set down to the which I refer the Reader The End of the first Part. BARBETTY'S CHIRURGERY The Second Part. Which treats of Tumors Wounds and Ulcers In three Books The First Book of the Second Part of Chirurgery Of Tumors CHAP. I. Of Tumors in general A Tumor besides Nature is a Disease in which the Parts of the Body are indecently inlarlarged and extended so that they are rendred unfit to perform its Actions The Differences of Tumors are taken 1. From the Part affected as an Inflammation of the Eyes Jaws c. 2. From the Causes The Causes are 1. The Parts of the Body removed out of their Natural place 2. The Four Humors as well Natural as Preternatural viz Blood Choler Phlegm Melancholy to which likewise we add Serum and Wind. Tumors for the most part are generated from the Humors and that either by Congestion or Fluxion They come by Congestion when the Natural heat of the Part being diminished the good Humors are ill concocted or the vicious are not sufficiently evacuated By Fluxion from a two-fold Cause External viz. a Fall Blow External Heat too great Motion c. Internal viz. Pain Superabundancy Thinness Acrimony of Humors c. The Signs of Tumors are an Extention of the Part Pain Redness Heat Hardness c. But these are better explained in particular Tumors than in general The times of Tumors for all curable Tumors have four are as followeth Beginning when the Part begins to swell Increase the swelling pain and other Symptoms are augmented State the Symptoms stand at a stay and grow not worser Declination when the Symptoms are diminished Prognostick Tumors produced from Phlegm or Melancholy are hard of Cure Those are dangerous which are generated from corrupt Blood or Choler which seizeth the Internal Parts which shew themselves about the greater Vessels Joynts Nerves and the Membranous or Noble Parts Those that are of great bigness and that happen in Cacochymick Bodies They are Terminated four ways 1. By Dissipation which the lessening of the Symptoms do declare 2. By Suppuration wherein the Pain and Pulsation is increased together with a Fever 3. By Induration which the too often and immoderate use of Repelling and Dissipating Medicines hath caused 4. Degenerating into a Gangrene from the defect of Natural Heat The Cure is performed two ways 1. By hindering any further Flux to the Part. 2. In removing that which is already gathered in the Part. We stay the Flux of Humors 1. By Intercepting 2. By Repelling 3. By Revelling 4. By Derivation 5. By Corroborating the Part it self The Matter already gathered is taken away 1. By Astringing and Repelling Medicines to wit when 't is thin and sticks not too firm to the Parts 2. By Resolvents when it is thick and adheres more firmly to the Part. 3. By Suppuratives when the other are too weak 4. By Fire and Cutting when other means effect nothing CHAP. II. Of Inflammation A Phlegmon or Inflammation is a Tumor besides Nature from Blood thrown forth into the Skin or Subjacent Muscles causing Heat Redness Pain Pulsation and Tension Difference 'T is Perfect when from Blood alone Imperfect when Choler Phlegm or Melancholy is mix'd with the Blood and then 't is called Phlegmone Erysipelatodes Oedematodes Schirrhodes The Cause is sometimes Blood alone sometimes mixt with other Humors Signs are Heat Redness Pain Pulsation Shining Tension Hardness Renitency Prognosticks An Inflammation of the External Parts frees the Internal from many Diseases always wholesome except from its too great Extention it produceth a Gangrene dangerous and of hard cure is that which seizeth on the Eyes Jaws Penis Pudendum Muliebre and Joynts In a young Person and in Summer soon cured longer of Cure in a fat than a lean Body The Cure hath four Indications The first of these respects a good Diet let him chuse a clear Air his Meat and Drink little and that cooling all hot sweet and fat things as Pepper and Ginger are hurtful as also the motion of the Body especially of the Part affected Sleep is very convenient All Costivenefs Anger and Venery are noxious Second that stops the further Flux of the Humor which may be performed by Revulsion Derivation Repelling and Interception therefore let a Vein be opened as soon as possible it being most necessary Revulsion is made in the Opposite and most Remote part Derivation in the nearest If you may not open a Vein you must use Leeches and Scarifications Whilst these things are done seeing the Body is seldom clean but that always there are ill Humors mixt with the Blood by Purging rightly used and often repeated as also Bleeding we effect much In the mean time the Part affected requires Repelling Medicines from which we must abstain Where 1. The Noble Parts send the Humors to convenient places and to the Glandules 2. Where the Humors are Malignant 3. When Critical 4. When the Body is very impure 5. When the part affected is very weak or painful 6. Where the Inflammation is about some Noble Part. Repelling Medicines The Roots of Bistort Tormentil the Leaves of Cyprus Mirtles Plantain and Oak the Flowers of Balaustians and Roses Quince-seeds Red Sanders Galls Acacia Dragons Blood Whites of Eggs Vinegar Red Wine Allum Bole Oyl of Roses Myrtles Empl. de Spermate Ranarum Take Rose-Vinegar two ounces Whites of Eggs beat together No. 2. Bole-Armenick three drams Lap. Hematitis a dram Mix them Take the Juice of Housleek Purslane and Plantane of each an ounce Rose-Vinegar sowr Red Wine of each an ounce and half Oyl of Myrtles an ounce Stir them together in a Leaden Morter adding to them of the Powder of Pomegranate Rinds and Bistort of each a dram Make it into a Linament 3. Indication requires the taking away the Humor already in the Part. Here Resolvents are first to be used but they not effectual then Suppuratives Resolvents or Discussives Roots of Galangal Orrise Dill Southernwood Rue Savin Flowers of Camomil Melilot Elder 2 Aniseeds Carraways and Cummin Ammoniacum Bdellium Sagapenum Tacamahac Oyl of Dill Nard Rue Bays Ointment of Agrippa Martiatum Emplaisters of Betony Oxicroceum Diachilon Leaven the Dung of Beasts Spirit and Lees of Wine Take Roots of Orrise Marsh-Mallows of each an ounce and half the tops of Wormwood Flowers of Camomile Melilot of each one Pugil Herbs of Pellitory of the Wall Mullein of each one handful Meal of Barley and Fenugreek as much as is sufficient Boil them in White Wine then being beaten together add of Oyl of Orrise and Camomile of each an ounce Make it into a Cataplasm Or Take Cows-dung three ounces Juice of Hemlock one ounce Oyl of Camomile half an ounce Castor two drams Bole-Armonick half a dram Red Myrrhe two drams Saffron one dram Meal of Lupines as much as sufficeth to make it into a Poultice Suppuratives Marsh-Mallow Roots Mallows Camomile-Flowers Figs Galbanum Bdellium Sagapenum Ammoniacum Fat of Hogs Geese Ducks Hens Oyl of White-Lillies Ointment of Marsh-Mallows both
is to be powred upon it and mixt with it but first it ought to he seven times rectified You must make this Conjunction in a Matrace a Glass-Vessel so called by reason of its roundness in the bottom and long neck and in a warm Balneum till the Calx hath imbibed its Spirit then in a Glass-Alembick you shall separate by Balneum whatsoever of waterish Humidity can be separated and there will remain in the bottom the Buttery Calx of Arsenick of great virtue which must be kept in a Glass-Vessel well stopt Take some of this Powder mix it with Basilicon or a Digestive and thus mixt apply to the ulcerated Cancer CHAP. XIV Of a Gangrene and Sphacelus A Gangrene is a beginning Mortification of the the soft Parts of the Body most commonly following a great Inflammation or ill cured Sphacelus Necrosis Syderatio is a perfect Mortification not only of the soft but of the hard parts also Differences In a Sphacelus the parts are altogether dead but in a Gangrene they begin but to die and the sense is not perfectly abolished there the Skin is first pallid suddenly livid then black here in a manner red greater stink in that than in this The Causes of both are six 1. The External Cold of the Air or Repelling Medicines 2. External Heat from burning or use of Corrosive Medicines 3. A Defect of Nutriment as in an Atrophia either by the compression or obstruction of the Vessels by reason of which straightness the Blood cannot pass to the Part. 4. The stopping of the Pores or Perspiration hindred from whence comes a Suffocation of the Natural Heat 5. Malign Humor either begotten in the Body or contractee from venomous Beasts or Medicines 6. The Scurvy which by a peculiar property causeth the Parts sometimes to mortifie Signs A Sphacelus is easily to be known the Part looks black Spungy Flesh Sense Heat and Pulsation abolish'd But the Signs of a Gangrene vary according to the variety of the Causes If contracted from Cold a great pricking Pain is felt in the affected Part First 't is red then pale at length black The Natural heat by degrees is extinguished and there happens a shaking not unlike that in a Quartane Ague If caused from an External Heat or stopping of the Pores the Redness is changed into White then into Black Pulsation and Pain cease the Senses lessened and at last there appear some Pustules from whence issue a gleety Humor If from defect of Aliment there is neither Pain Inflammation or Tumor the Body waxeth cold and for the most part seizeth upon the Joynts If from a venomous Creature or Humor great Pain and Fever always accompany it frequent Faintings and oftentimes Deliriums Here ariseth a Pustule under which appears a black Spot which spreads it self over the whole part If from the Scurvy it for the most part begins at the Toes it shews it self outwardly with blackish spots and lines which degenerates into a dry Crust upon which follows a Numness of the Part and at length a Mortification it self without any Stink Sometimes without pain other times very great especially in them that are given to Passion or Sadness Prognosticks Except a Gangrene be suddenly stopt it degenerates into a Sphacelus easilier cured in young than old People The Humors continually flowing to the part affected bring danger with them and that very great if they are Malignant In the Cavities of the Body to wit in the Mouth Privy Parts and Fundament c. a Gangrene is always difficult of Cure as also that which happens among the Nerves and Tendons in Hydropicks always mortal That which happens from the Scurvy may be spun out from many Months but seldom cured A Sphacelus is not cured but by the Knife and Fire Cure Diet must be good the Air Meat and Drink generally cooling and drying But seeing the Causes are various we leave it to the Physitian to prescribe what is convenient who also must well distinguish concerning Bleeding and Purging when to be used with advantage or disadvantage Sudorisicks and Cordials are of great use here and because that in this and other Diseases they are often used I thought it convenient to set them down in this Place Diaphoreticks or Sudorisicks Roots of Angelica Scorzonera Lovage Contrayerva Herbs Holy-Thistle Fumitory Scordium Harts Horn Unicorns-Horn Bezoar the Stone of an Indian Hog called Pedro Porco Waters of Threacle Alexipharmick Diascordium Threacle Mithridate Species Liberantis Antimony Diaphoretick Salts of Wormwood Prunella Holy-Thistle Rob. Sambuct Take Diascordium Farcastorii one dram Alexipharmick-Water two drams Holy-Thistle water as much as is sufficient Syrup of Limons half an ounce Make a Potion Cordials Waters of Roses Borage Bugloss Conserves of Rosemary-flowers of Roses Violets Borage Bezoar Harts horn Unicorns horn Confections of Alchermes Hiacynthus Rob. of Red Currans of Barberries of Scorzonera Roots Candied Citron and Orange-peels Candied Saccharum Perlatum Salt of Coral Take Water of Borage Bugloss of each two ounces and