Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	call_v	king_n	prince_n	2,118	5	5.3764	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54625	A treatise of taxes and contributions shewing the nature and measures of [brace] crown-lands, assessments, customs, poll-moneys, lotteries, benevolence, penalties, monopolies, offices, tythes, raising of coins, harth-money, excize, &c. : with several intersperst discourses and digressions concerning [brace] warres, the church, universities, rents and purchases, usury and exchange, banks and lombards, registries for conveyances, beggars, ensurance, exportation of money/wool, free-ports, coins, housing, liberty of conscience, &c. : the same being frequently applied to the present state and affairs of Ireland.	Petty, William, Sir, 1623-1687.	1662 (1662)	Wing P1938; ESTC R33399	59,466	94

ibid._n the_o meaning_n of_o the_o double_a and_o multiple_a restitution_n mention_v in_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n ibid._n of_o the_o way_n for_o punish_v or_o permit_v heterodox_n believer_n in_o religion_n 50_o that_o the_o sovereign_n may_v do_v either_o 51_o that_o all_o pseudodoxy_n whatsoever_o may_v be_v safe_o muzzle_v from_o do_v harm_n by_o pecuniary_a mulct_n 51_o 52_o that_o the_o sovereign_n by_o punish_v they_o with_o death_n mutilation_n or_o imprisonment_n do_v therein_o punish_v himself_o and_o that_o too_o re_fw-mi infecta_fw-la very_o often_o 51_o that_o the_o pastor_n ought_v in_o some_o measure_n to_o be_v punish_v for_o the_o error_n and_o defection_n of_o their_o flock_n 52_o the_o true_a use_n of_o the_o clergy_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v pattern_n of_o holiness_n then_o to_o teach_v man_n variety_n of_o opinion_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la divinis_fw-la 53_o the_o substance_n of_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v in_o this_o whole_a discourse_n about_o the_o church_n ibid._n the_o abuse_n of_o penal_a law_n 54_o of_o monopoly_n ibid._n the_o use_n and_o reason_n of_o institute_a monopoly_n 55_o a_o digression_n about_o new_a invention_n and_o the_o vexation_n incident_a to_o the_o projector_n of_o new_a practice_n ibid._n office_n institute_v by_o the_o state_n with_o fee_n of_o their_o own_o appointment_n be_v of_o a_o parallel_a nature_n to_o monopoly_n 56_o why_o the_o fee_n of_o office_n be_v great_a heretofore_o ibid._n how_o office_n be_v become_v as_o a_o saleable_a commodity_n 57_o why_o many_o superfluous_a office_n be_v not_o abolish_v ibid._n a_o description_n of_o tithe_n in_o several_a particular_n 58_o the_o cause_n why_o tithe_n increase_v ibid._n the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n of_o england_n be_v but_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o people_n 59_o the_o tithe_n in_o england_n be_v six_o time_n as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v four_o hundred_o year_n ago_o ibid._n the_o clergy_n be_v far_o rich_a now_o than_o they_o be_v in_o ancient_a time_n and_o yet_o have_v less_o work_n to_o do_v ibid._n the_o danger_n of_o too_o many_o church_n man_n 60_o how_o to_o adjust_a the_o number_n of_o churchman_n and_o student_n in_o divinity_n ibid._n tithe_n be_v now_o no_o tax_n or_o burden_n upon_o the_o people_n 61_o the_o way_n of_o tithe_n be_v a_o good_a pattern_n for_o a_o tax_n ibid_fw-la the_o way_n of_o pay_v tithe_n in_o the_o city_n and_o country_n be_v very_o disproportionable_a 61_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o contribute_v to_o the_o public_a charge_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o tithe_n ibid._n a_o reason_n why_o the_o way_n of_o tax_v the_o people_n be_v often_o shift_v 62_o the_o state_n gain_v in_o several_a country_n by_o be_v the_o common_a cashier_n usurer_n ensurer_n monopolist_n etc._n etc._n 63_o the_o case_n of_o the_o jew_n every_o where_o subject_n to_o great_a tax_n brief_o state_v 64_o the_o way_n of_o levy_v a_o aliquot_fw-la part_n of_o man_n estate_n very_o dangerous_a ibid._n alteration_n in_o the_o value_v of_o coin_n be_v a_o tax_n upon_o such_o as_o live_v by_o determine_a rent_n pension_n fee_n etc._n etc._n 65_o what_o be_v embase_v of_o money_n and_o what_o be_v not_o ibid._n of_o tin_n and_o copper_n money_n as_o well_o curious_o as_o coarse_o wrought_v ibid._n of_o the_o token_n coin_v by_o retail_v shopkeeper_n ibid._n what_o be_v gold_n and_o silver_n embase_v 66_o the_o reason_n for_o embase_v of_o money_n ibid._n reason_n against_o the_o same_o ibid._n what_o be_v proper_o raise_v of_o money_n 67_o the_o effect_n of_o raise_v both_o domestic_a and_o foreign_a coin_n ibid._n raise_v of_o money_n change_v the_o species_n of_o money_n