word signifies in Greek softhaired Julius the sirname of Ascanius the son of Aeneas and his first wife Creusa he came along with his father into Italy and built the City Alba in the place where he found the white Sow with the 30 Pigs also the son of Ascanius who stood in competition for the kingdom of Alba with Silvius Posthumus the son of Aeneas by his second wife Lavinia the word signifieth in Greek the soft down appearing on the chin of a young man before he comes to have a perfect beard July the name of the fifth moneth from March which was heretofore accounted the first moneth of the year it was so named from Julius Caesar being in former time called Quintilis Jumentarious lat belonging to a horse or any kind of labouring beast called in Latin jumentum Juncture lat a joyning together also a joynt also juncture of time the very nick or moment of time June the fourth moneth of the year from March the first Some say it was so called from Juno as it were junonian moneth Others from Junius Brutus who begun his Consulship in that moneth it is called in Greek Hecatombaeon from the Hecatombs or Sacrifices of a hundred Oxen which used to be offered to Jupiter in this moneth Junke in Navigation is any piece of an old cable Juno the daughter of Saturn and Ops and both wife and sister to Jupiter to whom she brought forth Vulcan and Mars and a daughter called Hebe whom she conceived by eating of green Lettice she is called Juno a juvando i. from giving help also Lucina from causing men to see the light of the World being said to be present at the birth of all children that come into the World and to sit crosse-legged when any miscarry She is also called Sospita a Sospitando i. e. keeping in safety Juno's teares a kind of plant otherwise called Vervain Junto or Junta Span. a meeting together of men to â—it in council Ivory French the Elephants tooth being the finest and whitest kind of bone of which boxes and several sorts of things are made Jupiter the son of Saturn by his wife Ops born at the same birth with Juno and hid in the mountain Ida in Creet where he was bred up by the Curetes unknown to his father Saturn who intending to devoure all his male children his wife Ops gave him a great stone wrapt up in swadling clouts to eat instead of his son Jupiter who coming to age and understanding his fathers designs against him conspired against him and cast him out of his dominions and divided the government of the World between himself and his two brothers the Heavens he reserved to himself to Neptune he gave the Empire of the Sea and to Pluto the lower Regions of the Earth Jupiter Belus the second King of Babylon or as some say the first he was the son of Nimrod called also Saturn Juration lat a swearing or taking an oath Jurats French certain officers otherwise called Eschevins or Sheriffs Jurden or Jordon a kind of Urinal or Chamberpot also Jordan is the name of a River dividing Perea from the rest of Judaea Juridical lat belonging to the Law judicial or which will bear an action Jury in lat Jurati signifieth in Common Law a company consisting of 24 or 12 men empanelled and sworn to deliver a truth upon such evidence as shall be delivered them touching the matter in question there being three sorts of trials either by Assize or Jury by Battel or by Parliament In every general Assize there is both a Grand Jury consisting of 24 substantial men chosen indifferently out of the whole County and others called Petit Juries consisting of 12 to whom are referred such things concerning life and death as the Grand Jury have approved of Jurisdiction lat authority to make or execute Laws Also it is used for any kind of power or authority A Jurist a Lawyer Jurisprudence lat knowledge or skil in the Laws Jurn or Journchoppers the regraters or changers of yarn Juror one of the twelve men in a Jury Jury-mast is one made at sea in case of necessity by fastning several pieces together Jussel a minutal from jus signifying a dish made of several meats minced together Jussulent lat full of broth or pottage Justes French tikings or combats on horseback with Speares and Lances Justice or Justicer French an officer deputed by the King or Common-wealth to act by way of judgement Justice of the Kings Bench is the capital or chief Justice of England he is a Lord by his office which is most especially to hear and determine all pleas of the Crown that is such as concern offences committed against the Crown Dignity and Peace of the King as Treasons Mayhems and the like Justice of Common pleas is he who hears and determines all causes at the Common Law that is all civil causes between common persons as well personal as reall He is also a Lord by his office Justice of the Forrest or Justice in eyre of the Forrest is he that hath the hearing and determining of all offences within the Kings Forrest committed against Venison or Vert and is also a Lord by his office Justices of Assises such as were wont by special commission to be sent into this or that County to take Assises for the ease of the subjects Justices of oyer and terminer are Justices deputed upon some special and extraordinary occasions to hear and determine causes Justices in eyre those that were wont to be sent with commissions into divers Counties to hear such causes as were termed the Pleas of the Crown and were for the â—ase of the subjects who must have come to the Kings Bench if the cause were too high for the County-Court from the French word Erre a journey Justices of Goale delivery are such as are sent with commission to hear and determine all causes appertaining to such as for any offence are cast into Goale Justices of Nisi prius the same now adayes with Justices of Assises Justices of tryal baston or trayl baston were certain Justices appointed by Edward the first to make inquisition through the Realme upon all Officers as Mayors Sheriffs Escheatours c. touching extortion briberies intrusion into other mens lands and Barratours that used to take money for beating of men and they had power either to punish by death or to exact a ransome This term comes from two French words treille an arbour or form and baston a staff or pole to note that the Justices imployed in this commission had authority to proceed without any solemn Judgement-seat but wheresoever they could apprehend the malefactours Justices of peace are such as are appointed by the Kings commission to attend the peace in the County where they dwell whereof such whose commission begins Quorum vos unum esse volumus are called Justices of the Quorum Justicies a Writ directed to the Sheriff for the dispatch of justice in some especial cause wherewith
goods or estate that died intestate or without any Will Admirable Lat. full of wonder An Admiral French a General at Sea To Admit latin to allow of Admonition French a giving warning Adnihilation latin a bringing or reducing to nothing Adolescency latin the age of youth Adolph or Hadulph Sax. happy help a proper name Adon or Adonai an Hebrew word signifying Lord or God Adonis the son of Cinaras King of Cyprus Myrrha who hunting in the Italian woods and being kill'd by the tusk of a Boar was afterwards by Venus turned into a Flowr Adoption lat the choosing of him into ones family and inheritance who is not a natural son Adorable lat to be worship'd or ador'd also being attributed to a mortal it signifies worthy of all honour and respect Artam Adornation latin decking adorning Adory Greek ingloriousness shame Adruming old word churlish Adrastia the daughter of Jupiter and Necessity a sharp punisher of wickedness otherwise called Nemesis whom the Egyptian Priests made to be Arbitress of all human affairs and placed her above the Moon Adrian a proper name see Hadrian Adrian or Adriatique Sea the Sea that parts Italie from Dalmatia Advancement French a raising or promoting Advantagious in favour of another Atramenes Advectitions latin that which may be brought from another place Advent latin an arriving whence Advent-Sunday is that Sunday wherein there us'd to be a preparation in the Church for the approaching Feast and all suites in Law were remitted for that time Advenale a Coat of defence Chaucer Adventitions latin coming unexpected or by chance Adventure French chance luck Adverse latin contrary opposite Adversant Id. To Advertise latin to give advice To Advesperate latin to wax night To Advigilate latin to watch diligently Adulation latin flattery Adult latin to come to ones full ripeess of age To Adulterate latin to corrupt To Adumbrate latin to shadow Adumbration signifies in Heraldrie a cleer exemption of the substance of the charge or thing born in such sort that there remains nothing thereof to be discovered but the bare proportion of the outward lineaments This is also call'd Transparencie Aduncous or Adunque latin hooked Advocate latin a Term in Law he that defendeth another mans cause Advouson French signifieth in common-Common-law a right to present to a benefice Adust latin burnt parch't Adynamous Greek weak impotent A E Aeacus the son of Jupiter by Aegina he was said to be so just that when he was dead he was chosen one of the infernal Judges with Minos and Rhadamanthus Aedone the Wife of Zethus the Brother of Amphion she slew her son Itylus in the night thinking him to have been Amaneus the son of Amphion but afterwards acknowledging her error she desired to die and was changed into a Thistle Aeeta the King of Colchos the son of Sol by Persa the daughter of Oceanus he begat Medea Absyrtus and Calciope to him Phryxus brought the golden Fleece which with the help of Medea was won from him by Jason and the Argonaut's and he deposed from his Kingdom Aega a Nymph the Daughter of Olenus and Nurse of Jupiter Aegaeon the son of Titan and Terra who at one lift threw a hundred Rocks against Jupiter but being overcome was bound by Neptune to a Rock in the Aegaean-Sea Aegaeum or the Agaeean-Sea is that Sea which is vulgarly call'd the Archipelago Aegeus the son of Neptune King of Athens who had by his Wife Aetha the daughter of Pitheus a son named Theseus the greatest Hero of that time whom he thinking to have been slain when he returned from Crete threw himself into the Sea and was by the Athenians made one of the Sea-Gods Aegiale the Wife of Diomed who by reason of her adultery with Cyllebarus was forsaken of her Husband who after the war of Troy went into Italy Aegilope Greek a kind of disease in the eye call'd the lachrymal fistule Aegina the daughter of Aesopus King of Boeotia whom Juriter injoy'd by turning himself into fire Aegipanes Greek certain wooddy Deities adored by the Ancients having feet like Goates Aegisthus the son of Thyestes and Pelopeia his daughter he slew Atreus by his fathers command and afterwards kill'd Agamemnon at a banquet by the help of his Wife Clytemnestra Aegle one of the daughters of Hesperus King of Italie who with her sisters Arethusa and Hesperethusa possest most pleasant gardens in Africa where there were golden apples kept by a watchful Dragon whom Hercules sent by Euristheus slew and took away the Apples Aegles the name of a great Wrastler who though he were born dumb being once to enter into the combat and seeing a great deceit in the lots he through a great desire of speaking spake distinctly and so continued while he lived Aegrimony or Aegritude lat sickness of body or mind Aegyptus the son of Belus the brother of Danais He having fifty daughters gave them in marriage to his brothers fifty sons but they having receiv'd instructions from their father Danaus each one killed their Husband the first night of their marriage except Hypermnestra who saved her Husband Lynceus who afterwards driving out Danaus possest the Kingdome of Argos also a famous Country of Lybia once a great Kingdome now a Province under the Turks dominion Aeneas the son of Anchises and Venus who after much wandring came to Latium overcame Turnus married Lavinia the daughter of Latinus and reigned thirty years after his Father-in-law's death Aeneator lat a Trumpeter Aenigmatical Greek full of Aenigma's i. e. dark speeches or riddles Aeolipile a kind of Instrument called the Hermetical bellows whereby it is experimented whether there be a vacuum in nature Aeolus the son of Jupiter and Sergeste who was called the God of the winds Aepalius a King who being restor'd by Hercules to his Kingdome adopted Hyllus Hercules his elder Son into the succession of his Kingdome Aequanimity lat equalness of spirit or temper Aequator a great circle or line encompassing the Globe equally distant from the Two poles Aequilateral consisting of equal sides Aequilibrity lat an equal poising or weighing Aequiponderancy lat the same as Aequilibrity Aera a Term in Chronologie signifying the beginning of a great Empire or some remarkable event from which people compute the number of years as the Jews reckn'd from Abraham's journey out of Chaldea or from their deliverance out of Egypt c. the ancient Greeks from the first Olympiad the Christians from the birth of Christ. Aerial lat belonging to the air Aeromancy Greek a foretelling of things by some certain sign 's in the air Aeruginous lat rusty cancred Aerumnous lat full of troubles and miseries Aesacus the son of Priamus who being in love with a beautiful Virgin call'd Hesperia never left following her in the Woods but she flying from him was at length kill'd by the bite of a Serpent he impatient of his loss threw himself from a high Rock into the Sea where Thetis taking compassion on him transform'd him into
Consuetudinal Lat. usual or accustomed Consuetudinibus servitiis a Writ that lieth against a Tenant who deforceth his Lord of the rent or service due unto him Consul from the Latin word Consulere to give counsel it was a place of highest dignity among the Romans brought in after the expulsion of their Kings and at this present day the chief Governours of divers Cities are called Consuls Consultation Lat. a taking counsel also the name of a Writ whereby a cause being formerly removed by prohibition from the Ecclesiastical Court to the Kings Court is returned thither again Consummation lat a fulfilling or finishing also a making up an account Consumption lat a falling away or consuming also a disease which dries and wastes the body Contabulation lat a fastning of planks or boards together Contaction lat a touching of two things together Contagion lat infection the spreading of a disease Contamination lat a polluting or defiling by touch Conteke old word strife or contention Contemeration lat a deflowring Contemplatives certain Fryers of St. Mary Magdalens Order who wear black upper garments and white underneath Contemplation lat a deep considering Contemporal or Contemporary lat of the same time with another Contemptible or Contemptuous lat worthy of disesteem and scorn Contenement a term in law being the freehold land which lieth to a mans house or tenement Contention lat a striving Contermination lat a bordering upon or lying near Conterpleted old word controlled Contesseration lat a entering into league or amity with strangers Contestation lat a calling to witnesse Context or Contexture lat a weaving together also the stile or form of a processe or discourse Contignation in Architecture signifies the floor-work Contiguity lat a nearnesse or close touching Continent lat temperate containing ones self from any thing also substantively taken it signifies the firm or main land Contingency lat a hapning by chance Continual claim a term in Common law signifying a claim made from time to time within every year and day to land or any other thing which at present we cannot attain without danger Continuance seemeth to signifie in Common law the same as prorogation in the Civil law as continuance until the next Assises when it chanceth that a Record cannot be found Continuation or Continuity lat a lengthning or going on with any thing a holding out intire Contorsion lat a pulling awry a wresting Contrabanded prohibited from the Italian word Bando a Proclamation as contrabanded goods are goods forbidden by Proclaimation to be imported Contract lat a bargaining or making a match as contract of marriage in Common law it is a covenant or agreement with lawfull consideration or clause Contractation or Contratation lat and Span. a contract or bargaining Contraction lat a drawing together Contradiction lat a gainsaying Contra formam collationis a Writ against an Abbot for him that hath given lands to an Abby and findeth that the Abbot hath made a feoffment thereof Contra formam feoffamenti a Writ for the Heir of a Tenant infeoffed in certain lands by Charter of feoffment by a Lord to do certain services to his Court and afterwards is distrained for more than is contained in the Charter Câ—ntramure a term in Architecture or fortification signifying an out-wall built about the wall of a City a counter-scarfe Contrasto Spanish contention or strife