justice_n la._n the_o judgement_n for_o felony_n be_v ph._n heresy_n be_v before_o felony_n in_o the_o catalogue_n of_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n la._n he_o have_v omit_v the_o judgement_n against_o a_o heretic_n because_o i_o think_v no_o jury_n confine_v heresy_n nor_o no_o judge_n temporal_a do_v ever_o pronounce_v judgement_n upon_o it_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o h._n 5._o c._n 7._o be_v that_o the_o bishop_n have_v convict_v any_o man_n of_o heresy_n shall_v deliver_v he_o to_o the_o sheriff_n and_o that_o the_o sheriff_n shall_v believe_v the_o bishop_n the_o sheriff_n therefore_o be_v bind_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o h._n 4._o after_o he_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o to_o burn_v he_o but_o that_o statute_n be_v repeal_v the_o sheriff_n can_v not_o burn_v he_o without_o a_o writ_n de_fw-fr heretico_fw-la comburendo_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o sheriff_n burn_v legate_n 9_o king_n james_n by_o that_o writ_n which_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common-law_n at_o that_o time_n and_o in_o that_o writ_n the_o judgement_n be_v express_v ph._n this_o be_v strange_a reason_n when_o sir_n edw._n coke_n know_v and_o confess_v that_o the_o statute_n upon_o which_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr heretico_fw-la comburendo_fw-la be_v ground_v be_v all_o repeal_v how_o can_v he_o think_v the_o writ_n itself_o can_v be_v in_o force_n or_o that_o the_o statute_n which_o repeal_v the_o statute_n for_o burn_a heretic_n be_v not_o make_v with_o a_o intent_n to_o forbid_v such_o burn_n it_o be_v manifest_a he_o understand_v not_o his_o book_n of_o common-law_n for_o in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 4._o and_o hen._n 5._o the_o word_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v the_o sheriff_n warrant_n and_o there_o be_v need_n of_o no_o such_o writ_n nor_o can_v he_o till_o the_o 25_o hen._n 8._o when_o those_o statute_n be_v repeal_v and_o a_o writ_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o put_v into_o the_o register_n which_o write_v fitzherbert_n cite_v in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la again_o in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n be_v publish_v a_o correct_a register_n of_o original_a and_o judicial_a writ_n and_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr haeretico_fw-la comburendo_fw-la leave_v out_o because_o that_o statute_n of_o 25_o h._n 8._o and_o all_o statute_n against_o heretic_n be_v repeal_v and_o burn_v forbid_v and_o whereas_o he_o cit_v for_o the_o grant_n of_o this_o writ_n 9_o jac._n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n the_o lord_n chief_a baron_n and_o two_o justice_n of_o the_o common-plea_n it_o be_v as_o to_o all_o but_o the_o lord_n chief_a against_o the_o law_n for_o neither_o the_o judge_n of_o common-plea_n nor_o of_o the_o exchequer_n can_v hold_v plea_n of_o the_o crown_n without_o special_a commission_n and_o if_o they_o can_v hold_v plea_n they_o can_v condemn_v la._n the_o punishment_n for_o felony_n be_v that_o the_o felon_n be_v hang_v by_o the_o neck_n till_o he_o be_v dead_a and_o to_o prove_v that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o he_o cite_v a_o sentence_n from_o whence_o i_o know_v not_o quod_fw-la non_fw-la licet_fw-la felonem_fw-la pro_fw-la felonia_n decollare_fw-la ph._n it_o be_v not_o indeed_o lawful_a for_o the_o sheriff_n of_o his_o own_o head_n to_o do_v it_o or_o to_o do_v otherwise_o than_o be_v command_v in_o the_o judgement_n nor_o for_o the_o judge_n to_o give_v any_o other_o judgement_n than_o according_a to_o statute-law_n or_o the_o usage_n consent_v to_o by_o the_o king_n but_o this_o hinder_v not_o the_o king_n from_o alter_v his_o law_n concern_v judgement_n if_o he_o see_v good_a cause_n la._n the_o king_n may_v do_v so_o if_o he_o please_v and_o sir_n edw._n coke_n tell_v you_o how_o he_o alter_v particular_a judgement_n in_o case_n of_o felony_n and_o show_v that_o judgement_n be_v give_v upon_o a_o lord_n in_o parliament_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v hang_v he_o be_v nevertheless_o behead_v and_o that_o another_o lord_n have_v the_o like_a judgement_n for_o another_o felony_n and_o be_v not_o hang_v but_o behead_v and_o withal_o he_o show_v you_o the_o inconveniency_n of_o such_o proceed_n because_o say_v he_o if_o hang_a may_v be_v alter_v to_o behead_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o may_v be_v alter_v to_o burn_a ston_a to_o death_n etc._n etc._n ph._n perhaps_o there_o may_v be_v inconveniency_n in_o it_o but_o it_o be_v more_o than_o i_o see_v or_o he_o show_v nor_o do_v there_o happen_v any_o inconveniency_n from_o the_o