but_o lessen_v the_o bullion_n ibid._n why_o many_o wise_a state_n have_v raise_v their_o money_n 68_o raise_v of_o foreign_a money_n to_o a_o double_a value_n or_o abate_v the_o price_n of_o our_o native_a commodity_n to_o half_a be_v not_o all_o one_o but_o the_o former_a be_v better_a 69_o the_o way_n of_o compute_v and_o compare_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n upon_o natural_a ground_n 69_o 70_o man_n be_v real_o and_o actual_o rich_a according_a to_o what_o they_o spend_v and_o enjoy_v in_o their_o own_o person_n 71_o excize_n be_v a_o tax_n upon_o such_o riches_n be_v a_o just_a way_n by_o which_o to_o defray_v the_o public_a charge_n ibid._n that_o a_o proportion_n ought_v to_o be_v pitch_v between_o the_o expense_n or_o consumption_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o the_o public_a charge_n thereof_o ib._n commodity_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v tax_v until_o they_o be_v just_o ripe_a for_o consumption_n 72_o commodity_n of_o equal_a value_n may_v be_v unequal_o excize_v with_o justice_n ibidem_fw-la of_o accumulate_v the_o excize_n of_o many_o thing_n upon_o some_o one_o thing_n ibid._n whether_o native_a commodity_n export_v ought_v to_o pay_v excize_a ibid._n the_o explication_n of_o accumulative_a excize_n 73_o reason_n for_o accumulate_v the_o excize_n of_o all_o thing_n upon_o some_o one_o thing_n ibid._n why_o beer_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v that_o one_o thing_n 74_o hearth_n or_o smoak-money_n be_v a_o accumulative_a excize_n with_o the_o reason_n for_o and_o against_o it_o ibid._n reason_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o excize_n 75_o of_o frame_v person_n to_o be_v fit_a for_o great_a trust_n as_o to_o be_v cashier_v store-keeper_n checques_n etc._n etc._n ibid._n chap._n i._o of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o public_a charge_n the_o public_a charge_n of_o a_o state_n be_v that_o of_o its_o defence_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n of_o its_o peace_n at_o home_n and_o abroad_o as_o also_o of_o its_o honourable_a vindication_n from_o the_o injury_n of_o other_o state_n all_o which_o we_o may_v call_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o militia_n which_o common_o be_v in_o ordinary_a as_o great_a as_o any_o other_o branch_n of_o the_o whole_a but_o extraordinary_a that_o be_v in_o time_n of_o war_n or_o fear_v of_o war_n be_v much_o the_o great_a 2._o another_o branch_n of_o the_o public_a charge_n be_v the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o governor_n chief_a and_o subordinate_a i_o mean_v such_o not_o only_o as_o spend_v their_o whole_a time_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o respective_a office_n but_o also_o who_o spend_v much_o in_o fit_v themselves_o as_o well_o with_o ability_n to_o that_o end_n as_o in_o beget_v a_o opinion_n in_o their_o superior_n of_o such_o their_o ability_n and_o trustworthiness_n 3._o which_o maintenance_n of_o the_o governor_n be_v to_o be_v in_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o plenty_n and_o splendour_n as_o private_a endeavour_n and_o calling_n seldom_o reach_v unto_o to_o the_o end_n that_o such_o governor_n may_v have_v the_o natural_a as_o well_o as_o the_o artificial_a cause_n of_o power_n to_o act_v with_o 4_o for_o if_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o man_n shall_v call_v one_o of_o their_o number_n king_n unless_o this_o institute_v prince_n appear_v in_o great_a visible_a splendour_n than_o other_o can_v reward_v those_o that_o obey_v and_o please_v he_o and_o do_v the_o contrary_a to_o other_o his_o institution_n signify_v little_a even_o although_o he_o chance_v to_o have_v g●●●ter_a corporal_a or_o mental_a faculty_n than_o any_o other_o of_o the_o number_n 5._o there_o be_v office_n which_o be_v but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o sheriff_n justice_n of_o the_o peace_n constable_n churchwarden_n etc._n etc._n which_o man_n may_v attend_v without_o much_o prejudice_n to_o their_o ordinary_a way_n of_o livelihood_n and_o for_o which_o the_o honour_n of_o be_v trust_v and_o the_o pleasure_n of_o be_v fear_v have_v be_v think_v a_o competent_a reward_n 6._o unto_o this_o head_n the_o charge_n of_o the_o administer_a justice_n may_v be_v refer_v as_o well_o between_o man_n and_o man_n as_o between_o the_o whole_a state_n or_o commonalty_n and_o particular_a member_n of_o it_o as_o well_o that_o of_o right_v and_o punish_v past_a injury_n and_o crime_n as_o of_o prevent_v the_o same_o in_o time_n to_o come_v 7._o a_o three_o branch_n of_o the_o public_a charge_n be_v that_o of_o the_o pastorage_n of_o man_n soul_n