commit_v upon_o they_o but_o then_o when_o the_o finger_n be_v prescind_v or_o mutilate_v they_o think_v it_o shall_v be_v say_v the_o hand_n be_v demember_v or_o mutilate_v and_o not_o the_o finger_n which_o say_v they_o be_v but_o instrument_n of_o the_o hand_n cooperate_a with_o it_o and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o mean_v of_o suarez_n dict_z disp_n sect_n 2._o n._n 9_o and_o be_v the_o express_a word_n of_o fortunat._n fid_n lib._n 2_o relat_n med_a sect_n 5_o c_o 2._o mutilam_fw-la particulam_fw-la inquit_fw-la nuncupare_fw-la solet_fw-la galenus_n non_fw-la quae_fw-la jam_fw-la est_fw-la abscissa_fw-la sed_fw-la quae_fw-la jam_fw-la superest_fw-la imperfecta_fw-la de_fw-fr morb_n cause_n 8._o where_o he_o cite_v galens_n own_o word_n nemo_fw-la ambigit_fw-la quod_fw-la ejus_fw-la quod_fw-la superest_fw-la partis_fw-la est_fw-la aegritudo_fw-la and_o so_o the_o whole_a difficulty_n be_v resolve_v in_o a_o question_n about_o a_o form_n of_o speak_v whether_o when_o the_o finger_n be_v cut_v off_o it_o be_v more_o proper_a to_o say_v the_o finger_n be_v demember_v or_o the_o hand_n be_v demember_v of_o the_o finger_n it_o be_v a_o wonder_n why_o the_o dd._n shall_v make_v so_o much_o work_v about_o this_o question_n when_o as_o the_o law_n they_o find_v on_o give_v little_a or_o no_o ground_n for_o their_o opinion_n for_o as_o to_o l_o 14_o ff_n de_fw-fr statu_fw-la the_o scope_n of_o it_o according_a to_o corasius_fw-la be_v not_o to_o determine_v what_o be_v a_o member_n and_o what_o not_o but_o to_o regulat_fw-la succession_n ab_fw-la intestato_fw-la and_o to_o exclude_v from_o that_o succession_n all_o monster_n and_o prodigious_a birth_n qui_fw-la contra_fw-la formam_fw-la humani_fw-la generis_fw-la conuerso_fw-la more_fw-it procreantur_fw-la as_o when_o a_o woman_n bring_v forth_o a_o calf_n or_o monster_n with_o two_o head_n whereof_o many_o be_v bring_v forth_o at_o that_o time_n among_o the_o roman_n as_o to_o these_o paulus_n the_o author_n 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the_o digiti_fw-la pedis_fw-la or_o toe_n as_o to_o which_o we_o have_v no_o decision_n in_o these_o register_n but_o yet_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n to_o conclude_v that_o the_o crime_n of_o mutilation_n and_o demembration_n may_v be_v infer_v when_o the_o like_a violence_n be_v commit_v on_o they_o that_o serve_v to_o constitute_v these_o crime_n as_o to_o the_o finger_n because_o they_o be_v also_o of_o great_a use_n for_o if_o they_o be_v cut_v off_o a_o man_n can_v neither_o stand_v nor_o walk_v as_o before_o though_o he_o may_v in_o some_o measure_n do_v both_o nor_o to_o put_v his_o body_n in_o such_o a_o posture_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v himself_o against_o the_o assault_n of_o his_o enemy_n nor_o to_o make_v his_o escape_n when_o like_a to_o be_v overpower_v if_o only_o one_o toe_n be_v cut_v off_o the_o inconveniency_n be_v not_o so_o great_a as_o arise_v to_o the_o hand_n by_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o finger_n yet_o the_o foot_n have_v a_o great_a loss_n by_o the_o want_n of_o the_o great-toe_n and_o the_o damnage_n more_o than_o in_o the_o loss_n of_o any_o other_o and_o next_o to_o that_o be_v the_o damnage_n of_o the_o toe_n next_o to_o it_o and_o so_o in_o order_n both_z as_o to_o finger_n and_o toe_n but_o still_o the_o loss_n of_o finger_n be_v esteem_v great_a because_o they_o perform_v more_o action_n and_o the_o hand_n be_v so_o noble_a a_o member_n that_o when_o a_o member_n be_v simple_o speak_v of_o the_o hand_n be_v understand_v zacch_n quest._n medicolegal_a lib_n 5_o tit_n 3._o q._n 6._o n._n 5._o and_o the_o author_n there_o cite_v by_o he_o and_o yet_o if_o we_o may_v give_v credit_n to_o the_o author_n cite_v by_o zacch_n dict_z q._n 6._o n._n 9_o we_o will_v find_v that_o some_o man_n bear_v without_o hand_n have_v perform_v the_o like_a action_n with_o the_o toe_n as_o the_o hand_n be_v in_o use_n to_o do_v he_o cite_v alex._n benedict_n paree_n the_o famous_a french_a chirurgeon_n and_o divers_a other_o making_z mention_n of_o person_n who_o ate_n drink_v play_v at_o card_n and_o other_o game_n with_o their_o toe_n and_o of_o one_o that_o steal_v robe_v murder_v with_o they_o and_o suffer_v death_n for_o so_o do_v and_o of_o a_o woman_n that_o cut_v cloth_n span_n sew_v etc._n etc._n zacch_n say_v anno_fw-la 1624._o he_o see_v petrus_n lucernensis_n who_o want_v his_o arm_n play_v on_o all_o musical_a instrument_n with_o his_o toe_n and_o a_o woman_n who_o anno_o 1627._o perform_v the_o like_a action_n if_o any_o desire_n to_o please_v himself_o with_o example_n of_o this_o nature_n he_o may_v peruse_v cardan_n de_fw-fr subtle_a &_o lib._n 12._o de_fw-la variet_fw-la cap._n 62._o as_o also_o schenckii_n hist_o memorab_n monstrorum_fw-la and_o wane_o in_o his_o wonder_n of_o the_o little_a world_n lib._n 1._o cap_n 10._o n._n 3._o &_o 6._o we_o only_o mention_v these_o to_o this_o end_n to_o show_v that_o if_o such_o person_n shall_v exist_v among_o we_o and_o be_v mutilate_v or_o demember_v of_o foot_n or_o toe_n the_o crime_n will_v deserve_v equal_a punishment_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o hand_n or_o finger_n because_o the_o prejudice_n be_v equal_a except_o as_o to_o deformity_n which_o be_v more_o visible_a in_o the_o hand_n it_o be_v question_v among_o the_o d_o d._n if_o precision_n of_o a_o wither_a member_n infer_v the_o crime_n and_o punishment_n of_o demembration_n suarez_n de_fw-fr censur_fw-fr disp_n 44._o sect._n 2._o n._n 11._o vers_fw-la respondeo_fw-la aliud_fw-la esse_fw-la &_o versu_fw-la ideoque_fw-la si_fw-la alter_fw-la postea_fw-la and_o farin_n fragm_n crim_n part_n 2._o n._n 597._o handle_v the_o same_o point_n as_o to_o irregularity_n and_o conclude_v that_o he_o that_o detruncat_n a_o wither_a member_n from_o his_o neighbour_n body_n become_v no_o more_o irregular_a by_o so_o do_v than_o if_o he_o have_v cut_v off_o the_o member_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n because_o the_o member_n want_v life_n in_o the_o one_o case_n as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o but_o if_o the_o member_n cut_v off_o have_v be_v a_o live_n though_o a_o weak_a &_o wound_a member_n the_o detruncator_n say_v they_o have_v become_v irregular_a but_o notwithstanding_o of_o what_o they_o conclude_v as_o to_o irregularity_n the_o cause_n whereof_o they_o labour_v to_o retrench_v as_o i_o have_v say_v yet_o such_o a_o detruncation_n infer_v the_o crime_n and_o punishment_n of_o demembration_n when_o the_o question_n be_v concern_v punishment_n and_o not_o irregularity_n and_o this_o be_v the_o express_a opinion_n of_o caballus_fw-la resol_fw-la crim_n cent_n 3._o case_n 232._o n_o 77._o &_o 78._o where_o he_o affirm_v that_o albeit_o a_o member_n want_v life_n yet_o so_o long_o as_o it_o adhere_v to_o the_o body_n it_o be_v still_o a_o member_n as_o a_o wither_a tree_n be_v always_o a_o tree_n so_o long_o as_o it_o stand_v on_o the_o root_n but_o after_o separation_n it_o be_v not_o call_v a_o tree_n but_o wood_n and_o for_o this_o he_o cite_v angel_n salicet_fw-la fulgos_n and_o coepol_n to_o this_o add_v that_o if_o a_o malefactor_n be_v sentence_v to_o have_v a_o hand_n cut_v off_o indefinite_o it_o be_v always_o understand_v of_o his_o whithred_a hand_n if_o he_o have_v one_o per_fw-la authent_fw-fr sed_fw-la novo_fw-la jure_fw-la c._n de_fw-fr serve_v fugit_fw-la &_o ibi_fw-la gloss_n 2._o in_o adit_fw-la which_o can_v not_o be_v if_o it_o be_v no_o hand_n this_o be_v also_o conclude_v by_o the_o say_a cabal_n dict_z case_z n._n 52._o jul._n clarus_n in_o pract_n §_o sin_n q_o 69._o n._n 4._o caepol_n in_o dict_z authent_fw-fr n._n 24._o carpz_n pract_n crim._n p._n 1._o qu._n 40._o n._n 43_o and_o divers_a other_o the_o next_o question_n be_v if_o a_o man_n may_v be_v punish_v as_o a_o demembrator_n who_o cut_v off_o a_o member_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n body_n out_o of_o a_o design_n to_o disgrace_v it_o farin_n loc_fw-la supra_fw-la cit_fw-la n
