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cause_n	cause_v	pain_n	part_n	1,815	5	4.8305	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A41151	Gulielm, Fabricius Hildamus, his experiments in chyrurgerie concerning combustions or burnings made with gun powder, iron shot, hot-water, lightning, or any other fiery matter whatsoever : in which is excellently described the differences, signs, prognostication and cures, of all accidents and burning themselves : very necessary and useful for all gentlemen, and soldiers as well of the trayned bands, as others, especially upon sudden occasions / translated out of Latine by Iohn Steer, Chyrurgeon.; De combustionibus. English	Fabricius Hildanus, Wilhelm, 1560-1634.; Steer, John, Chyrurgeon.	1642 (1642)	Wing F72; ESTC R22891	26,833	64

follow the first Method doe think themselvs to be sufficiently authorized with this generall rule of Hipocrates Contrary Medicines are made of contrary things For seeing Combustions is a hot accident wee ought to cure it with his contrary which is with cold things which may extinguish the hot burning humours left by the fire I do confesse those sentences of Physitians to be very true but in my opinion refrigeration in Camb. ought to be done by abating for it is fitly rejected from the first Method of curing seeing there do many times arise divers Symtomes as hereafter we will shew for it doth not suffice only to prevent corrupt humours but chiefly many other accidents as griefe retraction and roughnesse of the skin and inviron of the pores which doe all require hot remedies But that these things bee well understood let us looke unto the properties of heat the which Hipocrates doth thus describe heate is biting in Vlcers hardneth the skin causeth intollerable paine it ingendreth vehement feares Convulsions and distentions And Galen saith that the substance proper to draw together and thicken is alwayes proper to cold which is knowne to be in oyle fat and other things which by their coldnesse doe thicken and harden in which it is shewn that cold things are plainly adversaries to Combustions and do cause divers and naughty accidents for the skin being contracted and hardned by the fire by the much use of cold Medicines is hardned and paine is increased hereby humours do gather together which are not onely retained under the hard skin but by the use of cold Medicines is forced downwards and there they doe more heat hereby commeth inflammation impostimation and divers times Gangrene for the humour included because it wanteth breathing it presently putrifieth as Galen witnesseth or because the heat which chanced whilst it is included in the affected part hath dryed up the radicall moisture in which the naturall heat consisteth as we have shewed in our Tract of Gangrena For this cause Hipocrates admonisheth that it is not good to turn Erisipilas from the outward parts unto the inward and there oftentimes doth follow if great burnings be dressed with cold Medicines Herpes or knawing wilde-fire for the Humour being included under the Skinne doth breed a certaine sharpenesse and malignity Anno 1594. there came unto mee a certaine young man from Colin whom Hirpes or wild fire had invaded his whole legge from the foot unto the thigh by reason of a simple Combustion By what method and with what Medicines wee cured the same the Reader may understand by my observations Chirurgicall Therefore when I did consider that as coales when they are carefully covered under the ashes doe retaine their heat a long time so corrupt humours which in Combustions doe flow to the affected place are by the use of cold medicines retained I have therefore more rather chosen to my selfe another Method which hitherto I have used with great benefit to the Patient For even as coals doe quickly squench if they are scattered about so hot Medicines doe quickly coole yet by evacution by discussing and extracting corrupt humours as Galen witnesseth For as heat as Hipocrates witnesseth foftneth the skin extenuateth easeth paine mittigateth Convulsions and bringeth Vlcers to supperation So such kind of Medicines are applyed to those parts which are molested with blood but they must be those which doe moderately heat to make thin the humours and to dilate the passages and pores The same Galen also writeth for cold But that there might be a right and Methodicall curation of Combustions instituted all effects and accidents of burnings are to be diligently examined and looked unto so that remedies may be changed and applyed and according to their natures but first of all because paine followeth by reason of the solution of continuity and sudden mutation which violently draweth humours and blood from the body