and_o the_o guidance_n of_o their_o conscience_n which_o one_o will_v think_v because_o it_o respect_v another_o world_n and_o but_o the_o particular_a interest_n of_o each_o man_n there_o shall_v not_o be_v a_o public_a charge_n in_o this_o nevertheless_o if_o we_o consider_v how_o easy_a it_o be_v to_o elude_v the_o law_n of_o man_n to_o commit_v unproveable_a crime_n to_o corrupt_v and_o divert_v testimony_n to_o wrest_v the_o sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o law_n etc._n etc._n there_o follow_v a_o necessity_n of_o contribute_v towards_o a_o public_a charge_n wherewith_o to_o have_v man_n instruct_v in_o the_o law_n of_o god_n that_o take_v notice_n of_o evil_a thought_n and_o design_n and_o much_o more_o of_o secret_a deed_n and_o that_o punish_v eternal_o in_o another_o

put_v to_o death_n another_o way_n or_o whether_o they_o shall_v be_v give_v away_o to_o another_o nation_n that_o will_v take_v they_o i_o think_v it_o be_v plain_a they_o ought_v neither_o to_o be_v starve_v nor_o hang_v nor_o give_v away_o now_o if_o they_o beg_v they_o may_v pine_v for_o hunger_n to_o day_n and_o be_v gorge_v and_o glut_v to_o morrow_n which_o will_v occasion_v disease_n and_o evil_a habit_n the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o steal_v moreover_o perhaps_o they_o may_v get_v either_o by_o beg_v or_o steal_v more_o than_o will_v suffice_v they_o which_o will_v for_o ever_o after_o indispose_v they_o to_o labour_n even_o upon_o the_o great_a occasion_n which_o may_v sudden_o and_o unexpected_o happen_v 39_o for_o all_o these_o reason_n it_o will_v be_v certain_o the_o safe_a way_n to_o afford_v they_o the_o superfluity_n which_o will_v otherwise_o be_v lose_v and_o waste_v or_o wanton_o spend_v or_o in_o case_n there_o be_v no_o overplus_n then_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o retrench_v a_o little_a from_o the_o delicacy_n of_o other_o feed_v in_o quantity_n or_o quality_n few_o man_n spend_v less_o than_o double_a of_o what_o may_v suffice_v they_o as_o to_o the_o bare_a necessity_n of_o nature_n 40._o now_o as_o to_o the_o work_n of_o these_o supernumeraries_n let_v it_o be_v without_o expense_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n and_o then_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n if_o it_o be_v employ_v to_o build_v a_o useless_a pyramid_n upon_o salisbury_n plain_n bring_v the_o stone_n at_o stonehenge_n to_o tower-hill_n or_o the_o like_a for_o at_o worst_a this_o will_v keep_v their_o mind_n to_o discipline_n and_o obedience_n and_o their_o body_n to_o a_o patience_n of_o more_o profitable_a labour_n when_o need_n shall_v require_v it_o 41._o in_o the_o next_o place_n as_o a_o instance_n of_o the_o usefulness_n of_o what_o have_v be_v propound_v i_o ask_v what_o benefit_n will_v the_o mend_n of_o highway_n the_o build_n of_o bridge_n and_o cawseys_n with_o make_v of_o river_n navigable_a produce_v beside_o the_o pleasure_n and_o beauty_n of_o they_o to_o which_o i_o also_o answer_v as_o a_o instance_n of_o the_o premise_n that_o the_o same_o together_o with_o the_o numerous_a mission_n of_o cattle_n and_o sheep_n out_o of_o ireland_n shall_v produce_v a_o vast_a superfluity_n of_o english_a horse_n the_o which_o because_o they_o have_v the_o many_o excellent_a quality_n of_o beauty_n strength_n courage_n swiftness_n and_o patience_n concentrate_v in_o they_o beyond_o the_o horse_n of_o other_o place_n will_v be_v a_o very_a vendible_a commodity_n all_o over_o europe_n and_o such_o as_o depend_v upon_o the_o intrinsic_a nature_n of_o the_o english_a soil_n can_v not_o be_v counterfeit_v nor_o take_v away_o by_o other_o moreover_o a_o horse_n be_v such_o a_o commodity_n as_o will_v carry_v both_o himself_o and_o his_o merchant_n to_o the_o market_n be_v the_o same_o never_o so_o distant_a chap._n iii_o how_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o unquiet_a bear_n of_o tax_n may_v be_v lessen_v we_o have_v slighty_a go_v through_o all_o the_o six_o branch_n of_o the_o public_a charge_n and_o have_v though_o imperfect_o and_o in_o haste_n show_v what_o will_v increase_v and_o what_o will_v abate_v they_o we_o come_v next_o to_o take_v away_o some_o of_o the_o general_a cause_n of_o the_o unquiet_a bear_n of_o tax_n and_o yield_v to_o contribution_n viz._n 2._o 1._o that_o the_o people_n think_v the_o sovereign_n ask_v more_o than_o he_o need_v to_o which_o we_o answer_v 1._o that_o if_o the_o sovereign_n be_v sure_a to_o have_v what_o he_o want_v in_o due_a time_n it_o be_v his_o own_o great_a damage_n to_o draw_v away_o the_o money_n out_o of_o his_o subject_n hand_n who_o by_o trade_n increase_v it_o and_o to_o hoard_v it_o up_o in_o his_o