Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	chief_a	court_n	justice_n	1,463	5	6.5737	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A52872	A New and exact description of Moscovy (1.) containing its state antient and modern, situation, extent, latitude, division into provinces, rivers, soile, sterility, and fertility, with the commoditys, and observations on the extreamitys of weather hot and cold, (2.) of the citys and towns, fortification and manner of building ... (3.) of their religion, marriages, ... (4.) of the government ... (5.) their military affairs ... (6.) the revenues of the czar ... (7.) the succession of the royal house of Muscovy ... : the whole containing all that is necessary to be known concerning that vast empire.		1698 (1698)	Wing N541; ESTC R38883	23,009	33

or Hundreds under the Dukes and Dyacks of the Province before whom the Causes may be remov'd if not agreed or determin'd The second is held in the head Towns of the Provinces Shires before the Deputies of the Lords of the Chetfirds and from these they have a Priviledge to Appeal or remove their Causes to the Third or Chief Court held at Moscow where usually reside the Officers of the Chetfrids These are the Chief Justices or Judges every one of them in Civil Matters that arise within their several Chetfird or Quarter and may be either commenc'd originaly before them or prosecuted out of the Inferiour Courts of the Shires by way of Appeal Their Commencing and Proceeding in Civil Actions is in this wise The Plantif delivers his Supplycation wherein he sets forth the Merrit of his Cause or wrong done to him then if alow'd a Reepis or Warrant is granted which he delivers to the Prestave or Serjeant who hereupon Arrests the Defendant who must put in Suretie to Answer or else be kept in Custody and often on this account loaden with Irons when they come before the Judg the Plantif pleads his own Cause and the Defendant make his Defence as for Attorneys and Councellours they are not known in these Courts when the Evidence if they have any is heard Judgment is given but if the matter remains doubtful then the Judge demandeth of either party whom he thinks sit whether he will kiss the Cross upon that which he denyeth or avoucheth and he who consents to do it is carry'd by an Officer to the Church where he does it in a devout manner and this is held a very Sacred Oath and hereupon if it be the Defendant he is declar'd free of the Debt paying 20 pence charges but if both demand this priveledg then they draw Lots and he that has the best is only alowed it and thus by short proceeding with a little charge the Controversy is ended but if the Defendant be condem'd and not able to pay his case is miserable Notwithstanding all I have say'd of these Courts there is yet another superiour to them and this is call'd Zabore or the Publick Assembly which properly is term'd a Parliament The States and Degrees of Persons that are present are 1. The CZAR 2. The Nobility of Council 3. The Clergy for I do not find the Commons have any peculiar Representatives in this Zabore or Parliament which is held briefly after this manner The Prince causes the Nobility to be summon'd together with the Patriarch who Convocates his Clergy viz. the two Metropolites or Arch-Bishops with other Bishops Abbots and Friers as are most Learned and of best repute These assemble in the Court at Moscow and then the day is appointed when the Sessions shall begin The day being come the Clergy Assemble before sitting at a place call'd the Stollie and when the CZAR approaches with his Nobility then all the Clergy arise and bowing themselves pass on with their Patriarch to meet him Then the Patriarch blesseth him with his two Fingers laying them on his Forehead and the sides of his Face then he Kisses him on the Right-side of his Breast These Ceremonies ended they pass to the Parliament-house which is not very stately and there they place themselves in this order The CZAR Seats him in a Throne on one side the Chamber and not far from him is a little square Table and at it sit the Patriarch with the Chief of his Clergy and Principal Nobility of the Council also two Dyacks or Secretaries call'd Dumnoy Dyacks who write down what passes or is to be Enacted The rest take their places on Benches that Encompass the Chamber Being plac'd in this order one of the Dumnoy Dyacks who represents a Speaker declares the cause of the Assembly and Propounds as he has it in Writing the Principal Matters they are to proceed on and the points being open'd the Patriarch and his Clergy have the Priority of speaking and giving their Opinions or Advice but they usualy out of a kind of Modesty refuse it and desire these things being matters of State and other advantage to the Common-wealth that the CZAR and his Nobles who are more knowing and learned therein would order these weighty Affairs whilst they that are Church-men would assist them with their Prayers and so one by one they answer to that Effect After this the matters propounded are agreed to sometimes entire and at others with little variation for without much difficulty every one gives his consent Then the Clergy take their leaves blessing the CZAR who conducts the Patriarch to the next Room and then returns to his Seat till things are prepar'd for his return to his Pallace The Acts that pass in this manner the Dyacks or Secretaries draw up into form of Proclamation which are sent and directed to be Publish'd in the Provinces and head Towns by the Dukes and Dyacks or Secretarys of those places and so the Sessions ended after a Splendid Entertainment every one has leave to depart CHAP. V. Of the Millitary Affairs of Moscovy the Degrees and Order of the Soldiers Officers Their Abilities and Warlike Discipline and other things at Large relating to Martial Enterprizes c. THe next thing I shall Treat of is the Millitary Affairs of Moscovy which is a thing very well worth noting and first of their Forces for the War and Chief Officers The Soldiers are call'd Sinabojarsky or the Sons of Gentlemen being all or mostly of that Degree by virtue of their Military Profession for when they are of years to bear Arms they come to the Reserade or Great Constable who at their request enters their Names alotting them a Maintainance to support their Charge there being Lands Assigned for this purpose annexed to this Office which cannot be Alienated so that there is as I may term it a Succession of Soldiers and usually the whole number in continual Pay is as followeth First The Dworany or Pensionary-Guards of the Princes Person who are 15000 Horsemen with their proper Officers and are always in Readiness but of these there are Three Degrees who differ as well in Estimation as Wages viz. The Dworany-Bulshey or Head-Pensioners The Serendany Dworany or the Middle-Rank of Pensioners The Dyta Boiarsky or the Lower Rank These have from 100 to 20 Rubbles per Annum lessening according to their Station one half is payed at Mosco and the other by the General in the Field besides this they have proportionable Lands Alloted them from the greatest to the least There are other Horsemen to the number of 110 much like the Roman Praetorian Soldiers who have the more immediate care of the CZAR's Person when he goes the Wars all of special Account for their Trust and Nobility which he chuses himself and causes their Names to be Registred and for their Large Revenues in Pension-places they are to bring to the Wars 65000 Horsemen with their Furniture and other Necessaries and once a Year