559._o say_v it_o infer_v no_o iraegularity_n so_o say_v covarruv_n in_o clem._n si_fw-la furiosus_fw-la p._n 2._o in_o prin_fw-mi n._n 1._o de_fw-fr homicide_n because_o the_o member_n be_v dead_a be_v no_o member_n or_o rather_o i_o say_v because_o the_o separate_a member_n be_v not_o cut_v off_o a_o live_a body_n as_o in_o the_o case_n immediate_o precede_v majol_n cite_v by_o farin_n n._n 600._o ibid._n and_o some_o other_o affirm_v the_o contrary_a because_o if_o the_o person_n have_v be_v alive_a the_o delinquent_n malice_n will_v have_v lead_v he_o to_o do_v the_o same_o and_o voluntas_fw-la non_fw-la actus_fw-la specto_fw-la est_fw-la l._n 1._o §_o 8._o ff_n de_fw-fr sicar_n yet_o for_o all_o that_o i_o think_v the_o crime_n of_o demembration_n can_v be_v hence_o infer_v see_v homicide_n can_v not_o be_v infer_v by_o a_o wound_n in_o the_o heart_n which_o will_v have_v kill_v he_o have_v he_o be_v alive_a with_fw-mi suarez_n de_fw-fr cens_fw-la disp_n 44._o sect._n 2._o n_o 3._o ad_fw-la sin_n vers_fw-la atqne_fw-la ita_fw-la &_o n._n 4._o farin_n loco_fw-la citat_fw-la n._n 601._o the_o use_n of_o all_o this_o discourse_n concern_v proper_a and_o improper_a member_n be_v for_o understand_v general_a statute_n concern_v member_n without_o mention_v whether_o they_o be_v proper_a or_o improper_a for_o example_n if_o a_o law_n or_o statute_n ordain_v that_o one_o who_o eut_v off_o mutilat_n or_o debilitat_v a_o member_n shall_v be_v punish_v that_o will_v not_o reach_v he_o who_o cut_v off_o mutilat_n or_o debilitat_v a_o improper_a member_n cabal_n dict_z cent._n 3_o case_z 236._o n._n 16.17_o unless_o say_v he_o the_o contrary_n appear_v from_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o statute_n as_o if_o it_o run_v against_o he_o who_o cut_v off_o or_o debilitat_v any_o member_n in_o that_o case_n say_v he_o it_o will_v comprehend_v improper_a member_n because_o the_o relative_n any_o or_o aliqvod_n be_v general_a and_o for_o this_o he_o cite_v bald._n fulgos._n castr._n caepol_n angel_n august_n and_o the_o like_a be_v assert_v by_o bartolus_n ad_fw-la l._n non_fw-la sunt_fw-la liberi_fw-la 14._o ff_n de_fw-fr statu_fw-la viz._n that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o law_n ordain_v he_o that_o cut_v off_o a_o member_n to_o be_v punish_v paenâ_fw-la talionis_fw-la it_o will_v not_o reach_v he_o who_o cut_v off_o a_o improper_a member_n and_o pannormitan_n c._n cum_fw-la illorum_fw-la 32._o the_o send_v excommun_n follow_v bartolus_n and_o it_o do_v not_o alter_v the_o case_n whether_o the_o punishment_n appoint_v by_o the_o statute_n be_v corporal_n or_o arbitrary_a the_o thing_n remarkable_a be_v only_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o word_n member_n all_o judge_n competent_a in_o homicide_n be_v likewise_o competent_a in_o the_o crime_n of_o mutilation_n and_o demembration_n and_o therefore_o not_o only_o be_v the_o justice_n competent_a but_o likewise_o baily_n of_o regality_n stewart_n of_o stewartry_n and_o the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o border_n but_o sometime_o where_o the_o pursuit_n be_v first_o commence_v before_o the_o justice_n they_o have_v refuse_v to_o allow_v repledgiation_n as_o in_o the_o forecited_a case_n 15._o july_n 1642._o chynie_n of_o wallie_n against_o movat_a and_o neving_n where_o the_o justice_n do_v not_o allow_v sir_n william_n dick_n stuart_n of_o orkney_n the_o place_n where_o they_o dwell_v to_o repledge_a but_o recommend_v to_o he_o to_o agree_v the_o party_n and_o because_o he_o do_v not_o agree_v they_o the_o justices_z judge_v the_o cause_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la the_o justice_n allow_v the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o border_n to_o repledge_a and_o so_o 11_o june_n 1612._o lord_n cranston_n repledged_a rutherford_n pursue_v by_o weir_n for_o mutilate_v he_o of_o the_o foremost_a finger_n of_o his_o left_a hand_n and_o yet_o the_o justice_n do_v not_o admit_v of_o that_o repledgiation_n till_o they_o have_v advise_v with_o the_o privy_a council_n baron_n of_o baronry_n be_v not_o competent_a judge_n of_o mutilation_n and_o demembration_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v a_o pursuit_n move_v before_o the_o justice_n 10._o july_n 1635._o thomson_n against_o gillespie_n and_o other_o for_o mutilate_v she_o of_o her_o right_a hand_n when_o she_o come_v to_o rid_v they_o and_o they_o crave_v to_o be_v absolve_v because_o the_o laird_n of_o killhead_n as_o baron_n baillie_n to_o the_o lord_n drumlanrig_v have_v judge_v the_o cause_n the_o justice_n repel_v the_o same_o and_o remit_v the_o pannal_n to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o assize_n neither_o be_v the_o privy_a council_n judge_n to_o these_o crime_n more_o than_o to_o murder_n and_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o if_o he_o who_o be_v guilty_a shall_v be_v convene_v before_o the_o privy_a council_n to_o be_v punish_v for_o that_o crime_n as_o a_o riot_n their_o sentence_n will_v not_o hinder_v the_o justice_n to_o judge_v it_o over_o again_o under_o the_o head_n of_o mutilation_n and_o demembration_n 27._o june_n 1605._o johnston_n against_o brown_n and_o 9_o and_o 11._o january_n 1628._o mcmurran_n against_o hamilton_n where_o the_o case_n of_o johnston_n against_o maxwel_n of_o grubtoun_n anno_fw-la 1605._o for_o assault_v the_o house_n of_o newbie_n be_v cite_v but_o the_o justice_n only_o continue_v the_o diet_n because_o hamilton_n the_o panel_n be_v sick_a but_o though_o the_o privy_a council_n can_v decide_v case_n of_o mutilation_n and_o demembration_n yet_o they_o can_v precognosce_fw-la and_o discharge_v the_o justice_n to_o proceed_v for_o this_o they_o can_v do_v in_o homicide_n which_o be_v the_o great_a crime_n and_o there_o need_v no_o proof_n of_o this_o because_o it_o be_v daily_o practise_v there_o be_v some_o caution_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o form_v a_o libel_n of_o mutilation_n as_o first_o albeit_o it_o be_v sufficient_a in_o the_o case_n of_o homicide_n to_o libel_v that_o the_o desunct_n be_v kill_v ex_fw-la gr_fw-la on_o the_o first_o day_n of_o january_n 1698._o or_o on_o one_o or_o other_o of_o the_o day_n of_o the_o say_a month_n or_o month_n of_o the_o say_a year_n yet_o in_o a_o libel_n of_o mutilation_n the_o day_n must_v be_v precise_o condescend_v on_o or_o declare_v at_o the_o bar_n which_o be_v equivalent_a 10_o january_n 1640._o ker_n against_o halyburton_n and_o the_o alternative_a upon_o one_o or_o other_o of_o the_o day_n of_o the_o say_a month_n or_o month_n of_o the_o say_a year_n will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a because_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi can_v insist_v within_o year_n and_o day_n after_o the_o commit_n of_o the_o crime_n in_o respect_n the_o law_n allow_v that_o time_n to_o expect_v recovery_n of_o the_o wound_n as_o we_o shall_v prove_v in_o the_o first_o defence_n second_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a that_o in_o a_o libel_n of_o mutilation_n ex_fw-la gr_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n the_o true_a matter_n of_o fact_n by_o which_o the_o sight_n be_v take_v away_o be_v condescend_v on_o and_o so_o in_o the_o foresay_a action_n 28._o july_n 1643._o logie_n against_o howison_n the_o libel_n bear_v that_o the_o eye_n be_v mutilate_v by_o a_o stroke_n with_o a_o tree_n on_o the_o head_n which_o bring_v a_o defluction_n on_o the_o eye_n and_o occasion_v a_o blindness_n if_o the_o libel_n be_v so_o form_v it_o will_v the_o better_a quadrat_fw-la with_o the_o probation_n and_o prevent_v all_o cavillation_n which_o may_v occur_v by_o reason_n of_o difference_n that_o may_v happen_v between_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o libel_n and_o probation_n i_o say_v it_o will_v prevent_v cavillation_n but_o i_o say_v not_o that_o a_o libel_n without_o this_o condescendence_n will_v be_v reject_v as_o irrelevant_a for_o the_o contrary_n be_v find_v 19_o nou._n 1647_o inglis_n of_o craigmakerren_n against_o martin_n where_o the_o justice_n sound_v a_o libel_n of_o mutilation_n relevant_a without_o