Meazles come from the same Feavers A Synochus pure putrid malignant pestilent or venemous is joyned with the Measles and as the other are pusles so these are spots red and broad over the body and especially the Face and Breast Some Children have them both but at divers times the Feaver is alike in both In putrid malignant Feavers red spots such as after flea-bites or black or blew break forth in the height or state of the Feaver these are signs of malignity and Death Sometimes there is a broad spot under the breast as I saw in a maid before her Death in a malignant Feaver And in the yeer 1649. I saw a blew spot which turned black upon the Heart of an old woman before her death and her neighbour died of a Carbuncle in that place where it appeared ten years before when he had the Plague The like in a Pestilent feaver shew the infection and death and are called the tokens In venemous feavers divers spots declare the Poyson Also a smal Ephemera or pure Synochus may be with the Gout Colick Stone bloody Flux and breeding of teeth and in hard travil but this hath no great Symptoms A pure Synochus which degenerateth at the end may have other pain and accidents from internal Inflamations but if it follow them it is not long or vehement nor dangerous but by reason of the Inflamation If the feaver be first and the Inflamation follow which is somtimes very sudden and doubtful which was first if there be a cough of bloody and filthy matter in the Lungs and a pain as the Pleurisie or heat and stretching pain in the Liver or Spleen with this feaver it lasteth longer then a single Synochus and according to the Disease accompanying it is longer or shorter or changed into a putrid feaver As in the causes shall be shewed The accidents of these feavers are less then â—â—ose of a single Synochus they seldom have the Head-ach although the Symptoms of the Disease accompanying be great and dangerous And they are not called by the name of a feaver But if a doting in a true Phrensie or Suffocation in a quinsie which follow these feavers as the Inflamation of the Tongue follow the Disease called in High-dutch Brenne come here upon the companion of the feaver is as the former Albeit other dangerous accidents for which these are called very sharp Diseases come from the Disease There is with a Cough and mattery spitting and Consumption The Tysick accompanies a Hectick Feaver at first a gentle feaver which turneth into a Hectick this is not unlike a simple feaver but kills at a distance This heat being smal breeds no great Symptoms except at the night The Puls is often swift and inequal but not strong when the feaver increaseth by reason of the Patients weakness The Urin is little changed There is somtimes a gentle Symptomatical feaver joyned with Cachexy or evil habit Cachexy or evil habit joyned with a gentle Feaver which is either when the body is swolen and discoloured as in Leuco-Phlegmatia or grown less as in Atrophy the heat of this feaver is not sharp but so gentle that the Patient feels it not Like a Hectick for which it is usually taken It is commonly in new born Children and when they are weaned and in Virgins before they have their Terms It is known by sharp breathing beating of the Heart and Consumption of the body which is seen by the sticking forth of the Sword-bone in the breast and of the Ribs and Shoulders it turns somtimes into a true Hectick and is cured by taking away the Disease that caused it When the After-birth a dead Child A gentle Feaver from the Retention of foul humors or the like or Worms or congealed Blood is retained there is a preternatural heat and a Feaver known by the Puls and other signs that last not long because the cause is not of long continuance as shall be shewed This is at first gentle and Symptomatical Intermitting Feavers that go and come at certain times Intermitting Feavers are of one sort and are called impure Acute because there is an apparent molesting heat which is pricking and impure Yet in respect of the daies in which they come they are divers These are solitary or alone not accompanied with others as continual feavers are for though they produce another Disease yet it is distinct from the feavers Besides they follow not Diseases for as we shall shew in the Causes when a Disease causeth a feaver it must be continual nor are they Symptomatical but Primary and begin of themselves But intermitting feavers are single as the continual are in which not one alone but two or three sorts come in divers fits and therefore it is called a single a double or a triple intermitting feaver Any of these joyned with a continual is Compound as the Semitertian or the like wherein the Patient is alwaies in a feaver The Course of this Acute impure intermitting feavers of what kind so ever is the whol time of the other somtimes for a week or longer or for many months In which time a feaver coming extraordinary in the time of the sit by which we know the time This is properly called the worst time of the feaver and the time of rest is called remission both which are named from their circuite which from the accession either returnes the same day or the following third fourth or fifth Those that return the third day are the most frequent called Tertians An intermitting Tertian and somtimes they come at the same hour often sooner but later when they decline The accession of these feavers is somtimes at four hours twelve or fourteen hours distance and there are so many sits or more before it ceaseth They are most in Summer and young people When they come in Autum and in old men they last longer and are dangerous They which come the fourth day are called Quartanes and are usual An intermitting Quartan either sooner or later the fits are as long or longer then those of a Tertian and the whol course seldom lasting less then three or six months Somtimes above a year or two These begin in Autum and scarse ever leave till the beginning of the next Spring and are more frequent with people of a middle Age. They which come the next day are called quotidians An intermitting Feaver and Amphimerinae The acession is eight hours and the intermission six according to the ancients but we know it not These Quotidians are of the kind of Tertians or quartans not a new sort for if either seaze upon a body and another feaver followeth as is usual either presently or a little after of its own nature or of another sort Then there being divers one cometh one day and another the other so there are divers accessions or fits dayly not equal nor at the same hour till one is gone and the other returnes to its former order
winded especially when he goes up hill or lieth down and it is the chief Symptom he complains of which also foretelleth a Dropsie before a tumor appear and when it comes it increaseth and from the beginning about Midnight after Concoction there is a pressing pain at the Heart and then short breathing and they are in Danger of choaking by which they are constrained to sit up like men in an orthopnaea Breathing with their Neck stretched out And when they lie on the one side either right or left they cannot lie long for shortness of wind on either side but are forced to lie upon their Backs At last the Disease increasing they cannot lie down at all because they are straight tormented thereby and they continue Day and and Night strait up and their Head bowed to their Breast for better breathing sitting long they spend the remnant of their daies miserably There strength decaies for want of lying down there Appetite is lost there is constant Thirst little Urin made the Urine is somtimes high red or Gold coloured and thick somtimes crude and watery somtimes not changed There is another kind of Dropsie Ascites A Tympany joyned with an Ascites in which the belly is far more extended and soundeth like a Drum being beaten in which you may hear a Noise upon motion with other accidents like the former onely the Feet swell not alwaies as in other kinds and this is a Tympany with an Ascites In the Dropsie Tympanites only the belly swells A Tympany alone and is stretched like a Drum from whence it is so called In which the stretching is so great that being strook it sounds like a Drum and being compressed it presently riseth nor will it keep an impression long as an Ascites doth These breath freer then they in the Ascites nor do they find any difficulty of breathing by lying down neither do their Legs or other parts swell besides there are Noises heard in the Belly and they have pain sometimes and are weak There is another Kind of Tympany in which with the aforesaid accidents The Tympany of the Guts there is a stoppage Pain and Vomiting with the Symptoms of the Disease of the Ilion Gut and Colon. The Belly also grows great Naturally as after Conception and somtimes besides Nature in a false Conception when there is a Mole with Conception or without so that a Woman seems great with Child thereby of which three kinds of tumors of the Belly we shall treat here shewing what they are and by what signs they are known That growing of the Belly which is in Women great with Child The growing of the Belly in a Woman with Child albeit being Natural it concerneth not us here yet that we may distinguish it from unnatural and shew that it comes not from any Disease which women do pretend which have been irregular and would conceale their bleeding and that we may pronounce some certainety or probability of Conception and that we may not mistake in this prediction which is easie in regard the women that have conceived are at the beginning especially very doubtful and do exceedingly desire to know and therefore do ask Physitians advise and send their waters we shall shew by signs accidents and Experiments how you may know that a woman hath conceived The Constitution of a woman fit to conceive doth with other signs make somwhat for the Knowledg of Conception This as they write is when besides the soundness of Body and Temperature which is thought to be best when contrary to the Mans she hath broad Loyness a large belly not too fat especially about the Privities But since we see those that are not such do conceive of what temper soever fleshy or lean nay the very least like Pigmyes we can gather great Matter from thence We hold her sit for Conception who is between fourteen and forty five and hath Parents that are fruitful Also if she have formerly conceived there is a stronge presumption if there be a doubt that she hath conceived It is necessary that before Conception she have Knowledg of a Man to enquire this of married people is in vain in others Necessary which when they will not confess it must be discovered by divers Arts among which this is one when there is great Suspicion if the Physitian by the water shall affirm that she is defiled because the vulgar people think a Physitian can tell any thing by the water or else the Parents and Magistrates shall force confession by threats Also if a woman shall perceive after the Use of a Man that she kept the Seed and that it went not out again although through Modesty she will not declare it it is a great sign of Conception especially if at that time she perceived any contraction of the Womb or sucking with great pleasure and that her Seed met with the Man 's at that time If the Terms stop which kept formerly their course it is a great and chief sign of Conception by which women presently judg themselves with Child and casting their account from the first Moneth after Copulation they collect the time of their lying in And if they doubt their Conception they will freely tell a Physitian when they stopped both they which are honest and others also though they which pretend other causes of their stopping And although in women with Child there is somtimes some evacuation of Blood from the Womb at some times yet is it be small and keep no order as the terms did it is not a sign of not conceiving and if the woman at the time she conceived gave suck and wanted her terms as it is usual and afterward though not presently the terms wholly stop it is probable she hath conceived and for this cause when Mothers perceive it they wean their Children If the belly grow bigger by degrees no accidents of a Disease being present it is a main sign of Conception especially if the tumor be most under the Navel and if it be hard and gathered together not pitting after impression as in the Ascites and not stretched out as in a Tympany and keeps the same Magnitude only except its gradual increase and grows not bigger when the Body is upright as in the Ascites and less when she lies down nor hath a tumor as in the Ascites suddenly fallen down when she turns upon one side when it is thus if it be not a false Conception or other Tumor joyned with a true as we have feen for then the belly swelling violently the Women are in Danger of Suffocation through shortness of Breath by which somtimes they die except by Abortion or by lying if they can attain to it they are freed pouring forth much water together with the Child The growing of the Breasts if other things be alike is a sign of Conception because in Diseases they rather decrease if they have Milk it is not to be doubted which we conjecture is made before it
not to be referred to a preternatural Birth but to evil conformation or Deformity from the Birth as we shewed in Deformity The taking away of parts from the body The taking off of parts that constitute the Body although it may be a Disease in number diminished or if they come piece meal in magnitude diminished where we made mention of them yet they may be reserred hither As if the Eye be thrust out of its place or if any humor as the watery Crystal or glassie Humor of the Eye should flow forth or if part of the Brain should come forth at the Nose the Teeth pull'd out of the Mouth the tongue cut off the Lungs be spit up the Guts fall out as in the Haeretick Arrius by a divine Judgement rather then by a Natural Cause Or which is usual when from a wound any part of the Brain Lungs Liver or Spleen comes forth as we said in the Hurt of those parts The Causes The Causes of the Excretion or Voiding of an Infant or of any parts that constitute the body is the solution of Contiguity or things near or of Continuity as shall be shewed Natural Birth when the Child comes ripe and quick into the world The separation of the Vessels of the Child which were joyned to the Vessels of the Womb is the Cause of Natural Birth is when the child 〈◊〉 so grown that the Mother can no longer contain it but it must have have more Air for life and more nourishment and if it should grow bigger it could not get out of those strait Passages Therefore provident Nature ariseth and moveth it by the expulsive Faculty separating the Veins and Arteries by which the bed of the Infant or Secundine was joyned to the womb without any hurt even as the stalks of ripe Fruit fall easily from the tree driveth down the Iâ—â—â—ant by the help of the Mother and so brings it forth not without pain labor sweat and bleeding by reason of the opening of the Veins in the Womb and Secundine more or less in all Women In a preternatural Birth The separation of Vessels before the Child is ripe is the Cause of Abortion when the Child is sent forth unripe by Natur 's force dividing the Connexion of the Vessels there are somtimes less accidents then in a Natural if the Child be small But if there be this Separation of Vessels by a greater force and solution of continuity and tearing which stirrs up Nature to the work there are greater accidents as Pains and Bleeding There are divers Causes of the dividing of the Vessels The Separation of the Vessels by the violent Motion of Body or Mind is the Cause of Abortion and spurring of Nature to the work which procure Abortion if the Child be shaken by violent Motion of the Body so that the Vessels by which it hangs to the womb are divided Nature especially when near the time will send it forth so it may be driven down by leaping as Hippocrates speaks of the tyre-maker that cast away her Child voluntarily also it may come by other violent motions especially of the lower parts by riding running or other violent Motion It may come also with pressing of the Belly by some external Injuries or with strong tying of the Muscles of the Belly or from couging vomiting neesing crying scowring by which also in a Natural Birth the Delivery is helped As the Excrements of the belly so the Child also may be driven down in a Convulsion made by the compression of the Muscles and a violent motion of the body As we saw one that without Sense aborted in the fit of a Convulsion and wondered when she came to her self what had been done to her Belly Also Nature stirred up by Passions of the Mind through the vehement Agitation of the Spirits will cause Abortion as by Fear Anger and other Passions hath been ordinarily seen especially if they swound for then the Child is deprived for that time of vital Spirits with the Mother from whom it receives them When Nature is stirred up by things taken or applied Abortion caused by stirring up of Nature it voided divers things and so also the Child as by the use of purging Medicines which force Nature violently so that not only the Excrements but the Child also is voided Also by the use of those things mentioned in the want of Terms and bringing forth either taken in or applied to the womb by opening the Passages and provoking the womb by a Propriety to provoke Terms or driving down the Child Abortion may be caused The expulsive Faculty is compelled somtimes by humors that burden the womb to void not onely them but the Child also especially by blood which if it be too plentiful for the nourishing of the Child and not consumed by it about the Veins of the Womb it burdeneth Nature which labours to throw it out and sometimes the Terms comming upon a Woman with Child the Child is also sent forth with them Therefore when women with child have their Terms they are in danger to miscarry Or if the Terms be provoked by opening a Vein in the Foot the same may happen and therefore women with Child must not be let Blood in the Foot Also the Terms will sooner be provoked if the blood be thin cholerick or foul and unfit to nourish the Child When the womb is moistned with water so that it is too loose to hold the Child that it is the chief cause of Abortion as some say And if it were so it must needs be without it and moisten the Orifice of the Neck of the womb which is close shut in women with Child because it cannot be in the womb whose cavity is filled with the Child and if it could be there it could not so loosen it nor can it do it when in the Neck of the womb because it cannot remain there and there must be a greater cause of Abortion then that The chief Abortion is from a dead Child Separation of vessels by a dead child is the Cause of Abortion because then Nature labours to void it as being burdensom the causes of dead Children are divers As external force to the belly being great as a Stroak or Contusion Want of Nourishment by which it decaies and at length dieth this is not easie for while the Mother liveth the Veins can scarce be so empty that there is nothing for the Child Moreover though the Mothers blood be impure and foul the Child will have the best of it hence it is that we have observed that women in Ptysicks and Hecticks have gone their time and brought well But it may happen that if a woman with Child have her Terms violently and long the Veins of the womb and all other parts will be so exhausted that the Child must want Nourishment And this is so if for the Causes aforesaid the Child being alive the Vessels are separated from them of the womb
And then it can live no longer not only because it wants Blood but because it wants vital Spirits by reason of the Separation of the Arteries and cannot take breath The Mothers by certain signs do know that the Child in the womb hath a Disease and is sick and like to die but those are not easily determined till Birth nor then except there be visible manifestation as I said of the Dropsie But without doubt Children in the womb have some Diseases as a hot Distemper must needs be in the Child when the Mother hath a Feaver which is in all Parts and also in the Child Or when the woman hath another Disease she may communicate it to the Child or she being full of evill Humors may conveigh them into the Child with the blood and so it may be cacochymical or of evil Juyce or she may give it the Pox or Plague and this is not without a great cause because the Child takes the best and most agreable to it and though the Mother be sick the Child may be sound As Children that sucked their Mothers of the Plague have been by us observed to escape it when others have died Yet I knew a Child born of the mother when she had the small Pox to be full of the same Also it is thought that things taken by the mother or applied to her womb may bring a malignant quality destructive to the child as many Medicines which do kill children and are Poyson Some Diseases that come from the Seed in conception to the child appear sooner some later and kill him before his Birth or continue by him after they are mentioned in Deformity in Diseases original There is a Solution of continuity A Wound or an Ulcer is the Cause of taking away a part that constituts the Body divers waies in the voiding of parts that constitute the Body as a wound when part of the substance of the brain Lungs Liver Spleen is cut off and comes out by the wound or the teeth or tongue is cut off they or some of its Humors fall out which also may come from an Ulcer Also the Brains may come out at the Nose by a contusion as we shewed in Wounds of those parts The Cure A natural and legitimate Birth when the Child comes ripe forth in due time he must not be delivered but well ordered and if it be difficult assisted Concerning which how the Mother and the Midwife should behave themselves we shewed in the defect of Child-birth When travail is past then you must have a care of the Mother and child The Gournment of the Mother and Child after Labor for the Mother you must mitigate her pain and provoke her Flux after Labour and strengthen her thus Let her be raised up gently in her bed that she faint not and give her broath and wine and good Scents to refresh her and let her be moderate in eating and sleeping and keep her out of the Air till she grows strong and her womb be brought to its former Condition which will be sooner if her Belly be rouled gently down As for the Child let him be washed in hot water from his filth and wiped with Feathers and anointed with cream or butter or Oyl of sweet Almonds then roul him and lay him in a Cradle and rock him to sleep and to learn him to suck hold him to the breast it is best to try that as soon as he is washed for comming thirsty out of the bath he will presently lay hold on the Teate and suck After Abortion or Miscarriage there is no other order to be observed then after travail And you must after take heed that it cometh not again which it is probable it will if she hath been formerly subject to it And this is done by things given and applied before conception and when she is with Child Before the woman hath conceived which she may be certain of The preventing of Abortion before Conception if she hath not used a man since her Abortion you must consider diligently if there be any secret cause in her body by reason whereof though she do conceive and the child be formed for if the Seed conceived presently flow forth it is not a true but fase Conception and the cause of barrenness as we shewed yet she doth not keep it And this is done by observing her constitution whether she be Plethorick or Cachymick of much or evil blood and as the Humor aboundeth you must cleanse the body by bleeding purging sweating and good Diet. Or if she have a Disease or Fault in the womb which may cause this you must study to amend it But if there be no Humors appearing that can be thought prejudicial you must strengthen the womb that the child hereafter may stay by Medicines mentioned in Sterility external and especially baths which they say are best and therefore they sit in hot baths often After the woman hath conceived which she knoweth by certain signs To prevent Abortion after Conception then you must take care that she may go out her time and that the child may be lusty But if you perceive it to be dead you must not do so and if you be certain thereof you must use things that provoke Abortion for either the child or Secundine remaining will be the Death of the Mother There are divers things good to retain and keep up the child after you have removed all causes that may hurt it or remove it Sometimes it is good to let blood if we perceive that abortion came from blood abounding about the womb the former time by reason of Plethora in regard she had her Terms in the time of her being great and if we see they begin to flow again as they did you may let blood in the Arm not the Foot because that will move the terms nor is litting blood to be feared as the Ancients thought when people with Child are full of blood for I never knew any miscarry thereby though it hath been done twice or thrice and have seen divers wounded and that have lost much blood and yet the child hath not been the worse yet is it not to be done rashly but a little must be taken at once and more the next month and the third time if need require Also you must not be rash in purging women with child that are apt to miscarry except the body be too much bound and then administer Clysters of some opening gentle Medicine or if the body be very foul then you may give some stronger Purge and that will do no hurt but good for many women by chance not knowing they were with child have taken Purges and had a great looseness and the Child not the worse neither did they miscarry There are things that prevent Abortion by altering which have an astringent Quality to fix the Vessels by which the Child is tyed to the womb and these add strength to the womb and vigor to
Spirits of Wine a deadly Stupidity and also an excessive heat is raised in which case as also in others raised from the like cause we give Natural Milk and Factitious made of Almonds and Guord Seeds also Butter common Oyl and Oyl of Almonds and other Fat and mucilaginous things the which also we said were proper in corroding poysons Also Acid things given as they do quel the heat of Acrid humors and Choler so also the efficacy of Narcoricks which I am wont rather to give as Acid juyces or syrups or Vinegar it self which therefore we have said elsewhere is the most certain Remedy for Drunkenness the other things which do it by a certain propriety shal be explained in the Remedies If a malignant quality The Cure of a sleepiness stupidity from a malignant quality which we cannot rightly explain come from without from the Stroke of a Beast from whence a Sleepiness or stupidity ensues then things antipharmacal resisting these Poysons must be given such as are described in their place but if that such a Malignity be raised up in the body as in Malignant Feavers we have said that then also a Sleepiness and Stupidity doth happen and then applying those things which the malignity of the same method of cureing is to be observed which was mentioned in a Lethargy If a Daemonical Sleep delude Witches as we have said The Cure of Daemonical sleep from an evil Spirit seeing the cause is preternatural it will not be cured by natural Remedies but by prayers and amendment of life but if they refuse to do that they are worthy to be purged by sire The animal spirits being spent in the Brain The Cure of an Apoplexy from the wasting of the animal Spirits if a man become Apoplectical death it self prevents al manner of cure which we ought to foretel to be ready at hand But the Spirits being spent in the Brain by great meditations if sometime they become stupid they easily come to themselves again upon the return of the spirits The Cure of an Epilepsie Catalepsie and Stupidity from the too much profusion of the animal spirit out of the Brain but if that by some vehement affection of the mind the spirits be so carried forth that being taken with a grievous stupidity with Rigor they become Cataleptical then the evil is very pertinacious and that especially if this disease have its original from Melancholly for those thus affected are hardly cured and though they be freed from it yet they continue Stupid and Melancholly And if from Anger also they fall into an Epilepsie they are not free from danger in which species whiles they are in the Fit the same Remedies are likewise applied which are used in the rest of the Epilepical to the quickly taking off of their fits the which ceasing the cause must be turn'd away this being done if the evil do stil return whenas by that we know that the internal cause is yet present which the external did first move then the care must be fitted to the taking away of that which in a Catalepsis they apply to Melancholly in an Epilepsie to the purging of Flegm as shal be said But if that a Convulsion or which seldomer comes to pass a Catalepsis do follow from a Disease of the Nerves drawing the Brain into consent and somtimes affecting of it too the Cause it self must be diligently considered and according to that we must foretell and order the cure which we have said was in that continued Epilepsie as also somtimes in a Catalepsis but seldom hapning a certain malignant melancholly and poysonous humor consisting in the hidden parts of the body of the Veins about the inward parts of the body or also the outward parts and otherwise lurking in the habit of the body or also within the Skul arising from some fault that doth not yet destroy the brain but by course affecting the Nerves but of a milder and Shorter Epilepsie certain evaporations proceeding here and there from the inward bowels from a Causeless persevering and sometimes also Pains or only Troubles when though they have no such great cause in weak Children yet they may produce Epileptical fits but of the rest of Convulsions which are Short we said the internal causes were a poysonous humor also in the Veins in Feavers which these Convulsions do follow or otherwise Acrid Pernicious cholerick or serous humor or blood corrupted or it depends on the taking of things destructive or poysonous or proceeds from grievous pain either from a Wound or the biting of Beasts In all which species since they are all difficult we must not rashly foretel any thing of good although a fit cure and benefit of nature doth somtimes mitigate the Prognostick to wit The long continued Epilepsie so called if it begin before the time of youth and cease not when that time comes viz. when men can eject seed or when women have their courses as also that which first begins after youth is Incurable and desperate which will afflict them to the last day of their lives for a long time unless the cruelty of the symptomes doth make death more speedy but from the Shorter Epilepsie that Convulsion which is called the Worse is deadly and that also which is called the Milder species wants not its danger Which things since that they are thus these Prognosticks being premised the Cure must nevertheless be attempted which we shal not first of al divide according to the Causes seeing they are so various and abstruse but proceeding by the manner of operation we shal explain how by medicines emptying and altering found out partly by Use and partly appropriated to the Cause for some Reason we ought to heal Epilepsies and Convulsions or at leastwise to keep off or mitigate their fits Evacuating Remedies are those which do carry another way the Causes procreating or Fomenting Convulsions whether they be vapors or humors either by revelling and deriving from the part affected or by Repelling and hindring them to come to the part and that either by opening made by Cutting Sucking Burning or by Purgations ordered by divers passages of the body or by other operations outwardly applied Amongst the kinds of Cutting Phlebotomy presents it self for the lessuing of the blood which in a long continued Epilepsie wil take place if the Patient be Plethorick or the Hemthoids which before were accustomary be supprest some general eminent and appearing Vein being made choyce of for this purpose yet many do advise to open the Shoulder-vein called the Cephalick for the heads sake also blood taken from the Veins of the Ham and Ankles is very convenient and so much the more if the Courses be stopt in Women the which also some commend if taken from the Veins of the Forehead and Tongue and if we do conjecture its cause to depend upon malignant blood these detractions of blood must be often repeated whenas we have shewed that in Madness
things given and applied is a singular Remedy if the cause of the Epilepsie lie chiefly in the mesaraick Veins as was said the which also may be done by Leeches and other Remedies exprest in their place Amongst the other operations which are outwardly performed for Evacuation sake both in the Fit and out of it the application of Cupping-Glasses is numbred which somtimes are applied to the hinder part of the Head somtimes to the Shoulders somtimes to the Hypochondries somtimes to the Groyns for diversion as also frictions of the extream parts by all which revelling vapors and humors from the nerves we make the Fits both fewer and shorter and also Galen on his Epileptical Child hath committed to memory upon experience that a certain Air giving cause to an Epilepsie from some part which may be bound if ligature be made above the Rise of it it may be hindred that it shall not run forth to cause an Epileptical Fit as also some do testitifie that by Repellers outwardly applied to the Head the same success hath somtimes been Tht altering Remedies which are applied in the Cure of Convulsions are fetcht from things which do resist the malignity of their Cause by a certain Propriety and that rather by an occult then manifest Propriety viz. by which they are adverse to an Epilepsie in generall from what cause soever it is raised or they are alexiterial the which whether an Epilepsie or Catalepsis proceed from some venenate quality are contrary to such kind of Poysons or the which helping the Nervee do effect that it is not so readily afiected by the Cause and that because they render it firm by strengthing it or smooth it by lenifying or make it impatible by stupefying it or which altering the whol Body do change its Constitution which was pronâ— to an Epilepsie Use hath found out and approved of many Remedâ—â— that do drive away an Epilepsie by a certain Propriety as are Piony Misleto of the Oak the Skulls of a Man an Asse hoof a Swallow and many other such like helps explained in the Remedies which though they may be used in all Causes of it yet whenas besides this Vertue they are also either hot or cold or temperate although they use them confusedly without respect to these we think it more advised that they ought to be selected according to the Nature of the Constitution of the Patient or the Disease and this or that to be preferred before the rest what things do return the venenate quality inducing an Epilepsie or Catalepsis besides those which we have said already do by a propriety resist an Epilepsie and what Antidotes are privately adverse to this Poyson as in other Poysons there are found those things which do resist them hitherto no Experience hath found them out which can readily and quickly do it wherefore if the Epilepsie be from a poysonous Humor or Vapor those common Remedies Alexipharmacall which in generall are adverse to all poysons as Treacle and the like Compositions as they are used in all venenate and pestiferous Diseases so also in these cases being mixed with those things which by a propriety resist the Epilepsie they are given to destroy and correct the cause thereof and if Poyson from without by the blow of a Beast or the biting of a mad Dog entring into the Body hath caused an Epilepsie we cure the same with things alexiterial as the rest of the Symptoms arising thence Those things which add strength to the Nerves are apppropriate Remedies which being repared of capital and arthritical Simples Sage Rosemary Marjoram Bettony French Lavender Primrose and Ivy are good in the Palsie and other cold and moist Diseases of the Brain which soeng they furnish the Nerves as it were with new forces that it may the stronger resist those things which do molest it they are wont not unprofitably to be added to the rest of the Medicines which we use in an Epilepsie but not for that end or intention but because they beleeved that an Epilepsie was caused by Flegm obstructing the Brain they have applyed not only these hot things appropriate to the Nerves but those things which are moist hot that the thick Flegm might be cut and attenuated Castor Euphorbium Pellitory of Spain Squills and divers Spices for the most part Remedies in the Cure of an Epilepsie the which notwithstanding we if an Epilepsie be from an irritation of the Nerves because they do more inflame the Body as we do no wayes see it is cured by these things so we have known by Experience that they do irritate more promote and exasperate its fits and therefore whenas we have either found or received from apvroved Authors and worthy of Belief that they do more hurt by their heat then they can do good unless in a cold and moist Constitution of Body or when they are furnisht with another Propriety above by which they resist Poyson or this Disease we think them otherwise not rashly to be administred Of which sort for Examples sake we will describe the more choice Remedies from the Observations of the Ancients and modern and our own as well those endued with an occult contrariety as those appropriate to the Nerves or those compounded of them both together in their different formes in which are either given or proposed for smell or are otherwise applied to the Body Amongst those things which are taken many of those appropriated many be used amongst Nourishments as the brain of Swallows Kites Dawes Cuckows Chickens Hare eaten The rest which Nature abhors and which are not accustomary we omit as Blood drunken up hot from a man killed which the Common people so much approve of dry Figgs also are commended Plantane with Lentil the Topps of the black Vine as Dioscorides teacheth the which may be taken with Vinegar and Oyl as also Capers which Fontanous so much commends and if the Meats be sauced with Hysop Sage Marjoram and other simples appropriate to the Nerves Amongst things medicinal this Drink may be given Take of the Roots of Piony one ounce of Misletoe of the Oak half an ounce the Roots of Asarabacca Birthwort each two drams Piony seeds one dram Anise half a dram Chamels hey one scruple make a Decoction in Broth or Wine and Water or an appropriate Water dissolving Honey of Squills half an ounce make a Draught give it when the Fit is feared In plethorick Bodies this Decoction may be prepared Take of the shavings of Guaicum half a pound Misletoe of the Oak a quarter of a pound Piony root one ounce boyl them in twelve pound of Water to the consumption of a third part let him drink it instead of wine or allay wine with it They put into the Mouth in the fit the juyce of the greater Housleek or Rue presently prest forth sometimes adding a little Castor Or such like Medicines may be thus prepared that they may be alwaies ready for use Take of the juyces of Misletoe