Contrâ—ctation lat a wanton handling of a woman Contribution lat a joynt giving of money or supplies towards any businesse of importance Contributione facienda a Writ that lieth in case more are bound to one thing yet the whole burthen is put upon one Contristation lat a making sad Contrition lat remorce or penitence Controller an officer who keepeth a Roll of other officers accounts Controller of the Hamper an officer in Chancery who takes all things sealed from the Clark of the Hamper inclosed in leather bags and takes a special charge of them Controller of the pipe an officer in the Exchequer who writes summons to the Sheriffs to levie the debts of the pipe Controller of the Pell an officer of the Exchequer who keeps a controlment of the Pell of receipts and goings out To Controve old word to devise Controversie lat contention in dispute Contumacy lat stubbornnesse rebellion Contumely lat injury reviling Contumulation lat an intombing together Contusion lat a bruising or beating in pieces Convalescency lat an increasing in health or strength To Convene lat to warn into any Assembly Conveniency lat fitnesse or meetnesse Convent or Covent a great Assembly of people also a Society of Religious men dwelling together in a house Conventicle lat a private Assembly Conventual lat belonging to a company of religious persons Conventual Church a Parish Church Conversation lat a keeping company or being familiar with any Conversion lat a changing from one state to another especially from bad to good Convexity lat the outside of a globous body which is hollow Conviction lat in Common law is the proving a man guilty by the verdict of a jury or when a man that is outlaw'd appeareth and confesseth Convivial lat belonging to a feast Convocation lat a calling or assembling together convocation house the house where the Clergy assemble to consult about Ecclesiastical affairs Convoy French a guide or conduct Convulsion lat a violent pulling together also a disease wherein the sinews are shrunk up and drawn together Cooperate lat to bear another company in the same work Coote a kinde of bird otherwise called a Moorhen Copal a kinde of white Rosin brought from the Indies which they use for a perfume Cope a Cloak also a vestment that Bishops were wont to wear Coparceners or parceners signifie in Common-law such as have equal share in the inheritance of their ancestours Copia libelli deliberanda a Writ that lyeth in a case where a man cannot get the Copy of a Libel at the hands of a Judge Ecclesiastical Copyhold signifieth in Common-law a Tenure for which the Tenant hath nothing but the Copy of the Rolles made by the Steward of his Lords Court this is also called a base Tenure or Tenure in Villenage Copious lat plentifull Copise from the French Couper to cut down a little Wood which consists of underwoods that are to be cut down before they grow to be great Trees Copperas a kinde of mineral otherwise called vitriol being mixed of humours strained by drops into small holes Copthall the name of a stately house belonging in ancient times to the Fitzauchers and afterwards very much beautified by Sir Thomas Heneage Copulation lat a joyning or coupling together Coquettery French a pratling like a a Gossip Coquination lat a dressing or Cooking of meat Cor Scorpii the heart of the Scorpion Coraage in Common-law is a certain extraordinary imposition upon certain measures of Corn which is upon some unusual occasion Coral a certain Maritime plant growing under water which when it is taken out petrifies and becomes red
whatsoever she desired she should have it whence Amalthean horn hath been taken for an embleme of plenty Amand lat to send one away Amanuensis lat a secretary one that writes for another Amaritude Lat. bitternesse Amassement French a crouding or heaping of several things together Amate to discourage Amazons certain warlike women of Asia that dwelt near the River Thermodoon who burnt off their right paps and killed all their Male Children that they might have no man among them their most renowned Queens were Mathesia Orithya Penthesilea whom Achilles slew coming to help the Trojans Menalippe and Hippolyta whom Hercules overcame and gave Theseus to wife Ambacti among the ancient Gauls were those servants and dependants which belonged to their chief Nobility Ambage Lat. a far-fetch't circumstance of words Amber a hard yellow Gum of which they make beads and bracelets some think it to be the Gum of Poplar Trees others the juyce of a certain stone that grows like Corral Ambergreece a sweet perfume or Aromatick juyce which some hold to be a kinde of bitumen rising from Fountains in the bottom of the Sea and becoming hard by floating upon the water Ambâ—anum the Citie of Amiens in Picardie Ambidexter Lat. one that useth both hands alike also a Term in Common-law signifying a Juror that taketh of both parties for the giving of his verdict Ambient Lat. encircling compassing round an Epithete properly belonging to the aire Ambifarious Lat. that which hath a twofold meaning Ambiguous Lat. uncertain doubtfull †Ambilogy Lat. an obscure saying a dark speech Ambition Lat. an excessive thirst of honour Amblothridium a Medicine provoking travel before the time Amblygone Greek a Term in Geometry signifying a figure that hath a blunt or obtuse angle Ambracia a Citie of Epirus vulgarly called Lacta Ambresbury q. Ambrose his Town a Town scituate upon the River Avon in Wiltshire built by Ambrose Aurelian here Alfritha King Edgars wife erected a stately Nunnery to expiate the murther of her son in Law King Edward in this Nunnery afterwards Eleanor widow of K. Henry the third devoted her self to God An Ambrey a cup-board Ambrose the name of an ancient Bishop of Milain and one of the fathers the word signifieth in Greek Divine or immortal Ambrosia an Herb called Artimisia Wood sage it is a word often used by the Poets to signifie the meat of the Gods Ambulatory Lat. a place to walk in Amburbial sacrifices were certain ancient sacrifices wherein the beast went about the Citie before he was sacrificed Ambuscado Spanish an ambush or men secretly so disposed as to rush out upon an enemy unawares Ambustion Lat. a singing or burning round about Amen a Syriack word signifying verily or so be it and therefore it is used after every prayer Amenity Lat. delightfulnesse pleasure Amenused old word diminish't Amercement or Amerciament a Term in Law a penalty or pecuniary punishment set upon the head of an Offender against the King or Lord in his Court. America the fourth part of the world discovered about the year 1492. by Americus Vesputius a Florentine and Christophorus Columbus a Genoese Amery in Lat. Almaricus a proper name from the German word Emeric i. alwayes rich and powerfull An Amesse a Priests hood or Cap which he weareth in the Quire Amethyst Gr. a precious stone so called because it is said to represse drunkness Amiable Lat. lovely Amicable Lat. friendly Amict see Amesse Amy in Fr. Aime i. beloved a name common both for man and women from Amadeus by which name many of the Dukes of Savoy have been called Amission Lat. losse Ammodite a creeping insect of a sandy colour and full of black spots Ammoniac a kinde of Gum which is brought from Lybia near the Temple of Ammon also a kinde of Salt like Allum which is found in Africa Amnesty Greek a burying in silence and Oblivion all former injuries and dammages Amnios the second Tunicle that enwraps the birth and covers it all over Amoebean Greek Amoebean verses are those which answer one another Amorist a lover an amorous man Amoroso Ital. the same Amort French dead whence one that is melancholy or in a dumps is said to be all Amort Amortize to kill a word used by Chaucer Amotion Lat. a removing out of the way Ampelite a kinde of pitchy cleaving and black earth wherewith they use to anoint Vines to kill the worms Ampelusia a promontory in Mauritania Amphiaraus the son of Oileus he was a great Prophet who was desired by Adrastus to go to the War of Thebes but he knowing he should not return kept himself private till being betrayed by his wife Eriphile who was bribed with a golden bracelet he was forced to go but the first day he came to Thebes he was swallowed up alive by the earth Amphibious Greek living indifferently upon both Elements land and water Amphibologie Greek see Amphilogie Amphictions Greek the Councel of Greece consisting of men chosen out of the twelve chief Cities for the making of laws and deciding of all controversies It was instituted by Amphyction the son of Hellen or as others say by Acrisius Amphion the son of Jupiter and Antâ—ope who being married to Lycus and after vitiated by Epaphus was imprisoned by Lycus's 2. wife but being set at liberty by Jupiter she fled to the Hill Cytheron where she brought forth Twins Zethus and Amphion who to revenge their mothers injuries tormented Dirce by tying her to a wilde Bull 's tale but Bacchus pitying her changed her to a Fountain Amphion became so rare a Musician that he was said to build the Theban Walls by playing upon Mercuries Harp Amphiscians Greek those people that live under the Equator where the shadow 's are cast both wayes North and South Amphitheater a place made for the acting of stage-playes and publick spectacles differing from a common Theater as being more perfect and built in a full circle the other onely in a semicircle Amphitrite the daughter of Nereus and Doris the wife of Neptune she sitting at the foot of Atlas was brought to him by a Dolphin and made Queen of the Sea Amphitryo the son of Alceus Prince of Thebes who married Alcmena daughter of Electryon and Lysidice upon that condition that he should revenge the death of her brothers upon the Teleboans and Taphians but while he was in the War Jupiter coming to her in the likenesse of her husband and lying with her she brought forth Twins Hercules son to Jupiter Iphiclus to Amphitryo Amphiction a King of Athens the son of Deucalion he succeeded Cranaus in the Kingdom Amphora an ancient measure of liquid things the Italick Amphora contained five Gallons the Attick Amphora seven Gallons and a half Ampliation Lat. an enlargement also a deferring of judgement till the cause be better examined a word used in common-Common-law Amplification Lat. a making large or amplifying Amplitude Lat. largenesse also a Title of Honour used among the Latins Ampullous Lat. swelling like a bottle also puft up
Normandy where being detained he assured the Kingdom of England to Duke William Boss French a stud or knob Bosphorus the name of two seas so called from the passage of Jupiter over them in the shape of a Bull when he stole away Europa the one lieth near Constantinople and is called Bosphorus Thracius the other more northward and is called Bosphorus Cimmerius Botachidae a place of Tegea in Arcadia from Botachus the Nephew of Lycurgus Botanicall Greek belonging to herbs Botargo a kind of Saucedge from the Greek word Oa Taricha salted egges Bothna or Buthna a term used in the practick of Scotland signifying a Park where cattel are inclosed and fed Botin French a kind of boot or buskin Botolph a proper name signifying in the Saxon tongue helpful Bottom old word a blossom or bud Bovillae a Town near Rome where Claudius was slain by Milo Bovillon French a kind of boiled meat made of several ingredients A Boulter a seive to sift meal or flower Boun old word ready Bourchier contracted into Bowcer the name of a very great and ancient Family of this Nation stiled in Latin Records de burgo Chara whose chief seat in ancient times was Hausted a Town in Essex Bourd French to jest Bourges French a free Denison Bourn Dutch a head of a Spring or Fountain and those Towns that end in bourn as Sittinbourn c. are situated upon Bourns or Springs Bourrean French an Executioner Bourrough from the Dutch word Burgh a Town incorporate which is not a City whence Bourrough or Bourgomaster is the Bailiff Maior or Chief Ruler of a Town or Borrow Bourrough English or Burgh-English a term in law being a customary descent of land or tenements to the youngest son or brother A Bourser or Bouser French a Purse-bearer or Treasurer of a Colledge Boute-feu French an incendiary a sower of strife and sedition A Bow a Mathematical instrument to take heights The Bow of a Ship the fore part of it so called from the form A Bowge of Court a livery of bread and drink or other things of the Princes bounty over and above the ordinary allowance To bowlt a Cony term of hunting to start her out of any place where she lies Boxa a kind of drink made in Turky of a seed somewhat like mustard-seed Boy or Booy of an anchor Span. that which being tied to the Anchor swims uppon the water to give notice where the Anchor lies B R Brabantia the Dukedom of Brabant which is parted from Flanders by the River Scheldt it containes the Marchionate of the sacred Empire the Dukedom of Arsâ—hot the Earledomes of Hochstrat and Macklin Braccata Gallia that part of France wich is called Province Brace that which fastens beams in building also a Cable of a ship also a couple or pair from the French brace i. e. the armes Brachy-graphy Greek the Art of writing in Characters or short-writing Brackmans or Bramans a sect of Philosophers or Divines in India who live onely upon herbs and fruits Braggard or Braggadocio a bragging vain-glorious fellow Bragget a drink made of honey used in Wales it is derived from two Welch words Brag which signifies malt and Gots a honey-comb it is also a word used in Architecture signifying a stay cut out of stone or timber to bear up the Corbel Braid Albin otherwise called Albanie the most Nothren Country of Scotland commonly called the Highlands the highest part whereof is likewise called Drum Albin or Brun Albin Brake Dutch a snaffle for horses Brancher a young Hawk newly come out of the neast Brankursin see Bearesfoot Brand-iron a trevet an iron to set a pot upon Brandish French to make to shine with a gentle moving Branonium the ancient name of Wigornia or the City of Worcester Brant a bird called a Bargander or Soland-goose Brassets French armour for the armes Brast old word to break Brat old word a ragge Bravado Spanish a daring a making shew of an onset Bravery a going fine in cloths also a compleatnesse of behaviour Cleopatra Bravy old word a reward Brawders engraven work Brawl a kind of dance from the French word Bransler to move gently up and down Brayd old word to break out Brayed awoke arose also took Breck old word a bruise Brede old word a bredth also abroad Bredgen old word to abridge to shorten Breez a fresh gale or wind blowing off the sea by day Breetch a term in Gunnery the aftermost part of a gun Breme old word furiously also a kind of fish so called Brennus a Captain of the Gaules who overthrew the Romans at the River Albia and took Rome but was beaten out by Camillus afterwards he killed himself at Delphos Brent old word burnt Breve that which we call a writ is called in the practick of Scotland a Breve the several formes whereof will be seen in their order Breviary a compendious collection also a kind of Masse-book Breviloquence Lat. a short discourse a speaking in brief Brian French a shrill voice Briarius one of the Centimani and brother to Gyes and Caeus they were all three the sons of Vranus and Terra and were said each of them to have a hundred hands Bricolls certain Engins used in old time to batter the walls of Towns or Castles Bridgenorth a Town in Shropshire corruptedly so called for Burgmorf i. e. the Town near the Forrest of Morf it was built by Achelfleda Lady of the Mercians and walled by Robert de Belesm Earle of Shrewsbury who keeping the Town against King Henry the second was there besieged and taken A Brie or Brieze a kinde of fly called a horse fly or Gad-fly A Brief or Breve or Writ see Writ Brigade French a Term in Military Discipline a body of Souldiers consisting of three squadrons Brigandine French an ancient kinde of Armour with many plates and joynts like a Coat of Maile whence Brigand a foot Souldier so arm'd or a high-way Robber it signifieth also a kind of ship or Pinnace Brigantes the ancient name of those people that inhabited a great part of the North of England as York-shire Richmond-shire the Bishoprickrick of Durham Lancashire Cumberland and Westmorland Brig-bote or Brug-bote Dutch a contribution made toward the mending of Bridges also an exemption from that Tribute by a Charter from the King Brigidians an order of religious persons instituted by a Princesse of Suetia whose name was Brigidia there was also an Irish woman famous for sanctity who was called St. Brigit or Bride Brimstone a certain Mineral being the fat of the earth decocted unto his hardnesse Brionie a plant called otherwise white Vine Briseis the daughter of Brises she fell to Achilles his share at the taking of Lyrnessus and being afterwards taken from him by Agamemnon was the cause of his defection from the Grecian Army for a great while Britannia the name of this whole Island containing England and Scotland it is so called from the ancient name Brith i. painted and Tania which among the old Greeks
