creditor_n because_o they_o have_v not_o then_o interest_n and_o so_o their_o interest_n can_v not_o be_v say_v to_o be_v prejudge_v there_o be_v no_o speciality_n as_o to_o he_o why_o he_o may_v not_o be_v capable_a of_o the_o same_o donation_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o this_o will_v ruin_v commerce_n because_o a_o father_n may_v grant_v such_o a_o right_n and_o thereafter_o keep_v it_o latent_fw-la and_o cheat_v his_o creditor_n with_o who_o he_o trade_v who_o can_v not_o know_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o defunct_a to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o act_n 1621._o introduce_v no_o such_o speciality_n in_o favour_n of_o trade_n but_o upon_o the_o contrair_a such_o disposition_n when_o make_v by_o merchant_n be_v less_o presumeable_a to_o be_v do_v in_o defraud_n of_o creditor_n then_o when_o make_v by_o such_o as_o have_v no_o trade_n nor_o commerce_n because_o trader_n may_v grant_v band_n to_o their_o child_n in_o expectation_n of_o what_o they_o may_v gain_v and_o when_o they_o â—ell_v thereafter_o insolvendo_fw-la that_o may_v be_v impute_v to_o their_o loss_n by_o sea_n or_o trade_n and_o not_o to_o the_o donation_n in_o favour_n of_o child_n upon_o which_o debate_n the_o lord_n repel_v the_o reason_n found_v upon_o the_o act_n 1621._o the_o 2._o reason_n be_v that_o this_o band_n be_v reduceable_a ex_fw-la capite_fw-la doli_fw-la as_o grant_v by_o collusion_n betwixt_o father_n and_o son_n in_o necem_fw-la creditorum_fw-la and_o to_o defraud_v their_o just_a interest_n which_o dole_n and_o fraud_n be_v infer_v from_o these_o circumstance_n 1._o that_o the_o son_n be_v forisfamiliat_v and_o provide_v it_o can_v not_o be_v grant_v for_o any_o onerus_a cause_n 2._o the_o band_n be_v keep_v latent_fw-la till_o the_o father_n die_v 3._o it_o do_v bear_v no_o annualrent_n and_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n be_v delay_v till_o after_o the_o father_n death_n 4._o their_o debt_n be_v all_o contract_v immediate_o after_o the_o grant_n of_o this_o band_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v clear_o that_o he_o have_v design_v to_o exhaust_v his_o estate_n by_o this_o band_n in_o favour_n of_o his_o son_n and_o then_o to_o contract_v debt_n free_o and_o to_o apply_v their_o money_n to_o the_o payment_n of_o this_o band._n upon_o which_o qualification_n of_o fraud_n the_o lord_n reduce_v the_o band._n the_o three_o reason_n be_v that_o this_o band_n grant_v by_o a_o father_n to_o a_o son_n be_v but_o a_o legittim_n or_o portion_n natural_a in_o the_o construction_n of_o law_n and_o therefore_o be_v revockable_a by_o the_o father_n and_o consequent_o by_o his_o creditor_n and_o legittim_n do_v only_o affect_v the_o the_o defunct_n free_a gear_n which_o reason_n be_v also_o just_o repel_v for_o this_o be_v a_o band_n grant_v to_o a_o son_n who_o be_v foris_fw-la familiat_v and_o be_v deliver_v to_o himself_o be_v find_v not_o to_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o legittim_n first_o because_o it_o do_v not_o bear_v to_o be_v in_o satisfaction_n of_o his_o portion_n natural_a and_o second_o because_o it_o be_v a_o ordinary_a band_n and_o deliver_v in_o the_o ordinary_a way_n there_o be_v another_o case_n decide_v four_o decemb._n 1673_o wherein_o the_o lord_n reduce_v a_o disposition_n grant_v by_o reid_n of_o daldil_v to_o his_o son_n even_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o posterior_n creditor_n in_o respect_n that_o the_o right_o be_v base_a and_o that_o the_o father_n continue_v still_o in_o possession_n and_o act_v still_o as_o absolute_a fire_n and_o that_o the_o register_n of_o that_o shire_n be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o country_n so_o that_o they_o neither_o can_v nor_o be_v obliedge_v to_o know_v the_o son_n infeftment_n and_o that_o albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v for_o the_o son_n that_o as_o fraud_n never_o ought_v to_o be_v presume_v so_o there_o be_v no_o ground_n for_o presume_v it_o here_o since_o this_o infeftment_n ought_v to_o be_v impute_v to_o another_o cause_n than_o a_o design_n to_o defraud_v creditor_n viz._n to_o a_o prior_n contract_n of_o marriage_n wherein_o his_o father_n have_v get_v a_o great_a portion_n with_o his_o mother_n be_v thereafter_o obliedge_v to_o infeft_v he_o in_o his_o land_n and_o this_o be_v the_o ordinary_a way_n take_v to_o secure_v ancient_a family_n against_o prodigal_a son_n and_o it_o be_v the_o ordinary_a remedy_n take_v by_o provident_a man_n when_o they_o give_v great_a portion_n with_o their_o daughter_n it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a to_o reduce_v such_o disposition_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o posterior_n creditor_n in_o who_o favour_n nothing_o be_v provide_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o son_n infeftment_n be_v registrat_n do_v likewise_o take_v off_o all_o presumption_n of_o fraud_n and_o though_o the_o register_n be_v take_v away_o that_o can_v not_o prejudge_v the_o defender_n or_o be_v a_o ground_n of_o reduction_n here_o no_o more_o than_o it_o can_v defend_v he_o against_o a_o reduction_n ex_fw-la capite_fw-la inhibitionis_fw-la or_o interdictionis_fw-la for_o the_o user_n do_v omne_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o se_fw-la est_fw-la and_o follow_v the_o faith_n of_o public_a register_n can_v be_v prejudge_v by_o a_o accident_n to_o which_o he_o have_v no_o accession_n and_o there_o be_v as_o good_a reason_n for_o reduce_v interdiction_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o posterior_n creditor_n as_o for_o reduce_v such_o base_a infeftment_n than_o not_o allow_v of_o which_o will_v still_o force_v son_n thereafter_o to_o be_v at_o the_o great_a expense_n and_o trouble_n of_o public_a infeftment_n and_o even_o these_o public_a infeftment_n be_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o reason_n of_o reduction_n since_o lawful_a creditor_n be_v in_o both_o case_n prejudge_v and_o a_o son_n prefer_v to_o they_o and_o though_o equity_n shall_v be_v consider_v where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n yet_o where_o there_o be_v a_o express_a statute_n in_o which_o many_o case_n be_v consider_v casus_fw-la omissus_fw-la habetur_fw-la pro_fw-la omisso_fw-la it_o be_v here_o observable_a that_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n do_v not_o bind_v the_o father_n to_o infeft_v the_o son_n in_o these_o land_n but_o that_o hereby_o the_o estate_n be_v only_o provide_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o marriage_n so_o that_o the_o son_n behove_v to_o have_v be_v serve_v heir_n and_o so_o will_v have_v be_v liable_a to_o the_o father_n debt_n if_o this_o new_a infeftment_n which_o be_v here_o quarrel_v have_v not_o interveen_v not_o only_o deed_n do_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o prior_n creditor_n be_v reduceable_a but_o even_o deed_n do_v dolose_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o such_o as_o become_v creditor_n at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o the_o deed_n do_v be_v reduceable_a as_o for_o instance_n one_o brother_n grant_v a_o band_n to_o another_o upon_o design_n to_o let_v the_o friend_n of_o she_o who_o he_o be_v suit_v in_o marriage_n see_v that_o he_o have_v a_o estate_n and_o immediate_o after_o the_o contract_n or_o about_o that_o same_o time_n grant_v a_o discharge_v to_o his_o brother_n have_v engage_v the_o woman_n friend_n to_o give_v he_o a_o gerat_fw-la tocher_n in_o contemplation_n of_o that_o fallacious_a band_n this_o discharge_n be_v reduceable_a as_o give_v fraudulent_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o woman_n who_o give_v the_o tocher_n and_o who_o be_v creditrix_fw-la