can_v think_v and_o move_v several_a part_n of_o our_o body_n at_o pleasure_n and_o observe_v the_o effect_n that_o natural_a body_n produce_v in_o one_o another_o by_o both_o these_o way_n we_o get_v the_o idea_n of_o power_n succession_n be_v another_o idea_n suggest_v by_o our_o sense_n and_o by_o reflection_n on_o what_o pass_v in_o our_o mind_n for_o if_o we_o look_v into_o ourselves_o we_o shall_v find_v our_o idea_n always_o whilst_o we_o be_v awake_a or_o have_v any_o thought_n pass_v in_o train_n one_o go_v and_o another_o come_n without_o intermission_n chap._n viii_o some_o far_a consideration_n concern_v simple_a idea_n whatsoever_o be_v able_a by_o affect_v our_o sense_n to_o cause_v any_o perception_n in_o the_o mind_n do_v thereby_o produce_v in_o the_o understanding_n a_o simple_a idea_n which_o whatsoever_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o real_a positive_a idea_n in_o the_o understanding_n thus_o the_o idea_n of_o heat_n and_o cold_a light_a and_o darkness_n motion_n and_o rest_n etc._n etc._n be_v equal_o positive_a in_o the_o mind_n tho'_o some_o of_o their_o cause_n may_v be_v mere_a privation_n a_o enquiry_n into_o their_o cause_n concern_v not_o the_o idea_n as_o in_o the_o understanding_n but_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n exist_v without_o we_o thus_o a_o painter_n have_v distinct_a idea_n of_o white_a and_o black_a as_o well_o as_o the_o philosopher_n who_o tell_v we_o what_o kind_n of_o particle_n and_o how_o range_v in_o the_o surface_n occasion_v those_o colour_n that_o a_o privative_a cause_n may_v produce_v a_o positive_a idea_n appear_v from_o shadow_n which_o tho'_o nothing_o but_o the_o absence_n of_o light_n be_v discernible_a and_o cause_n clear_a and_o positive_a idea_n the_o natural_a reason_n of_o which_o may_v be_v this_o viz._n that_o since_o sensation_n be_v produce_v only_o by_o different_a degree_n and_o mode_n of_o motion_n in_o our_o animal_n spirit_n various_o agitate_a by_o external_a object_n the_o abatement_n of_o any_o former_a motion_n must_v as_o necessary_o produce_v a_o new_a sensation_n as_o the_o increase_n and_o variation_n of_o it_o and_o thereby_o introduce_v a_o new_a idea_n we_o have_v some_o negative_a name_n which_o stand_v for_o no_o positive_a idea_n but_o consist_v whole_o in_o negation_n of_o some_o certain_a idea_n as_o silence_n invisible_a these_o signify_v not_o any_o idea_n in_o the_o mind_n but_o their_o absence_n it_o will_v be_v useful_a to_o distinguish_v idea_n as_o they_o be_v perception_n in_o our_o mind_n from_o what_o they_o be_v in_o the_o body_n that_o cause_v such_o perception_n in_o we_o for_o we_o be_v not_o to_o think_v the_o former_a exact_a image_n and_o resemblance_n of_o something_o inherent_a in_o the_o subject_n most_o of_o those_o of_o sensation_n be_v in_o the_o mind_n no_o more_o the_o likeness_n of_o something_o exist_v without_o we_o than_o the_o name_n that_o stand_v for_o they_o be_v the_o likeness_n of_o our_o idea_n which_o yet_o upon_o hear_v they_o be_v apt_a to_o excite_v in_o we_o whatsoever_o the_o mind_n perceive_v in_o itself_o or_o be_v the_o immediate_a object_n of_o perception_n thought_n or_o understanding_n that_o i_o call_v a_o idea_n and_o the_o power_n to_o produce_v any_o idea_n in_o our_o mind_n i_o call_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o subject_n wherein_o that_o power_n be_v thus_o a_o snowball_n have_v the_o power_n to_o produce_v in_o we_o the_o idea_n of_o white_a cold_a and_o round_a those_o power_n as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o snowball_n i_o call_v quality_n and_o as_o they_o be_v sensation_n or_o perception_n in_o our_o understanding_n i_o call_v they_o idea_n which_o idea_n if_o i_o speak_v of_o sometime_o as_o in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o i_o will_v be_v understand_v to_o mean_v those_o quality_n in_o the_o object_n which_o produce_v they_o in_o we_o these_o quality_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n first_o original_a or_o primary_n such_o be_v solidity_n extension_n motion_n or_o rest_n number_n and_o figure_n these_o be_v inseparable_a from_o body_n and_o such_o as_o it_o constant_o keep_v in_o all_o its_o change_n and_o alteration_n thus_o take_v a_o grain_n of_o wheat_n divide_v it_o into_o two_o part_n each_o part_n have_v still_o solidity_n extension_n figure_n mobility_n divide_v it_o again_o and_o it_o still_o retain_v the_o same_o quality_n and_o will_v do_v so_o still_o tho'_o you_o divide_v it_o on_o till_o the_o part_n become_v insensible_a