such_o a_o condescendence_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v urge_v that_o mutilation_n fall_v not_o otherwise_o under_o the_o external_a sense_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o incision_n or_o other_o hurt_v from_o which_o it_o be_v infer_v but_o there_o will_v be_v great_a difficulty_n in_o a_o libel_n of_o demembration_n ex_fw-la gr_n of_o a_o leg_n which_o be_v not_o cut_v off_o by_o the_o stroke_n or_o wound_n but_o be_v crush_v to_o that_o degree_n that_o the_o chirurgeon_n be_v necessitate_v to_o cut_v it_o off_o for_o if_o the_o true_a matter_n of_o fact_n be_v not_o libel_v but_o in_o place_n thereof_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o panel_n cut_v off_o the_o leg_n then_o the_o panel_n will_v simple_o deny_v the_o lybel_n and_o consent_v it_o be_v find_v relevant_a as_o conceive_v and_o then_o when_o the_o witness_n come_v to_o be_v examine_v a_o debate_n will_v arise_v upon_o the_o interrogatory_n for_o either_o they_o must_v be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o lybel_n or_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n if_o to_o the_o lybel_n viz._n whither_o they_o know_v that_o the_o panel_n cut_v off_o the_o leg_n
they_o will_v depone_v negative_a and_o if_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n viz._n if_o the_o chirurgeon_n cut_v it_o off_o than_o it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o the_o interrogatory_n be_v disconforme_v to_o the_o lybel_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v reject_v because_o the_o lybel_n be_v find_v relevant_a as_o conceive_v bear_v that_o the_o panel_n cut_v off_o the_o leg_n whereas_o if_o the_o true_a matter_n of_o fact_n have_v be_v libel_v viz._n that_o the_o chirurgeon_n cut_v it_o off_o the_o panel_n will_v have_v allege_v and_o prove_v that_o the_o chirurgeon_n do_v it_o ex_fw-la malo_fw-la regimine_fw-la of_o which_o defence_n he_o have_v no_o use_n as_o the_o lybel_n be_v conceive_v and_o so_o the_o panel_n be_v by_o the_o conception_n of_o the_o lybel_n deprive_v of_o that_o defence_n the_o witness_n can_v only_o be_v examine_v upon_o the_o precise_a term_n of_o the_o lybel_n and_o suppose_v the_o justice_n do_v sustain_v the_o interrogatory_n as_o they_o agree_v to_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n viz._n that_o the_o panel_n crush_v the_o leg_n and_o the_o chirurgeon_n cut_v it_o off_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v after_o much_o altercation_n which_o may_v be_v preven_v by_o lybel_v the_o true_a matter_n of_o fact_n three_o it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a in_o a_o lybel_n of_o mutilation_n to_o say_v that_o the_o member_n be_v not_o only_o render_v useless_a at_o the_o time_n by_o the_o hurt_v it_o receive_v but_o that_o it_o remain_v still_o useless_a never_o have_v recover_v just_a as_o in_o a_o lybel_n of_o reduction_n of_o a_o bond_n or_o other_o deed_n grant_v on_o death_n bed_n its_o usual_a to_o say_v that_o the_o defunct_a dye_v of_o the_o sickness_n and_o never_o go_v to_o kirk_n or_o mercat_n after_o he_o grant_v the_o bond_n for_o by_o this_o negative_a which_o prove_v itself_o the_o burden_n of_o prove_v the_o contrary_a viz._n that_o the_o member_n do_v recover_v its_o strength_n be_v devolve_v on_o the_o panel_n four_o if_o either_o mutilation_n or_o demembration_n be_v so_o secret_o commit_v that_o no_o witness_n see_v it_o and_o the_o probation_n be_v only_o by_o presumption_n it_o will_v be_v very_o convenient_a to_o condescend_v upon_o the_o presumption_n in_o the_o lybel_n that_o the_o justice_n may_v give_v interloquitor_n upon_o the_o relevancie_n of_o they_o and_o leave_v nothing_o to_o the_o assize_n but_o to_o cognosce_fw-la upon_o the_o fact_n of_o those_o presumption_n because_o it_o be_v hard_o in_o many_o case_n to_o judge_v upon_o the_o relevancy_n of_o presumption_n this_o caution_n be_v practise_v in_o the_o lybel_n of_o demembration_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o relict_n &_o child_n of_o william_n fenton_n against_o montgomery_n upon_o which_o the_o lord_n commissioner_n of_o justiciary_a give_v their_o interloquitor_n date_v 19_o march_n 1690._o find_v the_o presumption_n relevant_a to_o infer_v a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n and_o remit_v the_o same_o id_fw-la est_fw-la the_o matter_n of_o fact_n of_o the_o presumption_n to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o assize_n whereas_o if_o the_o presumption_n have_v not_o be_v libel_v but_o have_v be_v first_o adduce_v before_o the_o assize_n it_o be_v a_o thousand_o to_o one_o if_o they_o have_v not_o give_v a_o verdict_n find_v the_o lybel_n not_o prove_v because_o it_o conclude_v pain_n of_o death_n on_o the_o account_n that_o the_o break_n of_o fentons_n leg_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o death_n which_o the_o surgeon_n will_v not_o depone_v i_o find_v a_o libel_n of_o homicide_n 12._o april_n 1637._o have_v be_v form_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o king_n advocate_n against_o memath_n for_o murder_v a_o poor_a chapman_n upon_o the_o hill_n of_o corstorphine_n where_o no_o witness_n be_v present_a and_o no_o other_o probation_n but_o presumptive_a five_o there_o be_v some_o both_o divine_n and_o lawyer_n who_o think_v it_o convenient_a in_o a_o lybel_n of_o atrocious_a demembration_n to_o conclude_v that_o the_o punishment_n of_o retaliation_n may_v be_v corpora_o inflict_v on_o the_o panel_n as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o foresay_a pursuit_n forbes_n of_o leslie_n against_o pitfoddel_n to_o this_o end_n that_o if_o either_o the_o panel_n be_v solvent_a yet_o unwilling_a to_o pay_v what_o the_o judge_n shall_v think_v fit_a to_o modify_v by_o way_n of_o assythment_n or_o if_o he_o be_v vilis_fw-la persona_fw-la or_o indigent_a corporal_a punishment_n may_v be_v inflict_v in_o which_o last_o case_n the_o lawyer_n say_v that_o paupertas_fw-la facit_fw-la poenam_fw-la pecuniariam_fw-la commutari_fw-la in_o personalem_fw-la caball_n dict_z case_z 236._o n_o 43._o &_o 45._o and_o this_o cautela_fw-la do_v likeways_o answer_v to_o the_o design_n of_o cap._n 11._o stat_fw-la rob._n 2._o i_o come_v now_o to_o the_o defence_n some_o whereof_z be_v dilatory_a and_o serve_v only_a to_o continue_v or_o delay_v the_o diet_n other_o be_v peremptory_a which_o elide_v the_o lybel_n of_o the_o first_o kind_n be_v these_o 1._o it_o be_v a_o good_a defence_n against_o a_o lybel_n of_o mutilation_n that_o year_n and_o day_n be_v not_o elapse_v since_o the_o time_n libel_v of_o commit_v the_o crime_n this_o the_o justice_n will_v sustain_v and_o continue_v the_o diet_n till_o year_n and_o day_n elapse_v because_o by_o our_o custom_n as_o aforesaid_a so_o much_o time_n be_v allow_v to_o expect_v recovery_n so_o they_o find_v 17._o decem._n 1624._o boyne_n against_o hately_n and_o 10._o january_n 1640._o ker_n against_o halyburton_n and_o crawmond_n it_o be_v also_o propon_v 9_o and_o 11._o january_n 1628._o mcmurran_n against_o hamilton_n and_o in_o the_o abovecited_a 3_o august_n 1647._o forbes_n of_o lesly_n against_o pitfoddel_n but_o none_o of_o these_o two_o come_v to_o a_o decision_n the_o reply_n to_o this_o if_o the_o day_n of_o commit_v be_v condescend_v on_o be_v that_o though_o the_o lybel_n be_v raise_v within_o year_n and_o day_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o insist_v on_o till_o year_n and_o day_n be_v elapse_v or_o in_o case_n a_o certain_a day_n be_v libel_v with_o a_o alternative_a of_o one_o other_o of_o the_o day_n of_o that_o month_n or_o month_n of_o the_o year_n then_o the_o reply_n be_v that_o suppose_v count_v be_v make_v from_o the_o last_o day_n of_o that_o year_n it_o will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v expire_v this_o defence_n that_o year_n and_o day_n be_v not_o elapse_v take_v no_o place_n against_o a_o lybel_n of_o demembration_n because_o where_o a_o member_n be_v cut_v off_o recovery_n be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v as_o be_v find_v 27._o feb._n 1618._o thomson_n