by_o that_o contract_n without_o respect_n to_o priority_n or_o posteriority_n of_o the_o debt_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n henderson_n against_o henderson_n and_o donald_n foller_n be_v provide_v by_o his_o father_n in_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n to_o the_o conjunctâ—ee_n with_o his_o wife_n of_o a_o tenement_n of_o land_n the_o fee_n whereof_o be_v provide_v to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o marriage_n and_o the_o father_n have_v fraudulent_o take_v a_o tack_n from_o the_o son_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o lord_n reduce_v the_o say_a tack_n as_o do_v in_o defraud_n of_o the_o say_a contract_n &_o contra_fw-la fidem_fw-la tabularum_fw-la nuptialium_fw-la and_o if_o this_o have_v be_v otherwise_o decide_v all_o poor_a woman_n may_v easy_o be_v cheat_v and_o contract_n of_o marriage_n which_o be_v the_o obligation_n most_o privilege_v by_o law_n will_v become_v ineffectual_a and_o may_v easy_o be_v evacuate_v and_o so_o favourable_a be_v such_o obligation_n in_o contract_n of_o marriage_n that_o glencorsse_o have_v provide_v his_o son_n by_o several_a band_n of_o provision_n and_o have_v thereafter_o dispon_v his_o estate_n to_o his_o son_n in_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n the_o son_n have_v get_v a_o good_a tocher_n in_o contemplation_n of_o this_o estate_n the_o lord_n do_v find_v that_o the_o son_n fee_n can_v not_o be_v reduceable_a by_o not_o affect_v with_o those_o provision_n since_o they_o be_v but_o latent_fw-la right_n which_o neither_o the_o son_n nor_o they_o who_o contract_v with_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o know_v the_o presumption_n
i_o observe_v former_o that_o it_o be_v make_v to_o prejudge_v creditor_n and_o it_o be_v unreasonable_a that_o a_o mere_a gift_n shall_v be_v prefer_v to_o poor_a creditor_n this_o be_v find_v the_o 18._o november_n 1669._o henderson_n contra_fw-la henderson_n albeit_o it_o be_v there_o allege_v that_o this_o act_n declare_v such_o deed_n only_o reduceable_a as_o be_v make_v in_o favour_n of_o conjunct_a or_o confident_a person_n for_o though_o this_o statute_n make_v that_o a_o presumption_n of_o fraud_n yet_o it_o exclude_v not_o other_o presumption_n such_o as_o be_v in_o this_o c_o 〈…〉_z viz._n that_o it_o be_v assignatio_fw-la omnium_fw-la bonorum_fw-la and_o that_o it_o bear_v to_o be_v grant_v for_o a_o cause_n false_o narrate_v viz._n for_o the_o sum_n of_o two_o thousand_o mark_n due_a by_o howat_n the_o common_a debtor_n to_o anderson_n whereas_o it_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v prove_v by_o discharge_v under_o howat_n own_o hand_n that_o the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o this_o sum_n be_v pay_v before_o the_o disposition_n since_o this_o clause_n of_o the_o statute_n annul_v deed_n only_o do_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o confident_a or_o conjunct_a person_n it_o will_v seem_v that_o such_o right_n when_o make_v to_o other_o who_o be_v not_o conjunct_a nor_o confident_a be_v not_o reduceable_a and_o yet_o de_fw-la praxi_fw-la all_o right_n make_v to_o any_o person_n whatsoever_o without_o a_o onerous_a or_o necessary_a cause_n be_v reduceable_a by_o this_o statute_n and_o our_o law_n consider_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o conjunct_a or_o confident_a person_n and_o other_o only_o in_o reference_n to_o the_o way_n of_o probation_n so_o that_o these_o must_v prove_v a_o onerous_a cause_n whereas_o other_o need_v not_o this_o show_v how_o misterious_o our_o statute_n be_v conceive_v without_o true_a just_a and_o necessary_a cause_n etc._n etc._n titulus_fw-la onerosus_fw-la be_v when_o any_o thing_n be_v dispon_v with_o the_o burden_n of_o do_v or_o pay_v somewhat_o titulus_fw-la lucrativus_fw-la be_v when_o the_o deed_n be_v mere_o gratuitus_fw-la and_o proceed_v from_o mere_a favour_n the_o civil_a law_n observe_v two_o rule_n in_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o onerous_a and_o lucrative_a cause_n quoad_fw-la this_o action_n the_o first_o be_v that_o this_o action_n be_v competent_a even_o against_o these_o who_o have_v receive_v such_o right_n for_o onerous_a cause_n when_o both_o the_o giver_n and_o receiver_n be_v guilty_a of_o fraud_n if_o they_o be_v partaker_n of_o the_o fraud_n l._n ait_fw-la praetor_n ff_n h._n t._n and_o in_o that_o case_n the_o thing_n alienate_v be_v recall_v without_o restore_v the_o price_n the_o second_o rule_n be_v that_o he_o who_o have_v receive_v such_o a_o right_n ex_fw-la causa_fw-la lucrativa_fw-la be_v liable_a to_o restore_v though_o he_o be_v not_o accessary_a to_o the_o fraudulent_a conveyance_n nec_fw-la particeps_fw-la l._n quod_fw-la autem_fw-la §_o ij_o ff_n eod_a our_o law_n likewise_o consider_v two_o case_n one_o be_v if_o the_o creditor_n have_v do_v no_o diligence_n and_o than_o right_n make_v to_o their_o prejudice_n be_v only_o reduceable_a if_o they_o be_v make_v to_o confident_a person_n without_o a_o onerous_a cause_n the_o other_o if_o the_o reducer_n have_v as_o a_o creditor_n do_v diligence_n and_o â—hen_o the_o right_n do_v to_o his_o prejudice_n be_v reduceable_a whether_o they_o be_v make_v ex_fw-la titulo_fw-la oneroso_fw-la or_o lucrativo_fw-la for_o by_o the_o last_o part_n of_o the_o act_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o debtor_n can_v prefer_v one_o creditor_n to_o another_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o any_o such_o diligence_n how_o far_o child_n be_v creditor_n to_o their_o father_n and_o may_v upon_o this_o statute_n reduce_v deed_n do_v by_o their_o father_n in_o favour_n of_o other_o child_n after_o their_o provision_n may_v be_v dubious_a in_o many_o case_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v only_o name_v a_o very_a few_o the_o first_o be_v a_o father_n by_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n with_o the_o first_o wife_n provide_v the_o child_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n to_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n and_o by_o the_o contract_n with_o a_o second_o wife_n provide_v they_o to_o twenty_o thousand_o mark_n and_o by_o a_o contract_n with_o a_o three_o wife_n provide_v the_o child_n of_o that_o marriage_n to_o ten_o thousand_o mark_n the_o question_n rise_v whether_o the_o child_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n can_v reduce_v the_o contract_n of_o the_o second_o marriage_n quoad_fw-la the_o provision_n therein_o make_v as_o make_v in_o prejudice_n of_o they_o who_o become_v lawful_a credtor_n by_o the_o first_o contract_n or_o if_o the_o child_n of_o the_o second_o marriage_n may_v not_o do_v the_o same_o to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o three_o marriage_n and_o i_o conceive_v that_o if_o the_o provision_n be_v make_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n and_o if_o they_o enter_v heir_n they_o can_v reduce_v because_o tenentur_fw-la prestare_fw-la but_o if_o the_o contract_n bear_v child_n of_o the_o marriage_n some_o think_v that_o they_o may_v assign_v their_o portion_n and_o the_o assignay_n may_v reduce_v these_o provision_n make_v in_o the_o second_o marriage_n and_o just_o so_o the_o child_n of_o the_o second_o marriage_n may_v reduce_v the_o provision_n make_v to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o three_o marriage_n but_o i_o think_v that_o either_o the_o child_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n be_v infeft_v and_o then_o certain_o the_o father_n can_v prejudge_v they_o by_o posterior_n personal_a provision_n or_o else_o where_o neither_o be_v infeft_v i_o conceive_v that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o onerous_a cause_n such_o as_o a_o tocher_n pay_v