Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	call_v	name_n	time_n	1,717	5	3.4300	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A14030	A perfect and easie treatise of the vse of the cœlestiall globe written aswell for an introduction of such as bee yet vnskilfull in the studie of astronomie: as the practise of our countriemen, which bee exercised in the art of nauigaiton. Compiled by Charles Turnbull: and set out with as much plainnes as the author could: to the end it might of euery man be vnderstood.	Turnbull, Charles.	1585 (1585)	STC 24337; ESTC S118700	20,979	66

same time as the Sunne The last is the Moone making one perfect reuolution from West toward East in 27. daies 7. howers 43′ 7″ yet all these are caried by violence of the first moueable from East to West as is before saide OF THE CIRcles of the Sphaere of Heauen and of their names and how they be made AStronomers to the end they might shewe the motions of Heauen and the straūge and wonderful conclusions of the Coelestiall bodies haue imagined certaine Circles in the bodie of the first Sphaere or first mooueable and principally ten whereof some be greater Circles of the Sphaere so called because the Center of these Circles is also the Center of Heauen euery such Circle diuideth the whole Sphaere into two aequall parts Of this sort be sixe the Aequinoctiall Zodiack Horizon Meridian and two Colures Some bee lesser Circles of the Sphaere so called because they haue not the Center of the world for their Center neither diuide the whole Sphaere aequally Of this kinde be fower the Tropicke of Cancer the Tropicke of Capricorne the Articke and Antarticke The Aequinoctiall called the aequator or girdle of Heauen is a great Circle of the Sphaere diuiding the Sphaere into two aequal parts and is aequally distant from ech Pole of the worlde And tooke his name of the aequator either because it is aequally in the middle of Heauen as Euclide saith in his Opticks or for that the Sunne comming to this Circle maketh the day and night aequall it is diuided in 360. aequall parts which parts are called degrees His Axe is the Axe of the world and Poles the Poles of the world The Zodiack is a great Circle of the Sphaere which crosseth the Aequinoctiall in two points the one being the head of Aries the other of Libra and swarneth from him in all other points leaning toward ech Pole of the world in the point of his greatest swarning 23. degrees 30. minutes This Zodiack is of breadth 12. degrees and of length that is to say in compas 360. degrees and according to his length is diuided into 12. aequal parts which are called the 12. signes Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio Sagittarius Capricornus Aquarius and Pisces And ech signe contayneth of length 30. degrees in the midle bredth of the Zodiack we imagine a Circle to passe which we call the Ecliptick Circle or line For that that when the Sunne and Moone bee both vnder this line in a Diameter then the Moone is Eclipsed Vnder this Circle the Sunne mooueth dayly without declining any waies the quantity of one degree very neere in ech day the rest of the Planets are found some times on one side the Ecliptick some time on the other This Zodiack taketh his name of a greeke word signifying a liuing creature or as the Latens will is called Signifer for that that it beareth the 12. Signes the Axe of the Zodiack and the Ecliptick is all one being a line diuers from the axe of the world and the Poles bee two points alwayes so much distant from the Poles of the world as the greatest declination of the Ecliptick commeth vnto A Colure doth generally signifie any Circle passing by the Poles of the worlde and hath his name of his vnperfect shewing himselfe in the motion of heauen But now by the name of Colures we vnderstād two great Circles the one going frō the Poles of the worlde by the points where the Aequinoctiall and Zodiack cut them selues which be called the Aequinoctiall points and is called the Aequinoctiall Colure The other passeth from the Poles of the worlde by those points of the Ecliptick which swarue most of all others from the Aequinoctiall line which points are called the Solsticiall points and this is called the Solsticial Colure And here be you to know that these foure greater Circles which we haue defined be still the same through the whole worlde and are sayd to be moueable Circles for so much as in the motion of heauen they be also mooued of which some are moueable perfectly as the Aequinoctiall and Zodiack for they in the going about of heauen doe ascend by little and little till the whole Circle haue gone oure