with winged Dragons through the air she sent him to teach mortals the use of corn whence she was adored as the Godesse of Agriculture Cerinthians a sort of Hereticks who held that Christ at his second coming should give to his people all carnal delights and pleasures they had their original in the year 97 from one Cerinthus Cerna an Island in the Aethiopick Sea where the North Pole is not seen by some thought to be the same with Madagascar Ceromatick Greek anointed with oil Cerones a certain people anciently inhabiting that part of Scotland which is now called Assinshire Cerote Greek a kind of sear-cloth or plaister A Certificate a writing made in any Court to give notice to another Court of any thing done therein Certification of Assize of novel disseâ—sin a Writ granted for the examining of a matter passed by Assize before the Justices and is called a Certification of new disseisin Certificando de recognitione stapulae a Writ directed to the Maior of the Staple taken before him in a case where the party himself refuseth to bring it in Certiorari is a Writ issuing out of the Chancery to an inferiour Court to call up the Records of a cause depending there upon complaint made by the bill that the party seeking the said Writ hath received hard dealing Cervine Lat. belonging to a hart also of a taâ—ny or hart-colour Ceruse Lat. white-lead refined out of the Mine used by Chyrurgians for ointments by painters for the painting of a white colour Cesata or Cesada a City of Spain between Emerita and Caesar-Augusta To Cespitate Lat. to stumble Cessation Lat. a leaving off a ceasing Cessavit a Writ lying upon this general ground where a man hath neglected to perform such service or to pay such rents as he is tied to by his tenure To Cesse from the Lat. Censere to leave off to be idle also to tax Cession Lat. a yeilding or giving place Cest Lat. a marriage-girdle which the Bride useth to wear and which is loosed by the Bridegroom the first night Cetaceous Lat. belonging to a Whale Ceus an Island where all men above 60 years old were commanded by the law to poison themselves that there might be no scarsity of provision for the rest C H Cha the leaf of a tree in China which being infused into water serves for their ordinary drink Chace French a warren also a term in the game at tennis Chafewax an officer in Chancery that fits the wax for the sealing of Writs and such other instruments as are thence to be sent out Chaffare a buying and selling from the Dutch word Kauffer a Buyer Chaffinch a kind of bird so called because it delighteth in chaff Chagrin French care heavinesse also a disease caused by melancholy Chaine the decimal chaine is an instument used in surveying made of round wire 16 foot in length Chaines is used by a figure called metonymie of the Adjunct for captivity and sometimes in an amorous sense Cleopat Chalcedon a Citie of Asia near Bosphorus Thracius it was built by the Megarenses who were called Caeci or blinde because they did not choose the other side where Constantinople stands Chalcographer Greek an ingraver in brasse Chaldaea a Countrey of Asia the greater bordering upon Arabia their chief Citie is Babylon and the people have ever been famous for Astrology and Magick Chaldron a certain measure of coales containing 36 bushels Chalice a holy vessel wherewith they had wont to sacrifice Challenge a Term in Common-law signifying an exception against persons or things as a prisoner may except against the partial impanelling of a Jury or against the insufficiency of the Jurors Chalons blankets or coverings Chalybeate Lat. of the temper or quality of Steel Chalybes a people of Asia the lesse dwelling upon the banks of Thermodoon Strabo calls them Chaldaeans they had great store of Iron Steel Mines whence some think Chalybs comes to signifie Steel A Chamber in gunnery is a charge made of brasse or iron to put in at the breech of a Murtherer Chamberdekins Irish beggars Chamberlain of a Citie is the chief keeper of the publick treasury from Camera or Chamber the place where the Treasury is kept there be also two Officers of this name in the K. Exchequer Chameleon see Cameleon Chamelot or Chamblet a kinde of water'd stuff mixed with Camels hair A Chamfer a word in Architecture being an artificial gutter or crevice made in a pillar Chamois or Chamoy a wilde Goat of whose skins they make Chamois leather Champernouns see Campernulphs Champerty French signifieth in Common-law the maintenance of a man in his suit depending on condition to have part of the Land or Goods when they are recovered Champion French one that fighteth in anothers behalf the Kings Champion is one who is to come armed on hors-back upon the Kings Coronation day and in the presence of the Nobles to challenge any who shall affirm the King not lawfull Heir to the Crown by this Tenure the Dimmocks hold a manner at Scrivelby in Lincolnshire Chananaea the holy land bounded on the East by Euphrates and the River Jordan on the West by Aegypt on the South by Arabia on the North by Libanus Chancellour from the Latin word Cancelli Latices with which in former time the judgement seats were compassed it is a title of honour given unto him who is the chief man next unto the Prince for matter of justice in civil affairs having power to moderate and temper the written Law according to equity also the Chancellour of the Exchequer is a supream Officer appointed to moderate the extreamities in Exchequer Chancery the Court of Equity Conscience moderating the severity of other Courts that are more strictly tied to the rigour of the Law the Officers belonging to this Court are the Lord Chancelour who is chief Judge twelve masters of the Chancery whereof the master of the Roll's is chief the Clerk of the Crown the six Clerks with many others Chanfron the name of an Italian coyn valuing about twenty pence A Chantepleur French he that singeth and weepeth together A Chanter he that singeth divine service in a Church or Chappel Chanticleer French a name often given to a Cock for its clear singing Chaonia the hilly part of Epirus which Helenus the son of Priamus so named from his brother Chaon whom he there slew against his will while he was a hunting Chaos Greek a confused indigested heap Chapin Spanish a high Cork-heel'd shooe Chaplain from Capella a Chappel he that dependeth upon the King or other great person for the instruction of him and his family Chaplet a wreath or Garland for the head from the Latin word Caput Chapter in the common and Canon-law signifieth a company of Clergy-men met together in a Cathedral conventual or collegiate Church and this company is a kinde of head to rule and govern the Diocesse in the vacation of the Bishoprick it is also a word of Architecture signifying the top
say that it was an English man who was slain Engonasin Greek the name of one of the heavenly constellations by which figur was represented Hercules kneeling In Latin it is called Ingeniculum or Nixus Engâ—scope Greek a certain Instrument whereby the proportion of the smallest things may be discerned Enhauncement French a raising the price of any thing Enigmatical see Aenigmatical Eniff Alpherary Ar. the yawning of Pegasus Enoch's pillars two pillars erected by Enoch the son of Seth the one of brick the other of stone whereupon were ingraven the whole Art of Astronomy Enneade Greek the number nine Enneagon Greek a Geometrical figure of nine Angles Enodation lat an unknotting a making plain Enormity from the Latin word Norma a rule and the praeposition E. It signifies irregularity unmeasurablenesse Enquest in Common law is the trial of causes both civil and criminal by the Jury Ensconce to entrench from the Dutch word Schantse a military Fortresse Ensiferous lat carrying a sword sword-bearing Ensign French an Escutcheon wherein are painted the Trophies of Honour or Armory of a Family also a military Banner Enstall from the Greek word Enstellein i. to adorn signifies to put upon a Throne to endow with a Robe of honour Entaile in Common law signifieth fee taile fee entailed or abridged Entangle quasi inter angulos ducere to ensnare to embroile Enteched old word defiled Entelechie Greek an inward soul or power to move and act Entendment French signifieth in Law the true meaning or sense of a word or sentence Enterfeire French to hit one against another to clash or skirmish Enterplead in Common Law is the discurssing of a point accidentally hapning before the principal cause have an end In the Civil Law it is called cognitio praejudicialis Enthusiasts see Enthysiasts Enthymem Greek an imperfect Syllogism wherein the Major or Minor proposition is to be understood Enthysiasts Greek a certain Sect of people which pretended to the Spirit and Revelations Entire entrance signifieth in Common law a sole possession in one man whereas several tenancy is a joynt or common possession Entire pertransient is in Heraldry a line which crosseth the middle of the shield and runs diametrically the longest way of her position Entire perngents are lines that run the longest way of the sheilds position without touching the Center Entity lat the having a being Entoire a term in Blazon when a bordure is charged with sorts of inanimate things except leaves fruits and flowers Entoxication a poisoning from the Hebrew word Toch i. poison Entrals bowels from the Greek word Entera Entreague Span. a making good again It is also taken for a Story which after many intangled passages is brought to a calme end Entreate old word to handle Entry in Common Law signifieth a taking possession of Lands or Tenements Entriked old word deceived Entrusion in Common Law signifieth a violent entrance into Lands or Tenements void of possession by him that hath no right unto them Entrusion de gard a Writ that lieth where the infant within age entreth into his Lands and holdeth his Lord out Entweyssel a fair house in Lancashire which gave name and habitation to an ancient so called Enucleation lat a taking out the kernel also the expounding of any difficult matter Envelope Span. to infold or inwrap Environ to compasse about from the French word Environ i. about Enumeration lat a numbering or counting Enunciation lat an uttering or pronouncing in Logick it is taken for a proposition which simply affirms or denies E P Epact the number by which the year of the Sun or solar year exceeds the year of the Moon or lunar year being the number 11. Epaminondas a great Captain of the Thebans who much weakned the strength of the Lacedaemonians by many great victories which he gained over them he died of a wound which he received at the battel of Mantinea Epanalepsis Greek a Rhetorical figure wherein the same word is oft times repeated Epatrides Greek certain Noble men among the Athenians Eparch Greek the chief Governour of a Province Epenthesis Greek a certain figure wherein a letter or syllable is put between any word Epha an Hebrew measure containing 9 Gallons Epheby Greek a young man between the age of 14. and 25. Ephemerides Greek Journals or Books wherein daily actions are registered also Astronomical calculations Ephesus the chief City of Ionia in Asia the Lesse famous for the Magnificent Temple of Diana built by one Ephesus the son of Caister who gave name to the City Ephialtes Greek a kind of disease called the Nightmare or Elf. Ephippiated Greek saddled Ephod a kind of brest-plate or priestly garment worn by the ancient Priests of the Jews Ephori Greek certain Magistrates among the ancient Lacedaemonians Epicedie Greek a certain mournful Song which used to be sung before the corps at a Funeral Epicoene lat one of both Sexes a word of the Epicoene Gender in Grammar is a word declined with both Genders Masculine and Faeminine Epicurean of the Sect of Epicurus a famous Philosopheer who held pleasure and absence of pain to be the chiefest good Epicycle Greek a term used in Astronomy signifying a lesser orb whose center is in the circumference of a greater whereby the irregular motion of some Planet is solved Epick poesie Greek is that which is written in Heroick Verse and is taken contradistinct to lyric Epidemical Greek Epidemie or Epidemical disease a disease universally catching Epigastrick Greek belonging to the Epigastrium or outward part of the belly which reacheth from the stomack to the navel Epiglottis Greek the weasel of the throat the little tongue which closeth the larinx Epigrams Greek short Poems upon several kinds of subjects Epigraph Greek an Inscription Epileptic Greek troubled with a certain disease called the Epilepsie which is a convulsion of the whole body whereby the sense and understanding is very much depraved Epilogue Greek a conclusion also a speech made at the end of a Play Epiphany Greek an appearing bright or shining also the Feast celebrated on the 12 day from Christs Nativity which was the day whereon the Star appeared in the East which conducted the Wise men Episcopal Greek belonging to a Bishop or Overseer Epistolary belonging to a Letter or Epistle which comes from the Greek word Epistellein to send Epistyle Greek a term of Architecture signifying the Chapiter of a pillar or Architrave Epitaph Greek that which is inscribed upon a Tomb or Sepulchre Epitasis Greek the buisie part of a Comedy before things are brought to their full state and vigour Epithalamy Greek a Nuptial Song or Poem which useth to be recited at Weddings in praise of the Bride and Bridegroom Epithemetical Greek belonging to an Epithem or liquid Medicine outwardly applyed to the body by a piece of Cotton or Scarlet Epithet Greek a word expressing the nature or quality of another word to which it is joyned Epitoge Greek a garment worn loose over another Epitome Greek a making short
August the first day of August otherwise called Lammas day in old Almanacks St. Peter ad Vincula it cometh from the French word Gueul i. e. a throat because on that day a certain maid having a disease in her throat was cured by kissing the Chains that St. Peter had been bound with at Rome Gulf or Gulph a streight passage between two Seas it comes from the Greek word Colpos Guloâ—ity lat gluttony Gultwit an old Saxon word signifying an amends for trespasse Gummilda the wife of Asmond King of Denmark she killed her self for grief that her husband had been slain in battel Gunora a Famous Norman Lady who flourished in Shropshire and Cheshire and held the Hamlet of Lanton in chief as of the honour of Mountgomery by the service of giving to the King a Barb'd-headed whensoever he should come into those parts to hunt in Cornedon Chace Gunwale a piece of Timber in a ship which reacheth from the half deck to the fore-castle on either side Gurgitation lat an ingulphing or swallowing up Gurnard a kinde of fish so called Gusset an abatement in Heraldry form'd of a Travers line drawn from the dexter chief and descending perpendicularly to the extream base parts or contrarywise Gust in Navigation is a sudden winde also taken by some for a stranger or guest Guttural lat belonging to the throat Guzes in Heraldry signifieth the ball of the eye Guy a proper name of men in Latin Guido from the French word Guide i. e. a leader or directour Guy a certain rope used in a ship to keep any thing from swinging in too fast G Y Gy old word a guide Gibbositie a bunchbacked the Moons 3. parts full of light Gyges a certain Lydian to whom Candaules the King having shown his wife naked she animated him to kill the King which he did by the help of a Ring which made him invisible and afterwards marrying her he made himself King Gymnasiarch Greek the chief governour of a Gymnase which is a place for all manner of exercise both of minde and body Gymnosophists Greek a Sect of Philosophers among the Indians who went naked living in desarts and feeding upon Herbs Gyndes a River not far from Euphrates which Cyrus besieging Babylon cut into 46 several Channels Gypsation lat a plaistering with Mortar Gyration lat a fetching a compasse from Gyre a great circle Gyron in Heraldry signifieth a quarter or half a Cube described by a Diagonal line Gysarme the same as Gisarme H A HAbberdasher one that sells a great many several wares from the Dutch words habt jhr das i. e. have you that Habeas Corpus a Writ which a man Indited before Justices of Peace and laid in prison may have out of the Kings bench to remove himself thither at his own charges Haberdepois see Averdupoise Habergeon a diminutive of Haubert see Haubert Habilement French cloathing also armour Hability lat an aptnesse or capacity Habit lat custome or use also the attire or cloathing of the body Habitation or Habitacle lat a dwelling a place of residence Habitual lat grown to a habit or custome Habitude lat the same as habit Hables French a