an half Alexipharmick-water three Drams Cinnamon-water two Drams Saccharum Perlatum half an ounce Confection of Hiacinth half a Dram prepared Crabs eyes two Scruples Spirit of Salt four Drops Mix them Let the Patient now and then take one or two Spoonfuls Externally Cupping glasses and Leeches but chiefly Scarification must be used although there are some of our Chirurgeons which altogether reject Scarification nevertheless happily curing their Patients by the following Medicines which resist Putrefaction External Medicaments against a Gangrene Roots of Angelica round Birthwort Herbs of Wormwood Holy-Thistle Tobacco Rue Colewort Germander Flowers of Elder St. John's Wort Mellilot Camomil Lye Brine Ink Urine Spirit of Wine Treacle Ung. Aegyptiacum Fuscum of Felix Wortz Horse-dung Some mix Hemlock in Plaisters or Poultices and use it with success Or Take the Tops of Wormwood Camomil and Elder flowers of each half a handful Leaves of Germander a handful and half Rue half a handful Crums of brown Bread seven ounces Horse-dung three ounces Boyl them in Brine in the end adding to them Ink two ounces Spirit of Wine three ounces Make it into a Cataplasm The sound part ought also to be preserved partly by keeping the Humors from flowing and partly by keeping the Gangrene from spreading For this purpose the Red defensive Plaister or the Cerot of Virgo is good as also this following Cataplasm Take Bolearmonick half an ounce Powder of Galls Cypress-nuts Pomegranate-rinds of each three Drams Barley-meal six Ounces Oxymel simplex as much as is sufficient to make it into a Cataplasm Or Take Seal'd Earth Bolearmenick of each half an ounce prepared Harts-horn a dram Camphire a Scruple Rose-vinegar an Ounce Oyl of Mirtles three ounces white of an Egg Make it into a Linament Cure of a Gangrene caused from Cold. The part gangren'd if not grown black but as yet appears very red with pain the Patient is to be placed at the Fire but not too near but at a distance
10. Of Nerves 233 11. Of the Flesh 237 12. Of the Skin 243 13. Of the Fat Nails and Hair 247 14. Of the generation of the Blood and its Circulation 250 15. The division of the Parts of the Body 266 The second Book of the Head 1. OF the outward parts of the Head 268 2. Of the inward parts of the Head 292 3. Of the Neck 296 The Third Book Of the Breast 1. OF the External parts of the Breast 300 2. Of the Internal parts of the Breast 305 The Fourth Book Of the lower Belly 1. OF the outward parts of this Belly 311 2. Of the Internal parts of the Abdomen 314 The Fifth Book Of the Joynts 1. OF the Hands 332 2. Of the Feet 337 An Index to the Treatise of the Plague A Description of the Plague Page 1 It 's Cause 3 It 's Diagnostick 5 Prognostick 6 It 's Cure 9 Whether Bleeding and Purging is convenient 9 10 The use of Sudorificks 11 Medicaments against the Plague 12 Symptoms of the Plague are 18 Feaver Ibid. Drowsiness 20 Continual watchings 21 Great pain of the Head Ibid. Vomiting and the Hicough 22 A Loosness 23 Spots 25 Bubo Ibid. Preservatives against the Plague 32 Practical Observation 36 BARBETTY'S CHIRURGERY The First Part. CHAP. I. Of Manual Operations in general ALthough the word Chirurgery signifies all Manual Operations in general yet by reason of its pre-eminence above all the rest it is now only given to that Art which endeavours to remove the Diseases of the Body by the assistance of the Hands 'T is true that External Accidents require not only the help of the Hands but also Internal Means therefore it is no wonder for a Part of Physick to require the whole Chirurgery being a Part which depends upon the Body of Physick But these internal Medicines we impart to you not as Chirurgeons but as Physicians The General Operations of this Art to which all the particular ones may be reduced are of four sorts 1. Synthesis which teacheth how to unite parts disjointed 2. Diaeresis To separate parts unnaturally joyned 3. Exaeresis To remove what is superfluous 4. Anaplerosis To supply those that are wanting CHAP. II. Of Synthesis or Vnition UNition is of two sorts one regards the Hard and Boney the other the Soft and Fleshy parts of the Body The Unition of Bones is again twofold the one setting Bones broken the other reducing Bones wrenched or disjointed We will begin with Fractures CHAP. III. Of the Nature Difference Signs Prognosticks and Cure of Fractures in general A Fracture is a Solution of Continuity in the hard parts of the Body caused by an hard Instrument externally forced upon the part The Differences are taken 1. From the Manner there being some transverse which are properly called Fractures others that are made according to the length of the Bone called Fissures and others are Comminutions when the Bone is broken into many small parts 2. From the Part it being some times in the Head sometimes in the Shoulders Ribs Arms Legs c. 3. From the Accidents there being sometimes a Wound accompanying it at other times a Dislocation Inflamation Gangrene c. Cause is Whatever is able to break bruise or cut Sometimes also a Bone corrupted by the Pox Gout or otherwise hath been broken without any external force Signs A Bone being transversly or obliquely broke by handling it you perceive an inequality the Patient is scarce able to move the Part affected and sometimes that Part is shorter than the other the Thigh Leg or Foot being broken the Patient cannot stand at all but he may somewhat though with pain in a Dislocation And this is the surest difference between a Fracture and a Dislocation A Fissure is discerned by the thickness pain and unevenness of the Part and requireth the judgment of a skilful Chirurgion A Comminution is easie to be perceived the Bone being very unequal and here and there yielding to the Fingers Prognosticks A Transverse Fracture is more easie to cure than an Oblique or when accompanied with apparent Inequalities that where but one Bone is broken than where two are or where the Bones are much shattered that which â—s made in the midst of the Bone than what happens to be near the Head and a single one than a compound If the Patient remain undressed beyond the seventh day the Member is in danger of mortifying especially if that the Part be too â—ard bound The Cure A broken Bone requires these four Operations Extention Conjoining Ligature Well-placing and withal the application of outward and inward Remedies Extention can hardly be performed without pain which yet will be much less if the Member be so extended that the Muscles do not labour that is to say The Part must be so laid that when in health they could hold out longest without tiring Sometimes the extension must be greater sometimes lesser which will be performed aright if regard be had to the time of the Fracture to the Age of the Patient and to the greatness of the Bone A recent Fracture a tender Patient a small Bone require a gentler Extention on the contrary an old Fracture a strong Patient and a big Bone a greater The manner of extending I describe not because it is better learnt by the frequent view of Practice than by Reading After Extention you are to join the Bones together in the doing of which the Muscles must not be wrested but retain their natural position and figure Then the Part must be bound with a double Rowler the first is to be rowled thrice about the Fracture and then upwards The second which must be twice as long is to be once wound about the Fracture proceeding downwards and then upwards again a little higher than the first Rowler to which you will give more firmness if you bind some convenient Splints of Wood or rather of Past-board round about the Member The Ligature ought not to be too strait lest it cause pain and rob the Part of its nourishment nor too loose lest the Bones slip out of their place And unless great pain or other symptoms require it must not be opened before the third day and at the second dressing it must be bound somewhat closer and afterwards changed but once every four five or six dayes Lastly The Part ought to be well placed that is softly evenly and a little raised If you lay it too low the Bone will bend outwards if too high it will bend inwards Wherefore you must observe a mean Now whether these four Operations have been duly performed may be known by the ensuing Signs The Extention is well done if the part be strait and as long as its fellow if it appear to outward view every where even and a little hollow about the Fracture The joining together is duly made if the Bone be any thing firm and all about the Fracture be found equal The Ligature is as it ought to be if the Patient as soon
less danger than the next foregoing and people oftner recover upon it yea Learned Writers assure us that by this Operation and the use of Injection they have cured many of Ulcers of the Lungs Concerning the Place of Opening Authors are not agreed in it the reason whereof is obvious For the Diaphragma runs higher in some persons than in others whence it comes to pass that the collected Humors in some Patients lie higher than in others Secondly the Chest is raised in some flat in others which here much alters the case Besides the Lungs do often grow so fast to the Pleura that the sanious matter cannot easily be carried into the Cavity of the Breast In which case it would be ill done to chose the place of Opening lowest in respect of the Diaphragma And in regard that in this as in other swellings the most eminent place is esteemed the most convenient for opening it cannot be otherwise but that one Chirurgeon hath made choice of this place and another useth that place as the best Upon which account Hyppocrates Guido Amatus Lusitanus c. do make the apertion between the third and fourth Rib counting from beneath upwards Fienus Riverius and many others between the fourth and fifth Paulus Aegineta Vidus Vidius Fabritius ab Aquapendente Sennertus c. between the fifth and sixth which place in my opinion is the safest for if higher the Pericardium if lower the Diaphragma may be wounded of which there have been many sad Examples But in this difference of dissenting Writers what hath been said will direct you to pass into the safest Haven All things therefore well considered chuse the place where to make your Apertion not the forepart for before the Sternum or Breast-bone will hinder your operation here nor in the back-part for the Ribs are so close to one another that without hurting some Vessels you cannot make any Apertion there but on the side four or five inches from the Sternum Neither ought the Incision to be so near to the upper Ribs as to the lower because the intercostal Vessels viz. the Vein Artery and Nerve lie in the lower part of each Rib where Nature hath assigned them a place branching themselves into the middle of the intercostal Muscles which dissemination nevertheless hinders not but that the Incision may be made in the middle between the two Ribs After you have marked the place with Ink charge the Patient to breath forth as long as possibly he can without taking it in and in the mean time make an oblique but small Orifice and put into it a Silver or Leaden Pipe and take forth four or five ounces of Matter to run out in a day In case the Matter does not come forth well place your Patient on the wounded side and make him to cough if by reason of its toughness it will not yet come forth then inject into the cavity some abstersive exsiccating and healing Medicines As Take Goats whey eighteen ounces Honey of Roses four ounces the Juice of Celandine and Smallage of each six drams Mingle it Or Take the Roots of Comfrey the greater an ounce of Sanicle half an ounce the Leaves of Betony Agrimony Periwincle Burnet of each half a handful the Cordial Flowers two pugils the Seed of St. John'swort Holy-Thistle Roman-Nettle of each half a dram Boil