Hand if the least Bone Tendon or Artery c. be wanting forthwith its

c. pag. 101 Scraping 37 how it s performed on the Bones pag. 65 Scrotum its watry Tumor how cured by Paracentesis pag. 51 Secundine its extraction pag. 74 Seton where how c. to be made pag. 71 Shortness of Breath pag. 280 Shoulder-Blade Broken pag. 13 Sinchondrosis pag. 208 Sincurosis Ibid. Skull and its parts 209. its Fractures 10. its Bones and Sutures pag. 209 Sphacelus its Causes Signs Cure c. pag. 116 Sparmatocele pag. 34 Spermatick Vessels pag. 319 Spinal Marrow pag. 293 Spittle its use matter c. pag. 250 Spleen its Wound pag. 175 Sternum pag. 208 Stitching in cure of Wounds how to be performed pag. 160 Sticking-Plaister pag. 161 Stomach its History pag. 315 Stone in the Bladder cause sign c. 83. its Extraction pag. 82 Suture pag. 208 Sumphysis Ibid. Synerthosis Ibid. Synthesis what it is pag. 1 Syssarcosis pag. 208 T. TAlus pag. 338 Tarsus and its Bones pag. 211 Teeth how many c. 273. their pain its cause and cure 282. their Breeding in Children how remedied pag. 284 Temperaments of men described pag. 202 203 Temples what pag. 268 Terebration 37. How performed pag. 67 Testes of the Brain pag. 294 Testicles of men 320. in Women 321. Inflamed 326. Cancer Sphacelus pag. 327 328 Thigh 210. Broken 15. Dislocated pag. 24 Thorns things to draw them out of a Wound pag. 158 Tibia 210. It s Fracture pag. 16 Timpanum pag. 276 Tongue-tied the Cure pag. 47 Tophs pag. 214 Tumor its Causes c. 88. Flatulent its Cause Cure c. pag. 107 Tunicle conjunctiva Adnata Retina Aranea Cornea Vitrea Vvea 274. Elytroides Erithroides Albuginea pag. 320 V. VAlves of the Vena Cava 225. of Vena Pulmonalis 226 of the great Artery 228. of Arteria Pulmonalis pag. 230 Veins their difference 221. Adiposa 224. Atteriosa 230. Axillares 224. Azygos 223. Basilica 224. Cava and its distribution 222. Cephalica Cervicalis 224. Coronaria Stomachi 226. Cordis 223. Emulgens 224. Epigastrica Ibid. Gastrica minor 225. Major 226. Gastroepiloris 225. Haemorrhoidalis 226. Hypogastrica 224. Intercostalis Jugularis 223. Intestinalis Ischiatica 225. Lactea Magna 253. Lumbaris 224. Mammaria 223. Mediastina 223 Mediana 224. Mesenterica Mesocolica 226. Muscula inferior superior 223. Phrenica ibid. Poplitea Porta 225. Pulmonalis 226. Saphena 225. Spermatica Salvatella 224. Subclavia 223. Splenica 226. Thoracica 224. Vmbilicalis 314. which to be cut in particular Diseases pag. 227 Venters of the Body what and how many pag. 266 Ventricles of the Brain 294. of the Heart pag. 307 Vertebra's of the Neck 210 297. of the Loyns 312 of the Abdomen of the Back pag. 210 Vlcers their difference causes signs cure 177 178. with foul Bones their cause sign cure 182. Spreading and Malignant 184. Fistulous 186. of the Eyes 194. of the Legs 199. of the Nose 195. of the Bladder 197. of the Womb 199. Vlcerous Excrescency pag. 211 Vnition pag. 2 Vreter 319. Exulcerated pag. 325 Vrethra pag. 321 W. WAtry Passages 261. Tumor pag. 103 Wind Medicines discussing it pag. 108 Womb its History 322. inflamed c. 329. its falling down 34. Haemorrhoides 330. whether it can be taken away pag. 329 Worms in the Pericranium in the Bladder their Remedies pag. 325 Wounds their difference causes signs c. 147. their symptoms and cure 153. of the Stomach their cure 174. which are mortal 149. their Lips how to be joyned 159. of the Ears and Lips 173. of the Head and Brain 172. of Heart 174. of the Face 172. of the Guts 175. of the Liver and Spleen 175. of the Nerves their causes c. 166. of the Eyes 173. of the Lungs Ib. of the Kidneys 176. Made by Gun-shut 168. of the Tendons 166 Poysoned 170. of the Bladder pag. 176 Wrenching pag. 17 Y. YArd pag. 321 FINIS MEDICINA MILITARIS OR A BOBY OF MILITARY MEDICINES Experimented BY Raymundus Mindererus Late Chief Physician of the Electoral Court of Bavaria and of the Imperial City of Aspurg Englished out of High-Dutch LONDON Printed for Charles Shortgrave at the Turk's-Head in St. Paul's Church-Yard 1686. CISTA MILITARIS OR A Military Chest Furnished Either for SEA or LAND With Convenient MEDICINES and necessary INSTRUMENTS Amongst which is also a Description of Dr. LOWER'S LANCET for the more safe Bleeding Written in Latine By Gulielmus Fabritius Hildanus Englished for publick Benefit LONDON Printed for Charles Shortgrave at the Turk's-Head in St. Paul's Church-Yard 1686. A Description of a LANCET FOR The more secure Letting of BLOOD By Dr. LOWER FOrasmuch as it hath been thought convenient by several good Chirurgeons to contrive a safe way of Blood-letting for the benefit of young Beginners in that Profession and whereas Dr. LOWER of late in his Treatise of the Heart hath discovered a plain and secure way of Bleeding and given a figure of the Lancet which he commends for that purpose I have been advised for the publick Good to translate what he hath written and likewise give the figure of the Lancet and description of the Use of it as it is printed in the 166 page of the last and truest Edition of his Book Printed at Amsterdam 1671. in the Author 's own words HOw great Ebullition sometimes happens in the Blood in what vessels and with what swift motion it is cast about every where through the Body and if an Artery be opened how quickly and with what force it breaks out it hath been hitherto treated of in the foregoing Discourse by which it appears how necessary sometimes Blood-letting is to diminish its Quantity or to stop its Career and how dangerous the Administration of it is if it be performed by a rude and unskilful hand For it often happening either by want of skill or common practice of Bleeding which makes the Mind fearful and consequently the Hand trembling and uncertain that an Artery is opened or a Nerve or Tendon cut or prick'd whence follows Swellings Pains Inflammations Gangrenes or Convulsions which put the member in danger of being cut off or render'd useless I thought it might not be beyond the scope of my Treatise if by way of Appendix I should shew by what means and Instrument any Vein might be safely and securely opened if it swell upon a Ligature though it have an Artery Nerve or Tendon immediately under it Forasmuch therefore as never any harm happens in Blood-letting unless a Vein be prick'd through or slipping aside the Lancet be put too deep into the part the Fabrick of this Lancet is such and ought to be so put into the Vein as both may be easily prevented For the Lancet is so contrived that it is not cutting on each side unless it be near the point but is purposely blunt and made round on the lower side which is to be applied next to the skin that it may more easily slide over it as it appears by the following Table in which a the Lancet b the place where the upper edge