by_o the_o contract_n of_o the_o second_o or_o three_o marriage_n and_o then_o also_o the_o contract_n can_v be_v reduce_v upon_o this_o statute_n for_o these_o contract_n be_v not_o make_v to_o defraud_v creditor_n since_o they_o be_v make_v for_o a_o onerous_a cause_n yea_o though_o there_o be_v no_o tocher_n yet_o even_o the_o marriage_n be_v a_o onerous_a cause_n for_o who_o will_v marry_v if_o there_o be_v no_o provision_n and_o the_o design_n here_o be_v not_o to_o prejudge_v true_a creditor_n the_o other_o case_n be_v a_o man_n in_o his_o first_o contract_n provide_v his_o land_n and_o ten_o thousand_o mark_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n and_o in_o the_o contract_n with_o his_o second_o wife_n he_o provide_v the_o child_n of_o that_o marriage_n to_o the_o conquest_n that_o shall_v be_v make_v during_o that_o marriage_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o son_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n will_v be_v creditor_n to_o the_o father_n for_o ten_o thousand_o mark_n even_o though_o he_o be_v serve_v heir_n to_o his_o father_n for_o though_o here_o it_o seem_v that_o confusione_n tollitur_fw-la obligatio_fw-la the_o son_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n be_v both_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n yet_o conquest_n be_v still_o understand_v to_o be_v illud_fw-la quod_fw-la super_fw-la est_fw-la deducto_fw-la be_v alieno_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o child_n of_o the_o second_o marriage_n can_v have_v no_o right_o but_o with_o the_o burden_n of_o these_o ten_o thousand_o mark_n and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o scot_n of_o bavila_fw-la contra_fw-la binning_n the_o lord_n find_v that_o the_o heir_n may_v reduce_v the_o provision_n make_v to_o the_o wife_n and_o bairn_n of_o the_o second_o marriage_n in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v the_o ten_o thousand_o mark_n provide_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n but_o this_o may_v be_v doubt_v for_o first_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o there_o be_v no_o debt_n since_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v the_o debtor_n himself_o but_o second_o if_o the_o money_n with_o which_o the_o land_n be_v buy_v be_v conquest_n also_o in_o the_o second_o wife_n time_n it_o seem_v against_o law_n and_o reason_n that_o this_o shall_v not_o be_v call_v conquest_n quoad_fw-la a_o heir_n of_o another_o marriage_n cui_fw-la nihil_fw-la deest_fw-la though_o if_o the_o money_n have_v be_v conquest_n in_o the_o first_o marriage_n it_o may_v be_v more_o proper_o call_v ae_z alienum_fw-la a_o three_o case_n be_v this_o a_o father_n obliedge_v himself_o in_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n with_o his_o first_o wife_n to_o provide_v the_o bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n to_o eight_o thousand_o pound_n but_o before_o his_o death_n he_o provide_v one_o of_o the_o three_o bairn_n to_o the_o whole_a eight_o the_o the_o question_n propon_v be_v whether_o the_o other_o two_o daughter_n may_v raise_v a_o reduction_n of_o the_o disposition_n make_v to_o their_o sister_n upon_o this_o act_n and_o for_o these_o sister_n it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o the_o brother_n become_v debtor_n to_o they_o prorata_fw-la even_o as_o if_o he_o have_v grant_v band_n to_o six_o man_n for_o a_o sum_n each_o of_o they_o will_v have_v right_a to_o a_o proportional_a part_n of_o it_o at_o
craigmiller_n himself_o can_v not_o prefer_v any_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o he_o who_o have_v do_v diligence_n so_o neither_o can_v he_o bestow_v that_o faculty_n upon_o any_o other_o to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o craigmiller_n may_v have_v dispone_v his_o estate_n to_o any_o person_n he_o please_v for_o a_o onerous_a cause_n before_o captain_n newman_n do_v diligence_n but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o this_o disposition_n newman_n have_v do_v no_o diligence_n 2._o this_o disposition_n at_o least_o ought_v to_o be_v sustain_v in_o so_o far_o as_o craigmiller_n be_v debtor_n to_o mr._n john_n either_o for_o debt_n due_a to_o himself_o or_o for_o relief_n of_o cautionry_n to_o which_o answer_n it_o be_v reply_v that_o quo_fw-la ad_fw-la the_o first_o it_o be_v not_o relevant_a because_o though_o the_o disposition_n be_v prior_n to_o the_o diligence_n do_v by_o newman_n yet_o the_o say_a newman_n have_v do_v diligence_n before_o payment_n make_v to_o any_o other_o of_o the_o creditor_n and_o consequent_o before_o the_o preferrence_n whereas_o by_o the_o foresaid_a act_n no_o creditor_n can_v be_v prefer_v after_o diligence_n and_o to_o the_o second_o branch_n of_o the_o answer_n it_o be_v reply_v that_o though_o craigmiller_n can_v have_v dispone_v his_o estate_n to_o mr._n john_n for_o his_o payment_n or_o relief_n express_o before_o newman_n diligence_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o do_v in_o this_o case_n for_o this_o disposition_n be_v only_o make_v in_o general_a term_n for_o payment_n of_o craigmillers_n debt_n general_o and_o mr._n john_n have_v no_o advantage_n over_o other_o thereby_o but_o in_o swa_o far_o as_o he_o have_v by_o prefer_v himself_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o foresaid_a clause_n which_o be_v unwarrantable_a and_o so_o the_o disponer_n deed_n quo_fw-la ad_fw-la he_o be_v null_a because_o quod_fw-la sacere_fw-la potuit_fw-la non_fw-la fecit_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la fecit_fw-la sacere_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la upon_o which_o debate_n the_o lord_n prefer_v mr._n john_n only_o in_o swa_o far_o as_o concern_v his_o own_o debt_n or_o cautionry_n but_o sustain_v not_o the_o preferrance_n in_o swa_o far_o as_o concern_v other_o creditor_n the_o other_o decision_n be_v the_o 24._o july_n 1669._o in_o which_o young_a crave_v a_o disposition_n make_v to_o anderson_n by_o fleming_n to_o be_v reduce_v as_o do_v in_o his_o prejudice_n he_o be_v a_o creditor_n who_o have_v inhibit_v and_o comprise_v it_o be_v answer_v by_o anderson_n that_o he_o have_v grant_v a_o back-band_n declare_v that_o the_o disposition_n be_v in_o trust_n for_o payment_n of_o the_o debt_n due_a to_o anderson_n himself_o and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n for_o payment_n of_o fleming_n creditor_n and_o subsume_v that_o he_o have_v pay_v as_o many_o creditor_n as_o will_v exhaust_v the_o price_n which_o he_o be_v in_o bona_fw-la fide_fw-la to_o do_v there_o be_v no_o diligence_n against_o he_o nor_o can_v he_o be_v prejudge_v by_o any_o diligence_n against_o fleming_n fleming_n be_v denude_v as_o say_v be_v to_o which_o answer_n it_o be_v reply_v that_o anderson_n be_v but_o a_o trustee_n be_v fictione_n juris_fw-la in_o the_o same_o condition_n with_o fleming_n and_o as_o flemnig_n can_v not_o disappoint_v he_o as_o a_o lawful_a creditor_n so_o neither_o can_v anderson_n his_o trustee_n and_o if_o it_o be_v otherwise_o the_o diligence_n of_o lawful_a creditor_n may_v be_v render_v elusory_a for_o the_o debtor_n who_o resolve_v to_o disappoint_v the_o diligence_n of_o his_o creditor_n may_v still_o dispon_o his_o estate_n to_o a_o trustee_n which_o trustee_n and_o trust_v the_o debtor_n not_o know_v they_o can_v not_o know_v against_o who_o diligence_n be_v to_o be_v do_v likeas_n in_o law_n this_o power_n to_o prefer_v creditor_n behove_v to_o be_v interpret_v legittimo_fw-la modo_fw-la &_o interminis_fw-la habilibus_fw-la so_o that_o the_o creditor_n can_v not_o be_v disappoint_v but_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v prefer_v according_a to_o their_o diligence_n as_o they_o behove_v to_o have_v be_v by_o the_o