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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A62158	The civil wars of Spain in the beginning of the reign of Charls [sic] the 5t, Emperor of Germanie and King of that nation written originally in the Spanish-tongue by Prudencio de Sandoval ... ; never yet translated, now put into English by Captain J.W.; Historia de la vida y hechos del Emperador Carlos V. English. Selections	Sandoval, Prudencio de, ca. 1560-1620.; Wadsworth, James, 1604-1656?; Howell, James, 1594?-1666.	1652 (1652)	Wing S664; ESTC R30544	277,685	398

submissions to him saying that God had sent him to give them libertie and that hee would procure them much monie and arms Those of Xativa adored him as their Redeemer and called him El Encubierto or the man disguised saying God had sent him for the redressing of the oppressed People Hee made them believ that hee was the Prince Don Iohn Son to the Catholick King and Queen deceased and that for certain ●ecret causes and Revelations of God's Judgments it was convenient for him not to bee publickly known in the world for long time past but now since the Kingdom 's were in so distressed a condition and in so great necessitie of their naturall King to own and defend them and settle them in the same peaceable Government as they injoyed during his Father's Reign hee desired to reveal himself unto them and that it was God's will also This those wretched Confederates beleiving followed and honored him as if hee had been their God Thus having gained the affection and esteem of these Rebels hee conferred with divers of the Citie of Valencia of la Huerta and other places thereabouts inticing them to put in execution what that Tyrant Vicente Periz had alreadie moved Hee dealt likewise with some places of Aragon and Catalunia which were alreadie tottering and half at least inclining to Commotion ingaging them that at the same instant if possible as hee should make his Attempts upon Valencia they should all rise in arms and secure those parts for him Within Valencia hee had his intelligencers and instruments whom hee imployed to murder the Marquis of Cenete then Governor of the Citie These were so faithful to him in this treacherous design that hee wanted not assistants to convey him over the walls into the Citie whereby hee might the better contrive his plot seeing the disposition of the place and having a more free communication with the inhabitants allure and draw to his byas more complices to strengthen his partie and execute his wicked intention This was so cunningly carried that if God had not otherwise disposed it the whole Kingdom at that time ran a notable hazard of beeing absolutely destroied The Citie of Valencia as I have told you beeing in so miserable a condition the Religious men with other good and loial people went to petition the Marquis of Cenete who then was in the Camp to take upon him the Government of that distressed Citie Which hee did like a noble man as hee was The people expressed so much contentment and comfort in his presence that in all the Monasteries and Churches they sung with great solemnitie the Te Deum laudamus and all the b●lls rung out in testimonie of an universal joie The Marquis was a man of such courage and resolution that when throughout the whole Citie of Valencia no bodie durst so much as name God King or Iustice hee took divers of the rebellious disturbers and hanged them So that they began to bee affraid and sculked in corners Soon after having notice of a band of these Confederates which were fled from Valencia hee marched out against them and meeting them about Monviedro hee brought away their Colors having routed and put them all to flight Amongst divers great hazards which the Marquis ran of losing his life by the insolence or treacherie of these Confederates one I shall give in particular A monstrous disorderly multitude of these wretches beeing gathered together in Valencia fell like a furious storm upon the Marquis his hous with huge clamorous out-cries and ●lashing of weapons not understanding each other's minde nor knowing what they would have The Marquis hearing the nois went down to quiet the tumult beeing well provided and attended but his Ladie seeing him engaged amongst a throng of such vile respectless people and fearing lest hee should bee murthered by them took such a fright that her weak Constitution beeing not able to resist the violence of that sudden apprehension shee presently expired Vicente Periz Captain of the Rebells with a numerous Armie intrenched himself and planted his Cannon within sight of Valencia where hee remained som time In his Camp hee had a bell at the sound whereof a numberless gang of thievs such as his Armie was composed of ran out of the Citie to him And had not the Marquis been very circumspect without question they had suprised the Citie but finding little probabilitie of effecting their design upon Valencia they marched towards Monviedro thinking to make the Vice-Roy rais his siege thence but within two daies after Monviedro was surrendered to him which was of no small importance for thereby hee had an open and free passage to receiv succour out of Castilla The Marquis hearing that the Confederates were marched towards Monviedro with their Cannon and having intelligence of their intentions followed them but with no considerable force and meeting some of his own foot companies which having been much galled by their Cannon and small shot were retreating towards Valencia quite