own_o coffer_n where_o it_o be_v of_o no_o use_n even_o to_o himself_o but_o liable_a to_o be_v beg_v or_o vain_o expend_v 3._o 2._o let_v the_o tax_n be_v never_o so_o great_a if_o it_o be_v proportionable_a unto_o all_o than_o no_o man_n suffer_v the_o loss_n of_o any_o riches_n by_o it_o for_o man_n as_o we_o say_v but_o now_o if_o the_o estate_n of_o they_o all_o be_v either_o half_v or_o double_v will_v in_o both_o case_n remain_v equal_o rich_a for_o they_o will_v each_o man_n have_v his_o former_a state_n dignity_n and_o degree_n and_o moreover_o the_o money_n levy_v not_o go_v out_o of_o the_o nation_n the_o same_o also_o will_v remain_v as_o rich_a in_o comparison_n of_o any_o other_o nation_n only_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o people_n will_v differ_v for_o a_o little_a while_n namely_o until_o the_o money_n levy_v from_o some_o be_v again_o refund_v upon_o the_o same_o or_o other_o person_n that_o pay_v it_o in_o which_o case_n every_o man_n also_o shall_v have_v his_o chance_n and_o opportunity_n to_o be_v make_v the_o better_a or_o worse_o by_o the_o new_a distribution_n or_o if_o he_o lose_v by_o one_o yet_o to_o gain_v by_o another_o 4._o 3._o now_o that_o which_o anger_v man_n most_o be_v to_o be_v tax_v above_o their_o neighbour_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o many_o time_n these_o surmize_n be_v mistake_n many_o time_n they_o be_v chance_n which_o in_o the_o next_o tax_n may_v run_v more_o favourable_a and_o if_o they_o be_v by_o design_n yet_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o it_o be_v by_o design_n of_o the_o sovereign_n but_o of_o some_o temporary_a assessor_n who_o turn_n it_o may_v be_v to_o receive_v the_o talio_n upon_o the_o next_o occasion_n from_o the_o very_a man_n he_o have_v wrong_v 5._o 4._o man_n repine_v much_o if_o they_o think_v the_o money_n leavy_v will_v be_v expend_v on_o entertainment_n mangnificent_a show_n triumphal_a arch_n etc._n etc._n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o same_o be_v a_o refund_v the_o say_a money_n to_o the_o tradesman_n who_o work_v upon_o those_o thing_n which_o trade_n though_o they_o seem_v vain_a and_o only_a of_o ornament_n yet_o they_o refund_v present_o to_o the_o most_o useful_a namely_o to_o brewer_n baker_n tailor_n shoemaker_n etc._n etc._n moreover_o the_o prince_n have_v no_o more_o pleasure_n in_o these_o show_n and_o entertainment_n then_o 100000._o other_o of_o his_o mean_a subject_n have_v who_o for_o all_o their_o grumble_a we_o see_v to_o travel_v many_o mile_n to_o be_v spectator_n of_o these_o mistake_v and_o distaste_v vanity_n 6._o 5._o the_o people_n often_o complain_v that_o the_o king_n bestow_v the_o money_n he_o raise_v from_o the_o people_n upon_o his_o favourite_n to_o which_o we_o answer_v that_o what_o be_v give_v to_o favourite_n may_v at_o the_o next_o step_n or_o transmigration_n come_v into_o our_o own_o hand_n or_o they_o unto_o who_o we_o wish_v well_o and_o think_v do_v deserve_v it_o 7._o second_o as_o this_o man_n be_v a_o favourite_n to_o day_n so_o another_o or_o ourselves_o may_v be_v hereafter_o favour_n be_v of_o a_o very_a slippery_a and_o movable_a nature_n and_o not_o such_o a_o thing_n as_o we_o need_v much_o to_o envy_v for_o the_o same_o way_n that_o lead_v up_o a_o hill_n lead_v also_o down_o the_o same_o beside_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o law_n or_o custom_n of_o england_n which_o exclude_v any_o the_o mean_a man_n child_n from_o arrive_v to_o the_o high_a office_n in_o this_o kingdom_n much_o less_o debar_v he_o from_o the_o personal_a kindness_n of_o his_o prince_n 8._o all_o these_o imagination_n whereunto_o the_o vulgar_a head_n be_v subject_a do_v cause_n a_o backwardness_n to_o pay_v and_o that_o necessitate_v the_o prince_n to_o severity_n now_o this_o light_n upon_o some_o poor_a though_o stubborn_a stiff-necked_a refuser_n charge_v with_o wife_n and_o child_n give_v the_o credulous_a great_a occasion_n to_o complain_v of_o oppression_n and_o breed_v ill_a blood_n as_o to_o all_o other_o matter_n feed_v the_o ill_a humour_n already_o in_o be_v 9_o 6._o ignorance_n of_o the_o number_n trade_n and_o wealth_n of_o the_o people_n be_v often_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o say_a people_n be_v needless_o trouble_v viz._n with_o the_o double_a charge_n and_o vexation_n of_o two_o or_o many_o levy_n when_o one_o may_v have_v serve_v example_n whereof_o have_v be_v see_v in_o late_a poll-money_n in_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o not_o know_v the_o state_n of_o the_o people_n viz._n how_o many_o there_o be_v of_o each_o taxable_a sort_n and_o the_o want_n of_o sensible_a mark_n whereby_o to_o rate_v man_n and_o the_o confound_a of_o estate_n with_o title_n and_o office_n great_a mistake_n be_v commit_v 10._o beside_o for_o not_o know_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o people_n the_o prince_n know_v not_o what_o they_o can_v bear_v and_o for_o not_o know_v the_o trade_n he_o can_v make_v no_o judgement_n of_o the_o proper_a season_n when_o to_o demand_v his_o exhibition_n