debtor_n himself_o in_o respect_n of_o which_o reply_n the_o lord_n prefer_v the_o creditor_n and_o find_v that_o voluntar_n payment_n make_v by_o the_o trustee_n can_v not_o prejudge_v the_o creditor_n who_o have_v do_v lawful_a diligence_n by_o voluntar_n payment_n but_o the_o question_n here_o remain_v whether_o if_o any_o of_o the_o creditor_n have_v arrest_v in_o anderson_n hand_n as_o trustee_n and_o have_v pursue_v a_o action_n to_o make_v forthcoming_a against_o he_o if_o in_o that_o case_n anderson_n be_v oblige_v to_o give_v in_o a_o qualify_a oath_n bear_v that_o he_o be_v trustee_n but_o that_o there_o be_v other_o creditor_n who_o have_v do_v more_o timeous_a diligence_n or_o if_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v call_v the_o creditor_n who_o have_v do_v more_o timeous_a diligence_n as_o say_v be_v this_o act_n be_v only_o conceive_v in_o favour_n of_o such_o as_o be_v creditor_n to_o those_o who_o grant_v such_o disposition_n prior_n to_o the_o deed_n controvert_v but_o argumento_fw-la huius_fw-la legis_fw-la and_o upon_o the_o same_o reason_n of_o equity_n the_o lord_n constant_o sustain_v declarator_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o creditor_n of_o the_o father_n conclude_v any_o right_n make_v even_o by_o stranger_n to_o child_n in_o familia_fw-la to_o be_v null_a as_o be_v grant_v to_o their_o prejudice_n without_o a_o onerous_a cause_n or_o as_o be_v acquire_v by_o the_o parent_n mean_n which_o presumption_n be_v never_o otherwise_o elyde_v then_o by_o allege_v that_o the_o procurer_n have_v a_o estate_n aliunde_fw-la whereby_o he_o may_v have_v procure_v the_o right_o controvert_v as_o for_o instance_n sempronius_n be_v debtor_n to_o mevius_n dispones_fw-la not_o his_o estate_n to_o his_o son_n but_o acquire_v a_o estate_n in_o his_o son_n name_n from_o a_o stranger_n this_o disposition_n so_o acquire_v can_v never_o be_v quarrel_v by_o mevius_n the_o father_n creditor_n by_o way_n of_o reduction_n for_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o reduction_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o annul_n of_o the_o deed_n and_o the_o take_v it_o out_o of_o the_o way_n or_o the_o bring_n back_o of_o the_o estate_n dispon_v to_o the_o same_o condition_n it_o be_v in_o before_o which_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a in_o this_o case_n because_o the_o estate_n which_o the_o creditor_n desire_v to_o affect_v be_v never_o in_o the_o debtor_n person_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o creditor_n to_o raise_v a_o declarator_n wherein_o he_o must_v narate_v that_o sempronius_n be_v debtor_n to_o he_o do_v fraudulent_o acquire_v the_o right_n of_o such_o and_o such_o land_n in_o his_o son_n name_n and_o which_o must_v be_v presume_v to_o be_v acquire_v by_o the_o father_n estate_n because_o they_o be_v acquire_v by_o a_o son_n in_o familia_fw-la who_o be_v presume_v to_o have_v no_o estate_n but_o what_o he_o derive_v from_o his_o father_n or_o else_o he_o must_v lybel_n that_o though_o the_o disposition_n be_v procure_v by_o a_o major_n who_o be_v forisfamiliat_a and_o traffic_v upon_o his_o own_o account_n the_o same_o be_v true_o acquire_v by_o the_o debtor_n mean_n and_o the_o disposition_n only_o acquire_v to_o be_v a_o colourable_a title_n to_o disappoint_v his_o debt_n therefore_o conclude_v that_o the_o say_a estate_n so_o buy_v may_v be_v declare_v liable_a to_o his_o debt_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o if_o the_o disposition_n have_v be_v take_v in_o his_o debtor_n name_n the_o common_a law_n and_o we_o do_v not_o only_o reprobate_a disposition_n make_v by_o debtor_n in_o meditatione_n fugae_fw-la but_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o of_o these_o law_n do_v likewise_o allow_v the_o summar_n apprehend_v of_o creditor_n who_o be_v suspect_v to_o be_v bankrupt_n and_o by_o our_o law_n though_o a_o man_n can_v be_v regular_o imprison_v for_o debt_n without_o letter_n of_o caption_n be_v former_o raise_v yet_o in_o mason_n case_n the_o 5._o november_n 1665._o the_o lord_n summary_o upon_o a_o bill_n issue_v out_o a_o warrant_n to_o apprehend_v he_o tanquam_fw-la debitorem_fw-la suspectum_fw-la &_o fugitivum_fw-la and_o though_o at_o first_o they_o doubt_v whether_o their_o own_o power_n can_v extend_v this_o far_o yet_o thereafter_o they_o find_v that_o it_o may_v since_o even_o the_o admiral_n grant_v such_o warrant_n and_o yet_o there_o may_v be_v some_o speciality_n quoad_fw-la the_o admiral_n since_o the_o nature_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n allow_v a_o very_a sumar_fw-la procedor_fw-la and_o since_o this_o his_o jurisdiction_n be_v ordinary_o exercise_v over_o person_n who_o have_v a_o easy_a way_n to_o convey_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o be_v ordinary_o very_o little_o fix_v to_o one_o place_n but_o because_o this_o may_v open_v a_o door_n to_o great_a arbitrariness_n and_o may_v afford_v great_a occasion_n of_o prejudging_a the_o liege_n since_o upon_o this_o pretext_n
least_o that_o each_o child_n become_v creditor_n to_o he_o and_o so_o something_o be_v due_a to_o each_o of_o they_o and_o consequent_o he_o defraud_v they_o by_o his_o dispon_n all_o to_o to_o any_o one_o but_o for_o the_o other_o sister_n to_o who_o the_o disposition_n be_v make_v it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o the_o father_n be_v debtor_n only_o to_o the_o bairn_n of_o that_o marriage_n tanquam_fw-la stirpi_fw-la and_o so_o he_o satisfy_v his_o obligation_n by_o dispone_v his_o land_n worth_a that_o sum_n to_o any_o one_o of_o they_o but_o be_v not_o debtor_n to_o they_o in_o capita_fw-la 2._o the_o design_n of_o the_o party_n contracter_n in_o such_o case_n be_v only_o to_o secure_v the_o sum_n to_o the_o issue_n of_o that_o marriage_n without_o consideration_n of_o any_o division_n for_o this_o provision_n be_v make_v to_o secure_v against_o child_n of_o other_o marriage_n but_o not_o to_o secure_v one_o child_n against_o another_o and_o there_o may_v be_v some_o reason_n to_o be_v jealous_a of_o the_o father_n in_o the_o one_o case_n but_o not_o in_o the_o other_o 3._o this_o restriction_n be_v contrair_a to_o the_o father_n patria_fw-la potestas_fw-la and_o the_o law_n be_v never_o jealous_a of_o the_o father_n affection_n but_o presume_v that_o his_o division_n will_v be_v just_a and_o what_o judge_n shall_v be_v just_a to_o child_n then_o a_o father_n 4._o it_o be_v against_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o restrain_v or_o take_v away_o the_o father_n power_n of_o distribution_n in_o such_o case_n which_o be_v the_o great_a curb_n that_o the_o father_n have_v upon_o his_o child_n for_o make_v they_o good_a child_n or_o good_a citizen_n and_o be_v it_o not_o against_o reason_n that_o if_o the_o two_o sister_n have_v be_v very_o vicious_a and_o the_o three_o most_o virtuous_a that_o the_o father_n shall_v have_v be_v so_o bind_v up_o that_o he_o can_v not_o gratify_v the_o one_o or_o that_o he_o behove_v to_o provide_v the_o other_o with_o money_n to_o serve_v their_o lust_n 5._o it_o be_v ordinar_n to_o provide_v express_o that_o the_o money_n so_o provide_v to_o the_o child_n shall_v be_v divide_v as_o the_o father_n please_v and_o the_o law_n use_v to_o decide_v general_a case_n according_a to_o what_o be_v ordinary_o pactioned_a presume_v that_o to_o be_v the_o tacit_n will_v of_o the_o party_n which_o be_v ordinary_o the_o express_a will_n of_o other_o party_n likeas_n if_o it_o have_v be_v controvert_v among_o the_o party_n at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o contract_n be_v to_o be_v subscribe_v who_o shall_v have_v have_v the_o power_n of_o division_n certain_o it_o have_v be_v allow_v to_o the_o father_n to_o which_o last_o i_o