disheartned hee strove to incourage them as well as hee could representing to them the service of God and their King but prevailing not with them howëver he● advanced and set upon the enemie crying aloud Let the King live and the Traytors die and without fear of their muskets or Cannon which played fiercely upon him hee charged into the middest of them God whose caus hee fought preserving him and striking their baser hearts with fear insomuch that hee had them all at his mercie Yet his nobleness and generositie was such though they deserved it not that hee commanded his men who were very busie in killing to forbear further execution crying out Let them not die let them not die having thus quite routed these Mutiniers hee returned to Valencia with the spoil and all their Artillerie where hee was received with joy and tears The Vice-Roy afterwards beeing before Xativa with intent to reduce it to the Emperor's subjection the Rebels dealt so cunningly with some of his Souldiers who sowed the same dissention in his Camp as was within the Town that by certain signs they understood each others intentions and they agreed at one and the same time to fall upon the Loyall Partie and murther them and having taken their Artillerie to storm Valencia sack it and kill all that were for the Emperor in it This conspiracie was discovered but there was no remedie to hinder it neither in the Vice-Roy's Camp nor in Valencia for the Confederates were very numerous and the Loyall P●●sons but a small Partie The Marquis at the intreatie of the honest people of Valencia went to the Vice-Roy's Camp before Xativa where hee found more disorder then was reported and the infection less curable then hee imagined The sign that these Conspirators had agreed upon was that in the night at a certain hour those of the Camp should cry out Paie Paie Mutinie Mutinie and those within the Citie should answer Paie Paie Mutinie Mutinie The Vice-Roy and

and those of the Council termed them Traitors Which beeing known in Valladolid a rumor was noised about that the Lords of the Council had given order to apprehend those of the Junta for which caus El Licenciado Francisco de Vargas Treasurer General and El Licenciado Zapata made their escapes in the night from the Council For they having born a great swaie one in the Treasurie the other in matters of Justice were both grown odious in the eies of the Common-wealth SECT XXXIV THe several Parties reviled and fell into malicious expressions one against the other not considering that that was one of the poorest and vilest revenges upon earth and which suit 's with none but rascal-like unworthie dispositions Those that were enemies to the Commonaltie reported that no Gentlemen or persons of qualitie would have taken that side but for private respects and ambition That Don Antonio de Acunia Bishop of Zamora whose storie wee are not yet com to would make himself Arch-bishop of Toledo That Don Pedro Giron was on fire for the Estate of Medina Sidonia The Earl of Salvatierra ambitioned certain territories of great value called Merindades Hernando de Avalos for revenge of som injuries don ●im Iohn de Padilla to bee Master of Santjago Don Pedro Lasso to bee Lord of Toledo Quintanilla to have the Command of Medina del Campo Hernando de Ulloa to drive his brother out of Toro Don Pedro Pimentel to advance himself with Salamanca The Abbat of Compludo to be made Bishop of Zamora El Licenciado Bernardino to bee Judg in Valladolid Ramiro Nuniez that hee might possess himself of Leon and Carlos de Arellano bee Lord of Soria Thus their tongues went nimbler then their hands except when they were asleep breeding and brewing a world of mischiefs And divers Gentlemen found themselvs so far ingaged already in this disorder that they could not with honor withdraw themselvs neither could they tell whom to trust SECT XXXV BEfore I proceed any further with the Historie of what was done by the Commonalties in Castilla I wil here describe the particulars of the insurrection of the Citie and Kingdom of Valencia in regard it was the blindest and most pernicious of all Spain and although some have written very dolefull and lamentable memorials thereof they do not mention half what there befell Several prodigious signs presaged this miserable dissention in Valencia In the yeare 1517. The river which runneth by the Citie of Valencia so shallow that somtimes there is scarse any water on a sodain swelled and overflowed the bankes in such manner that it put those of Valencia to the greatest shift and streight that ever they had been reduced to in former ages Manie daies and nights was seen running along the streets a furious great Lyon which made so hideous a roaring that the people ran trembling away from it and if any had the courage to stay and see what it would do they could see nothing Other strange sights were likewise reported to have been observed there in the yeares 1517 and 1518. You have heard how the Emperor before his departure from the Groyn appointed for Vice-Roy of Valencia Don Diego de Mendosa son to the Cardinal Don Pedro Gonsalez de Mendosa and brother to Don Rodrigo Marquis of Cenete Who executing his command and charge in Valencia whenas the people already linked in a Confederaoie began to stand in a competition with the Nobles to molest and prosecute the Gentrie abusing their servants and vassals with great audacitie and disrespect It hapned that two Morisco's vvho belonged to Don Ramon de Cardona Lord of Castalla passing along the