haven or port Hachee or Hach French a certain French dish made of sliced meat Hadock a kinde of fish called a Cod-fish Hadrian the name of a great Roman Emperour who was so called from the Citie Hadria whence he deduced his original the word is derived by Gesner from the Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. grosse or wealthy Hadrianople Greek a Citie of Macedon in Greece Haemon a young man of Thebes who loving Antigone the daughter of Oedipus and Jocasta hearing that she was put to death by Creon he killed himself over her Tomb. Haemorrhagie Greek a violent bursting out of bloud Haemorrhoides Greek a certain disease called in English the Piles Haemus a great Mountain dividing Thessaly from Thrace at the foot of which are the fields of Tempe it was so called from Haemus the son of Boreas and Orithya Haerede abducto a Writ that lieth for him who having the Wardship of his Tenant under age hath him conveyed away from him by another Haeresie Greek a division in the Church caused by some erroneous opinion contrary to the fundamental points of religion Haesitation lat a sticking at any thing a doubting Haga a word used in some old Writs for a house Hagard French untam'd unruly also a Hagard Hawk is taken for a wilde Hawk Hagiographer Greek a writer of holy things Haggase a kinde of pudding made of Hogs flesh Haie from the French word Haye a kinde of Net to catch Conies which is commonly pitch'tunder hedges Haile a word of salutation from the Saxon word Heal i. e. health Haire is when a Masculine and Diurnal Planet in the day time the earth or a Feminine nocturnal Planet in the night time under the earth Haimhaldatio Catallorum signifieth in the practick of Scotland a seeking restitution for goods wrongfully taken away Haketon a Jacket without sleeves Chaucer Halbert a kinde of weapon called in Spanish Halabarda Halcyon a bird called a King-fisher which builds its Nest and breeds upon the Sea-shore about the winter â—olâ—tice for the space of fourteen dayes wherein the weather useth to be very calm whence by Metaphor peaceable and quiet times are called Halcyon dayes the Poets feign that Halcyon the wife of Caeyx was turned into this bird See Alcyon Haledon a place in Northumberland where Oswald King of that County in a great pitcht feild against the Brittish King Cedwall having erected a cross unto Christ obtained the victory and afterwards became a devout Christian. This place was in old times called Heavenfeild Half-merk or Noble a piece of coine valueing 6 shillings 8 pence Half-seal is taken for the sealing of Commissions unto delegates appointed by an appeal in Ecclesiastical or Maritime causes Halicarnassus the chief City of Caria where the famous Tomb of Mausolus was built by Queen Artemisia Halidome Saxon holy judgement whence By my Halidome used anciently to be a great oath among country people Halieuticks Greek books treating of the Art of fishing Halifax signifying in old English holy hair a Town in Yorkshire so called from a Maides head that had been cut off by a Priest of that place which being hung upon a yew-tree as a holy matter was had in great veneration by the people who gathering of the sprigs of the tree took it for her hair Halinitre Greek a kind of Mineral commonly called Saltpeter Hall a Ship to call to her to know whence she is and whither bound Hallage French a fee due for clothes brought for sale to Blackwell Hall or to the Lord of a Market for commodities vended there Hallelujah see Allelujah Hâ—llucination lat error or blindness of judgement Halm from the Hebrew word halam to shake the stalk of corn from the ear to the root Halsier a term in Navigation he that draws the Halser or Cable wherewith boats are
that cometh to a house Guest-wise and lieth there the third night after which he is accounted one of the family Hogoo a word vulgarly used for a high savour or taste it cometh from the French word Hautgoust Hogshead a measure oâ— wine containing the fourth part of a Tun. A Hogsteer a wilde Boar of three years old Hoker Sax. peevishnesse Holland one of the three parts into which Lincolnshire is divided from which the Earle of Holland deriveth his Title the other two are called Kestâ—ven and Lindsey Holm a certain Tree called otherwise a Hollie-tree also the same as Halm Holocaust Greek a burnt-offering or sacrifice laid whole on the Altar Holour old word a whore-monger Holsatia quasi Holt Sassia i. e. wooddy Germany Holtz signifying in Dutch wood it is a Countrey of Germany vulgarly called Holstein Homage the Oath that a Vassal or Tenant sweareth to his Lord also the Jury of a Court Baron consisting of such as owe Homage to the Lord of the Fee from the Greek word Omoo i. e. to swear Homer a famous Greek Poet called at first Melesigenes because he was born by the River Melete he writ a Poem concerning the wars of Troy which was called Ilias and another of the Travels of Vlisses called Odysseis He is called by some the Moeonian Prophet Homesoken or Hamsoken an immunity from an amerciament for entring into houses violently and without Licence it cometh from the Dutch words Heym a house and Suchen to seek Homicide lat Man-slaughter or Murder Homily Greek a Speech or Sermon Homoeomerie Greek a likenesse of parts Homogeneal Greek being of the same kinde Homologie Greek a confessing or agreeing Homonymous Greek things of several kindes having the same denomination a Term in Logick Honie-suckle a kinde of flowr otherwise called a wood-binde Honi sâ—it qui mal y Pense a common French Motto signifying in English blame be to him who thinketh ill Honour in Common-law is taken for the more noble sort of Seigneuries Honour-point in Heraldry is the upper part of an Escutcheon when the breadth thereof is divided into three equal parts Honorary lat done or conferred upon any one in token of honour Honorius the name of one of the Roman Emperours the son of Theodosius the first who divided the Empire between his two sons assigning to Arcadius the Eastern part to Theodosius the Western part Honymoon an expression commonly applied to new married people who loving violently at first soon cool in their affection Hope-Castle a Castle in Flimtshire to which King Edward the first retired when the Welsh-men set upon him unawares it is near Caergurle Castle Hophas a River that flowes by Haliartus a Citie of Boeotia formerly called Isomantus Hoplochrysme Greek 〈…〉 of weapons with the weapon 〈◊〉 Hoqueton French a 〈◊〉 of short Coat without sleeves Horae or the hours they were faigned by the Poets to be certain goddesses the daughters of Jupiter and Themis their names see in Hyginus Horary lat hourly Horatius Cocles a famous Roman who fighting against Pâ—rsenna King of the Hetrurians defended a bridge himself against all the enemies forces untill the bridge was cut down and after that he leapt into Tyber and swomme to his own people also Horatius Flaccus a famous Lyrick Poet of Venusium who was in high favour with Augustus and Mecaenas whence Horatio is a proper name frequent now adayes derived as some think from the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. of good eye-sight Hord Lat. a Cow great with Calf Horizontal Greek belonging to the Horizon i. e. that Circle which divides the upper Hemisphear or so much of the Heavens as we can see round about us from the lower Hemisphear or so much of the Heavens as is hid from our sight A Hornet a kinde of insect called in Latin Crabro which useth to infest horses and other creatures and is ingendred of the carcases of dead horses Horngeld a Tax within the Forrest to be paid for horned beasts it comes from horn and the Dutch word Gelden i. e. to pay Horodix Greek a kinde of Dial or instrument to shew how the hours passe aâ—way Horological Gr. belonging to a Horologe i. e. an Hour-glasse Clock or Dial. Horoscope Greek a diligent marking of hours also so much of the firmament as riseth every hour from the East also the Ascendent of ones Nativity or a diligent marking of the time of a Childes birth Horridity or Horrour lat frightfulnesse dreadfulnesse a quaking for fear Horseheal a kind of Herb otherwise called Elicampane Hortation lat an exhorting or perswading to any thing Horâ—ensius an eloquent Roman whose daughter Hortensia so pleaded her cause before the Triumvirs M. Antony Octavius and Lepidus that the great Tax was taken off which they had laid upon the people Hortyard a Garden-yard haply the same with Orchard Hosanna an Hebrew word signifying Save I beseech thee being a solemn acclamation used by the Jews in their Feasts of Tabernacles Hospitallers certain Knights of an Order so called because they had the care of Hospitals i. houses erected for the relief of Pilgrims and poor or impotent people Hostage French a pledge left in war for performance of Covenants Hosteler in Latin hospes or hostellarius a keeper of an Hostery or Inne an Host. Hostility lat hatred or enmity Hotchpot see Hodgepodge Hoten old word they promise Housage a fee that a Carryer or any one payes for setting up any stuff in a house House in Astrology is the twelf part of the Zodiack being divided into twelve equal parts Housebote Estovers out of the Lords wood to uphold a tenement or house from hous and the Dutch word bote a making good See Estovers Houton old word hollow The Howld of a ship the room betwixt the keilson and lower decks The Hownds the holes of the checks fastned to the head of the masts Howsel to administer the Sacrament to one that lyeth on his death-bed House-in is when a ship after she is past the breadth of her bearing is brought in narrow to her upper workes H U Hubba the name of a Danish Captain who in old times invaded this Island Hue and Cry in Common Law is a pursuite of one having committed felony by the highway by describing the party and giving notice to several Constables from one Town to another Hugh the proper name of a man signifying comfort Others derive it from the Dutch word Hougen to cut Huguenots a name which used to be given in derision to those of the reformed Religion in France from a gate in Tours called Hugon Others derive it from these words Huc nos venimus Hither we are come wherewith they begin their protestation Huik or Huke a kind of mantle used in Spain and Germany Hulk a kind of great and broad ship from the Greek word Olcas Hull a Town in Yorkshire situate upon the River Hull anciently called Kingston q. Kings Town upon Hull It being built by King Edward the first and beautified with
dutch word Iskekel a tappe of ice a drop of water frozen Isis a goddesse worshipped by the Egyptians she was at first called Io and was the daughter of Inachus King of Argos see Io. Isis the river Ouse in Wiltshire which meeting with Thames is called Thamisis Islip a Town in Oxfordshire anciently called Gistlipe famous for being the birth-place of King Edward the Confessour Ismaelite one descended from Ismael the son of Abraham by his Concubin Agar Isonomy Greek an equality Isoceles Triangle in Geometry is that which hath two equal sides and two equal opposite Angles Isota de Nugarolis a Virgin of Verona the daughter of Antonius de Nugarolis she was very famous for Philosophy Philology and Poetry Isped old word dispatched Israel Hebrew prevailing in the Lord. Issue in Common law signifieth either children begotten between a man and his wife or the profits of lands or the profits growing from a fine or a matter depending in suit whereupon the parties joyn Isthme Greek a narrow neck of land lying between two seas the most famous Isthmus is that of Greece whereupon Corinth stands from thence were denominated the Isthmian Games instituted by Theseus in honour of Neptune Istria a Country of Italy joyning to Illyricum Isurium Brigantum the name of an ancient City in York-shire so called from the River Vre running by it It was many ages since rased to the ground but out of the ruines of it was built a Town now called Ealdburgh or Aldborow I T Italia or Italie one of the most famous Countries of Europe so called from Italus otherwise called Atlas an ancient King thereof who had two daughters Electra whom he marryed to Camboblasco King of the Janigenae and Roma whom he made Queen of the Aborigenes she is said to have laid the foundation of the City Rome which was afterwards finished by Romulus others derive Italy from the Greek word Italos an Ox because that Country abounded with Oxen it was anciently called Hesperia from Hesperus the brother of Atlas To Italianize a made word signifying to speak or do like an Italian Iteration lat a saying or doing the same thing over again a repeating Ithaca an Island in the Ionian sea where Vlisses was born it is full of Goats but no Hare can live there Itinerary lat belonging to a journy also substantially used for a Calender of miles or a note-book wherein are set down the passages of a journy Itylus the son of Zethus and Aedon see Aedon Itys the son of Tereus King of Thrace by Progne the daughter of Pandion King of Athens he was slain by his mother and set before Tereus to eat at a banquet because he had deflowred her sister Philomel who after her hands and tongue were cut off wrought the relation of it with her needle but Tereus discovering in the midst of the banquet the slaughter of Itys by seeing the head of the child he pursued Progne and her sister with his sword drawn who running from him Progne was changed into a swallow Philomell into a Nighingale and Itys into a Pheasant J U Juba a King of Mauritania he was a constant friend to Pompey's party he overthrew Curio and all his forces sent into Africa by Caesar when Pompey was overcome he joyned his forces with Scipio and dyed fighting with Petreius Jubarb q. barba jovis because of its perpetual greennesse a kind of plant otherwise called Housleek Jubeb fruit or Jujubes Arab. zufalzef a kind of Pruan used much in Physick and sold by Apothecaries it was a fruit known among the Seres a people of Scythia and therefore called in Latin Sericum Jubilation lat a solemn rejoycing a shouting for joy A year of Jubile a great festival or time of rejoycing celebrated every 50th year by the Jews in remembrance of their deliverance from Egypt it came at length to be solemnized among the Christians being first instituted by Pope Boniface the eighth in the year 1300 who ordained it to be kept every hundred years it comes from the Hebrew word Jocel rejoycing Jucundity lat pleasantnesse Judea a Country of Syria in Asia the greater bordering eastward upon the dead sea it is also called Chananaea or the land of Promise Judaisme lat the faith or religion of the Jews Judicatory lat a place of Judgement or hearing of causes Judicial or Judiciary lat belonging to a cause tryal or judgement Judith Hebr. praising a proper name of women Ivetot a Town of lower Normandy in France which hath in former times been governed by a titular King whence a man of a great Title and a small inheritance is in derision called a King of Ivetot Jugal lat belonging to a yoak Jugament lat a yoaking or coupling Jugular or Jugularie lat belonging to the throat whence the jugular veins are those veins which ascend along the sides of the neck to the bottom of the head Jugulation lat a cutting the throat of any one a killing Jugurth the son of Manostabales brother of Micipsa King of Numidia whom his Uncle dying constituted heir of his kingdom together with his two sons Adherbal and Hiemsal but Jugurth that he might possesse the Kingdom to himself slew them both whereupon the Romans made war upon him for a long time wherein at length being overthrown by Marius he fled to Bocchus King of Mauritania by whom he was betrayed to Sylla and being brought to Rome dyed in prison Jujubes see Jubeb fruit To Juke to pearch or roost as a Hawk Julep a kind of physical medecine to open the inward parts and prepare for purgation being a decoction mingled with sirrups or sweetned with sugar Jullaber a certain hillock in Kent so called from one Jullaber a Giant or as some say a Witch who was here enterred but Cambden rather thinks it so named from Laberius Durus a Captain of Julius Caesars who was here slain Julian sirnamed the Apostate because that being brought up in the Christian religion he fell back to Heathenisme he was the son of Constantius and by his valour came to be made Roman Emperour he prohibited to the Christians all kind of learning that through their ignorance they might become uncapable to defend their religion at last in an expedition against the Persians being mortally wounded he cryed out vicisti Galilaee Thou hast overcome O Galilaean meaning Christ and soon after dyed also a proper name of women contracted Juliana some write it Gilian Julian account see Gregorian account Julio a kind of Italian coin made by Pope Julius valuing about six pence of our mony Julius Caesar the first of the Roman Emperours he subdued France Spain Brittain the Low Countries and the greatest part of Germany afterwards he entred into a civil war with Pompey whom he utterly defeated at the battle of Pharsalia and his two sons Cneus and Sextus Pompeius in Spain and having reigned three years in Rome as absolute Emperour he was at length slain in the Senate house by Brutus and Cassius the