the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v how_o body_n operate_v upon_o one_o another_o and_o that_o be_v manifest_o by_o impulse_n and_o nothing_o else_o for_o body_n can_v operate_v on_o what_o it_o do_v not_o touch_v nor_o when_o it_o do_v touch_v any_o other_o way_n than_o by_o motion_n if_o so_o then_o when_o external_a object_n which_o be_v not_o unite_v to_o our_o mind_n produce_v idea_n in_o we_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o some_o motion_n must_v be_v thence_o continue_v by_o our_o nerve_n or_o animal_n spirit_n to_o the_o brain_n or_o seat_n of_o sensation_n and_o since_o extension_n figure_n motion_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v perceive_v at_o a_o distance_n by_o the_o sight_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o some_o body_n must_v come_v from_o they_o to_o the_o eye_n and_o thereby_o convey_v to_o the_o brain_n some_o motion_n which_o produce_v those_o idea_n we_o have_v in_o we_o second_o secondary_a quality_n such_o as_o colour_n smell_v taste_n sound_n &c_n &c_n which_o whatever_a reality_n we_o by_o mistake_n may_v attribute_v to_o they_o be_v in_o truth_n nothing_o in_o the_o object_n themselves_o but_o power_n to_o produce_v various_a sensation_n in_o we_o and_o depend_v on_o the_o quality_n beforementioned_a the_o idea_n of_o primary_n quality_n of_o body_n be_v resemblance_n of_o they_o and_o their_o pattern_n real_o exist_v in_o body_n themselves_o but_o the_o idea_n produce_v in_o we_o by_o secundary_a quality_n have_v no_o resemblance_n of_o they_o at_o all_o and_o what_o be_v sweet_a blue_n or_o warm_a in_o the_o idea_n be_v but_o the_o certain_a bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o insensible_a part_n in_o the_o body_n themselves_o which_o we_o call_v so_o thus_o we_o see_v that_o fire_n at_o one_o distance_n produce_v in_o we_o the_o sensation_n of_o warmth_n which_o at_o a_o near_a approach_n cause_v the_o sensation_n of_o pain_n now_o what_o reason_n have_v we_o to_o say_v that_o the_o idea_n of_o warmth_n be_v actual_o in_o the_o fire_n but_o that_o of_o pain_n not_o in_o the_o fire_n which_o the_o same_o fire_n produce_v in_o we_o the_o same_o way_n the_o bulk_n number_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o fire_n be_v real_o in_o it_o whether_o we_o perceive_v they_o or_o no_o and_o therefore_o may_v be_v call_v real_a quality_n because_o they_o real_o exist_v in_o that_o body_n but_o light_n and_o heat_n be_v no_o more_o real_o in_o it_o than_o sickness_n or_o pain_n take_v away_o the_o sensation_n of_o they_o let_v not_o the_o eye_n see_v light_a or_o colour_n nor_o the_o ear_n hear_v sound_n let_v the_o palate_n not_o taste_n or_o the_o nose_n smell_v and_o all_o colour_n taste_n odour_n and_o sound_v as_o they_o be_v such_o particular_a idea_n vanish_v and_o cease_v and_o be_v reduce_v to_o their_o cause_n that_o be_v bulk_n motion_n figure_n etc._n etc._n of_o part_n these_o secondary_a quality_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n first_o immediate_o perceivable_a which_o by_o immediate_o operate_n on_o our_o body_n produce_v several_a different_a idea_n in_o we_o second_o mediate_o perceivable_a which_o by_o operate_n on_o other_o body_n change_v their_o primary_n quality_n so_o as_o to_o render_v they_o capable_a of_o produce_v idea_n in_o we_o different_a from_o what_o they_o do_v before_o these_o last_o be_v power_n in_o body_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o particular_a constitution_n of_o those_o primary_n and_o original_a quality_n to_o make_v such_o a_o change_n in_o the_o bulk_n figure_n texture_n etc._n etc._n of_o another_o body_n as_o to_o make_v it_o operate_v on_o our_o sense_n different_a from_o what_o it_o do_v before_o as_o in_o fire_n to_o make_v lead_v fluid_a these_o two_o last_o be_v nothing_o but_o power_n relate_v to_o other_o body_n and_o result_v from_o the_o different_a modification_n of_o the_o original_a quality_n be_v yet_o otherwise_o think_v of_o the_o former_a be_v esteem_v real_a quality_n but_o the_o late_a bare_o power_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o mistake_n seem_v to_o be_v this_o that_o our_o idea_n of_o sensible_a quality_n contain_v nothing_o in_o they_o of_o bulk_n figure_n etc._n etc._n we_o can_v think_v they_o the_o effect_n of_o those_o primary_n quality_n which_o appear_v not_o to_o our_o sense_n to_o operate_v in_o their_o production_n and_o with_o which_o they_o have_v not_o any_o apparent_a congruity_n or_o conceivable_a connexion_n