street of Nuestra Seniora de Gracia which was in that part of the Citie where most of the meaner sort of people lived Some Trades-men that were working at their dores flouted and laughed at them as they used to do but the Morisco's answering them they presently rose in Arms and cut one of them so grievously that hee died And beeing about to kill the other also who defended himself a man by chance passing by whose name was Diego Pisador by trade a salt-maker took compassion of the poor fellow and did what hee could to defend him Whereat those Towns-men were so incensed that leaving the other they ran after this Diego Pisador following him quite through the Citie to his own hous whither hee fled to save his life and fell a storming it in a furious manner about mid daie the officers of Justice not daring to gain-saie them The Priests of St Nicholas Church which was close by that hous came forth all with the Holie Sacrament at the nois of this Combustion to pacifie the furie of the People which their presence and intreaties did somwhat mitigate But Diego Pisador not holding himself secure in his hous thought it a safer waie to take sanctuary in the Church so beeing come down the Priest that carried the Sacrament took him next unto him and ●o advanced towards the Church which the people seeing they violently ran again upon him and killed him with their daggers Upon this came amongst them one Avendanio a Cloath-worker who was the Autor and chief of this confedracie it vvas thought to hinder and keep them from doing mischief but seeing that man so barbarosly killed hee vvent presently into a hous vvhere hee burst and died miserably som saie for anger and grief to see such excessive disorder These and manie other such like outrages vvere done by the People of Valencia before the ●mperor departed whereof his Majestie was advertised by the Nobles and Gentlemen of that Citie and hee referred it to Xeures but hee beeing more sollicitous for the transporting of his treasure then the remedying of the troubles in Spain neglected it All that was ordered herein was to remit the quelling and reducing that People to reason to the care of the Infante Dou Enrique Duke of Sego●be but the People beeing launched into the depth of mischief slighted his Autoritie which manifestly declared the rebellion and pernicious intentions of that Confederacie Soon after a man condemned for haynous crimes beeing led along to execution the People came out with Arms and rescued him from the officers of Justice abusing and ill treating them in a horrid manner No Noblemen or Gentlemen could pass through the streets but those of the Confederacie would deride and flout them with base reviling language Insomuch that a Hat-maker's wife dressing a Hat at the door with her children about her as some Gentlemen were going by shee bid the children look at those men that passed there and the boyes asking her why shee bid them look at them shee answered Becaus when you are grown up to bee men you may say that you have seen Gentlemen This the woman said becaus the Common People were then in the minde to destroie all the Gentrie of the whole Kingdom root and branch Avendanio the Cloth-worker beeing dead the Confederates chose another Captain one of

this Salarie bee paied out of the proper Inhabitants Revenue of each Town or Citie that doth send the said Commissioner according as they shall bee taxed by the Council Iustice and Regidores of the said place Item that the said Commissioners may choos and entertain one or more Lawyers beeing at Parlament as they see occasion to whom the Cities or Towns are to paie a competent Salarie but may change them as often as they pleas And that the said Lawyer may not demand or receiv any gratuitie from their Majesties or other person in their names as is above instructed and ordered for the Commissioners neither may any Lawyer at all bee entertained by the Commissioners but with the good liking and consent of the Kingdom Item that their Majesties would revoke and declare to bee void all gratuities of what qualitie so●ver which were given to the Commissioners of the last Parlament held in the Kingdom of Galicia and that neither they nor their wives children heirs or Successors may injoie any part or parcel thereof under penaltie of losing their goods for the publick reparations of the Citie or Town whereof they were Commissioners Item that thenceforwards to perpetuitie the Cities and Towns that have Vote in Parlament may meet and assemble every three years by their Commissioners who are to bee chosen out of the three States as is aforesaid And that it may bee done in the absence and without licence from their Majesties or the succeeding Kings to the end that beeing so assembled they may procure and see that the Contents of these Articles bee punctually observed and that they may discours of and provide other things which may bee expedient for the service of the Roial Crown and the publick good of the Kingdoms Item that the said Parlament beeing ended the said Commissioners may bee obliged within fourtie daies to return to their Cities or Towns and give an account of what they had done in the said Parlament under pain of losing their Salarie and beeing deprived of their Office which their Majesties might dispose as vacant Concerning Coin THat no monie bee transported out of these Kingdoms either Gold or ●ilver coined or to bee coined Since it is forbidden by the Laws of the Kingdom under pain of death confiscation of goods and other Penalties