ancient Brittish name from Mad i. good Madrigal Ital. a kind of Song Maeonia see Lydia Maeotis a Lake in the North part of Scythia near the mouth of the River Phasis It is called by the Italians Mar della Tana and Mar Bianco by the Scythians Garpaluc Magazine French a Store-house where Armes and Ammunition of War are put as it were Mansio Gazae Magdalen Hebr. Majestical the Christian name of divers women Magdalen Colledge a Colledge in Oxford built together with a Hall near adjoyning to it by William Wainâ—let Bishop of Winchester Magdaleon lat a kind of long plaister like a rowler called also a Langate Magdeburgum or Magdeburg as it were Maidenburg from the Dutch word Magd i. a Maid the chief City of Saxony in Germany heretofore called Parthenopolis from Venus Parthenia who was there worshipped Magician lat one that professeth the Art Magick which was the same among the Persians as Philosophy among the Grecians i. e. the study of the more occult and mysterious Arts whence the 3 Wisemen of the East were called Magi but among the vulgar the word simply taken is used in the same signification as Diabolical Magick i. e. Sorcery or Witchcraft Magisterial lat pertaining to Magistery or Mastership done by or like a Master in Physick a pill or plaister c. prepared after the best manner is called Magisterial Magistracy lat the office of a Magistrate or chief Ruler Magna charta the great Charter containing a number of Laws ordained in the nineth year of Henry the third and confirmed by Edward the first containing the sum of all the written Laws of England †Magnality a greatnesse to be admired at being a made word from the Lat. Magnalia i. e. great and wonderfull things Magnanimity lat greatnesse of mind courage stoutnesse Magnes a youth of Smyrna the most beautiful of his age and excellent in musick and poetry for which he was in high esteem with Gyges King of Lydia who because the Parents of Magnes spoiled his cloths and cut off his hair made war upon the Country overcame them and brought away Magnes in Triumph to Sardes Magnetick lat belonging to the Magnete or Lodestone See Lodestone Magnificence lat as it were a making great sumptuousnesse statelinesse a carrying things on at a great heighth Magnificat the Song of the Virgin Mary so called because it beginneth with these words Magnificat anima mea c. Magnifico Ital. the title of a Noble man of Venus also the Governours of Academies in Germany are called Magnifici Magniloquence lat a lofty speaking a talking of high things Magnitude lat greatness ampleness largeness Mago the first that increased the wealth of Carthage before the first Punick war he aided the Romans in the war of Tarentum with 120 ships Magog see Gog and Magog Magonel according to Chaucer is an instrument to cast stones with Mahim or Maim in Latin Mahemium is the hurting or taking away of any member by the wrongful act of another whereby the party so hurt is made unable to fight it comes from the old French word Mehaighn and is called by the Canonists Mutilatio membri Mahumetanisme the Religion and Law of the Turks founded by Mahomet the first Emperour of the Saracens there was also of this name a great Emperour of the Turks who overthrew the Greek Empire took twelve Kingdomes and two hundred Cities from the Christians whereof the chief were Constantinople the Island Chalcis Scodra Trapezuntium and Hydruntum in Italie but at the siedge of Belgrade or as some say of Taurinum he was overthrown and put to flight Maia one of the seven Pleiades on whom Jupiter begat Mercury she was the daughter of Atlas and Pleione Maid Marrian or Morion a boy dressed in womans apparel to dance the Morisco or Mâ—rrisdance Maiden-hair a kinde of plant called in Latin Adiantum or Capillus veneris Maidenhead a Town in Bark-shire so called from a Maids head that was had in great reverence being one of those 11000. who returning from Rome with their Leader Vrsula were taken by Attila and martyred at Colein in Germany Maidstone a pleasant Town in Kent situate upon the River Medway and therefore anciently called Medweg-ston and thought to be the same with the old Town Vagniacae Maim see Mahim Mainour Manour or Meinour from the French word Maniere signifieth in Common-law an apprehending of one that hath stollen any thing and is followed with Hue and Cry with the manner that is having the thing Mainprise from the French words main i. a hand and prins i. taken signifieth in Common Law the receiving a man into friendly custody that otherwise might be committed to prison giving security for his forth comming at a day assigned those that do thus undertake for any are called Mainpernours he that is taken into custody Mainpernable Maint Saxon mingled Maintenance in Common Law is upholding of a cause depending in suite between others either by lending of money or making of friends for either party Majo a County of Ireland in the Province of Conaught Major signifieth in Latin greater but with us it is commonly taken sometimes for a Praetor or Governour of a City sometimes for a Military officer also in Logick the first part of a Syllogisme is called the Major or the proposition the second the Minor or the assumption Majoration lat a making greater Maisnilwarings and by contraction Manwarings the name of a great and ancient Family in Cheshire Master of the Rolles is an assistant unto the Lord Chancelour of England in the high Court of Chancery and in his absence heareth causes and giveth orders Maisters of the Chancery are assistants to the Lord Keeper of the Great Seal in matters of judgement of these there are 12 in number whereof the chief is the Master of the Rolles Masters of the Court of Wards and Liveries the principal officer of that Court named and assigned by the King to whose custody the Seal of the Court is committed Master of the Horse is he that hath the rule and charge of the Kings stable Make in Common Law signifieth to perform or execute as to make his Law is to perform that Law which he hath formerly bound himself unto that is to clear himself of an action commenced against him by his Oath and the Oaths of his Neighbours also to make ones beard an old phrase to deceive Malachias Hebr. my messenger Malachite Greek a kinde of precious stone so called Malacissation a kneading a making soft Malacy Greek a calm on the Sea also a longing of women with childe Maladie French a disease sicknesse or infirmity Malaga a Citie and Port-Town of Andalusia whence we have that sort of wine which is called Malago Sack it is said to have been so called because Cava the daughter of Count Julian after that her being ravish't by King Roderigo had been the occasion of the losse of Spain to the Moors threw her self from a high Tower crying out Malacà i.
mountains from the Greek word Nape i. a wood Napthe lat a kind of sulphureous substance called Median oile or Babylonish bitumen Narcissus a youth of great beauty the son of Cephisus and Liriope of whom the Prophet Tyresias foretold that he should live so long as he should abstain from beholding himself he being beloved of many Nimphs and especially of Echo was insensible to all their loves at length coming to drink of a clear Fountain and beholding his image in the water he fell in love with it and seeing no hopes of injoying it he pined away for grief and was changed into a Flower of the same name vulgarly called a white Daffadilly and Echo seeing her self despised likewise pined away and was changed into a voice Also the name of a Bishop of Jerusalem who when oil was wanting at Divine service for the Lamps by his prayers turned water into oil Narcotique Greek of a stupefying and benumming quality whence divers things which are used in physick to that end are called Narcotic Medicines Nares a term in Faulconry the holes in the Hawks beake A Narration or Narrative lat a report discourse or relation of any thing Narses an Eunuch who being General of the Emperour Justinians Army in Italy after Belizarius performed very great service against the Goths but at last being affronted by Sophia the Empresse he called in the Lombards into Italy †Nasicornous a made word which signifieth having a horn upon the nose from the Latin Nasus i. a nose and Cornu i. a horn Natalitious lat belonging to ones nativity or birth-day Natation lat a swimming Nathaniel a proper name signifying in Hebr. the gift of God Nativity lat the birth or first entrance into the World Nativo habendo a Writ for the apprehending and restoring to a Lord his villain claimed as his inheritance who in Common Law is called Nief Naturalist lat one that understandeth natural causes a natural Philosopher Naturalization lat an admitting of strangers into the number of Natural Subjects Naval lat belonging to a Ship or Navy To Naucifie lat to set at naught The Nave of a wheele the middle or that part into which axeltree is put Naufrage lat shipwrack losse at sea See Wreck Navicular lat belonging to ships Navigable lat passable by ships Navigation lat a sailing also the Art of Seafaring the knowledge of Sea-affairs Navity lat diligence stirringnesse Naulage French the fraight or passage money for going over the Sea or any River Naumachy Greek a fighting at sea a sea battle Nauplius the son of Neptune and Amymone the daughter of Danaus he was King of Eubaea and father of Palamedes who being by the means of Vlisses stoned to death Nauplius in revenge made a great fire upon the Mountain Caphareus which the Greek Navy taking to be the light of some near Harbour sailed so near that they were cast away upon the rocks Nauseous or Nauseative lat going against ones stomack making one ready to vomit Nausicae the daughter of Alcinous and Arete she going out of the City one night with her maid-servants to bath her met with Vlisses who was shipwrack't upon that shore and almost naked whom she brought to her fathers Palace gave him cloths and entertained him with a great deal of respect Naustible lat a Haven for ships Nautical or Nautic lat belonging to Mariners or to Ships Naxos one of the Cyclades Islands in the Aegean anciently called Strongyle and Dia in this Island Ariadne being left by Theseus married Bacchus Nazal French the nose-piece of a Helmet Nâ—zarites Hebr. a sort of Jews who separated themselves from all others and vowed themselves to God for a certain time in which they abstained from wine and suffered their hair to grow also the Disciples were called Nazarites from Nazareth the place where Christ was born N E Neades a certain kind of beast whose bones are of a miraculous greatnesse Neaera the name of a very fair Nimph who being got with child by Phaebus brought forth two daughters Lampetia and Phaethusa who kept the flocks of their father the Sun in Sicily many of which were killed by the companions of Vlisses for which they were cast away at sea Neale-too in Navigation is when it is deep water close to the shore Neapolis the City of Naples situate in Campania in Italy upon the Mediterranean Sea-side it was built first of all by the Citizens of Cuma and called Parthenope from the name of one of the Syrens who was there buried afterwards it was destroyed then rebuilt and called Neapolis which in Greek signifieth the new City from this City the Kingdom of Naples takes its denomination containing all those Countries of Italy which are called Campania Apulia Lucania Magna Graecia and part of Latium Neap-tides those smaller tides which happen 7 dayes after the change and 7 dayes after the full of the Moon whereas the greater tides which happen 7 dayes before the change and full are called Spring-tides Neat from the Dutch Nieten i. to but an Oxe Cow or Stear Nebule a term in Heraldry bearing a representation of the clouds Nebulous lat misty foggy cloudy Necromancy Greek a divination by calling up deceased bodies also the black art or any kinde of conjuration by dealing with the Devil or evil spirits Nectarean Greek pleasant immortal from Nectar i. a certain pleasant drink which the Poets faign to have been the drink of the Gods and that whosoever drunk of it would become immortal Nefandous lat hainous horrible not to be mentioned Nefarious lat very wicked abominable Negative lat denying or gainsaying Negative pregnant in Common-law is when a man being impleaded to have done a thing upon such a day denies that he did it after the manner and form declared Negotiation lat a merchandizing trafficking or mannaging of affairs Negro Ital. a black-more Neif see Nativo habendo Nemoea a certain wooddy Countrey of Achaia between Cleonae and Phlius here it was that Hercules slew a Lyon of a Monstrous bignesse which from the place was called the Nemaeâ—n Lyon in remembrance of which exploit he instituted certain games called also Nemaean games Nemesis the goddesse of reward and revenge and the daughter of Jupiter and Necessity she was also called Adrastia and Rhamnusia and placed by the Aegyptians above the Moon Nemoral or Nemorous lat belonging to woods wooddy shaded with trees Nenuphar Arab. a certain flower commonly called a water-lilly Neogamist Greek one newly married Neophyte Greek a plant newly set or planted also metaphorically one newly entred into any profession or one newly converted to the Faith Neoterical or Neoterique Greek new or of a late time Nepenthe a certain herb mentioned by Pliny which being put into wine expeleth sadnesse Some think it to be the same with Buglosse Nephglian Crookhorn is Aries Nephritick Greek troubled with a disease which causeth a pain in the reines of the back Nepotation lat riotousnesse or luxury Neptune the son of
Polybius King of Corinth and bred up by the Queen as her own son when he came to age he unfolded the riddle of Sphnix slew his father and married his mother See Creon and Jocasta Oenâ—maus see Pelops Oenopolist Greek one that sells wine a Vintner O F Offertory lat a part of the Masse also a place where offerings are kept An Official lat is used in the Canon Law for him to whom any Bishop doth commit the charge of his spiritual jurisdiction Officine lat a shop or workhouse Officious lat dutiful or serviceable Offton a Town in Suffolk so nam'd from Offa King of the Mercians as it were Offa's Town Offuscation lat a shadowing a making dark or dusky O G Ogdastick Greek an Epigram or a Stanza consisting of 8 verses Ogive or Ogee French a wreath circlet or round band in Architecture Ogyges an ancient King of Boeotia who built the City of Thebes in his time hapned a very great flood called the Ogygian flood bigger than that of Deucalion but lesse than Noahs Flood O I Oisterloit a certain herb otherwise called snakeweed in Latin Bistorta O K Oker a colour used in painting whereof are several kinds Oker de lace or yellow Oker burnt Oker and brown Oker O L Oleaginous lat belonging to an Olive-tree Oleander a certain shrub called Rose-bay in Greek Rododendron or Rododaphne Oleity lat the time of gathering Olives also oilynesse Olfactâ—ry lat belonging to the sense of smelling Olicana the ancient name of a Town in Yorkshire re-edified by Virius Lupus then Propretor in Brittain and is thought to have been the same with that which is now called Ilkely Olidous lat rank-smelling having a strong savour Oligarchy Greek the government of a Common wealth by a few Olivaster lat of an olive colour also a wild olive-tree Oliver the proper name of a man derived from the peace-bringing Olive as Daphnis from the Laurel Oliviferous lat olive-bearing bringing forth Olives Olivity see Oleity Olla podrida Span. a hotchpot or dish of meat consisting of several ingredients being somewhat like that which the French call a Bisque Olympia a City of Greece near unto which were solemnized the great Games instituted by Hercules in honour of Jupiter they were from the name of this City called the Olympian Games and were celebrated every fifth year which space was observed as an Epoch of time by the Greeks and called an Olympiad Olympias the Christian name of divers women so called from Olympus Olympus a hill in that part of Thessaly that lieth against Macedon the top of this hill toucheth the clouds and therefore it hath been taken by the Poets for Heaven or the seat of the gods Olynthus a City of Thrace which Philip of Macedon won from the Athenians by corrupting the souldiers with money Olysippo the chief City of Portugal vulgarly called Lisbon O M Ombrage French a shadow also a colour or pretence Omega Greek the last letter in the Greek Alphabet It is also used metaphorically for the end of any thing Omelet French a pancake or froise Ominous lat portending good or ill luck but most commonly it is taken in the worst sense Omission lat a neglecting or letting a