them in Water and Honey to a pint and half strain it and keep it for your use Of this Injection the Patient may also drink a little twice or thrice a day It is yet further to be observed that the collected Matter is often contained in a Membrane of its own and by its rising manifests it self from without and then the Latines call it Vomica Pulmonis In which case you must not stay till the Membrane breaks of its self for by delay the Matter flowing up and down is more difficulty to be got out of the Breast but open it presently taking no other place but the most raised part of the swelling Now since an Empyema for the most part follows upon a Pleurisie and 't is dayly found that ignorant Chirurgeons take all kind of pain in the Sides Belly and Breast although caused from Winds only for a Pleurisie thereupon immediately opening a Vein I thought therefore necessary to write in this place of the Pleurisie as much as is necessary for a Chirurgeon to know for the preventing such mistakes The Pleurisie then is an inflammation of the Pleura and commonly of the Lungs themselves caused from afflux of Blood accompanied with Pain Cough spitting of Blood shortness of Breath continual Feaver strong and quick Pulse The Cause is the Blood sometimes alone when a true Pleurisie sometimes mixt with other Humors then it occasions a Bastard one The Signs as may be seen in the Description are so evident that those who know not how to distinguish it from a Cholick are not worthy of any excuse The Prognosticks The sooner the matter is concocted and the whiter and easier 't is ejected the quicker and safer is the Issue If the Cough and difficulty of breathing lessen not by a copious Expectoration 't is an ill sign If the Patient come not to spit the third or fourth day then will he scarce see the seventh If upon Bleeding and other fit means the pain cease not the Patient must either die or the Pleurisie will turn to a Consumption or an Empyema The Cure In this case Bleeding is one of the most necessary and safest means of Cure and if used in time the Patient in the very Operation and before the Vein be closed will find relief and sometimes be altogether freed of the pain Nor do I know any Disease in which there may to the Patient's benefit be so much Blood taken away at once as in this There are different Opinions concerning what side the Patient is to bleed on But those have had little Experience of this sickness who have not found that Patients at least in these Countreys are relieved much more and sooner when they are bled in the Arm of the same side where the Pain is than when it is done in the opposite side The Pain not ceasing in four and twenty hours we are necessitated to bleed twice or thrice most commonly in the same Arm but here you must well observe the Patient's strength After letting Blood sometimes Purging Swearing and Expectorating Remedies are very necessary One only Medicine I cannot conceal from you because of its Excellency The Industrious Physitian Dr. Hadden in his Cure of the Pleurisie hath much commended it and I have after once Bleeding always in the beginning used it with great success viz. Take the Juice of Dandelion an ounce and half the Water of Plantane two ounces of Holy-Thistle and Scabious Syrup of Poppies Erratick of each an ounce Crabs-Eyes a scruple and half Mix it Let the Patient every half hour take down a spoonful or two of it until the Flux be stopped After which you
the Birth If any one of these be wanting then one of these four things necessarily happens either 1. Both the Mother and the Child although they may live yet there follows no Exclusion 2. Or the Mother lives and the Child dies 3. Or the Child lives and the Mother dies 4. Or both the Mother and Infant dies Causes hindering Labour are 1. When the Pains of the Birth are none or not sufficient 2. The great weakness of the Mother 3. The greatness and strength of the Child and on the contrary the slender and tender Constitution of the Mother or when the passages are so straight that the Infant cannot come through them 4. The number of Children especially if they endeavor to come forth at the same time 5. The transverse or any other preternatural posture of the Child 6. If the Child in the Birth it self be fallen down with its Head upon the fore-port of the Ossa-Pubis which case Authors of the greatest account whom I know and our Midwives have not at all observed so by how much the greater the Pains of the Birth are there is so much the less hope of coming out except the Head be first a little raised and the Foetus be turned towards the back and so into its true passage by the hand of the Midwife 7. The Weakness of the Child it self which makes it not able to add any thing towards its Exclusion 8. The Death of the Child 9. The not sufficient recesses of the Hip-bones towards the Back for the Ossa-Pubis except in the very hardest Labours and then but very seldom do divide The Signs of a Dead Child are as followeth The Mother feels no more the Motion of the Infant although strengthening Cordials be exhibit'd but in this case when the Infant is as it were tir'd stirs it self a little you have a much more certain Sign Take a piece of the Crum of Bread and dip it in Canary Wine and apply it to the Navel of the Mother then open a Vein in the Foot and if by the use of these things there follows not a motion of the Infant it is a very ill Sign When the Mother turns her self from one side to the other and perceives the Child to fall on the side laid upon like a stone or a great weight the Face and chiefly the Lips grow pale the extream parts cold as likewise the lower Belly the Paps begin to grow lank the Breath becomes fetid great pains of the Head Faintings and Fevers Water and stinking Gleet flows out of the Womb If the After-Birth be excluded before the Child 't is impossible the Child can live long but the surest sign of all is if the Membrane of the Head of the Child be not observed to be any longer tense for as long as it is tense the Infant lives Prognostick Except the dead Child be suddenly drawn forth it puts the Mother in great hazard of Life The Fever not being great other Symptoms though great and fearful yet take not away the hope of recovery The Cure If Medicines with the aid of Mother and Midwife profit little then must the business be committed wholly to the Chirurgeon except the Woman be too weak or the Child having been dead for many days which he ought to consider lest he lose both his Credit and Labour But first it is diligently to be enquired into which of the Causes it is that hinders the Birth If the Child be greater and the passage straighter than usually they ought to be dilated this some Midwives do with convenient Instruments and so draw forth the Child alive but where they are wanting the Midwife must clutch her hand very close and thrust through the Internal Orifice into the Womb it self then putting her Fingers one after another through the Orifice into the inner part of the Womb to discover the situation of the Child and if she finds the Arms or Feet to come inconveniently let her gently raise it up bringing the Head downwards which if she finds to be next the Orifice if possible let her put in her other hand through the Pudenda into the Womb and so with both her hands laying hold of it draw it forth But if this Operation cannot be performed then with a hook firmly fixt lest it injure the inside of the Womb in the Mouth Eye or Ear of the Child and so gently draw it forth and if the Faetus will not follow then with another Hook blunt on the out-side and sharp within let him cut in pieces the Belly Breast or Head of the Child and if the Arms or Legs cannot be brought forth let him cut them off so at length being deprived of its Limbs the remainder may be drawn forth But if by this way the Woman can neither be deliver'd with a sharp and strong Knife the Limbs one after another are to be cut out and so the Child be drawn forth by piece-meal It is necessary that this be perform'd by none but a good Anatomist The Secundine will presently follow the Birth for it 's of no use that being excluded for the Mouth of the Womb suddenly after delivery is so closly shut that not without great pain it can admit the Hand of the Midwife therefore the Midwife as soon as may be is to draw it forth and with her fingers if it sticks very close to the Womb gently to separate it but not pluck it a way forcibly which is mortal and although many Writers and Midwives of inferior Rank little regard the retention of the After-Birth for some time after delivery yet I think I have good reason to pronounce it one of the greatest Symptoms of Womens Labour CHAP. XXIV Of the Extirpating of a Mortified Part. WHen a Dead Part altogether becomes useless that it may not do any injury to the neighboring Parts it is to be taken away But in what place Most convenient is the Joynt but the cure by such Extirpation is render'd more difficult and the use of the Part altogether lost therefore the Extirpation is better to be made two or three or more fingers breadth below the Joynt except the Mortification hath extended it self to the uppermost part of the Arms or Thighs for then we are forced to take the Joynt it self But again in what Part whether in the whole or Mortified The Amputation is more safe in the sound Part although accompanied with greater Pain The common way both of the Ancient and Modern The Patient having receiv'd convenient nourishment is to be placed upon a Form then let the Skin and fubjacent Muscles be drawn up as much as possible by a strong Man and there kept and an inch above the place where the Member is design'd to be taken off with a narrow Ligature is the Part to be very hard bound this done with a dismembring Knife the Skin with the Flesh is speedily to be cut all round to the Part and the Periostium by scraping is to be separated from the Bone
and if it be where there is a double Bone as in the Leg and below the Elbow the Flesh and Ligaments between them is to be divided which being performed let the Bone be separated with a very sharp Saw If the Flux of Blood be not great to apply only those Medicines that stop Blood will be sufficient but if great an actual Cautery is to be used which is only to be applied upon the great Vessels then let the Ligature be taken off and the Part be fitly bound up If either the Patient or Chirurgeon be averse to the use of a Cautery then as soon as the Member is taken off let the Skin together with the Flesh in four distinct places opposite one to the other be taken up with a Needle and waxed Thread and the Ligature being loosened above or drawn down that if possible they may meet So by this way is the Hemorage staid the Bone preserved from all danger and the Wound sooner cured But this way is painful and troublesom therefore ought it the seldomer to be used Aquapendens his way When the principal design of Art in this Operation is to put a stop to Putrefaction to cause as little pain as may be and to stay the Flux of Blood all which the above-quoted Author thinks may be done if the Member be amputated in the dead Part but near to the sound then the Bone being divided with burning-hot Irons let the remainder of the dead Part be cauterized till the Patient perceive the heat of the Fire So he writes that by this course a Flux of Blood is not to be feared less pain is caused and within the space of two or three days will appear a separation of the Mortified Part from the Sound but in my opinion we ought to consider well of the Cause For in a Spacelus sprung from an Internal Cause in a Body otherwise sound this way is the best but in a Spacelus caused from a defect of innate Heat the former is more profitable CHAP. XXV Of the Fleshy Rupture SArcocele which is a Fleshy Rupture