execution_n he_o cit_v beside_o he_o grant_v that_o death_n be_v ultimum_fw-la supplicium_fw-la be_v a_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o law_n but_o what_o be_v all_o this_o to_o the_o purpose_n when_o it_o belong_v not_o to_o consider_v such_o inconvenience_n of_o government_n but_o to_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n or_o who_o from_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o depute_a judge_n can_v derive_v a_o power_n to_o censure_v the_o action_n of_o a_o king_n that_o have_v depute_v he_o la._n for_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n by_o misfortune_n there_o be_v he_o say_v no_o express_a judgement_n nor_o for_o kill_v a_o man_n in_o one_o own_o defence_n but_o he_o say_v that_o the_o law_n have_v in_o both_o case_n give_v judgement_n that_o he_o that_o so_o kill_v a_o man_n shall_v forfeit_v all_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n debt_n and_o duty_n ph._n if_o we_o consider_v what_o sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v 1_o inst._n sect._n 745._o at_o the_o word_n felony_n these_o judgement_n be_v very_o favourable_a for_o there_o he_o say_v that_o kill_v of_o a_o man_n by_o chance-medley_n or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la be_v felony_n his_o word_n be_v wherefore_o by_o the_o law_n at_o this_o day_n under_o the_o word_n felony_n in_o commission_n etc._n etc._n be_v include_v petit_n treason_n murder_n homicide_n burn_v of_o house_n burglary_n robbery_n rape_n etc._n etc._n chance-medley_n and_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la but_o if_o we_o consider_v only_o the_o intent_n of_o he_o that_o kill_v a_o man_n by_o misfortune_n or_o in_o his_o own_o defence_n the_o same_o judgement_n will_v be_v think_v both_o cruel_a and_o sinful_a judgement_n and_o how_o they_o can_v be_v felony_n at_o this_o day_n can_v be_v understand_v unless_o there_o be_v a_o statute_n to_o make_v they_o so_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o h._n 3._o cap._n 25._o the_o word_n whereof_o murder_n from_o henceforth_o shall_v not_o be_v judge_v before_o our_o justice_n where_o it_o be_v find_v misfortune_n only_o but_o it_o shall_v take_v place_n in_o such_o as_o be_v slay_v by_o felony_n and_o not_o otherwise_o make_v it_o manifest_a if_o they_o be_v felony_n they_o must_v also_o be_v murder_n unless_o they_o have_v be_v make_v felony_n by_o some_o latter_a statute_n la._n there_o be_v no_o such_o latter_a statute_n nor_o be_v it_o to_o say_v in_o commission_n nor_o can_v a_o commission_n or_o any_o thing_n but_o another_o statute_n make_v a_o thing_n felony_n that_o be_v not_o so_o before_o ph._n see_v what_o it_o be_v for_o a_o man_n to_o distinguish_v felony_n into_o several_a sort_n before_o he_o understand_v the_o general_a name_n of_o felony_n what_o it_o mean_v but_o that_o a_o man_n for_o kill_v another_o man_n by_o misfortune_n only_o without_o any_o evil_a purpose_n shall_v forfeit_v all_o his_o good_n and_o chartel_n debt_n and_o duty_n be_v a_o very_a hard_a judgement_n unless_o perhaps_o they_o be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o kindred_n of_o the_o man_n slay_v by_o way_n of_o amends_o for_o damage_n but_o the_o law_n be_v not_o that_o be_v it_o the_o common-law_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n that_o justify_v this_o judgement_n or_o the_o statute-law_n it_o can_v be_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n if_o the_o case_n be_v mere_a misfortune_n if_o a_o man_n be_v upon_o his_o appletree_n to_o gather_v his_o apple_n and_o by_o ill_a fortune_n fall_v down_o and_o light_v on_o the_o head_n of_o another_o man_n kill_v he_o and_o by_o good_a fortune_n save_v himself_o shall_v he_o for_o this_o mischance_n be_v punish_v with_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o good_n to_o the_o king_n do_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n warrant_v this_o he_o shall_v you_o will_v say_n have_v look_v to_o his_o foot_n that_o be_v true_a but_o so_o shall_v he_o that_o be_v under_o have_v look_v up_o to_o the_o tree_n therefore_o in_o this_o case_n the_o law_n of_o reason_n as_o i_o think_v dictate_v that_o they_o ought_v each_o of_o they_o to_o bear_v his_o own_o misfortune_n la._n in_o this_o case_n i_o agree_v with_o you_o ph._n but_o this_o case_n be_v the_o true_a case_n of_o mere_a misfortune_n and_o a_o sufficient_a reprehension_n of_o the_o opinion_n of_o sir_n edw._n coke_n la._n but_o what_o if_o this_o have_v happen_v to_o be_v do_v by_o one_o that_o have_v be_v steal_v apple_n upon_o the_o tree_n