relation_n may_v be_v the_o same_o in_o those_o man_n who_o have_v far_o different_a idea_n of_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v relate_v thus_o those_o who_o have_v different_a idea_n of_o man_n may_v agree_v in_o that_o of_o a_o father_n there_o be_v no_o idea_n of_o any_o kind_n which_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o a_o almost_o infinite_a number_n of_o consideration_n in_o reference_n to_o other_o thing_n and_o therefore_o this_o make_v no_o small_a part_n of_o man_n word_n and_o thought_n thus_o one_o single_a man_n may_v at_o once_o sustain_v the_o relation_n of_o father_n brother_n son_n husband_n friend_n subject_a general_n european_n englishman_n islander_n master_n servant_z bigger_n lesle_n etc._n etc._n to_o a_o almost_o infinite_a number_n he_o be_v capable_a of_o as_o many_o relation_n as_o there_o can_v be_v occasion_n of_o compare_v he_o to_o other_o thing_n in_o any_o manner_n of_o agreement_n disagreement_n or_o respect_v whatsoever_o the_o idea_n of_o relation_n be_v much_o clear_a and_o more_o distinct_a than_o of_o the_o thing_n relate_v because_o the_o knowledge_n of_o one_o simple_a idea_n be_v oftentimes_o sufficient_a to_o give_v i_o the_o notion_n of_o a_o relation_n but_o to_o the_o know_v of_o any_o substantial_a be_v a_o accurate_a collection_n of_o sundry_a idea_n be_v necessary_a chap._n xxvi_o of_o cause_n and_o effect_n and_o other_o relation_n the_o idea_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_v we_o get_v from_o our_o observation_n of_o the_o vicissitude_n of_o thing_n while_o we_o perceive_v some_o quality_n or_o substance_n begin_v to_o exist_v and_o that_o they_o receive_v their_o existence_n from_o the_o due_a application_n and_o operation_n of_o other_o being_n that_o which_o produce_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o which_o be_v produce_v the_o effect_n thus_o fluidity_n in_o wax_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o certain_a degree_n of_o heat_n which_o we_o observe_v to_o be_v constant_o produce_v by_o the_o application_n of_o such_o heat_n we_o distinguish_v the_o original_n of_o thing_n into_o two_o sort_n first_o when_o the_o thing_n be_v whole_o make_v new_a so_o that_o no_o part_n thereof_o do_v ever_o exist_v before_o as_o when_o a_o new_a particle_n of_o matter_n do_v begin_v to_o exist_v which_o have_v bâ—fore_o no_o be_v it_o be_v caâ—led_v creation_n second_o when_o a_o thing_n be_v make_v up_o of_o particle_n which_o do_v all_o of_o they_o before_o exist_v but_o the_o thing_n so_o constitute_v of_o pre-existing_a particle_n which_o altogether_o make_v up_o such_o a_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n have_v not_o any_o existence_n before_o as_o this_o man_n this_o egg_n this_o rose_n etc._n etc._n when_o produce_v in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n by_o a_o internal_a principle_n but_o set_v on_o work_n by_o some_o external_n agent_n and_o work_v by_o insensible_a way_n which_o we_o perceive_v not_o it_o be_v call_v generation_n when_o the_o cause_n be_v extrinsical_a and_o the_o effect_v introduce_v by_o a_o sensible_a separation_n or_o juxta-position_n of_o discernible_a part_n we_o call_v it_o make_v and_o such_o be_v all_o artificial_a thing_n when_o any_o simple_a idea_n be_v produce_v which_o be_v not_o in_o that_o subject_a before_o we_o call_v it_o alteration_n the_o denomination_n of_o thing_n take_v from_o time_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n only_a relation_n thus_o when_o it_o be_v say_v that_o queen_n elizabeth_n live_v sixty_o nine_o and_o reign_v forty_o five_o year_n no_o more_o be_v mean_v than_o that_o the_o duration_n of_o her_o existence_n be_v equal_a to_o sixty_o nine_o and_o of_o her_o government_n to_o forty_o five_o annual_a revolution_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o so_o be_v all_o word_n answer_v how_o long_o young_a and_o old_a and_o other_o word_n of_o time_n that_o be_v think_v to_o stand_v for_o positive_a idea_n be_v indeed_o relative_n and_o intimate_v a_o relation_n to_o a_o certain_a length_n of_o duration_n whereof_o we_o have_v the_o idea_n in_o our_o mind_n thus_o we_o call_v a_o man_n young_a or_o old_a that_o have_v live_v little_a or_o much_o of_o that_o time_n that_o man_n usual_o attain_v to_o this_o be_v evident_a from_o our_o application_n of_o these_o name_n to_o other_o thing_n for_o a_o man_n be_v call_v young_a at_o twenty_o but_o a_o horse_n old_a etc._n etc._n the_o sun_n and_o star_n we_o call_v not_o old_a at_o all_o because_o we_o know_v