is a Tumor besides Nature produced from impure Blood flowing in too great quantity itno the Testicles and there degenerated into Flesh In this Definition received by the best Physitians and Chirurgeons I note two things 1. The cause of this Tumor not to be impure Blood seeing the best may produce it not simply abounding in quantity because it also happens in wasted Bodies though 't is not so soon generated nor arrives to such a greatness in these as in those Bodies but the true cause is the Erosion Rupture or Dilatation of the Membranes which close the Mouths of the Capillary Vessels that the nutritious Blood may not flow too suddenly into the Part from whence more Blood flows into the Part than what is required for its nourishment and Nature changeth that Blood which otherwise would purifie into a fleshy Substance 2. This flesh sometimes grows to the second of the common Tunicles of the Scrotum and not to the Testicles in which case it may be taken aways without either hurting or cutting of them out Signs are the hardness and slow encrease of the Tumor which is rather more troublesome than painful except accompanied with sharp Humors no appearance of any Tumor in the Groin Prognosticks A Sarcocele is hardly cured by the help of Medicines and seldom by manual Operation without taking off the Testicle if it extends it self into the Groins for the most part incurable Cure In the beginning when the Membranes of the Vessels being eroded broke or dilated do give leave for too much leave to issue forth Bleeding and the use of Repelling and Restringent Medicines profit much but when it hath begun to augment then we may use these following means Let there be made a little Orifice into the Scrotum rather in its Superior then Inferior Part through which by the help of Plegets let Suppurating Medicines be applied so that if possible to waste the Flesh every dressing diligently wiping away the Matter but not at all that the remaining Flesh may be the better consumed If these things succeed not draw forth the Testicle and by Incision take off as much Flesh as may be done without injury to it then restore it again into its place and the remainder of the Flesh endeavor to consume by Suppuration But if there be no hope of curing this Rupture by the recited means draw forth the Hernious Testicle as far as you may then pass once or twice a Silken Thred above the Tumor by the Process of the Peritonaeum then pass both ends of the Silk through the Orifice it self so that which was on the right side may be on the left and that of the left on the right and having ordered that the process of the Peritonaeum may be tied with a knot then cut off the Testicle letting both the ends of the Silk hang out of the Scrotum and so cure it as another Wound I cannot here but friendly advise 1. The Chirurgeon ought to consider well of the Cause before he comes to the Operation it self for sometimes the Parastates are so swell'd especially the Testicles being Scirrhous that they may easily deceive a very curious Examiner 2. The Ligature ought to be made as near to the Tumor as possible for by how much the higher part of the Process of the Peritonaeum be perforated it is observed to be so much the thicker which thing will retard the Suppuration and the falling of the Thread in the mean time Convulsions coming on denounce death 3. The Spermatick Vessels detain'd in the Scrotum oftentimes by Natures variety exceed the Testicles themselves in greatness which causes no other inconvenience but only Fear which I have observed to be true in more than one CHAP. XXVI The Extraction of the Stone out of the Bladder THe Stone is a hard Body concreted from Slimy Salt or Earthy Matter by a peculiar Lapidifying quality causing Pain Obstruction and other Symptoms in the place where it is detained The Cause is a Pituitous Salt or Earthy Matter which neither by heat nor cold by a peculiar lapidifying quality is changed into a Stone Signs The Urine is white slimy crude and troubled suddenly adhering to the Urinal sometimes it is bloody sometimes sandy or gravelly sometimes full of little Threads and not seldom supprest a great thirst a frequent making of Urine but with pain and by drops The Patients place themselves with their Thighs across always holding their Privy-Parts in their hands pressing the bottom of their Belly the Privy-Part is always erected very painful to go or walk in the Region of the Belly a weight perceived the Patient seldom making Water without going to Stool the Intestine commonly falls out especially in young People Although all these Signs seem plain yet they may sometimes deceive a Phisician it was formerly the Custom with a Catheter passed through the Ureter into the Bladder then
Discussives exceed afterwards we use only Discussives though sometimes stronger sometimes weaker according to the condition of the Disease Take Aloes three drams Bole-armenick half an ounce Acacia Dragons blood Cyprus Roots powdered of each two drams Saffron half a dram Rose-Vinegar an ounce and half Oyl of Mirtle and Earth-worms of each an ounce Wax as much as is sufficient to make it into a Linament Another stronger Take Crude Brimstone Ashes of Vine Branches Sal-Gemme of each two drams Bean-meal two ounces Vinegar an ounce Oyl of Nuts a dram Turpentine and Wax as much as sufficeth either to make it into the Consistence of an Ointment or Cerat Another yet stronger Take Laudanum an ounce and half Frankincense an ounce Styrax-Camitis half an ounce Brimstone six drams Alom Salt-peter Ashes of each two drams Cows-dung half an ounce Oyl of Rue an ounce Turpentine and Pitch as much as sufficeth to make a Plaister An Excellent Cataplasm Take Roots of Marsh-mallows three ounces Bryony Dwarf-Elder of each 2 ounces Leaves of Sage and Rue of each a handful Savin half a handful Boil them in equal parts of Wine and Water in the end adding of Vinegar three ounces then being well beat together add Bean-meal two ounces and a half Ashes half an ounce Cows-dung one ounce Salt half an ounce Leaven an ounce and half Oyl of Camomil four ounces Hoggs-grease two ounces Make it into a Cataplasm If it comes to an Abscess which rarely happens this Poultice is Excellent especially if the Vinegar be omitted and in its room Onions and a quantity of Unguentum Basilicon be added If an Oedema proceed from a Consumption Dropsie or ill habit of Body till those Diseases be cured that cannot I have used often to Cure an Oedema with this Wine or Purging Conserve and exactly rowling the Arms or Legs with Rowlers of 12 or 15 yards long beginning from below upwards and so allowing no liberty for the Humor to descend By this way the Noble Parts are Corroborated the Preternatural Humors Evacuated and the External Members in a few days space restored to their former Condition Take Roots of Orrise Floren. an ounce Sea-holly and Parsley of each half an ounce Rhubarb Agarick Trochis of each three drams Senna six drams Cinamon two drams Cloves half a dram Sem. Siler Mont. two drams tye them in a Cloth and let them infuse in two pints of old White-Wine then take every Morning four or five ounces for a Dose Or Take of Electuary of Juice of Roses an ounce Jalap a dram Spirit of Salt a scruple Mix it in an Electuary Let the Patient take the quantity of a Bean or Hazel-Nut every third or fourth day CHAP. V. Of Scirrhus SCirrhus is a Tumor besides Nature sometimes generated of Tough Viscous Phlegm sometimes of Melancholy hard not yielding to the touch nor painful Differences It is perfect when sprung from Melancholy or Phlegm alone Imperfect when other Humors are unnaturally mixt with it Cause is Melancholy or tough Phlegm Signs great hardness void of pain of a white colour if from Phlegm if from Melancholy Livid Prognostick A Scirrhus where there is no pain and upon which the hair grows is altogether incurable and if Livid it is very dangerous and often degenerates into a Cancer An imperfect small and painful one by means sometimes although very rare may be cured Cure If the Scirrhus be produced from Phlegm the same manner of Diet is to be observed as in an Oedema but if from Melancholy you must chuse a clear Air moderately hot and moist the Meat of the saxe quality and of easie Digestion all sharp things and those that are hot in the third or fourth degree hurt Let the Drink be neither thick nor strong but warming Sadness Anger Cares Venery much Sleep hurtful but moderate Exercises very necessary Bleeding is scarce ever administred with any success but Sweating and Purging with great Amongst the External Remedies are Discussives and Emollients but yet the whole course of the Cure must be mixt now increasing the quantity of the one then of the other The use of Suppuratives in the Cure of Schirrhus hath seldom any good event There are those which try cutting out and burning which must be attributed to their rash ignorance except contained in a proper Tunicle and then the name of Schirrhus is ill attributed to that Tumor Emollient Medicines Butter the fat of Hens Geese Ducks Hogs Foxes Bears Mans Mallows Marsh-mallows Orrach Gums Ammoniacum Galbanum Bdellium Styrax Liquida Ointment of Marsh-mallows Plaisters of Diachilon of Mussilages and Mellilot Resolvents are set down in the Chapter of a Phlegmon Take Gum Galbanum Ammoniacum Oppoponax of each an ounce Flower of Brimstone Red Myrrhe of each half an ounce Camphire a dram Oyl of White-Lillies Ducks-grease of each six drams Wax as much as is sufficient to make it into a Plaister Take Roots of Marsh-mallows three ounces Orrise an ounce Leaves of Colworts Pellitory of the Wall Mallows Flowers of Camomile and Mellilot of each a handful Linseed two ounces boil them in Water and being well beat together add to them Horse-dung two ounces Hoggs-Grease Oil of Camomil of each an Ounce boil'd Onions half an Ounce Make a Cataplasm CHAP. VI. De Tumore Aquoso or Watry Tumor TUmor Aquosus is a Collection of a Watry Humor in the whole body or in some one part soft and without pain yielding to the Fingers but suddenly returning Difference Sometimes the whole body is swell'd with water which Tumor is call'd Anasarca sometimes the lower Belly only or with the Legs and then it is called Ascites if Wind mixing with the water extends the Belly like to a Drum it is call'd Tympanites These are three kinds of Dropsies whose Cure rather appertains to the Physician than Chirurgion Water collected in the Head is call'd Hydrocephalos in the Breast a Dropsie of the Lungs in the Navel a Hydromphalos in the Cods Hydrocele Cause is Serum to wit Salt-water produced from the lost heat of the parts that serv'd to Sanguification and Chylification Signs This Tumor is softer then Oedema and more yielding to the Fingers without pain with some itching and if you look on it by Candle-light very shining Prognosticks Watry Tumors are not dangerous if the principle parts that feed it are not too much debilitated yet all are of difficult Cure especially those in and about the Joynts Cure Diet is here the same as in Oedema All Salt things indurated with Smoak and too great a quantity of Drink are very hurtful as also Spirit of Wine and Pepper otherwise hot and dry Aliments are best Purging is very necessary provided it be not too great lest the parts already weak are more weakned provoking Sweat and Urine here are very profitable Bleeding by experience I know it to be hurtful to all Hydropick People Medicines Purging Water Roots of Asarum Dwarf-Elder Jalap white Mechoacans Leaves and Bark of Elder Euphorbium Turbith Gum Gutta Syrup