against_o miln_n for_o bite_v off_o her_o finger_n if_o the_o pursuit_n be_v both_o for_o mutilation_n and_o demembration_n ex_fw-la gra_fw-mi for_o mutilate_v two_o finger_n and_o demembr_v the_o hand_n of_o other_o two_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi may_v pass_v from_o the_o mutilation_n and_o insist_v within_o year_n and_o day_n for_o the_o demembration_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o foresay_a case_n 17._o decem._n 1622._o boyne_n against_o hately_n for_o demember_v he_o of_o two_o finger_n and_o mutilate_v he_o of_o other_o two_o the_o second_o dilatory_a defence_n be_v that_o the_o case_n be_v submit_v and_o the_o interloquitor_n in_o such_o a_o debate_n be_v to_o continue_v the_o diet_n till_o the_o day_n of_o the_o expiration_n of_o the_o submission_n which_o may_v be_v either_o condescend_v on_o and_o insert_v in_o the_o act_n of_o continuation_n or_o the_o justice_n may_v put_v the_o panel_n under_o caution_n to_o answer_v on_o fifteen_o day_n warn_v in_o case_n the_o submission_n take_v no_o effect_n 14._o june_n 1626._o ord_n against_o forbes_n 15._o june_n 1629._o paterson_n against_o wordie_n and_o 20._o july_n 1627._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la from_o these_o two_o dilatory_a two_o peremptory_a defence_n follow_v the_o first_o peremptory_a defence_n be_v that_o the_o mutilated_a member_n be_v perfect_o recoverad_a in_o so_o far_o as_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi makes_z use_n thereof_o as_o he_o do_v former_o and_o it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o condescend_v upon_o the_o deed_n of_o stength_n which_o be_v the_o evidence_n of_o recovery_n ex._n gra_fw-mi against_o a_o lybel_n of_o mutilate_v of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o finger_n it_o be_v find_v relevant_a that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi have_v ride_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n &_o hold_v the_o bridle_n with_o that_o hand_n and_o finger_n and_o that_o he_o cut_v up_o poultry_n and_o goose_n at_o the_o table_n as_o he_o have_v be_v in_o use_n to_o do_v 15._o dec._n 1630._o barclay_n against_o kennedy_n in_o mayboll_n where_o the_o defence_n be_v prove_v the_o assize_n cleanse_v the_o panel_n and_o the_o justice_n only_o fine_v he_o in_o a_o hundred_o mark_n of_o expense_n for_o the_o cure_n the_o like_a defence_n be_v sustain_v in_o the_o foresay_a pursuit_n of_o mutilation_n 3._o novem._n 1621._o williamson_n against_o marion_n paton_n residenter_n
the_o law_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o xii_o table_n in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o false_a witness_n 127_o second_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a author_n and_o particular_o aristotle_n and_o phavorinus_n understand_v the_o law_n si_fw-la membrum_fw-la rupsit_fw-la etc._n etc._n not_o strict_o but_o analogical_o 128_o phavorinus_n do_v not_o believe_v strict_a retaliation_n practicable_a but_o argue_v against_o it_o 129_o s._n caecilius_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o phavorinus_n acknowledge_v there_o can_v be_v a_o exact_a retaliation_n in_o break_v and_o bruise_v and_o therefore_o conclude_v for_o a_o estimat_fw-la 130_o a_o epicrisis_fw-la on_o the_o reason_n of_o phavorinus_n and_o s._n caecilius_n 131_o strict_a retaliation_n condemn_v by_o the_o reason_n of_o aristotle_n against_o the_o pythagorean_n 132_o the_o judgement_n of_o aristotle_n to_o be_v prefer_v to_o that_o of_o pythagoras_n and_o why_o 133_o aristotle_n and_o phavorinus_n censure_v by_o bodinus_fw-la and_o he_o by_o matthaeus_n and_o and_o yet_o bodinus_fw-la no_o friend_n to_o strict_a retaliation_n 134_o the_o case_n of_o equal_a circumstance_n consider_v by_o bodinus_fw-la 135_o the_o law_n of_o charondas_n of_o eye_n for_o eye_n record_v by_o diod._n siculus_n prove_v not_o the_o general_a practice_n of_o strict_a retaliation_n it_o be_v not_o make_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o strict_a retaliation_n but_o with_o respect_n to_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o eye_n beyond_o other_o member_n and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v since_o practise_v by_o christian_a emperor_n 136_o arg._n 3._o to_o prove_v that_o strict_a retaliation_n though_o found_v on_o natural_a equity_n admit_v of_o analogical_a retaliation_n take_v from_o the_o authority_n of_o divine_n and_o lawyer_n i_o begin_v with_o grotius_n eminent_a for_o his_o knowledge_n in_o the_o jewish_a and_o christian_a theology_n and_o in_o the_o political_a law_n of_o both_o 137_o the_o testimony_n of_o goodwin_n &_o ainsworth_n munster_n and_o some_o rabbi_n cite_v by_o they_o 138_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o jew_n have_v the_o more_o weight_n in_o that_o they_o be_v tenacious_a of_o their_o political_a law_n and_o custom_n as_o be_v prove_v by_o instance_n with_o the_o opinion_n of_o st._n augustine_n and_o isiod_n pelusiot_n 139_o a_o further_a testimony_n of_o goodwin_n for_o analogical_a retaliation_n follow_v a._n gellius_n with_o a_o observation_n thereon_o 140_o the_o testimony_n of_o paulus_n fagius_n for_o the_o same_o 141_o the_o testimony_n of_o many_o other_o divine_n condemn_v pythagorical_a retaliation_n 142_o the_o sadducee_n and_o wicked_a manichee_n patron_n of_o identical_a retaliation_n 143_o strict_a retaliation_n condemn_v by_o many_o famous_a lawyer_n 144_o reason_n why_o the_o conference_n between_o phavorinus_n and_o s._n caecilius_n record_v by_o a._n gellius_n be_v to_o be_v regard_v 145_o the_o law_n of_o retaliation_n never_o execute_v among_o jew_n grecian_n or_o roman_n in_o the_o strict_a sense_n except_o the_o crime_n be_v atrocious_a moderate_a damnage_n more_o agreeable_a to_o christian_a meekness_n 146_o first_o objection_n bear_v that_o if_o strict_a retaliation_n have_v not_o be_v among_o the_o jew_n there_o will_v have_v be_v no_o need_n of_o exhortation_n to_o meekness_n under_o the_o gospel_n answer_v 147_o a_o second_o objection_n take_v from_o these_o word_n of_o l._n 1._o ff_n ad_fw-la leg_n aquil._n lex_fw-la aquilia_n omnibus_fw-la legibus_fw-la quae_fw-la ante_fw-la se_fw-la de_fw-la damno_fw-la injuria_fw-la locutae_fw-la sunt_fw-la derogavit_fw-la sive_fw-la xii_o tab._n sive_fw-la alia_fw-la quae_fw-la fuit_fw-la enforce_v and_o answer_v by_o show_v that_o the_o word_n omnibus_fw-la derogavit_fw-la admit_v of_o exception_n 148_o the_o answer_v illustrate_v by_o a_o enquiry_n into_o the_o date_n of_o the_o lex_fw-la aquilia_n 149_o the_o use_n of_o the_o enquiry_n for_o know_v the_o author_n of_o the_o lex_fw-la aquilia_n 150_o amputation_n of_o the_o hand_n be_v the_o second_o punishment_n of_o mutilation_n and_o demembration_n to_o be_v speak_v to_o and_o why_o 151_o amputation_n of_o the_o hand_n prove_v by_o many_o instance_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n to_o be_v the_o punishment_n of_o many_o crime_n commit_v by_o the_o hand_n and_o how_o that_o punishment_n be_v to_o be_v regulate_v 152_o the_o punishment_n of_o amputation_n of_o the_o hand_n be_v always_o in_o saxony_n conjoin_v with_o relegation_n and_o why_o 153_o a_o argument_n take_v from_o the_o gloss_n and_o some_o text_n of_o the_o feudal_n law_n to_o prove_v that_o mutilation_n and_o demembration_n be_v punish_v poena_fw-la amputationis_fw-la manûs_fw-la because_o single_a wound_a be_v so_o punish_v 154_o the_o argument_n take_v from_o the_o word_n of_o the_o gloss_n put_v in_o form_n and_o enforce_v from_o a_o rule_n in_o suarez_n and_o answer_v by_o show_v that_o single_a wound_n be_v never_o punish_v in_o that_o manner_n unless_o join_v cum_fw-la fractione_n pacis_fw-la publicae_fw-la to_o which_o the_o law_n require_v several_a condition_n there_o set_v down_o which_o make_v the_o crime_n atrocious_a 155_o some_o act_n of_o parliament_n anent_o the_o amputation_n of_o the_o hand_n for_o carry_v forbid_a weapon_n explain_v 156_o a_o objection_n answer_v 157_o arbitrary_a punishment_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n succeed_v in_o place_n