the Horison some vnperfectly moueable as the two Colures which neuer shewe the whole Circle in any crooked Sphaere the other two greater Circles which followe be called fixed for that they neuer mooue by the motion of heauen But they be changeable in euery Region The Horizon is a greater Circle diuiding the halfe of the Heauen which we see from the halfe which we see not and is called in Latine Finitor because it endeth our sight The Horizon maketh fower principal points East West North and South His Axe is a line imagined to fall from the point of heauen which is directly ouer our head where we be downe to the groūd like a plumme line and his Poles be the endes of that line called the Verticall point and point opposite to the Verticall The Meridian is also a great Circle passing from the Poles of the world by our Verticall point cutting the Horizon in the North and South points his Axe is a line going from the East point of the Horizon to the West and his Poles be the same points and these two Circles doe alwayes chaunge are diuers in euery Region for so much as the Verticall point of euery Region is diuers by the which the Meridian of necessitie must passe and is the Pole also of the Horizon OF THE LESSER Circles of the Sphaere and their names and of their making THe lesse Circles of the Sphaere in number be fower The Tropicke of Cancer the Tropicke of Capricorne and the two Artickes The Tropicke of Cancer is a lesse Circle of the Sphaere which is aequally distant from the Aequinoctial lying betwixt the Aequinoctiall and the North Pole and touching the Ecliptick in the beginning of Cancer This Circle is described by the bodie of the Sunne in the longest day of Summer at which time the Sunne is entred the solstitiall point or beginning of Cācer is called the Tropick of a Greeke word which signifieth a returning because the Sunne being brought to this point falleth in his noone height and returneth againe The Tropicke of Capricorne is a like Circle betwixt the Aequator the South pole and is described by the Sunne in the shortest day of Winter at which time the Sunne is in the beginning of Capricorne whereof it is called the Tropick of Capricorne The Articke Circle is a lesse Circle of the Sphaere described by the Northerne Pole of the Ecliptick Proclus saith it is described by the formost foote of the great beare and thereof taketh his name The Antarticke is a like Circle described by the South Pole of the Ecliptick is called Antartick of the Greeke worde which signifieth Opposition because it is opposite to the other Of the vse of the Circles of the Sphaere or Globle THE most

principall cause why Artificers inuented the Aequinoctiall was first because it is the measure of the first Heauen by a conuenient perpetual and aequal swiftnesse Secondly it measureth and limitteth the time of rising of the Signes as also the length of the Artificial daies and times of the Aequinoctials with declinations and right ascentions of Starres together with Longitudes of Regions Lastly for the exection of the twelue howsen of Heauen In like maner the Zodiack serueth for Latitudes Longitudes of Starres for distinction of the times of the yeare for the motions of all the Planers and effects of the same Not vnlike be the vses of the Colures and Meridian ech shewing the greatest declination of the Ecliptick but especially the Meridiā which giueth as well al declinations of Starres their noone height and distinguisheth the daies and nights into two aequal parts and serueth for the Horizon of the right Sphaere It beginneth likewise and endeth all Longitudes of Regions and sheweth Latitudes and Eleuations of the Pole It helpeth to diuide the 12. howsen In like maner sundrie and diuers be the vses of the Horizon As in seperating the hidden part of Heauen from that which is seene and sheweth the place of rising and setting of any Starre how farre from East or West with his height All which points are respected of Astronomers as the Sphaere is secondarily diuided that is to say as he is a right or a crooked Sphaere which bee his properties and affections ment in the diuision afore specified By a right Sphaere is ment such a kinde of position of Heauen as that neither Pole bee r●ised aboue ground but that ech lye in the face of the earth And such a kinde of position haue they which dwell in Bersera and the Islands of Molucca or such like Contrariwise it is sayd to bee a crooked Sphaere when any one of the Poles is raised aboue ground Such a Sphaere haue we at Oxford and London and generally all which dwell not vnder the line All which thinges for our better conceate are