not_o what_o period_n god_n have_v set_v to_o that_o sort_n of_o being_n there_o be_v other_o idea_n that_o be_v true_o relative_n which_o we_o signify_v by_o name_n that_o be_v think_v positive_a and_o absolute_a such_o as_o great_a and_o little_a strong_a and_o weak_a the_o thing_n thus_o denominate_v be_v refer_v to_o some_o standard_n with_o which_o we_o compare_v they_o thus_o we_o call_v a_o apple_n great_a that_o be_v big_a than_o the_o ordinary_a sort_n of_o those_o we_o have_v be_v use_v to_o and_o a_o man_n weak_a that_o have_v not_o so_o much_o strength_n or_o power_n to_o move_v as_o man_n usual_o have_v or_o those_o of_o his_o own_o size_n chap._n xxvii_o of_o identity_n and_o diversity_n another_o occasion_n the_o mind_n take_v of_o compare_v be_v the_o very_o be_v of_o thing_n when_o consider_v a_o thing_n as_o exist_v at_o any_o certain_a time_n or_o place_n and_o compare_v it_o with_o itself_o as_o exist_v at_o any_o other_o time_n etc._n etc._n we_o form_v the_o idea_n of_o identity_n and_o diversity_n when_o we_o see_v any_o thing_n in_o any_o certain_a time_n and_o place_n we_o be_v sure_a it_o be_v that_o very_a thing_n and_o can_v be_v no_o other_o how_o like_o soever_o it_o may_v be_v in_o all_o other_o respect_n we_o conceive_v it_o impossible_a that_o two_o thing_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n shall_v exist_v together_o in_o the_o same_o place_n we_o conclude_v that_o whatever_o exist_v any_o where_o at_o the_o same_o time_n exclude_v all_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o be_v there_o itself_o alone_o when_o therefore_o we_o demand_v whether_o any_o thing_n be_v the_o same_o or_o no_o it_o refer_v always_o to_o something_o that_o exist_v such_o a_o time_n in_o such_o a_o place_n which_o it_o be_v certain_a at_o that_o instant_n be_v the_o same_o with_o itself_o and_o no_o other_o we_o have_v idea_n of_o three_o sort_n of_o substance_n first_o god_n second_o finite_a intelligence_n three_o body_n first_o god_n be_v eternal_a unalterable_a and_o every_o where_o concern_v his_o identity_n there_o can_v be_v no_o doubt_n second_o finite_a spirit_n have_v have_v their_o determinate_a time_n and_o place_n of_o beginning_n to_o exist_v the_o relation_n to_o that_o time_n and_o place_n will_v always_o determine_v to_o each_o its_o identity_n as_o long_o as_o it_o exist_v three_o the_o same_o will_v hold_v of_o every_o particle_n of_o matter_n to_o which_o no_o addition_n or_o substraction_n be_v make_v these_o three_o exclude_v not_o one_o another_o out_o of_o the_o same_o place_n yet_o each_o exclude_v those_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n out_o of_o the_o same_o place_n the_o identity_n and_o diversity_n of_o modes_n and_o relation_n be_v determine_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o substance_n be_v only_o the_o action_n of_o finite_a being_n as_o motion_n and_o thought_n consist_v in_o succession_n they_o they_o can_v exist_v in_o different_a time_n and_o place_n as_o permanent_a being_n for_o no_o motion_n or_o thought_n consider_v as_o at_o different_a time_n can_v be_v the_o same_o each_o part_n thereof_o have_v a_o different_a beginning_n of_o existence_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o existence_n itself_o be_v the_o principium_fw-la individuationis_fw-la which_o determin_n a_o be_v to_o a_o particular_a time_n and_o place_n incommunicable_a to_o two_o being_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n thus_o suppose_v a_o atom_n exist_v in_o a_o determine_a time_n and_o place_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o consider_v in_o any_o instant_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o itself_o and_o will_v be_v so_o as_o long_o as_o its_o exstence_n continue_v the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o two_o or_o more_o or_o any_o number_n of_o particle_n whilst_o they_o continue_v together_o the_o mass_n will_v be_v the_o same_o however_o jumble_v but_o if_o one_o atom_n be_v take_v away_o it_o be_v not_o the_o same_o mass._n in_o vegetable_n the_o identity_n depend_v not_o on_o the_o same_o mass_n and_o be_v not_o apply_v to_o the_o same_o thing_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o animate_v body_n and_o mass_n of_o matter_n this_o be_v only_o the_o cohesion_n of_o particle_n any_o how_o unite_v the_o other_o such_o a_o disposition_n and_o organization_n of_o part_n as_o be_v sit_v to_o receive_v and_o distribute_v nourishment_n so_o as_o to_o continue_v and_o frame_v the_o wood_n bark_n leaves_n etc._n etc._n of_o a_o oak_n for_o instance_n in_o which_o consist_v the_o