incline_v except_o it_o can_v be_v allege_v that_o all_o be_v equal_o deserve_v and_o that_o the_o father_n or_o child_n prefer_v have_v use_v indirect_a mean_n in_o prefer_v one_o to_o the_o rest_n for_o though_o there_o be_v no_o testament_n quarela_fw-la testamenti_fw-la in_o officio_fw-la si_fw-la with_o we_o yet_o there_o may_v be_v some_o place_n perhaps_o for_o the_o judge_n to_o interpose_v in_o such_o case_n i_o find_v by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n a_o father_n dispone_v to_o one_o child_n a_o necessary_a portion_n be_v not_o say_v to_o defraud_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o child_n to_o who_o he_o dispone_v former_o nam_fw-la hoc_fw-la potius_fw-la tribuendum_fw-la pietati_fw-la quam_fw-la fraudi_fw-la and_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o for_o this_o reason_n libertus_fw-la in_o fraudem_fw-la patroni_fw-la filie_n dotem_fw-la constituere_fw-la poterat_fw-la l._n 1._o §_o sed_fw-la si_fw-la ff_n si_fw-la quid_fw-la in_o fraud_n patro_fw-la but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o with_o we_o in_o all_o case_n as_o have_v be_v former_o observe_v it_o have_v be_v likewise_o debate_v whether_o provision_n by_o parent_n to_o their_o child_n in_o their_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v such_o onerous_a cause_n as_o may_v defend_v the_o child_n against_o reduction_n upon_o this_o act_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o creditor_n who_o crave_v disposition_n make_v to_o they_o in_o satisfaction_n of_o these_o obligation_n to_o be_v reduce_v for_o upon_o the_o one_o part_n it_o seem_v that_o since_o they_o be_v creditor_n who_o may_v pursue_v and_o distress_n their_o father_n therefore_o their_o father_n may_v dispone_v his_o estate_n and_o this_o be_v both_o a_o necessary_a and_o a_o prior_n debt_n and_o so_o fall_v not_o under_o the_o act_n which_o declare_v only_o such_o right_n reduceable_a as_o be_v grant_v without_o true_a just_a and_o necessary_a cause_n and_o provision_n of_o child_n by_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v the_o ordinary_a allowable_a remedy_n grant_v to_o such_o as_o pay_v tocher_n with_o their_o daughter_n or_o provide_v their_o son_n desire_v to_o see_v their_o grand_a child_n thus_o secure_v but_o upon_o the_o other_o hand_n it_o seem_v very_o hard_a that_o such_o latent_fw-la deed_n as_o contract_n of_o marriage_n which_o creditor_n can_v know_v shall_v be_v sustain_v as_o onerous_a cause_n to_o seclude_v they_o and_o that_o the_o debtor_n own_o child_n shall_v be_v prefer_v to_o creditor_n and_o as_o there_o can_v be_v no_o debate_n as_o to_o this_o point_n where_o the_o provision_n be_v make_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n because_o there_o the_o heir_n must_v represent_v the_o grant_a and_o so_o can_v reduce_v his_o deed_n so_o where_o the_o provision_n be_v make_v to_o bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n yet_o creditor_n be_v prefer_v to_o they_o in_o the_o case_n of_o bannerman_n of_o elsick_n contra_fw-la haystoun_n but_o upon_o the_o 3._o july_n 1673._o in_o a_o action_n gordon_n contra_fw-la fraser_n the_o lord_n find_v that_o a_o right_n to_o movable_n make_v by_o the_o father_n to_o his_o child_n be_v reduceable_a at_o the_o instance_n of_o posterior_n creditor_n though_o it_o be_v make_v in_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o mother_n contract_n of_o marriage_n except_o the_o child_n will_v allege_v that_o the_o father_n be_v not_o bankrupt_a but_o have_v a_o sufficient_a estate_n to_o pay_v the_o pursuer_n for_o they_o think_v it_o much_o more_o reasonable_a that_o the_o child_n shall_v loose_v by_o their_o father_n than_o the_o creditor_n it_o have_v be_v controvert_v whether_o a_o right_o make_v by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o son_n in_o law_n for_o a_o tocher_n be_v reduceable_a by_o a_o anterior_a creditor_n and_o if_o this_o be_v allow_v in_o all_o case_n man_n may_v easy_o prefer_v their_o child_n to_o their_o creditor_n and_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o at_o least_o the_o right_a so_o make_v shall_v only_o be_v esteem_v onerous_a in_o quantum_fw-la it_o extend_v to_o such_o a_o value_n as_o may_v be_v a_o suitable_a tocher_n for_o such_o a_o man_n daughter_n or_o else_o it_o shall_v be_v repute_n onerous_a in_o so_o far_o as_o may_v answer_v to_o the_o joyntur_fw-la give_v by_o the_o husband_n or_o to_o the_o aliment_n that_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o bestow_v upon_o her_o stante_fw-la matrimonio_fw-la though_o he_o be_v by_o contract_n oblige_v to_o no_o joyntur_fw-la nor_o have_v any_o joyntur_fw-la to_o give_v she_o et_fw-fr it_z a_o do_v est_fw-la titulus_fw-la onerosus_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la mariti_fw-la quiâ—_n datur_fw-la pro_fw-la oneribus_fw-la matrimonii_fw-la sustinendis_fw-la l._n pro._n oneribus_fw-la c._n de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr dot_v sed_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la uxoris_fw-la do_v est_fw-la titulus_fw-la lucrativus_fw-la l._n quâ—_n liberos_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr ritu_fw-la nuptiar_fw-la l._n sin_n c._n the_o dotie_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d basilic_n l._n 25._o s._n 1._o hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi and_o upon_o the_o other_o hand_n a_o joyntur_fw-la to_o the_o wife_n be_v titulus_fw-la onerosus_fw-la in_o swa_o far_o as_o it_o be_v suitable_a to_o the_o husband_n estate_n as_o be_v find_v novemb_n 1665._o contra_fw-la russel_n but_o if_o the_o husband_n shall_v dispone_v all_o his_o opulent_a estate_n to_o his_o wife_n as_o a_o joyntur_fw-la i_o think_v it_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o a_o three_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o prior_n creditor_n both_o because_o a_o tierce_n be_v the_o provision_n that_o the_o law_n allow_v a_o wife_n if_o there_o be_v no_o provision_n and_o so_o be_v the_o legal_a quota_fw-la and_o because_o right_n make_v by_o a_o man_n upon_o death_n bed_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o his_o heir_n be_v restrict_v to_o a_o tierce_n but_o if_o the_o contract_n bearâ—_n the_o land_n to_o be_v dispone_v to_o the_o son_n in_o law_n for_o love_n and_o favour_n that_o narative_a prove_v titulum_fw-la lucra_fw-la tivum_fw-la though_o real_o no_o other_o tocher_n be_v bestow_v and_o though_o a_o jointure_n be_v give_v as_o be_v find_v betwixt_o graham_n and_o stewart_n how_o far_o a_o wife_n be_v creditrix_fw-la by_o her_o contract_n of_o marriage_n and_o may_v reduce_v posterior_n deed_n as_o do_v in_o defraud_n of_o it_o be_v debateable_a in_o many_o case_n