It is necessary to use repellent Medicines to wit defensives and clouts wet in Vinegar and water lest such like humours and blood do follow to the offended place Then let there be used and observed dyet purgations blood-letting cupping and other revultions that the humours and blood may be drawne and evacuated to the other part as appertaining to Topicks in the first species of Combustions if pustels be not risen let the corrupt and sharpe humours be drawn forth with an Ointment made of Onions and the like but if the skin be drawne together and hardned wee ought to use all dilligence that it be softned and made red which ought to be done with Medicines which are hot and moist as the Chapters following we will declare at length CHAP. VI The Curations of the first degree of Combustions THe first and chiefe worke which is required in Combustions is that the Chirugion doe prevent the rising of pustels for if he can do that the Patient need not feare any further molestion Therefore if any one be burnt with fire water hot Oyle or any such like thing If the Combustion be light presently let the place be madified with water or spettle and then held to fire as long as may be suffered or let the burnt place be dipped in hot water or if that will not be conveniently done let a sponge or clout be wrung out in hot water and applyed to the place for that outward heat doth draw unto it Empyruma that is heat left by the fire in the burned part as Aristotle and experience teacheth for as a Scorpion being applyed to the bite of a Scorpion doth draw to it his proper poyson so doth heat draw heat hereby Onions being mixed in a morter with a little Salt and applyed to the burnt place doth draw forth the corrupt humours and suffereth not the pustels to arise it may be spread on little pleggets and applyed untill the whole burnt place bee covered Also this following Oyntment doth violently draw forth corrupt humours and will not suffer the pustels to arise â„ž Caepae Crudae â„¥ 1. ss. Salis Saponis ulbi veneti ana â„¥ ss. Let them be mixed in a Morter and make an Oyntment with Oyle of Roses and sweet Almons Anno 1604. as my beloved wife was boyling of New Wine in a great skellet and stirring it with a spatter she unadvisedly thrust her hand unto the wrist into the boyling wine when it was boyled even unto the very height and thicknesse whereby there presently arose a vehement paine not onely in the hand but also in the whole arme the wine being washed away with hot water wee applyed the Oyntment lately prescribed which as then was most fittest unto my hand I anointed the whole arme with Oile of Roses and rowled about Rowlers dipped in water and Vinegar and did oftentimes renew them all Thus by Gods favour of so great a Combustion there followed no ulceration of the skin but onely two pustels the one in her thumbe the other by her middle finger which with a little trouble vvith

the bottome of the belly upon the Combustion also cut a veyne in the Cubide and if it may conveniently be done provoke vomitting but if it be not convenient let the Patient be purged downewards and prescribe him a slender dyet let him abstaine from strong Wine and from meats hot and sharpe as we have shewed in the former chapter because the Groynes are Members rare laxe humid and apt to corruption therefore if there be no blisters risen presently apply some Oyntment prepared of sope and Onions but if they are risen let them be cut whereby the sharpe water may flow forth then apply this following Ointment ℞ Vngunt rosati ℥ i. ss Ol. de vitel ovor. et Amigdal dulc. ana ℥ ss. Dissolve them and then mixe thereto Mirrhae Aloes ana ʒi Mixe them and apply them with Linnen clothes and then let the whole part be covered with this following Cataplasme ℞ Farinae hordii et Fabar. ana ℥ iii Pulv. Rosar rubar ℥ ss. With a little Vinegar and Honey make a Powltice and apply it hot But if the Combustion bee great so that it maketh a hard crust then let it be seperated by little and little with an Incision knife or at the least scarified in divers places then apply this following Ointment to cause the escar to fall ℞ Superior is ungunt ℥ ij Pul. Scordii ʒ i. Vnguent Egiptiaci ʒij More or lesse according to the quantity of the putrifaction and the strength and weaknesse of the Patient and apply it on linnen clothes afterwards ℞ Farinae lupinor Fabarum Lollii ana. ℥ i. ss Let them be boiled in Barbers lye and then mixe to them Pul. Scordii Aloes Mirrhae ana. ℥ ss. Mix them and make a Powltice and apply it hot after the Escar is fallen mundifie incarnate and cicatrice the Vlcer as wee have declared in our 8. Chapter CHAP. XI Of the Combustions of the Joynts IN Combustions of the Ioynts defensives ought to be