same cause as hath been explained that by reason of the difference of these Veins in which the matter of Fevers is contained for the same reason they become continual or intermitting But it is certain that the matter is contained somtimes in the veins of the head only other times in the veins of the whol body especially in the greater and upon that account doth cause more grievoius or more mild accidents for as it was declared in continual Fevers if the matter putrifie about the heart there is caused a most burning Fever called a Causus so it fals out here to wit that if such matter be contained in the ventricles of the brain where otherwise the blood of the Veins and Arteries confounded together is very hot a madness or grievous melancholly is raised or if about a more noble part as the Womb the Blood which is wont to abound there and the seed also being retained be corrupted and changed into that poysonous matter as was alleadged formerly by the testimony of Galen it causeth that madness of the Womb in which they so much desire enormous and brutish copulation as hath been demonstrated by the example of a Woman who by reason of a long continued sickness of her Husband by reteining her seed fell into this disease and coveted copulation with dogs and by how much the further scituation it hath from a principal part in the lower parts by so much the more mild melancholly ariseth All which things must be judged how they are by the nature of the accidents and from this that no other external causes went before as was said of a fright from which a grievous melancholly is commonly caused rather then by the constitution which they set forth to be melancholly from the hairs of the body the color of the Skin and the habit also from the excrements seeing these diseases may happen not only to people swarthy lean and sad by nature but to all Naâ—â—tres all Ages as I have often observed But that the cause of it may depend upon a melancholly constitution which they have contracted to themselves by nature or by an ill course of living as was shewed in the hypochondriacal we do no waies deny seeing melancholly blood being turbid and impure doth the easier acquire malignity as also we have somtimes found that hypochondriacal melancholly hath passed into the true one the blood in the Veins being at last infected by the long continued evaporation of heat and also that melancholly which proceeds from the affection of the mind if it fall upon a fit constitution called the melanchollick it wil have a double cause concurring to excite a true melancholly lastly from the suppression of such excrements which easily pass into this poysonous matter as from the retention especially of the menstruous bleod or seed as somtimes a Suffocation of the Womb doth proceed so at other times a madness of the Womb as hath been explained A hot distemper affecting the brain and its membranes A hot distemper the cause of dotage a hot vapor the cause a hot distemper and dotage in a bastard phrensie for the most part cause that first a pain of the Head and if it be more intense a dotage by too much exagitating the functions of the mind but it grows hot somtimes from a hot vapor which is raised up either from hot meat and drink but unless then there be joyned a Narcotick or madding faculty as was said of Wine heat alone wil scarce bring a deliration but only a pain of the head but this is sooner done from hot humors blood too much evaporating especially if it contract some malignity also which is wont presently to make the brain mad as hath been shewed in the causes of melancholly which easily happens in blood altered or putrified whether in the Veins or out of them that by corruption it acquires some malignity from that therefore the like vapor being carried up to the brain it breeds a bastard phrensie so called in many diseases generated from such like humors whose symptom it is So somtimes a dotage is wont to follow a hot expiration raised foom blood in diseases generated from inflamed blood as in diary Feavers a sinochis and internal inflammations which is known to proced from thence by the disease accompanying it also from humors putrifying and so getting a preternatural heat a dotage doth somtimes invade all putrid Feavers at what time chiefly the hot expiration doth very much assail the head as in intermitting Feavers oftentimes at the beginning otherwise about the State and then also chiefly in continual Feavers the heat of the brain helping which by reason of the Fever together with all the parts of the body is heated also for the same reason also Children do oftentimes Rave by reason of Worms when they putrifie a Fever for the most part coming upon it Choller poured forth into the Stomach sending also a hot evaporation to the brain because it is acrid and subtile doth rather cause a pain and a Vertigo than a dotage as shall be said in its place Also Blood made too hot and especially too thin contained in the ventricles and Vessels of the Brain An hot Humor it the Cause of a hot Distemper and Dâ—tage in a bastard Phrensit inflaming the brain not only by a vapor but also by its proper substance induceth a bastard Phrensie as it somtimes comes to pass when by a blow or Fall or in Feavers it flows thither But if that it be carried out of the Vessels and poured upon the brain and its membranes An Inflammation is the cause of a hot distemper or Dotage in a Phrensie it breeds an Inflammation or Erysipelas according as the Blood is then it causeth a true Phrensie which also is called a Syriasis especially if it befal Children whose external and violent Cause may be that which shatters or hurts the Head or the internal a Fulness of Blood and inflammation of it whence a synochus Feaver arising pouring forth a portion of its hotter blood into this principal patr which before did very much abound with blood it makes this grievous Disease whose Companion is a continual Feaver as hath been declared in Feavers differing therefore from a bastard Phrensie because the feaver in that goes before the Dotage but in a Phrensie they both invade together by which signe also t is chiefly known An evil Conformation of the Brain as if it be too big or little or otherwise be not rightly formed for the most part creates the said Foolishness bred in some from their Birth whenas this proceeds from implanted Causes as from the seed of the Parents who either were Fools themselves or their seed had contracted some fault and t is easily known by this that they were Fools from their Birth because the Head answers the unshapen Brain in Greatness or Smaleness or Deformity An evil Conformation the Cause of Folly which fault if it reach to the
Brain being long and much smitten an Apoplexy which evils these Symptoms of Suffocations invading oftentimes by fits are wont to foregoe and foretel But that such like Vapors are for the most part raised up from the Veins as from crude impure bad and Malignant blood yet not putrefied otherwise a Feaver would be caused hath been shown in a Madness and an Epilepsie for as there diversly here and there in the Body such vapors being raised from blood collected in the branches of the Vena Porta and Cava molesting the Brain do produce the forementioned accidents so also in the lower Belly cheifly being collected as in a sink of Excrementitious blood and abundantly in great plenty flying upwards to the Midrif and molesting that either they create Suffocation only or other discommodities moreover But from the Mesaraick Veins especially the greater dispersed every where about the Heart to the Bowels Vapors from the Mesaraick Veins affecting the Midrif the Cause of a Night-Mare and in which by reason of the many Excrements of the first Concoction impure blood is easily collected such like Vapors somtimes arising and stopping about the Midrif they produce a Suffocation which they call the night Mare which invades rather in the night then when Concoction ought to be made because at that time the evil Vapors collected therefore the most part are wont by the accession of Crudities to be increased and moved and to be carried upwards and by reason of lying down to torment the more Whence in their Dreams feeling these streits they Dream of divers causes whence they proceed and being often raised up if the Mind moreover be somwhat affected with them they remain in the same perswasion and though they being raised and set upright the Vapors being then discust the evil ceaseth yet often returning if the Fewel of the evil remains at last it threatens and brings more grievous accidents to the Brain as hath been said The cause of which evil certainly depends upon an ill course of Diet and that a long time continued as in other affects sprung also from Vapors there especially in Hypochondriacal Melancholly and Intermitting Feavers as hath been shown in them This is therefore an accustomary affect to Children and those of ripe Age who do sooner and longer offend in their Dyet In the Female sex this more commonly proceeds from the Veins of the Womb Vapors from the Veins of the Womb affecting the Midrif are the cause of the Suffocation of the Womb. in the strangulation of the Womb therefore so called which when being derived from the branches of the Vena Cava and many of them and great ones do creep along the Womb and its Membranes if the filth of the blood doth stop in them which from the whol Mass of it is wont to be purged thither in impure Bodies that at the set time it may be emptied by the Courses Which is wont to come to pass more commonly in the unmarried by a stoppage of the Courses not so easily in the married by reason of Copulation and the Vapors from thence assail the Midrif they produce divers kinds of Suffocations of the Womb as they prejudice the Midrif and the neighboring parts or those that consent with it and as the plenty and nature of those Vapors is diverse For if it hurt only the Midrif either it breeds only a Dyspnaea if the plenty or offense be less or if it be greater it breed only an Agony of Suffocation but if that it also brings hurt to the Stomach that is continued to the Midrif then with a Dyspnaea and Compression of the orifice of the Stomach which they call the heart Nauseousness Vomiting a Vertigo and pain of the Head being caused by consent the Hysterical accidents do shew themselves Which passions are wont to happen in great bellied Women at the first Month the young one being not yet increased nor able to consume the blood that is retained especially if it be impure from which also they take a sign that they are with Child Hysterical Women are far more grievously affected if these Vapors especially the Poysenous being communicated to the Heart too by reason of its communion as it hath been said do also bring dammage In which species the Motion of the Heart wholly ceasing all breathing also ceaseth and as it were seazed on by a Syncope the Virgins fall by degrees to the ground and are held in that fit some a short time others the space of an hour before they come to themselves But at other times the Midrif by reason of the consent which it hath with the Brain as hath been said or both together affected with these Vapors with the said strangulation of the Womb that called the Madness of the Womb or Convulsive Motions and other hurts of the Brain offended do manifest themselves All which also may be varied not only by reason of the parts affected but also if a Poysenous cause be joyned according to the divers Nature of the Poyson by which they are wont chiefly to beset this or that part as we have expounded in other diseases of the Womb that vitious blood breathing forth such like Vapors is generated from divers causes and collected about the Womb. Amongst which they have beleeved that the seed retained and corrupted is not the least cause in Virgins with whom this affect is familiar the which yet can scarce be as long as it is contained in its proper Vessels and if poured out of them it be retained it rather produces an Erosion of that part then such accidents as we shall explain elsewhere Winds filling the Capacity of the Belly because they distend that Wind hindering the Midrif is the cause of a Dyspnaea as also the Midrif which shuts up the upper parts of it they cause a Dyspnaea which also the puffings up with Wind of the Stomach and Cholick Gut that lies under the Stomach do effect by reason of the neerness and Adherency with the Midrif and they know that they proceed from thence by the murmuring and distension of that place but that they write that they would no waies have a Night-Mare to be caused by the same Winds or thick Vapors the far more grievous evils which do then fall out and follow from thence do sufficiently declare A watery Humor also distending the Belly and drawing a sunder the lower Ribs of the Breast A Humor possesssing the Midrif is the cause of a Dyspnaea extending the Midrif doth breed a difficulty of breathing in an ascites Dropsie as shall be declared in a Dropsie But the Humor which is collected in the Cavity of the Breast doth cause a Dyspnaea rather by hindering the Lungs then the Breast as we shall shew in the Lungs The Bowels lying under the Midrif and growing to it The Bowels hindring the Midrif are the cause of a Dyspnaea or hanging by it if they acquire too great a bulk drawing down the Midrif with
their weight do not suffer it to be moved freely or in those that lie down lying upon it they hinder it by pressing it as when the Liver Spleen being obstructed hardned and increased into a bulk in the Hydropical do cause that high difficulty of breathing which oftentimes doth discover a Dropsie a long time before a Tumor doth appear with which they are molested lying down and therefore are compelled to sit upright the swelling of the Belly also increasing it as hath already been said A Dyspnaea also may happen from the Stomach too much filled with meat which vexeth so long till the things taken are disgested or are returned by Vomit or are eased by belching The which when it succeeds not and the Repletion is great they may be Suffocated which as it may happen from the quantity of things heaped in so from the quality of certain meats as of Mushrums which are wont to Suffocate The Instruments by which breathing the Voice and Speech are performed or governed are the Cavities of the Mouth Nostrils and Jaws containing the Air for the performance of all three the parts placed in the Mouth for the uttering an Articulate Voice or Speech by their Motion are the Tongue or by tuning are the Palate and the Teeth the passage or pipe carried from the Jawes to the Lunges that makes the Voice and serves for breathing in drawing down the Air is the rough Artery or Wind-pipe the Bowels or Bellows receiving and sending forth the Air by a Natural Motion for breathing is the Lungs the Breast doing the same by a voluntary Motion with the Lungs to which it applies it self By reason of the Largness of the Mouth The stoppage of the Mouth and Nostrils the Cause of Suffocation Nostrils and Jawes these defects happen if the Mouth and Nostrils together be stopt up by external Bodies or by water or otherwise the Teeth being bound together that the Mouth cannot be opened the Nostrils in the interim being stopt up with Snivel upon which account somtimes the Apoplectical and Epileptical are in danger of Suffocation especially because otherwise breathing is made obscurely in them but if that the Nostrils only be stopt with Snivel or other things because they may draw breath with their open Mouth then breathing is only somwhat hindered when the Air cannot be sufficiently let in or rather because then t is fetcht quick it is depraved and an uncomely voice is utteied The hinder largeness of the Jaws being likewise stopt The narrowness of the jawes stopt is the Cause of Suffocation the same comes to pass especially about its narrowness in which even the least thing that sticks makes work and that especially if the passage into the Wind-pipe and Gullet being possest by a Tumor arising in the incompassing coat or in the Muscles of the Jaws and Larynx or in the Glandules or Palate or by the Palate fallen down be obstructed Or if the Vertebrae of the Neck being Luxated inwardly which is most commonly in the first Vertebrae which is loosly joynted with the Head and by reason of the weight of the Head sustains great Motions These passages be straitned especially if then the Nerves also and rough Artery be prest from which accidents they can neither sufficiently breath or utter a voice or speak or swallow Somtimes also a pain being joyned as we shall explain these things in a quinsie A Species of which also it is said to be if it be from a Vertebrae Luxated and in the other painful Diseases of the Jaws By occasion of the Tongue A driness of the Tongue is the cause of Stammering the Speech suffers a defect if that as it is a Musculous Instrument for of the other hurts of its Muscles we have already spoke it be too much dried and hardned from the causes explained in the hurt of Tasting For because then in the pronouncing of certain Letters it cannot be sufficiently rowled the which that they may be plainly exprest do require a more various doubling of it whiles they shape their words they stammer The Tongue too much increased is the Cause of hindering the Speech The which also happens from a Tumor arising under it or if it swel or be inflamed or otherwise if from the birth it have too great a bulk which oftentimes is so great that they cannot speak at all A familiar fault with some Fools who from their birth are born Fools and Dumb A little Tongue the cause of defect of Speech as hath been said in an Alienation of the Mind the which also happens if it be framed too smal The bond under the Tongue tied up the cause of the defect of Speech or if it be cut off or maimed by a punishment or some other chance and in Convulsions the Tongue being strongly laid hold on and bit of by the Teeth the same also comes to pass by reason of that bond by which it is knit if that be too strait bound up and not sufficiently loosed in Children new born so that it hinders the free Motion of the Tongue The Palate seeing it is the quil of the Voice if that be wanting or mained The want of the Palate is the Cause of the want of Speech it doth prejudice the voice as also when the former Teeth are wanting because they ought to resist the Motion of the Tongue in the pronuntiation of certain Letters and that in the want of them cannot be done they Stammer a little By reason of the Diseases of the rough Artery or Wezand The want of Teeth the cause of stammering which is the Pipe through which natural and vocal Respiration is uttered the breathing Voice The binding or stopping of the chink of the Larynx is the Cause of the defect of the Voice and Speech do fail for if the chink of the Head of it called the Larynx be too much bound which happens by occasion of the Membrane in which that is cut when it is dried and wrinkled more then is fit by the cold Air or cold Water or the use of astringent things then a smal or hoarse Voice is uttered Which impediment also of the Voice happens from a thick slime long sticking there for if it be wholly obstructed with that or some other Body slipt in or drawn in with the brearh and continuing there long the which yet seldom happens because it is forced to give place by the Cough which it suddainly moves unless by reason of its sharpness the thing sticking there be fastned into it it must needs be that the Patient be suffocated As Histories testifie that Pope Adrian died by a Fly flying into his Throat and we have observed a Child strangled by Swallowing a Gold Noble And what they suffer also in whom water by chance flowes down into this Wind-dore of the rough Artery and what straits it breeds and how with great violence a Cough doth cast it thence through the Mouth and
that is fallen thither This Masticatory is good Take Nutmeg two drams Long Pepper Cubebs Galangal Water-cresse sceds Mustard seed each one dram Salt Gum Elemi each half a dram Mastick one dram and an half Turpentine which is highly commended and with Wax make Pills add half a scruple of Castor These Pils are excellent to be held all night under the Tongue Take Bayberries one dram Castor and Euphorbium cach six grains with the Infusion of Gum-traganth made in Rose water make Pils It is admirable to rub the Tongue with Mithridate and Castor And to wash the mouth with Brine or a Decoction of red Wine Sage and Salt Or this Take Acorus roots one ounce Galangal Cypress Costus Nutmeg each half an ounce Sage Marsoram each one handful boyl them in Water and Wine and add Honey of Rosemary flowers make a Gargarism Black-Cherry water to wash the mouth and to drink is vulgarly admired in loss of Speech but this is better Take Black-Cherry water Lavender Sage and Pennyroyal water each equal parts Anoynt the mouth often Some have written it as a secret that the juyce of Nettles put into the Ears restoreth the Speech The same external medicines are to be used as in the Palsie And the Oyntments and things which are applied to the original of the Nerves are to be applied to the nape of the Neck and let the Jaws be anoynted therewith Sinapisms Dropaces Vesicatories and Cauteries which draw back are to be applied to the hinder part of the Head If there be plethory it is good to let blood under the Tongue in the Palsie thereof upon the same side and to apply Cupping-Glasses under the Chin and the hinder part of the Head It is good to bid them use the Tongue and endeavor to speak If Voyce Speech or Breathing be hindered 't is a Desluxion upon the Muscles The Cure of want of Breathing which distendeth and inflameth them whether it be in the narrow Muscles of the Jaws or of the breast or upon the Diaphragma it shal be spoken of in Pains and Defluxions But if it come from the Diaphragma which is so troubled with Vapors that Nocturnal Suffocation or Fits of the Mother follow then because this Symptom is most urgent The Cure shal be as followeth If a Vapor arise from the Praecordia and hinders the Midriff in the Sleep The Cure of Incubus or Night-mare and brings danger of choaking as in the Incubus it is dangerous for fat folks and Children Otherwise if it continues it sends the Vapors to the Brain and causeth worse accidents as Hypochondriack Melancholly or Madness or Falling-sickness for the cause is the same only the part affected differreth and if the brain be much hurt it may turn to an Apoplexy Therefore it is good to prevent it betimes and the Crudity and Cacochymie and Repletion in the first passages is to be taken away And the Vapors are to be kept from rising to hurt the Diaphragma or other parts either in the Fit or out of the Fit and to be diverted and discussed as we shewed in the Melancholy Epilepsie Catalepsie and the like Diseases from the same cause This is done first by purging the thick Excrements by Clysters or otherwise and then letting blood if it be much or impure Then clense the Cacochymy by vomit and purge as the humor is especially with things against Melancholy and Wind that are good for the Head and Falling-sickness Then use particular Evacuations provoke the Haemrhoids or Courses if they be stopped and purge the Excrements of the Brain by the Nose And in the mean while to make a good Concoction give apply things to the Stomach avoid Crudities and things breeding Excrements and Wind. Look to the Head for the Imagination is hurt and to the Heart by reason of Fear and to the Breast for it is troubled All these must be respected out of the Fit In the Fit use Clysters and then outward Applications that draw down vapors and these may be continued after for prevention of the Fit If you give no Clyster use this Take Diacatholiconsix drams Diasenna Solutiva one dram give them alone or in Wormwood Water Pils Take Species Hiera of Galen half a dram Aggregative one scruple with Syrup of Stoechas make Pills The Humor is prepared thus Take Syrup of Hysop for the Head and Breast Stoechas and Lavender Honey or Rosemary of Bugloss each â—â—e ounce Oxymel simple half an ounce Wormwood Mints Succory Bugloss and Peony water each three ounces give it for three or four times with Nutmeg Or thus Take Fennel Asparaguâ— and Liquorish roots each one ounce Peâ—ny roots and Capar bark each half an ounce Bâ—ttony Hysop each one handful Endive Succory Bugloss Agrimony Hops each half an handful Bugloss flowers one pugil Raisons stoned one ounce Annise and Fennel seed each two drams Dodder one dram Schaenanth one dram boyl them to a pint strain it and dissolve Oxymel two ounces Sugar one ounce Diarrhodon Abbatis one dram for four Doses In Crudities Infuse in Wine Fennel roots two ounces Capar barks half an ounce Galangal three drams Wormwood Germander Groundpine each three drams Cordial flowers each two drams Fennel and Parsley seed each one dram Then purge Take Liquorish half an ounce Raisons one ounce Anise seed two drams and an half Cordial flowers one pugil Epithymum Senna each half an ounce boyl them and add to the straining Rhubarb one dram barks of black Helebore prepared half a dram if the Patient be strong or increase the quantity of Senna Ginger Grains of Paradice each half a scruple strain it and give it with half an ounce of Syrup of Roses Or give other Potions with Diasenna or Pils of Cochy c. Evacuate at divers times by the former or by Magistral Syrups Electuaries c. mentioned in Melancholy Diseases Let these Pils be in readiness Take Species Hierae Archigenis one dram Black Hellebore prepared one scruple Agarick Rhubarb each half a dram Epithimum half a dram Peony seeds and roots each half a dram with Honey of Squils make a Mass let him take three or four or more bigger or less as they work Let him use them often fasting fome hours before Dinner or Supper Hiera Archigenis alone wil do the same Spare Diet and avoiding Suppers is excellent especially if it come from Surfets Let him beware of crude and windy things that stretch forth the Belly and increaseth shortneness of Breath Let the Diet be of good juyce and easie Concoction with warm Spices For Drink Wine is forbidden because it disturbs the mind and Water because it puffeth up and Mead is allowed but in young people by reason of the Honey which turneth into choler it is not so good We allow Wine moderated with Water as in other melancholly Diseases A Honey-water for old men that are flegmatick Take Liquorish one ounce Fennel half an ounce Raisons stoned two ounces Annise seed one dram Bugloss flowers one pugil
bodies fall into the rough Artery being it is of exquisite sense Things falling into the rough Artery cause a Cough and cannot so much as have a touch of them a cough is caused and it is greater if the things be rough or sharp As it is when in eating or drinking any thing goes the wrong way in at the Larynx or Wind-pipe as it often happens to them that speak when they are eating which enlargeth the wind-pipe Water Wine or a crum of bread gets in or the like which cause coughing by which they are sent out at the mouth or Nose Also dust or pouder may be drawn into the Wind-pipe and cause the same And if the like be snuffed or drawn into the Nose with the breath Things snuffed into the Nose the cause of neezing being sharp and pricking they cause neesing as Pepper Pellitory Hellebore or sharp juyces And if they get into the Wind-pipe with the Air they cause coughing Also things that burn the Jaws Things held in the mouth cause spitting and prick the mouth chewed or held therein provoke spittle as Pellitory Stavesacre and the like A watry humor thin or thick A humor from the Brain causeth a Cough simple or mixed with choler which is salt or is chewed in a Catarrh if it fall into the Wind-pipe it causeth a Cough which is greater according to the quantity or sharpness of the humor And it continues when the Flux continueth and is rather dispersed than sent forth by coughing All these are milder when the humor is watery and not sharp as when it falls at night only and is easily spit up the next morning Also the same humor falling from the head into the mouth or Wind-pipe causeth a hauking which brings it into the mouth and so sends it forth A humor from the head is the cause of hauking If it be tough and sticketh long it causeth a hoarsness by making an inequality in the part which hinders the voyce or it lies under the Tunicle and swels it Use of Quick-silver is the cause of spitting When filth is sent hither from the whol body it causeth a constant spitting as after anoynting with Quick-silver by which means an ulcer may be caused which may cause hoarsness If the humor from from the head be sharp and thin An humor from the head is the cause of sneesing and flow to the Nose it causeth by pricking neesing and often sniffling in the disease Coryza and if it continue Inflammation and ulcers from the heat of the humor When Blood falls into the Jaws it is hauked out Blood falling down is the cause of hauking and cough when into the Lungs it is coughed out And if it be sharp and about the Nose it causeth neesing which foregoeth bleeding at the Nose Also Flegm in the Lungs from their crude nourishment causeth coughing which continues according to the toughness as we shewed in Asthma Flegm or Gravel in the Lungs the cause of coughing As also stones or gravel growing there especially if they be in the greater branches of the Wind-pipe where the sense is more exquisite and laboureth to get forth Also matter in the Lungs causeth coughing Matter in the Lungs the cause of a cough of flegm long conteined and ripened or of excrementitious blood without an Ulcer for which cause in the Pleurisie and Peripneumony it is gathered rather from the Inflammation of the Lungs than strained through the Lungs from the breast which causeth coughing as I shal shew there somtimes it comes from an Ulcer or Imposthume of the Lungs and 't is alwaies spit up in Consumptions In all which if the matter be white concocted and temperate the Cough is milder but if yellow green black sharp or stinking it is worse Also the matter in a Pleurisie and Peripneumony sweating through the Lungs at the first causeth a Cough Matter and blood in the Lungs cause a Cough And Blood in the passion of Blood-spitting Evil Vapors causeth Hickets If the Midriff in malignant Feavers be troubled with evil vapors and stir'd to send them forth it is contracted and suddenly relaxed as we shewed in Convulsions and causeth the same in the Hickets as we see in deadly Diseases And in a burning Feaver when the Midriff is dried this cannot be but a dfficulty of breathing If the Midriff be wounded with the Stomach it causeth depraved motion for the Midriff lieth upon the stomach and hath the same Tunicle with the Stomach and the Nerves therefore it must needs consent therewith And when the stomach laboureth to expel any the Midriff moves to resist it with the other Muscles of the breast as it doth assist the Muscles of the belly to press down the Excrements by stool If any thing offending the inward sides of the stomach only The pricking of the stomach is the cause of Hickets be to be cast off the motion of the Hicket is sufficient by which the Midriff shakes the stomach and helps the expulsive faculty that it may cast the matter sticking thereto into the hollow of the stomach and mix it with the rest And then the pricking ceaseth and also the motion of the Midriff except the matter cleave again to the stomach and then the Hickets return The Stomach is pricked thus by sharp things or such as burn or are enemies unto it as Pepper Onions Purges Poyson stinks or cholerick malignant humors there bred or sent thither When the stomach is offended by consent of the inward Tunicle Heart-burning the cause of Nesing nature strives to disburden it by a stronger motion which is Neesing by which they which have pain at the Heart are suddenly refreshed because the matter is by that means shaken into the stomach And by the same consent not only with the stomach The Cause of Cough and Sneesing from stomach and Guts but guts and bowels adjacent there is a dry cough as it appears in Children that have the Worms which cause a dry Cough by their disturbing of the stomach and Colon and somtimes Neesing before which the Nose itched by the consent of the same Tunicle And in other obstructions of the bowels the Midriff being burdened with their weight there is a dry Cough Belching is a stronger motion than Hickets for the Midriff helps the stomach Wind the cause of Belching when it is filled with Wind to throw it out which swels like the matter that caused it When the matter is more solid as meat and Drink and humors Trouble in the stomach the cause of Vomiting there is a stronger motion of the Midriff and Muscles of the breast by Vomiting by which the stomach is not only forced but turned by which the matter and air is sent forth with great noise by an unaccustomed way This Vomiting is caused by things in the stomach that offend in quantity or quality as we shal shew in Excretion and things cast out Also the
strieghtened within or stopped by a Tumor The Cure of difficult swallowing from a Tumor Inflammation or Desluxion or hurt by things taken in if there be pain the Cure shal be mentioned in the pains of the neck If it be pressed by external Injuries or loosning of the Spondil From Compression of the Gullet in regard it hinders breathing which is the greatest danger we shewed in Respiration what should be done If Vomiting be profitable to prevent Diseases The Cure of hard Vomiting as Avicen commends it once in a month or oftener or if it be necessary in Diseases to expell things that trouble the Stomach and if it be difficult by reason of the unfitness of the Constitution by reason of the short neck and streightness of the breast and mouth of the stomach it is often inconvenient to force it But if in such natures it is necessary and there be striving without success We have shewed in divers Diseases where Vomiting is required how to provoke it by filling the Belly and subverting it as they call it and tickling the Jaws and Throat We shal shew in Cardialgia or Heart-burning The Cure of difficult belching how that imperfect Belching with heat of stomach is to be cured CHAP. VII Of the Defect of Dejection or going to Stool The Kinds THere is a Defect of natural Excretion of Excrements from the Belly and it is called Constipation or Astriction or binding of the Belly Belly-bound In which either nothing is voided and the Belly is wholly stopped Or the Excrements are voided seldom or less than is fit or with great labor and straining This is somtimes in sound people whose nature is to go seldom to stool Or according to Hippocrates it comes from the change of age so that they who are in youth loose-bodied are bound in old age and so contrarily In others it is from an evil custom and life as shal be shewed and is the cause of diseases It is a Symptom in divers Diseases both of the lower belly joyned with Heart-pain Colick Jaundies Ruptures and other accidents And of the Head with pain giddiness and the like And in Feavers this is a familiar symptom And in other diseases it is so usual that it is the first and last symptom of which the Patient complaineth The Causes The Guts containing the Excrements must needs be afflicted in every Constipation or binding either primarily when they are stopped or secondarily when they have lost their expulsive faculty When the Guts are straitned so that the passage of the Excrements is hindered the Belly is bound And this straitness may come from astriction or Convolution We call it Astriction when the Guts have lost their slippriness Driness of Excrements is the cause of Constipation or binding and are dried and wrinkled or when they are bound and made straiter Hence is it that Driers Binders sower and sharp things taken as they astringe the Gullet and wrinkle the Jaws so if they be taken imoderately especially fasting they stop the Guts and their passages and bind the belly And this may come from long fasting and too much evacuation And from heat that drieth the guts or rather the Excrements as we shal shew Some say that the Guts may be pressed and stopped by a Tumor in the Mesentery but we think it not to be possible because when a Woman is with child that great Tumor dorh not cause constipation without some other accident The thin Guts are somtimes so rouled together in the disease called Convolvulus Convolution or rouling together of the Guts the cause of Constipation or Costiveness so that they are closed and the Excrements cannot descend but are vomited up either with pain called Ileon when the Guts are inflamed or with repletion of excrements without Inflammation as we shal shew in pains But this is most usual in Ruptures when the Guts fal into the Cods from the breaking of the Peritonaeum by reason of the evil position of the Guts There is an ordinary Constipation from the Obstruction of the Guts with proper Excrements Obstruction of the Guts by excrements is the cause of Constipation not only when they abound but when they are dry hard thick clammy and hinder the Excrements that follow This is usually in the Orifice where the thin Guts use to open themselves into the thick by reason of the straitness there where they have been so fixed that the constipation hath been deadly as we have observed in Anatomy This is often in the Colon in the great turning thereof before it comes to the Rectum by the hard dung reteined and stopping and binding the Belly with the pain of the Colick And somtimes such hard dung is in the Arse-gut and not voided without great straining or help of Art The dung grows hard when the meat is too solid and dry as we see in Dogs that eat bones especially when they drink little The same comes from the use of hot and dry meats And it is in hot natures when the Liver and parts adjacent are too hot in whom if they go not every day to stool through long sitting riding or lying in the bed because the excrements fall down better when the body is upright or moved the Excrements grow hard from their internal heat that drieth them Hence it is that Senators Riders and old Men complain of costiveness And as it comes from moderate heat so may it come from hot diseases and Feavers From fasting also the Guts and excrements that remain may be dried not only in the time of fasting but after if they be very hungry And that because nature being exhausted draws whatsoever chylus or humor is in the meat to recruit her by the Mesaraicks and so leaves the Excrements dry and hard Hence it is that after a long Disease when the Patient eats much he complains of a constipation And though they who nourish wel have rather a dry than moist belly the Guts can scarce be so stopped by any thing but Excrements Stopping of the Guts by other things besides excrements is the cause of constipation for things that are swallowed though great and hard if they pass the Gullet may also pass the Guts except they stick in the Fundament And what is written of the stone in the Guts it is rare and can scarce be so big as to stop the Guts except dung as they say be turned to a stone If the Guts lose their pricking and the expulsive faculty doth not move them Loss or Dulness of sense is the cause of Costiveness our wil is also at rest being not admonished thereby and there is no dejection This is when the Guts either feel not or very little from the fault of the Nerves of the sixth or seventh conjugation from whence the Nerves of the Guts arise And in a general stupefaction they suffer with the other Nerves and there is no dejection as here in particular The same