many_o idea_n be_v produce_v in_o we_o without_o pain_n which_o we_o afterward_o remember_v without_o the_o least_o offence_n thus_o the_o pain_n of_o heat_n or_o cold_a when_o the_o idea_n of_o it_o be_v receive_v in_o our_o mind_n give_v we_o no_o disturbance_n which_o when_o feel_v be_v very_o troublesome_a and_o we_o remember_v the_o pain_n of_o hunger_n thirst_v headache_n etc._n etc._n without_o any_o pain_n at_o all_o which_o will_v either_o never_o disturb_v we_o or_o else_o constant_o do_v it_o as_o often_o as_o we_o think_v of_o it_o be_v there_o nothing_o more_o but_o idea_n float_v in_o our_o mind_n and_o appearance_n entertain_v our_o fancy_n without_o the_o real_a existence_n of_o thing_n affect_v we_o from_o abroad_o four_o our_o sense_n in_o many_o case_n bear_v witness_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o each_o other_o report_n concern_v the_o existence_n of_o sensible_a thing_n without_o we_o he_o that_o doubt_v when_o he_o see_v a_o fire_n whether_o it_o be_v real_a may_v if_o he_o please_v feel_v it_o too_o and_o by_o the_o exquisite_a pain_n he_o will_v be_v convince_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o bare_a idea_n or_o phantom_n if_o after_o all_o this_o any_o one_o will_v be_v so_o sceptical_a as_o to_o distrust_v his_o sense_n and_o to_o question_v the_o existence_n of_o all_o thing_n or_o our_o knowledge_n of_o any_o thing_n let_v he_o consider_v that_o the_o certainty_n of_o thing_n exist_v in_o rerum_fw-la naturâ_fw-la when_o we_o have_v the_o testimony_n of_o our_o sense_n for_o it_o be_v not_o only_o as_o great_a as_o our_o frame_n can_v attain_v to_o but_o as_o our_o condition_n needs_o for_o our_o faculty_n be_v not_o suit_v to_o the_o full_a extent_n of_o be_v nor_o a_o clear_a comprehensive_a knowledge_n of_o all_o thing_n but_o to_o the_o preservation_n of_o we_o in_o who_o they_o be_v and_o accommodate_v to_o the_o use_n of_o life_n they_o serve_v our_o purpose_n well_o enough_o if_o they_o will_v but_o give_v give_v we_o certain_a notice_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v convenient_a or_o inconvenient_a to_o we_o for_o he_o that_o see_v a_o candle_n burn_v and_o have_v experiment_v the_o force_n of_o the_o flame_n by_o put_v his_o finger_n in_o it_o will_v little_o doubt_v that_o this_o be_v something_o exist_v without_o he_o which_o do_v he_o harm_n and_o put_v he_o to_o pain_n which_o be_v assurance_n enough_o when_o no_o man_n require_v great_a certainty_n to_o govern_v his_o action_n by_o than_o what_o be_v as_o certain_a as_o his_o action_n themselves_o so_o that_o this_o evidence_n be_v as_o great_a as_o we_o can_v desire_v be_v as_o certain_a to_o we_o as_o our_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n that_o be_v happiness_n or_o misery_n beyond_o which_o we_o have_v no_o concernment_n either_o of_o know_v or_o be_v in_o fine_a when_o our_o sense_n do_v actual_o convey_v into_o our_o understanding_n any_o idea_n we_o be_v assure_v that_o there_o be_v something_o at_o that_o time_n real_o exist_v without_o we_o but_o this_o knowledge_n extend_v only_o as_o far_o as_o the_o present_a testimony_n of_o our_o sense_n employ_v about_o particular_a object_n that_o do_v then_o affect_v they_o and_o no_o far_o my_o see_n a_o man_n a_o minute_n since_o be_v no_o certain_a argument_n of_o his_o present_a existence_n as_o when_o our_o sense_n be_v actual_o employ_v about_o any_o object_n we_o know_v that_o it_o do_v exist_v so_o by_o our_o memory_n we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o heretofore_o thing_n that_o affect_v our_o sense_n have_v exi_v and_o thus_o we_o have_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o past_a existence_n of_o several_a thing_n whereof_o our_o sense_n have_v inform_v we_o our_o memory_n still_o retain_v the_o idea_n and_o of_o this_o we_o be_v pass_v all_o doubt_n so_o long_o as_o we_o remember_v well_o as_o to_o the_o existence_n of_o spirit_n our_o have_a idea_n of_o they_o do_v not_o make_v we_o know_v that_o any_o such_o thing_n do_v exist_v without_o we_o or_o that_o there_o be_v any_o finite_a spirit_n or_o any_o other_o spiritual_a being_n but_o the_o eternal_a god_n we_o have_v ground_n from_o revelation_n and_o several_a other_o reason_n to_o believe_v with_o assurance_n that_o there_o be_v such_o creature_n but_o our_o sense_n not_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v they_o we_o want_v the_o mean_n of_o know_v their_o particular_a existence_n for_o we_o can_v no_o