applyed the body purged c. Medicines made of sope Onions c. are naught wherefore anoint the whole member twice a day with Oyle of wormes Mans greace Hens greace with an Ointment of Marsh Mallowes and the like The rest is to be learned in the former Chapters CHAP. XII Of Paine and the Cure thereof PAyne is a grievous Symtome as well in Combustions as in all other effects whatsoever for it scattereth and consumeth the vitall spirits and causeth unquietnesse and Feavers hereby followeth a defect of the minde it draweth a flux of humors and thereby arise Inflammations Convultions and other grievous symptomes therefore it is to be eased as much as possible may be now the generall curing of paine is to take away the cause thereof But because that in Combustions there are two severall causes to wit sudden alteration and solution of continuity there shall be a two-fold scope of Curing First that the corrupt humours caused by the fire be drawne forth and the part affected refrigerated and brought to his proper temper as we have sufficiently declared before Secondly that whatsoere be disjoyned and burnt be united and consolidated but because the corrupt humours cannot be drawne forth much lesse the blisters and ulcer cured except the hard and contracted skin be first molified and made supple Therefore it is necessary that the Chirurgion doe bend his whole study to supple and soften the skin with those hot and moist Medicines which are before rehearsed whereby those sharpe and subtile humours may be exhallated and drawne by the pores of the skin but although such kinde of Medicines are hot yet they coole notwithstanding by accident that is as Galen witnesseth by resolving and scattering sharpe humours therefore if there be great paine and that it be not eased with those Medicines which we have prescribed in our 7 and 8. Chapters the body being first purged and a veyne opened if age and other things will permit apply this following Foment ℞ Radic. Altheae ℥ i. Florum Chamomil Meloloti Rosarum Absynthii ana M. ss. Sem. Foenog Anethi ana. ℥ ss. Ol. violar ℥ iij Let them be boyled in Milke in the which wring out a sponge or else doubled clothes and apply it oftentimes to the painfull place hot as it may bee suffered This following Powltice is also very good and easeth paine marvellously ℞ Micarum panis Albi lb ss Boyle it in Milke to the forme of a Powltice then mix thereto Oyle of sweet Almonds new Butter of each ℥ i. Oile of Egges ℥ ss. Saffrom ℈ i. the yeolke of one Egg make therewith a Cataplasme and apply it hot three or foure times a day but first foment the place affected with the following foment if you have any mans greace in a readines mix it therewith for it is a singular Anodine Also apply Defensives and prescribe a Dyet and let the body be purged according to the nature of the Humour predominating also open a veyne and apply Cupping-glasses if the paine be not eased with these things proceed to stupifactive Medicines for it will not be in vaine because they are cold even in the fourth degree and being done with heedfulnesse and wisdome they are not dangerous especially in the outward parts but begin with those which are gentle CHAP. XIII Of the imbecillity of the Sight SEeing that divers times after Combustions there followeth an imbecillity of the sight and a great rheume in the Eyes therefore it will be necessary to declare how they may be holpen that they grow not into Lachrimale Fistilo S. Opthalmia and to a pin and webbe or else cleane perish the sight Wherefore the Cure shall be performed by three intentions that is by Dyet purgation and stupifactive Medicines and because that in Rheumes of the Eyes the Braine sendeth forth Humours and the eyes receive them it is necessary that they be not altogether hindered lest naughty Humours should ingender in the Body and the Braine but rather that those which are already ingendred and flow to the eyes may be dryed and drawne backwards likewise the eyes are to be defended lest they sustaine a fluxe There are three things to be observed in the administration of dyet to wit the quantity the quality and the use For first all excesse as well of meat as of drinke is to be avoided Secondly because the flux of the Eyes is alwayes caused by superfluity of humours The third thing to be observed is that the Patient never eate except the meat be first well concocted that he have a naturall appetite thereto and that he doe avoid multitude of meats at one meale which differ in substance and in quality let his bread be of the best wheat well boyled and levened let him abstaine from salt meat and that which is dryed but especially from Hogs Flesh the Flesh of young Bullocks Capons and of Birds that live in woods is profitable for him also boyle with his meate and other pottages Hisope Mariorum Sage Rosemary Eye-bright the Roots