Inject with a Syringe into the bladder things that loosen the passages as Oyl of sweet Almonds or in which Mallows was boyled or that prick as Oyl of Scorpions to cause Urin and the Stone to be voided Or Whey or other clensers as Honey and Aloes if the humor be thick or things that break the Stone If there be a Caruncle or hardness inject Mollifiers and Clensers as Aegiptiacum and after Dryers as that of Litharge Tutty Antimony Ceruss and Aloes thrust in at the end of a Wax Candle If the Bladder be ful of Urin put in the Catheter which is good in all stoppages for it drives back the Stone breaks the Caruncle and dissolves clotted blood or matter it is made hollow that the Urin may flow through it Chimches Fleas and Lice may be put into the Yard or smal Hairs to provoke Urin. They say Galbanum applied like a Plaister to the top of the Yard provokes Urin. Also a Fume of Hedghogs bristles and Agarick and of Grass-hoppers doth it in Women Somtimes the only pressing of the swollen Bladder with the hand doth it And when a Stone is gotten into the Yard it may be pressed out by degrees Somtimes they must be cut for the Stone or Caruncle when other means fail as we shal shew in the Stone CHAP. IX Of the Defect of Bringing forth Children or other things The Kinds THere is a Defect of natural excretion by which a Woman sends forth at a fit season either a Child or a deformed Mole The Birth is Defective when it is difficult as it may be preternaturally and naturally Or when it is not at its time appointed by nature or before it or when part thereof remains behind Birth becomes difficult and painful when it is Natural when the Child is ripe A natural difficult Birth and the Woman hath foregoing signs by which she is provoked to hold her breath and press the Muscles of the belly as in other digestion All which are increased when the Child comes forth Also after birth some pain remains called after-pains of which seeing they are natural to the bringing forth we shal speak in the hurt of that Function rather than in pains Somtimes Travail is not preternatural from some impediment and so with more difficulty and slower as is mentioned A preternatural difficult Birth in which great pain afflicteth with straining heat and sweating when the Child sticks cross in the passage where the Midwife may feel it or when the Hand or Foot hangs out and not the Head for when that comes first the birth is easie Hence it is that either the Mother or the Child often dies It is said to be no Birth when the Woman goes beyond the natural time Birth hindered which is usually the tenth month though the seventh month be also allowed and there is nothing brought forth though the Child be ripe or there be a mole And then she falleth to sounding which kind of fainting is here most deadly through pain labor and bleeding Also shee hath her throws at the time and seems to be fit for Travail and is so disposed by the Midwife and her Urin breaks from her as is usual in that condition But all these cease and no birth followeth And if they return not the Child is dead and putrifies and breeds Feavers and Faintings and so infecteth the body that the Mother dieth as many have done especially one who went five months beyond her time with a dead Child and a stinking flux with the Navel-string hanging forth before she died which so infected that the Womb and Child were black and very stinking when shee was opened And when the Mother lived shee had somtimes cleer bladders about her Navel which signified putrefaction through which the Back-bones of the Child were seen and taken forth after they brake This causeth death as we shewed if it be not speedily voided and may be before the Child is perfect and then it must be cast out presently and it is easily done while it is little but when it is great there is as we said want of birth As also if there be a false conception or Mole which the sooner it is cast out the less is the danger therefore when we are certain thereof if nature be slow we help her with Medicines The Child is known to be dead if the Mother feel no motion which shee formerly felt and the belly is stil big which often deceiveth by the Terms reteined and these breaking forth it suddenly falleth flat about the flanks And if the Womb be cold and the Paps which were swollen grow lank At length if it continue there followeth water matter and filth and pieces of the secondine hang out there is a Feaver Heart-pain and Swounding We shal shew in depravate Conception when there a Mole and no Child and how you shal know it The Birth is imperfect when the Child is voided and the Secondine remaineth whol or torn Imperfect Birth growing to the Womb or stopped and causeth great danger of a Feaver or sudden Swounding or Death The Causes The Scripture witnesseth that natural difficulty of Travail was caused by original sin Sin from Eves fall in Paradise for which the Creator was pleased to inflict pain in Travail Yet let us shew some natural cause of both why it should be naturally or preternaturally defective or imperfect which is either from the greatness of the Child Situation or weakness or form of the Womb having three orifices or from streightness of the Neck thereof When a Child ready to be delivered is great as when it can no longer be contained in the Womb Greatness of the Child but seeks another mansion and Diet in respect of the passages the Delivery cannot be without pain though it be natural And the rather when the Child being great by the Father is born by a little Woman which brings forth with great danger alwaies As also when there is monstrous Conception or many at once There is also either no birth or very hard Evil position of the Child when the decent roundness of it is changed by breaking the coats and flowing of water whereby the Child comes not forth with the Head first but the Feet or lieth cross or when the hands or feet which were close to the sides are stretched out And in regard the strong Throws of the Mother are required in Travail Weakness of the Mother the more couragious the Woman is the easier is the Delivery so they that are weak as very young and old Women and such as are weak-spirited and fearful dul and sloathful are tired out and in great danger If the Vessels by which the child wrapt in Membranes with a cake of flesh in the middle cleaveth to the Womb be not ripe The Vessels connexion not divided in the Womb. they are unfit to be divided like the stalks of unripe Apples without tearing and force and bleeding nor doth bleeding
of which we speak in defect of strength Pills Take Amber half a dram Smaragds Hyacints of each two scruples Pearls one scruple Basil seeds one dram Camphire half a scruple with juyce of Citrons make a Mass give half a dram Bags for the Heart of red Silk quilted sprinkled with Wine or Rose water or Balm water Thus Take Citron peels Balm Spiknard Baies red Roses Rosemary Lavender Borrage of each one dram Basil seed two drams seeds of Citrons Mirtle berries of each one dram Cuchineel half a dram Sanders wood Aloes Cloves Mace of each half a dram Coral one dram precious stones half a dram Troches of Camphire Species Diambra of each one scruple Make a Pouder for a Bag. Anoynt the Heart and Pulses morning and evening with this Take juyce of Mother-wort Oyl of Spike of each half an ounce boyl them a little add Oyl of Cloves half a scruple Camphire one scruple Saffron half a scruple with Wax Make a Liniment add a little Musk. Or this Epithem Take Rose water three ounces Balm Lavender water and Wine of each one ounce and an half Camphire one scruple Heat Balm upon a hot Tile and sprinkle it with Wine and apply it to the Heart Perfumes go to the Heart speedily As this Take Balm Basil Gilly flowers dried of each two drams Angelica roots dryed Citron peels of each one dram Saffron half a scruple Camphire six grains tie them in a clout and sprinkle them with Rose and Balm and Wine and let it be smelled to A Fomentation is good to the left side with a Spung wet in this Decoction Take Chamomel and Melilot flowers of each one pugil Annis and Fennel seeds of each two drams Fenugreek half an ounce Boyl them in Wine It is good to rub the Limbs especially the Legs and left side And to apply Cupping-glasses to the left side or Hypochondria Rest doth allay the Palpitation as motion increaseth it Camphire hung about the Neck is reported to be excellent CHAP. XII Of want of Appetite The Kinds WE call it a Defect or want of Appetite when men neither hunger nor thirst or when they disdain certain things which are to be eaten and drunk Some hunger not at convenient times that is Anorexia or Appetitie dejected when the Stomack is empty and the Appetite is wholly or for the most part gone this is called Anorexia and if they disdain or loath Meat and suppose it unpleasant which is pleasant it is called Nausea and Apositia Nausea or loathing and if all meat be refused Asitia If this be in some men except the cause be manifest it presageth Diseases because all men require meat that are sound In some it is a usual Symptom of Diseases and therefore in Children and Beasts though they cannot otherwise declare it we take it for a certain sign of sickness if they refuse to eat If they thirst not and refuse all drink Aposta or not drinking it is called Oligoposia or Aposia this is rare for though some sound men drink little and live upon moist meats which is seldom yet is it ordinary that they which desire no meat desire drink and they which Eate desire drink In Diseases though the appetite of meat be dejected yet they are so far from being not thirsty that they are very dry so that they had rather have moist things then other If usually happens that things that are usually eaten Loathing of some Meats and are pleasant to the tast as most nourishments are and sower sweets that are clean and good are disdained of some And this is either by an aversness of nature to some things which abhors them and by which they receive hurt as we have known by many concerning Cheese who though they eate Milke and Butter they disdain Others hate Wine by nature called Abstemious men from Abs which signifyeth without and Temetum which signifyeth Wine Others hate other things This is also usual in Diseases they hate some meats that nourish and not only for being fleshy fat and unctious but for the scent Also sweet things which most love are disdained by them and Wine Others refuse things offered from a distaste supposing their tast to be otherwise as we shewed in Drepraved Tast The Causes In regard the Stomach desires by its natural sense Meat and Drink it is necessary that it should be afflicted in all kinds of defect of Appetite so that it either looseth sense of hunger of thirst wholly or in part or is afflicted with a contrary sense and loathing of all Meats or of some This may be from the lightest afflictions of the Stomach because the Stomach must be well constituted that it may rightly hunger or thirst and therefore this Disease is so frequent both in sound and sick And it is either from its constitution or Repletion or Offense or Distemper or Weakness The Stomach hath originally such a constitution A certain constitution of the Stomack is the cause of loathing of divers Meats or temperature many times from innate causes that it disdaineth some things as Cheese or Wine which other natures abhor not Which temperature we cannot describe but that it delights in some meats and refuseth other as some creatures can digest things that a man cannot as Birds do Stones and Estridges Iron Yet the Apprehension of the Mother being with Child hath been a cause from her dislike and loathing of certain Meats especially if she were troubled with the Pica or longing which made an impression upon the Child And we have seen Children refuse the same as soon as they were born this loathing they bring with them into the world Apprehension is the cause of loathing of some Meats Also we find that the constitution of the Stomach in other causes is so changed by apprehension that it refuseth those meats that it is wont to take because they have been taken either immoderately or indecently or uncleanly Or because in Diseases they have been abhorred as after a Feaver we have known some long abstain from Flesh others never eat any more thereof Custom is another nature and therefore we delight in things we have usually eaten from Infancy Want of Custom is the cause of Loathing and abhor things that are universal though rare and Savory And this is the cause why divers kinds of Creatutes are not used but in extremity and that they who use themselves to eat Frogs and Snails take delight therein which cause Loathsomness to those that never eat them before And why Raw flesh and the like unclean things are nauseous to people that are used to a clean Diet. Repletion of the Stomach which stupifieth the sense thereof takes away appetite which is caused by the Chyle which it maketh and retaineth too long as when it is cleansed from the Chyle it desireth more meat to make new therefore while the old Chyle remaineth it desireth no more meat And this comes from the defect of distribution of the
Oyl of Roses Cold air Cures thirst by cooling the Lungs if it come from them and by correcting the heat of the whol body in regard the Tunicle of the Mouth and of the stomach are all one Baths for the Feet and Hands of cold water and change of Linnen doth the same Also Epithems applied to the Liver and Heart And anoynting of the Throat and Neck with Oyl of Violets Water-lillies Willows Poppies Some anoynt the Head in Feavers with the same because the Nerves of the Head consent with the stomach but I suppose it doth good by provoking sleep Hippocrates saith that sleep slaketh thirst not because it moistneth as some say but because heat is carried outward by sleep as appeareth by sweating which is then most easie to be cause Rest is good because it keeps the body cool And also little talk for much increaseth thirst CHAP. XIV Of Defect of Bleeding The Kinds THe wants of bleeding which is divers waies at set times differ first in respect of the place as they are not or not sufficient either from the womb Fundament or Nostrils or the like A suppression of the Terms is when the monthly Evacuation of women Stoppage of Terms by the womb for forty years in which they are fit to bear Children is wanting and they are neither with Child nor give suck Some women but it is rare never have them and without inconvenience these are Virago'es because they are like men Others have had them but they stopped and never returned Some have wanted them a whol year or some months In whom Laziness presageth Diseases Then follows heart pain want of Appetite and loathing with inclination to Vomite Palpitation of heart and Arteries Head-ach troublsome dreams palness of face and crudity of urin discovereth it And as these are preternatural in Plethory and Cacochymy so are they Natural in Women with Child whose Terms are stopped they vomit in the first month Also suppression of Terms is when they flow too slowly for the constitution in less quantity or shorter time then is meet This causeth inconveniences There is another flux of the womb after Child-bearing that is necessary Want of cleansing after child-bearing and continueth some dayes more abundant then the monthly the blood is called Lochia If these flow not they cause great Diseases Colick and Convulsion There is a flux at the Fundament in both sexes called Haemorrhoids Stoppage of Haemorroids in some Natures either once in a year or at a certain time this is said to be stopped when it hath been and is called suppression of Hemorrhoids Physitians explain this defect chiefly when there are other accidents from the retention of them as Cacochymy Cachexy Quartan Feaver Melancholly and the like The Patient disdaining the Flux Complains not of the want of it but when he is Pained by the swollen Veins which cannot open which are called the blind Hemorrhoids Some have a natural Evacuation at the Nose The want of bleeding at Nose at a set time which are young and Plethorick and bleed at no other part as women that want their terms that are with child or Virgins before they have them And hither may be refer'd the critical evacuations in Diseases If any of these are stopped the Physitian must endeavor to procure them If blood flow another way though somtimes it doth good Defect of bleeding by other parts yet in regard it is not so according to nature it belongs to the defect of Natural bleeding if it stop The Causes The defect of these bleedings is either from the want or foulness of blood or from the stoppage or straitness of the Veins Women fit to conceive must have more blood then is fit to nourish the body to nourish the Child if they do conceive 〈◊〉 to be purged forth at the end of the month if they conceive not If this plenty of blood be wanting or not sufficient there is little or no Flux of the Terms And though this want of blood may come from divers causes yet all do not cause this suppression There are Women but few in which as nature before they are ripe to conceive A manly Constitution is the cause of suppression of Terms breeds no more blood then will nourish the body so she keeps the same course when they are fit to conceive these are barren and without other inconveniences These are called Virago'es from their manlike constitution From want of juyce of which blood should be made Spare Diet causeth the same the Terms flow less rather then cease because nature keeps the the same order when blood doth not abound Yet there may be a defect of Terms from long fasting or use of bad meats so that the body may grow very lean In sharp Diseases the blood being spent by violent heat Blood sent another way causeth want of Terms and Hemorrhoids if it continue long the same may be but being short it rather causeth a Flux then stops and often in a Crisis cureth the Disease And great Fluxes by provoking the expulsive faculty provoke the Terms except they be bloody and then they hinder as the Terms hinder them and bleeding at the Nose So these Fluxes are stopped by deriving of the blood to another part And the cheif cause of suppression of Humorrhoids is when nature retaines or sends it otherwaies Thickness of blood causeth also suppression of Terms and Hemorrhoids when it will not flow being too thick from the juyce of meats eaten or want of serum to carry it And this is the cause that in Cachectickes Thickness of blood causeth suppression of Terms and Hydropicks the Terms are stopt the serum or whey sweats through the Veins and when a Vein is opened the blood is thick and if it stand like red or white Coral Crude and impure blood Crudities and impurity of blood causeth suppression of Terms if it be thick as it will be when it is cold as we have observed with a thick skin at the top or foul will not flow by the Terms for the purest blood is sent to nourish the Child and to breed milk If therefore it be foul or there be obstructious then the Terms are wanting Therefore Cachectickes Leucophlegmaticks or Virgins in the Green-sickness while their blood is bad have not the Terms but when it is putrified have Hence it appears that this natural flux of the Terms is not for to discharge foul blood according to the vulgar error which will rather hinder it if it abound And it is not from the quality of blood that is evil but from the quantity abounding And it is preternatural when it is immoderate or without order And we shall shew that women after they are past the Terms may so bleed And though the impurity of the blood cause the Flux of the Hemorrhoids it is no argument why the Terms should flow from impurity naturally for they differ greatly for though foul blood be usually
the least sweat It happeneth in many imperfected Crises of sharp Diseases The want of sweat which in time of sickness is necessary and in some lingring diseases that no sweat can be procured by Art or Nature which should expel the cause thereof and this is a defect of Sweat requisite in the time of Sickness The Causes As is the Serum or watry humor so is the Sweat and Urin The cause of want of Sweat is when the moisture decaieth or is turn'd another way for it causeth both and when there is little Urin there is little Sweat And when the Serum is not carried to the habit of the body but otherwaies as by much Urin Seege or the like then there is a defect of Sweat Wherefore in Diseases when Nature endeavors evacuation by sweat it is hindered by other passages Moreover it may happen by obstructions that the passage of the Serum may be so hindered that there may be great difficulty in Sweating and Pissing wherefore men in Dropsies piss little and sweat with difficulty though it be necessary for them Also the thickness and sliminess of the serum may hinder both Pissing and Swearing as in phlegmatick persons and in sharp Diseases there is no sweat til the humor is concocted and made thin therefore attenuating medicines do provoke Sweat as we shewed in the defect of Pissing The usual cause of want of Sweating is the not drawing of the Serum to the habit of the body The cause of want of Sweat is because the serum goes not to the habit of the body which is done by external heat which being abrent Nature cannot sweat without great Violence especially if the pores are astringed or stopt by cold external for only closing of the pores cannot hinder sweat except there be external cold The Cure If any want serum or natural moisture it is in vain to provoke them to sweat The Cure of want of Sweat also when it is plentiful and turned another way except it be against natures intention for if nature incline to sweat we must not use other evacuations but hinder them Also in Obstructions and crudities if we intend to evacuate by sweat they must first be opened and the matter prepared But if there be abundance of excrementitious moisture in the Veins and habit of the body we must use this evacuation for the preventing and curing of Diseases and it must be attenuated and concocted from its thickness and crudity and first we must remove external causes which may hinder sweat and then give Sudorificks or medicines to cause sweat such as follow Among Sudorisicks Sudorificks or medicines to cause Sweat some are such as cause sweat by a great quantity of Liquor taken in when there is external heat to further it hence it is that when we drink fasting and warm in bed in any quantity sweat wil follow And this is caused by cold drink as well as by hot for the entrals being suddenly cooled the heat external sooner draws the serum to it And this is soonest done by things that are piercing and sharp and these are called Sudorificks Among which distilled waters by reason of their thinness are the best as for example of hot herbs Cherfoyl and Carduus of cold plants Fumitory and Lemmons Many Decoctions are made for this purpose as of Guajacum Sarsaparilla China and other Woods Roots and Herbs boyld in much water Or Horstail or the lesser Polygonum or the like boyled in Wine This following is commended Take Millium or Pannicum hulled one pugil boyl it in Water to four ounces of the Water strained add two ounces of white Wine for one Draught this is called St. Ambrose his Syrup Or this Take Hysop and Marjoram boyl them in Chicken Broath and ad thereto two drams of the Emulsion of Hemp-seed This is excellent Take Nep and Citron seed each one dram and an half Water of Carduus and Sorrel each one ounce and an half or two ounces make an Emulsion add Syrup of Carduus or of Sorrel six drams of Roses two drams let it be given at bed-time some give the root of Asarabacca two darms in pouder in three ounces of Carduus water which is a good Sudorifick Treacle and other sleeping medicines are given dissolved to provoke Sweat for in a deep sleep Sweat doth easily come forth Also the juyce of Elder or Danewort given with distilled waters or in a Decoction doth the same Or Take Saffron one scruple Ginger half a dram give them in Pouder with Almond Milk Or Take one dram of Brimstone with the Yolk of an Egg. The Chymists give Salts Oyls and Spirits as Spirit of Vitriol with convenient Liquors Their Bezoardine Mineral Diaphoretick Sol and Luna Diaphoretick Antimony the Sulphur of Antimony Spirit of Tartar and the Treacle water of Crollius the secret of Carduus and the like All things that outwardly heat the body so that the blood may be carried thither and the serum with it and open the pores do cause Sweat And they may be greater or less as the humor aboundeth and the Constition requireth as follow As many Cloaths and Coverings Skins and Feathers Hot Air caused by the Sun or Fire which outwardly inflames the body Hot Water either natural or Artificial Oyntments for the Back and great Veins which gently heat with Oyl of Lillies Pellitory and the like Also Violent motion And the passions of the mind which inslame the spirits and humors as Anger Joy or such as shake the spirits produce Sweat as Terror Fear CHAP. XVI Of want of Milk The Kinds ALthough the natural excretion of Milk or giving Suck which ought to be from the Birth to the moderate growth of the Child is not so necessary that the defect thereof should prejudice the Woman for we see many Women which for preserving of their Breasts near give no suck and receive 〈◊〉 hurt thereby except it be through plethory or foulness or Inflammation of their Breasts for want of giving suck yet because it is an inconveniency to the Mother or Nurse and also to the Child which must be nourished with Milk it is called a Defect And it is divers Sucking hindred either when the sucking is hindred or cannot be or when there is want of Milk wholly Want of Milk or in part and this is called the want of Milk The Causes This Defect comes from want of Blood in the Veins of the Breasts Want of blood Foulness or thickness of blood is the cause of want of Milk which is the matter of which Milk is made And this comes from divers Causes as we shewed in the want of Courses chiefly in Women with Child who through squemishness eat little or that which is not nourishing from the Disease called Pica Or when they have too many of their courses after Child-bearing or when they flow in time of giving suck which they ought not to do especially violently and beyond their strength Or
when they have immoderate bleeding other waies Or when they have in time of giving suck an acute disease which makes them lean Also when the foulness of the Blood is such that it is brought to the Breasts for Milk is made of the purest blood which was the Childs food in the womb Also thickness of the blood as it is the cause of stopping the Courses hinders increase of the milk wholly or in part because it cannot get into the Veins of the Breasts Milk also is wanting when the Veins of the Breasts are stopped by some hard Tumor or otherwise Stoppage of the veins of the Breasts nipples without passage or absent or hurt cause the want of giving suck Or when there is no passage in the Nipples Or when Nipples are wanting which comes from scratching when young Women have itching Breasts being marriageable this causeth Ulcers which either stop the passage or leave a Callus or hardness which doth it Also the clifts and pains which Women have from their strong-mouth'd Children when they suck may hinder giving suck while they cease The Cure If it comes from want of blood shee must be high fed The Cure of want of Milk if from evil humors purged if from thickness of blood it must be attenuated or made thin if from hurt of Breasts or Nipples they must be cured as we shewed elsewhere For this we must use things that by a propriety cause Milk Medicines to cause or increase Milk or make the blood so thin by heat that it wil pass into the Breasts Milk Eggs Udders of beasts and brains are good not only for their nourishment but for the property in them to increase milk Also such Fruits as have a milky juyce as Almonds Pine-Nuts and the like eaten or drunk in Emulsions The Germans use a Broath of Eggs Wine Butter and Sugar Also Rise-milk Broath of Coleworts Mallows Rocket Dill Fennel Parsley is good and though Lettice is said to increase milk we cannot believe it because it extinguisheth seed Onions boyled or roasted are also good And the root of purple-flowr'd Goats-beard boyld in Broath As Barly and Pease broath The best Wine nourisheth and warmeth and is good for Nurses These Decoctions also Take Barley one pugil Fennel and Parsley each one handful boyl them and add Sugar Or thus Take Eryngus roots half an ounce Mallows Polygala Fennel Parsley Dill Rocket Basil Mints each one handful Barley Pease each a pugil Line-seed two drams boyl them drink it with Sugar every morning Of juyces thus Take juyce of Sowthistle and of Goats-beard each half an ounce give it with white Wine and Sugar The Decoction of Earth-worms in Flesh broath with Fennel and Barley is good but let not the Nurse know what she taketh Dry things are less profitable yet some seeds are commended whose herbs are better As Take Annise seed two drams Fennel seed one dram Rocket and Nigella seed each half a dram make a Pouder give two drams with any fit Decoction Or Take Pouder of Earthworms three ounces Sugar half an ounce Annise seed one dram Ginger and Cinnamon each half a dram make a Pouder give a spoonful with some Decoction Or Take Crystal in fine pouder me dram or Coral That which comes from the Alpes called Lac lunae given one dram is accounted good Divers things are applied to the Breasts for the drawing of Milk unto them As hot Fomentations which enlarge the Veins And bruised Mints Or make this Plaster Take Parsley Fennel and green Mints each one handful boyl and stamp them add Barley meal one pugil Storax two drams Nigella seed one dram Oyl of Lillies two ounces make a Cataplasm Some use Sinapisms and Dropaxes made of Mustard or stinking Gums to attract Milk but they are too violent and inflame Friction of the Breast is better And Cupping-Glasses to the Arm-holes upon the great Veins which bring the milk to the Breasts and look blew are good Also to let them be often sucked or milked Also if Nipples be wanting there may be an Instrument made of hollow Glass for the Child to suck CHAP. XVII Of the Defect or Want of Copulation The Kinds THere is a Defect of the Venereal act when the Male and Female cannot perform or weakly joyn together Men are more deficient than Women for the man doth more in that act than the Woman And they are called Impotent which cannot ingender at all for want of erection Impotent men Weak men and such as do it faintly with small extension are called weak men and when they spend no seed in the act whether done strongly or faintly Imperfect Veuery they are called Imperfect men Nor is it a Defect when it is done but seldome because that may be surest And the more moderate the better In Women this defect is rare through fault of the Member which will alwaies receive while it is sound neither doth it wont to recruit as mans doth nor are they confin'd to a certain time of lust as Bitches Venery hindered and imperfect women Yet somtimes there is a defect in the Womb apparent or close so that they cannot or at least with difficulty they endure a Man and will not retain him long And so Venery is hindered as it is imperfect when there is none or smal pleasure in the act especially if they have not been tired but alwaies dislike as I have known three women who advised with me that for many years never perceived any more pleasure then by an external touch Venery extinct in women and this is called Venery extinct The Causes We must search out the cause in both sexes of this defect whether the members be unsit for the act or seed cannot be spent or whether the seminal Vessels which contain the Seed and conveigh it be disordered This act is defective from the want of a Yard somtimes The cause of weakness or impotency in man is the evil shape hurt or numness of the Yard as some are born Eunuchs others have lost it by accident or by force somtimes by loss of a part as a stone by gelding somtimes by smalness of the Yard as Hermophrodites which resemble women and have but a very smal Yard somtimes by largness or thickness so that the Womb cannot receive it without torment somtimes by crookedness or windy swelling like a pudding as in Hydropical Persons or by an excrescence hurt or Ulcer especially in the Glans or Prepuce by which means it cannot endure any force by unclean Copulation or violent acting or when the Prepuce or Foreskin is so straight that it will not come from the Glans for these causes either the action is not performed or difficultly and imperfectly And it is caused also by a cold distemper which hinders the flowing of blood to the part which is requisite as I shall shew for the distension or stretching of it And when it is stupified and insensible from hurt of the Nerves
Want of Conception The Kinds WHen a Woman is of Age to Conceive and hath her Courses naturally Barrenness and hath the use of a Man and conceiveth not it is called Sterility or Barrenness And if she have conceived and brought forth and after brings not forth which is usual in the space of three or four years it is a defect of Generation which is necessary for the propagation of mankind Of those which are thus barren some are sound of a good habit of Body and are often fatter then those which have born Children and look not quickly so old But oftentimes there are defects of the Womb joyned with this defect Viragoes or manlike Women either they never had their Courses and therefore called Viragines and because they also engender not Or their Courses which they had either flow not or little and disorderly with difficulty and discolored This often hapneth to such as have the whites a Disease usual with barren Women And they have other inconveniences which either cause barrenness or come from thence As when some bring forth only Females which may hinder the Progeny of the Name The Causes The Cause why a Woman conceiveth not when there is no defect perceived in the Venerial act is either because she receives not the Seed into the Womb or retains it not being received And this happneth from the Seed or Genitals of the Man or Woman This comes from the occasion of mans Seed The Cause of Barrenness from the Man is little Seed or Crudity when it is not sufficient in quantity or fit for Generation and though a Woman receives it either there is no Procreation or it s in vain as a Mole whereof we shall speak for if there be not so much as will fill the Cavity of the Womb which therefore was made little a Child cannot be conceived And this is the cause that if the Seed be not enough for Generation but often by too much Venery or running of the Reins abated that such Generate not as they who use it seldom and either for Procreation or health sake are very temperate Hence it is that old men marrying young maids get Children as my Father after fourscore in regard they are less hot and eager then young men and go to it but seldom Also if the Seed be not concocted but crude thin and waterish or too cold and with spirits or the like which takes away the vertue it cannot beget Children This comes from weakness of the Vessels or mixture of evil humors and from the causes mentioned in Impotency and Lechery somtimes there is a secret fault in the Seed which doth not hinder Procreation which passeth to the Children and shews it self then and conveighs the like to the Grandchild when it is of the age the Father was when his disease first appeared Hence it is that the Gout Leprosie and the like are propagated It is probable that this defect is in the seed of the Man when he begets no Males but Females The seed of a Man and Woman is the cause why Males or Females are begotten because it is weaker than the Womans which beareth away the Bell for the sex It is better to impute the secret causes to the seed than to the temper or the change of the sex or to the seeds coming from this or that Stone for a Man with one Stone of what temper soever may beget Children of both sexes It is necessary for Generation that the Womans seed should be mixed with the mans When Barrenness is from the Woman it comes from Crudity impurity or want of seed for the Generation of a Faemale as may be seen by the likeness of the Mother in both now if the seed be defective or be in less quantity than is fit Barrenness is by the womans cause and oftener than by the man for a Woman without seed may suffer Copulation but a man without is unfit for it and this is the cause why Whores which spend their seed for gain so that they are sapless cannot conceive though they receive And if if it be impure crude or the like not only Harlots but other Women are impotent and diseased But if the temper of the Womans seed be the same with the Mans they say there can be no generation from the equality but diversity But we affirming the seed to be hot do not place the generative vertue in it but in the seemly temper of them both It seldom happens that a man is in fault by reason of the Yard so it can but act for though it be not so long as others it hindreth not but the seed may be sent into the Womb if there be no other obstacle for the womb being then hot and greedy after seed easily condescends and takes it in But if the hole in the head of the Yard which sends forth seed and Urin The opening of the Yard being wrong is cause of defect in Conception be not in the middle so that it may directly aim at the inward Orifice of the womb but in the side or beneath as I have known in some who have been born so or if there be a Fistula beneath so that it is not sent to the mouth of ths womb it is nothing worth If Barreness come from the Womb it is seldom caused by the neck thereof but by accident as it hinders Copulation as I said But this may be often caused from the Orifice of the bottom of the womb or the substance thereof The inward Orifice of the womb The largeness loosness closeness of the orifice internal of the womb is the cause of Barrenness or that clift which is close and narrow and openeth at the time of Conception drawing the seed unto it if it be too large though then it easily receive the seed yet because it reteineth not it long enough it is the cause of barrenness This comes from an evil birth when the child hath been violently taken away by reason of the bigness or ill posture when it is so stretched that it cannot return as in other cases to its former proportion And this is the cause why many times Women after difficult Travail never conceive again some Women also are unfit for Conception by reason of the loosness of the Orifice by moist excrement either in the Womb or the neck thereof by reason of the Whites And when the Orificeis shut up so that it cannot be opened there canbe no Conception because the seed cannot be admitted this may be naturally or by a scar or excrescence of flesh after the parts have been ulcerated or torn in hard Travail by which means the outward Orifice though larger hath been closed as I shewed before It is seldom stopt from other causes What they say of Fat in the neck or bottom of the womb we have shewed cannot cause barrenness but the cause is the not opening of the womb in conception for at other times it is
corrupted but from the place in which the humors putrifie and the diversity of the blood so corrupted There are distinct Feavers in respect of the place wherein the humor corrupteth first in the respect of the veins and arteries The corrupt Blood that causeth putrid Feavers is constantly in the branches of the hollow Vein and in the greatest of them in which more may be contained and from which the Heart may be sooner reached which cannot be done in the least branches Therefore in the trunk of the hollow Vein which passeth upwards and downwards from the Heart by the Back-bone or in the great branches that come from it into Throat and Groyns this corruption of blood being contained and alwaies disturbing the heart it causeth divers putrid feavers as the filth is nearer or further the Heart Any corruption near the Heart which sends it self Corruption of blood in the hollow Vein near the Heart is the cause of putrid Synoch causon Leipyria or vapors to it maketh a Synoch feaver which increaseth or decreaseth or stands at a stay according to the corruption And in a causon or bruning feaver because its heat is near the Heart there is no manifest change because the heat is equal especially when the heat is at the height and cannot be raised but by death Yet the Patient may find about the Breast Midriff Back where the corruption lodgeth a burning which troubleth the Heart and parts adjacent And this is the cause why in a Leipyria which is a sort of causon that the inward parts do burn When the corruption is in the branches of the hollow Vein distant from the Heart Blood corrupted in the hollow Vein remote from the heart is the cause of a Synoch exasperated because it causeth not so much heating it begets Feavers with fits which have different heat For when the Vapors whose matter is forced of are hindered by the long passages and cannot come in order and the same measure to the Heart it comes to pass when it is increased it comes with more violence and encreaseth both the heat and fits without horror as at the first because the feaver was before These fits go away when the Vapors are discussed but not the feaver for heat once kindled although the cause abate cannot thereby be extinguished as we shewed concerning simple heat from an external cause which cause being removed the Feaver ceaseth not till the Heart return to its former temper And this is the true cause of fits which come somtimes twice in a day when the stinking vapor is much and not far off and the other day once because the day before some part was discussed and keep or change their course in respect of the cause which acteth Also when the cause is far of or is less the fits come every third day at first and so continue for a time seldom the fourth or every other day For which causes these putrid continual Feavers are called ordinate or inordinate quotidians Tertians or quarrans But in those whose cause lurketh in the Veins remote from the Heart there is a heaviness or pain or burning in the part where the matter lodgeth in the Neck Loynes or Joynts There is alwaies a pain of the heart also not that the matter lodgeth there but from the hot Vapors Also in all these putrid Feavers whether the matter be near or far from the Heart A Portion of putrid blood which causeth a putrid Feaver sent from the hollow Vein into other parts causeth continual Feavers accompanied with other Diseases a part of it may be forced by nature out of the Veins as in pure Feavers by which she is disburdned into some internal or external parts producing Tumors Pustles or Spots which are not signes of Inflamation but Putrefaction As in Children the smal Pox and Meazles break forth as Fernelius saith plentifully in a Feaver like a putrid Synoch but they are not infections but in Malignant Feavers It is a question whether blood can thus corrupt in the Arteries to cause Feavers Corruption of blood in the great Artery causeth a burning Feaver For it being hot and spritful may easily burne and conveigh a a simple pure Feaver to the Heart but it can scarse alone or seperated from the blood of the hollow Vein which is very pure be corrupted though with it it may or be infected by neighboring humors especially because vapors that come from putrid blood are carried that way to the Heart both in putrid and intermitting Feavers But if corruption should be in the Arteries from the causes aforesaid the feaver will be most violent as in a causon when corruption is in the trunk of the great Artery near the Heart These feavers also differ in respect of the blood in respect of its temper or distemper before it caused them Temperate blood which offendeth only in quantity and which is not naturally inclined to putrefaction if it corrupt Corruption of temperate blood in the Vessels is the cause of a putrid Synoch causeth a putrid Synoch which is either made so from a Simple Synoch wherein the blood was first inflamed and then corrupted or from the external causes at the first Therefore some call the beginning of them putrid Ephemera which come from outward Causes But we because this putrid heat ends not in one or somtimes many dayes as a simple doth cannot call the ephemeral but putrid Synochus because in them the heat is milder then in other continual putrid Feavers and more equal from the temper of the blood having no fits from the equality of the blood and because being near the heart in the great vessels it is first afflicted with the external causes and so the heart beats with an even Pulse As we shewed If the blood be distempered Corruption of hot blood in the Vessels causeth a burning Feaver before it corrupt it must be hotter then ordinary for if it be too cold or crude it rather causeth Cachexy or ill habit of Body then Feavers And if it be so Corruption of hot blood in the hollow Veins and Arteries near the Heart causeth a melting Feaver before the feaver come whether it be too thin or too thick or corrupted it causeth Inflamation and the more when it is in the Arteries or any place near the Heart hence come burning feavers continuing in the same state so violently burning that except they kill the substance of the Heart is melted away therewith and dryed so that the whol body consumeth as we shewed in a melting feaver Praeternatural Heat or fault in the blood is the antecedent Cause of Corruption of it in the Veins If the blood beinflamed with heat we shewed that it caused diary feavers within a sanguine and full Body as we shewed in a simple Synoch except the heat abate of it self or by cooling medicines cause a suppuration either in the blood or in the parts So that the mass of blood being corrupted by long