again but if great not so easily yielding to the touch not so strong a Pulsation but there is a noise observed as of boiling Water yet in the Head and Jaw I have found after death an Aneurism which while the man was alive there could be no Pulse perceived In the hard parts is greater Circumspection to be used than in the soft and fleshy Prognosticks It is difficultly cured if great not at all except with the taking off the Member for the most part it is a long Disease although I have seen it kill without any other accidental Cause within two years If Incision be made Death suddenly follows Cure In the beginning there may be some Hopes Astringents and Repellents and convenient Ligatures by which we do not seldom administer something of Remedy to the Patient as also the applying a piece of Lead straightly bound on have sometimes cured little Aneurisms But where the Tumor is encreased there are some would have the Skin divided and the Artery tied both above and below and cut out the middle with the Tumor and loosen not the Ligatures till the Wound is perfectly cured and there is no fear of an Hemorrage but this Operation is dangerous painful and troublesome and oft-times of little Benefit But to preserve Life I would take off the Member CHAP. XVII Of Opthalmia OPthalmia is an Inflammation of the Membranes of the Eye from Blood with Redness Pain and shedding of Tears Difference A light Inflammation and which depends from external Causes is called a Bastard Opthalmia Taraxis or Epiphora but a great Inflammation accompanied with pain and tears a true Opthalmia And if it be so great that the Eye-lids are so inflamed and as it were turned inward 't is called Chemosis Causes are two 1. Internal as Blood oft-times mixt with Serum or Choler seldom with Phlegm or Melancholy 2. External as Smoak Dust c. Signs vary according to the variety of Causes If it proceed from too great a quantity of Blood the Face looks red and the Vessels of the Eyes are extended If either from more of Serum or Choler the Redness of the Face is less but the Tears are more sharp and the pain greater if from more of Phlegm the reddish pain Heat and Acrimony of Tears are more remiss and the Eye-lids at night are as it were glewed together If from any thing of Melancholy there are but few Tears and the Eye-lids are not closed together the Inflammation is not great but stubborn Prognosticks An Opthalmia is flower cured in Children than in old people Continual pain menaceth Blindness by how much greater the Inflammation is so much the more dangerous it is Cure The Diet must be the same as in a Phlegmon all sharp things are carefully to be avoided as Garlick Radishes Mustard c. little or no Suppers profit Purging the use of Glisters Bleeding ought to be oft-times re-iterated as also Cupping-Glasses Leeches Blisters sometimes also Seatons Issues and Artereotomy it self which is not to be done by any but an expert Chirurgeon Sneezing is hurtful Provoking of Sweat is sometimes necessary sometimes not which the Physician must distinguish Dieureticks are of great use provided they are not too hot External Remedies vary according to the variety of Causes if from Smoke or Fire let them be extinguished If from Dust or any thing got into the Eyes 't is to be taken forth which is often performed by blowing or by the spurting in of Rose-water If from the inversion of the Eye-lids the Hairs are to be cut off or wholly to be pull'd out If the Eye-lids are glew'd together they are to be separated with Butter Beer or Cream the Rheum is gently to be wiped and let the Patient have a Care lest by the rubbing of his Eyes he increaseth his Disease Fat things are here hurtful Repellent Medicines except in the very beginning are not to be used or in a very slight Opthalmia Medicines good for the Eyes Roots of Valerian Solomons-Seal Orrise Vervain Herbs Betony Celandine the great Eyebright Fennel Fumitory Plantain Flowers of Roses Violets Anni-seeds Quince-seeds Linseeds Pippins boil'd or rotten Camphire Mussilage of Lin-seeds Tragacanth Fresh Veal Whites of Eggs all sorts of Milk especially Womans Tutty white and green Vitriol Saccharum Saturni Glass of Antimony White Troches of Rhasis fresh Cheese not salted Ung. Saturni A Water for the Eyes Take Waters of Eyebright and Celandine the greater of each an ounce and half White-wine six drams Glass of Antimony eight grains prepared Tutty fifteen grains White-Vitriol two grains Sugar-Candy two drams Camphire four grains Make it into a Collirium Another excellent one Take Wheat three handfuls Bruised Ginger three drams Common Salt a handful and half White-wine Water of Roses of Fennel Plantain of each ten ounces Infuse them in a Copper Vessel the space of forty days strain them and reserve the Liquor for your use Another very much esteemed Take a whole Egg boil it hard then the shell and Yolk being taking away put into the Cavity Sugar of Saturn six grains Camphire two grains White-Vitriol three Grains Honey of Roses half an ounce then press it very hard and let the prest out Liquor be dropt into the Eyes twice or thrice a day Another second to none Take Waters of Fennel and Eyebright of each a pint Common Salt six drams prepared Tutty white Vitriol of each half an ounce Let them boil a little and reserve for use Let not the great quantity of Vitriol afright any it causeth only a slight pain which suddenly vanisheth but 't is of so great virtue that it cannot sufficiently be extoll'd but its use will prove it true A Powder for the Eyes Take Dulcified Vitriol half a dram prepar'd Tutty fifteen grains Sugar-candy a scruple Make it into a fine Powder Unctious Medicines seldom are applied to the Eyes or else this Ointment is much commended Take Verdigrease twelve grains Camphire Lapis Calaminaris of each half an ounce prepared Tutty half a dram fresh-Butter washed in Rose-water two ounces Make it into an Ointment An Anodine Cataplasm Take Camomile and Melilot Flowers of each a pugil rotten Apples two ounces Fenugreek-seed an ounce Crums of Brown Bread three ounces two yolks of Eggs Saffron half a dram Boil them in Cows-milk to the consistence of a Poultice An Anodine Collirium Take the Juice of Housleek two drams Whites of Eggs half an ounce Womens-Milk two ounces Rose-water an ounce white Troches of Rhasis one scruple Opium three grains Mix them Another which I have often found excellent in the greatest pain Take Gum Tragacanth two drams Mussilage of the seeds of Fleawort three drams Rose-water and Plantain-water of each as much as sufficeth Make it into a Collyrium of an indifferent Consistence and let it be instilled by drops into the Eyes and Linnen-Cloaths wet in it outwardly applied CHAP. XVIII Of a Quinsie A Quinsie is a Tumor of the Jaws from Blood hindring Deglutition and
when we spoke concerning a Phlegmon Erysipelas Oedema Schirrhus Then Care is to be had of the Blood seeing it affords assistance to the matter and serves to unite the Wound Where it is vitiated it requires purging But if it flow in too great quantity Intercipients Repellents Revellents and Derivation must be us'd If it flow in too small quantity Aliments that nourish are convenient as also Medicines that strengthen and that move Sweat Outwardly gentle Frictions and Embrocations moderately hot Then the Cure is to be perfected by External Medicines which shall be declared in the following Chapter when we speak of the removal of the Symptoms and the Cure of Wounds themselves CHAP. IV. Of the Symptoms of Wounds THe chief Symptoms of Wounds are 1. A Fever whose Cure we commend to the Physitian ' 2. A Flegmon or Inflamation 3. An Erysipelas Of the Cure of both which look in the second and third Chapter of the first Book 4. Hemorage which not only impedes the Cure but also deprives of strength and life it self therefore great Care is to be taken that it be stopped as soon as possible which in the greater Vessels especially the Arteries is very hard to do therefore those Wounds are for the most part Mortal For Medicines that stop Blood are too weak and hard Ligatures occasion a Gangrene the surest way therefore in my opinion is an actual Cautery the lesser Vessels may and will close Some close the Wound of the Vessels with their Fingers and so hold them there while the Blood is coagulated and the Flux stopt but this Operation seldom succeeds besides the long holding of the Finger in the Wound is hurtful Therefore let the Wound together with the Vessels be forthwith clos'd by the Fingers but if you cannot come to do this outwardly make a compress upon the Vessel which done wipe away the Blood with a Spunge then sprinkle some restringent Powder but not over the whole Wound which is used to be done by the ignorant but only upon the Vessels then bind up the Wound continuing the use of the Medicines stopping Bleeding while there appears no longer any Blood not neglecting in the mean time Generals viz. Scarification and Bleeding c. Medicines that stop a Flux of Blood Roots of Bistort Cinquefoil Tormentil Comfrey the greater Red Saunders Lignum Leutisci Pomegranate-rinds Mastick Talk Acacia Dragons-Blood Amber Sarcocols Frankincense the hairs of a Hare Os sepiae burnt-Crabs Whites of Eggs Mummy Cobwebs red Coral Chalk Bloodstone Bole-Armenick Aloes succotrine Frogs dried and powdered crude Vitriol burnt Vitriol Take fine Meal three ounces Dragons-Blood Frankincense of each an ounce and half Bole Sealed Earth of each two drams Talk six drams dried Frogs an ounce Hares hair cut very small a dram and a half Whites of Eggs dried in the Sun and powdered half an ounce New Spunges torrified an ounce white Vitriol a dram Mix them and make them into a fine Powder 5. Pain which must of necessity be eased because it creates watchings and dejects the Spirits and is cause of the Flux of Humors to the Party affected and of Inflamation Fever and Gangrene but the Causes are diligently to be considered For if either Medicines that are sharp or too hot occasion it they are presently to be altered 'T is better to confess the Error than pertinaciously to persevere in it If any foreign Body remains in the Wound it must be drawn forth If pain comes from the choaking in of the Matter you must allow it a free passage If an Inflamation be the cause of it its Remedies are set down in the second Chapter of the first Book You must apply to the Wound those things which ease pain and are anodine as Oyl of Roses Linseed Camomile Worms sweet Almonds Poppies c. Take Oyl of Roses of Poppy-seeds of Camomile of each an ounce the White of an Egg Saffron a scruple Mix them But if the pain cease not with these or the like Medicines it is a sign that some Nerve is wounded or affected by consent The Cure shall be set down in the following 6. Convulsion or Spasm this shews the Malignity of the Humor or the ill constitution of the Nerves neither of them promising any good Here must be used both Internal and External Medicines appropriated to the Disease the Internal by reason of the diversity of causes we commend to the Physitian External Medicines for a Convulsion Balsam of Peru the fat of Geese Castor Foxes Rams Mans Horse-dung Oyls of Juniper Lavender Ol. Philosophorum Amber Turpentine Rue Marjoram Worms Castor Orise Bays Petraeleum Ointments of Agrippa Martiatum Ung. Nervorum Spirit of Wine Take Oyl of Snails Worms Sesamin of each an ounce of the Grease of Rams and Foxes of each half an ounce fresh Butter six drams Spirit of Wine three ounces Let them boil till the Spirit be consumed then add Oyl of Spike distilled Rosemary Amber of each two drams Mix it into an Ointment Against a Convulsion there cannot a better Remedy be invented than distill'd Oyl of Lavender some few drops being given in some convenient Liquor and anointing well the convulsed part 7. Hypersarcosis or too great increase of flesh which if it happens from abundance of Blood the flesh is solid and otherwise well conditioned but if from the too weak quality of drying Medicines it is spungy of the same nature as when the Bone underneath is rotten In the former Case Bleeding is convenient and sometimes fasting and the use of strong drying Medicines In the latter the Medicines must be very strongly drying that are applied Detersive and Corroding Remedies are here good Medicines against too great increase of Flesh Burnt-Spunges Burnt-Allom Galls Aloes the Bark of Frankincense Tutty Verdigrease burnt Vitriol Praecipitate Arsenick A Green Corrosive Water Take crude Allom Verdigrease of each two drams boil them in eighteen ounces of white-Wine to a wasting of the fourth part strain them and add Camphire a dram Mix them A Powder very drying and somewhat corroding Take Galls Balaustions burnt-Allom Frankincense Myrrhe of each a dram Dragons-Blood Ceruse Verdigrease of each half a dram Make it into a Powder 8. A Gangrene and Sphacelus concerning which look in the fourteenth Chapter of the first Book of the second Part of Chirurgery CHAP. V. Of the drawing forth Extraneous Bodies out of the Wound NO Wound ought to be joined together as long as any Extraneous Body remains in it for otherwise after some little time it will break out into an Ulcer The Blood by which Nature unites the divided Parts if it flow in great quantity to the wounded Part and there coagulates 't is to be removed by Expression sucking it out or by any other way for so there will be less Matter generated and the Symptoms fewer but where an Haemorage is feared all the Blood is not to be cleansed away Where Hairs are about the Wound they are to be removed If Sand or any such like thing remain