mollifieth and stayeth flux of humours ℞ Medullae sem. Cucurb ℥ ii Sem. Cidon Foenogr ana ʒi Let them be mixed in a morter and strained out with lb vj of pure water and make an Emultion in the which dissolve Saponis veneti albi ℥ ss Caphurae ℈ j. But if the Combustion be in the Face the Sope is not to be nsed by reason of the eyes but in the place adde the waters of Roses and Plantaine Defensives also in the beginning are to be applyed and Rowlers wet in water and vinegar that the violent flux of humours may be stayed But if the affected part be inflamed and chiefely if the Veynes Arteries are contracted by the fire then Defensives are not so well approved of except they have some power to resolve viz. such as are these Beane Flower Flower of Lupins of wheat and the powder of Camomile Flower c. mix them let the Patient and let the body be purged with fit purges according to the nature of the humour predominating also open a Veyne and apply Cupping glasses concerning which take the counsell of a Physitian When the Flowing of Humours and blood is stayed then Defensives are left off whereby the spirits and nutriment may the better passe to the affected part and to divide and separate the Escarre Wherefore the learned Chirurgion which is the Hand-maid of Nature ought every day as much as possibly he can without paine to seperate some of the Escarre and afterward let him apply the forewritten Ointment of Sweet Butter thereto Also this following fomentation hath no little power to ease paine mollifie the skin and helpe digestion ℞ Radicum altheae ℥ ii Sem. Cidonior Foenograeci ana. ℥ ss. Flor. Chamon Meliloti ana. M. 7. Let them be boyled in water or if there be vehement paine in Milke then wet a Sponge therein and apply it hot and afterwards mix a little Oyle of white Lillies but if the burne shall be so great then it groweth to Gangrena or Sphacetus then proceed according to the cure of Gangrena But because these kinds of Combustions of the which we have spoken doe oftentimes grow to a Gangrene therefore they ought to be carefully and judiciously handled and alwayes something ought to be applyed which may resist corruption In Children divers times doe happen Combustions of the hands and feet in the which the extremities of the fingers and toes are cleane burnt off In these great diligence is to bee used that that which is so burnt may be quickly separated lest the corruption doe invade the sound parts therefore if the flesh and the bone be so burnt that the joynt may be saved the bone in the same joynt is to be separated with a Raizor not with cizors as some would have it if the Joint it selfe shall be also affected let the skin behind the joynt be taken away with a Raizor but the bone with a little Saw but why this abscision ought not to be done with Inscision knives wee have shewed in a Tract De Gangrena in the which also is shewed the manner of cutting off of fingers As soone as ever the Escarre is separated it is good first to mundifie the Vlcer wherefore if it shall be rotten and stinking the Patient strong and the affected part not very sencible in such causes I was wont to apply Egyptialum but if the Patient bee delicate and the affected part very sencible then mix with the foresaid Ointment Hony of Roses also the powder of precipitate washed in Rose water is an excellent Medicine against all rotten Vlcers or else ℞ Pulueris Praec pitati Radix Aristoloch rot. Farinae hordei ana ℥ i. With Honie or Roses and a little Turpentine make an Ointment If the Combustion be in the head or face adde a little Gumma Lemnia dissolved in Oyle of Roses also a mundificative of the juice of Smallege doth very much clense putrid Vlcers when it is mixed with Mel. Rosarum and Aquavita and applyed Also these Medicines spred upon Cotten or fine Lint and applyed to Vlcers is profitable or fine Linnen cloths doubled or let the part affected be rowled in a soft sponge for these linnen clothes and sponge doe draw thin humours which do hinder consolidation to Vlcers already mundified it is best to use Incarnatives such as are Vngunt Aurium Nicotiane or this following powder ℞ Pulvis Aroes Sarcocollae Myrrhe ana ʒii Miso f. pul This following Viscus doth mightily mundifie and incarnateth all sorts of corrup ulcers ℞ Herbar Centaurii et Hiperici Cum toto Diapensiae Alchimellae Bete silve. Folior-arnoglossae maioris Ana M. iiij Radic. tormentille Aristolocbie longe ana ℥ iij Let them all be cut and beaten together after let them be put in a Glasse vessell and powre Wine thereon untill it doe onely swim and set it in the Sunne the space of three dayes then let