comes only from malignity or corruption with malignity Corruption with a malignant quality A malignant putrid heat causeth putrid malignant Fevers not only offending the Heart by it self as we shewed in putrid Fevers but with malignity causeth malignant and contagious but not pestilential Fevers these are in Infants in the Meazles and smal Pox seldom in men but in them it causeth common Epidemical Fevers without Bubo or Carbuncle or great symptoms but Head-ach and doting which destroy We shal shew how this corruption gets malignity and in what place and what is the cause thereof The place in which this corruption is bred is the same in which simple corruption is bred in the vessels of the hollow Vein or in the Meseraicks or without them and it is as I shewed in the same humors and bodies If blood corrupt in the great vessels of the hollow Veiu Corruption of blood in the vessels that go to the Heart causeth putrid malignant continual Fevers and of divers sorts from the same causes as other putrid Fevers are divers and hath a venemous quality which is communicated to the heart by the vessels as we shewed in putrid Fevers disturbing it with stinking and malignant heat it causeth continual Fevers dangerous for two qualities In which if Nature send any of that malignant blood into the pores of the Skin or the Membranes it causeth Spots and Pimples smal Pox and Measles aforesaid but if not nothing breaks forth but some small spots which declare the secret venom and Death But then these Fevers differ in respect of the corruption and malignity which meet together The fevers that come from putrefaction of blood are like putrid Synochs and other continual Fevers and as the blood corrupted was temperate or distempered or is neer the Heart or farther off the symptoms are better or worse and the whol course of the Disease varieth Hence some of these are like Synochs and have no strong Fits as in Children of the small Pox when Nature sends the filth forth the Fever is milder In malignant Fevers in men if the Corruption be not great and apear not in Urin or Blood there is great heat and accidents following And if the Corruption increase in an intemperate body neer the Heart or other princcipal part then it begins with Horror and Heat as other continual Fevers and somtimes it is like a Causon or burning Fever in the symptomes From a malign quality joyned with Corruption if it prevail and weaken the Heart in regard Nature being hindered cannot valiantly and in order encounter the Disease it happens these fevers whether less or greater or more hot keep not a certain motion nor time by which they are to be known Yet somtimes they end with a Crisis Those like Synochs putrid end not so but by filth sent forth as in the small Pox. Choler in the Meseraicks if it be malignant as wel as putrid it produceth intermitting malignant Fevers if it be green blew or black and venemous Nature offended therewith presently labors to expel it by fluxes or Vomits and a malignant intermiting Fever is seldom seen but if it come by the long reteining of that malignity those Stools or Vomitings are deadly When humors corrupt out of the Vessels in regard they can scarce produce simple Fevers If malignity happen it begets not putrid malignant Fevers but swounings Convulsions and other accidents and if there be venom which of it self causeth Fevers without putrefaction then it begets such Fevers which may come only from malignity of which hereafter The cause of this malignant quality in the blood joyned to Corruption from whence these putrid malignant Fevers arise is either from things about us or things taken in and retained Air or other bodies about us if they be not only unclean but malignant and we receive the malignity by breath or touching to infect the blood then it produceth these Fevers especially when the blood was foul before When it comes from things about us it comes from great changes or exhalations Change of Seasons or inordinate great and sudden tempests foreshewed by Meteors going afore or then appearing or demonstrated rather than caused cause these faults in the Air which produce these malignant epidemical Fevers like the Plague Among these is a wet spring with much Southerly Wind. Exhalations stinking and venemous coming from the Earth Ditches or Pools and the excrements of living Creatures formerly infected as sweat breath bodies pollute the Air to infect the body and cause these Fevers most common to them that live in the place from whence the seed of the infection sprang Corrupt Diet which not only fouls the blood but is malignant if it offend the blood caused by it both waies makes not only simple but malignant Fevers such as they have who have been in a Famine as the Greek Proverb is After a Famine comes a Plague Corrupt blood long retained in the body as when it is sent out of the Veins into some part and turns venemous causeth such symptoms as they have who are stung with venemous Beasts Also Blood corrupted in the Veins and growing old where it cannot produce a Fever and malignant causeth not only putrid Fevers but malignant and spotted Fevers these are in some men of impure constitutions when there is no epidemical Fever that have been il disposed a long time before This malignity is known by the sudden failing of strength spots and other signs of secret poyson Al so Infants though Nature presently casts forth the venom have such Fevers from the same cause by which they cast off the filth of blood they brought with them and after they renew their bodies by Scabs and Itch and other natural purgations This came not only from the Mothers Courses as they suppose because the Child is not nourished in the Womb with impure but good blood and the excrements gathered to the time of bringing forth after the Child is born are sent forth by stool not only red and green but black But there may be new corruption and venom from change of Diet. A malignant quality alone and without corruption may cause a Fever pestilential and venemous A malignant heat is the only cause of malignant Fevers This quality is seldom seen in the body but a Corruption went afore it to which it is joyned such as hath power to strike the Heatt as soon as it is taken and to infect it and the whol body spirits humors and parts getting Fevers like Ephemâ—â—a's or Synochs with great weakness alone or joyned with other Dâ—eases But these Fevers differ in respect of the Poyson taken in For there are divers sorts of Poysons which strike at divers parts of the body and afflict the Heart and some inflame it and cause Fevers and indeed we cannot declare what this propriety is but we know by the effect that it doth so We shal therefore make two kinds of poysons which cause Fevers from the diversity of
Disease is moistening and cooling because they are hot and dry But because the heat is not alwaies the same in every kind of Fever and the causes divers the Cure must be divers The chief kinds are solitary or alone Fevers without another Disease and these are simple or compound or accompanied with another Disease The Cure differs according to the Cause of these three kinds of Fevers They are simple solitary Fevers which are of one kind under which are divers sorts in respect of the divers Causes for which the Cure is different When they come from a simple or single heat they are pure and single called Ephemeral and Synochs when from a putrid heat they are Putrid Continual and Intermitting When from a malignant heat they are Putrid Malignant Pestilential and Venemous When from a fixed heat they are Hecticks To these eight kinds we shal prescribe particular Cures An Ephemeral Fever Pure Single or Alone The Cure of an Ephemeral Fever ends of it self many times the first day before twenty four hours pass and brings no danger If it continue longer by some error or greatness of the Cause it turns to a Synoch seldom to a Hectick To prevent which they must be thus ordered by Altering and Evacuating means For the Evacuation of the matter which is thin and and sooty and dissolves and breaks forth by heat increased by the pores insensibly or Sweat we shal help Nature those waies for shee wil of her self do it if shee be not hindred By keeping the body warm lest the Vapor be struk in By giving no meat before the Fever decline lest we hinder Natures motion or very little and that when the body is weak By giving to drink sometimes such things as help transpiration or sweat as we shal shew in the Synoch accompanied If the Belly be loose there is less danger of its turning into a Synoch this is better done by Clysters and Suppositories than by other means If the Fever come from a Surfet or Wine especially a Vomit wil not be amiss Altering things in regard the heat is small are not many If the Air be too hot in the Chamber it must not be too much cooled but qualified lest we increase the Fever by sudden sending the heat to the Heart or by stopping transpiration or sweating And we refresh them with moderate drinking if they thirst by which they wil sweat better A simple pure Synoch if it be alone The Cure of a Synoch not putrid although the heat be great if it be wel ordered departs the third or fourth day at the farthest without hurt either by transpiration or Sweat If not it turns to a Putrid or a Hectick But usually when some blood gets out of the Veins it produceth Erysipelas Bubo or inward Inflammations as we shal shew in treating of Synoch accompanied To prevent these betimes while the the Fever is solitary especially lest Inflammations should arise which are very dangerous we study speedily to quench the blood and keep it from going out of the Veins and discuss whatsoever is turned into Vapors and to correct the greatest accidents By the things following observing the constitution whether it be sanguine or cholerick Blood-letting is the first thing to cool that Inflammation and to draw it from falling into noble parts and causing dangerous Inflammations Fontanonus therefore saith it must be done quickly and by so saying he affirms my Opinion that these Inflammations go not before but follow a Synoch Therefore in plethorick persons it must be done speedily if it were omitted the first day expecting an Ephemera the next because the Fever remaining concludes it to be a Synoch And a general Vein opened and a great quantity taken away even to swounding in strong plethorick persons as Galen saith Or which is safest it must be done often In cholerick and yong persons it must be used sparingly if there be danger of Inflammation I fear not to open a Vein in a Child of ten yeers old Purging is to no purpose because it takes away none of the Cause and only inflames the body But before blood-letting it is good to loose the Belly By a Clyster is the quickest way and it also cooleth Thus Take of the four emollient Herbs each one handful Lettice half a handful Barly a pugil boyl them add Cassia one ounce or juyce of Beets and Lettice each half an ounce Honey Butter each an ounce with a little Salt make a Clyster And this may be given again after bleeding if the body be bound Or give two ounces of Syrup of Violets or Roses with water or simple Diaprunes or other gentle Electuaries by which the Cacochymie or evil juyce is diminished If Nature be accustomed to it and tend that way a Vomit may be allowed especially if the Fever come from a Surfet of Wine or Eating or the like And if Choler be hot and troublesome in the Stomach it will help much We give also things to quench the heat of the blood or allay it and to thicken it that it may not get out of the Veins easily these are actually or potentially cold and such as keep away putrefaction which blood inflamed is easily turn'd into to prevent a Putrid Synoch They are sharp or four things which do both cool and hinder Putrefaction and are excellent when Choler is much inflamed Also they take away the bitterness of the Mouth and Thirst These are in divers formes Drinking of cold water is good to allay the heat of Blood This done in abundance to satiety and blood-letting till they faint was accounted sufficient for the Cure But custom and constitution must regulate the quantity of these Crude or boyled Water with Barley a little Vinegar or Juyce of Pomegranates Lemmons or the like to sharpen it is good to be given instead of Drink Also distilled Waters of Purslane and Sorrel with the Decoction of Barley or the Decoction of Lentiles which is best when an Erysipelas appears to send the matter forth Also Juleps of Syrup of Currants Pomegranats Lemmons Sorrel Citrons or Jujubes are good mixed with Waters to thicken the blood as those usual of Roses Violets Maidenhair If the Belly be bound Thus. Take Syrup or Julep of Violets the one is made of the Juyce the other of the Water of Violets each one ounce and an half Syrup of Ribes or Currans one ounce Barley water six ounces Bugloss and Sorrel water each two ounces make a Julep with a little Cinnamon or Galangal to sweeten it If the Belly be too loose Take the Alexandrine Julep or Julep of Roses which by reason of the Rose water astringeth the Syrup loosen two ounces the Decoction of Barley four ounces drink often You may give a spoonful or two of the syrups aforesaid Put Oyl of Vitriol some drops in Water to make it sharp for a Julep And the Chymists commend in these fevers the Spirit of Niter and the Salt called Lapis Prunella or Crystal Mineral
sweet Balsom Take distilled Oyl of Cloves and seeds or roots of Angelica five drops with white Wax and a little Mosch Anoynt Or with this Take juyce of Cardiaca and Balm each two drams dissolved Camphyre in Aqua vitae half a dram Saffron a scruple with Honey make a Liniment for the Pulses Not only Empericks but some learned men commend highly some poysons to be applied to the Heart to defend it from the Plague Mathiolus highly extols Oyl of Scorpions thus easily made Take two drams of right Oyl of Scorpions with Treacle a dram apply them to the Pulses with a clout Some add Rhubarb as the Oyl of Scorpions of Clemens Some commend this of Arsnic Take white and red Arsnic each equal parts make a Pouder add the white of an Egg or Mucilage of Traganth to make a hard Cake which must be carried about the Heart in a double Scarff Somtimes Arsnic is mixed with cordial Pouders thus Take fragments of precious stones coral Pearl and Hearts-horn each a dram Orris half an ounce Saffron a scruple white Arsnic an ounce Orpiment half an ounce make a Pouder for a Bag with a little Ambergreece Some do mix with good success two ounces of the Pouder of a Toad If the Liver be anoynted with Oyntments that cool and strengthen some think the body is safer from the plague Some hold it for a great secret to anoynt the Emunctuaries as the Arm-holes and Groins with Benzoin Storax Labdanum and Litharge Also to keep open old Ulcers is good in time of plague to preserve And an Issue in the Arm or Legg In the year 1564. a Monke at Leyden in time of the plague had a hole in his Cod with an Hellebore root kept open by which he preserved himself and perswaded others to use the same for safety Amulers are highly esteemed a Nut-shel filled with Quick-silver stopped and â—anged about the Neck This is commended by Marsilius Ficinus by many examples and by others some say it must touch the region of the Heart They think Saphires Smarradgs Hyacinths Unicorns horn and Ivory about the Neck do the same Also Five-leav'd grass and Dittany roots and Bettony with the roots held in the hand The Cure of a pestilential fever is divers according to the humor they suppose it comes from which they evacuate But we say it came from a pestiferous quality infecting the body and therefore aim at the opposing and altering that considering the age of the Person First we give a prognostick because all Plagues are dangerous and more die than live In which there is no hope and the Physitian labors in vain except in the space of twenty four hours Nature throws all or most part of the poyson from the Heart Spots are deadly when they appear because they are not critical Buboes and Carbuncles appearing give hopes of recovery Sudden loss of strength especially Swounding and outward cold are evil signs If a woman with child having the Plague miscarry as shee commonly doth shee dieth usually The Cure is by Nature and the Physitians help for many do recover Therefore we strike at the Disease keep up strength and correct symptomes We said the Disease was a venemous quality fixed in the Heart and so upon the whol body in the similar parts with a preternatural heat and fever Therefore we first labor to take away this quality from the Heart and the humors which increase the same And to alter the venemous force thereof and abate the heat Things that evacuate this poyson and put it from the heart and expel the humors that increase the fever must be used in this order and manner Blood-letting was the first and usual means And many perswaded themselves that much poyson was taken from the the heart thereby But it is a general rule that it must not be til ripe age And in women with Child not so much as in the Foot for fear of miscarrying for others I cannot perceive how bleeding can take the Venom from the heart or body when it is not conteined in the blood but it rather is a cause of drawing the Plague more inwardly the Veins being emptied Besides the motion of nature is hindered thereby which at first labors by Sweat and Pustles and swellings to expel it And the strength which should be kept to encounter with the Disease is lost Neither doth it bring so much good as hurt for taking away the cause or cooling the heat which is not very great in the Plague for the reasons aforesaid Therefore they are all to be blamed that observe not these circumstances but let blood rashly except in Children though Nature be laboring to sweat it forth or cast out Botches and though they see many die after bleeding they wil go on their road of bleeding presently and plentifully But we are to bleed only when the Plague is in a plethorick or cachectick body which causeth not a simple fever by plenty of blood but a putrid Synoch and then the heat and symptoms wil be abated And then it must be sparingly done to preserve strength and not at all except the repletion mentioned require it if there be weakness For we have often found by experience that more people in yeers have scaped that were not blooded than that were Some approve no bleeding but such as is til the Patient fainteth and brag of many that have been cured thereby We think it safer to omit it than rashly to use it and if it doth good it is more for the fever than the venemous quality which is not in the blood but comes to the heart from without and so cannot be expel'd by bleeding The time if it must be is at first within twenty four hours or not at all And if sweat appear as usualy it doth it must be defer'd til it be past and it must not be stop'd either by bleeding or nakedness which is required when the Vein is opened But when sweat is past and the Patient is refreshed with meat or medicine it may be done if need require or before sweat if it appear not nor must we stay to loosen the body first as at other times before bleeding for there is no dallying If pain be take blood from the side if not take the common Vein Open the Saphena or Vein in the Foot if there be a swelling in the groyn If it be above open the Arm or Hand-vein on that side If under the Arm-holes open the Basilick vein if under the Ears the Head vein if in the Face under the Tongue Some clap on Cupping-glasses to the Carbuncles before bleeding that the venom sent thither may stay there and be drawn inward by bleeding by which way we have known bleeding do much hurt And I have observed that Empericks have with very ill success raised blisters with Vesicatories upon the Botches at first appearance Some do draw the venom out at the orifice after bleeding apply Scordium or Jack of the hedg which is of
Epithem An Oyntment for the the Heart and Pulses or to be applied twice a day with Scarlet Take Treacle half an ounce juyce of Limons half an ounce Rose-vinegar two drams Camphire a scruple Saffron half a scruple Musk three grains Or use Vinegar in which Angelica Roots are steeped Or this Emplaster Take red Roses poudered boyl them well in Rose-water with Vinegar juyce of Apples Citron peels Sanders make a Plaster for the Pulses Mathiolus anoynts the Pulses with Oyl of Scorpions And the Balsom mentioned among the Antidotes is as good Or the Bag there mentioned Use to cool the Liver cold and strengthening means as in the cure of putrid Fevers and to the Reins Rose-vinegar to the Head if it be hot And to the stomach strengthening Oyntments if it be weak And because the Stones have great consent with the principal parts apply this to moderate the heat Take Rose Water four ounces Rose Vinegar half an ounce Sack an ounce juyce of Pomegranates half an ounce wet cloaths therein and apply them It is good to change the Air and place and remove the Patient from others that are infected and change his shirts sheets bed Pillows and sprinkle the chamber with Rose Vinegar Lavender Rose and Citron water and in summer to strew Herbs and Fruit and to perfume as we shewed in the Antidotes To keep strength use this Diet. Contrary to all other acute continual Fevers Let meat be given ofen but little at a time and they must be compel'd to eat if they refuse Let it be of good nourishment that a little may serve As Broath or Chickens Kid wood Fowl Partridg Veal and these make divers dishes and Gellies avoid Eggs which easily corrupt and fat things and give fruits and things allowed in putrid Fevers and let this meat be eaten with Vinegar or shap Juyces Let the Drink be Juleps mentioned or Capon Ale or Broath or of Veal and Calves feet Wine temperately taken is allowed This is a pleasant Water Take the flesh of the Loyn of Veal half a pound and a Calfs foot wel clensed add Sugar two ounces boyl them in Water add a dram of gross Cinnamon and strain it Let them not sleep while they sweat some keep them from it twenty four hours after the Botch appears But in regard sleep refresheth and carrieth the heat outward rather than inward as I shewed it must not be hindered Let him rejoyce and be in good hope either of Cure or eternal happiness The Botch and Carbuncle are the chief symptoms their cure shal be shewed hereafter and how the Venom shal be dawn out The first thing is to hold up the strength as we shewed And if swouning or Heart-beating come give Cordials and apply them outwardly If swouning be from the stomach anoynt and comfort that and give a little Wine or a sop in juyce of Pomegranates-Grapes and Wine put the Hands and Feet in warm water and rub the Face and other parts Take away Doting and Watching with a puppy applyed or with Opiates or washing externally If sleep be much use Vinegar of Roses Asswage thirst with this Julep Take water newly distilled of Sorrel and Bread each six ounces Rose and Scabious water each four ounces Vervain and Bugloss water each two ounces with Sugar make a Julep Or with this Take conserve of Sorrel and Roses each an ounce Rob de Ribes an ounce and an half Diamargariton frigid a dram with Sugar of Roses make a Candy If a Diarhaea come it is dangerous then give a Clyster of Barley water and Sugar And Take Tormentil roots half a dram or Bole with red Wine and anoynt the Belly with astringents Women with Child do often miscarry when they are infected this is deadly and to be much regarded The other Symptoms as of the Tongue and Jaws are cured as in putrid Feavers The Fevers that come from the biting of venemous beasts The Cure of venemous Feavers inflaming the Heart kil in a few hours or in the first day except prevented The Cure is by drawing the Poyson forth at the Wound and by an Antidote as we shewed in Poysons If the Feaver be great use Cordials inwardly and outwardly as I shewed to chear the spirits A simple Hectick whether it follow continual Diary The Cure of a Hectick fever or putrid burning or intermiting Fevers not that which is melting and a Symptom of a burning Fever or free from that Fever which caused it is to be Cured according as it is either in the beginning or increase or setlement In Children and Infants because their Heart is easily altered in temper it may be sooner Cured if not confirmed but it is difficult in Men and Women And in old people uncurable The cause of this disease is the temperament of the Heart and the whol Body made hotter and dryer not nourished by a Humor or Excrement when the Body is freed from the Fever that caused it Therefore purges are needless except the Excrements and Crudities increase by long continuance of the Disease and then gentle Clysters or Laxatives may be given But we must chang the temper of the Body And hold up the strength that decaies And amend the accidents if any be At the first we must alter the dryness with moistners of the Heart and Limbs and gentle coolers because the heat is not violent and may be allay'd by temperate and moderate coolers Some give Narcoticks or Medicines to cause sleep to cool the Body but we say they are not cold and rather inflame the Body as I shewed and therefore give them not but when sleep is wanting In the progress when the Consumption is begun we refresh with nourishers that are moist for they will disperse themselves sooner through the Body This is done by internal and external means We give them a moistning Diet that refresheth boyl'd things moisten most and roasted increase the radical moisture more Veal Kid and Porke brains of Hogs and Calves are commended Also the stones of beasts that are not very Lecherous as of Sheep Calves and young Kids And Hens flesh Capons or Pullets fed with Barley or crammed with Dow made up into pills with Cray-fish Frogs flesh and Wheat flower or Barley flower Also Birds boyled or moist roasted for Galen saies meat over roasted turns easily into choller but I rather lay the fault in the Dripping the brains and stones of these are best Also Brook fish Cray fish Turtles of the woods and water Frogs are good meat in Hecticks and Snailes but some disallow of them because they are so slymy The Carthusian Friers make up the tailes of Cray-fish with Barley Almonds and Sugar which is excellent And yolks of Eggs boyled with Wine and Sugar called in Dutch Beinwarme and green Cheese Also a Panado of bread boyled in broath Or this Take crums of bread steept in Milk and add Almond Milk Rose water and Sugar Or Barley cream made with broath Also Almonds Pine nuts Pistachas alone or with
are afflicted therewith and there is a quinsie and the patient is in danger of suffocation These are most in feavers but not alone as I shewed in Feavers continual and malignant called in High-dutch Breune Also this Inflammation of the mouth may come from the use of quick-silver in the French Pox. The Gums often swel and are hot at the roots of the Teeth with a tumor appearing outward as in the Tooth-ach and the pain is great especially when the inflammation Impostumateth as shall be shewed in pains of the Teeth Also the Checks and Palate by consent of the parts and of themselves do swel and are inflamed There is somtimes such a pain with swelling and Inflamation in the loose flesh under the tongue Frog under the Tongue in the disease called the Frog which extendeth also to the parts adjoyning and being suppurated it turns to an Impostum The stone under the Tongue And I saw a long stone which came from thence after great pain Concerning the tumor without pain I shall speak elsewhere There is also in divers parts of the mouth a sharp pain A pain in the Mouth and Tongue with an ulcer excoriation or clifts with burning or without with Pustles in the tongue or Palate or cheeks or Gums often in Infants by means of the smal Pox. Somtimes it is with Excoriation after the Pustles are broken And with clefts in the tongue long and cross there is great pain and that with dryness and Inflammation of the tongue And this pain is increased by hot or sharp meats There is also pain with Ulceration after Excoriarion or Rawness or Pustles broken or after an Inflammation impostumated especially under the tongue or at the root of the Gums in the Tooth-ach Little Ulcers are called Aphthae or Thrush Aphtha or Thrush called Alcola by the Arabians they are in the Cheeks Sides of the tongue and root thereof Gums or Palate in one two or more places These are in Children usually and in the French Pox they are at the first smal as Lentiles round and white in the middle and red about inflamed and painful they spread presently if you prevent not and infect the parts adjoyning From these neglected cometh a malignant Ulcer in Children especially A Cancer in the Gums or from other causes it is in the Gums with little or no pain Rhasis cals it the Cancer of the Gums It is first white and mattery then yellow after black it creeps on and is hollow and eats up the Gums where it is and the Jaw-bone and turns to a Sphacelus And I have seen a piece of a rotten Jaw with the Teeth taken out which deformed the Face And in two Children of a Merchant my Country-man that bred teeth I saw an Ulcer that eat up the upper teeth before and another after the drawing of the tooth that eat up the lower Jaw-bone tongue and palate and at length after great torment caused their Death The Tumor and Ulcer of the Gums in the usual Disease The Scurvy or Scrobute in Northern Sea towns called the Scurvy may be referred to this In which the Gums swell and sweat blood are rotten and so consumed that the roots of the teeth are bare We shal only speak here of this Scurvy as it is in the Mouth but in Diseases that foul the body we shal speak fully of it as it infects the Feet with Spots and Swellings and Ulcers Somtimes there is a pain with a Wound made by a Prick a Cut or a Bite with Inflammation also If this pierce the Cheek it is in the number of outward Wounds The Causes The Disease which causeth these pains in the mouth is either in the Nerve and appears not or in the sensible parts of the Mouth mentioned And it is either a hot Distemper alone or with Inflammation or Solution of Continuity There is a burning often of the tongue when no hurt appears from the Nerve afflicted A Disease in the Nerves is the cause of pricking burning of the Tongue without an apparent Disease A hot Distemper causeth heat only but an Inflammation causeth Swelling Burning Clefts Pustles in the Toung and other parts of the Mouth it is long and tedious How this is caused we shal shew in Diseases of the habit of the body as we did in Astonishment and Palsie A hot Distemper alone causeth only heat in the Tongue if it be with Inflammation it causeth heat and burning with swelling And thence come Pustles and Excoriation or Rawness if it come from outward things that burn the Tongue But these come commonly from an inward cause as a hot Vapor in hot Diseases and Burning malignant Fevers which flies up and infecteth and if the inflammation of the Tongue cause a flux of blood to the jaws with heat and pain there is a Squinsie The same may be from a bloody humor pure or impure that comes to these parts and the Tongue and Gums may be inflamed chiefly This may happen in divers Diseases and in the French Pox. If it flow to the loose flesh under the tongue it raiseth a tumor there with Inflammation and that suppurated turns to an Imposthume This Flux to that part is caused by a Stone bred there from a waterish humor which caused great pain often from pain of the Teeth as shal be there mentioned there is a Defluxion upon the Gums causing an Inflammation and Swelling A Solution of continuity is the cause of an Ulcerous Pain A Solution of Continuity is the cause of ulcerous pain with excoriation clefts and ulcer in the Mouth Tongue with Excoriation or Cefts and ulcer in the Mouth and Tongue This comes from things put into the Mouth that wound it but more usually from a mans biting himself by the Tongue or Cheeks Burning things actually or potentially raise up the Skin and cause bladders and excoriation after they are broken In a tender Mouth as of an Infant sharp things may cause it they say the Aphtha or Thrush is caused by sharp milk or Bread guawn by Mice If sharp things are also piercing they do it more whereof I have observed in my self and others that if young Children eat green Nuts and Grapes together their Tongues wil be cleft and pained Also where the Tongue is too dry from Causes mentioned in the hurt of Tasting it is cleft These Pustles or Thrush and Ulcers somtimes malignant may come from hot cholerick melancholick sharp and salt Blood abounding as in other parts of the body in these moist and tender parts And if such matter be in the spittle it may come from thence as we have observed by the force of Quick-silver the Spittle hath been so infected in fluxing for the Pox that Inflammation and Ulcers have followed Also these Ulcers come from a Disease that went afore as from an Imposthume after Inflammation A Wound or simple rawness by reason of the moistness of the part is easily turn'd into
with a plentiful Diarrhaea The Method of Cure for both is The Cure of a true Pleurisis and Peripneumony to divert the Blood that flows to this noble part so to prepare that which is flown to the Lungs and inflames them that it may be coughed and spet forth because except Nature do it of her self it is in vain to purge it by Urin or Stool Also still abate the pain in the Pleurisie which is very pricking and in both cases inlarge the Breast and hold up the strength alwaies having an eye to to the Fever as we shewed in Fevers therefore abstain from hot things and use temperate things that incline rather to cold all which are done as followeth The Defluxion of Blood to the part is diverted best by Blood-letting and the heat of the Fever abated therefore neglect it not though the Patient be very young for we observe that in other cases and bleedings by cuts and falls they can loose much blood without danger and in this Disease they wil find much ease by it nor let it be omitted in women with Child or old People nor when the Disease comes from impure and cholerick blood nor when the pain goes down to the Hypochondria But for these causes do it moderately rather than omit it Blood-letting must be suddenly while the matter is flowing the first day at what time of day or night soever it be or if it hath been neglected do it the next or the third day taking much at a time or six ounces at a time often if the first bleeding do not abate the Disease bleed then thrice a day or two or three daies together after the third or fourth day except you fear the increase of the Discase or a Relapse from a new Flux of Blood for which cause after many daies if there be strength you may bleed again you must not bleed rashly You must open a Vein in the Arm because the Veins are larger and neerer the part either the middle Vein or that which most appeareth which is alwaies best And what vein soever in the Arm is opened whether it be on the right or left side the blood comes from the hollow Vein from whose upper part above the heart the veins of the Arm come and therfore by consequence blood is drawn from the right side of the Heart into which the hollow Vein is joyned before it ascendeth and so also blood is drawn from the Lungs by the veiny Artery by which the blood flows from the right side of the Heart to the Lungs Except because the hollow vein is more on the right side and sends blood into the right side of the Heart and only sends out the vein without equal or not paired to the right side only you desire to open the Vein in the right Arm for a directer way of bleeding which some think to be necessary in a Peripneumony and Pleurisie Yet in a Pleurisie it is thought better to open a vein on that side that is pained than on the contrary side as the Arabians do who first open the contrary Arm for Revulsion and then for Derivation not only from the right order and direct flowing of the Vessels on that side because the same may be good in a Pleurisie as wel as a Peripneumony the Lungs being as I shewed affected in both but because in a Pleurisie the veins on that side where the pain is are more swollen with blood Therefore if the pain be on the right side open the Vein in the right Arm if on the left open the vein in the left Arm by reason of the Defluxion of blood caused through pain And if the Vein in the Arm appear not open that in the Hand on the same side by which if the blood come freely there will be a greater Revulsion and if not a less Also it is good to bleed in the Foot or by the Fingers after bleeding in the Arm especially in Women who have this disease from stopping of the terms Cupping-glasses to the Shoulders Emunctuaries and Groyns make Revulsion and the more if there be Scarification these help the other bleeding or supply when the other cannot be Also Frictions and Ligatures of the outward parts cause Diversion or a Decoction to wash and rub the Hands and Feet but it must be such as doth not heat Some adventure to use a Caustick to the sids but it is neither safe nor profitable nor Cupping-glalsses to the Breast Clysters are given to loosen the Belly before bleeding if it be bound they are to be cooling and gentle such as are mentioned in Fevers and other internal Inflammations and Quninsie And some advise clensing Clysters at the end of the Disease if the matter tend from the Breast to the Guts lest it should hurt them which they think to be possible Loosners are better than purgers for it is not convenient in Inflammations of the Breast to give purgers both because the matter cannot be purged by stool from thence as also because they heat the body and cause a Diarrhaea which useth easily to come with much hurt to the patient These Laxatives must be good for the Breast whereof Manna is the chief Next syrup of Violets three ounces or Cassia or simple Diaprunes two ounces alone or with pectoral Decoction Or thus Take sweet prunes Raisons stoned each an ounce Violets a pugil boyl and dissolve Cassia half an ounce Manna an ounce make a potion After the seventh day the Ancients used stronger purges the humor being first prepared but these are best in a false pleurisie as I shewed or if the true pleurisie ceaseth they are good against accidents that remain otherwise they hurt more We give to drink things that cause easie Coughing and Spitting because the Humor being fastned to the Lungs and not to the Membranes girding them can-cannot be sent a better way This is done by Lenitives to the parts and such as first thicken the Matter to stop the Flux of Blood if it be thin and to make it more fit to be spit forth and then by Concocters Clensers and Cutters if it be too thick and slimy Or by things to ripen and cause matter to be spet forth lest it lying long there the Lungs be corrupted by it and a phthisis caused Or if Nature endeavors to throw it out by stool or Urin which is rare and perhaps a meer Fansie by such things as help Nature therein These are done as followeth Lohochs to be swallowed by degrees and so communicate their Vertue better to the Lungs are the best As the usual tablets of Diatragacanth frigid and Dia penidies without the species held in the Mouth Or a Lohoch made of them with syrup of Jujubes or Violets to be licked Or this Take the species of Diatragacanth frigid two drams Penidies a dram with the Syrup aforsaid make a Lohoch adding half an ounce of the Diacodium if the Cough be great others add Conesrve of Violets but it is
