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A49896 An historical vindication of The naked Gospel recommended to the University of Oxford. Le Clerc, Jean, 1657-1736. 1690 (1690) Wing L816; ESTC R21019 43,004 72

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and threatnings to permit Arius to return to Alexandria However they could not then accomplish their purpose and we shall see in the sequel the bickerings which they had with this Bishop Since the Council of Nice had been distmist and that they had been banisht This usage and the decisions of Nice had but only outwardly allai'd the disputes which lasts still when they were recalled Eusebius assures us that the Bishops of Egypt had been ever since over Head and Ears in quarrels and Socrates says (a) lib. 1. c. 23. that he found from the Letters of the Bishops of those times that some were scandaliz'd at the word Consubstantial examining says he this term with too great application they fell foul on one another and their quarrels did not ill resemble a combat in the dark It appears they sufficiently bespattered one another with calumnies without knowing wherefore Those who rejected the word Consubstantial thought the others hereby introduced the opinions of Sabellius and Montanus and treated them as impious as denying the existence 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the Son of God On the contrary those who stuck to the word Consubstantial imagining the others would introduce a plurality of Gods had as great aversion as if they would have reestablisht Paganism Eustathius Bishop of Antioch accused Eusebius Bishop of Cesarea for the Nicene Creed Eusebius denied it and charged on the other side Eustathius of Sabellianism thus the Bishops wrote one against another They all accorded in saying the Son has a particular Existence and that there is only one God in three Hypostases yet they could not agree nor remain quiet This is the effect of equivocal terms which were introduced into Christianity without well defining them and the bad custom of most of the Ancients who never speak calmly of these matters who have thought of nothing less than the expressing themselves clearly and who seem to prove they spake sincerely when they testified to believe that the mistery about which they disputed was incomprehensible by expressing themselves thereon in an unintelligible manner Eustathius Bishop of Antioch (a) Socr. lib. 1. cap. 24. accusing of Arianism Eusebius of Cesarea Paulinus of Tyre and Patrophilus of Scythopolis and these Bishops accusing him in their turns of Sabellianism to know who had reason on their side a Synod was assembled at Antioch in 329. the conclusions of which were disadvantagious to Eustathius It consisted of Bishops who had sign'd the Nicene Creed only by force among whom were the two Eusebius's Theognis of Nice Theodotus of Laodicea in Syria Narcissus of Neroniada Aetius of Lydiae Alphaeus of Apamea and Theodorus of Sidon Assoon as ever they arriv'd at Antioch a Woman of ill fame presented her self to 'em with a little Child which she said to have had by Eustathius and desired them to do her right against him as refusing to receive his Child Eustathius made great protestations of his innocency but this Woman having been believed upon her Oath he was deposed (a) Theod. Sozom. some Authors affirmed that the Arian Bishops had suborn'd her to have an occasion for the deposing of Eustathius and that the true cause of his deposal was his adherence to the Nicene Creed Others say it was the pretended Sabellianism of which he was accused and some have contented themselves with saying there were other accusations for which he had been deposed whereupon Socrates (b) loco cit makes this remarkable reflection The Bishops are wont to deal thus with all those whom they depose accusing and declaring them impious without shewing wherein A Bishop was afterwards to be substituted in Eustathius his place and the Arian Bishops cast their eyes on Eusebius of Cesarea But there arose a violent sedition hereupon some willing to retain Eustathius and others accepting Eusebius They had come to Fisticuffs had not the Emperor taken care by sending one of his Officers who appeased the People and made them understand how Eustathius deserv'd to be sent into Exile and in effect he was sent into Thrace However Eusebius did a thing which made him receive very honourable Letters from the Emperor which he has inserted in the life of this Prince which is that according to the Canons he refused to pass from one Church to another Constantin heapt up Praises on him by reason of this refusal and wrote to the Council and the Church of Antioch to let him remain where he was So that instead of Eusebius there was elected Euphronius Priest of Cappadocia whom the Emperor had named with George of Arethusa to the end the Council might choose which they pleased (a) Soc. 1.27 Seq Soz. Theod. Having deposed Eustathius the Arian Bishops labored to procure the return of Arius to Alexandria where Athanasius would not permit him to enter as has been already said They engaged the Emperor to write to this Bishop but Athanasius still defended himself in that he could not receive into the Church those who had forsook the Faith and been excommunicated so that Constantin wrote to him an angry Letter that he should receive into the Church those he ordered him under pain of banishment The obstinacy of this Bishop who would part with none of the advantages which the Council of Nice had granted to his Predecessor against the Meletians had also drawn on him the enmity of these Schismaticks The Council had ordained that Melece should only retain the name of Bishop without exercising any function of his Office and without ordaining any Successor and that those whom he had ordained should have no part in Elections However Melece at his death had ordained one John for his Successor and the Meletian Priests would have the same priviledges as others Athanasius could not consent to any thing of this and equally ill treated the Meletians and Arians This conduct reunited the two parties who had been till that time opposite The Meletians were of the Nicene opinion but by conversing with the Arians they soon entred into their Sentiments and joyn'd together to induce Constantin to accept of several Accusations against Athanasius as having imposed a kind of Tribute on Egypt in ordering it to furnish the Church of Alexandria with a certain number of Linnen Garments in having supplied a certain seditious Person with Mony named Philumenus in having caused a Chalice to be broken overthrown the Table of a Church and burnt the Holy Books for having mis-used several Priests and committed divers Violences in having cut off the Arm of a Meletian Bishop named Arsenius and keeping it to use in Magical Operations Constantin acknowledg'd the Innocency of Athanasius in regard of the two first Accusations and for the rest he refer'd it to an Assembly of divers Bishops which was at Cesarea in Palestine where Athanasius not appearing he was cited to a Synod at Tyre in the year 334 and which consisted of Bishops of Egypt Lybia Asia and Europe Athanasius was in Suspence whether he