it be boiled with a slender fire untill the third part be consumed and when it is strained with a strange expression in a Glasen Limbecke and in Balneo Marea make a Viscus or Bird-lime Then cause a Cicatrix but not with those things which doe vehemently dry as Chirurgions use to doe in other Vlcers for vehement dryers applyed unto Burnes doe cause a rough and filthy scarre Therefore apply this following Ointment ℞ Emplast Palmei ℥ i. Pinguid Gall Et anser ana ℥ ss. Let them be dissolved together and then mixe with them Alumines Vsti Saturni Calcinati Lythargirii aurei Lapidis Calum naris And in a Leaden Morter make an Ointment adding of the Musilage of Cydon seedes and Foenogreeke as much as is expedient with the which make an Ointment most excellent for all Combustions whatsoever Also I have used an Ointment of Aliblaster in this cause with great profit whose description is as followeth ℞ Lapidis Alablastratis calc. ℥ i. ss Pumicis albi Calcionat ℥ ss Make them into a very small powder afterwards ℞ Caerae albae Ceri Cervini Ol. Amigdalar Dulc. Lilior Albor ana ℥ i. Ol. de vitell. ovor. ℥ ss. Make an Ointment according to Art this Ointment mollifieth easeth paine and produceth a faire Cicatrix If the Combustion be in the eye-browes lippes or in the fingers there ought to be great care taken that these parts be not contracted and fastned backewards rowled in a soft sponge therefore Linnen cloathes or Lint or thin Leaden Plates finely beat and used are to be put betweene the parts where conglutination is feared In great Combustions which are in the great vessels of the Veynes and Arteries where Atrophia is feared by reason of little nourishment all the affected part are the first dayes to be anointed with Oile of Roses to represse the humours and afterwards with this following Ointment ℞ Cucci lumbricor ℥ ij Pinquid humanae Callinae Vrsi ana. ℥ i. Aquavitae ℥ ii misce This Ointment mollifieth resolveth corroborateth and openeth if any veynes or arteries by reason of the

them all Anno 1596 Isaacke Gotteran of Perr●y brought unto me Michael his son which was of the age of 14. months who at the age of sixe months fell with his right hand into the burning coales whereby his fore-finger middle-finger ring-finger and little finger were so burnt together with the back of the hand that the fingers fell downe even unto the first articulation but because his Father did commit the Cure to unskilfull people all his fingers except his thumbe were compact together with the skin of the backe of his hand as it were in the forme of a Globe as is seene by this following Figure After seven months when the cure was perfectly finished the parents of the fore-said Child brought him unto me pittifully desired my helpe wherefore when I had parged his body with Manna being given him in his broth I did prepare Chirurgicall Medicines as followeth First I used this following Decoction and Oyntment for certaine dayes together ℞ Radic. althaee cum toto Radic. Bryon Lilior alb. ana ℥ i. Flor. Chamomil Meliloti Chamedr ana M. j. Sem. Foenogr. lino ana ℥ i. Let them be boyled in the broth of the head and feet of a Weather for a fomentation then anoint the whole hand and arme with this following Oyntment ℞ Vngunt dialtheos ℥ i. Auxungue humane Gallinarum Anseris Vrsi succi lanibricor ʒss Mix them and make an Oyntment then rowle the hand in a plaister of Mufilage when the Nerves and the Callosity of the wrinkled skin of the backe of the hand and of the fingers were with these things sufficiently mollified I cut away that hard skin between the backe of the hand and the fingers with an incision knife and I also separated the fingers then I strewed thereon my powder to stanch blood and I appleed theron the whits of Egges mixed with the waters of Roses and Plantaine and Oile of Roses also I layed a defensive to the wrist the next day I applyed this following digestive with soft plegets upon the incisions as before with Oyles ℞ Terebinth lot in aqua plantag et Rosar ℥ i. Olei rosac et de vitel ovor ana ℥ ii ℈ ss. Vitel. Vnius ovi misce The 5 day I used this following Instrument and I endevored by little and little to bring the fingers to their naturall order A is a Splint of the breadth of three fingers so long that it may reach almost from the wrist to the elbow B is a round sticke of the thicknesse of the thumbe which is fixed to the Splint and in the middle of this sticke are foure wodden pins noted with CCCC Also the splint hath two Buckels noted with DD. and two thongs signified by EE by whose benefit the Instruments is bound to the arme Therefore when the Instrument was well bound to and every where wellbow lstered with linnen clothes I had in readines fingerstalls made of