11._o 7._o obscurity_n and_o doubt_n about_o the_o right_n of_o impose_v have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a and_o ugly_a reluctancy_n in_o the_o people_n and_o of_o involuntary_a severity_n in_o the_o prince_n a_o eminent_a example_n whereof_o be_v the_o ship-money_n no_o small_a cause_n of_o twenty_o year_n calamity_n to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n 12._o 8._o fewness_n of_o people_n be_v real_a poverty_n and_o a_o nation_n wherein_o be_v eight_o million_o of_o people_n be_v more_o than_o twice_o as_o rich_a as_o the_o same_o scope_n of_o land_n wherein_o be_v but_o four_o for_o the_o same_o governor_n which_o be_v the_o great_a charge_n may_v serve_v near_o as_o well_o for_o the_o great_a as_o the_o lesser_a number_n 13._o second_o if_o the_o people_n be_v so_o few_o as_o that_o they_o can_v live_v exsponte_fw-la creatis_fw-la or_o with_o little_a labour_n such_o as_o be_v graze_v etc._n etc._n they_o become_v whole_o without_o art_n no_o man_n that_o will_v not_o exercise_v his_o hand_n be_v able_a to_o endure_v the_o torture_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o much_o thoughtfulness_n do_v occasion_n 14._o 9_o scarcity_n of_o money_n be_v another_o cause_n of_o the_o bad_a payment_n of_o tax_n for_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o of_o all_o the_o wealth_n of_o this_o nation_n viz._n land_n house_n ship_n commodity_n furniture_n plate_n and_o money_n that_o scarce_o one_o part_n of_o a_o hundred_o be_v coin_n and_o that_o perhaps_o there_o be_v scarce_o six_o million_o of_o pound_n now_o in_o england_n that_o be_v but_o twenty_o shilling_n a_o head_n for_o every_o head_n in_o the_o nation_n we_o may_v easy_o judge_v how_o difficult_a it_o be_v for_o man_n of_o competent_a estate_n to_o pay_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n on_o a_o sudden_a which_o if_o they_o can_v compass_v severity_n and_o charge_n ensue_v and_o that_o with_o reason_n though_o unlucky_a enough_o it_o be_v more_o tolerable_a to_o undo_v one_o particular_a member_n then_o to_o endanger_v the_o whole_a notwithstanding_o indeed_o it_o be_v more_o tolerable_a for_o one_o particular_a member_n to_o be_v undo_v with_o the_o whole_a then_o alone_o 15._o 10._o it_o seem_v somewhat_o hard_a that_o all_o tax_n shall_v be_v pay_v in_o money_n that_o be_v when_o the_o king_n have_v occasion_n to_o victual_v his_o ship_n at_o portsmouth_n that_o fat_a ox_n and_o corn_n shall_v not_o be_v receive_v in_o kind_n but_o that_o farmer_n must_v first_o carry_v their_o corn_n perhaps_o ten_o mile_n to_o sell_v and_o turn_v into_o money_n which_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n be_v again_o reconvert_v into_o corn_n fetch_v many_o mile_n further_o 16._o moreover_o the_o farmer_n for_o haste_n be_v force_v to_o under-sell_a his_o corn_n and_o the_o king_n for_o haste_n likewise_o be_v force_v to_o over-buy_a his_o provision_n whereas_o the_o pay_n in_o kind_n pro_fw-la hic_fw-la &_o nunc_fw-la will_v lessen_v a_o considerable_a grievance_n to_o the_o poor_a people_n 17._o the_o next_o consideration_n shall_v be_v of_o the_o consequence_n and_o effect_n of_o too_o great_a a_o tax_n not_o in_o respect_n of_o particular_a man_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o but_o to_o the_o whole_a people_n in_o general_a to_o which_o i_o say_v that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a measure_n and_o proportion_n of_o money_n requisite_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o a_o nation_n more_o or_o less_o than_o which_o will_v prejudice_v the_o same_o just_o as_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a proportion_n of_o farthing_n necessary_a in_o a_o small_a retail_n trade_n to_o change_v silver_n money_n and_o to_o even_o such_o reckon_n as_o can_v be_v adjust_v with_o the_o small_a silver_n piece_n for_o money_n make_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o the_o matter_n of_o our_o food_n and_o cover_v but_o as_o farthing_n and_o other_o local_a extrinsic_a money_n be_v to_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n species_n 18._o now_o as_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o number_n of_o farthing_n requisite_a in_o commerce_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o