enemy_n there_o be_v no_o end_n for_o the_o war_n will_v continue_v by_o a_o perpetual_a subdivision_n and_o when_o it_o end_v they_o will_v be_v in_o the_o same_o estate_n they_o be_v before_o that_o they_o be_v often_o abuse_v by_o man_n who_o to_o they_o seem_v wise_a when_o then_o their_o wisdom_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o envy_n to_o those_o that_o be_v in_o grace_n and_o in_o profitable_a employment_n and_o that_o those_o man_n do_v but_o abuse_v the_o common_a people_n to_o their_o own_o end_n that_o set_v up_o a_o private_a man_n propriety_n against_o the_o public_a safety_n but_o say_v withal_o that_o the_o king_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n both_o write_a and_o unwritten_a and_o to_o no_o other_o and_o so_o be_v william_n the_o conqueror_n who_o right_a it_o all_o descend_v to_o our_o present_a king_n la._n as_o to_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n which_o be_v equity_n it_o be_v sure_a enough_o there_o be_v but_o one_o legislator_n which_o be_v god_n ph._n it_o follow_v then_o that_o which_o you_o call_v the_o common-law_n distinct_a from_o statute-law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o law_n of_o god_n la._n in_o some_o sense_n it_o be_v but_o it_o be_v not_o gospel_n but_o natural_a reason_n and_o natural_a equity_n ph._n will_v you_o have_v every_o man_n to_o every_o other_o man_n allege_v for_o law_n his_o own_o particular_a reason_n there_o be_v not_o among_o man_n a_o universal_a reason_n agree_v upon_o in_o any_o nation_n beside_o the_o reason_n of_o he_o that_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n yet_o though_o his_o reason_n be_v but_o the_o reason_n of_o one_o man_n yet_o it_o be_v set_v up_o to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o that_o universal_a reason_n which_o be_v expound_v to_o we_o by_o our_o saviour_n in_o the_o gospel_n and_o consequent_o our_o king_n be_v to_o we_o the_o legislator_n both_o of_o statute-law_n and_o of_o common-law_n la._n yes_o i_o know_v that_o the_o law_n spiritual_a which_o have_v be_v law_n in_o this_o kingdom_n since_o the_o abolish_n of_o popery_n be_v the_o king_n law_n and_o those_o also_o that_o be_v make_v before_o for_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n be_v no_o law_n neither_o here_o nor_o any_o where_o else_o without_o the_o pope_n temporal_a dominion_n far_o than_o king_n and_o state_n in_o their_o several_a dominion_n respective_o do_v make_v they_o so_o ph._n i_o grant_v that_o but_o you_o must_v grant_v also_o that_o those_o spiritual_a law_n legislator_n of_o the_o spiritual_a law_n and_o yet_o not_o all_o king_n and_o state_n make_v law_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o but_o our_o king_n here_o be_v so_o far_o bind_v to_o their_o assent_n as_o he_o shall_v judge_v conduce_v to_o the_o good_a and_o safety_n of_o his_o people_n for_o example_n if_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o shall_v advise_v he_o to_o restore_v those_o law_n spiritual_a which_o in_o queen_n mary_n time_n be_v in_o force_n i_o think_v the_o king_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n oblige_v without_o the_o help_n of_o any_o other_o law_n of_o god_n to_o neglect_v such_o advice_n la._n i_o grant_v you_o that_o the_o king_n be_v sole_a legislator_n but_o with_o this_o restriction_n that_o if_o he_o will_v not_o consult_v with_o the_o lord_n of_o parliament_n and_o hear_v the_o complaint_n and_o information_n of_o the_o commons_o that_o be_v best_a acquaint_v with_o their_o own_o want_n he_o sin_v against_o god_n though_o he_o can_v be_v compel_v to_o any_o thing_n by_o his_o subject_n by_o arm_n and_o force_n ph._n we_o be_v agree_v upon_o that_o already_o since_o therefore_o the_o king_n be_v sole_a legislator_n i_o think_v it_o also_o reason_n he_o shall_v be_v sole_a supreme_a judge_n la._n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n of_o that_o for_o otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v no_o congruity_n of_o judgement_n with_o the_o law_n i_o grant_v also_o that_o he_o be_v the_o supreme_a judge_n over_o all_o person_n judge_n and_o in_o all_o cause_n civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a within_o his_o own_o dominion_n not_o only_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n at_o this_o time_n but_o that_o he_o have_v ever_o be_v so_o by_o the_o common-law_n for_o the_o judge_n of_o both_o the_o bench_n have_v their_o office_n by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n and_o so_o as_o to_o judicature_n have_v the_o bishop_n also_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n have_v his_o office_n by_o receive_v from_o the_o king_n the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n and_o to_o say_v all_o at_o once_o there_o be_v no_o magistrate_n or_o commissioner_n for_o public_a business_n neither_o of_o judicature_n nor_o execution_n in_o state_n or_o church_n in_o peace_n or_o