more_o know_v that_o there_o be_v finite_a spirit_n real_o exist_v by_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o such_o being_n than_o by_o the_o idea_n any_o one_o have_v of_o fairy_n or_o centaur_n he_o can_v come_v to_o know_v that_o thing_n answer_v those_o idea_n do_v real_o exist_v hence_o we_o may_v gather_v that_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o proposition_n one_o concern_v the_o existence_n of_o any_o thing_n answerable_a to_o such_o a_o idea_n as_o that_o of_o a_o elephant_n phoenix_n motion_n or_o angel_n viz._n whether_o such_o a_o thing_n do_v any_o where_o exist_v and_o this_o knowledge_n be_v only_o of_o particular_n and_o not_o to_o be_v have_v of_o any_o thing_n without_o we_o but_o only_o of_o god_n any_o other_o way_n than_o by_o our_o sense_n another_o sort_n of_o proposition_n be_v wherein_o be_v express_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o abstract_a idea_n and_o their_o dependence_n of_o another_o and_o these_o may_v be_v universal_a and_o certain_a so_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o god_n and_o my_o self_n of_o fear_n and_o obedience_n i_o can_v but_o be_v sure_a that_o god_n be_v to_o be_v fear_v and_o obey_v by_o i_o and_o this_o proposition_n will_v be_v certain_a concern_v man_n in_o general_a if_o i_o have_v make_v a_o abstract_a idea_n of_o such_o a_o species_n whereof_o i_o be_o one_o particular_a but_o such_o a_o proposition_n how_o certain_a soever_o prove_v not_o to_o i_o the_o existence_n of_o man_n in_o the_o world_n but_o will_v be_v true_a of_o all_o such_o creature_n whenever_o they_o do_v exist_v which_o certainty_n of_o such_o general_a proposition_n depend_v on_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n discoverable_a in_o those_o abstract_a idea_n in_o the_o former_a case_n our_o knowledge_n be_v the_o consequence_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n produce_v idea_n in_o our_o mind_n by_o our_o sense_n in_o the_o late_a the_o consequence_n of_o the_o idea_n that_o be_v in_o our_o mind_n and_o produce_v these_o general_a proposition_n many_o whereof_o be_v call_v eternae_fw-la veritatis_fw-la and_o all_o of_o they_o indeed_o be_v so_o not_o from_o be_v write_v all_o or_o any_o of_o they_o in_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n or_o that_o they_o be_v any_o of_o they_o proposition_n in_o any_o one_o mind_n till_o he_o have_v get_v the_o abstract_a idea_n join_v or_o separate_v they_o by_o affirmation_n or_o negation_n but_o wheresoever_o we_o can_v suppose_v such_o a_o creature_n as_o man_n be_v endow_v with_o such_o faculty_n and_o thereby_o furnish_v with_o such_o idea_n as_o we_o have_v we_o must_v conclude_v he_o must_v needs_o when_o he_o apply_v his_o thought_n to_o the_o consideration_n of_o his_o idea_n know_v the_o truth_n of_o certain_a proposition_n that_o will_v arise_v from_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n he_o will_v perceive_v in_o his_o own_o idea_n such_o proposition_n be_v once_o make_v about_o abstract_a idea_n so_o as_o to_o be_v true_a they_o will_v whenever_o they_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v make_v again_o at_o any_o time_n past_a or_o to_o come_v by_o a_o mind_n have_v those_o idea_n always_o actual_o be_v true_a for_o name_n be_v suppose_v to_o stand_v perpetual_o for_o the_o same_o idea_n and_o the_o same_o idea_n have_v immutable_o the_o same_o habitude_n one_o to_o another_o proposition_n concern_v any_o abstract_a idea_n that_o be_v once_o true_a must_v needs_o be_v eeternal_a verity_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n it_o be_v the_o receive_a opinion_n among_o man_n of_o letter_n that_o maxim_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o knowledge_n and_o that_o science_n be_v each_o of_o they_o build_v upon_o certain_a proecognita_fw-la from_o whence_o the_o understanding_n be_v to_o take_v its_o rise_n and_o by_o which_o it_o be_v to_o conduct_v itself_o in_o its_o inquiry_n in_o the_o matter_n belong_v to_o that_o science_n the_o beat_a road_n of_o the_o school_n have_v be_v to_o lay_v down_o in_o the_o beginning_n one_o or_o more_o general_a proposition_n call_v principle_n as_o foundation_n whereon_o to_o build_v the_o knowledge_n be_v to_o be_v have_v of_o that_o subject_a that_o which_o give_v occasion_n to_o this_o way_n of_o proceed_v be_v i_o suppose_v the_o good_a success_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v in_o mathematics_n which_o of_o all_o other_o science_n have_v the_o great_a certainty_n clearness_n and_o evidence_n in_o they_o but_o if_o we_o consider_v it_o