number_n of_o people_n the_o frequency_n of_o their_o exchange_n as_o also_o and_o principal_o from_o the_o value_n of_o the_o small_a silver_n piece_n of_o money_n so_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o proportion_n of_o money_n requisite_a to_o our_o trade_n be_v to_o be_v likewise_o take_v from_o the_o frequency_n of_o commutation_n and_o from_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o payment_n that_o be_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n usual_o make_v otherwise_o from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o where_o there_o be_v register_n of_o land_n whereby_o the_o just_a value_n of_o each_o man_n interest_n in_o they_o may_v be_v well_o know_v and_o where_o there_o be_v depository_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o of_o metal_n cloth_n linen_n leather_n and_o other_o useful_n and_o where_o there_o be_v bank_n of_o money_n also_o there_o less_o money_n be_v necessary_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n for_o if_o all_o the_o great_a payment_n be_v make_v in_o land_n and_o the_o other_o perhaps_o down_o to_o ten_o pound_n or_o twenty_o pound_n be_v make_v by_o credit_n in_o lombar_n or_o money-bank_n it_o follow_v that_o there_o needs_o only_a money_n to_o pay_v sum_n less_o than_o those_o aforemention_v just_a as_o few_o farthing_n be_v requisite_a for_o change_n where_o there_o be_v plenty_n of_o silver_n two_o pence_n then_o where_o the_o least_o silver_n piece_n be_v six_o penny_n 19_o to_o apply_v all_o this_o i_o say_v that_o if_o there_o be_v too_o much_o money_n in_o a_o nation_n it_o be_v good_a for_o the_o commonalty_n as_o well_o as_o the_o king_n and_o no_o harm_n even_o to_o particular_a man_n if_o the_o king_n have_v in_o his_o coffer_n all_o that_o be_v superflous_a no_o more_o than_o if_o man_n be_v permit_v to_o pay_v their_o tax_n in_o any_o thing_n they_o can_v best_o spare_v 20._o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o largeness_n of_o a_o public_a exhibition_n shall_v leave_v less_o money_n than_o be_v necessary_a to_o drive_v the_o nation_n trade_n than_o the_o mischief_n thereof_o will_v be_v the_o do_v of_o less_o work_n which_o be_v the_o same_o as_o lessen_v the_o people_n or_o their_o art_n and_o industry_n for_o a_o hundred_o pound_n pass_v a_o hundred_o hand_n for_o wage_n cause_n a_o 10000l_o worth_a of_o commodity_n to_o be_v produce_v which_o hand_n will_v have_v be_v idle_a and_o useless_a have_v there_o not_o be_v this_o continual_a motive_n to_o their_o employment_n 21._o tax_n if_o they_o be_v present_o expend_v upon_o our_o own_o domestic_a commodity_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o do_v little_a harm_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n only_o they_o work_v a_o change_n in_o the_o riches_n and_o fortune_n of_o particular_a man_n and_o particular_o by_o transfer_v the_o same_o from_o the_o land_a and_o lazy_a to_o the_o crafty_a and_o industrious_a as_o for_o example_n if_o a_o gentleman_n have_v let_v his_o land_n to_o farm_n for_o a_o hundred_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o several_a year_n or_o life_n and_o he_o be_v tax_v twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o maintain_v a_o navy_n then_o the_o effect_n hereof_o will_v be_v that_o this_o gentleman_fw-mi twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la will_v be_v distribute_v among_o seaman_n ship-carpenter_n and_o other_o trade_n relate_v to_o naval_a matter_n but_o if_o the_o gentleman_n have_v his_o land_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n then_o be_v tax_v a_o five_o part_n he_o will_v raise_v his_o rent_n near_o the_o same_o proportion_n upon_o his_o under_a tenant_n or_o will_v sell_v his_o cattle_n corn_n and_o wool_n a_o five_o part_n dear_a the_o like_a also_o will_v all_o other_o subdependents_n on_o he_o do_v and_o thereby_o recover_v in_o some_o measure_n what_o he_o pay_v last_o but_o if_o all_o the_o money_n levy_v be_v throw_v into_o the_o sea_n than_o the_o ultimate_a effect_n will_v only_o be_v that_o every_o man_n must_v work_v a_o five_o part_n the_o hard_a or_o retrench_v a_o five_o part_n of_o his_o consumption_n viz._n the_o former_a if_o foreign_a trade_n be_v improveable_a and_o the_o latter_a if_o it_o be_v not_o 22._o this_o i_o conceive_v be_v the_o worst_a of_o tax_n in_o a_o well_o policy_v state_n but_o in_o other_o state_n where_o be_v not_o a_o certain_a prevention_n of_o beggary_n and_o thievery_n that_o be_v a_o sure_a livelihood_n for_o man_n want_v employment_n there_o i_o confess_v a_o excessive_a tax_n cause_v excessive_a and_o insuperable_a want_n even_o of_o natural_a necessity_n and_o that_o on_o a_o sudden_a so_o as_o ignorant_a particular_a person_n can_v find_v out_o what_o way_n to_o subsist_v by_o and_o this_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n must_v cause_v sudden_a effect_n to_o relieve_v itself_o that_o be_v rapine_n fraud_n and_o this_o again_o must_v