of_o retaliation_n and_o in_o place_n of_o the_o fix_a mulct_n of_o the_o xii_o tabb_n if_o these_o mulct_n be_v enact_v in_o maximâ_fw-la veterum_fw-la paupertate_fw-la as_o trebonian_n say_v and_o abrogate_a on_o that_o account_n for_o what_o cause_n be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n si_fw-mi membrum_fw-la rupsit_fw-la etc._n etc._n abrogate_a 158_o how_o long_o have_v analogical_a retaliation_n be_v in_o practice_n before_o justinian_n introduce_v arbitrary_a punishment_n in_o place_n of_o all_o retaliation_n 159_o mutilation_n and_o demembration_n punish_v arbitrariè_fw-la as_o other_o injury_n 160_o the_o nature_n of_o arbitrary_a punishment_n not_o understand_v by_o every_o one_o 161_o arbitrary_a punishment_n answer_v to_o arbitrary_a crime_n ordinary_a and_o arbitrary_a crime_n describe_v 162_o ancient_o all_o crime_n and_o punishment_n be_v determine_v by_o law_n but_o multitude_n of_o fact_n which_o can_v not_o be_v forseen_v give_v occasion_n for_o arbitrary_a power_n to_o determine_v in_o emergency_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o equity_n 163_o this_o ancient_a and_o modern_a custom_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o arbitrary_a punishment_n hold_v forth_o by_o ulpian_n why_o a_o judge_n call_v legis_fw-la auxilium_fw-la 164_o punishment_n in_o general_a as_o include_v ordinary_a and_o extraordinary_a or_o arbitrary_a describe_v 165_o arbitrium_fw-la plenum_fw-la or_o absolute_a and_o regulatum_fw-la or_o limit_v describe_v a_o judge_n exercise_v unlimited_a power_n call_v bellua_fw-la &_o non_fw-la judex_fw-la 166_o absolute_a and_o arbitrary_a power_n be_v different_a thing_n and_o have_v different_a effect_n 167_o a_o arbitrary_a judge_n be_v the_o same_o with_o a_o prudent_a and_o wise_a judge_n describe_v by_o cicero_n and_o be_v the_o same_o with_o ulpian_n vir_fw-la bone_fw-la describe_v by_o alex._n neapolit_fw-la 168_o a_o arbitrary_a judge_n have_v not_o power_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v unjust_a 169_o he_o can_v without_o a_o just_a cause_n augment_v or_o diminish_v punishment_n which_o the_o law_n have_v determine_v nor_o recede_v from_o any_o thing_n determine_v by_o law_n unless_o the_o law_n allow_v he_o to_o do_v it_o what_o case_n be_v say_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o law_n 170_o he_o can_v total_o remit_v a_o punishment_n to_o gratify_v the_o people_n especial_o after_o sentence_n and_o it_o be_v not_o always_o safe_a for_o they_o to_o remit_v who_o have_v power_n to_o do_v it_o prove_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o st._n bernard_n and_o cicero_n 171_o a_o arbitrary_a judge_n can_v punish_v beyond_o merit_n 172_o he_o can_v punish_v one_o man_n for_o the_o fault_n of_o another_o though_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o undergo_v it_o except_o in_o some_o particular_a case_n 173_o he_o shall_v not_o delay_v execution_n of_o sentence_n beyond_o the_o ordinary_a time_n 174_o if_o arbitrary_a punishment_n can_v reach_v ad_fw-la poenam_fw-la capitis_fw-la 175_o if_o ad_fw-la amputationem_fw-la manûs_fw-la 176_o a_o arbitrary_a judge_n may_v determine_v punishment_n for_o extraordinary_a crime_n and_o heighten_v or_o lessen_v punishment_n in_o ordinary_a crime_n if_o the_o circumstance_n of_o fact_n require_v it_o and_o why_o 177_o there_o be_v a_o like_a necessity_n for_o arbitrary_a power_n in_o some_o civil_a case_n 178_o and_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o the_o judge_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v more_o favourable_a than_o the_o law_n or_o that_o he_o contraveens_fw-mi it_o or_o depart_v from_o it_o but_o be_v rather_o legis_fw-la auxilium_fw-la and_o a_o preserver_n of_o the_o law_n because_o the_o law_n in_o some_o case_n give_v he_o that_o power_n 179_o only_a supreme_a judge_n have_v this_o power_n and_o inferior_a magistrate_n must_v consult_v the_o prince_n especial_o after_o sentence_n pronounce_v whether_o the_o judge_n
be_v oblige_v to_o express_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o recede_v from_o ordinary_a punishment_n how_o far_o the_o law_n presume_v for_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o ambiguo_fw-la 180_o the_o circumstance_n for_o hightning_n or_o lessen_v punishment_n be_v chief_o seven_o causa_fw-la persona_fw-la locus_fw-la tempus_fw-la qualitas_fw-la quantitas_fw-la eventus_fw-la 181_o 1._o divers_a consideration_n anent_o the_o cause_n viz._n 1._o if_o the_o delinquent_n act_v ex_fw-la proposito_fw-la or_o not_o 2._o if_o the_o crime_n be_v consummate_v or_o attempt_v only_o 3._o if_o the_o delinquent_n act_v of_o his_o own_o accord_n or_o by_o command_n of_o another_o what_o the_o judge_n ought_v to_o do_v in_o each_o case_n 182_o 2._o as_o to_o the_o person_n whether_o agent_n or_o patient_n it_o make_v a_o great_a alteration_n in_o punishment_n each_o shall_v be_v consider_v as_o to_o sex_n age_n state_n and_o quality_n or_o dignity_n 183_o 3._o place_v of_o commit_v augment_v or_o diminish_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o punishment_n prove_v by_o instance_n 184_o 4._o time_n vary_v the_o punishment_n which_o be_v also_o prove_v 185_o 5._o the_o quality_n of_o the_o fact_n make_v the_o crime_n more_o or_o less_o atrocious_a and_o vary_v the_o punishment_n 186_o 6._o quantity_n distinguish_v furtum_fw-la ab_fw-la abigeo_fw-la 187_o 7._o event_n increase_v punishment_n and_o damnage_n as_o when_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o skilful_a artificer_n be_v strike_v off_o 188_o damnage_n be_v due_a by_o the_o rule_n of_o natural_a equity_n prove_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o farin_n and_o marsil_n 189_o how_o far_o delinquent_n be_v liable_a for_o damnage_n intrinsic_a or_o extrinsic_a and_o both_o these_o damnage_n describe_v 190_o obligation_n to_o pay_v damnage_n found_v on_o exod._n 28.19_o 191_o damnage_n to_o be_v modify_v at_o the_o arbitrament_n of_o the_o judge_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v he_o shall_v inform_v himself_o other_o five_o circumstance_n for_o mitigate_a punishment_n 192_o of_o the_o practice_n of_o scotland_n anent_o punish_v mutilation_n and_o demembration_n and_o decern_v of_o damnage_n the_o word_n of_o cap._n 11._o stat._n rob._n 2._o which_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o set_v down_o 193_o if_o there_o be_v any_o warrant_n from_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n to_o punish_v mutilation_n and_o demembration_n capital_o debate_v pro_fw-la &_o contra_fw-la and_o resolve_v negative_a i_o have_v now_o do_v with_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o appendix_n and_o therein_o i_o have_v show_v what_o it_o be_v to_o mutilat_n and_o detruncat_fw-la a_o proper_a member_n of_o a_o man_n body_n and_o how_o to_o pursue_v and_o defend_v action_n thereanent_a i_o come_v next_o in_o this_o second_o part_n to_o speak_v of_o punishment_n and_o damnage_n which_o be_v not_o always_o the_o same_o but_o vary_v in_o these_o as_o in_o other_o crime_n according_a to_o circumstance_n tot_o do_fw-mi ff_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la farin_n 11.87_o &_o seqq_n dè_fw-la poenis_fw-la temperand_n the_o dd._n insist_v chief_o on_o retaliation_n amputation_n of_o a_o hand_n and_o arbitrary_a punishment_n and_o there_o be_v a_o four_o mention_v in_o a_o ancient_a statute_n of_o our_o law_n viz._n cap._n 11._o stat_fw-la rob._n 2._o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o for_o wilful_a and_o premeditate_a mutilation_n which_o be_v there_o understand_v for_o demembration_n the_o delinquent_n life_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o king_n will_v and_o redeemable_a retaliation_n which_o be_v the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v a_o punishment_n of_o equal_a retribution_n or_o the_o do_n to_o one_o as_o he_o have_v do_v to_o his_o neighbour_n institute_v by_o god_n commit_v to_o the_o jewish_a magistrate_n for_o execution_n and_o thereafter_o receive_v by_o the_o gentile_a nation_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o