of_o the_o fraudulent_a disposition_n of_o the_o bankrupt_n estate_n be_v if_o the_o price_n of_o the_o debtor_n estate_n be_v convert_v or_o to_o be_v convert_v to_o the_o debtor_n own_o use_n and_o profit_n and_o this_o proceed_v upon_o the_o same_o reason_n whereby_o the_o rebel_n escheat_n be_v declare_v null_n if_o he_o be_v suffer_v to_o remain_v in_o possession_n act_n 145._o par._n 12._o ja._n 6._o and_o as_o by_o that_o act_n the_o suffer_v the_o rebel_n wife_n or_o bairn_n to_o remain_v in_o possession_n be_v equivalent_a as_o if_o the_o rebel_n himself_o remain_v in_o possession_n so_o if_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v that_o the_o price_n of_o the_o debtor_n land_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o behoof_n of_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n i_o conceive_v it_o be_v equivalent_a as_o if_o it_o be_v convert_v to_o his_o own_o behoof_n though_o this_o act_n do_v not_o express_o beat_v it_o upon_o this_o part_n of_o this_o act_n arise_v late_o the_o ensue_a debate_n hermistoun_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v the_o lord_n sinclar_n 8000_o mark_n as_o a_o annuity_n and_o for_o his_o aliment_n this_o oblidgement_n be_v assign_v to_o john_n watt_n and_o be_v by_o he_o transfer_v to_o george_n cockburn_n who_o do_v pay_v several_a debt_n for_o my_o lord_n but_o find_v that_o his_o payment_n may_v thereafter_o be_v challenge_v by_o my_o lord_n creditor_n as_o make_v in_o prejudice_n of_o they_o who_o be_v prior_n creditor_n he_o do_v take_v the_o gift_n of_o my_o lord_n escheat_n and_o give_v a_o back-bond_n to_o the_o exchequer_n wherein_o he_o oblige_v he_o to_o count_n at_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o exchequer_n for_o the_o superplus_n that_o exceed_v the_o payment_n of_o the_o debt_n true_o pay_v or_o to_o be_v pay_v by_o he_o for_o my_o lord_n the_o creditor_n have_v quarrel_v those_o payment_n upon_o this_o act_n 1621._o as_o make_v to_o their_o prejudice_n because_o though_o it_o be_v free_a to_o the_o exchequer_n to_o gift_n my_o lord_n escheat_n and_o to_o burden_v it_o with_o any_o back-bond_n yet_o this_o gift_n be_v grant_v true_o to_o george_n in_o contemplation_n of_o his_o former_a right_n which_o former_a right_n be_v null_a as_o make_v to_o defraud_v they_o and_o for_o the_o use_n of_o their_o debtor_n and_o the_o right_o make_v to_o he_o be_v null_a by_o this_o clause_n of_o this_o statute_n by_o which_o all_o right_n make_v to_o any_o person_n be_v presume_v fraudulent_a if_o the_o price_n be_v convert_v to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o debtor_n and_o if_o this_o be_v allow_v poor_a creditor_n may_v soon_o be_v cheat_v by_o so_o easy_a contriveance_n and_o though_o his_o majesty_n may_v prefer_v a_o donator_n to_o the_o true_a creditor_n where_o that_o be_v chief_o design_v by_o his_o majesty_n yet_o where_o the_o gift_n be_v take_v only_o by_o a_o person_n who_o have_v former_o defraud_v creditor_n mere_o to_o pallial_a the_o fraud_n in_o that_o case_n the_o gift_n laborat_fw-la eodam_fw-la vitio_fw-la be_v also_o take_v for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o debtor_n and_o so_o be_v null_a by_o the_o former_a act_n 145._o par._n 12._o ja._n 6._o but_o this_o be_v repel_v because_o the_o lord_n find_v that_o whatever_o may_v be_v say_v against_o the_o former_a right_n upon_o this_o statute_n yet_o the_o gift_n of_o escheat_n do_v sufficient_o defend_v he_o for_o since_o any_o superior_a may_v allow_v a_o aliment_n to_o his_o vassal_n be_v rebel_n and_o may_v grant_v his_o liferent_a escheat_n for_o that_o effect_n why_o shall_v not_o this_o liberty_n be_v allow_v to_o the_o king_n 3._o december_n 1674._o but_o if_o this_o gift_n have_v not_o interveen_v it_o seem_v uncontravert_v that_o the_o obliegment_n to_o pay_v sinclar_n debt_n though_o undertake_v prior_n to_o any_o action_n at_o the_o creditor_n instance_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o defend_v the_o undertaker_n against_o prior_n creditor_n for_o the_o right_o be_v at_o first_o quarrelable_n at_o their_o instance_n as_o do_v in_o defraud_n of_o they_o it_o be_v a_o right_o make_v for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o debtor_n it_o can_v not_o thereafter_o convalesce_v by_o undertake_n the_o debtor_n debt_n for_o it_o be_v all_o one_o to_o pay_v the_o money_n to_o sinclar_n debtor_n as_o it_o will_v have_v be_v to_o have_v pay_v it_o to_o himself_o and_o if_o the_o money_n have_v be_v pay_v to_o my_o lord_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v have_v pay_v they_o the_o payment_n may_v without_o doubt_n have_v be_v quarrelable_n and_o yet_o a_o deed_n once_o quarrelable_n may_v thereafter_o convalesce_v if_o their_o be_v no_o fraud_n in_o the_o first_o contriveance_n v_o g._n if_o a_o uncle_n shall_v dispone_v his_o estate_n to_o his_o nephew_n who_o know_v not_o of_o his_o be_v insolvent_a this_o right_n may_v be_v reduce_v upon_o this_o statute_n and_o yet_o if_o thereafter_o the_o nephew_n shall_v bonafide_fw-la undertake_v the_o uncle_n debt_n before_o any_o diligence_n do_v by_o the_o creditor_n his_o disposition_n will_v be_v sustain_v in_o so_o far_o as_o true_a payment_n be_v make_v they_o make_v the_o rest_n forthcoming_a to_o the_o remnant_n creditor_n who_o want_v their_o due_a payment_n since_o by_o this_o act_n the_o disposition_n make_v by_o a_o bankrupt_a to_o one_o who_o be_v partaker_n of_o the_o fraud_n be_v reduceable_a so_o that_o the_o buyer_n will_v be_v force_v to_o quit_v the_o land_n or_o thing_n buy_v fraudulent_o to_o the_o bankrupt_n true_a creditor_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o buyer_n though_o partaker_n of_o the_o fraud_n will_v get_v repetition_n of_o the_o price_n true_o pay_v by_o he_o from_o the_o bankrupt_a to_o who_o he_o pay_v it_o and_o it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o he_o will_v not_o because_o first_o the_o law_n never_o authorise_v nor_o lend_v its_o assistance_n to_o recover_v what_o be_v due_a by_o fraudulent_a and_o unworthy_a obligation_n for_o there_o be_v behove_v to_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o iniquity_n and_o to_o serve_v vice_n in_o a_o mean_a and_o sordid_a way_n &_o ubi_fw-la dantis_fw-la &_o accipientis_fw-la turpitudo_fw-la versatur_fw-la cessat_fw-la repititio_fw-la l._n 2._o ff_n de_fw-mi condict_v ob_fw-la turp_v cause_n 20._o the_o buyer_n in_o this_o case_n can_v complain_v of_o the_o law_n since_o he_o know_v the_o hazard_n and_o yet_o run_v upon_o it_o 3._o this_o be_v to_o invite_v man_n to_o commit_v cheat_n whereas_o to_o deny_v they_o action_n of_o repartition_n upon_o the_o eveiction_n be_v a_o ready_a mean_a to_o deter_v they_o since_o the_o hazard_n will_v be_v so_o great_a 4._o this_o may_v be_v further_o clear_v l._n 1._o c._n the_o prescr_n 30._o annor_fw-la &_o l._n hi_o qui_fw-la c._n de_fw-fr rescind_n vend_fw-mi &_o l._n fin_n c._n de_fw-fr litig_fw-mi &_o l._n si_fw-la fundum_fw-la sciens_fw-la c_o de_fw-mi evict_v &_o l._n 25._o basil._n de_fw-fr reb_fw-mi auth_v jud_v possidend_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o yet_o the_o contrair_a viz_o that_o the_o fraudulent_a buyer_n ought_v not_o to_o have_v repartition_n from_o the_o bankrupt_a seller_n may_v be_v urge_v by_o these_o reason_n first_o crime_n and_o fraud_n be_v extinguish_v by_o mutual_a compensation_n and_o therefore_o since_o as_o the_o buyer_n will_v have_v have_v a_o action_n of_o eviction_n if_o no_o fraud_n have_v interveen_v so_o ought_v he_o to_o have_v the_o same_o action_n where_o the_o fraud_n be_v mutual_a for_o there_o it_o be_v in_o the_o same_o condition_n as_o if_o have_v never_o be_v for_o it_o be_v extinguish_v l._n viro_fw-la ff_n solut_a matr_n 2._o if_o the_o seller_n shall_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o restore_v the_o price_n he_o shall_v gain_v by_o his_o own_o cheat_n for_o his_o creditor_n will_v be_v pay_v by_o prevail_v against_o the_o buyer_n and_o he_o will_v retain_v the_o price_n 3._o where_o the_o buyer_n and_o seller_n be_v in_o the_o same_o condition_n his_o condition_n be_v most_o favour_v by_o the_o law_n who_o seek_v only_o to_o secure_v himself_o against_o loss_n in_o pari_fw-la casu_fw-la melior_fw-la est_fw-la conditio_fw-la ejus_fw-la qui_fw-la certat_fw-la de_fw-fr damno_fw-la vitando_fw-la l._n non_fw-la debet_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr reg_fw-la jur_fw-fr and_o this_o be_v also_o clear_a per_fw-la l._n 3._o c._n de_o his_o qui_fw-la vi_fw-la metusve_fw-la cause_n &_o l._n sin_n c._n common_a the_o legate_n i_o will_v rather_o perhaps_o incline_v to_o think_v that_o because_o both_o have_v offend_v therefore_o both_o shall_v be_v punish_v the_o one_o by_o be_v oblige_v to_o refound_v the_o price_n receive_v and_o the_o other_o by_o not_o get_v in_o get_fw-fr though_o refound_v but_o that_o he_o shall_v see_v it_o confiscate_v by_o public_a authority_n like_o the_o legacy_n leave_v to_o unworthy_a person_n who_o be_v uncapable_a of_o they_o for_o these_o remain_v not_o with_o the_o testator_n nor_o yet_o go_v to_o the_o legator_n but_o fiunt_fw-la caduca_fw