bring_v death_n mutilation_n and_o impisonment_n according_a to_o the_o present_a law_n which_o be_v mischief_n and_o punishment_n as_o well_o unto_o the_o state_n as_o to_o the_o particular_a sufferer_n of_o they_o chap._n iu._n of_o the_o several_a way_n of_o tax_n and_o first_o of_o set_v a_o part_n a_o proportion_n of_o the_o whole_a territory_n for_o public_a use_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o crown_n land_n and_o second_o by_o way_n of_o assessment_n or_o land-tax_a but_o suppose_v that_o the_o several_a cause_n of_o public_a charge_n be_v lessen_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v and_o that_o the_o people_n be_v well_o satisfy_v and_o content_v to_o pay_v their_o just_a share_n of_o what_o be_v needful_a for_o their_o government_n and_o protection_n as_o also_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o country_n it_o follow_v now_o to_o propose_v the_o several_a way_n and_o expedient_n how_o the_o same_o may_v be_v most_o easy_o speedy_o and_o insensible_o collect_v the_o which_o i_o shall_v do_v by_o expose_v the_o conveniency_n and_o inconvenience_n of_o some_o of_o the_o principal_a way_n of_o levying_n use_v of_o late_a year_n within_o the_o several_a state_n of_o europe_n unto_o which_o other_o of_o small_a and_o more_o rare_a use_n may_v be_v refer_v 2._o imagine_v then_o a_o number_n of_o people_n plant_v in_o a_o territory_n who_o have_v upon_o computation_n conclude_v that_o two_o million_o of_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v necessary_a to_o the_o public_a charge_n or_o rather_o who_o go_v more_o wise_o to_o work_v have_v compute_v a_o twenty_o five_o part_n of_o the_o proceed_v of_o all_o their_o land_n and_o labour_n be_v to_o be_v the_o excisium_n or_o the_o part_n to_o be_v cut_v out_o and_o lay_v aside_o for_o public_a use_n which_o proportion_v perhaps_o be_v fit_a enough_o to_o the_o affair_n of_o england_n but_o of_o that_o hereafter_o 3._o now_o the_o question_n be_v how_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o shall_v be_v raise_v the_o first_o way_n we_o propose_v be_v to_o excize_v the_o very_a land_n itself_o in_o kind_n that_o be_v to_o cut_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a twenty_o five_o million_o which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o england_n and_o wales_n as_o much_o land_n in_o specie_fw-la as_o whereof_o the_o rack-rent_a will_v be_v two_o million_o viz._n about_o four_o million_o of_o acre_n which_o be_v about_o a_o six_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a make_v the_o say_v four_o million_o to_o be_v crown_n land_n and_o as_o the_o four_o county_n intend_v to_o be_v reserve_v in_o ireland_n upon_o the_o forfeiture_n be_v or_o else_o to_o excize_v a_o six_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o whole_a which_o be_v about_o the_o proportion_n that_o the_o adventurer_n and_o soldier_n in_o ireland_n retribute_v to_o the_o king_n as_o quit_v rent_n of_o which_o two_o way_n the_o latter_a be_v manifest_o the_o better_a the_o king_n have_v more_o security_n and_o more_o oblige_v provide_v the_o trouble_n and_o charge_n of_o this_o universal_a collection_n exceed_v not_o that_o of_o the_o other_o advantage_n considerable_o 4._o this_o way_n in_o a_o new_a state_n will_v be_v good_a be_v agree_v upon_o as_o it_o be_v in_o ireland_n before_o man_n have_v even_o the_o possession_n of_o any_o land_n at_o all_o wherefore_o whosoever_o buy_v land_n in_o ireland_n hereafter_o be_v no_o more_o concern_v with_o the_o quit_v rent_n wherewith_o they_o be_v charge_v then_o if_o the_o acre_n be_v so_o much_o the_o few_o or_o than_o man_n be_v who_o buy_v land_n out_o of_o which_o they_o know_v tithe_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v and_o true_o that_o country_n be_v happy_a in_o which_o by_o original_a accord_n such_o a_o rent_n be_v reserve_v as_o whereby_o the_o public_a charge_n may_v be_v bear_v without_o contingent_a sudden_a superaddition_n in_o which_o lie_v the_o very_a ratio_fw-la of_o the_o burden_n of_o all_o contribution_n and_o exaction_n for_o in_o such_o case_n as_o be_v say_v before_o it_o be_v not_o only_o the_o landlord_n pay_v but_o every_o man_n who_o eat_v but_o a_o egg_n or_o a_o onion_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o his_o land_n or_o who_o use_v the_o help_n of_o any_o artisan_n