that are joyned to it causeth stretching or tearing pain in the Hypochondria when the Peritonaeum or Cawle is stretched are caused from the affliction of the Bowels as Liver or Spleen which are joyned to the Cawle or from the Vessels of the womb which grow to the Back and by the Cawle Hence it is that pains of the Womb reach thither or from the stretching of the Peritonaeum in a Tympany or in Women with Child there is a little pricking or by continuance a great pain as in the Hernia or Rupture The Causes of all these shall be laid down in other great accidents which befal The Stomach being on the left side under the Hypochondrion A Disease in the stomach causeth a Hypochondriack pain is pained about the lodge of the Heart before with a pain called Cardialgia on the left side especially in the Hypochondriack Melancholy when there is rumbling and burning As is shewed in Melancholy The pain of the Colon which is placed under the Stomach The Colick causeth the Hypochondriack pain from one side to the other is also in the Hypochondrion but stayes not but runs about the Belly As shall be shewed in the Colick The Cure We shall mention only here the Cure of those Diseases with pain in the Hypochondria The cure of heavy dul or stretching pain from the Liver Spleen Reins or Cawle For the Cure of the Diseases of the Liver Spleen Reins Cawle which we mention here only for the pain sake because the pain in them is dul shal be shewed in other Symptoms as Cachexy Jaundies Dropsie and the like by which they are more manifest then by the pain The cure of pains from the stomach Colon or Womb. Also if there be pain in the Hypochondria from the Stomach Womb or Colon reaching thither because the pains of the stomach are more in the region of the Heart and of the Colon and Womb more in the lower Belly where they lye we have shewed the Cure of that in Pains of the Heart and of those Pains in the Belly And here we shall only declare the Cure of the Pain where it chiefly shews it self in respect of its cause as it comes from the Inflammation of the Liver Spleen or Kidneys called Hepatitis Splenitis or Nephritis Or from the Peritonaeum or Cawle vulgarly called Spleneticus The Inflammations and Erysipelas of the Liver and Spleen The cure of the Inflammation of the Liver Spleen and Kidneys are dangerous and often deadly and if they imposthume and leave an Ulcer or be ill cured and a Hardness or Scirrhus follow they cause a Dropsie and incurable Diseases The Inflammations of the Kidneys are more easily cured they are worst when the Stone is there also If they leave an Ulcer it is also very stubborn as shall be shewed The Method in the cure of all these Inflammations is the same as in others that is while they are coming to divert the Blood another way from the part or by repelling and deriving it and to allay the Heat and Burning and to discuss the remainder or if that may not be to ripen it And if there be Hardness Scirrhus or Imposthume and after that is broken an Ulcer which may be both in Liver Spleen and Kidneys we shall shew what is then to be done in other Symptomes that come from thence Against Inflammation use the following Remedies Blood-letting diverts the Blood while it is flowing to the part another way especially in the Inflammation of the Liver or Kidneys which have great Branches from the hollow Vein And in the Phlegmon of the Spleen also it must not be neglected though it hath Veins only from the Gate Vein for reasons shewed in Inflammation of the Stomach Therefore in the Inflammation of all the the three parts except any thing prohibit open suddenly that Vein which most appeareth on the same side and bleed plentifully for Revulsion and if there be great Plethory or Fullness open the same Vein again or that in the Hand on the same side either against the Thumb or little or middle Finger according to Rhasis And in the Inflammation of the Kidneyes open the Vein in the Foot The Haemorrhoids being Branches of the Gate Vein if they be opened derive much from the Inflammation of the Spleen and revell from other Inflammations Cupping Glasses to the Hipps and Buttocks or that side do revell and derive in the Inflammation of the Reins The Ancients did use them the day after bleeding to the right Hypochondrion when the Liver was Inflamed after scarification and applyed them the next day again to the same place others used them only at the Declination to take away the residue without Scarification Also Ligatures and Frictions of the extream parts are good at the first as in other Inflammations to revell And Clysters before Bleeding and when the Body is bound as it useth to be in these Inflammations or Suppositories are good And Clysters because they reach into the Colon and come near to the part and cool are best at the first and are as altering Topicks such as are prescribed in Fevers A loosning Clyster that a little provoketh Take Mallows Roots and all Beets and for the Kidneys Pellitory of the wall each an handfull Violets Bran each a pugil Lineseed an ounce Anniseed a dram boyl and strain them dissolve Honey Butter and Oyl each an ounce and half Pulpe of sweet Prunes or Cassia an ounce with a little Salt make a Clyster A cooling Clyster Take the emollient Herbs and Roots Purslane Gourd leaves each an handful Violets Mallows and Chamomile flowers each a pugil Linseed six drams four great cold seeds an ounce Barley a pugil boyl and dissolve Honey of Violets halfe an ounce Cassia an ounce Oyl of Violets and Water-Lillies each an ounce and half If they cannot take Clysters give a Laxative take heed of Purgers for fear of more Flux and Inflammation Cassia therefore is not very safe But we give things that loosen without heat and pricking as Prunes and other loosning fruits and Spinach Mallows Violets boyled in Broaths Whey syrup of Violets and Roses and the like In the declination or after the fourth day when heat abates to take away the reliques when the Liver or Spleen are afflicted we give a gentle Purge because they can discharge themselves by the Meseraicks into the Guts And the rather when the Disease is in the hollow part of the Liver into which the Gate-vein branches it self and if Choler boyling in the Gall or sent out causeth an Erysipelas In these cases we may give Cassia or some gentle Purger Or this Decoction which cleanseth and openeth Take Liquorish two ounces Grass and Kneeholm roots each an ounce red Pease a pugil Senna an ounce Polypody an ounce and half Cordial-flowers a pugil Anise-seed three drams Fennel seed and Dodder each a dram boyl them strain and add syrup of Roses an ounce and half syrup of the two Roots an
thereof And then because it hindereth pissing we shall speak thereof in the Chapter of painfull pissing If the Bladder be inflamed in the substance of it The Inflammation of the Bladder is the cause of the burning pain thereof it causeth a pain in the Privities with redness and tumor also when the Bladder is wrapped in the Caule and the tumor is greater when the Excrements and Urin want passage This Inflammation somtimes turns to an Imposthume and then for the time the pain is yet greater and when that is broken there is an Ulcer and painful pissing of matter Also this Inflammation may leave a Scirrhus such a one as I saw gtowing very large in the Bladder of a Cow that was broken by accident and cured again Also this Inflammation if it be not well cured turns to a Gangraene And I once saw a Bladder black within when I opened a dead Fryar Some external accident may cause this Inflammation of the Bladder or pain from the stone or an Ulcer to which Diseases an Inflammation is somtimes joyned of the Bladder and Kidneys also when the body is Plethorick and fit to receive it Because the Womb is in the same lower part of the Belly The cause of pain in the Womb and the Vessels thereof and lyeth under the Bladder and the bottome thereof especially being stretched reacheth into the Belly the pains are alike in both And because the Ligaments of the Womb by which it hangeth reach to the Hips and Loyns they are pained also and of them we shall here speak but we have treated of the pains of the Neck of the Womb in its place But all the pains of the Womb in the bottom or Body or Ligaments thereof some whereof reach to the Neck as in the Bladder come from stretching or from Inflammation The stretching pain in the bottom of the womb The stretching of the bottom of the womb causeth the pain after Child-bearing comes chiefly from outward Cold taken in after Child-bearing while the inward Orifice of the womb is large and open for want of keeping warm by which means the Air gets in and fills and stretcheth and weakneth it and by cooling causeth pain This is called the pain after Child-bearing At another time this pain cannot come from taking in of Air because before Conception the womb is smal and thick and the cavity which is to be filled with Seed in time of Conception is very straight and after conception also when it grows bigger with the Child the inward Orifice is close shut and the womb full Nor from wind bred in the Body because if it get into the straight cavity of the womb or breed there it cannot so stretch the womb to cause pain because it is very thick Neither can water cause pain for the same reasons Though some suppose that the womb may be like a bladder inlarged and have an Inflammation from wind and water as they call it For though the womb be larger in some women by Nature or by much moisture which loosneth it yet it cannot be so filled and stretched that pain may follow And if the repletion be great there will be rather a weight and heaviness then a pain as it is when the Child is great but the weight of the Child by stretching the Ligaments may cause a kind of pain but it is in the Groins and not in the Loins as we shewed So then there is no other stretching pain of the womb but what is after Child-bearing The stretching of the vessels is the usual cause of pain in the womb caused either from the substance of it or from the Membranes and Vessels by which it hangeth but from Humors retained and then it may reach to the sides as we shewed in Hypochondriack pains as when the courses are stopped or disordered or foul This foulness comes from foul blood and humors in women of evil habit that want their Courses which do so fill stretch or provoke the part they that cause pain especially when they are hot and send up Vapors and produce other Accidents especially the suffocation of the womb as we there shewed The Inflammation of the bottom of the womb and neck also The Inflammation of the bottom of the womb causeth the burning pain thereof causeth pain with divers accidents as we shewed This as that of the Bladder may leave an Imposthume Ulcer Scirrhus or Gangraen And the cause external may be a Stroak or Bruise or internal abundance of blood about the womb upon stoppage of the Terms when they flow not into the neck but into the substance of the womb and cause Inflammation according to the diversity of the blood The Cancer of the womb And if the quality thereof be malignant it may cause a Cancer which shall be mentioned in Diseases of the Neck of the Womb because it is commonly in that part The womb is chiefly inflamed from difficulty of Deliverance The Inflammation of the womb after Child-bearing causeth the second sort of pain after child-bearing great pain and straining either while the child or after birth remain or after they are gone which causeth a Feaver And this Inflammation is rather the cause of many womens death then the retention of the after-burden and the pain they have comes from the Inflammation as well as from the Air that gets into it and is then greater and more dangerous The Cure The Cure is different according to the part affected and the variety of Causes as the Bowels are stretched cooled or inflamed by Blood or Choler And is to be applied to the stretching or Inflammation of the bladder or womb The stretching of the Bowels from what cause soever The cure of the Colick pain of the womb Convolvulus from stretching or cold if it cause the Coeliack and Iliack pain must be cured the same way as also when it comes of Cold. And if it come from the abundance of excrements and wind with pain and rumbling if they come forth as they use to do by Fasting Belching or a Flux you must take the same course as in Diarrhaea If these Excrements cause a stoppage in the thick Guts and so by stretching the Colick it is easier cured then in the small Guts especially when they are evil and increase continually for then Iliack passion which is so deadly and hard to be cured will return and cause Convulsions and Palsies and the like which though the pain cease destroy the Patient And if the stoppage be so hard that it cannot be opened but the thin Guts are so full of Excrements that they are sent back into the Duodenum then follows the deadly convolvulus or Spewing up of Excrements or Iliack or knots or tanglings of the Guts In all which cases except when the Guts are knotted or an Iliack pain from a Rupture for then you must rather look to the putting up the Gut then to the Iliack Passion the cure is
parts and hinder motion As we shewed in want of Motion from a Dislocation The same pain may be from broken Bones out of their place which tear the parts and hinder motion as we shewed in want of Motion from a Fracture Or from the Spondils of the Back broken out which cause Pain Swelling and Ulcers before they come forth as I knew in a Child of seven years old who was born crook-baked and had a Tumor in his left Shoulder out of which came many small bones of his Back with much matter Solution of Continuity internal in a sensible part causeth pain Rupture is the cause of pain in the Hernia as when the Membrane about the Belly is broken Especially when the guts come forth and there is an Hernia As for other sensible parts as Muscles and Nerves they can scarce be broken without an external force Of these we shall speak in the Diseases of the Skin Also Distemper causeth pain Distemper causeth pain with other Symptoms joyned whether cold or hot If it be outward it is to be referred to Diseases of the skin if inward it comes from Defluxion or congestion of Humors as shall be shewed And in the Fits of Agues the pain felt in the Back and Members comes first from Cold and then from heat because the Cause lyeth in the great Vessels which are near the Back and inflame the Nervous parts An Humor heaped which is corrupt from evil Nourishment or Weakness of Concoction or crude Congestion of Humors causeth an external Head-ach causeth pain in the bloodless parts about the Bones Periostium and Membranes where by reason of Cold they are more easily heaped up and more slowly discussed This is often in the Head between the skul and skin by reason of the plenty of Veins which afford Excrements which cannot easily be discussed by reason of the thickness of the skin Hence comes Cephalaea or Heach-ach external This may be in other places upon bare Bones like that in the French Pox with Swelling and Nodes when the Nourishment of the part aboundeth and turns to a Callus as shall be shewed in external Tumors Also when these Humors are heaped without the Skull Congestion of Humors causeth outward Heaviness Congestion of Humors causeth the Joynt-gout there comes a pain external which goes before Defluxions and Joynt-gouts The same Excrements about the bloodless Region of the Joynts not flowing from other parts may cause a kind of Joynt-gout This comes by degrees not suddenly as that which comes from a Defluxion nor doth it cause great pain and the tumor is only oedematous This Arthritis or Joynt-gout seldome comes first but follows the other which comes from Defluxion when the part is weakned from which Defluxions new Excrements are gathered Hence they are free from the Gout but there is some sign of it either from Defluxion or Congestion of Humors Or if there be another kind of Arthritis from both as a Sciatica It lasteth long and hath great changes A Defluxion of Humors causeth sudden pains A Defluxion of Humors causeth the Joynt-gout and other pains and they are either simple Defluxions or Arthritical The Humors either flow from within the Vessels or otherwise Humors congested without the Vessels that cause these two sorts of pain are supposed either flegmatick or waterish but a waterish Humor or pure Whey flowing to these parts causeth resolution or tumor without pain rather then with great pam And therefore it must be mixed with other Excrements and then as it is more cholerick sharp or salt or evil it stretcheth and tearing the part more or less and causeth pain accordingly The Original of this serous Humor comes from the Head and flows downwards And it is somtimes congested in the inward part thereof within the Skull from the Blood which is plentiful in the Head when it is crude or impure And when any part thereof is unfit for Nourishment and will not be concocted there are Excrements in the Brain which fall down and cause pain Before which there was a Heaviness in the Head from the Matter heaped up and other accidents Also excrementitious blood sent to the Brain comes from the weakness of the first or second Concoction or from its Crudity and the rather if the Brain be weak Hence it is that though good blood be bred in the first Concoction yet because it cannot be assimilated or brought into substance in the third there are many Excrements and more when it is not at first well concocted or mixed with Excrements This cause of the weakness of the Brain is either from the Parents or from age and Disease especially from Wine and Venery the one stupefying and the other spending the Spirits and both weakning the Nerves and Brain and taking away strength Of the excess of which the Gout is the punishment The plenty of this humor in the brain causeth it to flow down or external cold wind or moistness that pierceth the Brain and straineth and squeeseth it or heat of the Sun or Baths causeth Defluxions rather by opening the passages and stirring up the Faculty to expel then by melting the Flegm as they call it Also great motion that shakes the Head by Neesing Coughing or the like causeth the abounding Humor to slow down And we have shewed that the same humor may be without the Skull and flow down and cause pain before which was Head-ach or Heaviness and Swelling of the skin And also we shewed the Cause why Humors are easily gathered there And the same Causes that made the Humor flow which was internal may move the external as cold and heat and sooner as we ordinarily may perceive The Defluxion of this Humor which is both within and without the Skull is divers For if that flow which is in the Skull it causeth Diseases in the Habit of the Body and others also as it falls into the bottom of the skull into the three cavities For if it fall into the upper chamber next the Forehead then it is strained through the holes of the straining Bone and comes like clear water out of the Nose and is called Coriza If it fall into the middle Cell or Chamber which goeth to the Pallate with many holes it either passeth thin presently or continueth and turneth thick into Snot and so is blown out at the Nose or hawked out Or if it flow towards the Eyes it is turned to Tears as we shall shew in things sent forth But if it follow the passage of the Nerves in the middle cell or fall into the hinder Cavity of the Skull which is lower and larger through the great hole behind which contains the the narrow from whence come the pain of Nerves it fals into the Habit of the Body into fleshy parts or Joynts and causeth the Gout Also when the Humor gathered without the Skull flows down under the skin it causeth pains according to the parts as we shall shew If it
Furfures because they fall off as dandrow from the Head scratched or combed This if usuall and falling thick upon the cloaths is a Deformity especially if it fal from the beard or Eye-brows or from other places where hair groweth not Hitherto is referred the Disease in French called Pelatella The Scalos in the palm of the hand called in French Paelatalla as when the skin is unequally divided in the Palm of the Hand and full of Scales which though it itch not they are alwaies picking which is noysome Those Deformities which come from the dissolved connexion of The separation of the Jaws from the Teeth parts if thereby the part be wholly taken off they belong to the Diseases of number deficient but if they still stick to the Body they belong to this kind as when the Teeth are loose and bare at the Root and will not be sastned to the Gums The third kind in which the Figure and proportion of parts deformed The continuation or growing together of parts that should be divided is when parts that should be divided continue and grow together as comes to pass by birth as well as by accidents divers waies by which the Functions are hindered as when any Orifices are closed as the Nostrils Lipps Eye-brows Fundament Womb the hole of the prepuce when either by birth or other accident breathing eating seeing evacuation or generation is hindered As also the glewing together of some parts though it be not hurtfull it is ugly as when two Toes grow together which often is from the birth but it is less offensive then the growing together of the Fingers To this preternatural continuation of parts An indecent and firme conjunction of parts may be referred that by which the parts are conjoyned so that they cannot be separated As when from a Convulsion the Mouth continueth closed which because it rather hinders and takes away action then deformeth shall be mentioned in hurt Action Hitherto belongs the mutuall and close intrication of hair which cannot be separated but is like a love-lock which the Germans cal Scherletin Sopf because it is supposed to be done by the fayries and the incubi The fourth kind of Deformity in Figure The Deformity of scituaation from luxations and fractures is when the scituation of a part is perverted or transmuted and one part inclined or translated into an other by which the continued Figure of the Member is destroyed Such is that which happens to the Feet Vari crooked Leggs when they bend inward or outward And that in the Toes which are continually used to straight Shoes and so in time are bent awry and sometimes laid upon the Foot As also abreviation elongation and crookedness of Members from luxations and breaking of Bones in divers parts belong hereunto these spoil the Figure of the part as well as hinder the Functions But chiefly Crookedness of back which destroys not only the shape of breast and back Gib bout or crooked Backs but makes the whol body short crooked and unhansome brings Deformity to Mankind Hitherto may be referred the Rupture or Falling of Entrals into the Cod or other parts causing Deformity But because then the tumour and falling forth is rather to be thought upon then the desormity it shall be spoken of in Diseases of Excretion in Extuberances Tumors or things thrust forth of the Body Also to this Deformity which comes from the perversion or altering of the scituation of parts belongs Eyes sticking forth Gogle Eyes or prominency so called when the Eyes are too much outward and yet without offence or hurt but yet uncomely whether it be from birth or accident Also here we may comprehend the looseness of Teeth especially those before Loose Teeth We have seen some who could bend the whol row of Teeth before foreward Also Teeth hanging forth though fixed are unseemly Teeth hanging forth and when they are not placed even and Nayles also when out of place or moveable though they presently fall not yet are a Deformity Loose Nayles The Causes of Deformity All the immediate Causes of the Deformities mentioned depend either upon adherent as adventitious causes those are inherent which come from the birth as we have declared and they consist either in number or magnitude abounding or deficient or in uncomly shape when parts are not rightly proportioned or divided or when they are continued or grown together And this comes chiefly from the seed of the Parents The indisposition plenty or want commission or permutation of the parents seed is the cause of Diseases naturall in number magnitude and figure in the Body or members as in the Teeth Nayles Hair of which all parts are made and Children sometimes resemble the Father somtimes the mother in likeness and sex and if the seed be unclean not only the externall members of flesh and skin receive the same but also the hair and the Nayles because as I have shewed in my Anatomy they are cartilagenous parts neither do they come from Excrements as is the vulgar Opinion of hair but from that seed in the first procreation as is to be seen in Infants or Embryons But after what manner the Father or Mothers seed should propagate these Deformities to their Children is a hard Question nor otherwise to be defined but from some indecent indisposition of the Seed which coming from all parts it receives from the corrupt and as they offend in figure magnitude or number so doth it impress the same in the Childs formation in the same parts producing either the like in part of the same Deformities But this doth not alwaies happen that when any parts exceed or are defective in number or magnitude the Child should have the same for often children have their Members compleat which the Parents have wanted by birth or by amputation though in some they are weaker But in the hair of the Head and beard we see often that they are more or fewer thinner or thicker and of divers colours like their Parents in the Children as we shall shew in the Chapter of discoloration And it is plain that it comes from the Seed and is hereditary because black Moores have black and curled hair all by Nature and the cause is the Seed which produceth an obliquity in the Pores of the Skin so that the hairs which comes through those Pores not directly but obliquely are curled so doth the Seed cause these matted locks which some have by the formation of the Pores when many oblique Pores are joyned together in the skin from whence grow more hairs in a little place being curled and wound together and they are born so It may also come from the plenty of Seed that more and greater parts then are needfull be produced as the contrary from the defect thereof which as it may be in any part so in the Teeth and Hair that they may be more or fewer Also the Child may have an
unnaturall shape from some other transmutation and commixion of Seed as by the commixion of two seeds conceived and their mutuall concretion in certain places except they be separated it may chance that two Children may be brought forth of divers figures which permutation and commixion of seed as it may come from divers causes so from some impression which the Mother conceives either in time of conception or when she was great with child from fear or other affection or from strong meditation or imagination As she which being great with child and longeth for some kind of meat which is not fit produceth a Child which deformity either in number magnitude or figure By which means sometimes it hath as it were new parts resembling others or something resembling the thing described adhering to the body from the birth And among others we have seen a child have hairs like those of a Mouse upon the Thighs because the mother being great strook upon that part with her hand when she drove away a mouse Many monstrous births have been by these means which happened from imagination divers wayes so that Children are many times unlike their Parents because in the time of conception and when the Woman is great they have thought upon other people This diffimilitude or unlikeness is more incident to be from mankind then any other creature because it is subject to more intent and strong meditation and phansie other creatures only exercise their senses or things before their Eyes in the time of copulation and so cause a resemblance in shape and colour as we shall shew in the Chapter of discoloration Some originall Deformities may arise from the Mothers blood because the child is there with nourished while it is in the womb The Mothers Blood is the cause of some Diseases naturall in magnitude increased or diminished or indecem Figure not such as are in number of parts increased or diminished because every part proceeds from the seed but such as are in magnitude exceeding or defective or in uncomely figure or shape These Deformities come from the Mothers blood either being too much or too little or from the change or commixion of the same as we shall declare when we speak of internall causes Divers kinds of deformities come from externall causes as when any hurt or wound divideth the continuity of parts and so spoils the shape if it be in a sensible part and causeth pain we have spoken to them in the discourse of pains Also an unseemly figure may come from an outward force which dislocateth the parts or breaketh them in regard that there is then a loss of motion in the part we have spoken thereof in the Chapter of immobility where we spake of Luxations and Fractures Other deformities of this kind which are in number magnitude and figure come from divers causes either internall or externall The distempers and faults of the parts which produce deformity from externall causes come after divers manners A wound or an Ulcer is cause of the lameness or taking off of a part or separation or division as when by a wound they are cut off or lamed either by chance or by chyrurgery through necessity for preserving life as when the parts are consumed by an Ulcer by exulceration or often rubbing or when the dead part is cut off in a Gangren or when in a Rupture the Stones are cut off as sometimes they are or when the continuity is dissolved by wound and the wound healed there remains a separation of the parts or when by externall force the Teeth either through pain Force externall causeth falling out of Teeth or looseness or treating of them the fall of hair and gogle Eyes or other affliction are pulled out The hair falls either by accident externall or by industry or by Disease called Tinea The Eyes by violent passion sometimes thrust forth themselves Or when by mastichation and biting of hard things especially if of long continuance the Jaws are separated from the Teeth by which the Roots of the teeth being made bare they are less firm then before and sometimes fall forth especially the Foreteeth having but one Root when others will scarce fall out except there be an attenuation of the Roots as we see in dead mens Skulls the Teeth firm and unmoveable when all the flesh is gone The teeth also are broken by strong biting of Bones cracking of Nuts c. It often falls out that they which pick their Teeth with a Kinves point from a foolish custome very often do not only take away their smoothness and make them rough but wear away their substance by continuall scraping As the other cause was violent An outward vehement heat is the cause of loose Teeth or falling off them out or breaking of them so may often use of very hot Meats so burn the teeth that they may be dryed up at the Roots and be no longer firm but very loose in their places and then they offend in scituation or in number if they fall out from that cause Or if by the same Heat of meats the hard substance of the teeth be over dryed and at length burnt they fall out or some part crumbles of and the rest remains broken and weak or they become hollow And this is the usuall cause that young people have so many hollow and unsound teeth especially when they eat very hot meats and broaths which least they should burn their mouths they commonly blow upon first This is the chief cause why our Germans which love hot broaths so much have sooner bad Teeth then other people which is imputed through ignorance to defluxions of Rheum when as we shewed in the pain of the teeth defluxions cannot fall upon the substance of the teeth The swallowing of hot meats and presently drinking cold Drink thereupon while the teeth are hot which many have used from their Infancy causeth teeth to rot and fall out before they are old or at least by the sudden change of heat into cold to turn back From the like Heat the Roots of Hair being dryed and extenuated Great heat the cause of falling of Hair the hair can no longer stay in its Pores but fall out by the least combing this is caused by hot water or fire coming to near therefore when they have killed a Swine they use hot Water to take off the hair and to take off the Feathers from Poultery by which means the Roots of the Quills are so dryed that the Feathers fall off and some loose their Hair after the same manner provided that there be not such a heat as to stop the Pores and astring the Skin so that they must come both off together as it often befalls them that dress Hogs with too hot water this mistake is called in dutch Berbruen these are the causes neither can hair fall by moistning the Skin and opening the Pores only except the water be very hot though it be long used
with a moderate heat it will not do the like and after the other way the teeth will also come forth Also Nayles and beasts Hooses with greater heat will come off The tender parts may be consumed by knawing and rotting Medicines as the Jaws and flesh in the Eyes c. Corroding and putrefying Medicines are the cause of consuming of the parts and fal of Hair and there are things called Psilothra or Depilatoryes which take away hair by Art these do it rather by consuming the Roots of the hairs then by opening the Pores Some of the Deformities mentioned come from internal causes namely from divers Humors and Diseases or by one part forcing another as I have shewed as by Blood since the parts are not only nourished and augmented by it so long as a Man groweth but after whatsoever is consumed is restored by the same And this consuming of parts comes from the Blood divers waies either in respect of its Quantity and the Fatness of the parts if the Blood abound in quantity it makes the parts too fleshy by too much Nourishment and this is not only when Bodies are growing but afterwards Plenty of Blood is the cause of much Flesh and then they grow exceeding fleshy and if this come not hereditary from the seed and blood of the Parents it must needs come from Blood Hence it is that plethorick Bodies are so carnous or fleshy of which Plethory or Fulness as there are divers causes so often and plentifull feeding is not the least This Appetite is stirred up by exercise of body because by that Meat is quickly distributed therefore Men that exercise moderately grow fleshy and gross as it was with the wrestlers in old time Rest also which is the contrary may cause the same for they which are idle and sedentary and given to much eating seeing they spend little of the substance of their Bodies and still are devouring grow very big and gross This grossness may also come from the suppression of Naturall Evacuation of blood Hence Women at that time when their courses leave them although formerly when they had them constantly and nourished their Children they were lean and slender grow very corpulent and gross From these causes you may gather that as from the aboundance of Blood flesh is produced so by the want hereof there is Leanness and Slenderness The want of blood cause of leanness But as the blood causeth flesh to be more or less so it maketh some parts to be greater or lesser as when the Juyce made thereof is more proper or less agreeable to such a part This is so in that time wherein people grow as then both soft and hard parts as bones increase but after only those parts increase which are decreased by externall injuries The aboundance or want of nourishment is the cause why some parts are bigger then others as Nayles Hair which grow thick and long or fall as in the teeth Nayles and Hair but after a divers manner for in the Teeth if one be not worn away by another which is opposite in chawing then the nourishing juyce abounding makes the tooth that hath no opposite to grow longer then the rest but in the Nayles and Hair if they have too much Nourishment they grow not only soon longer but thicker The cause of Nayles growing so is strong motion about the Roots thereof when the Hands are often violently exercised and there is an extraordinary attraction of Juyce hence is it that labouring Men have thickest Nayles This also may come by often paring especially if before they be bathed in warm water for then the juyce attracted makes them by degrees more thick The same is in hair which when it first comes forth like down upon the Chin if it be often shaved growes apparently thicker and longer It may also happen that from the defect of that juyce which nourisheth Nayles and Hair that that which growes after cutting is thinner then the former But it is more usuall that they should fall from the dryness of the Roots for want of Nourishment especially hair wherefore when Medicines are made for growing of hair they attract juyce by their heat as we shall shew in the Treatise thereof by which the Root is mantained for the want of juyce is the cause of baldness for though hair grows upon the Skin of the head and continue some time there yet after some long before aged some at the aproach of old Age grow bald because the Head grows less fleshy and is made up of bones skin and membranes therefore that part is soonest dry and so becometh bald This may come also from externall injuries which dry the body as from internall Cares from which Histories mention that Men have not only become gray suddenly by drying the hair but also bald by drying up the Moisture In other parts of the Body as the Nayles if from the same juyce which nourisheth other extuberances arise in regard they are tumors we shall speak of them in their order There is also another Fault in the figure of parts from the aboundance of Nourishment The nourishing juyce sweating forth is the cause of uniting the parts for by the nourishing juyce some parts that ought to be disjoyned are united for if the Skin be taken off and parts by Nature separated be laid together the juyce which cometh forth from both will unite them for this like Glue conjoyneth wounds and bones If the Blood be fat the body is sat Fatness in blood is the cause of fatness in body and the contrary if lean it is lean for seeing all blood consists of a fat matter as Milk of a buttery matter and that by sweating from the Veins in the membranous parts and not by congealing through cold as it was supposed in regard the Body is alwaies actually hot inwardly but of its own Nature grows together being separated from the Blood and so joyns to the Members as Glue increasing the substance of the Body as there is more or less of it in the Blood so there is more or less of it gathered together for the increase of the Body from which cause rather than from Flesh are bodies greater or less but this happens not to the whol Body but to those places in which Naturally fat is used to be more then in others as in the Belly and breasts of Women c. The reason why there is more or less fat in Blood is from the quantity of blood for in much blood there must be much Fat and hence Bodies grow more fat and fleshy or more lean and thin But if Blood not only in regard of its aboundance hath much Fat in it but also of its own Nature though it abound naturally in quantity be over fat which appears by that which swims at the top after it is taken out which the vulgar Chyrurgions call Flegm then those Bodies are more fat than fleshy which Fatness comes not only