thing passe Omnifarious lat divers sundry of all sorts Omniparent lat bearing or bringing forth all things Omnipotent lat all mighty all-powerfull Omnipresent lat present in all places Omniscious or Omniscient lat knowing all things Omnivagant lat wandring every where or in all places Omnivâ—rous lat eating or devouring all kind of things Omology Greek agreeablenesse or proportion also a confession Omphale a Queen of Lydia by whom Hercules was highly rewarded for killing a great Serpent upon the River Sangaris and afterwards he falling in love with her and desiring to be intertained in her service she compelled him to sit and spin while she leaving her distaff put on his armes and Lions skin others say that he was sold to her by Mercury at the command of Jupiter for having slain Iphitus the son of Euritus O N Onagre lat a wild asse also a certain Engin used by the Ancients out of which they used to shoot great stones Onerary lat serving for burthen or carriage Oneration lat a loading or burthenning Onomancy lat a divination by names also a repeating of many names by the Art of memory Onomatopy Greek the faining of a name from any kind of sound as Bombarda i. a Gun from the sounding of bom Onpresse old word downward Onyx a certain pretious Stone so called from the Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. a naile of a mans hand because it is of a kind of whitish colour resembling the colour of a mans naile Some say it is the congealed juyce of a Tree called Onycha it is also called a Chalcedonie O P Opacous lat shady obscure darkned Opal Greek a precious stone of divers colours yellowish green and purple Opening of Gates is when a Planet applies it self to another who ruleth the figure opposite to his house or when one Planet separates from another and applies immediately to one that hath dominion by house in the signe opposite to these ruled by the Planet with whom it was joyned either by body or aspect Opera a kinde of Dramatick Poem in use among the Italians performed by voyces and instrumental Musick in a recitative stile and adorned with Scenes by Perspective Operation lat a working or labouring Operiment lat a covering Operosity lat busie work great pain or travel Ophthalmy Greek a certain disease of the eye rising from an inflammation of the uttermost skin of the eye called Adnata Ophites lat a kinde of marble variegated like a Serpent Ophiuchus a constellation in Sagittary Ophiusa an Island in the Balearick Sea so called from the abundance of Serpents which are in it An Opiate lat a confection of Opium i. the juyce of black Poppy which is used to cause sleep or asswage excessive pain Opiferous lat bringing aid help or succour Opifice lat workmanship Opimous lat fat or grosse also rich or plentifull Opination lat a thinking or supposing Opiniatrecy French opiniativenesse obstinacy a wilfull persisting in any opinion Opisthograph Greek a book or paper written upon on the back-side Opitulation lat a helping or aiding Opobalsame Greek the gumme or liquor that distilleth from the Balm-tree Oppication lat a covering over with pitch Oppignoration lat a pawning or laying inpledge Oppilation lat an obstruction or stoppage in the inward parts Oppletion lat a filling up An Opponent lat a withstander or contradicter one that maintaineth a contrary argument in the Schools to what is generally held Opportune lat fit seasonable convenient whence opportunity due time or season Opposite lat contrary or over-against also opposites substantively used signifie in Logick things relatively opposed as master and servant or privately as light and darknesse or contraries as knowledge and ignorance Opposition lat a contrary setting against also a resisting in
Astrology it is when two Planets are in houses opposite to one another it is 180. d. distance or six signes and is thus Charactered o o. Opprobrious lat reproachfull upbraiding or reviling Oppugnation lat a fighting against an assalting or laying siege unto also a violent opposing Ops the daughter of Coelus and Vesta the wife and sister of Saturn Opsimathie Greek a learning late Opsonation lat a catering a purveying or buying of meat Optation lat a wishing desiring or looking for Ophthalmie Greek a certain disease in the eye occasioned by the inflammation of the annate Tunicle Optick Greek belonging to the sight also substantively used for that science whereby the reason of sight is known Optimacie lat a governing of the Common-wealth by the Nobler sort of persons Option lat election choice wish or desire Opulencie lat riches wealth plenty Opuscle lat a little work or labour O R Or French a Term in Heraldry expressing the colour of Gold Orache or Orage a certain Pot-herb of an insipid taste called in Latin Atriplex Oracle lat an answer or Counsel given by God a foretelling of things to come by Divine revelation a saying whose truth is unquestionable Oracles were anciently very frequent among the Gentiles but they all ceast immediately after the coming of Christ. Oral lat belonging to the mouth face or visage Oration lat a praying also a speech Oratory lat eloquence also a Chappel or place dedicated to prayer Oratorians an Order of Fryars so called from the Oratory of St. Hierom in Rome where they used to pray they were instituted by St. Philip Nerius a Florentine Orbation lat a bereaving depriving or making desolate Orbe a body contained under one round superficies those Orbs that belong to the coelestial firmament are either with or without Stars that without Stars is the primum mobile the other are all stellified either with fixed Stars or Planets Orbicular lat round in fashion of a Ball or Globe Orbity lat the lack of Parents or Children generally any want Orbona a certain goddesse among the ancient Romans to whom Parents or Children used to pray against Orbity Orcades certain Islands in the Brittish Ocean thirty in number vulgarly called the Isles of Orkeney An Orch or Ork. a monstrous fish vulgarly called a whirle-pool also a Butt for wine or figs. Orchall see Corck Orchamus see Leucothoe Orchanet Arab. Alcanet a certain Herb called in Spanish Buglosse or wilde Buglosse in Greek Anchusa Orchel or Orchal a certain stone like Allum wherewith Dyers use to colour red in some old Statutes it seemeth to be the same thing with Cork Orchester Greek that part of the Scene in a Theater where the Chorus useth to dance it is also sometimes taken for the place where the Musicians sit Orcus a River of Thessaly flowing out of the Lake Styx whose waters are so thick that they swim like Oyl upon the top of the River Peneus into which it flows it is oft times taken by the Poets for Hell Ordeal a Sax. word signifying judgement a kinde of purgation practised in ancient times whereby the party purged was judged free from Crime it is called in Common-law purgatio vulgaris of this purgation there are several kindes as Camp-fight wherein he that overcame in single Combat was judged to have the right on his side Fire-Ordeal i. a passing blindfold with bare feet over red hot plough-shares and Water-Ordeal i. e. a putting ones arms up to the elbows in seething water Ordinary lat in the Civil-law signifieth any judge that hath authority to take knowledge of causes in his own right as he is a Magistrate and not by deputation in common-Common-law it is usually taken for him that hath ordinary Jurisdiction in Causes Ecclesiastical also in Heraldry Ordinaries are those charges that by a certain property do belong to that art and are of ordinary use therein they are also called proper charges Oreads Greek Nymphs of the Mountains Oredelf ore lying under ground also a liberty whereby a man claims the ore found in his own ground Oreford a Town in Suffolk where in the reign of King Henry the second a certain hairy creature perfectly resembling a man in all parts and proportions was taken out of the Sea by fisher-men in a Net who after he had been kept awhile secretly slipt away into the Sea and was never seen after this Ralph Cogeshall an old Writer recordeth Orestes the son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra he was preserved from Aegisthus by his sister Electra and sent to Strophius King of the Phocences where he remained twelve years after which returning disguised to Argos he slew Aegysthus who had murthered his father Agamemnon together with his mother Clytemnaestra with whom Aegysthus had lived in adultery he also with the help of Macarus the Priest slew Pyrrhus in the temple of Apollo because he had taken away Hermione the daughter of Menelaus who had been first espoused to him for which crimes being strucken with madness he was cured at the Altar of Diana being brought thither by Pylades who was so faithfull a friend to him that when Thoas King of Taurica had designed to sacrifice Orestes he affirmed himself to be Orestes that he might die for his friend but Orestes slaying Thoas freed both himself and Pylades with the help of his sister Iphigeneia who had been made the over-seer of those sacrifices at last he was bitten by a Viper in Arcadia at a place called Orestion of which wound he died and his body being digged up was found to be seven Cubits in length Orewood a kinde of Sea-weed Orfgild a restitution made by the hundred or County of any wrong done by one that was in Plegio Orfraies French a certain frisled Cloath of Gold much worn heretofore in England both by the Clergy and Kings themselves Orgal the lees of wine dried used by Dyers Organical Greek belonging to or consisting of Organes i. instruments also the substantial parts or Members of the body Organie a kinde of Herb growing much upon the Mountains called in Latin Origanum Orgeis a word used in some old Statutes signifying the greater sort of North-sea fish Orgies lat certain feasts and revels instituted by Orpheus to the honour of Bacchus Orial Colledge a Colledge in Oxford built by King Edward the second Oriental lat belonging to the Orient i. the East or that part of the world where the sun riseth Orifice lat the mouth or utmost brim of any thing the outward hole of a wound Oriflambe French the great and holy Standard of France having on the top a purple Flag or Ensign born at first onely in the wars against infidels Original lat a beginning or fountain also a stock or pedigree also a first draught Orisons French prayers Orion the name of a great hunter who vaunting himself to be of that strength of body that there was no wilde beast that he could not kill the earth brought forth a Scorpion which stinging him
Arcadia she as she went a hunting one day with Diana was got with child by Mars and after she had brought forth twins she cast them into the River Erymanthâ—s who being a little after found by the Shepherd Tyliphus sucking a she Woolf they were brought up by Tyliphus and being called Lycastus and Parrhasius succeeded in the Kingdom of Arcadia Philosâ—phical Greek belonging to a Philosopher or Philosophy i. the love and study of wisdom knowledge of natural causes Philotimy Greek the love of honour Philtre Greek a potion powder or any kind of Medicine procuring love Philyra the daughter of Oceanus with whom Saturn lying in the shape of a horse begat the Centaur Chiron who being wounded with one of the arrows of Hercules that had been dipt in Lernaean poison wished to die but being immortal was placed among the heavenly Signs and called Sagitarius Phineus the son of Agenor or as others say of Phoenix and Cassiopaea he was King of Thrace and had by his first wife Cleopatra Orythus and Crambus whose eyes he put out at the perswasion of his second wife Harpalice the sister of Zethes and Calais for which he was strucken blind himself and the Harpyes were sent against him who continually defiled his meat as it came to his table but at last they were driven by Zethes and Calais into the Strophades Islands and Phineus himself was killed by Hercules after he understood that the children were blinded without a cause Phlebotomy Greek a cutting of a veine a letting blood Phlegmatick Greek full of phlegm or fleam i. one of the four humours of the body being cold and moist Phlegmon Greek a hot and red swelling of the body caused by an inflammation of the blood Phlegraean fields certain fields of Thessaly where the Gyants fought against the gods Phlegyas son of Mars and King of the Lapitheans in Thessaly he was the father of Ixion and the Nimph Coronis who being ravisht by Apollo Phlegyas in revenge burnt his Temple for which being cast into Hell he remained in continual fear of the falling of a great stone which hung over his head Phoebus the son of Jupiter and Latona born at the same birth with Diana he is also called Apollo and Sol. Phoenix Greek an Arabian Bird of which it is reported that there is but one of them in the World at a time and that having lived 500 years it builds a nest of combustible spices which taking fire from the Sun she fans it with her wings and burns her self therein out of whose ashes there springs up a new Phoenix It is also an ancient name of several famous men Phorbas the son of Priamus and Epithesia the daughter of Stasippus King of Mygdonia he was after many great atcheivements performed in the Trojan war slain by Menelaus Phâ—rcys the son of Neptune and the Nimph Thesea and father of Medusa he was King of Corsica and Sardinia and being overthrown by Atlas in a Sea-fight was turned into a Deity of the Sea Phospher Greek as it were a bringer of light the morning 〈◊〉 Phrase Greek a 〈◊〉 peculiar manner and form of speech Phrenetick 〈◊〉 possessed with a Phrensie i. a certain kind of madnesse arising from an inflammation of the membranes of the brain Phrygia a Country of Asia the Lesse bounding upon Caria Lydia and Bithynia it is divided into the Greater Phrygia and the Lesser Phryxus the son of Athamas and Nephele and the brother of Helle. See Ino and Helle. Phtisick Greek a kind of Consumption accompanied with a Cough and Ulceration of the body Phylarch Greek the Govenour or chief Ruler of any Tribe or Family Phylacteries Greek scrolles of parchment having the ten Commandments written upon them which the Pharisees were wont to wear about their necks and arms also preservatives against poison or witchcraft also places to keep things safe in Phyllis the daughter of Lycurgus King of Thrace she hanged her self for the love of Demophoon who she thought had neglected her and was turned into an Almond tree Physick Greek natural Philosophy also the Art of curing by Medicines Physiognomy Greek an Art which teacheth to know the dispositions of men by looking on their countenances it is vulgarly called Phisnomy Physiology Greek a discourse of natural things a handling of natural causes P I Piacular lat able to absolve or clear a man from some hainous sin or offence Pia mater lat a film or skin which encompasseth the brain Piation or Piacle lat a satisfaction for sin a purging by sacrifice or intercession Piazza Ital. a great open place or broad street a market-place Picardy a Province of that part of France called Gallia Belgica whose chief City is Amiens Piccage money paid in a Fair for breaking up the ground to set up a standing or booth Picenum or Picentum a Region of Italy between the Apennine hills and the Adriatick Sea vulgarly called Marca Anconitana Pickadil from the Dutch word Pickedillekens the hem about the skirt of a garment also the extremity or utmost part of any thing also an Ordinary at St. James's so called To Pickear French picquer is when particular persons fight between two Armies before the main Battle is begun Picle or Pitle from the Italian word Piccolo i. little an inclosure or small close Piepouders court from the French word pied i. a foot and pouldreux i. dusty a Court held in Fairs for the redresse of all disorders committed within them Pierced a term in Heraldry as a crosse pierced i. e. bored in the middle Pieria a Country in the confines of Macedonia by the Rivers Axius and Haliacmon Pierpoint a sirname of great note and antiquity stilled in Latin records De Petrae Ponte Pight old word propped setled Pigment lat a kind of painting wherewith women colour their faces it is also used metaphorically for deceit or guile Pigneration lat a gaging or laying to pawn Pignitis a certain kind of Mineral commonly called black chalk Pigritude lat lazinesse slothfulnesse Pilaster French a little pillar also an inflammation of the Uvula Pilchard or Pilcher a kind of fish called in Latin Sarda in Greek Trichis Pile a term in Heraldry being an Ordinary consisting of a twofold line formed after the manner of a wedge Pilgrim from the Ital. Pelegrino one that travelleth out of devotion thorough strange Countries to visit holy places Pilkrow see Paragraph Pillaw a kind of meat made of rice used among the Turks Pilosity lat hairinesse roughnesse Pilotage the office of a Pilot or Steersman of a Ship called in Dutch a Lootsman Pilumnus the son of Jupiter and King of Daunia he married Dane the daughter of Acrisius and mother of Perseus Pimpernel a kind of little flower called in Latin Pimpinella Pimpompet a kind of antick dance wherein three hit each other on the bum with one of their feet Pimplea a mountain in Macedon near which was the Pimplean Fountain and Den sacred to the Muses from whence they were called Pimpleides Pingres or