we_o when_o i_o say_v we_o know_v i_o mean_v there_o be_v such_o a_o knowledge_n within_o our_o reach_n which_o we_o can_v miss_v if_o we_o will_v but_o apply_v our_o mind_n to_o that_o as_o we_o do_v to_o several_a other_o inquiry_n it_o be_v then_o unavoidable_a for_o all_o rational_a creature_n to_o conclude_v that_o something_o have_v exi_v from_o eternity_n let_v we_o next_o see_v what_o kind_n of_o thing_n that_o must_v be_v there_o be_v but_o two_o sort_n of_o being_n in_o the_o world_n that_o man_n know_v or_o conceive_v first_o such_o as_o be_v pure_o material_a without_o sense_n or_o perception_n as_o the_o clipping_n of_o our_o beard_n and_o paring_n of_o our_o nail_n second_o sensible_a perceive_v being_n such_o as_o we_o find_v ourselves_o to_o be_v these_o two_o sort_n we_o shall_v hereoft_a call_v cogitative_a and_o incogitative_a being_n which_o to_o our_o present_a purpose_n be_v better_o than_o material_a and_o immaterial_a if_o then_o there_o must_v be_v something_o eternal_a it_o be_v very_o obvious_a to_o reason_n that_o it_o must_v necessary_o be_v a_o cogitative_a be_v because_o it_o be_v as_o impossible_a to_o conceive_v that_o ever_o bare_a incogitative_a matter_n shall_v produce_v a_o think_v intelligent_a be_v as_o that_o nothing_o shall_v of_o itself_o produce_v matter_n let_v we_o suppose_v any_o parcel_n of_o matter_n eternal_a we_o shall_v find_v it_o in_o itself_o unable_a to_o produce_v any_o thing_n let_v we_o suppose_v its_o part_n firm_o at_o rest_n together_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o be_v in_o the_o world_n must_v it_o not_o eternal_o remain_v so_o a_o dead_a unactive_a lump_n be_v it_o possible_a to_o conceive_v it_o can_v add_v motion_n to_o itself_o or_o produce_v any_o thing_n matter_n then_o by_o its_o own_o strength_n can_v produce_v in_o itself_o so_o much_o as_o motion_n the_o motion_n it_o have_v must_v also_o be_v from_o eternity_n or_o else_o add_v to_o matter_n by_o some_o other_o be_v more_o powerful_a than_o matter_n but_o let_v we_o suppose_v motion_n eternal_a too_o yet_o matter_n incogitative_a matter_n and_o motion_n can_v never_o produce_v think_v knowledge_n will_v still_o be_v as_o far_o beyond_o the_o power_n of_o motion_n and_o matter_n to_o produce_v as_o matter_n be_v beyond_o the_o power_n of_o nothing_o to_o produce_v divide_v matter_n into_o as_o minute_n part_v as_o you_o will_v vary_v the_o figure_n and_o motion_n of_o it_o as_o much_o as_o you_o please_v it_o will_v operate_v no_o otherwise_o upon_o other_o body_n of_o proportionable_a bulk_n than_o it_o do_v before_o this_o division_n the_o minute_a particle_n of_o matter_n knock_v impel_v and_o resist_v one_o another_o just_a as_o the_o great_a do_v and_o that_o be_v all_o they_o can_v do_v so_o that_o if_o we_o will_v suppose_v nothing_o eternal_a matter_n can_v never_o begin_v to_o be_v if_o we_o suppose_v bare_a matter_n without_o motion_n eternal_a motion_n can_v never_o begin_v to_o be_v if_o we_o suppose_v only_o matter_n and_o motion_n eternal_a thought_n can_v never_o begin_v to_o be_v for_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o conceive_v that_o matter_n either_o with_o or_o without_o motion_n can_v have_v original_o in_o and_o from_o itself_o sense_n perception_n and_o knowledge_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o hence_o that_o the_o sense_n perception_n and_o knowledge_n must_v be_v a_o property_n eternal_o inseparable_a from_o matter_n and_o every_o particle_n of_o it_o since_o therefore_o whatsoever_o be_v the_o first_o eternal_a be_v must_v necessary_o be_v cogitative_a and_o whatsoever_o be_v first_o of_o all_o thing_n must_v necessary_o contain_v in_o it_o and_o actual_o have_v at_o least_o all_o the_o perfection_n that_o can_v ever_o after_o exist_v it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o first_o eternal_a be_v can_v be_v matter_n if_o therefore_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o something_o necessary_o must_v exist_v from_o eternity_n it_o be_v also_o as_o evident_a that_o that_o something_o must_v necessary_o be_v a_o cogitative_a be_v for_o it_o be_v as_o impossible_a that_o incogitative_a matter_n shall_v produce_v a_o cogitative_a be_v as_o that_o nothing_o or_o the_o negation_n of_o all_o be_v shall_v produce_v a_o positive_a be_v or_o matter_n this_o discovery_n of_o the_o necessary_a existence_n of_o a_o eternal_a mind_n do_v sufficient_o lead_v we_o into_o the_o knowledge_n of_o god_n for_o it_o will_v hence_o follow_v