shewed to the eye in the materiall Globe whose names and diuisions appeare at the first vewe two things only being waied First that the mechanicall or materiall Globe which representeth the first mooueable beareth in him the fixed Starres not because the Starres bee in the first mooueable but because their motion is so litle in their own Sphaeres in many yeares that they may seeme not to haue mooued at all in a man 's his age from their places vnder which they be of the first moueable therefore they may bee supposed to stand in it Secondly the Globe representeth the Starres to vs in his connexitie which appeare in Heauen in the concauitie For that our eye is not in the Globe but without Furthermore in the Globe besides the aforenamed Circles bee found three others of brasse the one being a perfect Circle of a litle quantitie placed about the Pole which is eleuated is called the hower Circle whose stile is called the Index An other is a thinne rule of brasse representing one quarter of a whole Circle called the quadrant of Altitude and is alwaie to be fixed when ye vse the Globe on the middle of the halfe of your Meridian which is aboue the Horizon that is to say 90. degrees aboue the Horizon The third and last is a great halfe Circle lying at the Horizon seruing aswell for the erection of the scheme of Heauen as any Circle of position All which things being aduisedly considered of ye may proceede in the vse of the Globe As followeth HOW THE Globe is to be placed readie for his vse and practise THe placing of the Globe ought to be such that the Horizon of the Globe may stand parallele or leuied to the true Horizon and the Meridian of the Globe stand in the Superficies of the true Meridian of Heauen and the Poles of the Globe and his Axe answere exactly to the Poles and Axe of Heauen Now to the leuying of the Horizon there ought to bee at your Globe a hanging plummet and for the Meridian a Needle touched of the lode stone and touching the rectifying of the Poles and Axe of the Globe the eleuation of the Pole of heauen is first to be knowen the meanes to performe and accomplish the same being such as followe Propositio 1. To finde a Meridian line in any place appoynted SEt vp on your Horizon or some plaine leuied boarde a Gnomon of any reasonable length then at such time as the same shineth describe from the top of your Gnomon a Circle by the tippe of his shadowe and make a marke in the Circle where the shadowe ended at your obseruation which must be before noone Then marke in the afternoone at what time the ende of the shadowe returneth into the same Circle againe and make a marke at his point of falling so shall ye haue a portion of the sayde Circle inclosed betwixt the two points If then ye diuide this portion into two aequal parts and drawe a line from this middle point by the point in which the Gnomon standeth it shal be a Meridian line Propositio 2. To take the height of any Starre FRrom the point of Heauen which is directly ouer our heads being called the Verticall point or Zenith are imagined diuers Circles to fall by euery degree and minute of the Horizon all which Circles are called Verticals serue for the height of Starres for so much as the altitude of Sunne or starre is the portion of the V●…ticall Circle inclosed betwixt the Center of the Sunne or Starre in the time of his obseruation and the Horizon which height is thus found Take your Astrolabe and let him hang freely by his ring then turne vp his Dioptral so long that ye see the Starre whose height yee seeke thorowe his sights for then howe many degrees and minutes are inclosed betwixt the Dioptrall and the line of your Astrolabe which is parallele to the Horizon so many hath that Starrs of height as the seauenth day of Ianuarie Anno. 1585. vnder the Meridian of Oxford at 9. of the clocke I sought the height of the Sunne taking then my Astrolabe and hanging him towarde the Sunne and raising his Dioptrall till I espyed the Sunne I found betwixt the Dioptral and the line representing the Horizon seauen degrees and 16. minutes so much was the height of the Sunne at that time Propositio 3. To take the altitude of the Pole in in any place or countrey THe altitude of the pole is the portion of the Meridiā Circle inclosed betwixt the Pole and the Horizon and is thus found Find a Meridian line and drawe him in the Horizon by the first proposition then take the height of any fixed Starre which setteth not and that at the fore part of the night at such time as he is pointed vppon your Meridian line by the second proposition Again the next morning or any other morning take the height of