war_n but_o he_o be_v make_v so_o by_o authority_n from_o the_o king_n ph._n it_o be_v true_a but_o perhaps_o you_o may_v â—â—ink_v otherwise_o when_o you_o read_v such_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o say_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v â—ave_n power_n and_o authority_n to_o do_v this_o or_o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o act_n as_o eliz._n c._n 1._o that_o your_o highness_n your_o heir_n and_o successor_n king_n or_o queen_n of_o this_o realm_n shall_v have_v â—â—ll_v power_n and_o authority_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o act_n by_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n to_o assign_v etc._n etc._n be_v it_o not_o this_o parliament_n that_o give_v this_o authority_n to_o the_o queen_n la._n for_o the_o statute_n in_o this_o clause_n be_v no_o more_o than_o as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n use_v to_o speak_v a_o affirmance_n of_o the_o common-law_n for_o she_o be_v head_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n may_v make_v commissioner_n for_o the_o deâ—iding_n of_o matter_n ecclesiastical_a as_o free_o â—s_v if_o she_o have_v be_v pope_n who_o do_v you_o know_v pretend_v his_o right_n from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n ph._n we_o have_v hitherto_o speak_v of_o law_n without_o consider_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o essence_n of_o a_o law_n and_o now_o unless_o we_o define_v the_o word_n law_n we_o can_v go_v no_o â—arther_o without_o ambiguity_n and_o fallacy_n which_o will_v be_v but_o loss_n of_o time_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o agreement_n upon_o our_o word_n will_v enlighten_v all_o we_o have_v to_o say_v â—hereafter_o la._n i_o do_v not_o remember_v the_o definition_n of_o law_n in_o any_o statute_n ph._n i_o think_v so_o for_o the_o statute_n be_v make_v by_o authority_n and_o not_o draw_v from_o any_o other_o principle_n than_o the_o care_n of_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n statute_n be_v not_o philosophy_n as_o be_v the_o common-law_n and_o other_o disputable_a art_n but_o be_v command_n or_o prohibition_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v obey_v because_o assent_v to_o by_o submission_n make_v to_o the_o conqueror_n here_o in_o england_n and_o to_o whosoever_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n in_o other_o common_a wealth_n so_o that_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o all_o place_n be_v statute_n the_o definition_n of_o law_n be_v therefore_o unnecessary_a for_o the_o maker_n of_o statute_n though_o very_o necessary_a to_o they_o who_o work_n it_o be_v to_o teach_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o law_n la._n there_o be_v a_o accurate_a definition_n of_o a_o law_n in_o bracton_n cite_v by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n lex_fw-la est_fw-la sanctio_fw-la justa_fw-la jubens_fw-la honesta_fw-la &_o prohibens_fw-la contraria_fw-la ph._n that_o be_v to_o say_v law_n be_v a_o just_a statute_n command_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v honest_a and_o forbid_v the_o contrary_a from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o in_o all_o case_n it_o must_v be_v the_o honesty_n or_o dishonesty_n that_o make_v the_o command_n a_o law_n whereas_o you_o know_v that_o but_o for_o the_o law_n we_o can_v not_o as_o say_v st._n paul_n have_v know_v what_o be_v sin_n therefore_o this_o definition_n be_v no_o ground_n at_o all_o for_o any_o far_a discourse_n of_o law_n beside_o you_o know_v the_o rule_n of_o honest_a and_o dishonest_a refer_v to_o honour_n and_o that_o it_o be_v justice_n only_o and_o injustice_n that_o the_o law_n respect_v but_o that_o which_o i_o most_o except_v against_o in_o this_o definition_n be_v that_o it_o suppose_v that_o a_o statute_n make_v by_o the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o a_o nation_n may_v be_v unjust_a there_o may_v indeed_o in_o a_o statute_n law_n make_v by_o man_n be_v find_v iniquity_n but_o not_o injustice_n la._n this_o be_v somewhat_o subtle_a i_o pray_v deal_v plain_o what_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o injustice_n and_o iniquity_n ph._n i_o pray_v you_o tell_v i_o first_o what_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o a_o court_n of_o equity_n la._n a_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v that_o which_o have_v cognizance_n of_o such_o cause_n as_o be_v to_o be_v end_v by_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o a_o