its_o natural_a equity_n and_o execute_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o geometrical_a proportion_n all_o which_o i_o shall_v make_v appear_v in_o several_a conclusion_n cardinal_n hugo_n on_o exod._n 21.23_o thus_o express_v it_o talitur_fw-la laedendus_fw-la est_fw-la justè_fw-la qualiter_fw-la ipse_fw-la injust_a fecerit_fw-la alii_fw-la poena_n talionis_fw-la be_v not_o express_o mention_v among_o the_o law_n of_o justinian_n except_o in_o §_o poena_fw-la 7._o inst_z de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr but_o we_o find_v it_o in_o novel_a leon._n 60._o &_o 92._o the_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v but_o once_o in_o justinian_o law_n be_v that_o when_o trebonian_n compose_v the_o law_n retaliation_n of_o one_o member_n for_o another_o be_v wear_v out_o and_o in_o place_n thereof_o actio_fw-la injuriarum_fw-la have_v succeed_v as_o in_o dict_z §_o poena_n it_o be_v often_o in_o the_o canon_n law_n as_o in_o c._n poen_n 14._o q._n 1_o and_o in_o c._n sex_n differentia_fw-la 23._o q._n 3._o and_o in_o c._n calumniator_n 2._o q_o 3._o but_o it_o be_v frequent_a among_o the_o dd._n as_o jul._n clarus_n farinacius_n cujac_n bart_n bald_n and_o other_o and_o among_o the_o rhetorician_n as_o quintil._n declam_fw-la 297._o &_o 352._o senec_n controver_n 2._o lib._n 3._o &_o controv_n 33._o lib._n 5._o and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o symmach_n epist_n 59_o lib._n 1._o &_o epist_n 27._o lib._n 3._o and_o sidon_n epist._n 3._o lib._n 5._o and_o the_o essence_n of_o it_o consist_v in_o the_o cut_n off_o one_o member_n for_o another_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o punishment_n of_o he_o who_o make_v a_o eunuch_n novel_a justin._n 142._o cap._n 1._o it_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o latin_a word_n talis_fw-la voss_n in_o etymol_n which_o denote_v a_o equality_n betwixt_o the_o crime_n and_o the_o punishment_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v likeways_o call_v paena_fw-la similis_fw-la supplicii_fw-la in_o l._n ult_n c._n de_fw-fr accusat_fw-la &_o l._n ult_n ff_n de_fw-fr calumniat_fw-la poena_n reciproci_fw-la in_o l._n 3._o lib._n 9_o c._n theodos_fw-la de_fw-fr exhib_n well_fw-mi transmit_v eris_fw-la and_o paena_fw-la paris_n vindictae_fw-la quasi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o suffering_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n it_o be_v several_a time_n call_v by_o aristotle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d lib._n 5._o ethic._n cap._n 5._o ay_o e_o contrapassum_fw-la all_o these_o be_v name_n denote_v equality_n the_o subject_n be_v juridico-theological_a and_o therefore_o in_o handle_v of_o it_o the_o dd._n of_o theologie_n cite_v law_n and_o lawyer_n and_o the_o dd._n of_o law_n cite_v the_o sacred_a scripture_n and_o divine_n which_o must_v be_v my_o method_n at_o present_a for_o as_o in_o the_o first_o part_n i_o make_v use_n of_o physician_n to_o assist_v the_o lawyer_n so_o in_o this_o second_o part_n i_o must_v call_v divine_n to_o my_o assistance_n and_o because_o the_o subject_n be_v full_a of_o difficulty_n especial_o as_o to_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o retaliation_n under_o christianity_n i_o shall_v labour_v to_o clear_v the_o difficulty_n in_o a_o few_o conclusion_n whereby_o the_o divine_a authority_n and_o natural_a equity_n thereof_o shall_v be_v prove_v in_o the_o first_o place_n and_o yet_o it_o shall_v be_v show_v in_o the_o second_o that_o it_o be_v not_o intend_v to_o be_v always_o execute_v in_o the_o strict_a and_o literal_a sense_n but_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o geometrical_a proportion_n and_o distributive_a justice_n 1._o all_o except_o deist_n who_o deny_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o book_n of_o moses_n and_o reproach_n this_o law_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o nichol_n dialogue_n with_o the_o deist_n acknowledge_v that_o the_o law_n of_o retaliation_n be_v one_o of_o the_o law_n which_o moses_n receive_v from_o god_n and_o deliver_v to_o his_o people_n the_o jew_n for_o first_o god_n give_v this_o law_n to_o secure_v the_o life_n of_o man_n gen._n 9_o 6._o in_o these_o word_n he_o that_o shede_v man_n blood_n by_o man_n shall_v his_o blood_n be_v shed_v and_o have_v declare_v it_o to_o take_v place_n in_o all_o case_n of_o wilful_a homicide_n exod._n 21.22.23.14.18.19.20.21.22.23_o with_o certification_n in_o the_o last_o of_o these_o word_n that_o life_n shall_v go_v for_o life_n he_o think_v fit_a by_o a_o further_a step_n of_o his_o wise_a providence_n to_o forbid_v demembration_n under_o the_o like_a pain_n vers_fw-la 23._o eye_n for_o eye_n tooth_n for_o tooth_n hand_n for_o hand_n foot_n for_o foot_n as_o also_o mutilation_n and_o lesser_a hurt_v v._o 25._o burn_v for_o burn_v wound_v for_o wound_n stripe_n for_o stripe_n these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o the_o pain_n of_o retaliation_n which_o be_v renew_v levit._n 24.19.20_o if_o a_o man_n cause_v a_o blemish_n in_o his_o neighbour_n as_o he_o have_v do_v so_o shall_v it_o be_v do_v to_o he_o breach_n for_o breach_n eye_n for_o eye_n tooth_n for_o tooth_n as_o he_o have_v cause_v a_o blemish_n in_o a_o man_n so_o shall_v it_o be_v do_v unto_o he_o again_o further_o lest_o this_o shall_v be_v think_v to_o reach_v the_o percussor_n only_o
delicto_fw-la de_fw-la qua_fw-la in_o l._n sancimus_fw-la 22._o c._n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la and_o farin_n from_o all_o this_o lay_v it_o down_o for_o a_o general_a rule_n n._n 10._o d._n qu._n that_o the_o law_n have_v give_v the_o judge_n a_o power_n to_o augment_v diminish_v or_o change_v punishment_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n or_o circumstance_n of_o the_o delinquency_n all_o this_o be_v full_o prove_v and_o the_o contrary_a argument_n solve_v by_o carpz_n d._n pract_n crim_n p._n 3._o qu._n 142._o n._n 22._o who_o be_v so_o far_o from_o deny_v this_o power_n to_o judge_n that_o he_o think_v all_o punishment_n of_o whatsoever_o crime_n to_o be_v now_o in_o the_o arbitrament_n of_o the_o judge_n according_a to_o circumstance_n and_o prove_v it_o n._n seqq_n and_o this_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o word_n of_o aristotle_n lib._n 5._o ethic_n c._n 5._o judex_n debet_fw-la esse_fw-la clementior_fw-la lege_fw-la scripta_fw-la quando_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la legis_fw-la &_o justitiae_fw-la ratio_fw-la ita_fw-la fert_fw-la &_o patitur_fw-la and_o hold_v even_o albeit_o the_o judge_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o swear_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n l._n rem_fw-la non_fw-la novam_fw-la 14._o c._n de_fw-fr judiciis_fw-la have_v actual_o swear_v to_o observe_v they_o rom._n in_o rubr_n ff_n de_fw-fr arbitr_n col_fw-fr 5._o ver_fw-la item_n quia_fw-la quamvis_fw-la juraverit_fw-la &_o consil_n 429._o cite_v by_o farin_n d._n q._n n._n 17._o and_o the_o reason_n be_v that_o the_o law_n itself_o give_v this_o arbitrary_a power_n to_o a_o judge_n to_o exercise_v it_o as_o the_o circumstance_n require_v and_o in_o every_o oath_n the_o authority_n of_o law_n and_o equity_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v except_v arg._n l._n fin_n ff_n qui_fw-la satisd_v cog_v and_o a_o oath_n take_v not_o away_o common_a law_n and_o equity_n l._n si_fw-la ex_fw-la falsis_fw-la 42._o c._n de_fw-fr transact_v &_o l._n fin_n c._n de_fw-fr non_fw-fr num_fw-la pec_fw-la and_o a_o judge_n never_o incur_v perjury_n for_o recede_v from_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n upon_o just_a ground_n because_o he_o have_v power_n to_o recede_v in_o that_o case_n arg._n l._n si_fw-la hominem_fw-la 30._o ff_n mandati_fw-la farin_n d._n qu._n 17._o n._n 17._o but_o as_o the_o law_n have_v give_v this_o power_n to_o a_o judge_n to_o augment_v and_o diminish_v punishment_n in_o ordinary_a and_o to_o determine_v punishment_n in_o extraordinary_a crime_n yet_o 1._o it_o be_v not_o every_o judge_n or_o