Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	cause_v	extreme_a	zone_n	16	3	13.1120	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A46234	An history of the wonderful things of nature set forth in ten severall classes wherein are contained I. The wonders of the heavens, II. Of the elements, III. Of meteors, IV. Of minerals, V. Of plants, VI. Of birds, VII. Of four-footed beasts, VIII. Of insects, and things wanting blood, IX. Of fishes, X. Of man / written by Johannes Jonstonus, and now rendred into English by a person of quality.; Thaumatographia naturalis. English	Jonstonus, Joannes, 1603-1675.; Libavius, Andreas, d. 1616.; Rowland, John, M.D.	1657 (1657)	Wing J1017; ESTC R1444	350,728	372

too heavy Hence it comes to passe that all Seas purge themselves in the full of the Moon Not that the attraction of the Moon is the cause of it but because the wind that was in the interim collected in the hollow places under ground strives to fly upwards or being heaped up about the putrefactions of the Sea breaks forth Lydia● de orig s●ntium attributes it to subterraneal fire That you may know the grounds of his opinion I will set it down in a few Propositions I. The flowing of the Sea is not because of the Moon by the nearnesse of her light and of that especially which she borrowes which breeds exhalations whereby the waters swell and run over For in the full Moon her light is thwart the earth and yet there is a tide great enough II. The Sun and Moon do not by their beams cause the flowing of the Sea 1. When it flowes in one hemisphear and both the Luminaries are in the other what is the cause of that For it hath not equall forces in both 2. If Sun and Moon cause the flowing of the Sea wherefore elsewhere in the very Ocean and that between the torrid Zone where their power is extream are there no Tides at all or very small ones III. When we enquire concerning the flowing of the Sea we must suppose 1. That there is a wonderfull plenty of water in the bosome of the Earth 2. That water which is in the bosome of the Earth is not onely continued to it self but to this we see in the Sea and is joyned with it by the channels or open chaps of the Earth First it is probable from hence that it is a part of the same body Then the deeps of the Sea that were never yet certainly known are a token of it 3. When two most vaste Continents on this side Asia Africa Europe on that America divide CHAP. VII Artic. 1. Of the New World and Asia by which the passage was open to other neighbouring Islands and from the Island to all the continent which was in sight and neere to the Ocean but in the mouth of it there was said to be a Haven with a narrow entrance c After this by a wonderfull Earth-quake and a continuall inundation for a day and a night it came to passe that the Earth clave asunder and swallowed all those warlike people and the Island of Atlantis was drowned in the deep But Aristotle lib. de admirand c. 8. relates that in the Sea beyond Hercul●s Pillars an Island was found out by the Carthagenians which had Woods and Rivers fit for shipping but it was distant many days Voyage But when more Carthagenians allured by the happinesse of the place came and dwelt amongst the Inhabitants they were condemned to death by the Commanders he adds by those that sayled thither Let us also hear Seneca lib. 7. quaest c. 31. The people that shall come after us shall know many things we know not many things are reserved for after ages when we are dead and forgotten The World is but a very small matter unlesse every age may have something to search for And again quaest 5. c. ult Whence do I know whether there may not be some Commander of a great Nation now not known that may swell with Fortun 's favours and not contain his forces within his own bounds Whether he may not provide ships to attempt places unknown How do I know whether this or that wind may bring Warr Some suppose Augustus extended his Empire so far Marianus Siculus is the Authour that there was found in the new World old Golden Money with the Image of Augustus and that it was sent to Rome to the Pope in token of fidelity by Johannes Ruffus Bishop of Consentia That is more wonderfull that the Spaniards write that there is a Town in the Province of Chili in the Valley called Cauten which they name Imperiola for this cause because in many Houses and Gates they found the Spread-Eagle as we see now a dayes in the Arms of the Roman Empire Animlanus l. 17. observes somthing not unlike it that in the obeliscks of the Aegyptians there were ingraven many Pictures of Birds and Beasts also of the other World What shall we say to these things We say they knew them but scarse ever travelled thither But if those relations are true that Plato reports of which Tertullian also speaks Apolg. c. 39. and Marcellinus l. 17. we add farther That the praediction of Seneca sounds rather of the British Islands in favour of Claudius That is false which is said of Augustus We have all the Acts of this Noble Prince if there be any thing buried in silence it is some mean matter But Novelty easily gains the name of Antiquity if there be fraud in him that forgeth it Artic. 