blood through the Body for the same purpose if this abound in the blood or if the greatest part of the Blood be such because not perfectly made red and yet not so corrupted but it is fit to nourish the Body then this being joyned to the substance of the Body for to nourish it still it makes the flesh and skin of the same colour pale and white and the colour is as far from the true Complexion as the blood is being so or when mixed with evil Juyce or water from evil Concoction In Women especially Virgins when that thick Blood flows not so plentifully to the Veins of the womb nor Nature which allots the purest blood for nourishing of the Child and for monethly Evacuation doth not continue her course to carry it thither and send out the crude and evil Blood there will be an evil Habit and want of Terms as we shewed the defect or want of the Terms not being the cause of that evil Habit but the evil Habit the cause of the want of Termes But if with the evil Habit Cachexy and Cacochymy there be also evil Humors about the Spleen which are carried from hence to the meseraick Arteries there will also be as I shewed a Palpitation of the Heart and other Symptomes by reason of the Cacochyma and Diseases of other parts But if this Juyce be crude and plentiful and long before it nourish the Body so that it swell therewith the cachexy is turned into a Leucophlegmacy or white Flegm and if there be much water the Leucophlegmacy will be serous or if the water abound in a Cachexy there wil be tumor of the Feet and of the Belly and Body growing less and the Dropsie called Ascites wil follow the cachexy or evil Habit. Or if this Juyce which ought to nourish the body be so bad that it will not nourish or be very little in Quantity there will be a decay of the Body and the Cachexy will be turned into an Atrophy As we shall see in the Dropsie Ascites and Atrophy how they follow a cachexy This crudity of Blood if there be serosity or waterishness or cacochymy or suspicion of a Dropsie comes often from the Nourishment if such things be taken which produce crude Juyce or Water as we said in the Imbecillity of the Stomach as Summer fruicts that will not last which if they be taken immoderately by young People make them subject to a Cachexy especially by Virgins being weak and using Exercise This crude Blood which causeth a Cachexy and evill Juyce which causeth a cacochymy or water which causeth a Dropsie comes from the Distemper of those parts which are ordained for Sanguification or making of Blood and Chyle as from the Stomach Liver Spleen and the Vessels and Membranes thereto annexed And if the concoction be made imperfect by the Distemper Weakness or other fault of the Stomach the Chylus be crude and imperfect or foule and watery which after in the second concoction produceth the like Blood because it cannot be sufficiently boiled and the rather if the parts ordained for the second concoction are also infirme We have shewed treating of the pain of the Heart what kind of Diseases are from the Stomach and cause pain Blood that is crude unconcocted foule and watery is made by the Infirmities of the Liver Spleen and Veins because these parts are ordained for the Generation of blood The Liver is the Instrument of Sanguification And that Sanguification may be hindered by the Diseases of the Spleen many former Arguments being omitted by which we shewed that the Spleen also is the Instrument of sanguifying and that it may be hindered by the Distemper of the spleen we can prove because as appears by Anatomies when the Liver is sound and the Spleen rotten there have appeared those faults of Sanguification which have been mentioned and have caused a Dropsie so that we need not make the consent between the Liver and the Spleen to be the cause Moreover from the Distemper of the Veins seeing they help to make Blood whether principally as some think or make it better after it hath been wrought by the Liver which all confess the Blood is less concocted and more crude And this cheifly caused by the Distemper of the meseraik Veins that come from the Liver and Spleen because the first change of the Chyle and preparation of it for Blood is by them for they snatch it and retain it first the Diseases which befal the Liver Spleen or Veins by which the sanguification being diminished the blood becomes crude and thence comes the Cachexy either alone with Cacochymy or Weakness Distemper Obstruction Hardness or the like Weakness of the Liver Spleen and Veins which by consent with the Bowels unto which they are joyned suffer with them is properly that which comes from want of Natural heat if it hinder the Functions so that the blood be not sufficiently wrought and therefore too crude Thus it is the cause of a Cachexy in which the Native colour of the body is lost and it grows bigger there is a shortness of breathing by reason of the Distemper of those parts and a pressing pain of the belly the Urin by reason of crudity is waterish especially if through the plenty of Water they cannot be tinctured with Choller if this Weakness last long it turns the cachexy into a Leucophlegmacy by aboundance of crudity which if it come from other causes also will make a Leucophlegmacy serous or watery Also if from the weakness of the attractive faculty of the Liver there be aboundance of Water not sufficiently attracted by the meseraik Veins the Dropsie Ascites as we shewed in the Treatise of the Dropsie will follow but if their weakness be such that the Blood be not only crude but not enough to nourish the Body it will produce a cachexy in which the Body is rather less then bigger or if by this weakness the sanguification is lost an Atrophy will follow A cachexy is known to come from this weakness if there be no other accidents or Diseases in the Bowels it appears by the evil colour of the whole Body that they are weakned and the Patients so affected are called Hepatick or Splenetick This weakness comes from this dispersing of the Natural heat which is from inward Causes from Birth or through Age or from external causes and remaineth after divers Distempers of the Bowels or other long and acute diseases Among which are Feavers after which the Bowels being weakned by too much heat or cold Drink which is usual there follows a Cachexy which by continuance caused the Feet Belly or whol body to swell Moreover great loss of blood especially of the Menstrual causeth a cachexy not only by the loss of Spirits but because the Veins want refreshment by their emptiness and want of heat with which they were nourished not onely by reason of that crude Juyce which is then produced but because the Body being exhausted looseth
too deep is here to be mentioned And also the Swelling of the Navel not that which is in dropsie and ruptures The stretching forth of the Navel but that which comes from an increase of the Callus There is a little tumor called a Wart Warts as big as a Pease above the skin hard without sense and narrow about the Root by which as a stalk it grows to the skin And if it hang far out it is called Acrochordon or a Wart that hangs by a sinew so called Acrochordon rather because it may be tyed with a string or corde then because it hangs like a corde If this be discoloured like Tyme or the Herb Thyme and uneven it is called Thymium These are in divers parts often in the Hands and Feet and many together yet at some distance and and somtimes united Thymium These being unseemly and the worse in the Face from whence Cicero had his Name because his Wart there was as big as a Pease called Cicer do also molest somtimes and hinder A fixed Wart is called Verruca sessilis Verruca sesstlis because it sits fast and comes less forth then the other like a Lupine having a broad Root fast to the skin otherwise like the former only when it is hard thrust upon it feels a pricking In this oftentimes especially in the Face groweth a hair or two Like to these is a corn in the Feet or Toes called Clavus Clavus both because it hath a head like a Nail and also because being pressed it pricks like a Nail It is very troublesom and hinders going the Germans cal it Egerstenany because it is like a Magpyes Eye There are besides tumors in the Head especially called Vari or Jonthi Vari or Jonthi warts in the Face so called They are hard and callous moist at the top and in the Face somtimes and Beard and then called Psydracia There are other hard tumors in the Eye-brows like Warts one whereof grows upon the Eye-lid Hordeolum because like a Barley corn without sense itching or red Another grows to the upper Eye-brow and is hard called Grando because like a Hail-stone Grando That tumor which comes and goes is called Cele which word is applyed to other tumors called Ruptures from the Cause it is in Groins often both of Men and Women It is at first small of the Colour with the other flesh somtimes soft somtimes hard and uneven being pressed it goes back and returns and may be thrust forth by straining and holding the Breath this is called Epiplocele when the Cawle is broken and Bubonocele from its likeness to a Bubo or Bubo herniosus or Hernia inguinalis that is a Rupture in the Groyne If it come from the Guts falling down it is called Enterocele though this tumor doth not rest in the Groyne but falls into the Codds of Men the Colour of the skin not being altered somtimes wrinkled This tumor if it be pressed or the party laid upon his Back vanisheth and after returns again and the sooner if it be forced by holding the Breath and straining Women have somtimes the same in the Groyne as Men have in the Codd and it will fall downwards into a great Tumor and it will go and come again as that of Men. There are the like also in the Belly and other parts The Hernia or Rupture of the belly or Omphalocele and especially about the Navel which is called Omphalocele when the Navel sticks out somtimes as big as a nut somtimes as an Apple and sometimes there is a Tumor in the part that hangs down like a bagg all these tumors go in by pressing and lying down but they will return except they be prevented In these Tumors mentioned sometimes there is no pain nor impediment besides the tumor somtimes there is great pain at the beginning especially in the Groyne when it falls from thence into the Codd then there is a tearing and pricking pain They are commonly bound in the belly that have them and if the tumors be long out they will vomit up their Dung as we shewed in the Convolvulus speaking of Vomiting To these tumors that come and goe may be referred those that come from the windy Cramp in the Calves of the Leggs and other fleshy parts with great pain rising and falling again of which we spake in Convulsions The Causes The immediate Causes of all Extuberances or general Swellings are from the Humors Seed Milk or Blood or Water or Wine either single or mixed the Cause of some tumors is the Dislocation of some part as we shall shew As the Seed is the Cause of Deformity The Parents seed is the Cause of fleshy Tumors Strumaes Scrophulaes hereditarywarts and Discolouration that comes Naturally as we shewed before so is it the cause of divers Tumors which are hereditary as Sarcomata or fleshy tumors Tubercula or Pustles soft or hard and chiefly of Strumas or Scrophulas which are kernels hardned in the neck These we rather suppose to have come from the Parents then from evil diet Also those Glandules of kernels which are in divers parts of the Body and end in cancerous Ulcers come often from the Parents Seed and it appears in that where these are frequent in divers Countryes they will never marry til they know certainly that neither party is infected therewith And as all small tumors may come from the Parents so may Warts and Moles like Pease such as Tully had in his Nose and thence he was called Cicero and this is from the Infection of Parents Seed as we shewed concerning Deformities As when the Seed is perfect there is a Child Imperfect Seed is the Cause of the Tumor of the belly called Mola so when it is imperfect there is a Mole or the like and this will grow and swell the Belly preternaturally This defect in the Seed is hard to be discovered but if there be a production of flesh with Vessels or with Membranes the fault is in the Man except there be also a Distemper in the Womb. And seeing there is a Navel-vein this ill shaped Lump must increase and the Mother must find it Nourishment by her Courses and she must have Milk in her Breasts as when she is with Child It is not probable that a Mole should come from other Causes as only the Mothers Seed or Terms or from the Blood that nourisheth the Womb because nothing can be gotten without the commixion of both Seeds neither can it be from the terms which though they may nourish yet can they not be get either Child or Mole and if that blood which nourisheth the womb produce any thing it must be a Sarcoma or fleshy tumor which grows to the womb rather then a Mole which is loose and only hangs by Veins as we shewed in the Causes of Sarcoma That no Mole comes from wind is manifest for if wind be inclosed in the womb it will rather
disease Also this juyce may produce a tumor for when the Bones are broken which wil cause abundance of juyce there will a Callus grow to glew them together and it will grow out from the Bone and be like a Node In the Roots of the Nails there is Juyce which giveth them Nourishment The Juyce which nourisheth the Nails being too thick or too much causeth the callosity of the Nails and if it be too much in quantity it doth not onely make them too thick which is unseemly but if it be thick withall it causeth uneven Swellings Now the cause of this abundant juyce among the rest is this when it is drawn thither by a violent Exercise of the Hands or by hurt as we shewed And if this juyce be too thick or be mixed with the Juyce that belongs to the Bones adjacent it makes the Nails to be too hard and thick And if it be mixed with other juyce which is evil it procures other inconveniences besides hardness as shall be shewed The Juyce which nourisheth the Body Crude juyce nourishing the body is the cause of Leucophlegmacy causeth enlargment by encreasing the substance thereof and if it be crude and unconcocted which long nourisheth the body instead of that which is concocted it makes the body soft and faint and swollen and is the cause of Leucophlegmacy so called because it is made of waterish juyce or flegm which is water congealed And the Cause which breeds this crude juyce is the same with that of a Cachexy which comes from the same juyce as we shewed when we told you that it came from crude Blood which produceth such Juyce And that it came either from the Foot or from some Distemper of the Bowels as the Stomach which leaves the Chylus imperfect in the first Concoction or from the weakness of the Liver and Spleen from Distemper or other Diseases as Obstruction and Hardness by which meanes the blood is not sufficiently wrought in the second Concoction Hence is this evil juyce so plentiful in the Veins which nourishing the Habit of the Body first breeds a Cachexy which useth to go before a Leucophlegmacy and produceth it certainly if the matter increase And we have shewed how the serous or watery Humor mixed with the crude produceth the same Crude juyce gathered in some parts causeth the Tumor Oedema The crude nourishing juyce either alone or mixed with water is the cause of the tumor called Oedema which is spread abroad and in which the substance of the parts where it is seems rather to be enlarged soft and swollen then filled with Excrementitious Flegm which they say is the Cause and therefore is harder to be cured Also when Water is mixed with the juyce it produceth tumors that are more soft and watery which we call serous Oedema's these are especially in the Thighs which make them look like a Dropsie We have shewed the Causes of these last in the Treatise of the serous Humor but for the cause of those which come only of crude juyce somtimes it is the same with that of a Cachexy and Leucophlegmacy if it come to the part through the weakness thereof somtimes only the evil constitution of the part by which it doth not so perfectly turn the blood brought thither into its self but leaves it crude and imperfect may be the Cause if the part be cold weak looser or fainter from Diseases or hurts received Abundance of Milk in the Breasts causeth a Tumor which distendeth the whole Breast Plenty of milk is tho cause of the Swelling of the breasts or some part thereof wherein it is gathered The plenty of Blood is the cause of this plenty of Milk but chiefly the retention and collection of Milk already made in the breast commonly after Child-bearing which is the time of giving suck in which if Women give not suck as some do not they are subject to swollen breasts somtimes though the Infant do suck yet in regard it cannot suck them clean by reason of the continual increase of Milk the same may happen Women when they have weaned their Children are troubled with this some sew daies after And they seldom have it before they are delivered albeit they have Milk and their Breasts grow bigger Some say that not onely the abundance of milk but the curdling thereof is the cause of this Tumor of the Breasts which if so the Tumor would be rather gathered and hard as somtimes it is in that place wherein it curdleth rather then a general Swelling and this would be so because the Milk is out of its proper Vessels and then in regard curdled milk as clodred Blood cannot be long in a part without corruption or Suppuration nor can they easily be discussed this tumor would quickly be an Imposthume We shewed in pains Blood filling the Veins is the cause of crooked Veins called Varicae how Blood carried out of the Vessels caused hot Tumors with pain And somtimes when it is in the Vessels it causeth tumors as it is in the Veins or Arteries if in the Veins they are swollen and crooked by too much filling and dilatation and somtimes they are in some places more swollen like baggs or Nodes stretched forth made clear and transparent through dilatation and the Colour of the Blood is seen through and they appear blew and black straight or crooked and if they be so stretched that they presse the adjacent Nerves or if the Matter contained in them do offend the Nerves there is pain And the blood will do this sooner in those parts which are dependant and from whence it cannot so easily ascend as in the Leggs where these Varices are most usuall and large as from the same Cause there is the tumor called Cirsocele in the inward Vessels of the Codds but this is seldom because the Blood will not come so violently into such narrow Passages but by some extraordinary occasion Moreover Blood sent into other Veins of the skin gets Varices especially where there are many Veins as in the Scrotum or Cod and the Eye-brows and the like But these are different as the Blood for if that be temperate and pure they are less and only are offensive by their being stretched forth but if the Blood be hot or foul or mixed with Choller they burn and are more troublesom and sometimes have an Ulcer at the bottom where the Blood setleth as in the Legs is usual if the matter be sharp and it will be a creeping corroding Ulcer which many suppose comes from a Melancholick Humor as all other Varices because they look black when pure Blood seen through the skin may seem so the rather when it is foul Now the reason why the Blood is carried so fast to that part is from the part and from the blood it self as when there is too much Blood as in a Plethora and Women with Child by reason of the Terms stopped in the Veins of the
Womb and being more then will nourish the Child hence it is that they have these crooked Veins in their Legs because their blood being stopped is carried thither that is into the Legs which Veins consent with the womb as appears by letting Blood in the Foot to provoke the Terms and after they are delivered the blood being purged by the Womb as is usual these veins fall down except they be too much dilated Also blood sent by the Veins into the extream parts by reason of its evil Juyce produceth Varices or crooked Veins and somtimes ulcers let the Blood be what it wil it produceth Varices by its violent motion therefore they are chiefly in the Feet by reason of much Exercise But hard travail and long and great throws in Child-bed are the chief cause of Blood flowing into the Feet which produceth these Swellings of the Veins Also immoderate Venery because it forceth Blood violently into the Spermatick Vessels which hath been somtimes known to come forth instead of Seed and dilateth them may be the cause of the Swelling called Cirsocele which is of the Veins in the Codds And those Swellings come the more when the part is weakned and fit by its loosness to receive a Defluxion and when the part hath more and larger Veins then others or when it is dependant and lowest as was said There is another tumor rising from Blood gathered about the womb in the Veins thereof Blood in the veins of the Womb causeth the belly to swell as if the woman were with Child and stretching them out which causeth that Swelling in women which we shewed made them look as if with Child before Conception And this comes from Blood because the Courses have long stopped and it will not be dissolved but by a Flux of Blood And it appears that this blood doth not cause this tumor by getting into the Cavity of the Womb and by filling it till it stretch because the womb is fleshy and Nervous cannot be enlarged by any Humor as a Membrane and it cannot be enlarged but by the growth of a Child or Mole as we have shewed And if it were filled with blood it could not be kept there long and would be corrupt and putrified which it doth not because alwaies it comes afterwards forth thin and though some Clodds come therewith it shews that they grew so by stoppage at the first and caused this Swelling Now from hence we conclude that this Swelling of the Womb came Because blood being a long time retained in the Veins of the Womb doth not only enlarge them externally in the outside of the Womb and make them crooked and swollen but these Veins in the substance of the Womb which at other times are small and scarce apparent being now filled and dilated by degrees do lift up the substance of the womb and make it larger and so the Swelling of it and the stretching of the veins external causeth this Swelling of the Belly which when the Courses flow and the veins grow empty is asswaged except some other Disease happen as Cachexy or beginning of a dropsie when the Belly is so swelled with wind or water as we have known it in Women with Child and then the tumor is altered and will not be gone with bleeding I have observed in two full bodied Women this gathering and stopping of Blood in the Veins of the Womb which caused a Swelling of the Belly with distension and puffing up or inflation of the Breasts as in Women with Child whom at first I judged to be with Child which was their Hope but not long after the Courses flowing plentifully they were freed both from Swelling of Breasts and Belly Blood in the Arteries causeth that beating Tumor called an Aneurism Blood getting out of the Arteries under the skin is the cause of the tumor called Aneurism which they suppose to be from the dilatation of an Artery as the other was from the Vein And it was formerly declared that this only may be in the inward Arteries and that from an internal Aneurism Pulsation of the Heart and Arteries may proceed when we spake of that Disease But since the Branches of the Arteries do not spread themselves to the skin nor are they fastned unto it as the branches of the Veins are this Swelling cannot be like that of the Veins except by chance an Artery do so swell in some part near to the skin that it appear external and cause Pulsation And if this be so it must come from the same Cause from which we told you in the Palpitation of the Heart the inrernal Aneurism did proceed But an Aneurism doth not come only from the Dilation of the Artery while it continueth sound and whole but often though not alwaies if it be external it comes from some manifest apertion of the same For then the thin Blood which comes out of the Artery gets under the skin and makes it swell and there makes a Hollowness into which the Artery disburdens its self as it is wont to do in the Brain Naturally so here preternaturally by throwing forth the Blood with the Spirits in its Diastole or Dilatation and drawing it again in the Systole or Contraction of it self and this causeth the Pulsation in this Tumor Now the opening of the Mouth of the Artery is the Cause of this Bleeding when being dilated by the Causes mentioned it doth not only swell but makes way under the skin for the Blood to get forth by opening the mouth through the Distension Or if the Artery from the force of that spirital Blood be so compelled that it is stretched forth and opened or be hurt by any external sorce so that it be broken externally it may send blood under the skin as we have declared But it is apparent that this happens not from an Artery broken or by stretching opened internal but external in that the Mouths of the Arteries which end and shut up the same have their termination in the extremities of the Body where the Arteries end and if an Artery inwardly hurt or opened should bleed the Blood would fall into the Cavities of the Body neither would it produce a Tumor such as many times is inward also when the Artery is onely stretched Moreover that an external Aneurism comes often from the effusion of this Arterial blood by the Causes aforesaid under the skin and not from the dilatation only it appears in that the Tumor is round rather than long like the Artery dilated and not wrinkled or twisted like a Varix But it appears chiefly by an incision made in the skin swollen that the blood was lodged there because it leaps out suddenly and often in such abundance that as it hath been observed it could no waies be stopped but the Patient hath bled to Death and that this Aneurism came by the breaking of the Artery appeared by the leaping and in regard the Pulsation was such and it had long continued and
body by which it passeth with crude blood to the nourishing of the Parts and as the blood nourisheth them with crude Juyce so this watereth them And the Cause of the mixture of this serous Humor with the crude is the abundance of it in the Veins When there are Causes which produce these serous Humors joyned with the weakness of the Bowels that do sanguifie or make blood so that they cannot sufficiently compleat it as we shewed in the Leucophlegmacy Among which this was chief the immoderate increase thereof which most say is in the Liver and is Naturally produced at the second Concoction so that if the Liver be weakned or cooled because it cannot make the Chylus into Blood they say it turns it into Whey But these Arguments may proove that Whey and Serum is not made in the Liver but in the first Concoction and it takes its form presently from thence because being partly made in the Stomach with the Chyle of the best Juyce some part thereof is thinner as Whey in Milk and is of the same use with the Chylus of which it is a part and comming partly from the Humors abounding through eating and drinking and made thinner it hath the form of Whey and being sent into the Guts with other Excrements it is carried from the Mescraick Veins into the hollow Vein with the Chylus and without it as we see some who piss out Drink too much taken presently being suddenly snatcht to the Liver Hence it is that we must attribute the abundance of Serum to too much drinking and use of moist things which administer matter unto it rather then to the fault of the Liver except we will as some do call that crude Juyce which is made by defect in the Liver a serous Humor or because the separation of the Whey imperfect at the makeing of the Blood cannot be handsom but there is more Whey in the Blood then is needful and is not separated as in other places makes it more watery for this cause we may pronounce that the Serum or Whey is not only made by the Liver but also gathered into the Veins more plentifully And so to determine the Leucophlegmacy comes from the weakness of the Liver And this is chiefly when there is not a sufficient Evacuation by Urin the attractive Faculty of the Kidneys being weakned or when usual sweating is stopped which may be the only Cause without the Distemper of the Liver of water in the Veins And this is sooner when the Diet is such as breeds water These causes meeting make a Leucophlegmacy in which the whey or water called Serum is more then the crude Juyce or such as comes from only Serum when the Imbecillity of the Liver is absent As we have seen some who have swollen only by drinking a great Draught without fetching breath when they were very hot by reason of the Heat which carried the Humor suddenly into the Veins and thence into the Habit of the Body and the same hath been when a body hot and sweating was exposed to the Air through the strikeing in of the water And it sometimes happens that the water being carried from the Meseraick Veins into the Belly from the Causes aforesaid and so into the Habit of the Body that the Dropsie Ascites is produced with that called Anasarca and so they both are united Water falling into some parts and there gathered Water in the Feet may cause a swelling without a Dropsie causeth Swellings as when it is in the Feet of which we spake without the Dropsie Ascites it causeth a Tumor like that of a Dropsie being soft such as we described formerly And this is when together with the crude Nourishment which causeth Oaedematous Tumors it falls from the inferior parts into the Feet Or when in Diseases of the Feet as the Erysipelas Oedematous or the like these Excrements are carried with other Humors into the Feet and cause these Diseases and when the other are discussed the Tumor remaineth Or when by a Defluxion into the Eyes there is an Epiphora or Moistness and weeping which makes the Eye-lidds swel which was spoken of in the Eyes Or when in the Declination of other acute Diseases Nature disburdning the remainder of the Excrements with the water into the lower parts the Feet do swell and the sooner because having long kept the bed and their Feet up when they begin to walk the Humors flow downward This tumor of the Feet in men that are in Health is counted a good sign because the reliques are so carried away And because such thin Humors are quickly discussed it continueth not long unless it be such as shewed it self at first in the Feet which a Dropsie followed this deceiveth many and it may be discovered by other accidents which accompany a Dropsie We have formerly shewed that there hath been a Tumor in the skin Water in the Leggs the cause of particular tumors there upon the Longitude thereof only from a serous humor and because it came suddenly it was a sign that it t would go suddenly away though it pitted with strong Impression And this was sent by Nature by reason of the plenty of it as appeared by the Parties continual Sweating and by reason of the thinness and sharpness which caused Itching And there was also a Loosness of the Feet and a contraction If water be sent under the skin into any outward part Water gathered under the skin of the Head the cause of Hydrocele if it separate the skin from the part and fill the space between it causeth a Tumor as under thick skins of the Head in the Tumor called Hydrocelephale comming from plenty of water there breeding and gathered together And when water is under the skin of the Navel Water in the Navel is the cause of Hydronphalon the Tumor called Hydromphalon is raised being carried thither by the Navel-vein enlarged or by reason of the plenty thereof or from other causes while the Passage is not dryed as we shewed in a Dropsie may be When water is in the Eye-brows there is a swelling Water in the Eye-brows Cause of their Swelling and the sooner with tears and rubbing because they will often Itch. Somtimes there is a sudden Defluxion of Blood into the Eye with water with Swelling and Redness as if there had been a stroak comming and going about the ball of the Eye These have I seen in two Children of evil Habit of Body having pain in the Limbs and the running Gout Also when water is under the scarfe Skin Water under the skin of the Eye the Cause of Phlyctana if it be separated from the parts beneath and the Mouths of the Veins that end there and stop them causeth the Bladder called Phlyctaena And this will be so in other parts The cause is the abundance of whey brought thither and hindered from passing through the Pores by Sweat and therefore it getteth under the skin and lifteth it
in their Legs after they are delivered they commonly vanish And if either Man or Woman have them continually they regard them not till they trouble them But if they itch or pain them or turn to an Ulcer they must be cured because while they continue the Ulcer cannot be cured as we shewed in the Kind of Ulcer For the Cure first consider the Plethory and evil Habit or Juyce in the blood and this must first be cured by letting blood and purging as we shewed Then we must apply things that may repress and consume the filthy blood that stretcheth the Veins And that with Lotions or Fomentations with a Decoction made in Forge-water or Lye or Urin of Fennel roots Bugloss the great Agrimony Laurel Cole worts of Rosemary Elder and Lavender flowers Cypress nuts Sloes Lupine seeds Cole-wort seed with Salt and Allum and if you will astringe more with Vitriol Or with this Fomentation or Epithem Take burnt Chalk three ounces Bole or fat Earth one ounce and an half Acacia or dryed Sloes one ounce Sanguis Draconis six drams Myrrh half an ounce strong Vinegar one pint and an half Lye three pounds with a little Salt and Vitriol we stop the flux by Ligatures or Roulers about the part beginning from below upwards as we shewed in Oedema alone or with a Fomentation afore or we wet the Rouler in the Fomentation and strain which will be stronger thereby especially if it be made of Sloes Somtimes we cut off the great Vein which nourisheth the Ulcer when it hinders the Cure of the Ulcer if there were no Ulcer we would not do it because dangerous if but opened It is better therefore to bleed in the other Leg for Revulsion But when we will cut a Vein out that nourisheth the Ulcer first you must mark its Passage above with a Pen as it comes from the Ulcer and then open the skin by longitude and lay the Vein bare then rub the Blood down and tye the Vein above and cut it beneath in length to let out the blood then bind it next to the Ulcer and cut it that part of the Vein which is between the two Ligatures and so the way will be stopped by which the Ulcer was fed The small crooked Veins in the Codds Privities of women and Eye-brows or in other parts of the skin because they hinder not are not regarded but if you will do any thing you must revel the blood from the part and repel and discuss it as in Inflammations only your astringents must not here be so cold least the Blood congeal Cirsocele is when the spermatick vessels are swollen The Cure of the Stone vessel rupture and if it hinder not the Seed it is not regarded because it is hard to be taken without Gelding and except it grow great like a flesh Rupture it is not attempted but you must use Fomentations and the like before it comes to that Aneurisma that is a Tumor from the opening of the artery The Cure of Aneurisma when the blood thereof gets under the skin when it is old is not curable because the blood cannot be repelled by astringents or the mouth of the Artery lying deep be shut Nor may we open it because the Patient would certainly die of a Flux of Blood which cannot be stopped Therefore if at the first Repellers and Closers of the Artery mentioned in Haemorragy or Bleeding do nothing we must leave it except we will use a Ligature or Plate of Lead to keep it down As for an internal Aneurism because it hath no external Tumor of which we spake but produceth the Heart beating we have shewed how it must be ordered when we treated of Palpitation of Heart and Cachexy Tumors comming from Seed as that which is Natural of the Belly in Women with Child require nothing but good Government to prevent Abortion or Miscarriage as shall be shewed in the Treatise of unseasonable Births The tumors of a Womans Belly from a Mole The Cure of the Belly swollen with a Mole is to be mentioned in things cast off because the cause is not to be certainly known till the Mole is brought forth The Cure of particular Tumors is not here to be repeated The Cure of tumors that are from the Birth if they come from the Seed at the Birth as Sarcomata Kernels Struma's and the like because they are to be cured as those CHAP. IV. Of Defoedation or Defilement The Kinds UNder the Name of Defoedation we understand those Infections which defile the Body with many Diseases so that they are that infected with them must leave the society of sound Men. Of this there are two Kinds principally The one is old called Lues Elephantica or Leprosie the other new called the Lues Venerea or French Pox. The body is many waies defiled by them with such as are common to both as tumors pustles ulcers and falling of the Hair and others that are proper to them in particular Pains and Hindrance of Functions There are also other Infections that have been first known our age that defile the Body and are proper to some Countreys among which the Scurvey is most known usual in the North of which we shall speak here leaving other Infections to them that know them It is called Elephantiasis The Leprosie called Elephantiasis from the Likeness of the Patient to an Elephant his Ears growing thin and broad like wings they are called Lepers from the Roughness of their skin and from their Lyon like looks it is called Leontiasis and because they are Lecherous Satyriasis In this there are divers accidents which are to be searched and described because they shew how it came and they who have it are to be examined by the command of the Magistrate and separated from the sound that we may judg rightly and not mistake as usually and offend either sick or sound In regard I have been thirty years appointed and have examined above six hundered suspected of the same I will faithfully declare first the Diseases they have and then the Actions hurt and examine the things cast off that we may know how to judg of the same The outward Infirmities are chiefly in the Heads and Joynts and the Searchers do scarce examine any other part and yet give sure Judgment In the Joynts they examine the Hands and Feet Fingers and Toes and Nails and above the Knees to the Thighs above the Elbow to the Shoulder and in the Head they search the Mouth Eyes Nose inside and outside Face Ears and Hair Eye-brows and Beard and the tumors and ulcers there to judg by them alone or together There are oftentimes little tumors in the Leprous upon the Face and Joynts in the Face upon the Fore-head and Cheeks and making them look wildly which first discover the Disease and are in the Arms Backs of the Hands and in the Feet and Thighs These are moveable and without pain and are blewish red especially in the