For the contrarie having been done especially since his Majestie 's coming into these Kingdoms the Countrie is impoverished and destroyed Item That forthwith monie bee coined in these Kingdoms of a different rate and value then that of the neighboring Countries and that it bee of a base alloy two Caratts under the rate of the finest Gold which may countervail in weight and value the Crowns of Gold that are made in France By which means it will not bee carried out of the Kingdom Alwaies provided that whosoëver should bee indebted any quantitie of Maravediz before the time of publication of the new coined monie might bee obliged to make paiment in the coin which was then currant or to make up the value thereof in monie of the later stamp Silver Coined THat a mark of Silver out of the Mint may bee of the just value of two thousand two hundred and fiftie Maravediz and no more Copper Monie THat new copper monie may bee coined and in regard too much Silver mixed with it is but lost into everie Mark should bee cast onely the quantitie of one of the new Ryals Item That the monie of Silver mixt and Copper which is made in other Countries is much less worth then it passeth for in this Kingdom and the profit and gain thereof remaineth in forreign Nations who carrie away our Gold for their base monie That six months beeing expired after the coining of the said new monie publick proclamation might bee made to prohibit the taking or receiving any of the said foreign mixt S●lver and Copper monie Item That the old monie which is now currant in no wise may bee made away given or sold out of the Mint-hous directly or indirectly at any higher rate then now it goe's under penaltie that whosoëver shall bee defective herein may lose his monie and third part of his estate to the end that it may bee all coined to make new monie Item In regard before the new monie bee all coined and especially in the beginning those who make a trade of transporting monie out of the Kingdom may indeavor and bee apt to convey much away That new searchers may bee placed in all Ports by Sea and Land and such as may applie their whole care and diligence to the well executing of this particular and nothing els provided they bee persons of trust And that whosoêver shall bee found guiltie of this fact may bee punished and condemned to death if convinced without any further process That there may bee no reclaiming or remission of this penaltie and punishment but if those who are incharged therewith bee slack or negligent in the execution of their office that they may suffer the same punishment And to the end this may bee the better effected that whoso●ver shall declare or discover it may have the one half or moitie of the monie so seized Transportation of Corn Leather Sheep and Woolls THat no Corn or the Leather of Sevilla may bee transported out of the Kingdom That the Mercedes or gratuities and taxes which were given and imposed in some parts of these Kingdoms of levying certain duties for giving licence to transport Corn out of the said Kingdoms and Leather from the Citie of Sevilla may bee revoked and declared to bee void For besides that the said taxes bee unlawful they are very hurtful and prejudicial to these Kingdoms and the Citie of Sevilla And that their Majesties may never hereafter give the said licence for monie or for any imposition Item That henceforwards no sheep or hogs alive or dead or any other cattle may bee transported out of the Kingdoms For this hath been the caus that flesh leather and tallow are raised to above double the price of what they were wont to yield and if the said cattle bee not carried a way these commodities will return to the same rate they were at formerly which will bee a great benefit to the Kingdoms And if any bee found a delinquent herein That the one half of his goods and estate may bee confiscate to their Majesties one fourth part given to the accuser and the other fourth part imployed for reparations and publick uses of the Citie or Town whereof hee was Inhabitant Item That the Merchants Clothiers and other trades of the Kingdoms may take to work and spend therein one half of all woolls bought by Natives or Strangers to send out of the Kingdoms paying the same price as they had done for them if they had given readie monie And if they had taken them upon trust giving securitie to paie at a certain daie that the Merchants and others might have them upon the same conditions giving the like securitie

the several Cities with the Bishop of Zamora and Iohn de Padilla agreed to draw all their forces into the field to stop all correspondence betwixt Valladolid and Tordesillas that the Treatie might not go forwards and to destroie and spoil all the Towns or houses they could th●t belonged to any of the Gentrie in Tordesillas With this resolution the Bishop of Zamora Iohn de Padilla with his Toledians Iohn Zapata with those from Madrid Iohn Bravo Captain of the Segovians and Francisco Maldonado who commanded the men of Avila and Salamanca went to the Iunta desiring that they would appoint a Captain General over them all and it is reported out of craft thereby to render him more odious to the Common People that they press'd to have that office conferred upon Don Pedro Lasso which plot was imputed to Iohn de Padilla who never was Don Pedro's friend The Iunta to satisfie them did name Don Pedro but hee desired som time to think upon it before hee would accept it and those that bare him no good will began to divulge his beeing made General