2. Of the miracles of some Countrys PLiny relates and we out of him There is a famous Temple at Paphos dedicated to Venus into a Court whereof it never rayns Pliny l. 2. c. 96. By Harpasa a Town of Asia there stands a hard Rock which you may move with one finger but thrust it with your whole body and you cannot stirr it There is Earth in the City Parasinum within the Peninsula of Tauri that cures all wounds In the Country Ardanum Corn that is sowed will never grow At the Altars of Martia in Veii and at Tusculanum and in the Wood Ciminia there are places where things fastened into the Earth cannot be drawn forth Pliny l. 2. c. 94. In Crustuminum Hay that grows there is hurtfull but out of that place it becomes good Some Earths tremble at the entrance as in the Country of the Gabii not far from Rome about a 100 Acres when men ride upon it and likewise at Reate In the Hills of Puteoli the dust is opposed against the Sea Waves and being once sunk it becomes one stone that the waters cannot stirr and daily grows stronger also if it be mingled with the Caement of Cumae Plin. l. 35. c. 13. Such is the nature of that Earth that cut it of what bignesse you please and sink it into the Sea it is drawn forth a stone In a Fountain of Gnidium that is sweet in eight Months time the Earth turns to a stone From Oropus as far as Aulis whatsoever earth is dipped in the Sea it becomes a stone Tilling of the ground was of old of great esteem amongst the Romans they found one sowing and gave him honours whence is the surname Serranus As Cincinnatus was ploughing his four Acres in the Vatican which are called Quintus his Meadows Viator offered him the Dictator ship and as it is reported that he was naked and his whole body full of dust To whom Viator said Put on thy Cloths that I may deliver to thee the commands of the Senate and people of Rome Whence Pliny l. 18. c. 3. answers to this question Whence was it then they had so great plenty The Rulers at

butter of Antimony Some impute it to the native heat of the earth or to a certain hot spirit so that these natural spirits of exhalations heating not violently but naturally in some places the secret channels of the Earth grow hot that this heat is communicated to the Walls of those concavities by reason whereof a sufficient and continuall heat may be communicated to the Baths even as in an Oven heated when all the flame is gone the bread is sufficiently baked Horstius de natur Thermar Others ascribe it to subterraneall fire but whether it be so may be known by what proceeded Bartholin de aquis Farther it may be shewed by an Example Mingle salt-water with Clay make of this clay or mud a ball and hollow it within then stop the orifice with the clay and put in a narrow pipe into it and put this ball to the fire the pipe being from the fire when the ball waxeth hot out of the ball by the pipe hot water will run Sennert l. 4. scient natural c. 10. Baths have a taste by the mixture of Earths and so have things in the Earth Hippocrates l. de natur human saith That there is in the Earth sweet sowr and bitter and in the bowels of it there are divers faculties and many humours l. 4. de Morbis Every thing drawes its nourishment from the Earth in which it is Hence in Ionia and Peloponnesus though the heat of the Sun be very sufficient yet Silphium growes not though it be sowed namely for want of such a humour as might nourish it Yet there are in that earth juices not onely for the vaporous but also for the moyst and solid substance Juices condensed are dissolved by waters the moyst are mingled Earths are dissolved and scrapings of mettals are found The goodnesse of them differs sometimes because those that in Summer are beray'd with the Suns heat and attenuated are the best In Autumn they are lesse beat upon by its beams because he is nearer to them so in the spring For the Earth is opened the waters are purified the healthfull light of the Sun approaches but in the Winter they are worst for they are heavier thicker and more defiled with earthly exhalations That they suffer changes we may learn by divers examples Fallop de Therm c. 11. Savanarola saith That the Bath waters in the Country of Pisa cause great diseases in those that drink them and the Inhabitants are warn'd of it For in March April and May when they see the waters look yellow and to be troubled they foresee they are dangerous Alcardus of Veroneus a Physitian who writ of the Cal●erian Baths saith That the water of Apponus is sometimes deadly by the example of one Galeatius a Noble man who with his Son in Law drank of it and dyed The sharp waters of Alsatia are sometimes so sharp that they cause the dysentery and sometimes they are feeble and are deprived of their wonted vigour Sebizius de acidulis diss 50. s. 1. The causes are divers amongst the ordinary a rainy cloudy dark Southern constitution of the Ayr too violent flowing of the Sea inundations Earthquakes It is wonderfull that is written concerning some hot Baths in Germany that they grew dry when there was a tax set upon them Camerar horis subcis cent 2. c. 69. Something like this fell out in shell-fish at the Sluce for when a kind of tribute was laid upon the collecting of them they were no more found there they returned when the Tax was taken off Jacob Mayer in Annal. Flandriae CHAP. VI. Of the Sea Artic. 