Mother Although God sometimes inflicts this as a Punishment with that means It is a received Opinion that one Body will infect another and therefore they are separated one from the other and it appears to be so because the Infection being in the external parts and skin only nay by touching or lying together especially in Mariage may easily be conveighed to the skin of another or by the use of the same Cups or Spoons or taking in of meat which the infected have chewed it may get first into the Mouth and then into other parts As we shewed the venom of the Pox and of beasts could infect by spettle And they are soonest infected that are of a like temper as those of a Kindred as we have upon search found two or three Brethren infected in the same Family Or they have some capacity to receive it which we can scarce declare but it is such because when many have been together in the same danger onely one or two have been infected Also they say that other Creatures infected therewith may infect Man-kind for although Beasts have somwhat like the Leprosie as tumors in the Jawes in Hogs yet because it is not every way the same neither have they other signs of it as men have it is either not the Leprosie or another kind and will infect only beasts of their own kind and not men Also we daily find by Experience that poor people eat daily meazled Hogs and yet have no signs of Leprosie I have observed that a Woman with Child that longed for meazled Pork and eat much of it brought forth a Son who had meazly Pustles all along his Back-bone very like those of Swine spread abroad continuing a while and then vanishing without any other inconvenience We shall affirm little but leave it to every Mans Experience whether from the biting or stinging of venemous beasts or touching only of Venom or drinking or smelling as they say of basil this Leprosie can come or not although the people have divers Opinions thereof It appears this Infection may come from Humors very often because many Leprous Persons have not taken it by Insection and we see often them that have conversed long with Lepers and been married to them to have remained sound Therefore because we cannot perceive any other Cause from whence it should arise we conclude that it comes from within Moreover we cannot say that these Humors from whence the venemous Quality comes into the parts arise from Distemper or Corruption as is generally beleeved because they produce no other Diseases or accidents or signs of the same which use to arise from the change of Humors in that manner but that a certain venemous Quality produceth a Disease like it self And this may be bred in the Blood and with that property by which it can onely hurt some places according to the Nature of poyson it hurts only the skin and Tunicles only and no other part For the doing of which and that its force may come to the Supersicies of the Body it is not needful that all the blood be corrupted for then it would kill the Party but some part thereof Or if this poyson being against Nature be driven to the exteriour parts by it the Cause with its Effect produced will stick there only where the Infection brake forth and no longer be in the Blood although it came originally from thence and so corrupt the substance of the parts and that will corrupt the nourishing Juyce as I shewed and so cause and nourish and Elephantiasis These venemous Seeds in the Blood except the Blood be first insected and then the parts of the Body from it may come from some Corruption in the same or Putrefaction in which the blood may be turned into Venom as in other poysons whereof we have spoken in other Diseases among which as some are said to come from the Terms which are accounted venemous so they say the Elephantiasis comes also not only in a Woman when her Courses are stopped but in a Man by Infection when he hath had to do with a menstrous Woman or in a Child conceived at that time All which come not from the menstrual Blood because it is not of its own Nature in sound women filthy as we shewed except that it or other blood for other Causes contract such evil as may produce the venemous Seeds of an Elephantiasis And it is hard to judg by bleeding whether it comes from meat or a Disease afore going or what kind of Venom it is but by the effect In the Cause of the Elephantiasis begin other Humors as Melancholy as some think it is or any other and if it proceed not from its certain quality though hurtful or if it be Naturally in Humors preternatural or become such from Corruption because other Diseases come from thence which are not found in an Elephantiasis but then also it wil come from the corruption of them from whence these Humors receive a venemous and malignant Quality fit to produce an Elephantiasis they will produce it that as we shewed of Blood by driving it the outward parts of the body and by infecting them It is thought that this Leprosie is contracted by extream Cold external of the Body when men have been long in Water Air or Snow or after vehement Heat as bathing they endure a great cold or when they cool a hot Tumor as Erysipelas too suddenly But because other accidents come from thence as when there is extream cooling the extinguishing of Natural Heat and Mortification of the part we cannot make this a cause of the divers accidents in this Leprosie Nor can we affirm that other Tumors and Ulcers in these outward parts can be turned into this Disease although many think it to be possible in an Erysipelas and Herpes because when they are changed into a malignant Scab which the Greeks call a Leprosie they take it for a kind of Elephantiasis from which it differs as I shewed And if any external Diseases should turn into this the Humors that caused them must first of Necessity turn into a venemous Quality by Corruption In the French Pox that Venom which produceth it The part affected in the French Pox. is chiefly in the Membranes which causeth Diseases there and Pain as we shewed As pains about the Periostium or Skin or Bone where there is no flesh in the Head Shins Breast and Nodes in some places But the Elephantiasis chiefly in the skin the mouth Jawes Nostrils causeth the Hair to fall Spots Ulcers c. The Disease of the French Pox is a Distemper of these parts An evil quality is the cause of the French Pox. and such a venemous quality as is fit not only to produce such accidents as are in the Elephantiasis but more and great pains as appears by what is said in Elephantiasis and in the second Book of the Pox. Where we have at large declared where and how this Venom comming of
the child and this they do by a Propriety known by Experience Some things are given often especially when they are nigh the time These Pouders are best taken in Wine or the Yolk of an Egg or with Sugar of Roses or made into Lozenges with Sugar dissolved in Rose or Plantane-water Take Red Coral in pouder two drams I vory one dram and an half Mastick or Frankincense half a dram Or Take the dry Grains of Cuchynele one dram Pearls or precious Stones half a dram with a little Leaf Gold make a Pouder It is given by it self if the woman supposeth her Child not well or mixed with the former or with Margariton frigidum Another Take Roots of Bistort or Tormentil two drams Date stones one dram and an half Plantane seed one dram water-cresse seed a little parched half a dram Amber two scruples make a Pouder Or Take the Runnet of an Hare dryed two drams Cray-fish parched one dram burnt Ivory two scruples Coriander seed prepared half a dram Red Sanders one scruple make a Pouder this may be given alone or with the other and if the Matrix of an Hare be dryed and poudered it is better others add the Pizle of a Bull or of a Dear You may make of these this Mixture Take Conserve of Roses one ounce and an half Citron peels and Quinces candied each one ounce Conserve of Sage flowers or of Mints which strengthen the Womb six drams of candied Myrobalans Pulp of Dates each half an ounce of one or two of the Pouders aforesaid two drams and with Syrup of Citrons make an Electuary Dates their Stones taken out and they filled with the Pouder of Cuchyneile and eaten before and after Sleep are said to prevent Abortion The Water called the Childrens Balsom made of many things steeped in Sack and distilled Waters is good to be taken every day to prevent Abortion Outwardly Oyntments and Plaisters applied to the Womb before and behind about the Reins are also good And they are used when we are certain of Conception at first a little and then more often especially if any signs of Abortion appear The Oyntment Take Oyl of Roses Myrtles Mastick or Quinces four ounces Juyce of Sloes Bdellium dissolved in Vinegar of Roses or red Wine half an ounce Liquid Storax two drams Wax as much as will make an Oyntment You may add Oyl of Mints half an ounce which is good against all Fluxes and proper against Abortion Make other Oyntments of these Pouders Take Frankincense Mastick each two drams Sanguis Dracouis one dram Bole or sealed Earth half an ounce of all the Sanders one dram Spike half a dram mix them with the Oyl or Oyntments mentioned or with Wax make an Oyntment Or this Take Snakeweed or Tormentil roots Cypress-nuts Acorn cupps or Gall each half an ounce Myrtle leaves red Roses Pomegranate flowers each two drams Myrtle seeds Sumach or Berberries Coriander seed prepared each one dram Water-cresse seeds or Cummin seeds steeped in Vinegar half ae dram of all the Sonders Roots of Galangal each half a dram Gum Arabick or Dragach one dram make a Pouder mix it into an Oyntment as the former Another proper Pouder for an Oyntment Take Red Coral two drams I vory one dram and an half Goats or Harts Horn Runnet of a Kid or Hare each one dram make a Pouder You may add the Pouder of a Turtle baked mix them as the former Oyntments are made more Compound of the Pouders aforesaid mixed with Oyls c. Cerots alsd and Emplasters may be made of the same either simple or more compound to be spread upon Leather and laid on at night and at other times with more Wax and Rosm to make them stick The usual Oyntments are that of the Conutes and the Emplaster against Ruptures Or we may use that Application which we mentioned to stop the Courses like an Oyntment or Plaister it begins thus Take Roots of Snakeweed or Tormentil c. Some commend Amulets or things to hang about the Neck as Eagle Stones which hath a Stone within that rattleth if it be tyed to the left Arm bare or tyed first in Calfes skin which is thought to provoke the Birth if tyed to the Foot and to hinder it if to the Arm or under the Breasts Others commend the Jasper or Lapis Lazuli to be hanged about the Neck or Mallows Pellitory Tormentil with the Roots The course of Life which a Woman must use to prevent Miscarriage consists in temperate Air let her beware of Heat and Baths let her eat meat of good Juyce temperate let her drink small red wine and water let her take heed of sharp or hot things pot Herbs or Spices or bitter things which hurt the Child from things of strong Scent as Saffron and the like which move the courses or provoke Abortion as we shewed in the Causes Let her take heed of Passion of Mind and violent Exercise Let her either rest or walk gently Let her not often use man Let her Body be kept from costiveness And let her abstain from all things that may breed Diseases in the Child as convulsions and let her keep a good Diet. If the parts that constitute the Body that be sent forth are noble it is deadly The Cure of Parts taken from the body as the Brain Lungs Liver Spleen when otherwise it hinders the Functions and when these parts are quite gone these cannot be renewed therefore we use no other Cure but to the solution of continuity as the wound contusion or ulcer as we shewed in the Functions Hurt of those Parts CHAP. II. Of the Falling and Sticking forth of Parts The Kinds THe Falling and Sticking forth of Parts is preternatural although they be not quite separated from the Body because they are removed out of their place outwardly Those Stickings forth of parts which come from Fractures or Dislocations because the parts are not then in another place or out of the Body but only stick out and so cause a Deformity are shewed in the Diseases of Deformity When a part is removed and yet not fallen off The comming forth of Parts as when the Guts and Cawle come forth it is seen by the Tumor and therefore we spake thereof in Tumors The comming forth of parts from the Body when they appear to the Eye are of the womb Fundament Stones the Eye or Tongue The Womb or Matrix falls through the Privities far somtimes The comming forth of the Womb. and then you may see the Neck turned thick and rough and white for the most part though red in some places and it is swollen and stops all the Privities hanging down a span in length like a bag sometimes less and the bottom of the womb is seen and its orifice reddish and like Blood with swollen Lips as I have often diligently observed Sometimes the Womb falls down a little above the Privities or into them The falling down of the Womb. and comes not forth
and is to be felt only or it only hangs out a little and grows forth more and more except it be prevented and this is called the Descending or Falling down of the womb And if Inflammation or Corruption happen not when the womb hath long been forth and ill ordered there useth to be no great accidents but filth hinderance in walking and a sense of weight so that the Belly and Loyns seem to be drawn down but otherwise if the woman can put it up again as usually it is she may use a man and conceive and go out her time without the Falling of it down while she is with Child The Fundament externally like a purse internally is made of the end of the Muscles of the strait Gut The Falling out of the Fundament if it be let more forth then at the time of going to stool is usual and cannot be put up again into the Body but remains outward with some part of the Fundament it is called the Falling down of the Fundament Somtimes it is without any other Disease as when by straining it comes forth and continues longer or shorter and comes of it self or with little trouble into its place again Somtimes though it be put up it presently especially at the stool comes forth again this is usual in Children and somtimes in Men. Somtimes the strait Gut falls down and swells so that it cannot be put up or with much difficulty Sometimes it is red and inflamed and will endure to be touched that it may be put up Sometimes it falls out without sense The Looseness of the Fundament and cannot be drawn up at will this is called the Palsie of the Fundament We have seen the Codds open and the Stones hang far out The Falling out of the Stones The Eye cannot hang far out of its place as we shewed in Deformity The Falling out of the Eye and if it stick far out it is called the Falling out thereof The Tongue sometimes hangs out of the mouth The comming forth of the Tongue and this is called the hanging forth of the Tongue The Causes The Cause of the comming forth of the Guts Cawle Womb Fundament Eye or Tongue is either from some opening and the Rimme of the Belly or weakness and dissolving of the Neck of the womb or the turning of the Fundament or strait Gut outward or the loofening of the knitting of the Eye or Tongue or a wound of the Codds By the opening of the Rimme of the Belly which keepeth the Guts and Cawle in the same if the Guts or Cawle fall through the opening then there is a Rupture or Falling out of which we spake in Tumors And this opening of the Rimme is either when it is broken or dilated The Falling forth of the Guts and Cawle is from the breaking of the Rimme of the Belly The Cause of the rupture of the guts called Enterocele and of the Cawle called Epiplocele that causeth the Swelling called Hernia or Rupture of which there are divers sorts according to the Diversity of Parts where they fall for if it be in the Groin and in the male-kind so that the Rim be open which covereth the Stones and seminary Vessels the Guts get through the opening and so lye under the skm which is called Enterocele and sometimes into the Codds and cause a great Swelling when much falleth down or when they are stretched with wind or with Excrements And if they be hard it is selt and if there be wind they make a noise being pressed And if the Guts stay there and cannot be put up because they are stretched and rouled together because the Passage of the Excrements is stopped they are thrown up again But if part of the Cawle fall into the Groin by the aforesaid it is called Epiplocele and the Tumor remains there not going lower because the Cawle being short and scarce reaching beyond the Bone of the Privities cannot fall so low as the Guts except some part of it be broken when the Rimme is broken and then it may fal into the Codd which cannot be put up again We saw one in the Groin very big which we knew was the Cawle by feeling of it to be unequal with Knobs of hard Fat which we knew was broken by the quantity or relaxed as we shall shew but being without pain it was neglected and the Patient lived not long after If the Rimme be broken in the groin of a Woman The breaking of the Rimme is the Cause of the Rupture in the Groins of Women where a certain Vessel passeth by it outwardly in the Groine then there is the Rupture called Enterocele or Gut-rupture in Women which is sometimes very great And if the Cawle fall there which is longer in Women then in Men the Tumor is larget then in Men and is called Epiplocele or Cawle-rupture But if the Rimme be broken in another part of the Belly and the Guts The Cause of Navel-rupture or the Cawle get there under the skin if it be in the Navel it is called Omphalocele Navel-rupture or Exomphalocele or Rupture about the Navel if in any other part it is called Hernia or Rupture which you may know by touching whether it be the Guts for then they will make a noise but the cawle will not and the Guts make a larger Tumor then the Cawle The Rimme is broken either by a Stroak or Fall or vehement Leaping or Vaulting into a Saddle as I have observed Also by great straining when the Belly is pressed by the Muscles in Labour or Travail with Child or going to stool also in Children by crying Also by a cut when the skin is healed and the Membrane left open or the like A Portion of the Guts or Cawle may fall down The Dilatation of the Rimme is the Cause of ruptures only by the enlarging or dilating of the Rimme of the Belly by which the Seed Vessels descend into the Codds This comes not speedily but by degrees with often straining for when the Guts are carried to the enterance of the Rimme of the belly they work themselves through or break through when the force is great And that this may be so and that the enterance of the Rimme of the Belly may be so dilated and opened without breaking it appears in that more narrow and thick parts may be so enlarged as the Ureters through which a Stone falls down as we shewed And this we have seen to be by degrees And in a Rupture-dropsie when after Death we opened him we found a round hole not cut or broken by which the Guts fell into the Codds by which that thin part of the Gut which is above the blind Gut was carried to the bottom of the Codd which was full of Water and it grew firmly to the Rimme in the whol Passage and the Patient while he lived and was in Health otherwise voided his Excrements orderly and complained of no pain
Fernelius who distinguisheth this Passage of the Rimme into that which is internal and that which is external faith that in the Gut-rupture and cawle Rupture the inward Rimm or Skin must needs be broken and the outward only enlarged It may be he meant that it was so in Women that these Ruptures came from the Relaxation of the Rimme of the Belly in the Groin where they have as we shewed a peculiar Vessel For he saith that there is a Tendon sent from the Groine to the Rimme of the Belly which strengthneth it and so also the Guts and cawle But in regard that Vessel is not so membranous and thin as the enterance of the Rimme but is nervous and hard and therefore is not so easily enlarged the Guts or Cawle cannot fall into the Groin by the relaxing thereof except it be broken When the Rim of the Belly is enlarged without being broken The cause of Navel-rupture is the enlarging of the Rim of the Belly there there may be a Navel-rupture also and this appears because in great straightness especially of Woman in travail the Navel often swells by the Guts through straining sent chiefly to that part of the Rim where there is a short Passage in the Navel which appeared at the birth in the Navel string and after grew together and there distending or stretching the Rim and when the straining is over and the stretching the swelling goes clean away and returns no more which would not be if it came from the breaking of the Passage for which cause as we perceive plainly that the Navel-rupture continues not so we may collect that the Rupture which remains comes from the Rim of the Belly so stretched by the Causes aforesaid that it cannot return which cannot be in other parts of the rim of the Belly but that in the Groine without a breaking thereof From the Dissolving or Division of the Neck of the Womb The cause of the falling out of the Womb is the dissolving of the connexion of the Neck thereof from the parts unto which it is knit comes the Falling out thereof For the Womb being chiefly held up by its Neck upon which it resteth and unto which it grows firmly and in other parts being free from all connexion or joyning that it may better dilate and enlarge it self in Conception except on each side a little and that loosely to the Rimme of the Belly it cannot be that it should fall all to the Privities except the Neck thereof which is so fastned thereto that it cannot be separated do also follow And because this cannot be without the rending of the fibrous Connexion which is made by the Neck and Parts adjacent The immediate cause of the Falling of the Womb must be the dissolving of the Connexion of the Neck thereof And if this dissolving be in some part onely near the womb the womb will hang down in the Privities with some part only of the Neck turned but if the Neck of the Womb be wholly separated from the parts under it then the Womb will all hang forth with the Neck turned inside outward and the womb will not be so turned in the bottom but as it was when in the Belly the Orifice onely being open drawing with it the Membranes and the Rimme which is joyned to them with the Vessels and Stones And this may be without a Rupture only from the Looseness of the Membranes which can stretch much as we see in Dropsies when the Belly is swollen how the Rim thereof is stretched although the womb hath been long down as appears in that when it is put up again Women may conceive which could not be if the Vessels were divided from it The womb it self causeth chiefly this Separation of the Neck of it from the Fibers or small Veins by which it is joyned to the parts adjacent though not strongly and therfore it may be without great hurt or bleeding when it is forcibly so drawn down that it brings the Neck with it either suddenly or by degrees when there is less force first tearing the Veins next to it and then turning out the neck downward which hanging forth makes it fall more down by degrees through the weight thereof The womb is thus driven down by great and often straining The forcible untying of the Neck of the Womb is the cause of the wombs Falling down by blowing the wind or otherwise which presseth downward the Guts and Womb especially in a womans throws in child-birth when the travail is hard and the womb gets too much downward with the Child and the rather when the Child getting through with difficulty thrusts the Neck of the Womb down and so untieth it from the Veins Or if the Secundine or after Birth sticking still to the womb be so driven by the Midwife that the womb is driven down also with the Neck thereof For these Causes after Child-bearing the womb falls down and those Women which have often brought forth and endured such Midwives are presently troubled therewith or when they grow old The same may come from Leaping or the like Shaking of the Body and the Womb may hang out thereby Also from the Neck of the Womb it self besides when it is pull'd away by the Womb there may be a Falling out of the same when it is separated by Force from the parts beneath by violent and frequent Copulation as in Harlots which are continually rubbed or from some Corruption in the Neck by which we once saw the womb fallen out Also from other Causes this Falling down of the womb can scarce proceed As for the looseness of the Ligaments or of Muscles by which some thought the Womb did hang which they say comes from the Force mentioned and by which the womb is driven down or from the plenty of Humors that wet the Membranes We since there are no such Muscles because as we shewed the womb must be free and Membranes so loosned that they may follow the womb nor so fast tyed as they ought to be if the womb hang by them cannot grant the Falling out of the womb to be from the looseness thereof For although the womb be loosned and the Vessels stretcht beyond their bounds yet can it not fall through the Privities except the Neck be separated also which only holds it in Nor can the breaking of the Membranes be the Cause as some say because we found in the Anatomy of a Woman whose Membranes were putrified and consumed long before her death as appeared by a Flux of stinking matter that the womb moved not out of its place but was firm As for the watery Humor which they say causeth the Falling out of the Womb we shewed that it could not do it by moistning the Ligaments and now declare that in Women that have the Dropsie in whom the womb and its Membranes swimms in water the womb falls not out yet it may come to pass in the Whites that the neck of
Fennel seeds And to these if you add of Vitriol and Allum each one ounce or more it will be stronger of which alone with Bole and burnt Plaister of Paris you may make a Fomentation Some commend the Liquor sound in the Leaves of an Elm. Cutting is the last Remedy which is proper in the Rupture and Loosness of the Rimme of the Belly and when the skin is laid open you may lay hold upon and bind the Rim yet because it is dangerous and painful it is to be used only when all other things fail and then not rashly and except the Tumor is very troublesom and slips out easily and is exceeding painful and we fear least when the Guts are out they cannot be put in again Otherwise it is better to use a Truss which with little trouble takes away pain and danger This cutting is said to cure Ruptures for the skin being open in the Groine the Mouth of the Rimme being torn or broke nor relaxed may be bound together and the Passage so stopt and held together by the string till the flesh grow up least the Membrane should open again being united which will not grow together And this cutting will cure other Ruptures although in other places the Rimme is not so easily laid hold on and tyed yet the flesh that grows may stop the Passage That this may be done handsomly in the Groine where it is most usual after you have implored the Assistance of God because it is is dangerous you must place the Patient upon a table with his Face upwards and so tye him that his Head may be lower then the rest of his Body and his Feet higher And if the Guts be in the Groine or Codd they must first be put up and the tumor pressed down and after the skin must be drawn up and out in the length of the Groine and you must take hold of the Passage of the Rimme which descends from thence into the Codds and contains the Seed Vessels and separate it by drawing or cutting from the parts adjacent to which it cleaveth and tye it strongly with a hempen thread leaving the ends of the thread hanging out and you must cut off the Passage below the thread and pull it away with the Seed Vessels and the Stone that grows thereto Then you must place him upon a Bed and lay him upon his Back to rest till the Wound be cured which is done as other wounds with washing and good Ligature And it will not be amiss before you cut to put the Patient into a mollifying Bath that the Guts may be better put up and for the better success in cutting Also this cutting may be without Gelding which all desire if the Chyrurgion be a good Anatomist and can so tye the Passage separated from the Seed-vessels that no other part be tyed therewith Some have attempted this by a prick without cutting they pierce the upper part of the Codd with a long Needle through the Passage of the Rimme of the Belly and draw a thread after it and so say that they can stop the Passage by tying of the thread and cure the Patient without loss of Stone or Seed-vessels I have often heard that a Rupture might be cured without cutting but while I write these things there came to me very seasonably a French Surgeon which I saw performed the Cure with good success by this way And being it is without pain or but with very little and without loss of Blood it is the best and safest way And in regard the Vessels may better be seen and felt without Blood it is the best way for males to prevent Gelding He applied a potential Cautery a little above the stone on the Rupture side where the passage of the Rimme goes into the Codd so large that it mortified the skin half a fingers length and breadth making an Eschar or Scab which he took off and applied another Cautery till the skin was all taken away and the sat appeared which he cut off so that he could perceive the passage that carried the Seed-sessels This being done in two dayes time he handsomly separated the Vessels from the passage and with a crooked Needle conveighed a thread underneath and so gently tyed the passage without pain and after the thread fell off in time he with incarnative or flesh-breeding Medicines produced a Callus or Hardness which grew the better to the passage because the second skin to the Testicles called Erythrois is red fleshy and musculous And so by pressing down and filling up the place where substance was lost he stopped the passage by which the Guts came forth and so he performed the Cure perfectly and happily without Gelding And I understood by Letters he brought to me that he had cured divers the same way In other parts you may not use cutting or burning for a Rupture as in the Groine because you cannot so easily lay hold of the Rimme of the Belly and bind it yet it may help somtimes especially because proud Fesh will sooner grow while a wound is healing as I shewed And this must be done when the Patient is upon his back by an Incision upon the tumor or a Caustick and by other Applications for the Cure Somtimes the Womb and neck thereof falls out of the Body The Cure of the Falling out of the Womb. when the Connexion of the Neck is dissolved as we shewed which can scarce be repaired and then the Cure is difficult and if it be old because the parts separated are grown hard and cannot be closed it is impossible The greatest hope is when the Womb is not quite fallen out but hangs in the passage especially when it is deep for then the small Veins are less divided Nevertheless for the Cure perfectly or imperfectly first you must consider the Cause and then the Disease The Cause of Falling out of the Womb must first be removed by keeping them at rest or with little motion and from immoderate Venery and preventing neesing coughing and roaring And if she be with child give her things to help the Birth when it is at hand And let her Body be alwaies kept soluble by Meats and Medicines to avoid straining And it is better to purge so then to use moistning Diets which cause the Ligaments to be loose and the Womb to fall out And if the womb be moist or she have the Whites you may give strong Purges to take away the slipperiness of the part which causeth the womb to fall forth Those Medicines are drying also as we shewed in the Cure of the Whites otherwise purging or bleeding do little good for taking away the Cause except to keep the Body clean The Cure of the Disease which is twofold namely the Dislocation of the womb and the neck thereof and the solution of Continuity is to put the womb into the right place and keep it there and to unite it to the Parts from which it is divided The womb
of the Nose that come from the jugular Vein that ascendeth by the Jawes to the Brain being opened by Anastomosis cause an Haemorrhagy The Cause of this Anastomosis is the plenty of blood which Nature desires to discharge by these tender Veins in that place of the Nose which are more easily opened in Men who have no easier Passage for it For that Evacuation which they have by the Haemorrhoids which is seldom and but in some is onely of that blood which is in the branches of the Gate-vein But in Women if they be so full of blood that it cannot be sufficiently discharged by the menstrual Veins of the womb or when the Terms are stopped Nature doth often send it forth by the Nose And this Haemorrhagy though it be not usual yet it is Natural except it be immoderate Also when Blood is too hot it opens the Veins of the Nose either when it is so hot by Nature or by Motion Sunning or Baths Or if it be inflamed in hot Diseases of the Head or Feavers it breaks forth at the first or in the heighth of the Disease by Crisis or judicially Also thin blood and more watery and mixed with Choller which sooner pierceth the Mouths of the Vessels causeth bleeding at the Nose Hence in evil Habit Dropsies and Jaundies although blood abound not this bleeding may be But if more Causes agree the Flux will be the greater And this is oftner and greater if the Veins be loose by Nature or often purging Also it flows and is increased by force as violent and often blowing of the Nose which opens the Veins by force of the blood thither If the Veins in the Neck of the Womb that come from the hollow Vein be opened by Anastomosis there is great Effusion of blood For as when these open at their set time they cause the Natural Flux of the Terms so when they open at other times they cause a prâ—â—â— natural Flux which is immoderate or the like which is unseasonable but like to the Courses which we mentioned before When the Mouths of the Veins are open by plenty of blood sent thither in a Plethory and they bleed sooner and oftner which is unseasonable or when they bleed at the appointed time but immoderately Or when the blood there by its Heat and Thinness opens the Mouths of the Vessels and causeth an immoderate Flux Or when Nature discharging her self by this way of Superfluities with the Blood at the time of the Courses or otherwise causeth this unusual and large Flux In which the Blood is sometimes watery and somtimes impure But this Flux is greatest when much blood either pure or impure is in the Veins of the Womb from the long stoppage of the terms and suddenly breaks forth and so enlargeth the Mouths of the Veins by its violence that blood is not only out of the womb but other great Vessels which supply and the Body left as it were without blood And as this is in the Veins of the Neck of the Womb so it is in those of the bottom thereof in Women that have had their Courses long stopped which swells their bellies as we shewed in Tumors and when they open suddenly they cause a dangerous Flux Somtimes there is a Flux of Blood from violence when the Mouths of the Veins of the Neck of the Womb are only opened without Solution of Continuity And this is often at the first Copulation not by reason of the skin called Hymen being broken as they suppose because a Membrane hath no blood and if it came from thence it should be torn away But which is more probable it is from that sudden and strong enlarging and dilating of the Orifice of the womb or from the Rubbing of the Neck of the Womb which it hath not felt before that the menstrual Veins are a little opened and send forth blood like the Courses or at least some Sprinklings Also there may be a Flux of Blood at the womb from Medicines that open the Veins thereof especially if they be strong or things put into the womb as Pessaries c. And there may be an immoderate Flux after Child-birth from the Causes that the Terms over-flow and as it is Natural to have the Vessels open and bleed so it is preternatural when the quantity is too great or the blood too thin As the Haemorroids come Naturally from the opening of those Veins which come from the branches of the Gate-vein yet they flow not so as the Terms by which it is necessary that that blood in women that are fit to conceive which is laid up for the nourishing of a Child should be avoided every month till they do conceive but onely then when the blood in the Meseraicks aboundeth or is hot and chollerick as we shewed in the Causes of intermitting Feavers that Choler is chiefly increased and aboundeth there not carried into the hollow Vein or purged by the Gall and therefore is sent forth by the Fundament which is near and which is ordained for other Evacuations also So when these Veins are too open or too long closed Nature being provoked by the plenty of blood or the Heat thereof or by Choler which may cause great Diseases endeavors to make an immoderate Flux and the rather when the Veins are so open that they cannot close themselves From which Cause I shewed you that two very Learned Men who lived a sedentary Life and procured the Haemorroids by Art were brought to such a violent Flux which could not be stopped but caused their Death But if Nature being moved neither by Repletion or Impurity of blood but by other Causes doth send forth good Blood from the Meseraicks without Necessity this Flux will be preternatural neither usual nor profitable By the opening of the Veins of the skin blood cannot flow through it or the Pores nor by the Rarefaction or Diapedesis of the skin can blood strain through the like Sweat because it is thither and the Pores very little except the skin be divided but if it be under the skin with the Sweat there it stayes and causeth the Hypochyma or Suffusion of Blood which I spake of And although as I shewed in the Boy with the Dropsie it was sprinkled about the body yet it past not through the skin but stuck in the Pores and this is very rare There are many Fluxes of blood that come from the Solution of Continuity in divers parts The dividing of the veins in the Eyes ears Yard Womb Fundament Skin is the cause of Bleeding which differ in that Respect If the Tunicles of the Eye be rubbed when they itch or divided the Veins may be hurt and they may bleed though but a little Also they may bleed from the hurting of the horny Tunicle For I observed in a Boy that had a piece of sharp Glass in the Pupilla of his Eye which I drew forth that the blood was discussed without any hurt If the inward Veins of the
Injection to heal Take Roots of Comfrey one ounce and an half Horstayl and Plantane each one handful Litharge six drams boyl them in Iron-water and in one pint thereof dissolve Honey of Roses or Sugar of Roses two ounces Turpentine one dram dissolve it in the Yolk of an Egg for an Injection Or thus Take the white Troches of Rhasis half a dram Lapis Calaminaris Tuity burnt Lead Bole each a dram dissolve them with convenient Liquor or Milk or Whey Another Take Ceruss half an ounce Lytharge two drams Tutty prepared three drams Starch one ounce make a Pouder and inject it with Water or drop it into the Nut or head of the Yard A good Water for an Injection Take Comfrey roots half a pound Roots of Snakeweed Tormentil each two ounces ten Heads of Daffodil roots Horstayl and Plantane each two handfuls Tops of St. Johns-wort with the Flowers two pugils Allum one ounce Honey of Roses as much as is sufficient twelve Eggs beaten if the Herbs be dry sprinkle them with Plantane-water and distil them all If you add to these Injections some Drops of Spirit of Vitriol or of Salt they will be stronger And if these spirits be used alone with Whey they will cleanse and heal The Balsom of Suphur invented by Roland doth cleanse and heal excellently These may be dropped into the Yard if the Ulcer be not too deep as also Juyces They put some Oyntments also as Pompholygos with a wax Candle which is better then other Instruments because it will bend better in the crooked Passage But you must remember that you tye it with a thread least it should get into the Bladder and the Oyntment go beyond the Ulcer The distilled Oyl of Henbane dropp'd into the Yard doth asswage pain You must anoint the seam or suture between the Stones and the Fundament and soment it when there is heat and it will be felt within and the Passages must be loosned with Oyntments mentioned in the Ulcer in the Neck of the Bladder to which add Opium if the pain be great Anoint also the part with Oyntments there mentioned to heal the Ulcer And let the Diet be as there menâ—ioned The Excretion of slimy Matter from the Yard without Urin The sure ofe Uâ—cer in the Neck of the Bladder the slimy Matter and in Women from the Urin-passage is cured as that of the Stone and Matter with Injections which cleanse the slimy Matter and if it stick in the Yard it must be drawn out Or if you put the Yard into a hollow Raddish the matter will be drawn forth The Matter which comes from the Womb The Cure of the ulcer in the womb the matter that slows from it as also from other parts of the Body is to be cured as the Ulcer of the womb When it flows by any other Orifices from any internal filthy Ulcers which lye deep in the Body and are made of Imposthumes that break or are opened you must cleanse and heal As we shewed in Ulcers Imposthumes and Wounds And we shewed in the Cure of Empyema how you should order the Matter that flows from the Breast after Incision CHAP. VII Of Excretion or Voiding of Water The Kinds VVE call that a watery Excretion when a moist Humor thicker or thinner made of the Excrements of Flegm or of that which is Natural and crude and of the Serum or Whey mixed together so that the one is more then the other floweth forth Which Excretion is preternatural chiefly when it is much and often and corrupted or comes not out at the proper place This comes from divers parts besides that of Spitting Vomiting Pissing and Purging Of which shall be spoken in their places Tears flow from the Eyes often which are like Whey Tears or Serum or Flegm mixed with water they break out in sound people especially in Children and doting old Men from a small Cause and in others from a great Passion of Mind And therefore are not counted preternatural But when they are troublesom and of long Continuance in some Diseases of the Head and Eyes they are Symptomes of the same Some Tears are hot and sharp others cold There is often water from the Nose which is natural The dropping at the Nose because it is by the right way but when it aboundeth it is preternatural And it is in some from whose Nose water flows like tears and a drop hangs at the end of it Or it is like slimy Flegm which being usual in children is counted less noisom then in Men. The same is in the Kind of Defluxion called Coryza Coriza or Pose there falls at the first a thin moist Humor constantly actually cold sometimes hot and sharp that makes the Nose smart and provokes Neesing and causeth Tears inflamming and corroding the Nostrils and Lips with great Spitting Hawking and Coughing somtimes And this Humor at the last is thick white or of another Colour The same happens in other Diseases of the Head and Defluxions As was shewed There comes a water out at the Ears thin or thick somtimes Water from the Ears but seldom And a certain Maid had divers measures of water that flowed from her Ear without any other hurt It is usual in Women to have the white Flux The Flux of the womb or the Whites And because it useth to come when women are past their Courses they are called the white Terms But these use to be out of order and with women that have their Courses and last more or less time And somtimes they trouble such as have their Courses stopped As those who are past them and are in old Women In Virgins it is but seldom and often in women with Child Somtimes this Flux is of water and very much and clear and milk somtimes sharp or salt yellow green or black somtimes mattery stinking Sometimes it is mixed with Flegm that is tough without scent cold and little or as much or more then the water If this Flux be immoderate there is no other accident and both Wives and Virgins have it many months and years without hurt But if it be immoderate there is an evil Habit of Body therewith Also Faintness and Weakness also Barrenness in some although it hinders not some If the matter befoul there is an Itching Pricking and Heat in the Privities And it is very noisom when it stinks and makes the Husband loath her Usually there sweats a whey or water out of the Pores of the skin Preternatural Sweat it is Natural and common to all Complexions but it is preternataral when it is too much or soul as it is in Diseases and somtimes without There is too much Sweat without a Disease when it is caused oftner then it should be or continued longer so that they faint and if it be often they grow faint The Sweat is evil when it stinketh This is somtimes al over the Body or in the parts as Feet as we shewed