they_o and_o as_o aulus_n gellius_n observe_v lib._n 5._o cap._n 13._o in_o officiis_fw-la apud_fw-la majores_fw-la ita_fw-la observatum_fw-la est_fw-la primum_fw-la tutela_fw-la deinde_fw-la hospiti_fw-la deinde_fw-la clienti_fw-la tum_fw-la cognato_fw-la postea_fw-la affini_fw-la and_o as_o dionis_fw-la halic_fw-mi lib._n 2._o ant_n rom._n observe_v the_o patron_n be_v obliedge_v clienti_fw-la jura_fw-la interpretari_fw-la &_o light_n pro_fw-la eo_fw-la suscipere_fw-la and_o this_o be_v common_a to_o both_o that_o they_o can_v never_o accuse_v nor_o bear_v witness_n against_o one_o another_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o on_o the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n be_v patronus_fw-la si_fw-la clienti_fw-la fraudem_fw-la fecerit_fw-la sacer_fw-la esto_fw-la so_o sacrilegious_a a_o thing_n be_v it_o then_o hold_v to_o reveal_v the_o client_n secret_n but_o thereafter_o this_o mutual_a dependence_n and_o friendship_n become_v so_o suspect_v to_o the_o roman_a emperor_n that_o none_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v patron_n but_o lawyer_n who_o power_n the_o magistrate_n need_v not_o suspect_v and_o who_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v man_n so_o legal_a and_o of_o such_o integrity_n that_o they_o will_v advice_n nothing_o but_o what_o be_v just_a and_o therefore_o betwixt_o these_o continue_a the_o trust_n and_o mutual_a assurance_n that_o be_v require_v betwixt_o the_o old_a patron_n and_o their_o client_n though_o advocat_n be_v now_o know_v to_o antequary_n for_o distinction_n under_o the_o term_n of_o patroni_fw-la secundarii_fw-la whereas_o it_o be_v urge_v that_o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o truth_n be_v discover_v to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v indeed_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o discover_v the_o truth_n as_o far_o as_o that_o can_v be_v do_v in_o a_o convenient_a and_o lawful_a way_n for_o it_o be_v likewise_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n not_o to_o unseal_v the_o secret_n of_o private_a person_n and_o thereby_o to_o render_v all_o trust_n and_o commerce_n suspect_v and_o notwithstanding_o of_o this_o argument_n the_o law_n have_v exempt_v man_n from_o depon_v against_o themselves_o and_o against_o many_o other_o who_o be_v enumerat_a l._n 4._o ff_n de_fw-fr testibus_fw-la and_o of_o which_o we_o have_v very_o many_o instance_n in_o our_o law_n rei_fw-la publicae_fw-la quidem_fw-la interest_n crimina_fw-la impunita_fw-la non_fw-la esse_fw-la sed_fw-la rei_fw-la publica_fw-la quoque_fw-la interest_n pietatis_fw-la &_o necessitudinis_fw-la officia_fw-la sarta_fw-la tecta_fw-la conservari_fw-la sine_fw-la quibus_fw-la nihil_fw-la sanctum_fw-la haberi_fw-la potest_fw-la nec_fw-la inviolatum_fw-la and_o cicero_n lib._n 3._o the_o offic_n do_v elegant_o affirm_v non_fw-la igitur_fw-la patria_fw-la prestabit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la officiis_fw-la sed_fw-la ipsi_fw-la patriae_fw-la conducit_fw-la pios_fw-la cives_fw-la habere_fw-la advocat_n be_v person_n who_o breed_n obliedge_v they_o to_o admire_v justice_n as_o musicians_z do_v music_n or_o as_o a_o man_n do_v that_o country_n in_o which_o he_o live_v and_o they_o have_v give_v their_o oath_n de_fw-fr fideli_fw-la at_o their_o admission_n to_o give_v their_o client_n advice_n according_a to_o the_o law_n they_o can_v be_v presume_v to_o have_v advise_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o law_n and_o it_o be_v know_v that_o they_o offend_v in_o this_o so_o infrequent_o if_o at_o all_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v fite_a not_o to_o inquire_v into_o such_o case_n that_o seldom_o occur_v then_o by_o inquiry_n to_o introduce_v a_o jealousy_n betwixt_o party_n who_o need_v such_o strict_a intimacy_n and_o as_o no_o gentleman_n be_v desire_v to_o divulge_v his_o friend_n secret_n much_o less_o shall_v the_o law_n require_v this_o from_o advocat_n since_o it_o have_v obliedge_v they_o to_o employ_v advocat_n and_o to_o entrust_v they_o with_o their_o secret_n and_o though_o man_n may_v be_v suspect_v when_o they_o debate_v for_o their_o own_o interest_n and_o advantage_n yet_o what_o interest_n can_v advocat_n have_v here_o save_v that_o of_o their_o client_n for_o the_o client_n and_o not_o the_o advocate_n suffer_v by_o the_o discovery_n and_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v only_o a_o collective_a body_n of_o client_n in_o effect_n the_o commonwealth_n be_v prejudge_v because_o client_n be_v prejudge_v and_o though_o a_o decision_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n be_v common_o allege_v upon_o this_o point_n 18._o june_n 1580._o in_o the_o case_n of_o one_o barbine_n yet_o all_o that_o be_v there_o decide_v be_v que_fw-la l'advocat_n &_o conseil_fw-fr pourroit_fw-fr estre_fw-fr ovy_n par_fw-fr for_o i_o the_o tesmoinage_n so_o that_o the_o advocat_n have_v there_o be_v willing_a but_o be_v not_o force_v and_o the_o party_n objection_n be_v there_o reserve_v for_o the_o decision_n bear_v sauf_fw-fr a_fw-fr la_fw-fr party_n ses_fw-fr reproach_n so_o that_o they_o be_v but_o examine_v before_o answer_n nor_o can_v a_o advocate_n be_v thus_o say_v to_o conceal_v truth_n since_o he_o be_v only_o say_v to_o conceal_v who_o may_v be_v force_v to_o depon_n and_o if_o client_n know_v that_o their_o advocat_n may_v be_v force_v to_o depon_n against_o they_o they_o will_v keep_v their_o secret_n or_o propose_v their_o doubt_n under_o borrow_a name_n and_o thus_o the_o design_n of_o find_v out_o truth_n will_v be_v disappoint_v and_o the_o argument_n altogether_o elude_v some_o urge_v that_o advocat_n may_v be_v force_v to_o depon_n upon_o the_o have_v of_o their_o client_n paper_n and_o that_o by_o many_o decision_n they_o have_v be_v oft_o force_v to_o give_v they_o up_o after_o full_a debate_n wherein_o a_o special_a privilege_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o employment_n have_v be_v pretend_v from_o which_o they_o infer_v that_o they_o may_v be_v also_o examine_v upon_o what_o past_a betwixt_o their_o client_n and_o they_o but_o to_o this_o the_o easy_a and_o just_a answer_n be_v that_o a_o advocate_n can_v be_v no_o further_o obliedge_v to_o deliver_v his_o client_n paper_n than_o the_o client_n himself_o can_v have_v be_v but_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o can_v be_v force_v to_o deliver_v up_o any_o paper_n but_o such_o as_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v in_o law_n allow_v a_o interest_n in_o and_o in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v the_o pursuer_n paper_n nor_o be_v such_o paper_n as_o aught_o to_o be_v exhibit_v to_o be_v account_v secret_n and_o advocat_n be_v obliedge_v here_o not_o as_o advocat_n but_o as_o ordinary_a subject_n but_o i_o will_v not_o decide_v this_o weighty_a point_n act_z xxviii_o a_o ratification_n of_o a_o act_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o counsel_n and_o session_n make_v in_o july_n 1620._o against_o unlawful_a disposition_n and_o alienation_n make_v by_o dyvour_n and_o bankrupt_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n with_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o estate_n convene_v in_o this_o present_a parliament_n ratify_v approve_v and_o for_o his_o highness_n and_o his_o successor_n perpetual_o confirm_v the_o act_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o