Leather which put upon the tops of the Fingers and with the strings that hangeth to them I drawed the Fingers downwards and bound them to the pins noted with CCCC and every day I tyed them straighter Which that it might the easier be done I anointed the arme with the aforesaid Oyntment as often as I dressed the wound and lest that the Fingers should againe conglutinate I put between them leaden plates and so by little and little the Fingers were reduced to their proper functions In the meane time I consolidated and cicatriced the wounds but not with those things which doe greatly dry but those which have also an emolent faculty with such Medicines as we have shewed and so by Gods helpe we restored the hand to his proper use CHAP. XVI Of Lightning and how those which are stricken with it are to be succoured BEcause that of all Fires the Fire from Heaven is most vehement and dangerous and containeth in it certaine supernaturall faculties with which a man may soone be destroyed therfore I will make no long stay to what should be done therein For this cause I have thought good for the benefit of the Reader briefly to shew how those who are stricken with Lightning are to be handled and I doe admonish all Chyrurgions that if they possible may they take a Physitian with them to such kinde of Patients Now seeing this heavenly Fire as experience teacheth containeth in it certaine supernaturall qualities we may also perceive it to have an adjunct quality and matter very hurtfull and venomous which is easily perceived by that horrible stincke and pestiferous odour which commeth as well from men as from other creatures that are stricken with Lightning Hence it is as divers learned men doe testifie that Beares Foxes Conies or other creatures using such places which are stricken with Lightning by reason of the filthy smell they cannot stay in their dens and dogges also will not eate of the Flesh that hath been stricken with Lightning By these things we may perceive how dangerous it is to use hearbs which grow in such places and the Earth as Oulaus witnesseth is perceived as it were to bestrewed with Brimstone wherefore it is no marvell that men do without any manifest cause fall downe dead Now this Fire as Seneca witnesseth is subtill hence it commeth that inanimate creatures as Trees and the like are also hurt Also besides that subtilty it hath in it a most dry substance and earthy hereby it commeth to passe that it penitrateth and hurteth the soft parts of the body but those which are more hard it breaketh which I have observed not onely to chance to animate creatures but also to those which are inanimate If there be any pustels wounds or spots then apply onions mixed with salt or the leaves of rue powned with Treacle and also apply Cupping-glasses and Leaches the Bladders being first cut those things which doe cause putrifaction and the falling of the scar in this cause are not to be used therefore cut off the Escarre with a paire of cizors and then apply this following mundifying Oyntment ℞ Mellis Rosacei ℥ ij Futuerisradic vincet Angeli ana Fol. rutae cum pul qussatpii Theriacae ℥ ii Aqua vitae ℥ ss misce Make thereof a Mundicative when the Ulcers are mundified then strew on this following powder ℞ Pulveris radic. Vincitcvici Angelicae ana ℥ ss i. Myrrhe Masticis Olibani Fol. Scordii ana ℥ iv Make them all into a small powder with the which with a sufficient quantity of the juice of Sanicle or of peares make thereof Trochicqus and dry them in the shade then make it into powder If any bones be broken they are to be reduced but the Chirurgion ought to have a great care that he apply not such aftringent and cooling plaisters as he useth to do in other fractures for they doe hinder the expiration of the venome wherefore apply this following Cataplasme ℞ Farinae Fabar. Lupinor ana ℥ i. ss. Pul. radic. vincitexici Angelicae ana ℥ ss. Polior cutae M. ℥ ss. Boyle them with Oximel unto the forme of a powltiee then mix therwith or Triacle or Mithridate z i. and let fracture be once every day new bound up and let the powltice be renewed but first wash the member with wine in the which the roots of Angelica hath been boyled and a little Triacle dissolved in vinegar of Roses which ought to be done presently whilst the feare of the venome is present also apply a Defensive about the broadnesse of the palme of the hand about the fracture that the elevation of the venome may be turned from the noble parts Ye ought also to looke that the belly be kept soluble which if it be not so by nature then use Suppositories and Clisters abstaine from purging and blood letting except there be any particular occasion to the contrary in the which take the counsell of a Physitian FINIS