doctrine_n heresy_n but_o justice_n stamford_n leave_v it_o out_o because_o when_o heresy_n be_v a_o crime_n it_o be_v a_o plea_n of_o the_o mitre_n i_o see_v also_o in_o this_o catalogue_n of_o cause_n criminal_a he_o insert_v costly_a feeding_n costly_a apparel_n and_o costly_a building_n though_o they_o be_v contrary_a to_o no_o statute_n it_o be_v true_a that_o by_o evil_a circumstance_n they_o become_v sin_n but_o these_o sin_n belong_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o pastor_n spiritual_a a_o justice_n of_o the_o temporal_a law_n see_v the_o intention_n only_o make_v they_o sin_n can_v judge_v whether_o they_o be_v sin_n or_o no_o unless_o he_o have_v power_n to_o take_v confession_n also_o he_o make_v flattery_n of_o the_o king_n to_o be_v a_o crime_n how_o can_v he_o know_v when_o one_o man_n have_v flatter_v another_o he_o mean_v therefore_o that_o it_o be_v a_o crime_n to_o please_v the_o king_n and_o according_o he_o cit_v divers_a calamity_n of_o such_o as_o have_v be_v 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treason_n the_o escheat_n ought_v to_o pertain_v to_o every_o lord_n of_o his_o own_o fee_n and_o because_o many_o other_o like_o case_n of_o treason_n may_v happen_v in_o time_n to_o come_v which_o a_o man_n can_v think_v nor_o declare_v at_o this_o present_a time_n it_o be_v accord_v that_o if_o any_o case_n suppose_a treason_n which_o be_v not_o above_o specify_v do_v happen_v before_o any_o justice_n the_o justice_n shall_v tarry_v without_o give_v any_o judgement_n of_o the_o treason_n till_o the_o cause_n be_v show_v and_o declare_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o parliament_n whether_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v adjudge_v treason_n or_o other_o felony_n ph._n i_o desire_v to_o understand_v what_o treason_n be_v wherein_o no_o enumeration_n of_o fact_n can_v give_v i_o satisfaction_n treason_n be_v a_o crime_n of_o itself_o malum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la and_o therefore_o a_o crime_n at_o the_o common-law_n and_o high_a treason_n the_o high_a crime_n at_o the_o common-law_n that_o can_v be_v and_o therefore_o not_o the_o statute_n only_o but_o reason_n without_o a_o statute_n make_v it_o a_o crime_n and_o this_o appear_v by_o the_o preamble_n where_o it_o be_v intimate_v that_o all_o man_n though_o of_o divers_a opinion_n do_v condemn_v it_o by_o the_o name_n of_o treason_n though_o they_o know_v not_o what_o treason_n mean_v but_o be_v force_v to_o request_v the_o king_n to_o determine_v it_o that_o which_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v be_v how_o treason_n may_v have_v be_v define_v without_o the_o statute_n by_o a_o man_n that_o have_v no_o other_o faculty_n to_o make_v a_o definition_n of_o it_o than_o by_o mere_a natural_a reason_n la._n when_o none_o of_o the_o lawyer_n have_v do_v it_o you_o be_v not_o to_o expect_v that_o i_o shall_v undertake_v it_o on_o such_o a_o sudden_a ph._n you_o know_v that_o salus_n populi_n be_v suprema_fw-la lex_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o high_a law_n and_o that_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n of_o a_o kingdom_n consist_v in_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o the_o strength_n necessary_a to_o defend_v his_o people_n both_o against_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o rebellious_a subject_n and_o from_o this_o i_o infer_v that_o to_o compass_n that_o be_v to_o design_v the_o death_n of_o the_o then_o present_a king_n be_v high_a treason_n before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n as_o be_v a_o design_v of_o a_o civil_a war_n and_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o people_n 2._o that_o the_o design_n to_o kill_v the_o king_n wife_n or_o to_o violate_v her_o chastity_n as_o also_o to_o violate_v the_o chastity_n of_o the_o king_n heir_n apparent_a or_o of_o his_o elder_a daughter_n unmarried_a as_o tend_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o certainty_n of_o
can_v be_v make_v after_o the_o doer_n therefore_o every_o such_o kill_n be_v call_v murder_n before_o it_o can_v be_v know_v whether_o it_o can_v be_v by_o felony_n or_o not_o for_o a_o man_n may_v be_v find_v dead_a that_o kill_v himself_o or_o be_v lawful_o kill_v by_o another_o this_o name_n of_o murder_n come_v to_o be_v the_o more_o horrid_a when_o it_o be_v secret_o do_v for_o that_o it_o make_v every_o man_n to_o consider_v of_o their_o own_o danger_n and_o he_o that_o see_v the_o dead_a body_n to_o boggle_v at_o it_o as_o a_o horse_n will_v do_v at_o a_o dead_a horse_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o same_o they_o have_v law_n in_o force_n to_o amerce_v the_o hundred_o where_o it_o be_v do_v in_o a_o sum_n define_v by_o law_n to_o be_v the_o price_n of_o his_o life_n for_o in_o those_o day_n the_o life_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o man_n be_v value_v by_o money_n and_o the_o value_n set_v down_o in_o their_o write_a