it remains for some time in the same condition 3. When it relaxeth so that it is restored into its former seat and quiet by its Antagonist The Glandulous flesh is white thick and spungy formed of seed from whence it cannot properly be call'd flesh to this purpose ordained 1. To prop up the Vessels 2. To receive the superfluous Humidities whence they are called the Emuâ—ctories of the noble Parts Some Anatomists make strange diversities of them but it will appear to any one that diligently enquires into all the Glandules that they differ not so much in substance as in their Use and Humor The Viscerous flesh or the Parenchemick is red hard convenient to prop the Vessels and to serve for many particular and various operations this is the flesh of the Lungs Heart Liver Spleen which shall be treated of in their places Chirurgical Considerations The Muscles are subject to many Diseases very many of which are of so little consequence that they shall not be numbred here some we have declared in another place the following require consideration oftentimes wonderfully exercising the patience and diligence of the Chirurgeon 1. An Atrophy of the whole Body oftentimes comes from an Internal Cause But if of the Finger Hand Arm Foot for the most part from an External Cause Thus a Fracture Luxation Contusion Tumor too hard Ligature and the like so vehemently compressing the Veins and Arteries that it hinders the free passage of the Blood to the Parts upon which happens an Emacitation for where the Vessels are wholly divided or stopt so that the least quantity of Blood cannot be carried to the Parts there follows not a Wasting of the Part but a Mortification in this Case the External Causes must be removed And care is to be taken that the Blood may again be carried to the Part Here chafing the Part and the use of Nettles as many will is good the Chymists commend much Alumen Plumosum all hot Oyls likewise are here good and this Oyntment is of excellent vertue Take fresh tops of Savin Juniper Lovage of each two handfuls Camomile Flowers Juniper-berries of each two handfuls Oyl of Bayes White-Lillies of each twelve ounces Hogs-grease three ounces Dogs-grease an ounce and half Aqua vitae two ounces Boil them to the consumption of the moisture then add to the express'd Liquor Oyl of Spike three drams Juniper a dram Mustard-seed in Powder half a an ounce Roots of Pellitory of Spain Long-Pepper powdred of each two draws Yellow wax as much as is sufficient to make it into an Ointment Or Take Pulvis Amianti three drams Roots of Pellitory of Spain a dram and half Castor Euphorbium Oyl of Earth of each two drams Gum Ammoniacum an ounce and half Laudanum and Wax as much as sufficeth to make it into a Plaister 2. The true reason of the generation of Wens in my opinion is this the mouths of the Arteries appointed to carry nourishment to the Muscles sometimes are more opened than they ought to be whether it be by Fall or Blow or from an internal Cause especially in Plethorick People and in Parts disorderly moved the native heat converts the extravasated Blood into Flesh But seeing the Member requires not so great a quantity of nourishment it increaseth into a preternatural Swelling and if this Blood be impure Choler produceth Pain Phlegm Viscousness Melancholy a Cartilaginous hardness and 't is to be attributed to these Humors that this preternatural flesh is more yellow white or livid 'T is seldom included in a proper Tunicle except where Phlegm is its greatest Cause and then those Tumors are generally in the Neck The Veins grow big according to the increase of the Tumor so that under the Skin they appear as thick as ones Thumb 'T is not in it self malignant yet by ill applications may be easily made so Air is very hurtful if the Tumor be exposed to it For the most part the best Remedies are here used to little purpose on the contrary the Tumor more and more increasing You cannot promise any Cure except you take it away by a Thred Knife or both In the beginning the Medicines that are to be applied ought to be very astringent and repelling the Part is gently to be rouled having applied to it either a Plate of Lead or a Diachalcitheos Plaister or of Frogs with Mercury or the following Take Pomegranate-rinds Bistort-roots of each one dram Scales of Iron Quick-silver Burnt-Lead of each two drams Bole-armenick Lapis Haematitis of each a dram and half Turpentine Wax as much as is sufficient to make it into a Plaister according to Art In the mean time Purging Bleeding Scarification and the Application of Leeches are not to be neglected Sweating also Watchings and Abstinence profit very much But if the Tumor yields not to these Remedies but daily increaseth Suppuratives are to be applied but if these within few days effect nothing and the Tumor continuing in the same state an actual Cautery may be used which let not the contrary Opinions either of Chirurgeons or standers-by hinder for by its use the increase of the Tumor will be stayed for a long time yea sometimes the Disease will be wholly eradicated But if the Flesh begins to repullulate again beyond expectation the Surgeon ought not to defer to endeavour either by a Thred or Knife its extirpation the Thred being small and strong must be twice wound about the neck of the Tumor and tied with a double knot which must be straightned the same day and so every day until the Tumor be deprived of its colour sense and life which is within seven or eight days then 't is to be taken off with a crooked Knife which is very easie to perform seeing neither any great pain or flux of Blood is to be feared If the Thred be wet in Mercurial or Arsenick-water it hastens the mortification of this Tumor But in this Operation a Phlegmatick Body is required for in other Bodies pain and inflamation do so much afflict the Patient that 't is seldom that the Thred in a short time should take them off yet the Chirurgeon may to lessen the Symptoms and to cool anoint with a Feather the part which the Thred toucheth with white camphorated Ointment of Roses or the like continually putting the Patients in mind how that others bear it more quietly But if you design to use a Knife only the whole Tumor must be endeavoured to be taken away except you will consume the remaining by Medicines which is very rarely effected besides the Chirurgeon must have a Care that he divides not the greater Vessels lest there follows a Flux of Blood not to be stopped 3. The Viscerous Flesh belongs rather to the Physicians care than the Chirurgeons 4. Of the Glandulous Flesh we have treated particularly in several places In general 't is to be noted 1. That the Glandules are of a cold temperament therefore require hot Medicines but very ill suffers cold 2.
together In great Noses there are likewise two other Muscles which we call'd Aperientes which open the Nostrils The Mouth the Gate of Air Speech and Nourishment hath two Lips the parts of each side call'd Cheeks as that below is call'd the Chin. The Lips have two Muscles common to the Jaw 1. Quadratus or drawing backward In some this motion is performed by the Zygomative 2. Buccinator The upper Lip hath two Muscles proper to it self 1. Sursum Trahens or drawing it upwards 2. Deorsum Movens or moving it downwards The under Lip hath but one Deorsum trahens or drawing it downward Common to both the Lips are 1. Obliquè sorsum trahens or drawing them obliquely upwards 2. Obliquè deorsum trahens or drawing them obliquely downwards 3. Sphincter Oris Constrictor or Orbicularis which purseth the Mouth together The inward parts of the Mouth are the Teeth the Gums the Palat Uvula Tongue and Os hyodis Of the Teeth we have treated The Gums offer nothing worthy a particular consideration The Palat consists of a sensible Membrane common to the Stomach which hath its rise from the Dura Mater The Uvula is a long little Body it hath two Ligaments as many Muscles but very little The Tongue as a Sword-cutting out Honour either well or ill as it is moved by pure or impure Spirits behind is fastned to the Larinx Os Hyodis to the Jaws and to the Tonsils before to a certain Membranous and strong Body whose extremity makes the String of the Tongue Of both sides the string lies a Glandule call'd Ranina from the neighboring Vessels It hath two Veins call'd Raninae from the Jugulars two Arteries from the temporal two great Nerves from the seventh pare as also many little ones from the fourth and fifth It is destitute of Fat. Its Muscles are 1. Genioglossus which brings the Tongue forward 2. Styloglossus which draws it upwards 3. Myloglossus which draws it obliquely upward 4. Basiglossus which draws it directly inward 5. Ceratoglossus pulling it downwards Os Hyodis by the assistance of Muscles and Ligaments is tied to the sharp process of the temperal Bones and to the Buckler-like Cartilage of the Larinx it is composed of five united Bones the middlemost of these which is the greatest call'd the Basis of the Tongue hath two Cartilaginous Productions which often degenerate into Bones It hath four Muscles on each side 1. Geniohyodes raising it directly upwards 2. Sternohyodes moving it directly downwards 3. Styloceratohyodes obliquely bringing it upwards 4. Coracohyodes obliquely drawing it downwards All these are the outward parts of the Head which is either solely moved by its own proper Muscles or together with them likewise with the Muscles of the Neck these shall be treated of hereafter The proper Muscles are 1. Flectens or the nodding Muscle 2. Splenius or the Muscle that shakes the Head 3. Complexus the associate of the Splenius 4 5. Obliqui drawing the Head obliquely backwards 6 7. Recti drawing the Head straight backwards Chirurgical Considerations Very many as well Internal as External Diseases take their rise from the Head which is is not improperly compared to a House-roof that receives the vapours of the whole House which afterwards being changed into a Catharre distils upon the inferiour parts creating a Pain and Palsie in the Joynts an inflamation in the Eyes and Jawes c. a shortness of breathing in the Breast and in the Stomach a depraved Chylification in the Guts a looseness c. some of the External Diseases shall here be considered by us the Internal belong to the consideration of