1. 〈…〉 Artic. 2. 〈…〉 and Hercules Pillars about Spain and France in his dayes But the North Sea for the greatest part was passed over by the happy successe of the famous Augustus We find in Velleius that Germany was surrounded by sailing so far as the Promontory of the Cimbri and from thence the vast Ocean was discovered or known by relation as far as Scythia and the parts that were frozen by the command of Tiberius The same Pliny tells us that Alexander the Great extended his Victories over the greatest part of the East and Southern Seas unto the Arabian shores whereby afterwards when C. Caesar the Son of Augustus managed the businesse the ensigns of ships were known to belong to the Spaniards that had suffered shipwrack there But when Carthage flourished 〈…〉 from the Gades to the furthermost parts of Arabia and 〈…〉 writing that Voyage and Hamilco at the same time was sent to discover the outward parts of Europe Moreover Cornelius Nepos is the Author of it in Pliny that one Eudoxus in his time when he fled from Lathyrus King of Aegypt came from the Arabian Coasts as far as Gades and Caelius Antipater long before him affirms the same that he saw him who sailed out of Spain into Aethiopia 〈…〉 Merchandize The same Author writes that the King of Sweden gave freely to Quint. Metellus Celer Pro Consul of France those Indians who sailed out of India for Traffiqu● and were by Tempests carried into Germany That Voyage hath been attempted of late but with extream danger of life men being hindred continually by Ice and extream darknesse If these things be so then was all our World sailed about It is further questioned whether there be any passage through the North Sea to the Kingdom of Sina and to the Moluccos Jovius report● that he heard it of Demetrius Moschus that Duidna with many Rivers entring into it ran into the North a wonderfull way and that the Sea was there open so that stearing the course toward the right hand shore unlesse the land be betwixt men might saile to Cathay Those of Cathay belong to the furthest parts of the East and the parallel of Thracia and are known to the Portingalls in India when they to buy spices sayled to the Golden Chersonesus through the Countries of Sina and Molucco and brought with them garments of Sabell skins Petru● Bertius a man that deserved well for his learning but ill for divinity reports in descrip no● Zembliae that he saw a Table described 〈…〉 the Russes wherein the shores of the Russes Samogetans and Ting●●eri with the North Sea nere unto them and some Islands were ●●●ely set forth In that the Duina River was farthest West but others Rivers followed towards the East and in the first place Peisa Petcho●a Obi● Jeneseia and Peisida Therefore the passage must be open from the River Obii to Peisida The Histories of ●●e Russes report● that when the Moscovites and the Tingesi were curious to search out Countries farther toward the East they sent out discoveries over Land who passed beyond the River Obii and Jeneseia so far as Peisida ou● foot and there they fell amongst people that in their habit manners and speech were farr different from them There they heard the found of Bells from the East the noyse of Men the neighing of Hortes they saw say is foure square such as

wouldst have thy beard grow quickly anoint thy chin with the ashes of burnt Bees and Mice dung Aldrovandus CHAP. III. Of Spiders IN the new world as Oviedus l. 15. c. 3 relates there are green Spiders and the Web is of a Golden colour as good as silk In Cuma they weave it so strong that it will not break but holds like silk In Hispaniola they are as big as hand-balls and as hard as nuts In Brasil there is a very great kind of them like to a Crab yet a fly takes him and draws him into his hold contrary to what is used in Europe Cardan l. 9. subtil saith that in the West-Indies they are as big as Sparrows Some write they couple backwards and do scatter eggs in their Webs for they leap and so lay them They are perfected in 28 days Scaliger l. 1. de causis plant saith that they breed of filth When I somtime observed Spiders egs I found them to be many small ones black and blew with little spots divided and parted one from the other they are soft and clammy and if by chance any be lost the Spider diligently enquires and she carries them back by fastning them on some thing from within and with her beck also I have seen also innumerable young ones come forth of one egg so small that they could hardly be discerned yet so soon as they were come forth of the egg they spun such fine Webs that nothing can be more wonderfull Also I have observed under the belly of a Spider that was taken a mighty heap of eggs so small as Atoms they