which_o feed_v on_o the_o same_o 5._o but_o if_o the_o same_o be_v propound_v in_o england_n viz._n if_o a_o aliquot_fw-la part_n of_o every_o landlord_n rent_n be_v excind_v or_o retrench_v than_o those_o who_o rent_n be_v settle_v and_o determine_v for_o long_a time_n to_o come_v will_v chief_o bear_v the_o burden_n of_o such_o a_o imposition_n and_o other_o have_v a_o benefit_n thereby_o for_o suppose_v a._n and_o b._n have_v each_o of_o they_o a_o parcel_n of_o land_n of_o equal_a goodness_n and_o value_n suppose_v also_o that_o a._n have_v let_v his_o parcel_n for_o twenty_o one_o year_n at_o twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la but_o that_o b._n be_v free_a now_o there_o come_v out_o a_o tax_n of_o a_o five_o part_n hereupon_o b._n will_v not_o let_v under_o 25_o l._n that_o his_o remainder_n may_v be_v twenty_o whereas_o a._n must_v be_v content_v with_o sixteen_o neat_a nevertheless_o the_o tenant_n of_o a._n will_v sell_v the_o proceed_v of_o their_o bargain_n at_o the_o same_o rate_n that_o the_o tenant_n of_o b._n shall_v do_v the_o effect_n of_o all_o this_o be_v first_o that_o the_o king_n five_o part_n of_o b._n his_o farm_n shall_v be_v great_a than_o before_o second_o that_o the_o farmer_n to_o b._n shall_v gain_v more_o than_o before_o the_o tax_n three_o that_o the_o tenant_n or_o farmer_n of_o a._n shall_v gain_v as_o much_o as_o the_o king_n and_o tenant_n to_o b._n both_o four_o the_o tax_n do_v ultimate_o light_a upon_o the_o landlord_n a._n and_o the_o consumptioner_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o a_o land-tax_a resolve_n into_o a_o irregular_a excize_n upon_o consumption_n that_o those_o bear_v it_o most_o who_o lest_o complain_v and_o last_o that_o some_o landlord_n may_v gain_v and_o only_o such_o who_o rent_n be_v predetermine_v shall_v loose_v and_o that_o double_o viz._n one_o way_n by_o the_o raise_n of_o their_o revenue_n and_o the_o other_o by_o exhaust_v the_o price_n of_o provision_n upon_o they_o 6._o another_o way_n be_v a_o excisium_n out_o of_o the_o rent_n of_o house_v which_o be_v much_o more_o uncertain_a than_o that_o of_o land_n for_o a_o house_n be_v of_o a_o double_a nature_n viz._n one_o wherein_o it_o be_v a_o way_n and_o mean_n of_o expense_n the_o other_o as_o it_o be_v a_o instrument_n and_o tool_n of_o gain_n for_o a_o shop_n in_o london_n of_o less_o capacity_n and_o less_o charge_n in_o build_v then_o a_o fair_a dining-room_n in_o the_o same_o house_n unto_o which_o both_o do_v belong_v shall_v nevertheless_o be_v of_o the_o great_a value_n so_o also_o shall_v a_o dungeon_n cellar_n than_o a_o pleasant_a chamber_n because_o the_o one_o be_v expense_n the_o other_o profit_n now_o the_o way_n land-tax_a rate_v house_n as_o of_o the_o latter_a nature_n but_o the_o excize_n as_o of_o the_o former_a 7._o we_o may_v sometime_o add_v hereunto_o that_o house_n be_v sometime_o disproportional_o tax_v to_o discourage_v building_n especial_o upon_o new_a foundation_n thereby_o to_o prevent_v the_o growth_n of_o a_o city_n suppose_v london_n such_o excessive_a and_o overgrow_a city_n be_v dangerous_a to_o monarchy_n though_o the_o more_o secure_a when_o the_o supremacy_n be_v in_o citizen_n of_o such_o place_n themselves_o as_o in_o venice_n 8._o but_o we_o say_v that_o such_o check_v of_o new_a building_n signify_v nothing_o to_o this_o purpose_n forasmuch_o as_o building_n do_v not_o increase_v until_o the_o people_n already_o have_v increase_v but_o the_o remedy_n of_o the_o abovementioned_a danger_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o people_n the_o which_o if_o they_o can_v be_v nip_v the_o other_o work_n will_v necessary_o be_v do_v but_o what_o then_o be_v the_o true_a effect_n of_o forbid_v to_o build_v upon_o new_a foundation_n i_o answer_v to_o keep_v and_o fasten_v the_o city_n to_o its_o old_a seat_n and_o ground-plot_n the_o which_o encouragement_n for_o new_a building_n will_v remove_v as_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v almost_o in_o all_o great_a city_n though_o insensible_o and_o not_o under_o many_o year_n progression_n 9_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o man_n be_v unwilling_a to_o build_v new_a house_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o pull_v down_o their_o old_a where_o both_o the_o old_a house_n itself_o and_o the_o ground_n it_o stand_v upon_o do_v make_v a_o much_o dear_a ground-plot_n for_o a_o new_a house_n and_o yet_o far_o less_o free_a and_o convenient_a wherefore_o man_n build_v upon_o new_a free_a foundation_n and_o cobble_v up_o old_a house_n until_o they_o become_v fundamental_o irreparable_a at_o which_o time_n they_o become_v either_o the_o dwell_n of_o