law_n and_o therefore_o sir_n edw._n coke_n be_v mistake_v in_o that_o he_o think_v that_o kill_v a_o man_n by_o misfortune_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n be_v adjudge_v murder_n and_o those_o secret_a murder_n be_v abominate_v by_o the_o people_n for_o that_o they_o be_v liable_a to_o so_o great_a a_o pecuniary_a punishment_n for_o suffer_v the_o malefactor_n to_o escape_v but_o this_o grievance_n be_v by_o canutus_n when_o he_o reign_v soon_o ease_v for_o he_o make_v a_o law_n that_o the_o country_n in_o this_o case_n shall_v not_o be_v charge_v unless_o he_o be_v a_o englishman_n that_o be_v so_o slay_v but_o if_o he_o be_v a_o frenchman_n under_o which_o name_n be_v comprehend_v all_o foreigner_n and_o especial_o the_o norman_n though_o the_o slayer_n escape_v the_o county_n be_v not_o to_o be_v amerce_v and_o this_o law_n though_o it_o be_v very_o hard_o and_o chargeable_a when_o a_o englishman_n be_v so_o slay_v for_o his_o friend_n to_o prove_v he_o be_v a_o englishman_n and_o also_o unreasonable_a to_o deny_v the_o justice_n to_o a_o stranger_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o repeal_v till_o the_o 14_o of_o king_n ed._n the_o 3d._n by_o this_o you_o see_v that_o murder_n be_v distinguish_v from_o homicide_n by_o the_o statute-law_n and_o not_o by_o any_o common-law_n without_o the_o statute_n and_o that_o it_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o felony_n la._n and_o so_o also_o be_v petit_n treason_n and_o i_o think_v so_o be_v high_a treason_n also_o for_o in_o the_o abovesaid_a statute_n in_o the_o 25_o ed._n 3d._n concern_v treason_n there_o be_v this_o clause_n and_o because_o that_o many_o other_o like_o case_n of_o treason_n may_v happen_v in_o time_n to_o come_v which_o a_o man_n can_v think_v or_o declare_v at_o the_o present_a time_n it_o be_v accord_v that_o if_o any_o other_o case_n suppose_a treason_n which_o be_v not_o above_o specify_v do_v happen_v before_o any_o the_o justice_n the_o justice_n shall_v tarry_v without_o any_o go_n to_o judgement_n of_o the_o treason_n till_o the_o cause_n be_v show_v and_o declare_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o parliament_n whether_o it_o be_v treason_n or_o other_o felony_n which_o thereby_o show_v that_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n think_v that_o treason_n be_v one_o of_o the_o sort_n of_o felony_n ph._n and_o so_o think_v i._n la._n but_o sir_n edw._n coke_n deny_v it_o to_o be_v so_o at_o this_o day_n for_o 1_o inst._n sect._n 745._o at_o the_o word_n felony_n he_o say_v that_o in_o ancient_a time_n this_o word_n felony_n be_v of_o so_o large_a a_o extent_n as_o that_o it_o include_v high_a treason_n but_o afterward_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o in_o the_o king_n pardon_n or_o charter_n this_o word_n felony_n shall_v extend_v only_o to_o common_a felony_n and_o at_o this_o day_n under_o the_o word_n felony_n by_o law_n be_v include_v petit_n treason_n murder_n homicide_n burn_v of_o house_n burglary_n robbery_n rape_n etc._n etc._n chance-medley_n se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la and_o petit_fw-fr larceny_n ph._n he_o say_v it_o be_v resolve_v but_o by_o who_o la._n by_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 4._o as_o it_o seem_v in_o the_o margin_n ph._n have_v justice_n of_o assize_n any_o power_n by_o their_o commission_n to_o alter_v the_o language_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o receive_a sense_n of_o word_n or_o in_o the_o question_n in_o what_o case_n felony_n shall_v be_v say_v it_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o judge_n to_o determine_v as_o in_o the_o question_n in_o what_o case_n treason_n shall_v be_v say_v it_o be_v refer_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o edw._n the_o 3d._n to_o the_o parliament_n i_o think_v not_o and_o yet_o perhaps_o they_o may_v be_v disoblige_v to_o disallow_v a_o pardon_n of_o treason_n when_o mention_v all_o felony_n it_o name_v not_o treason_n nor_o specify_v it_o by_o any_o description_n of_o the_o fact_n la._n another_o kind_n of_o homicide_n there_o be_v simple_o call_v so_o or_o by_o the_o name_n of_o manslaughter_n and_o be_v not_o murder_n and_o that_o be_v when_o a_o man_n kill_v another_o man_n upon_o sudden_a quarrel_n during_o the_o heat_n of_o blood_n ph._n if_o two_o meeting_n in_o the_o street_n chance_v to_o strive_v who_o shall_v go_v near_o to_o the_o wall_n and_o thereupon_o fight_v one_o of_o they_o kill_v the_o other_o i_o believe_v very_o he_o that_o first_o draw_v his_o sword_n do_v it_o of_o malice_n forethink_v though_o not_o long_o forethink_v but_o whether_o it_o be_v felony_n or_o no_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o harm_n do_v be_v the_o