Passages are loosned As we shall shew in the Whites that water and flegm comes from the Veins As we shewed that the Terms come from the veins of the neck of the womb A moist Humor coming from the Veins to the neck of the Womb is the Cause of the Whites so the Whites come from the same and not from the Cavity of the womb as some dream because that is so narrow that it cannot hold such a quantity as usually floweth neither can it be contained therein or pass through the veins which are small and are not enlarged till the woman be with Child as it may through the Veins of the neck of womb which are larger And this is when this excrementitious Humor is mixed with blood or with the terms which makes it ill-coloured or after the terms are gone when it presseth by the same wayes they did for which Cause it is called the white Terms And this may be at other times when Nature is burdened both in such as have or such as are past their Courses As it is somtimes in women with Child In whom in regard the inward Orifice of the womb is closed it cannot flow from the cavity of the womb but from the neck and in them who are not with Child it is the same Nor is it a wonder that nature should purge these Excrements by the same way that blood is evacuated because she doth the like in other Vessels ordained for other Evacuations And the reason why they are white and without Blood is because Nature dischaâ—geth them at that time when there is no blood to be sent forth As also because Nature separates the blood from the Impurity and keeps it and sends out the Excrements as noxious Which Excrements if serous or watery come from the whey if flegmatick from crude blood if mattery from blood stained And if other Humors be mixed as yellow green or black Choller it is discoloured therewith And if they be sharp or the whey salt then by pricking and burning in the Parts to which it sticketh it causeth Itching and sense of Heat and if it continue long ulcerateth But when it is alone it flows without sense like water or the white of an Egg beaten nor is it then noxious except it be immoderate The Cause of these Excrements in the Blood which feed this Flux is that which is eaten or taken in and the weakness of Concoction and of those Bowels which separate the Excrements as in a Cachexy of which we spake sufficiently These Excrements are sent forth by nature when she is burdened and the sooner if there be weakness of the womb as may be from divers Causes and also from this Moisture which wets and cools the Part. As also when Nature is stirred up to expel them by other means As we have known women who never had the whites before after they have taken a Purge which stirred up Nature have had them And many have had the same by sitting long in a Bath not from Infection as they have thought from other that were in at the same time But Nature throwing out Excrements by bathing doth cause the whites which are too thick to be sweated forth That water which is swet forth through the whol Body is serous Serous Matter getting through the Pores is the Cause of Sweat and mixed with blood gets into the Superficies of the Body by an obscure solution of contiguity of the skin it goes through the Veins This Solution of Contiguity comes from the opening of the Pores or Anastomosis or Rarefaction of the Skin or Diapedesis For then the Serum being very thin passeth through the Pores of the skin and causeth Sweat being either drawn or driven thither Serum or water is attracted by Heat external for then that with the Blood is snatched to the superficies of the body and goes through the skin as water is distilled from Plants as I shewed And the rather when the water is made thin and hot that it may pierce And if there be plenty or if it be thin sharp or cholerick it will be more easily drawn out by the heat And as Heat doth cause a Natural sweat so if it be vehement or long it is preternatural This Heat is from Exercise or Baths dry and moist and the immoderate use of these causeth immoderate Sweats Therefore Baths are said to weaken In Diseases as Feavers though the whol Body burn yet it scarce sweats till Nature expells the Cause thereof by sweat which is in intermitting Feavers when the heat ceaseth in the day of rest and in continual Feavers when they decline For when the Body is hot and Nature is busie in the Concoction of the Cause of the Disease it cannot be sent forth by sweat but when it is prepared and made thin it may Nature drives water to the Superficies of the Body where it is burdened therewith and then the expulsive Faculty labours to cast it out by sweat Nature is burdened when the quantity or quality of the Serum is offensive when it is too much in the Veins for want of Evacuation by Urin then when it cannot be purged from the blood otherwayes it is sent forth or drawn forth by sweat Therefore they which piss little sweat much especially they that use moist Diet and drink much If it be offensive in quantity and be impure by mixture of other Humors and so burdensom to Nature it is sent forth by sweat as well as urin In Cacochymicks or Bodies of evil Juyce Sweats are not Natural but are stinking or clammy and somtimes discoloured now all over the Body and somtimes in some places only wherefore some sweat in their Hands and Feet and are filthy as we shall shew in Filth All these Sweats are evil and forerunners of Diseases If the Cause of a Disease be in the Blood part whereof is Serum as in Feavers Nature if she can find no other way as the Urin sends it forth by sweat And this if it comes kindly is healthful though it stink and be discoloured But if it be immoderate or not sufficient or at an unconvenient time when Nature is not prepared for Expulsion it is evil and unprofitable This is usual in Contagious Diseases Nature oftentimes sends forth the evil Quality with the Whey with Sweat which is sometimes healthful and somtimes deadly And if it come when Natural Heat begins to be extinguished and the Body is outwardly cold then a cold sweat will appear All which we have mentioned in such Diseases Also when Nature is moved by Passion and drives the Spirits inward or outward there will be sweat which will presently be cold if the heat go in as in a swounding and in the pangs of Death There follows a Flux of moisture from solution of continuity in any part of the Body Moisture getting into the openings of the skin is the Cause of the flux and if the skin be only scratched the water is little as
the Danger There is Vomiting of blood but seldom Vomiting of Blood in Diseases that have others joyned therewith and in women that want the terms in which blood is vomited alone or mixed with them somtimes more plentifully pure or mixed somtimes clodded and tough like Pitch and black somtimes like Ink which a famous Lawyer vomited in abundance and purged also Not only purging of blood but great Diseases follow this Vomiting There is also a Vomiting of Excrements by themselves or with Humors mentioned Vomiting of Dung when the dung of the belly which should be sent forth by stool is vomited at the mouth of which we shall speak when we treat of the wrong passage of the Dung. The Causes It is necessary in all Vomiting that the Stomach be troubled from whence the expulsive Faculty is stirred up to expel that which troubles it and throws out all or some part that is in the Stomach into the left upper Orifice and so into the Gullet by the help of the Midriff which is near to it This Vomiting is called the subvertion of the Stomach The stomach is thus affected either when it is troubled or oppressed or pricked And the sooner when the Cause is great or many meet or when the stomach hath a most exquisite sense and easily suffereth or loosned from an evil custom of Vomiting cannot so righty contain the meat and cannot contain them when they are too many or unpleasant The Cause of the troubling pressing or pricking of the stomach is either from external force or from things taken in or from the Humors Excrements and other things in the Stomach Outwardly the rubbing of the stomach The trouble oppression or pricking of the stomach either from outward force or things taken in is the cause of preternatural Vomiting or violent thrusting or bending forward or motion by Wagon or Ship especially after much eating or drinking or lying down after Drunkenness causeth Vomiting by disturbing the meat in the stomach The Finger or a Quill or the like thrust into the throat by tickling the tunicle of the mouth which consents with the stomach causeth it by labouring to expel what offends it to throw out whatsoever is contained therein From too much meat and drink especially wine the stomach being too full vomiteth and the rather if they offend the stomach And this may come from a Physical Diet. If things be taken that are loathsom they are vomited up again As unusual meats as we shewed in Loathing and such as Nature abhors or filthy and abhominable things either by chance or necessity the very conceit or imagination of which maketh some vomit Also ill-scented things as medicines especially Purges cause a Loathing and therefore are often thrown up again some meats are loathed not because they are unpleasant but because they are contrary to some Natures so that if by chance they be eaten they are spewed up again In many Diseases where meat is loathed any smell of Food flesh especially fat or roasted which is of it self pleasant is loathsom and they vomit it up Medicines taken that prick the stomach or burn it or that purge as Hairs cut or shavings of the Nails will provoke Vomiting and if they work long or violently they are the Cause of hurtful Vomiting Other vehement medicines especially purges do the same by troubling the stomach And they are vomited as soon as taken or when they begin to work they cause the pain at the Heart and so Vomiting But chiefly corroding medicines or poysons taken by chance or otherwise In which Vomiting whatsoever juyce humors or Excrements are in the stomach are thrown out together or a sunder But chiefly thin Choler as we see after the giving of Stibium or the like it hath been voided by basons full Which was not in the stomach or Guts before because there were no symptoms of it but it was forced by Nature from the Meseraicks through the violence of the medicine as we shall shew in Vomiting of Choler Besides many things swollowed by chance Choler pricking the Stomach is the cause of the vomiting thereof have caused Vomiting Among Humors and Excrements Choler is the chief cause of Vomiting either fasting or in Diseases of Choler And if it be clammy as that like yolks of Eggs or sharp as the green and black it pulls and burns the stomach and makes not only Vomiting but purging and the more if it be plentiful and sent to the Guts especially the thin Guts which are united to the stomach And it is greater or lesser as it is more or less offensive to the Stomach and Guts This Choler breeds in the stomach from meats which are too hot and of sharp cholerick Juyce or turns such by Corruption in the stomach As appears by the use of Cowcumbers and Melons as we shewed in the Disease of Choler Also Choler that is sent from the gall and corrupted may turn to such and cause the same Also when it hath been long in the Meseraicks till it corrupt Choler may get into those parts and cause the Disease of Choler As we shewed in the Causes of intermitting Feavers how it was gathered in the Meseraicks and of what it was made Somtimes vomit is raised from other Humors and Excrements which fill The Cause of Vomiting of Flegm is the fulness of the Stomach or Loathing or offend the stomach As from crude Juyce made of meat not well concocted which flowing in the stomack and filling it with wind compels it to vomit it up four for the most part Or from other sharp Juyces besides Choler made of the Corruption of meat Whence come Vomitings not long after eating or when Concoction is beginning Also Vomiting may come from any Flegm or from tough Matter in the Stomach long retained or from water which cause Loathing as we shewed in the Want of Appetite Or from other immoderate things especially if there be other evil Humors mixed These alone or with other Humors bred in the stomach or sent thither offending the stomach cause Vomiting in divers Cacochymicks and in Women that are with Child and want their Terms or others that have not conceived by reason of the filth stopped with the terms and in the beginning of Feavers and other malignant Diseases when the stomack consenteth or is hurt by them As we shewed in the Causes of these Diseases Blood getting into the Stomach by the Meseraick Veins which go through the same Vomiting of blood from the stomach filled with the blood from the meseraicks or rising from the Veins of the Guts is the Cause of Vomiting blood and as the Blood is so is the Vomiting somtimes watery filthy or black such as is laid up in the Meseraicks as we shewed in Feavers sometimes when it hath been long in the stomach it grows thicker Now it gets out of the Veins either from the plenty thereof as we shewed in the stopping of the Terms that Women with Child may
are some signs of a foul Body Somtimes it is with other Diseases as in thick Pissing when it is mattery slimy or like Milk with Urin for the Diseases of the Reins Bladder or other parts Also in the Ulcer of the Yard and Bladder matter is voided alone and Seed involuntary in a Gonorrhoea or Running of the Reins especially when it is venemous As we shall shew concerning them Somtimes symptoms of the Stone in the Bladder are with this Dysury as Itching about the Privities standing of the Yard sense of Heaviness about the Fundament into which if the Finger be thrust the Stone in the Bladder may be felt also straining with crude Urin sometimes thick and bloody and sometimes it is quite stopped There is often turbulent or thick pissing as of matter which settles in the urinal like a Pultis Thick Pissing and mixeth again with the urin when it is shaked and goes to the bottom again when it settleth It is somtimes white without scent somtimes stinking somtimes white Filmes do fly in the Urin as in the Ulcer of the Kidneys As we shall shew Somtimes it is without scalding but with heaviness and pain of the Reins somtimes with scalding They say that pissing of Matter may be from an Imposthum in the Liver which is rare and from a Pleurisie or Peripneumony or Empyema which is most rare and seldom There is another thick Pissing of Slime with the Urin which sticks to the bottom of the Urinal like Glew after the Urin is poudered out this is from the Ulcer of the Bladder and then there is also scalding of Urin. Also this slime is voided alone As we shall declare in the Excretions of the Yard without Urin. Another thick Pissing is like Milk Milkie Pissing and then there is a great white sediment at the bottom of the Urinal and is mixed with the urin when it is shaked I have observed this in my self and others somtimes for many daies and somtimes at certain hours especially at night after Exercise without other accident except heat in Pissing and straining after Pissing of Blood Pissing of blood is when the Urin is coloured like blood In which after settling there is a thick and black sediment This is often with other accidents in the Stone of the Kidneys and after violent Exercise also in the Stone of the Bladder And if there be an Ulcer there is Matter with Blood They who use the Catheter have often a little blood in the Urin. And they who have had a great 〈◊〉 or Stroak piss blood And they who have taken Cantharides or Spaâ—â—â— flies or the like Otherwise there is seldom Pissing of Blood Only in Feavers it may be a Crisis or for Judgment And I knew a Maid in a pestilential Feaver that pissed some chamber-pots full of blood before she dyed Also Bloodhath been pissed without a Disease As we shall shew in the Causes of all sorts of Pissing Blood There are also other kinds of preternatural Pissing Urin of a preternatural color or mixed As when the Urin is of another strange colour mixed with sand slime which shew Diseases or the approaching of them Of these we shal not speak because when the Disease is cured they vanish Here may be mentioned Urin with dung Urin mixed with dung bones or the terms as we shewed in the preternatural Voiding of Excrements of the Belly or with bones or the like which we spake of in preternatural Excretion Or with the Terms as we shewed in their preternatural Flux Somtimes the Urin flows another way as out of a Wound The Flux of urin by a Wound as in cutting for the Stone it flows at the Perinaeum till it be healed The same may be about the loins and lower parts of the Belly from a wound there As we knew one who made no Urin but at his Groins for many years The Causes The Cause of all preternatural Pissing as involuntary immoderate often little thick bloody dyed or mixed is from an evil custom or Disease in the Reins or Bladder as a hot Constitution or weak a cold or hot Distemper or forcing or solution of continuity or contiguity Or from a Disease by consent of the Bladder Or some Disease in a part like the Reins and Bladder Somtimes often pissing is from an evil custom An evil custom is the Cause of often Pissing for when Nature is not disordered by Diet she keepeth her order and time for voiding the Excrements of the belly And if you disorder her by any means or forcing it will not be seasonable Therefore Infants that have long pissed their beds are familarly troubled therewith an it continues with them when grown up which is unseemly Some kinds of Pissings come from the Constitution of the Reins and Bladder The Constitution of the Reins and Bladder As when there is exquisite sense in the bladder which being pricked by the urin sends it forth before the time And this may be the cause why Children piss a bed except they be raised at night And if to this exquisite sense there be a sharpness of Urin it will be rendered oftner and sooner scaul'd as shal be shewed A Natural Heat of the Kidneys may cause more Heat and weakness of the Kidneys is the cause of often Pissing and oftner Pissing because heat makes a sooner separation As also weakness when the retentive Faculty cannot retain the Urin long enough This is often from the Birth through want of heat or from the loosness and softness of the Vessels or from much drinking Or from immoderate Venery which weakens these parts When the Bladder is weak loose or soft there is often Pissing Or when it is over-stretched and too thin which is from the birth in some or from long retention of Urin in Assemblies Also strong Imaginations in a Dream may cause this when they dream they piss in a convenient place which stirres up the expulsive Faculty When the retentive Faculty is weakned by a cold distemper in the reins and bladder there is often Pissing A cold Distemper of the Reins is the Cause of often Pissing this is from external cold so cold at the Feet by consent of these parts may cause Pissing Many think that Diabetes comes from a hot distemper but the Reins are many times hot without that distemper And if the Reins were very much inflamed pissing would not be increased but diminished or suppressed and the attractive vertue rather destroyed then increased Moreover though there be Thirst and Consumption with the Diabetes or often Pissing yet it is not proved to come from the heat of the reins Because thirst may come from want of moisture through continual pissing And the heat of the whole Body cannot be kindled only from the heat of the Reins without an Inflammation whence pissing will be diminished neither can the Body be consumed thereby Therefore there is another cause of Diabetes which is seldom seen
prevented If every morning you wash with water Wine 〈…〉 a little Vinegar and rub the Teeth and after use Dentifrices if need require and then wash them again with the same If this should be done dayly as the Teeth need no less washing then the Hands they might be kept clean and sound til old age except some other accident and without these they cannot be kept clean white and uncorrupted Eating keeps the Teeth clean therefore on that side where the Teeth are rotten and they cannot shew is sooner infected and there are scales Therefore let them use to eat one both sides When meat fastned in the Teeth is picked out somthing is taken from the sides because it cannot be so easily come at when it is lodged within as when any filth is without Therefore it is good to dip the Tooth pickers made of wood as was shewed in Salt or Allum water You must take off the hard slakes with Iron Files or flegms for that purpose made broad or sharp CHAP. XIII Of the Voiding of Living Creatures The Kinds THere are some Living Creatures bred in the Body which are wholly besides nature as also the voiding of them And they are either Worms or Insects or Lice As for Fleas it is a doubt whether they be bred in mans body or not but no doubt they come from others There are divers kinds of Worms that come from divers parts of the Body Worms voided by Stool which are like other Worms The long worms are called Lumbrici Long Worms because they are like Earth worms They are round sharp at the both ends like Earth worms shewing neither head nor tail whitish and hard usual in Children They are voided more or fewer usually dead and somtimes alive Divers accidents accompany them the gentlest are pain of the belly gnawing at the Heart sighing a dry Cough Itching of the Nose therefore they rub it constantly grating of the Teeth restlessness heavy dreams which makes them suddenly awake and cry out The great accidents are greediness vomiting loosness Lientery Feaver Convulsion and Swouning The short worms that come from the Fundament are called Ascarides Arsworms they are round like Mites in Cheese or Worms in Ulcers These are voided alive with the Excrements with great itching and bring scarse any other accidents They reckon flat worms with these but because they neither live nor move as the other but are long membranes that grow in the body we shall mention them in other excretions Such Worms come also out at the mouths of Children in their sleep Worms comming out at the mouth and from others at other times causing Vomiting I cannot omit the mentioning of a monsterous worm very great behind the Head like a Canker worm hairy with a black shell like a beatle upon the back with many Legs like an Ear-wig voided by a souldier vomiting after long heart pains Some thought that worms breed in the Teeth within Worms of the Teeth being deceived by the smal Fibres found in broken teeth as in cavities of great bones Some thought them to be Nerves Others Wormes But they may be in hollow teeth The Lumbrici or long worms will come out at the Nose Worms in the Teeth or Mouth and cause itching Somtimes little worms have been blown out at the Nose from an Ulceration there A Bergen Physitian affirmed seriously to me that he saw a hairy worm with many Feet like an Ear-wig sneesed out at the Nose by a woman which a long time before felt a great Itching about her Fore-head It was shewed in Ulcers of the Ears that worms come forth with matter VVorms in the Ears VVorms coughed up VVorms pissed forth Some affirm that men in Consumptions have coughed up worms I saw a Man who had the Colick of whom I spake in the Colick that made Urin with infinite small worms like mites in cheese swimming alive therein which dying sanke down in a great lump to the bottom And I saw the same after in others And have since read of divers that have seen the same VVe shewed in verminous or worm Ulcers VVorms in Vlcers how they bred there VVe have seen in the bottom of the navel a long round worm Navel-wormes such as breeds in meal that thrust it self forth and drew in again Some affirm that the long worms of the Guts have come forth at an Ulcer which hath pierced through the Belly and Guts VVorms in a wound of the Belly It is reported that in some Diseases there are worms in the Arms Dracunculi or little dragons Leggs Thighs and sides called Dracunculi in high Dutch Mittfross But we leave the description of them to them that have seen them Besides these kinds of worms VVorms remaining inclosed in the Body others are bred in the Body where there is no passage for them to get out But after death are found in dissection or Anatomy of which neither the Patient that complained of other Diseases nor the Physitian knew These belong not to things voided or Excreta but to other accidents where they shall be spoken of Under the Heart it is reported that worms breed which prick and molest VVorms under the heart but they express not the part being deceived with those worms that rise to the mouth of the stomach and there molest the Heart For they cannot breed any where about the Heart or Pericardium or under it because it grows to the Midriff Lice come from divers parts of the Superficies of the Body Phtheiriasis or the lousie Disease and cause an Itching molestation which is called Phtheiriasis The kinds whereof are distinguished by the parts of the Body Lice breed most in hairy places Lice in hairy Parts especially the Head usually in Children and poor people and somtimes in other unclean persons When they are grown they are broad with many feet equal because they leap not but creep And they have a black spot in their backs sometimes The young ones are called Nits Somtimes they grow in the Beard and Eye-brows and cause Itching there But are little and are quickly routed from those small quarters Also in the Hair under the Arms VVorms that eat the Hair some teach that the Hair of the Head and Beard may be eaten and cleft with worms or lice scarce visible There are Lice found fastned to the skin about the hairy parts of the Privities Lice that grow to the skin or crab-lice that cause grievous itching and pricking and stick very fast Which the French call Morpions Or kil-Doves because they are like the Lice in Dove-cots that kill Pigeons We call them Crab-lice because they resemble the Crab-fish These somtimes creep into other parts and there stick in the skin There is a peculiar sort of Lice that breeds in the Palms of the Hands Hand-lice and in no other part except the Soles of the Feet under the skin which causeth a little
shewed the force in Elephantiasis And for Figgs they thought from the likeness of the seeds to Lice that they bred them but were deceived VVashing often with Lye rubbing and combing the Head is good to take away Grease and Dandrough and in other parts of the Body VVe use strong Dryers and Cleansers to the Disease it self to kill the Lice and take away filth that breeds them which are bitter or sharper They cannot do it by being taken inwards But some eat Garlick or drink it with the Decoction of Organ to kill Lice and Worms And some Countrey-fellows eat Garlick to keep off the flies Outward things are best to kill them and take away Itching as Lotions for the Head and other parts As this Take Birthwort one ounce and an half Hellebore roots half an ounce Beets Arsmart Wormwood Horehound Tamarisk Tops of the lesser Centaury each one handful Staphisager Lupins each half an ounce Berries of the Spindle-tree and Agarick two drams boyl them in Lye And wash the part affected It is stronger with Salt Allum or Niter or Vinegar especially of Squills When we wash the Head we use things proper for it as Bettony Sage French Lavender For Lice in the Eye-brows wash with Vinegar and Aloes and Salts A Pouder to drive Lice from the Hair Take Staphisager two drams Salt three drams Aloes one dram Cinnabar two drams The Oyntment also of Quick-silver mentioned is best here for it kills infaillibly all sorts of Lice and Itch. It may be thus made Take Quick-silver one dram Turpentine two drams Hoggs grease Butter or Oyl six drams make an Oyntment Or instead of Quick-silver use two drams of Cinnabar which is made of Quick silver and Brimstone Or for the Lice in the Hands use one dram of Sublimate instead of Quick-silver There are other Oyntments of Staphisager and Grease Thus Take Staphisager half an ounce white Hellebore one dram and an half Pepper Niter each one dram Grease Butter or Oyl with a little Wax make a Liniment To these add some of that with Quick-silver or one dram of Sandarck The usual Oyntment in shops is this Take Staphisager white Hellebore Salt Quick-silver Hoggs grease Oyl of Bayes Soap and Vinegar Another Oyntment of bitter things Take Aloes two drams Myrrh Gum of Ivy each one dram Hogs gall or of an Ox one dram and an half Quick-brimstone Allum each one dram Oyl of Wormwood or bitter Almonds as much as will make a Liniment A Paste made of Ox gall or other Gall and Meal of Lupins and held in the Hands long kills the worms there The linnen Clouts that Gold-smiths use when they guild Silver with Gold and Quick-silver applied to the part kill Lice insaillibly The Fume of Henbane seed taken into the Palm of the Hands kills the worms there But we suppose it rather allayes the Itch as anointing with the Oyl of Henbane seed or Poppies or Syrup of Poppies or a little Opium dissolved in Aqua vitae Smoak your Cap with Tobacco and the Lice will be killed Also Tobacco ashes and Piss cureth Crab-lice The worms in the Hands are picked out with a needle not thrust in deep to wet the part and hinder the sight of them And then wash the Hands with Wine or Vinegar Salt Allum or Niter often A very fine Comb will take them out of the Head Or a rubbing Brush which is invented for that purpose with which Women daily cleanse their Childrens Heads CHAP. XIV Of the Voiding of living Creatures or Animata The Kinds THose Bodies are called Animate which live are nourished and grow like Plants and yet have no sense or motion They are preternatural and so is the Voiding of them These are chiefly from the Womb and the Fundament There is an insensible and unmoving Body called a Mole sent forth from the womb A Mole without shape being soft flesh without bones full of veins covered with a skin Somtimes it is more membranous and still without shape such as I saw voided by a woman through the use of a Pessary after eigteen years barrenness Somtimes it is like a Sea-star as I have seen and cast into the water to the great amazement of the Beholders and somtimes it is of other forms This casting forth of a Mole is like a mischance or abortion before or after the time with such striving and voiding of blood And the accidents before are like those of Women with Child We spake of the Tumor of the Mole and its accidents and causes in the Tumors of the Belly The like but seldom come from the Fundament The long Membrane from the guts called Fascia The broad worm or fillet of the Guts called Taenia of divers kinds One is like a long Ribband like the smal Guts as long as they but not hollow a fingers breadth this they cal a flat worm but it is a Taenia or Fillet of the guts nothing like a worm nor is it alive or moveth coming forth so long that the Patient is frighted least his Guts should come forth In which there are black stroaks a fingers space distant all a long like the Vertebrae or Spondils This Taenia The Gourd-worm though very long is of many little parts which may be divided and they are like the Seeds of Gourds and are so called from thence This is seldom whole but in pieces every one of which is called a Gourd-worm but they are only pieces of the long Fillet or Fascia There is another kind of Taenia as long as the rest The Ligula or round point from the Guts but not so broad round like a worm and even called Ligula or a point it moveth not seldom seen from men but usually from doggs whol or broken not coming forth till it be drawn out There are no accidents of this Disease but the sudden fright and the Patient is well Except there be a greediness before and a heaviness in the Belly And if any part remain and stink the Symptoms are worse then if worms died in the Belly The Causes The Cause of these Bodies breeding is either Seed or Chyle VVe shewed in the Swelling of the Belly Conceiving of imperfect Seed is the cause of a Mole that imperfect Seed caused a Mole And the cause of voiding it is that of Abortion the expulsive faculty of Nature burdned with the preternatural weight which divideth the Vessels by which it grows to the womb and sends it forth the proper way And the sooner when there is external help Of which we spake in Abortion As we shewed long worms bred of Chyle that is too thick or fat The Chyle is the cause of the Taenia and Gourd-worm so if it be so much that it be in the thin Guts from the Stomach to the Colon growing thereto that Membrane called a Taenia is caused This Chyle is not in the whole compass of the Guts but in some part as broad as it comes forth only there where the
we shewed in the Diseases of the Eyes Somtimes a stone as big as a pease hath been blown out at the Nose A Stone blown from the Nose white and brittle which we keep in the treasury of our Physical Rarities Not only I A Stone hawked forth but others have known stones to be hawked forth with a cough some white some brittle and hard round long or broad equal and unequal And a great difficulty of breathing hath gone before in which Disease as was shewed Stones are oftner kept then voided I keep by me some such that were voided by a comely widdow that was marryed to one in a Consumption that infected her Of which I spake she voided them with great pain and coughing Somtimes other Stones have come from the Mouth Stones under the Tongue In the Jawes Stones voided by stool as from a swelling under the Tongue called the Frog or from a swelling in the Jawes I keep at home a stone that was voided by stool and another that came forth of a Horse that dunged A famous Physitian of our time A stony Birth saith publickly in writing and told me that a Woman was delivered of a Child hard as a Stone Somtimes they grow in the Pores of the skin and are taken out Stones fixed in the Skin as in the Face I keep one by me that was taken out of the Sole of the Foot One had a little Stone taken out of the white of his Eye with a Needle Stones in the ball of the Eye and he brought it to me There are often scales which cover the Teeth Gravel upon the Teeth like Scales and they are chiefly about the Roots As we shewed in the Gout Stones from the knots of the Gout stones are often taken out of the Nodes thereof Stones are cut out of the Bladder by a Wound made in the Perinaeum Stones from the Bladder From a Wound in the Groyne Stones from the Fistula when a fleshy Rupture was cut which turned into a Fistula there came as I shewed Sand and Stones with the Urin a long time The Causes VVe shewed in the Pain of the Reins from the Stone that Sand and Gravel and Stones came from a earthy Matter and Flegm especially that which is mixed with water fastned in dry parts And when other earthy Matter is gathered and fixed in certain Excrements or parts it may do the same because we find by Experience that wood and bones out of the Body may be turned to stones and such are found in the Body And we shall now shew how they breed in divers parts of the Body As we shewed in the Causes of the Stone An earthy Matter in the Kidneys is the cause of the stone there comes sand and stones by urin from the Kidneys rather then other parts and they are from an earthy Matter fastned to them And they fall from thence into the Bladder by the Ureters and if they stay there as great stones do and increase by the earthy part of the urin Sand fallen into the Bladder the cause of pissing of Sand Stones there is the stone of the Bladder If they go farther they are pissed forth Otherwise they must be cut forth Which we shewed was done by chance from a wound in the Groine VVe shewed in Diseases of the Liver that Gravel might grow there The earthy matter of the Liver is the cause of Sand that is pissed of gravel by reason of the Serum that pierced into the Vessels from which it might pass with the Urin to the Reins and so to the Bladder but stones cannot pass that way Also Gravel is bred in the Eyes The sandy Matter in the Eyes is the cause of Gravel from water that continually moistneth them Or it is brought thither with tears if they be hot and sharp or earthy And in sound Eyes this sandy Matter is gathered in the Corners of the Eyes and Eye-brows at night when the Eyes are shut And in diseased Eyes if there be tears and heat as in Epiphora is shewed From the same Cause come little Stones when sand is fixed in the hard Tunicle of the Eye In the Cavities of the Nostrils from the Earthyness of the water and flegm Earthy Matter growing to the Nose which flows from the Brain proceeds the stone that was blown out For though stones are found in the Brain yet cannot they get that way through the narrow passages VVe shewed in Asthma the Cause of a Stone in the Lungs An earthy Matter in the Lungs is the cause of Stones VVhen Matter lyes long and grows hard in the Guts from the Serum which wetteth them with the Excrements The Cause of Stones in the Guts is thick matter that groweth in them a Stone may be caused there But it is not much regarded because it passeth with the Excrements without pain And this is probable to be in a man for I saw the same voided by a Horse Other things turned into Stone may be from an earthy salt Matter taken in and hardned with the Excrements The rare bringing forth of a stony Child The earthy salt Matter in the womb is the cause of a stony Child comes from an earthy salt Matter in the womb which turns it to stone even as other things are turned to stone out of the Body VVhen Earthyness is in the Serum in divers Pores of the Body An earthy Matter in the Pores is the cause of the Stone there it causeth Stones by being externally dryed This is most in the Face when it is exposed to hot and dry Air. The same is the cause of a Stone in the Eye VVe shewed in Tumors The earthy Matter of Tumors is the cause of stones under the tongue in the Jawes and the Gout And the Filth of the Teeth is the cause of Scales how stones grew under the tongue and in the Gout And the same may be in other Tumors VVe shewed also in Filth how from the Slime and Filth of the Teeth Scales and Gravel grew The Cure The Cure of Stones is to be after some have been voided or other signs have discovered them from whence we conjecture that they may grow again For that they are seldom if they will not go of themselves they must be taken out The voiding of Stones by Urin is not to be stopped but furthered The preventing and Cure of the Stone in the Bladder or Gravel and the growth must be hindered And if a stone stick in the Bladder it must be taken out A Caution must be for the prevention of the Stone in the Bladder as in the Reins As we shewed in the Pain of the Kidneys The Gravel grows first in the Reins and falls from thence into the Bladder And the beginning of them must be prevented in the reins And then the stone in the Bladder will not grow so fast For the Cure of the