magistrate_n that_o have_v this_o power_n but_o those_o of_o the_o high_a degree_n and_o inferior_a magistrate_n must_v consult_v the_o prince_n special_o after_o a_o sentence_n be_v pronounce_v dd._n in_o d._n §_o poena_fw-la gravior_n vivius_n in_o lib._n commun_n opin_v in_o verb._n judex_n ubicunq_fw-fr covarruv_n variar_n resolut_a lib._n 2._o cap._n 9_o n._n 8._o tyraquel_fw-fr tract_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la in_fw-la praefat_fw-la n._n 22._o jul._n clarus_n in_o pract_n cr_n â—_o §_o fin_fw-fr quaest_a 58._o versic_n ulterius_fw-la quaero_fw-la n._n 10._o 2_o the_o judge_n or_o magistrate_n must_v in_o his_o sentence_n express_v the_o cause_n why_o he_o recede_v from_o the_o ordinary_a punishment_n of_o law_n but_o some_o think_v its_o sufficient_a that_o the_o sentence_n bear_v in_o general_n that_o he_o do_v it_o for_o cause_n move_v he_o thereto_o clarus_n loc_fw-la cit_fw-la vasquez_n ontrav_fw-mi illust_n c._n 14._o n._n 5._o and_o this_o be_v according_a to_o the_o present_a practice_n of_o the_o imperial_a chamber_n gail_n de_fw-fr pac_fw-la pub_fw-la c._n 9_o n._n 2d_o 3._o then_o he_o can_v proceed_v in_o contempt_n of_o the_o law_n but_o in_o all_o his_o proceed_n must_v have_v regaird_v thereto_o gail_n &_o vasq_n locis_fw-la cit_fw-la mince_v cent_n 2._o observe_v 50._o &_o 54._o and_o to_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o case_n but_o if_o in_o dubio_fw-la he_o mistake_v the_o case_n and_o alter_v the_o punishment_n without_o just_a cause_n the_o law_n presume_v for_o he_o that_o he_o act_v ex_fw-la justa_fw-la causa_fw-la this_o be_v also_o according_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o imperial_a chamber_n gail_n d._n obs_n n._n 26._o where_o he_o cite_v felin_n rom._n &_o bart._n assert_v it_o to_o be_v the_o practice_n else_o where_o the_o dd._n condescend_v on_o many_o circumstance_n for_o impose_v or_o alter_v of_o punishment_n but_o let_v we_o first_o consider_v those_o seven_o causa_fw-la persona_fw-la locus_fw-la tempus_fw-la qualitas_fw-la quantitas_fw-la eventus_fw-la mention_v by_o claudius_n saturninus_n in_o d._n l._n aut_fw-la facta_fw-la 16._o ff_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la 1._o as_o to_o the_o cause_n the_o d_o d._n have_v write_v large_o on_o it_o but_o to_o be_v brief_a the_o judge_n be_v to_o consider_v with_o marcianus_n in_o l._n perspiciendum_fw-la 11._o §_o delinquitur_fw-la 2_o ff_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi if_o the_o delinquent_n act_v ex_fw-la proposito_fw-la vel_fw-la impetu_fw-la vel_fw-la casu_fw-la he_o give_v this_o example_n of_o the_o first_o when_o one_o come_v with_o a_o company_n to_o perpetrat_v the_o fact_n of_o the_o second_o when_o he_o fall_v a_o fight_n in_o drunkenness_n of_o the_o three_o when_o at_o hunt_v he_o kill_v a_o man_n by_o a_o dart_n throw_v at_o a_o wild_a beast_n to_o these_o add_v a_o four_o to_o wit_n culpâ_fw-la or_o negligence_n i_o only_o name_v they_o for_o all_o of_o they_o be_v describe_v by_o our_o author_n tit_n murder_n and_o certain_o they_o make_v a_o great_a alteration_n as_o to_o punishment_n even_o in_o the_o case_n of_o kill_v mutilation_n and_o demembration_n farin_n the_o homicide_n cue_n 119_o n_n 7.2_o the_o judge_n shall_v consider_v if_o the_o crime_n be_v consummate_v or_o attempt_v only_o the_o last_o be_v not_o to_o be_v so_o severe_o punish_v as_o the_o first_o as_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o case_n of_o a_o arbitrary_a crime_n state_v l_o 1_o in_o pâ—in_n §_o ult_n de_fw-fr extraord_n crim._n l_o qui_fw-la autem_fw-la 3_o ff_n de_fw-mi his_o qui_fw-la not_o infam_fw-la l_o volgaris_fw-la 21_o §_o qui_fw-la furti_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr furtis_fw-la except_o in_o treason_n l_o quisquis_fw-la 5_o c_o add_v leg_n jul_n majest_n parricide_n l_o 1_o in_o fin_n add_v leg_n pomp_n the_o paricid_n et_fw-fr arg_n l_o 6._o eod_n attempt_v to_o kill_v a_o infant_n l_o si_fw-la quis_fw-la 8_o c_o add_v leg_n corn_n the_o sicar_n for_o in_o this_o there_o be_v more_o cruelty_n than_o in_o attempt_v to_o kill_v a_o man_n farin_n the_o homicide_n cue_n 119_o n_n 22._o and_o a_o wife_n attempt_v or_o declare_v her_o intention_n to_o kill_v her_o husband_n et_fw-la è_fw-la contra_fw-la l_o si_fw-la forte_fw-fr mulier_fw-la 9_o c_o add_v leg_n cornel_n the_o sicar_n and_o this_o may_v be_v the_o reason_n that_o they_o live_v in_o a_o conjunct_a society_n and_o under_o mutual_a trust_n there_o be_v some_o other_o atrocious_a crime_n whereinis_fw-la conatus_fw-la be_v to_o be_v punish_v as_o if_o the_o crime_n be_v consummate_v with_fw-mi farin_n the_o homicide_n cue_n 124._o n_o 1_n &_o seqq_n but_o in_o case_n not_o so_o atrocious_a conatus_fw-la be_v never_o equal_v to_o consummation_n 3._o the_o judge_n shall_v consider_v if_o the_o delinquent_n act_v of_o his_o own_o accord_n or_o by_o command_n of_o another_o in_o the_o first_o case_n he_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v and_o all_o the_o law_n above_o cite_v prove_v it_o in_o the_o second_o case_n if_o the_o crime_n be_v commit_v by_o a_o servant_n at_o the_o command_n of_o his_o lord_n or_o by_o a_o pupil_n at_o the_o command_n of_o his_o tutor_n or_o curator_n and_o be_v not_o atrocious_a the_o punishment_n may_v be_v remit_v l._n ad_fw-la ca._n 157._o in_o prin_fw-mi ff_fw-mi the_o diver_n reg_n jur_n the_o like_a when_o one_o act_n by_o command_n of_o a_o judge_n l_o non_fw-la videntur_fw-la 167._o eod_n the_o like_a in_o a_o soldier_n obey_v his_o officer_n who_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o obey_v as_o in_o the_o case_n 2._o dec._n 1641_o part_n 1_o n_n 86_o supra_fw-la jaredin_n against_o edmonston_n in_o which_o mutilation_n commit_v on_o a_o deserter_n by_o one_o who_o be_v oblige_v to_o apprehend_v he_o be_v excule_v the_o like_a general_o hold_v in_o all_o case_n where_o one_o be_v oblige_v to_o obey_v l_o be_v damnum_fw-la 169_o ff_n de_fw-fr reg_n jur_n and_o though_o the_o crime_n be_v atrocious_a the_o command_n of_o a_o superior_a where_o there_o be_v no_o obligation_n to_o obey_v mitigat_n the_o punishment_n l_o servus_n 20_o ff_n de_fw-mi oblige_v et_fw-fr act_n l_o servus_n 8_o cap_n ad_fw-la leg_n jul_n the_o vi_o publ_n l_o si_fw-la servus_n 2_o c_o the_o sepulch_n viol_n l_o qui_fw-la cum_fw-la uno_fw-la 4._o §_o qui_fw-la silium_fw-la 11._o ff_n de_fw-mi re_fw-mi milit_fw-la but_o do_v not_o liberat_fw-la and_o this_o agree_v with_o carpe_n pract_n crim_n p_o 1_o cue_n 4_o n_n 7_o 8._o where_o he_o cite_v not_o only_a text_n of_o law_n but_o a_o decision_n of_o the_o
supreme_a court_n of_o saxony_n and_o with_o our_o practic_n for_o march_v 1671._o it_o be_v find_v after_o a_o most_o contentious_a debate_n that_o two_o boy_n the_o young_a whereof_o be_v not_o twelve_o year_n of_o age_n shall_v pass_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o inquest_n for_o assist_v in_o the_o company_n of_o 15_o arm_a man_n send_v by_o their_o father_n to_o demolish_v a_o house_n in_o the_o time_n of_o a_o storm_n whereof_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v in_o possession_n these_o thing_n i_o have_v the_o more_o insist_v on_o because_o they_o frequent_o occur_v as_o excuse_n and_o extenuation_n in_o process_n of_o mutilation_n and_o demembration_n 2._o the_o person_n whether_o consider_v as_o agent_n or_o patient_n make_v a_o great_a alteration_n in_o punishment_n d_o l_o aut_fw-la facta_fw-la 16_o §_o persona_fw-la 3_o ff_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi each_o may_v be_v consider_v under_o four_o head_n sex_n age_n state_n quality_n 1._o as_o to_o the_o sex_n the_o law_n deal_v more_o mild_o with_o woman_n than_o with_o man_n on_o the_o account_n of_o their_o infirmity_n both_o of_o body_n and_o mind_n l_o si_fw-la adulterium_fw-la 38_o §_o 7._o &_o 8_o ff_n ad_fw-la leg_n jul_n the_o adult_n l_o quisquis_fw-la 5._o §_o ad_fw-la filias_fw-la 3_o c_o add_v leg_n jul_n majest_n l_o sacrilegii_fw-la 6._o ff_n ad_fw-la leg_n jul_n peculat_v and_o when_o they_o be_v the_o person_n injure_v the_o law_n punish_v