same_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v do_v by_o felony_n but_o the_o wickedness_n of_o the_o intention_n be_v nothing_o near_o so_o great_a and_o suppose_v it_o have_v be_v do_v by_o felony_n then_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n that_o it_o be_v very_a murder_n and_o when_o a_o man_n for_o a_o word_n or_o a_o trifle_n shall_v draw_v his_o sword_n and_o kill_v another_o man_n can_v any_o man_n imagine_v that_o there_o be_v not_o some_o precedent_n malice_n la._n it_o be_v very_o likely_a there_o be_v malice_n more_o or_o less_o and_o therefore_o the_o law_n have_v ordain_v for_o it_o a_o punishment_n equal_a to_o that_o of_o murder_n save_v that_o the_o offender_n shall_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o his_o clergy_n ph._n the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n come_v in_o upon_o another_o account_n and_o import_v not_o any_o extenuation_n of_o the_o crime_n for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o relic_n of_o the_o old_a usurp_a papal_a privilege_n which_o be_v now_o by_o many_o statute_n so_o pare_v off_o as_o to_o spread_v but_o to_o few_o offence_n and_o be_v become_v a_o legal_a kind_n of_o convey_v mercy_n not_o only_o to_o the_o clergy_n but_o also_o to_o the_o laity_n la._n the_o work_n of_o a_o judge_n you_o see_v be_v very_o difficult_a and_o require_v a_o man_n that_o have_v a_o faculty_n of_o well_o distinguish_v of_o dissimilitude_n of_o such_o case_n as_o common_a judgement_n think_v to_o be_v the_o same_o a_o small_a circumstance_n may_v make_v a_o great_a alteration_n which_o a_o man_n that_o can_v well_o discern_v ought_v not_o to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o office_n of_o a_o judge_n ph._n you_o say_v very_o well_o for_o if_o judge_n be_v to_o follow_v one_o another_o judgement_n in_o precedent_n case_n all_o the_o justice_n in_o the_o world_n will_v at_o length_n depend_v upon_o the_o sentence_n of_o a_o few_o learned_a or_o unlearned_a ignorant_a man_n and_o have_v nothing_o at_o all_o to_o do_v with_o the_o study_n of_o reason_n la._n a_o three_o kind_n of_o homicide_n be_v when_o a_o man_n kill_v another_o either_o by_o misfortune_n or_o in_o a_o necessary_a defence_n of_o himself_o or_o of_o the_o king_n or_o of_o his_o law_n for_o such_o kill_a be_v neither_o felony_n nor_o crime_n save_v as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v 4._o inst._n p._n 56._o that_o if_o the_o act_n that_o a_o man_n be_v a_o do_v when_o he_o kill_v another_o man_n be_v unlawful_a than_o it_o be_v murder_n as_o if_o a._n mean_v to_o steal_v a_o deer_n in_o the_o park_n of_o b._n shoot_v at_o the_o deer_n and_o by_o the_o glance_n of_o the_o arrow_n kill_v a_o boy_n that_o be_v hide_v in_o a_o bush_n this_o be_v murder_n for_o that_o the_o act_n be_v unlawful_a but_o if_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o park_n have_v do_v the_o like_a shoot_v at_o his_o own_o deer_n it_o have_v be_v by_o misadventure_n and_o no_o felony_n ph._n this_o be_v not_o so_o distinguish_v by_o any_o statute_n but_o be_v the_o common_o only_a of_o sir_n ed._n coke_n i_o believe_v not_o a_o word_n of_o it_o if_o a_o boy_n be_v rob_v a_o appletree_n and_o fall_v thence_o upon_o a_o man_n that_o stand_v under_o
it_o and_o break_v his_o neck_n but_o by_o the_o same_o chance_n save_v his_o own_o life_n sir_n edw._n coke_n it_o seem_v will_v have_v he_o hang_v for_o it_o as_o if_o he_o have_v fall_v of_o prepense_a malice_n all_o that_o can_v be_v call_v crime_n in_o this_o business_n be_v but_o a_o simple_a trespass_n to_o the_o damage_n perhaps_o of_o sixpence_n or_o a_o shilling_n i_o confess_v the_o trespass_n be_v a_o offence_n against_o the_o law_n but_o the_o fall_n be_v none_o nor_o be_v it_o by_o the_o trespass_n but_o by_o the_o fall_a that_o the_o man_n be_v slay_v and_o as_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v quit_v of_o the_o kill_n so_o he_o ought_v to_o make_v restitution_n for_o the_o trespass_n but_o i_o believe_v the_o cause_n of_o sir_n edw._n coke_n mistake_n be_v his_o not_o well_o understanding_n of_o bracton_n who_o he_o cite_v in_o the_o margin_n for_o 1206_o he_o say_v thus_o sed_fw-la hic_fw-la erit_fw-la distinguendum_fw-la utrum_fw-la quis_fw-la dederit_fw-la operam_fw-la rei_fw-la licitae_fw-la vel_fw-la illicitae_fw-la si_fw-la illicitae_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la bapidem_fw-la projiciebat_fw-la quis_fw-la versus_fw-la locum_fw-la per_fw-la quem_fw-la consueverunt_fw-la homines_fw-la transitum_fw-la facere_fw-la vel_fw-la dum_fw-la insequitur_fw-la equum_fw-la vel_fw-la bovem_fw-la &_o aliquis_fw-la ab_fw-la equo_fw-la vel_fw-la a_o above_o percussus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la &_o hujusmodi_fw-la hoc_fw-la