were white and crushed with the finger they gave a crack They have a great faculty of feeling for sitting in the middle of their Web they feel a fly that toucheth it in the most remote part Hence Antonius Ludovicus l. 1. Problem s. 5. Problem 13. saith that for that cause they lye in the middle of their Nets And being that the lines are equall from the Centre she sitting in the middle and holding with her feet the beginnings of the threds she spun she can easily know from all parts They make very fine nets and in them gnats and other little weak creatures are insnared This is made from somthing they have without them or from their hard skin which being by degrees kembed and drawn like to a thred they diminish and they eat up their threds or else naturally they have a fruitfullnesse of drawing threds or else at a set time the nature of their belly is corrupted like an excrement The woof is fastned within and from that those fine lengths are drawn forth we see the first to happen in Silk Worms for they draw silken threds out of their own excrements and they change their lives for a silken case their proper substance being turn'd into a Fleece Antonicus Ludovicus l. 1. s. 5. problem 52. And Franciscus Bonzella Cardinal l. 3. c. 14. de Venenis writes that such as are bitten by a house Spider fall ill of a Priapisme And Plin. l. 24. c. 9. saith that the same things happen when one is bitt by the Spider Phalangium The nature of the poyson is said to be the cause of it For though it penetrate easily yet the terrestiall part of it causeth flatulent humours which being driven to the lower parts cause erection When they hurt the young Lizzards first they wrap them in their Webs then they bite their lips which is a sight fit for a Theatre when it happens Plin. l. 11. c. 24. Also the same Authour l. 10. c. 74 saith that the Spider doth ballance himself to come down upon the head of a Serpent that lyeth under the shade of a Tree and he so fiercely bites the Serpents brain that he makes him to hisse yet he can neither break the thred that hangs from aloft nor yet run away and there is no end of it till he kill him When houses are like to fall the Spiders first fall down with their Webs Plin. l. 8. c. 28. When the Rivers are like to rise they rayse their nets higher and because they weave not in fair weather but in foule many Spiders foreshew rayn Plin. l. 11. c. 24. The Thebans as Pausanias witnesseth in Baeoticus were ignorant of that For when the Spiders had woven white Webs about the dores of the Temple of the Goddesse Ceres about that time that the battle was fought at Leuctra when the Macedonians assaulted them the Spiders spun all black Webs which was a sign that signified somthing far different from the former CHAP. IV. Of the Silk-Worm ZOnoras saith that the Italians knew not the Silk-Worm before the time of Justinian in his dayes it was wittily found out and brought thither Procopius He adds that two Monks brought Silk-Worm eggs from India to Constantinople and putting them into dung transformed them into Worms Now Sera whence they came is a City in the farthest parts of Persia wherein there is made so much Silk work that ten thousand pounds of Silk are daily given out to work-folks Also in Taprobana Silk is gathered from Trees without any labour as many Navigations have discovered Nature hath shew'd so much art in this Insect that it is impossible to comprehend it all Much is written and much more may be First it is a Worm shut up in a bladder it dies without any forme at length a winged butterfly comes forth of the case wherfore a creeping Insect is changeed into a flye by a medium that is vegetable void of sense and motion by a strange metamorphosis The little Worm first shut out seeks abundance of nourishment and eating greedily what she is able by often lifting up her head striving as it were with a Lethargy she sleeps at length 3 or 2 days and in the mean while casting her skin she falls to her wonted diet again when she hath fed 4 times slept 4 times and 4 times changed her Coat she will eat no more but climbs up on high upon the branches and twigs having discharged her belly as it should she begins to spin some rudiments of her Silken work upon the boughs but in disordered turnings then she shuts her self into a transparent case and thrusts forth the fruit of her indefatigable labour from the centre to the circumference white Wooll yellow and green of an ovall figure striving as it were with her fellows in 9 dayes she ends her task and dyes within it From this case laid under ground a horned Butterfly comes forth after ten dayes but being neither mindfull of its wings nor food being about to repair the losse of its short life by its fruitfulnesse of young ones put into a soft fleece for 3. dayes together but seldom for 4. dayes is the male coupled to the female and dies and shortly after the female widow leaving behind her about a hundred seeds like Millet seeds she dyeth also But because Andreas Libavius a most deserving Physitian hath most accurately described this from