that_o all_o other_o know_v being_n that_o have_v a_o beginning_n must_v depend_v on_o he_o and_o have_v no_o other_o way_n of_o knowledge_n or_o extent_n of_o power_n than_o what_o he_o give_v they_o and_o therefore_o if_o he_o make_v those_o he_o make_v also_o the_o less_o excellent_a piece_n of_o this_o universe_n all_o inanimate_a body_n whereby_o his_o omniscience_n power_n and_o providence_n will_v be_v establish_v and_o from_o thence_o all_o his_o other_o attribute_n necessary_o follow_v chap._n xi_o of_o our_o knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o other_o thing_n the_o knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o be_v we_o have_v by_o intuition_n the_o existence_n of_o a_o god_n reason_n clear_o make_v know_v to_o we_o as_o have_v be_v show_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o any_o other_o thing_n we_o can_v have_v only_o by_o sensation_n for_o there_o be_v no_o necessary_a connexion_n of_o real_a existence_n with_o any_o idea_n a_o man_n have_v in_o his_o memory_n nor_o of_o any_o other_o existence_n but_o that_o of_o god_n with_o the_o existence_n of_o any_o particular_a man_n no_o particular_a man_n can_v know_v the_o existence_n of_o any_o other_o be_v but_o only_o when_o by_o actual_a operate_n upon_o he_o it_o make_v itself_o be_v perceive_v by_o he_o the_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o any_o thing_n in_o our_o mind_n no_o more_o prove_v the_o existence_n of_o that_o thing_n than_o the_o picture_n of_o a_o man_n evidence_n his_o be_v in_o the_o world_n or_o the_o vision_n of_o a_o dream_n make_v thereby_o a_o true_a history_n it_o be_v therefore_o the_o actual_a receive_n of_o idea_n from_o without_o that_o give_v we_o notice_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o other_o thing_n and_o make_v we_o know_v that_o something_o do_v exist_v at_o that_o time_n without_o we_o which_o cause_v that_o idea_n in_o we_o tho'_o perhaps_o we_o neither_o know_v nor_o consider_v how_o it_o do_v it_o for_o it_o take_v not_o from_o the_o certainty_n of_o our_o sense_n and_o the_o idea_n we_o receive_v by_o they_o that_o we_o know_v not_o the_o manner_n wherein_o they_o be_v produce_v this_o notice_n we_o have_v by_o our_o sense_n of_o the_o exi_n of_o thing_n without_o we_o tho'_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o certain_a as_o intuition_n and_o demonstration_n deserve_v the_o name_n of_o knowledge_n if_o we_o persuade_v ourselves_o that_o our_o faculty_n act_v and_o inform_v we_o right_o concern_v the_o existence_n of_o those_o object_n that_o affect_v they_o but_o beside_o the_o assurance_n we_o have_v from_o our_o sense_n themselves_o that_o they_o do_v not_o err_v in_o the_o information_n they_o give_v we_o of_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n without_o we_o we_o have_v other_o concurrent_a reason_n as_o first_o it_o be_v plain_a those_o perception_n be_v be_v produce_v in_o we_o by_o exterior_a cause_n affect_v our_o sense_n because_o those_o that_o want_v the_o organ_n of_o any_o sense_n never_o can_v have_v the_o idea_n belong_v to_o that_o sense_n produce_v in_o their_o mind_n this_o be_v too_o evident_a to_o be_v doubt_v and_o therefore_o we_o can_v but_o be_v assure_v that_o they_o come_v in_o by_o the_o organ_n of_o that_o sense_n and_o no_o other_o way_n second_o because_o we_o find_v sometime_o that_o we_o can_v avoid_v the_o have_v those_o idea_n produce_v in_o our_o mind_n as_o when_o my_o eye_n be_v shut_v i_o can_v at_o pleasure_n recall_v to_o my_o mind_n the_o idea_n of_o light_n or_o the_o sun_n which_o former_a sensation_n have_v lodge_v in_o my_o memory_n but_o if_o i_o turn_v my_o eye_n towards_o the_o sun_n i_o can_v avoid_v the_o idea_n which_o the_o light_n or_o the_o sun_n then_o produce_v in_o i_o which_o show_v a_o manifest_a difference_n between_o those_o idea_n lay_v up_o in_o the_o memory_n and_o such_o as_o force_v themselves_o upon_o we_o and_o we_o can_v avoid_v have_v and_o therefore_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v some_o exterior_a cause_n who_o efficacy_n i_o can_v resist_v that_o produce_v those_o idea_n in_o my_o mind_n whether_o i_o will_v or_o no._n beside_o no_o man_n but_o perceive_v the_o difference_n in_o himself_o between_o actual_o look_v upon_o the_o sun_n and_o contemplate_v the_o idea_n he_o have_v of_o it_o in_o his_o memory_n and_o therefore_o he_o have_v certain_a knowledge_n that_o they_o be_v not_o both_o memory_n or_o fancy_n but_o that_o actual_a see_v have_v a_o cause_n without_o three_o add_v to_o this_o that_o