imputatur_fw-la ei_fw-la i._n e._n but_o here_o we_o be_v to_o distinguish_v whether_o a_o man_n be_v upon_o a_o lawful_a or_o unlawful_a business_n if_o a_o unlawful_a as_o he_o that_o throw_v a_o stone_n into_o a_o place_n where_o man_n use_v to_o pass_v or_o if_o he_o chase_v a_o horse_n or_o a_o ox_n and_o thereby_o the_o man_n be_v strike_v by_o the_o horse_n or_o the_o ox_n this_o shall_v be_v impute_v to_o he_o and_o it_o be_v most_o reasonable_a for_o the_o do_n of_o such_o a_o unlawful_a act_n as_o be_v here_o mean_v be_v a_o sufficient_a argument_n of_o a_o felonious_a purpose_n or_o at_o least_o a_o hope_n to_o kill_v some_o body_n or_o other_o and_o he_o care_v not_o who_o which_o be_v worse_o than_o to_o design_n the_o death_n of_o a_o certain_a adversary_n which_o nevertheless_o be_v murder_n also_o on_o the_o contrary_a though_o the_o business_n a_o man_n be_v do_v be_v lawful_a and_o it_o chance_v sometime_o that_o a_o man_n be_v slay_v thereby_o yet_o may_v such_o kill_a be_v felony_n for_o if_o a_o car-man_n drive_v his_o cart_n through_o cheapside_n in_o a_o throng_n of_o people_n and_o thereby_o he_o kill_v a_o man_n though_o he_o bear_v he_o no_o malice_n yet_o because_o he_o see_v there_o be_v very_o great_a danger_n it_o may_v reasonable_o be_v infer_v that_o he_o mean_v to_o adventure_v the_o kill_n of_o some_o body_n or_o other_o though_o not_o of_o he_o that_o be_v kill_v la._n he_o be_v a_o felon_n also_o that_o kill_v himself_o voluntary_o and_o be_v call_v not_o only_o by_o common_a lawyer_n but_o also_o in_o divers_a statute-law_n felo_fw-la de_fw-fr se._n ph._n and_o it_o be_v well_o so_o for_o name_n impose_v by_o statute_n be_v equivalent_a to_o definition_n but_o i_o conceive_v not_o how_o any_o man_n can_v bear_v animum_fw-la felleum_fw-la or_o so_o much_o malice_n towards_o himself_o as_o to_o hurt_v himself_o voluntary_o much_o less_o to_o kill_v himself_o for_o natural_o and_o necessary_o the_o intention_n of_o every_o man_n aim_v at_o somewhat_o which_o be_v good_a to_o himself_o and_o tend_v to_o his_o preservation_n and_o therefore_o methinks_v if_o he_o kill_v himself_o it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v that_o he_o be_v not_o compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la but_o by_o some_o inward_a torment_n or_o apprehension_n of_o somewhat_o worse_o than_o death_n distract_v la._n nay_o unless_o he_o be_v compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la he_o be_v not_o felo_fw-la de_fw-fr se_fw-la as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v 4_o inst._n p._n 54._o and_o therefore_o he_o can_v be_v judge_v a_o felo_fw-la de_fw-fr se_fw-la unless_o it_o be_v first_o prove_v he_o be_v compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la ph._n how_o can_v that_o be_v prove_v of_o a_o man_n dead_a especial_o if_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v by_o any_o witness_n that_o a_o little_a before_o his_o death_n he_o speak_v as_o other_o man_n use_v to_o do_v this_o be_v a_o hard_a place_n and_o before_o you_o take_v it_o for_o common-law_n it_o have_v need_v to_o be_v clear_v la._n i_o will_v think_v on_o it_o there_o be_v a_o statute_n of_o 3_o hen._n 7._o c._n 14._o which_o make_v it_o felony_n in_o any_o of_o the_o king_n houshold-servant_n under_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o lord_n to_o compass_n the_o death_n of_o any_o of_o the_o king_n privy-council_n the_o word_n be_v these_o that_o from_o henceforth_o the_o steward_n treasurer_n and_o controller_n of_o the_o king_n house_n for_o that_o time_n be_v or_o one_o of_o they_o have_v full_a authority_n and_o power_n to_o inquire_v by_o 12_o sad_a man_n and_o discreet_a person_n of_o the_o chequer-roll_n of_o the_o king_n be_v honourable_a household_n if_o any_o servant_n admit_v to_o his_o servant_n swear_v and_o his_o name_n put_v into_o the_o chequer-roll_n whatsoever_o he_o be_v serve_v in_o any_o manner_n office_n or_o room_n repute_v have_v or_o take_v under_o the_o state_n of_o a_o lord_n make_v any_o confederacy_n compassing_n conspiracy_n or_o imagination_n with_o any_o person_n to_o destroy_v or_o murder_v the_o king_n or_o any_o lord_n of_o this_o realm_n or_o any_o other_o person_n swear_v to_o the_o king_n council_n steward_z treasurer_n or_o controller_n of_o the_o king_n house_n and_o if_o such_o misdoer_n shall_v be_v find_v guilty_a by_o confession_n or_o otherwise_o that_o the_o say_a offence_n shall_v be_v judge_v felony_n ph._n it_o appear_v by_o this_o statute_n that_o not_o only_o the_o compass_v the_o death_n as_o you_o say_v of_o a_o privy-councillor_n but_o also_o of_o any_o lord_n of_o this_o realm_n be_v felony_n if_o it_o be_v do_v by_o any_o of_o the_o 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