in a disparaging manner saying It was more honor then hee deserved in regard hee had given them so much reason to suspect his fidilitie for holding correspondence with the Governors to sell them and that Iohn de Padilla was much more fit for that Command This was so much buzz'd amongst the people that they began to murmur highly against Don Pedro. The mutinie growing to such an height that Don Pedro and his friends not thinking themselvs secure prepared to make resistance in case they should assault them in their houses as som gave out they would And they saie the very school-boys instructed by their masters so to do ran crying up and down the streets Let Iohn de Padilla bee General and not Don Pedro Lasso The Bishop of Zamora sent him word that his safest waie would bee to absent himself from the Citie or at least to retire into some secret place for the people were very jealous of him and in their furie would bee apt to do him some displeasure but this was onely a plot to entrap him Don Pedro very resolutely returned the Bishop this answer That hee had done nothing that hee was ashamed of or ought to run awaie for and that hee would not stir out of his hous if the people had any thing to saie to him there they should finde him The people's design upon Don Pedro Lasso beeing publickly known some principal persons of the Citie came amongst them and so handled the matter that they all retired to their houses and there was no harm done SECT XXXIV THose of the Junta beeing in consultation about the ordering of their Armie for there was no more thought of peace some said that it was very requisite that they should have a Captain General and although Iohn de Padilla had executed the office ever since Don Pedro Giron had left it yet hee had not his Commission from the Junta neither had the present Armie which the several Cities had raised acknowledged him Som stood for Don Pedro Lasso de la Vega but the major part of the Junta and all the Common people Voted for John de Padilla Hee seeing that they would make him their Captain General out of a feigned modestie refused it earnestly desiring them all to give their Votes rather for Don Pedro Lasso who was more worthie and capable of so high a Charge then hee not that hee declined their service however but hee would content himself with the Command of the two thousand men which hee brought from Toledo with whom and with his own person hee would serv the Commonaltie to the last breath The people hearing that John de Padilla was like to bee outed they came crying in a tumultuous mannertothe Junta and pres●ing them to make John de Padilla their General for no man els should bee And thinking that Dom Pedro Lasso was the onely man that hindred the election of John de Padilla the multitude ran presently to apprehend him in his hous laying to his charge that hee had used means to reduce them to his Majestie 's service that hee had been caus that the Cavaliers had taken Tordesillas having been in the conspiracie with Don Pedro Giron But the Bishop and John de Padilla followed and staied them in the great market place Assoon as ever the rabble saw the Bishop and him they flocked round about them crying out Let John de Padilla live let the Bishop live long may live John de Padilla who take's away the taxes of Castilla In this manner did the multitude carrie him up and down the market place hooting and shooting as if they had been all mad insomuch that Iohn de Padilla could not speak to them if hee would have said any thing they kept so horrid a nois saying Hee should bee their General and no other Iohn de Padilla and the Bishop seeing this fond madness of the people withdrew themselvs into a hous out of a window whereof Iohn de Padilla spake to them in this manner Sirs You know how I came hither Captain for the Citie of Toledo in favor of the Commonaltie● of this Kingdom to serv you you must know likewise that Toledo is not inferior to Valladolid but a f●iend to it and all the other Cities of the Kingdom who all agreed to send mee to assist you and with the same affection and willingness I have performed my part and whil'st I have breath I will omit nothing wherein I may serv you and I thank you for your good wills to mee But the Lords of the Iunta have determined to choos a Captain General for thir Expedition Believ mee sirs it is most fit that place should go by Election and I assure you that I was the first man that made that motion for that is the best and safest waie moreover those Gentlemen know very well what they do Hee scars had uttered these words but they all cried out Wee will have none but John de Padilla and the Bishop Thus they continued for the space of a long hour and more Iohn de Padilla entreating them to give their consents that Don Pedro Lasso might execute that office for nevertheless hee should bee readie to spend his father's and his own estate besides the ventring of his life in that Holie Caus for the service of the Commonaltie But no reason would stop their mouths they still continued crying hee and non els should bee their Captain Which obstinacie of the people beeing reported to those of the Iunta they Voted Iohn de Padilla Captain General of ●ll their forces From that daie forwards Don Pedro Lasso began to relinquish the Commonaltie and divers of his friends did the like seeing how blind and void of reason the people were and how much prejudice they did themselvs in following a people so overswaied with passion and the greatest part of them too but men of mean