the Physician 1. There is often in the Head Porago Achor or Favâ—…s which is a crusted Scab happening as well in old as young people these Scurffs are oftentimes very thick sometimes accompanied with moisture which causeth great itching and a very ill smell The Cause is salt Phlegm it is for the most part a stubborn Disease and very easily returning again The Cure In this case are generally used strong Purging Bleeding Sweating Salivation Unctions pulling out of the Hairs But without using any of these Remedies I have often cured this Disease only with this Decoction Take Ashes which are call'd by the Dutch Weidasch in English Pot-ashes with White-Wine make a Lixivium of a moderate Acrimony in a quart of which boil the Leaves of Marjorum Southern-wood of each two handfuls of Maiden-hair a handful and half Rose leaves three pugils Make a Fomentation With this let the head be washed twice or thrice a week warm then dry it well with hot Linnen Clothes and in a few weeks space the Patient with thus doing will be cured You may likewise sometimes use gentle Purging Medicines 2. In a Hydrocephalus and great Cathars an Issue with great success may be made in the Nape of the Neck because the Cavities of the Dura Mater are thereabouts joyned to the Jugular Veins especially in Children in whom very often the Sutures do too much gape 3. Fat things hurt the Head because it is not covered with many Muscles 4. In the Skull sometimes a rough matter is collected in several places which if not remov'd by those Medicines that purge Phlegm and outward discussives in process of time acquire a very great hardness which still increasing grow into a perfect Horn not to be cured but by Chirurgery 5. Upon the Skull likewise comes other Abscesses which although they may belong to a Steatoma Atheroma or Melicerides yet in the Head especially they are call'd Testudo Talpa Natta These give little hope of Cure where the Bone is much corrupted otherwise they may be taken away by a Thred or what is better by a Knife when they reject other Remedies The manner of taking them away by a Knife is this the Skin being divided in form of a Cross the Bladder is to be taken out then the Pericranium being separated the Cranium is to be scraped with a Raspatory till you come to the sound part then sprinkle upon it some Astringent powder and let the Skin forthwith be consolidated again which if it be too loose a little part of it may be taken away which is very seldom necessary to be done when it may be closed enough in the time of the Cure 6. If the Sutures of the Skull are too open they bring a weakness upon the Brain if they are too straightly united they cause the pain of the Head Experienc'd Chirurgions affirm that it is as safe to use the Trepan in the very Sutures themselves as any other part of the Head 7. The Muscles of the Head occasioning nothing differing from other Muscles except upon a Wound or Contusion of the temperal Muscle a Convulsion easily follows neither ought it to be transversly divided lest there happen a distortion of the Mouth 8. The Teeth seeing they neither are furnished with Membranes nor Nerves are altogether insensible but they which attribute the pain to those Membranes which cover the Alveolus
is very narrow it is furnished all along with two Coats the innermost is proper the outer common from the Peritonaeum Within the duplicature of the Peritonaeum it descends downward upon the Muscles of the Loins to the Bladder into whose Neck it is inserted then it ascends upwards between the Membranes where it perforates the innermost Coat and through the same hole together with the Ureter of the other side enters the Bladder which is so very little so straightly closed that there needs not here any Valve to hinder the return back again of the Urine Vesicae Vrinaria or Bladder consists likewise of two Membranes the External is thick and fleshy the innermost not It is seated between the Duplicature of the Peritonaeum in the Cavity of the Hypogastrium which is commonly call'd Pelvis In Women it is joined before by its Neck to the Vagina uteri The Neck of the Bladder is very fleshy and by the assistance of the Fibra's like a Sphincter it opens and closeth the Bladder in men it is longer narrower and more crooked in Women shorter wider and straighter The Vessels that bring Blood to the Bladder are the branches of the Hypogastrick Vessels it receives many Nerves from the seventh pare and from the Os Sacrum The Spermatick Vessels yet remain which wonderfully vary according to the diversity of the Sex In Men the Spermatick Veins and Arteries first appear of each side one which serve for the bringing of the Blood to the Testicles for its preparation The right Spermatick Vein comes from the descending Trunk of the Vena Cava the left from the left Emulgent and both the Arteries from the great Artery These four Vessels being very crooked and covered by the Ureters pass to the Testicles but before they come to them near and in the process of the Peritonaeum are united by several inosculations and joining themselves with the Nerves make one Body which is call'd Pampiniforme The Testicle or Stones themselves the Organs of Seed have each a Muscle call'd Cremaster they have two common Tunicles and three proper The common are 1. That wrinkled Purse which is call'd the Scrotum to wit the Skin which is thinner and softer than in other parts 2. Dartos to wit the Carnosa Membrana which hath many Vessels The proper are 1. Elytroides arising from the process of the Peritonaeum 2. Erithroides from the Muscle Cremaster 3. Albuginea from the Spermatick Vessels The substance of the Testicles is white soft thin something like to the Glandules Upon them with a transverse situation lies the Corpus vermiforme which sensibly becoming narrower constitutes the Vas ejaculatorium which is Epididymis or Parastata Vas ejaculatorium is white and hollow like to the Ureters which carries the Seed about the neck of the Bladder into the Vesiculae seminales where it is kept till a convenient time Proceeding a little further before you shall find two great Glandules in which an Oily Liquor is contained to mitigate the acrimony of the Urine these are called Prostatae At last comes the Penis or Yard appointed for the evacuating of the Seed and Urine It s Substance is peculiar to it self the like being not in the whole Body It hath no Scarf-skin and is destitute of Fat even in the most fat Bodies It is covered with a loose Skin which is double and makes the Praeputium and covers the Glans to which it is tied by means of the Froenum or Bridle Under the Skin and fleshy Membrane lie the Vessels above described Near to these are the four Muscles which are the two Erectores and the two Ejaculatores under the Muscles are two Nervous Bodies which make the greatest part of the Yard By their fungousness rendring it either stiff or flacid In the lowest part of the Penis appears The Vrethra or passage for the Urine consisting of two Coats the innermost is very thin and sensible the outermost thick and fleshy In Women the Spermatick parts in this differ from Mens that they are shorter and less and by a wreathing and winding approach the Testicles likewise they communicate several Branches to the Uterine Tubes and to the Womb it self The softer Stones are placed on the sides of the Womb qualified to elaborate the Seed they are covered with only one Coat and that is proper They have no Parastats The Testicles inwardly are full of little Bladders which both contain the Seed and by means of the Tubes conveigh it to the Womb. These Tubes joyn to the Womb of each side and to the Testicles but only of one side These have a Cavity consisting of a double coat which also contains some little Bladders in which many will have the Seed to be further perfected The Womb the receptacle both of the Seed and Child is situate in the middle of the Hypogastrium call'd Pelvis between the straight Gut and the Bladder It hath two strong and thick Coats the first which comes from the Peritonaeum the other is proper and between both many fleshy Fibres It is conveniently divided into the Fundus or Botton the Orifice and the Neck The Fundus the Globous part of the Womb hath four Ligaments the two uppermost are broad and membranous which are joyned to the Os Ilium the two lowermost are red and round and pervious to the Clitoris thence like a Goose-foot destitute altogether of their hollowness they spread themselves upon the forepart of the Thigh The Orisice of the Womb which at one time can very straightly close it self together yet at another is very dilatable hath in its lower part a Tubercle or knotty substance as also many little holes The Cervix or Neck of the Womb appointed to receive the Penis is very much wrinkled within and almost eight inches long To the Dissector comes first in view the Meatus Vrinarius or the passage for the Urine which is short and straight then in this Cavity is the Clitoris seated which is something in softness or hardness resembling to a Mans Yard To this joyns the Hymen perforated in the midst for the passage of the Urine and Courses to which joyn four Caruncles call'd Myrtiformes then follows the Alae Nymphae or wings which defend it and the hairy Lips Chirurgical Considerations 1. The Coats of the Peritonaeum grow very thick in Hydropick persons nay in process of time they acquire a Cartilaginous hardness which is very necessary to be known in a Paracenthesis or opening of the Abdomen there oftentimes suddenly follows a watry swelling in the Cod. After a Paracenthesis made by the formerly described Instrument the reason of it and the passage are true that the Water by little and little sinks down above the process of the Peritonaeum in the space between the Peritonaeum and the right Muscles of the Abdomen 2. Sometimes between the fouldings of the Caul is Wind detained the cause of long continued pain which brings along with it fear also of a future abscess In this case
30 hours or more been troubled with the Spots at length after exceeding great pain accompanied with a Delirium he voided first Blood and after that a purulent matter through his Yard by which means he was restored to his health I conjectured that there was a Carbuncle in the case which seized not on the Membranous part of the Bladder but on the Neck thereof As to the Cure Blood-letting is very prejudicial to those that already have the Plague and dangerous to such that would prevent it The Poison oftentimes lies hid within the Bâ—dy for some dayes weeks or months before â—â— discovers it self by seizing on the conveyances of the Blood Wherefore I would advise you seriously to consider if by opening a Vein you invite it immediately to the Heart whether the diminution of Blood Spirits and Strength which is effected by this means be not the Cause why the Heart is suffocated and deprived of that vigour which it should make use of to repulse the Enemy I confess some Experienced Physitians of good credit have reported that in hot Countries there is no better means for restoring a Patient visited with the Plague unto his health than that of opening a Vein provided it be done cautiously and at the beginning of the Disease but whosoever have attempted it in colder Climates have quickly learnt by experience that it ought to be forborn Purging which is oftentimes very necessary in other gentle Diseases is excluded by the Malignity of this But every one is not quick-sighted enough to discern when it is requisite to be done and when to be forborn Moreover it is evident that in a Malignant Disease the Physick which is administred to a Patient ought to be more mild and gentle than at other times for besides that the Body cannot then bear strong purgations a Dysentery is oftentimes the consequence of