the_o delinquent_n with_o the_o great_a severity_n because_o they_o be_v the_o less_o able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o therefore_o albeit_o deformity_n in_o a_o man_n occasion_v by_o wound_v or_o mutilation_n do_v not_o augment_v the_o punishment_n farin_n de_fw-fr homicide_n insp_n 4_o q_o 119_o n_n 118._o yet_o the_o contrary_n be_v true_a when_o a_o virgin_n be_v thereby_o deform_v because_o in_o that_o case_n she_o need_v great_a tocher_n or_o portion_n farin_n loc_fw-la cit_fw-la de_fw-fr delict_n cap_n 6_o rubric_n de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr n_n 12._o vers_fw-la addi_fw-la tamen_fw-la farin_n d_o quaest_n n_o 119._o 2._o as_o to_o the_o age_n albeit_o minority_n do_v not_o procure_v impunity_n if_o the_o delinquent_n be_v such_o as_o for_o age_n may_v be_v doli_fw-la capax_fw-la l._n impunitas_fw-la 7_o c_o de_fw-mi poenis_fw-la mackenzie_n p._n 1_o tit_n 1_o n_n 5._o yet_o minority_n extenuat_v mackenzie_n loc_fw-la cit_fw-la because_o of_o the_o imbecility_n of_o judgement_n l_o si_fw-la ex_fw-la causa_fw-la 9_o §_o nunc_fw-la videndum_fw-la 2_o l_o auxilium_fw-la 37_o §_o 1_o ff_o the_o minorib_n with_fw-mi carpz_n pract_n crim_n p._n 3._o q_o 143._o upon_o the_o question_n how_o far_o minority_n excuse_n or_o mitigat_n the_o crime_n and_o general_o in_o omnibus_fw-la poenalibus_fw-la judiciis_fw-la &_o aetati_fw-la &_o imprudentiae_fw-la succurritur_fw-la l_o 108_o ff_n de_fw-fr rec_n jur_n tyraquel_fw-fr de_fw-fr poen_fw-mi temper_n case_n 7_o menoch_n the_o arbitr_n case_n 329._o and_o therefore_o if_o a_o minor_a shall_v mntilat_fw-la or_o wound_v his_o neighbour_n his_o nonage_n will_v mitigat_n but_o not_o excuse_v the_o mutilation_n see_v it_o do_v not_o excuse_v he_o in_o homicide_n but_o if_o one_o mutilat_n wound_n or_o demember_v a_o minor_a the_o punishment_n may_v be_v augment_v according_a as_o he_o be_v capable_a or_o less_o capable_a to_o defend_v himself_o in_o like_a manner_n regard_n be_v to_o be_v have_v to_o old_a and_o decrepit_a person_n when_o they_o commit_v the_o injury_n l_o 3_o ff_n de_fw-mi termin_v mot_n or_o receive_v it_o l._n si_fw-la quis_fw-la in_o gravi_fw-la 3_o §_o ignoscatur_fw-la 7_o ff_n de_fw-fr s._n c._n silâ—n_n tyraquel_fw-fr d._n tract_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi case_n 8_o menoch_n case_z cit_fw-la the_o reason_n be_v they_o become_v weak_a in_o judgement_n like_o child_n carpz_n pract_n crim_a p._n 3._o quaest_n 144.3_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o person_n make_v a_o alteration_n in_o punishment_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v corporal_a and_o ignominious_a slave_n be_v more_o severe_o punish_v than_o free_a man_n for_o the_o same_o crime_n l_o 1_o 10_o &_o l_o 16_o §_o persona_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la l._n capitalium_fw-la 28_o §_o non_fw-la omnes_fw-la 2._o eod_n and_o infamous_a more_o than_o famous_a d_o l_o 28_o §_o ult_n 4._o as_o to_o the_o quality_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o if_o any_o man_n demember_v mutilat_fw-la or_o any_o way_n invade_v a_o magistrate_n parent_n or_o person_n of_o honour_n he_o commit_v a_o great_a injury_n and_o be_v more_o severe_o to_o be_v punish_v than_o if_o he_o have_v invade_v his_o equal_a or_o a_o abject_a person_n d._n l_o 16_o §_o 3_o ff_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi l._n ult_n ff_o eod_n d_o §_o §_o 7_o &_o 9_o inst_z de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr but_o if_o a_o magistrate_n or_o person_n of_o honour_n shall_v commit_v these_o or_o the_o like_a crime_n against_o a_o person_n of_o low_a degree_n he_o shall_v not_o incur_v the_o same_o corporal_a punishment_n this_o we_o see_v in_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o decuriones_fw-la who_o can_v not_o be_v condemn_v to_o the_o mine_n nor_o to_o be_v hang_v or_o burn_v alive_a l._n moris_fw-la 9_o §_o istae_fw-la fâ—re_fw-la sunt_fw-la poenae_fw-la 11._o ff_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi and_o the_o emperor_n hadrian_n will_v not_o allow_v they_o to_o be_v punish_v capital_o unless_o for_o parricide_n l_o divus_o 15_o ff_o eod_a and_o their_o child_n have_v the_o same_o privilege_n d_o §_o 11._o neither_o can_v any_o person_n of_o repute_n be_v punish_v with_o fustigation_n d._n l._n 28._o §_o 2._o nor_o be_v send_v to_o the_o mine_n §_o 5._o neither_o be_v noble_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o hang_v tyraquel_n de_fw-fr nobilib_a cap._n 20._o n_o 104._o &_o 106._o covarr_n resol_n lib._n 20._o cap_n 9_o de_fw-la poenis_fw-la crim_fw-la eorumque_fw-la modo_fw-la n._n 34._o &_o seqq_fw-la nor_o to_o undergo_v ignominious_a punishment_n fulgos_n consil_n 167._o but_o to_o compense_v this_o the_o pecuniary_a punishment_n of_o a_o nobleman_n go_v much_o high_o because_o of_o his_o riches_n covarr_n dict_z loc_fw-la 3._o the_o place_n where_o the_o crime_n be_v commit_v make_v the_o same_o act_n to_o be_v theft_n or_o sacrilege_n and_o to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n or_o a_o less_o punishment_n d._n l._n 26._o §_o 4._o ff_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi he_o that_o mutilat_n or_o wound_v another_o in_o the_o church_n theatre_n mercat-place_n or_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o magistrate_n be_v more_o criminal_a than_o if_o he_o have_v do_v it_o in_o a_o private_a place_n d._n §_o 9_o inst_z de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr and_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n its_o treason_n to_o strike_v hurt_v or_o slay_v any_o person_n in_o the_o parliament-house_n during_o the_o hold_n of_o the_o parliament_n or_o within_o the_o king_n inner-chamber_n or_o chamber_n of_o presence_n the_o king_n for_o the_o time_n be_v within_o his_o palace_n or_o where_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n sit_v for_o administration_n of_o justice_n at_o the_o time_n they_o be_v sit_v or_o within_o the_o king_n privy_a council_n house_n the_o time_n of_o the_o council_n sit_v there_o or_o in_o presence_n of_o his_o majesty_n where_o ever_o his_o highness_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v for_o the_o time_n act_n 175._o parl._n 13._o ja._n 6._o which_o act_n also_o in_o other_o particular_n make_v the_o circumstance_n of_o place_n to_o augment_v or_o diminish_v punishment_n see_v also_o what_o we_o say_v concern_v amputation_n of_o the_o hand_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o circumstance_n of_o place_n n._n 154._o supra_fw-la 4._o time_n make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o diurnal_a and_o a_o nocturnal_a thief_n d._n l._n 16._o §_o 4._o ff_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi the_o first_o be_v punishable_a paenâ_fw-la ordinariâ_fw-la the_o last_o paenâ_fw-la extraordinariâ_fw-la l._n 1._o &_o 2._o ff_n de_fw-fr furib_n balnear_o and_o betwixt_o breaker_n of_o prison_n in_o the_o night_n and_o in_o the_o daytime_n l._n 2._o ff_n de_fw-fr effractor_n in_o like_a manner_n a_o delinquent_n who_o reiterat_o a_o crime_n be_v more_o severe_o punish_v than_o if_o he_o have_v be_v but_o once_o guilty_a l._n 3._o c._n de_fw-fr episc_n audient_fw-la l._n capitalium_fw-la 28._o §_o solent_fw-la quidam_fw-la 3.8_o grassatores_fw-la 10._o &_o §_o famosis_n 15._o ff_n de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la in_o this_o last_o paragraph_n famous_a or_o common_a robber_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v hang_v in_o the_o place_n where_o they_o most_o frequent_o transgress_v that_o other_o by_o behold_v their_o punishment_n may_v be_v deter_v from_o commit_v the_o like_a crime_n and_o the_o friend_n and_o near_a relation_n of_o these_o who_o they_o have_v murder_v or_o rob_v may_v be_v thereby_o comfort_v in_o the_o abovecited_a case_n 15._o july_n 1642._o chine_n against_o mowat_n and_o neving_n their_o fynes_n or_o pecuniary_a mulct_n be_v make_v great_a than_o ordinary_a because_o the_o panel_n have_v be_v guilty_a of_o the_o like_a crime_n before_o as_o the_o decision_n bear_v