counsel_n and_o session_n make_v against_o dyvour_n and_o bankrupt_n at_o edinburg_n the_o 12._o day_n of_o july_n 1620_o and_o ordain_v the_o same_o to_o have_v and_o take_v full_a effect_n and_o execution_n as_o a_o necessary_a and_o profitable_a law_n for_o the_o weal_n of_o all_o his_o highness_n subject_n of_o the_o which_o act_n the_o tenor_n follow_v the_o lord_n of_o counsel_n and_o session_n understand_v by_o the_o grievous_a and_o just_a complaint_n of_o many_o of_o his_o majesty_n good_a subject_n that_o the_o fraud_n malice_n and_o falsehood_n of_o a_o number_n of_o divour_n and_o bankrupt_n be_v become_v so_o frequent_a and_o avow_v and_o have_v already_o take_v such_o progress_n to_o the_o overthrow_n of_o many_o honest_a man_n fortune_n and_o estate_n that_o it_o be_v likely_a to_o dissolve_v trust_v commerce_n and_o faithful_a deal_n among_o subject_n whereupon_o must_v ensue_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o whole_a estate_n if_o the_o godless_a deceit_n of_o those_o be_v not_o prevent_v and_o remedy_v who_o by_o their_o apparent_a wealth_n in_o land_n and_o good_n and_o by_o their_o show_n of_o conscience_n credit_n and_o honesty_n draw_v into_o their_o hand_n upon_o trust_n the_o money_n merchandise_n and_o good_n of_o well-meaning_a and_o credulous_a person_n do_v no_o way_n intend_v to_o repay_v the_o same_o but_o either_o to_o live_v riotous_o by_o waste_v of_o other_o man_n substance_n or_o to_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o that_o subtle_a stealth_n of_o true_a man_n good_n and_o to_o withdraw_v themselves_o and_o their_o good_n forth_o of_o this_o realm_n to_o elude_v all_o execution_n of_o justice_n and_o to_o that_o effect_n and_o in_o manifest_a defraud_n of_o their_o creditor_n do_v make_v simulate_v and_o fraudful_a alienation_n disposition_n and_o other_o security_n of_o their_o land_n reversion_n teynde_n good_n action_n debt_n and_o other_o belong_v unto_o they_o to_o their_o wife_n child_n kinsman_n alley_n and_o other_o confident_a and_o interpose_a person_n without_o any_o
true_a lawful_a or_o necessary_a cause_n and_o without_o any_o just_a or_o true_a price_n intervein_v in_o their_o say_a bargain_n whereby_o their_o just_a creditor_n and_o cautioner_n be_v false_o and_o godles_o defraud_v of_o all_o payment_n of_o their_o just_a debt_n and_o many_o honest_a family_n likely_a to_o come_v to_o utter_v ruin_n for_o remedy_n whereof_o the_o say_z lord_n according_a to_o the_o power_n give_v unto_o they_o by_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o most_o noble_a progenitor_n to_o set_v down_o order_n for_o administration_n of_o justice_n meaning_n to_o follow_v and_o practise_v the_o good_a and_o commendable_a law_n civil_a and_o cannon_n make_v against_o fraudful_a alienation_n in_o prejudice_n of_o creditor_n and_o against_o the_o author_n and_o partaker_n of_o such_o fraud_n statute_n ordain_v and_o declare_v that_o in_o all_o action_n and_o cause_n depend_v or_o to_o be_v intend_v by_o any_o true_a creditor_n for_o recovery_n of_o his_o just_a debt_n or_o satisfaction_n of_o his_o lawful_a action_n and_o right_n they_o will_v decreet_a and_o decern_v all_o alienation_n disposition_n assignation_n and_o translation_n whatsoever_o make_v by_o the_o debtor_n of_o any_o of_o his_o land_n teynde_n reversion_n action_n debt_n or_o good_n whatsoever_o to_o any_o conjunct_a or_o confident_a person_n without_o true_a just_a and_o necessary_a cause_n and_o without_o a_o just_a price_n real_o pay_v the_o same_o be_v do_v after_o the_o contract_n of_o lawful_a debt_n from_o true_a creditor_n to_o have_v be_v from_o the_o beginning_n and_o to_o be_v in_o all_o time_n come_v null_a and_o of_o none_o avail_v force_n nor_o effect_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o true_a and_o just_a creditor_n by_o way_n of_o action_n exception_n or_o reply_v without_o further_a declarator_n and_o in_o case_n any_o of_o his_o majesty_n good_a subject_n no_o way_n partaker_n of_o the_o say_a fraud_n have_v lawful_o purchase_v any_o of_o the_o say_a bankrupt_n land_n or_o good_n by_o true_a bargain_n for_o just_a and_o competent_a price_n or_o in_o satisfaction_n of_o their_o lawful_a debt_n from_o the_o interpose_a person_n trust_v by_o the_o say_a divour_n in_o that_o case_n the_o right_a lawful_o acquire_v by_o he_o who_o be_v no_o way_n partaker_n of_o the_o fraud_n shall_v not_o be_v annul_v in_o manner_n foresay_a but_o the_o receiver_n of_o the_o price_n of_o the_o say_a land_n good_n and_o other_o from_o the_o buyer_n shall_v be_v hold_v and_o oblish_v to_o make_v the_o same_o forthcoming_a to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o bankrupt_n true_a creditor_n in_o payment_n of_o their_o lawful_a debt_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a probation_n of_o the_o fraud_n intend_v against_o the_o creditor_n if_o they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o verify_v by_o write_v or_o by_o oath_n of_o the_o party_n receiver_n of_o any_o security_n from_o the_o divour_n or_o bankrupt_a that_o the_o same_o be_v make_v without_o any_o true_a just_a and_o necessary_a cause_n or_o without_o any_o true_a and_o competent_a price_n or_o that_o the_o land_n and_o good_n of_o the_o divour_n and_o bankrupt_a be_v sell_v by_o he_o who_o buy_v they_o from_o the_o say_a divour_n the_o whole_a or_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o price_n thereof_o be_v convert_v or_o to_o be_v convert_v to_o the_o bankrupt_n profit_n and_o use_v provide_v always_o that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o say_a land_n and_o good_n or_o price_n thereof_o so_o trust_v by_o bankrupt_n to_o interpose_a person_n as_o have_v be_v real_o pay_v or_o assign_v by_o they_o to_o any_o of_o the_o bankrupt_n lawful_a creditor_n shall_v be_v allow_v unto_o they_o they_o make_v the_o rest_n forthcoming_a to_o the_o remanent_fw-la creditor_n who_o want_v their_o due_a payment_n and_o if_o in_o time_n come_v any_o of_o the_o say_a divour_n or_o their_o interpose_a partaker_n of_o their_o fraud_n shall_v make_v any_o voluntary_a payment_n or_o right_o to_o any_o person_n in_o defraud_n of_o the_o lawful_a and_o more_o timely_a diligence_n of_o another_o creditor_n have_v serve_v inhibition_n or_o use_v hornine_v arrestment_n comprise_v or_o other_o lawful_a mean_n due_o to_o affect_v the_o divour_n land_n or_o price_n thereof_o to_o his_o behoof_n in_o that_o case_n the_o say_a divour_n or_o interpose_a person_n shall_v be_v hold_v to_o make_v the_o same_o forthcoming_a to_o the_o creditor_n have_v use_v his_o first_o lawful_a diligence_n who_o shall_v likewise_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o concreditor_n who_o be_v posterior_n unto_o he_o in_o diligence_n have_v obtain_v payment_n by_o partial_a favour_n of_o the_o debtor_n or_o of_o his_o interpose_a confident_a and_o shall_v have_v good_a action_n to_o recover_v from_o the_o say_a creditor_n that_o which_o be_v voluntary_o pay_v in_o defraud_n of_o the_o pursuer_n diligence_n final_o the_o lord_n declare_v all_o such_o bankrupt_n and_o divour_n and_o all_o interpose_a person_n for_o cover_v or_o execute_v their_o fraud_n and_o all_o other_o who_o shall_v give_v counsel_n and_o wilful_a assistance_n unto_o the_o say_a bankrupt_n in_o the_o devise_v and_o practise_v of_o their_o say_a fraud_n and_o godless_a deceit_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o their_o true_a creditor_n shall_v be_v repute_v and_o hold_v dishonest_a false_a and_o infamous_a person_n incapable_a of_o all_o honour_n dignity_n benefice_n and_o office_n or_o to_o pass_v upon_o inquest_n or_o assize_n or_o to_o bear_v witness_n in_o judgement_n or_o out_o with_o in_o anytimes_o come_v finis_fw-la