them I have when I have been fully perswaded that there was no Malignity in the Disease oftentimes used this or some such like Potion with good success viz. Take Rhubarb a dram and half Senna two drams Cream of Tartar a dram Scorzonera-Roots half an ounce Aniseeds half a dram Boil them in Holy-Thistle-Water and to three ounces of the strained Liquor and Syrup of Succory with Rhubarb six drams Spirit of Salt a little Confection of Alkermes a scrupel Make it into a Potion I never adventured to prescribe any thing Purgative to such as have been taken with the Plague before the fourteenth day at which time the Fever and the other Symptoms of the Disease would be abated There are some who have attempted it while the Carbuncles remain purulent and before the Bubo is perfectly cured But I dare not advise any one to follow that Method whatsoever Remedies they administer at the same time which may be intended specifically against the Plague But if it happen that the Patient for several days be very costive and troubled with a pain at his heart and hopes to be relieved by Purgation It is to be considered that the Venom of the Disease and not the Costiveness is the cause of the pain at the Heart it is therefore most requisite to make use of Sudorificks to corroborate the Heart and not to concern your self for the costiveness of the Body but if you desire to open it a little it is better to make use of a Suppository than a Glyster which is not altogether so safe but hath been prejudicial to many on this occasion and to others it hath done but little good and not at all opposed the Malignity of the Disease But to such as will not take this advise which hath been very confirmed by experience and several good Reasons and will still persist to make use of Glysters it is fit however that they forbear to prescribe Scammony as an Ingredient especially to Women in the time of their Flowers Juleps are in this case very necessary but all persons may not make use of them nor any at all times I am never wont to prescribe them without joyning with them some Sudorificks which will appear hereafter and this I take to be the safest course for if the sick person should make use of such things only as refrigerate while he sweats freely the Sweat would oftentimes strike inward and the Venom would be conveyed to the Heart from whence would follow sudden Death There is no means more requisite than that of Diaphoreticks and Cordials especially those that are acid which produce such effects as are certain and therefore the more laudable for they rectifie the Mass of Blood and free it from the venom which infects it They dissolve the pituitous Matter which is lodged in the Stomach and the Entrails and correct the Choler which in this Disease is the cause of much mischief Nevertheless the several disguises of this Disease and the vanity of the Symptoms which attend it do require that they should be often changed since when the Disease is more gentle those things are not to be used which would do good service in an accute one Medicaments against the Plague Roots of Zedoary Butter-Bur Angelica Ditamny Galangal Vipers-grass Gentian Master-wort Lovage Burnet Orrise Florentine and ours China Sarsaparilla Leaves of Rue Scordium Sage Holy-Thistle Swallow-wort Wormwood Southern-wood Centuary the lesser Valerian Sorrel Fluellin Balm Marjoram Rosemary Thyme Mint Flowers of Borage Bugloss Violets Roses Marrigolds St. John worts Rosemary Indian-Spikenard Jesamy Seeds of Citrons Oranges Rue St. Johns wort Anise Coriander Lovage Fruits Citrons Oranges Walnuts Figs sharp Cherries Pippins Ribes sowre Pomegranates Barberries Spices Musk Ambergreece Civet Benjamin Storax Calamita Cinamon Mace Nutmegs Cardamums Camphire Animals or their parts Flesh of Vipers Mummy Serpents Quails Thrushes Harts-horn Unicorns-horn Bezoar Stone of an Indian Hog Ivory Castor Precious Stones and Earths the Jacinth Granate Emerald Ruby Carbuncle Pearls Coral Bolearmenick Earth of Lemnos and Seal'd Gold Silver Salts Common brought lately from the River Nile which moveth Sweat most powerfully of Scordium of Wormwood Rue Self-heal Holy-Thistle Vitriolated Tartar Bezoarticum Minerale Threacle of Andromacus's Diatesseron Mithridate of Damocratis Diascordium of Fracastorius Confection of Alkermes of Hyacinth Species Liberantis Electuaries of the Egg Rob. of Currans of Barberies Conserves of Balm Mint Rosemary-Flowers Borage Bugloss Marigold-Flowers Troches of the Juice of Barberries of Citrons Out of all which you may make choice of such as you judge most fit for the purpose The Writings of Authors who have treated of this Disease will give you an account of other Compounds out of which you may chuse such as please you best I shall here propound such only as I have found to be most efficacious and which I shall constantly make use of till by experience I shall discover some others whose nature is more excellent and that the use of them may the more plainly appear I shall premise some Medicaments that some years since were prescribed by my self and those Learned Men Dr. Francis Sylvius
and Sign pag. 116 Bubonocele pag. 33 Bullets their Extraction 73. Medicines for that purpose pag. 159 Burnings and their Cure pag. 190 C. CAncer its Difference Cause and Cure 122 of the Bone pag. 212 Carbuncle its Difference Cause pag. 121 Carpus pag. 210 Cartilage what 215. Swordlike 210. of the Breast-bent pag. 216 Cataract of the Eye the cause and removing it pag. 60 Catharticks pag. 112 Cautery Actual and Potential 37. Conveniency and Inconveniency pag. 44 69 Child dead the signs 75. It s Extraction pag. 74 The Glandules of the Chyle 253. It s motion by the Intestines pag. 254 Cholerick people how known pag. 203 Chilification its History pag. 153 154 Chirurgery what it signifies and the operations thereof pag. 1 Cicatrice or skars taken away pag. 244 Circocele pag. 33 Closing the Womb pag. 46 Comminution what pag. 2 Contra-Fissure what pag. 10 11 Contraction of the Member its cause pag. 236 Convulsion the Remedies pag. 256 Corrosives pag. 112 Cubit its Bones pag. 210 D. DIairesis what 2. Its parts Diaphoreticks pag. 36 Diaphragm and its parts pag. 308 Diarthrosis what pag. 208 Dislocation pag. 17 Dortos pag. 320 Dropsie Cause and Sign pag. 103 Dura Mater E. EAr Membrane thin and strong pain soreness 46 Its Bones pag. 209 Emphyma its Signs Cure pag. 54 Enarthrosis what pag. 208 Enterocele pag. 26 33 Epedymis pag. 320 Epigastrium pag. 311 Epiglottis indurated pag. 215 Epiploica pag. 226 Epulis pag. 292 Erysipelas its Cause Cure pag. 95 Excresis what pag. 2 Extention pag. 4 Extirpation of a dead part pag. 78 Extraneous Bodies how drawn out of a Wound pag. 157 Eye its parts Lids their Substance and Vse Iris pag. 274 F. FAce what pag. 268 Falx of the Dura Mater pag. 293 Fat whether part of the Body pag. 247 Fibre its Difference and Vse pag. 220 Fibula fractur'd pag. 16 Fissure what pag. 3 Fistula its Cause Signs and Cure 186. of the Breast 302. Lachrymalis pag. 285 Flesh what 237. Fleshy Rupture its Cure pag. 80 Focil its Dislocation pag. 23 Fracture what 2. It s Cause and Cure 3. Of the Skull 10. Of the shoulder of the Hip of the Jaw-bone of the Nose 13. of the Ribs of the Breast-bone of the Back-bone 14. of the Elbow of the Fibula of the Knee-pan 16. great and little pag. 334 Froenum or Bridle pag. 321 Frons pag. 268 G. GAngrene its Difference Causes pag. 126 Ganglion pag. 336 Gibbosity its Cause and Cure c. pag. 304 Ginglymus what pag. 208 Glandes pag. 333 Glandules of the Eye 274. Of the Chyle of the Loins 253. of the Neck pag. 263 Glotis straight wrong pag. 216 Gums pag. 278 H. HAir its shedding 249. Whether parts of the Body 247. Hare-Lip its Cure pag. 87 Hand pag. 266 Head what its Figure Parts c. 268. Wounds their Cure 172. Sores pag. 194 Heart its History 306. its Wounds pag. 174 Haemmorrage of the Nose how cured pag. 231 Herps its difference cause cure pag. 109 Hip-Bones Fractur'd pag. 14 Humors of the Eyes pag. 274 Hydrocele pag. 33 Hydrocephalus its Cure pag. 281 Hypocondria pag. 311 Hypogastrium Ibid. I. JAws their Bones pag. 270 Jejunum pag. 315 Iliack Passion pag. 324 Inflammation its cause and cure pag. 90 Infundibulum pag. 294 Internal Means pag. 1 Intestines 315. Intestines or Small Guts their Wounds pag. 157 Joynts what pag. 266 Iris of the Eye pag. 274 Issues when where and how made pag. 70 K. KIdneyes and their History 313 218 their Wounds pag. 176 Kings-Evil its Cause Sign Cure pag. 113 L. LAbour Natural and Preternatural its Cause pag. 74 Larinx cannot be inflamed pag. 216 Leeches their choice and use pag. 63 Leg pag. 210 Ligaments what and how many their Wounds and Wrenches pag. 217 Ligature pag. 5 Linea Alba pag. 312 Lips and their parts pag. 278 Liver its History its Vse 255 317 its Situation 312. its Ligaments 324. its Inflammations Vlcers Gangrene 325. its Wounds pag. 175 Loosness pag. 280 Lungs and its parts 306. their Wounds Signs Cure pag. 173 Lymphatick Vessels pag. 261 M. MAnual Operations pag. 1 Marrow of the Brain Spinal 293. of the Bones pag. 207 Matrix fallen down pag. 34 Mediastinum 305. its Cavity pag. 309 Medicines discussing Wind 108. against too great encrease of flesh corroding 257. Drawing or attractive 118. for a Cancer 124. provoking Sweat Cordials 128. Against a Gangrene 129. for the Eyes 138. against a Quinsie 143. stopping a flux of Blood 154. against Convulsions 156. against proud flesh 157. to draw forth Thornes Bones Bullets c. 159. Digestives 161 179. Sarcoticks 162 179. Vulneraries 162 Epulottick 164 179. against Wounds of the Nerves 166. Defensives 179. against Worms 181. against Corruption of the Bones 183. against spreading Vlcers 184. against Fistula's 188 against Burnings 191. Purging Choler 7. Purging Phlegm 8. purging Melancholy 9. Repelling 92. Resolving or Discussing 92. Suppuratives 93. Anodins 94. Emollients 102. Purging water 104. Cosmetick water of Minsickt 243. taking away Skars pag. 244 Meliceris its Cause Sign and Cure pag. 111 Membranes what and how many pag. 219 Mesentery and its History its Tumors Corruption Vlcer pag. 316 Metacarpus pag. 336 Metatarsus pag. 338 Mouth its Inflammation Vlcer Gangrene pag. 291 Muscle what c. pag. 237 N. NAils whether parts of the Body pag. 247 Nates of the Brain pag. 294 Nerves their Difference 233. their Coutusion its Cause and Cure pag. 234 Nodes pag. 214 Nose and its parts 277. Haemorhage how cured pag. 231 Nostrils broken pag. 13 Nymphae pag. 323 O. OCciput pag. 268 Oedema or Phlegmatick humor its Cause Sign Cure pag. 98 Omphalocele Navel-Rupture pag. 33 Opthalmia its Difference Cause Signs c. pag. 284 P. PAlate pag. 278 Palsie pag. 280 Paracentesis when in what place and how performed pag. 48 Paronychia its Cause Sign Cure pag. 133 Part of the Body what it is and its division 205 parts of the Body divided pag. 266 Patella or Knee-pan its Fracture pag. 16 Pericardium its parts and Liquor pag. 306 Pericranium what from whence pag. 268 Peritonaeum pag. 314 Pia and Dura Mater 292. their Wounds and Cure 295. its History pag. 292 Phlegmatick people how known pag. 203 Pixis pag. 312 Pexus Choroides pag. 294 Pleura its divers pains pag. 308 Physick and Physicians pag. 1 Pleurisie its cause and cure pag. 58 Polipus its cause and cure pag. 289 Poâ—rigo its cause pag. 280 Porus Biliarius pag. 318 Processus vermiformis of the Brain pag. 295 Prostataes pag. 320 Pudenda Virginam if clos'd how to be opened pag. 46 Pylorus pag. 315 Q. QVinsey its Cause Difference Sign pag. 141 Quintessence of Arsenick pag. 124 R. RAdius pag. 210 Ranula its Cause pag. 291 Rete Mirabile pag. 294 Ribs and their difference 210 302. Fractur'd 14 Dislocated pag. 23 Rostra pag. 210 Ruptures their Causes 26. Cure pag. 29 S. SAnguine persons how known pag. 202 Scarf-skin and Skin pag. 243 Scirrhus its Cause Sign