in Hunting a setting of hounds in a readinesse where the Deer are likely to passe Release in the Common Law is an instrument whereby estates rights titles entrys actions and other things are sometimes extinguished sometimes inlarged sometimes transferred and sometimes abridged Relief in Common Law is a certain summe of money that the Tenant holding by knights-service grandsergeantry or other Tenure for which homage or regal service is due or by soccage for which no homage is due and being at full age at the death of his Ancestour doth pay to his Lord at his entrance Also a term in Architecture Relegâ—tion lat a sending or conveying away a banishing To Relent lat to grow soft it is also used metaphorically for to melt into pitty or compassion Relevation lat a raising or lifting up again Relict lat a thing forsaken or left destitute also the Widow of a deceased husband is called the Relict of such a one Reliquary French a shrine or casket where reliqnes i. something preserved either of the body or cloths of deceased Saints are kept Reloâ—iâ—in a returning to the same point again Reliquation lat remains or a being in arrearage Reluctation or Reluctance lat a striving wrestling or strugling against Remainder in Common Law signifieth a power or hope to enjoy Lands Rents or Tenements after the estate of another expired Remancipation lat a returning back a commodity into the hands of him of whom it was first bought Remembrancers three officers belonging to the Exchequer the first is called the Kings Remembrancer who entreth in his office all recognisanses taken before the Barons and maketh bonds for any of the Kings debts or for appearance or observing of orders and maketh proces for the breach of them The second the Lord Treasurers Remembrancer who puts him and the rest of the Justices in remembrance of such things as are to be dealt in for the Princes behoof The third is the Remembrancer of the first fruits and tenths who taketh all composition for first fruits and tenths and maketh process against such as pay not the same Remigation lat a rowing with oares Reminiscence lat a remembring or calling to mind Remisse lat slack negligent Remissible lat pardonable or to be forgiven Remitter in Common Law is a restitution of him that hath two titles to Lands unto that which is more ancient Remonstrance lat a declaring shewing or giving of reasons Remora a fish called a Sea-lamprey or Suckstone which stoppeth the course of a Ship also taken metaphorically for any delay or hindrance Remorse lat as it were a rebiting or gnawing again the sting of conscience or troubles of mind for former evil actions Remuneration lat a rewarding or recompensing for former good turus Remus the brother of Romulus who slew him that he might obtain the whole dominion to himself Rencounter French an unexpected adventure or meeting of two adverse parties Renavigation lat a sailing back Rendevous a word signifying in French render your selves a place where souldiers are mustred Rendlesham or Rendlisham a Town in Suffolk anciently the Mansion house of Redwald King of the East Saxons who being the first of that Kingdom that was baptized neverthelesse by his wifes seducement he had in the same Church one altar for Christian Religion and another for his old heathen superstition Renegado Span. a souldier that revolts to the enemy Renimed or Runningmead a famous meadow in the County of Middlesex where in the year of our Lord 1215 the Barons of England assembled in great numbers to claim their liberties of King John Renitency lat a resistance or striving against Renodation lat an unknitting or undoing of a knot Renovation lat a making new or fresh a renewing Rent in Common Law is a summe of money or other consideration issueing yearly out of Lands or Tenements Renversed French turned the contrary Renumeration lat a numbring counting or paying back Renunciation lat a bringing word back again Renvoy French a dismission or sending back Repandous lat bowed or bent back Reparation lat a mending or making up again Repast French as it were a feeding again a meale Repastination lat the altering of grounds with often digging Repensation lat a recompensing or making satisfaction Repentine lat sudden unawares unexpected Repercussion lat a beating or striking back Repertitious lat found by chance Repignoration lat a redeeming a pawn or gage Repletion lat a stuffing or filling full Replevy the bringing of a Writ called replegiari facias by him that hath his cattel or other goods distraind and putting in surety to the Sheriff that upon delivery of the thing distrained he will pursue the action against him Replication lat an unfolding also a second answering or making a reply Report in Common Law is a relation or repetition of a case debated or argued Reposition lat a putting back a setting again in his place Repository lat a storehouse or place to keep things in more peculiarly by the Architects such places as are built for the laying up of rareties either in picture or other arts are called Repositories Reprehension lat a blaming or reproving Representation lat a making the resemblance or likenesse of any thing Reprise French a taking back again also any deduction or duty paid yearly out of a Manour Reprisell French a seizing on for a pawn or prize See Law of Marque To Reprive in Common Law is to take back a prisoner from the execution or proceeding of the Law Reprobation lat a reproving also a rejecting or casting out of favour whence a Reprobate is taken for a wicked person or one cast out of gods favour Reptitious lat stealing or creeping on by degrees Repton a Town in Darbyshire famous in old times for being the burial place of King Aethelbald and also for the misfortune of Burthred the last King of the Mercians who was here deprived of his Kingdom by the Danes Republique lat a Common-wealth or Free-State Repudiation lat a refusing a putting away or divorcing Repugnancy lat resistance contrariety of one thing to another Repullulation lat a budding forth a springing up again Repumication lat a slicking or raizing with a pumice Reputation lat esteem reckoning or good opinion Request French a petition or desire also a Court of the same nature with the Chancery redressing by equity the wrongs that divers men suffer either by Law or otherwise at the hands of those that are more powerfull than themselves To sing a Requiem signifieth to sing a Masse for the eternal rest of the soules of those that are deceased the word Requies signifying in Latin rest Resceyt lat receptio in Common Law is an admission of a third person to plead his right in a cause between other two To Rescind lat to take away to destroy or repeal whence a Rescissorian Act is that which makes void a former Act or Law Rescissorian action lat an action that nulleth or maketh void Rescous in Common-law is a
stone and 14 pound Sacramental lat belonging to a Sacrament or Oath Sacrificial lat belonging to a Sacrifice or holy offering Sacrilegious lat committing Sacriledge i. a robbing of Churches or violating of holy things Sacristie or Sacrary lat a Vestry a place where the Priests Vestments and things belonging to the Church are kept Sadduces a Sect among the Jews so called from Sadock their first Author they denied the being of Angels and the Resurrection of the body Safe conduct see Passeport Sagacity lat quicknesse of understanding or apprehension sharpnesse of judgement or wit Sagamore a King or Supream Ruler among the Indians Sagbut Span. a kinde of Musical instrument somewhat resembling a Trumpet Sagination lat a cramming or making fat Sagittal lat belonging to an Arrow Sagittarius one of the 12 signes of the Zodiack see â—hiron Sagittipotent lat powerfull in darts or arrows Saguntus a Town of Valentia a Province of Spain now called Morviedro situate upon the River Ibero it was destroyed by Hannibal which was the cause of the second Punick war Saker a kind of Hawk called in Greek Hierax i. holy also a great piece of Ordnance Saie a kinde of stuffe to make Cloaths of called in Spanish Saietta Saint Anthonies fire see Erysipely Salacity lat wantonnesse or inclination to Venery perhaps from Salacia a goddesse of the water whom the ancients held to be the wife of Neptune and that she caused the fluctuation or moving up and down of the Sea also the Ebbing and flowing of the Sea was called by the Romans in old time Salicia and Venilia Salade French a kinde of head-piece or helmet called also Salet Salamander a kinde of little beast like a Lizard vulgarly believed to subsist in the hottest fire and to quench it Salarie lat a servants stipend or wages so called as Pliny saith from Sal i. Salt both being alike necessary Salenae the ancient name of a Town in Bedfordshire now called Salndy Sandy Salebrous lat rugged rough uneven Saliant lat leaping a Term in Heraldry Saligot Fr. a water-nut or Caltrop Salii the 12 Priests of Mars instituted by Numa Pompilius Marcus Livius Salinator a famous Roman Captain Consull with Claudius Nero he overcame Asdrubal in the second Punick warre Salique Law a Law whereby the Crown of France cannot fall from the Lance to the distaffe i. cannot be inherited by women it is so called either from these words si aliqua often mentioned in the Law which as some say was made by Pharamond others by Philip the fair or else from the River Sala near unto which the Francks anciently inhabited Salisbury the chief Citie of Wiltshire risen up out of the ruines of a very ancient Town called Sorbiodunum and by vulgar Latinists Sarum and Sarisburia this place is famous for a stately Minster built here in the reign of King Henry the third by Richard Poor then Bishop of Salisbury this Cathedral hath as many windows as there are dayes in the year as many pillars as there are hours in a year and the gates are answerable in number to the 12 moneths Salivation lat a fluxing or drawing humours out of the mouth by spettle Salligot French a kinde of fruit called water Nuts Sallow latin Salix the Goats willow-tree Sally to issue out of a besieged Town from the Spanish word Salir Salmacis a Fountain of Caria near Halicarnassus so called from Salmacis a Nymph who falling in love with Hermaphroditus the son of Mercury and Venus when she could by no other means draw him to her love she leapt into the Fountain and imbracing him prayed unto the gods that they might grow into one whereupon they immediately became one person having both Sexes also at the prayers of Hermaphroditus the Fountain contracted this quality that who ever entred into it were transformed into both Sexes and called Hermaphrodites Salmoneus a King of Elis the son of Aeolus who aspiring to be a god drove his Chariot over a brazen bridge which he had made that he might imitate Thunder at which Jupiter inraged struck him down to Hell with a Thunderbolt Salomon a proper name signifying in Hebrew peaceable Salsamentarious lat belonging to salt things brine or pickle Salsure lat a salting seasoning or powdering Saltation lat a dancing or leaping Saltimbanco Ital. a Mountebank or Quacksalver Saltire a Term in Heraldry see Sautoir Salvatel Vein see Vein Salubrity lat wholsomnesse or healthfulnesse Salutatory lat a place where people stand to salute great men Salutiferous lat bringing health or safety Samaria a Countrey of Palaestine bordering upon Judaea Sambenito Span. a Coat of course sackcloth in which Paenitents are reconciled to the Church Sambuke a Musical instrument called also a Dulcimer also a warlike Engine Samonds the sirname of a very ancient family of Barons who heretofore had their chief habitation at Bromham in Wiltshire they are stiled in Latin Records de Sancto Amando Samos the name of two Islands the one near Ionia over against Ephesus sacred to Juno anciently called Parthenia the other in the bay of Ambracia over against Epirus anciently called Cephalenia Samothracia an Island of the Aegaean Sea not far from Thrace heretofore called Dardania Samplar corrupted from Examplar a pattern or coppy Sampson a proper name signifying in Heb. there the second time Samuel another proper name signifying in Heb. placed of God Sanable lat to be healed or cured Sanchia a Christian name of divers women from the Latin Sancta i. holy Sanctification lat a sanctifying hallowing or making holy Sanctimony or Sanctity lat the profession of holinesse Sanction lat a decreeing enacting or establishing any Law or Ordinance Sanctuary lat a sanctified or holy place also a place priviledged by the Prince for the safeguard of offenders lives founded upon the great reverence which the Prince beareth unto the place whereunto he granteth such a priviledge Sanctum Sanctorum the innermost and holiest place of the Jews Temple where the Arke was kept Sandal a kind of pantofle or slipper also a pretious sort of Indian wood A Sandapile lat a coffin or beer to carry dead bodies on Sandarach a kind of red painting otherwise called Orpine or red Arsenick A Sand-bag in Etching or Graving is that on which they use to turn their plate Sanglant French bloody or imbrued with blood Sanglier French a Bore of five years old Sanguin or Sangnineous lat full or abounding with blood also of a complexion where that humour is predominant also in Heraldry it is taken for a kind of ruddy or murrey colour Sanguinolent lat bloody or cruel Sanhedrim Heb. the Supream Council or Court of judicature among the Jews consisting of the high Priest and 70 Seniors or Elders who were to consult about the greatest matters of the Common-wealth both Ecclesiastical and Civil Sanity lat health soundnesse Sanjacks the Governours of Cities among the Turks Sanicle a kind of herb called self-heal Sankfin from the French words Sang i. blood and fine
shoulders whence Scapulary a Monks hood or cowl reaching down to the shoulders Scar an old word signifying a steep rock whence Scarborow Castle in Yorkshire is denominated as it were a Burgh upon the Scar or steep Rock Scarabee lat a kind of fly commonly called a beetle Scarf a term in Navigation when the end of one timber is let into the other very close and even or as they term it wood and wood Scarification lat a launcing a sore or making an incision Scariole a kind of herb otherwise called broadleaved endive Scarpe a term in Fortification the slopenesse of the wall also in Heraldry it is the resemblance of a scarf worn by Commanders in the field To Scathe to hurt from the Dutch word Schaed i. damage Scaturiginous lat overflowing or running over Scavage or Shewage a kind of toll or custom exacted of Merchants by Mayors or Bailiffs of Towns for wares shewed to be sold within their Precincts which are forbidden by Statute Scavenger from the Dutch word Scaven i. to pare away an officer that makes clean the streets and pares away the dirt Scedasus a certain rich Boeotian whose two daughters Hippone and Milesia were ravished in his absence and afterwards thrown into a Well and drowned whereupon he killed himself for grief Sceleton Greek the whole structure of the bones of a mans body the flesh veines and muscles being taken away Scellum or Schellum Dutch a rogue villain or vagabond Scenical lat belonging to a Scene i. the changing of persons in every Act of a Comedy or Tragedy also the forepart of a Stage or Theater Scenography lat a term in Perspective the model or description of a Scene or any work presented with its shadows Sceptical Greek contemplative whence Scepticks are a sort of Philosophers who onely consider and contemplate of things without determining any thing Sceptriferous Latin bearing a Scepter Schediasm Greek a sudden invention Schedule lat a little leaf bill or scrowl of paper Scheme Greek the form or outward draught of any thing Schirrus a hard swelling without pain yet not without sences Schiph Latin Scapha a ship-boat whence Schipper or Scipper a Sea-man or Mariner Schisme Greek a cleaving rending or dividing in two but more peculiarly a division or separation in the Church caused by a dissenting in opinion Schismatical inclining to schisme Scholastick Greek belonging to a School or Schollar Scholiast Greek a Writer of a Scholy i. a short exposition upon any Author Sciagraph Greek a platform or description of a house with the contrivance of every room Sciater lat a certain instrument made use of for the better designing out the situation of a Citie Sciatica lat the Gout in the hip Science lat knowledge skill or learning Scilcester a Town in Northumberland by some thought to have been the same with that which in old time was called Cilurnum here Ethwald King of the Northumbers was treacherously murthered by Sigga a Noble-man Scintillation lat a sparkling Sciolist lat one that maketh much stir with a little knowledge a smatterer in learning Sciomanty Greek a divining by shadows Scion from the latin word Scindere i. to divide a grasse or tender shoot Scipio the name of several famous Romans as Scipio Africanus the son of Cornelius he overthrew the Carthaginians in Spain taking new Carthage afterwards waâ—ting over his Army into Africa he utterly defeated Hannibal in a mighty battel Scipio Aemilianus the adopted son of Africanus who demolish't new Carthage and Numantia in Spain and was killed by a conspiracy of the Gracchi Scipio Nasica a man very eloquent skilfull in the Law and much beloved of the people by whom he was called Corculum Scipio the father in Law of Pompey the Great first succesfull afterwards unfortunate in the wars against Caesar. Scire facias a Writ Judicial to call a man to shew a cause unto the Court from which it is sent why execution of a judgement passed should not be made Sciron a famous Pirate about Megara who was slain by Theseus Scirrous Greek belonging to a Schirrus i. a hard swelling in the body without pain Scissure lat a cutting cleaving or dividing asunder Scitament lat a pleasant witty passage in discourse Sclavonia a Countrey joyning Westward upon the Adriatick Sea divided into Istria Carinthia Croatia Carnia and Martia Slavonia vulgarly called Windishmark Scolopender Greek a kinde of venemous Worm by some called an Ear-wig also a certain fish which having swallowed a hook vomited up its entrails and rid of it sucketh them in again Scom Greek a mocking scoffing or scurrilous jest Sconse Dutch a Term in fortification a block-house or chief fortresse whence Metaphorically it is taken for the head Scopulous lat Rocky full of Rocks Scorbutical lat belonging to the Scorbute i. a disease called the Scurvy Scordium a kinde of Herb growing plentifully in Cambridgeshire called in English Water-germander Scorpion a kinde of venemous Serpent also the name of one of the 12 signs of the Zodiack also a kinde of warlike Engin. Scot and Lot a customary contribution laid upon all subjects according to their ability Escot signifying in French a Symbole shot or reckoning Scâ—tal where an Officer doth keep an Ale-house without the Forrest under colour of his Office from Scot and Ale i. paying the shot for Ale Scotomy Greek a Vertigo or dizzinesse in the head which causeth a dimnesse in the eyes Scovel see Malkin Scout in Dutch showt an Officer of an Army appointed to discover an Enemies designs Screation lat a spitting Screkingham a Town in Lincolnshire where Alfrick the second Earle of Leicester was slain by Hubba a Dane Scribe lat a Writer Notary or Srivener also an Expounder of the Law among the Jews Scriptorian lat belonging to writing or writers Scruple or Scrupulosity lat a doubting or nicenesse in point of conscience also scruple is the third part of a dram i. seven grains and a half troy weight Scrutation lat a searching or inquiring Scrutiny lat the same Sculpture lat a graving or carving Scurrility lat offensive jesting or scoffing Scut a Term in Hunting the tayl of a Hare or Cony Scutchion see Escotchion also the bud of a Tree cut off for inoculation Scutiferous lat bearing a sheild or buckler Scuttle a square hole cut through the hatch or deck of a ship to go down by into any room Scyld Saxon debt or default Scylla the daughter of Nysus King of Megara which being besieged by Minos King of Creet was betrayed into his hands by Scylla who falling in love with Minos cut off her fathers purple lock upon which the fate of the Citie depended and sent it to him but afterwards seeing her self despised and dying for grief she was turned into a Partridge and Nisus into a Hawk also the daughter of Phorcus who falling in love with Glaucus was envied by Circe who poisoning the water wherein she used to bath her self the lower part of her body became altogether like the grinning
a pouring or spreading abroad also a disease in the eye called a pin and web Suggestion lat a prompting or putting into ones mind Sugillation lat a beating black and blew allo a reproaching or slandering Suhit see Gazul Sulcation lat a making furrows Sulphureous lat full of sulphur or brimstone Sultan or Soldan among the Turks is taken for a King or Prince Sultana or Sultanin a kind of Turkish coin of Gold valuing about seven shillings six pence Sumach or Sumack a kind of rank-smelling plant with a black berry wherewith Curriers use to dresse their cloth Sumage from the French word Somme i. a burden or seam which in the Western parts signifieth a horse-load a toll for carriage on horseback Summary lat a briefe gathering together of the whole matter in few words A Summer in Architecture is a great piece of timber or beam which supporteth the building Summity lat the highest part or top of any thing Superable lat to be overcome or vanquisht Sumpter horse a horse that undergoes the burthen of things convenient for a journey from the Latin Sumptus charges or expences Superaffusion lat a shedding upon a pouring on the top Superannuation Ital. an out-living or growing out of date Superbiloquent lat speaking proudly or haughtily Superchery lat wrong injury an outragious assaulting Supercilous lat having great eye-brows also of a sour countenance severe in carriage Supereminence lat excellent or authority above others Supererogation lat a performing more good works than a man is bound to do a term in Theology Superfaetation lat a second conceiving before the first young is brought forth a breeding of young upon young as Hares and Conies do Superficiary lat he that builds a house upon another mans ground and payes quit-rent Superficies lat the surface or uttermost part of any thing In Geometry it is defined to be a magnitude consisting of lines having onely length and breadth without profundity Superfluity lat excesse an over-abounding more than enough Superjection lat a casting upon To Superinduce lat to bring or draw one thing over another Superintendent lat an Overseer Superiority lat a being Superiour i. higher set above or over others Superiour Planets those that are above the Sun ♄ ♃ ☉ â— Suparlative lat highest advanc't in Grammar Suparlative degree is the highest degree of comparison Supermeation lat a flowing or passing over Supernal lat coming from above Supernatation lat a swimming over or upon Supernatural lat being above nature or natural cause Superscription lat a writting over or on the out side of any thing To Supersede lat to omit to leave off to let passe Supersedeas a Writ signifying a command to stay the doing of that which in appearance of Law were to be done Superstition lat over-scrupulousnesse in Religion over much ceremony in divine worship Supervacaneous lat more than just or serveth for common use needless vain unnecessary To Supervene lat to come upon on a sudden or unexpected To Supervive see Survive Supine lat lying with the face upward also negligent or carelesse Suppedaneous lat see Subpedaneous Suppeditation lat a supplying ministering or affording what is needful Suppilation lat a pilfring or stealing underhand To supplant lat to plant or set under also to deceive or beguile Supplement lat a supplying the which is defective a filling up a place that is vacant or empty A Suppliant French a petitioner or humble suiter Supplication lat a petitioning or making an humble request Supplice lat punishment or correâ—ion Supplosion lat a making a noise by stamping with the feet Supposititious lat laid in the place or room of another Suppository lat put under also in Physick it is used substantively for any solid composition put up into the body to make it soluble To Suppresse lat to presse under to stifle or keep down Suppuration lat a ripening of a bile or imposthume a gathering or resolving into matter Supputation lat a pruning of trees also a counting or casting up Supremacy lat a being Supreme i. highest in power and authority Surannation lat the same as Superannuation A Surbating French a beating or galling on the soles of ones feet To Surcease French to give over Surcharge French charge upon charge or load upon load A Surcharger of the Forrest he that commons with more beasts than a man hath right to common withal A Surcingle French an upper girth or girdle Suâ—rcâ—at French a coat of Armes to wear over armour Surcrew French an over-growing also advantage amends over-measure Surculation lat a pruning of trees a cutting off Surcles i. young graffs shoots or sprigs Surdity lat deafnessâ— Surge a wave from the Latin Surgere i. to rise Sureby a Port Town in Yorkshire which some think to be the same with that ancient Town called by Antonine 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gabrantovicorum and by the Latins Sinus portâ—osus salutaris each of these names implying as much as sure or safe Haven Surface French the same as Superficies Surkney a kind of white garment like a rotchet To Surmoâ—â—â— French to excell 〈◊〉 overcome To Surpasse French the same Suria the name of a certain goddesse to whom an altar was anciently erected at Melkrig in Northumberland by Licinius Clemens a Captain under Calphurnus Agricola Lieutenant to Augustus Surplusage French signifieth in Common Law a superfluity or addition more than needeth which is a cause sometimes that the Writ abateth Surprizal French a sudden assaulting or setting upon a coming upon a man unawares Surquedry old word pride presumption Surrejoynder French a second defence of the Plaintiffs action opposite to the Defendants rejoynder The Civilians call it Triplication A Surrender in Common Law is an instrument or writing signifying a Tenants consent or agreement to yield and give up his lands to the possession of him that hath the next immediate remainder or reversion Surrentum a Town of Campania in Italy built by the Greeks anciently called Petrae Sirenum Surreptitious lat taken deceitfully or by stealth Surrogation lat an appointing as Deputy in the roome of another To Survive French to out-live whence a Surviver in Common Law is taken for the longer liver of two joynt-tenants Susan the proper name of a woman signifying in Heb. Lilly Susception lat an enterprising or undertaking a thing Susceptible lat plyable apt to receive any impression Suscitation lat a raising quickning or stirring up Suspension lat a hanging up also a being in doubt or uncertainty in Common Law it is taken for a temporal stop of a mans right Suspiral French a breathing-hole a vent or passage for air also a spring of water passing under ground to a Conduit Suspiration lat a fetching a deep sigh Susurration lat a whispring or muttring Sutherland the name of a Countrey in the North-part of Scotland Sutorious lat belonging to a Shoomaker Suture lat a seam or sewing together a fastning together of bones There are three remarkable Sutures
cap. 3. It is written Commoiths 4 Hen. 4. cap. 17. And is used for a gathering made upon the people This last is Comorth a word of different signification from Commote and ought not to be confounded with it Count But Countors by Hoens Mirror of Just. lib. 2. cap. des Loyers 〈◊〉 such Serjeants skilful in the Law which serve the common people to defend their Actions in Judicature for their Fâ—e whose duty if it be as is there described and were observed Men might have much more comfort of the Law than they have This our Author transcribed from Cowâ—ls Interpreter and is one of those irreverent reflections upon the Common Law and Lawyers of this Land which among other mistakes in points derogatory to the supream Power of the Crown of England and Fundamental Constitutions of Parliaments caused that Book to be prohibited by the Kings Proclamation bearing date the 25th day of March 8 Jac. Anno 1610. Yet our Author in his Preface takes the boldness to say That the Ground-work upon which he builds is Cowels Interpreter an excellent Book bâ—â—h as to its matter and composure and did not deserve that severe arraignment that is hath of late suffered Courratier A French word signifying a Horse Courser â— Inst. fol. 719. Couâ—ratier Is a Hors-courser but our Author hath found a new way of dividing one word into two to make up his Centuries Cuth otherwise Uncuth Privatus vel extraneus Cuth signifies known and Uncuth unknown yet here they are both coupled in one yoke as Synonima Custos Brevium There is also a Custos Brevium retulorum in the Kings Bench who Fileth there and Warrants of Attorney This is of the same complexion with the rest Demurrer West calleth that likewise a Demurrer in Chancery when there is question made Whether a Parties Answâ—r to a Bill of Complaint c. be defective or not and thereof Reference made to any of the Bench for the examination thereof and report to be made to the Court. West Symbol part 2. tit Chancery sect 29. There is no such words to be found in the Author and place cited nor is it probable â—o learned a Writer as West could be guilty of so erroneous an Interpretation of this common word Demurrer in Chancery Donative Is a business meerly given and collated by the Patron to a Man So if it be given to a Man to be a Plagiary that is a Donative from his Ingenuity Dum non fuit compos mentis Is a Writ that lieth for him that not being of â—ound memory did Alien any Lands or Tenements in Fee-simple Fee tail for term of life or for years against the Aliens F. N. B. fol. 202. Can it be imagined that the learned Fitz-Herbert would be guilty of such an absurd Explication Enquest The Jury findeth the fact thus then is the Law thus and so we judge for the Enquest in Criminal Causes See Jury The learned will see he writes thus then is the Law thus That they will judge him a blind Interpreter Farding or Farthing of Gold Seemeth to be a Coyn used in ancient times containing in value the fourth part of a Noble viz. Twenty pence in Silver and in weight the sixth part of an ounce of Gold that is of Five shillings in Silver which is Three pence and somewhat more Our Author is very unfortunate in his Additionals for these contradictory words which is Three pence and somewhat more are superadded to what the Law Dictionary says Ferrure The Shooing of Horses See Bouch of Court In Bouche of Court there is nothing at all of Ferrure for our Author curtailed my Citation not regarding this Reference Filicetum A bracky ground Ubi salices crescunt See Domesday Filicetum or Filictum Is a Ferny ground so says my Lord Coke 1 Inst. fol. 4. b. I suspect it not to be found in Domesday Foreigne Forinsecus may be derived of the French word Exterus and in Law is used The French word Forain may as well be a Latine word as Exterus French Fortlet Cometh near the French Fortlet Yes as near as Four pence to a Groat but the French word is Fortelet Frank-pledge Franciplegium Is a Compound irregular of two Languages It is irregularly said for the words are both French Frustrum Terrae Domesday tit Haritisc Rex Abedestone I dare affirm there is no such title as Haritisc In Domesday Gaynage In the Explication of this word He tells us of Spokeman and Spokemen for it seems he did not like the word Sokeman Gardeine del Esglish In English Church-Wardens and they may have an Action for the Goods of the Grounds and divers other things they may do I would have our Author do any thing hereafter rather then interpret hard words Gleabland The quhilke suld be free fra payment of any Feinds Skene This sâ—ould be Teinds a Scotish word signifying Taxes Instead of which our Author brings in Feinds God bless us or Evil Spirits Hankwite Of the Saxon words Haginan Pendere and Wite mulcta By some it hath been interpreted Mulcta pro homine injusti suspenso There is no such Saxon word as Haginan nor true Latin in the rest Haratium As in the Law Dictionary If our Author had been a Master in this kind of Learning he might in this word have shewed his skill and my mistake For Haratium from the French Haras signifies a race or breed of Horses which is the onely material error besides those of the Printer which I have hitherto discovered in my Book Heresâ—ita From the Saxon here Exercitus sliten to depart Though this be taken by our Author out of my Lord Cokes 4 Inst. yet it is certainly a mistake haply of the Printer there being no such Saxon word as sliten to depart but slitan dissolvereâ— Herpsac See Frodmortel Where there is not a word of Herpsac for he omitted my citation there and so Herpsac stands as an insignificant nullo without interpretation Hinefare Si quis occidit hominem Reges facit heinfaram dat Regi xx Domesday The Law Dictionary hath it plainly and truly thus Si quis occidit hominem Regis facit Heinfaram dat Regi xxs. Hominatio It may be called Dominatio Domesday He may as well call it Somniatio for the word in Domesday signifies a mustering of men what then hath Dominatio to do with it Hondpeny Sint quieti de Chevagio Hond-peny c. But there is a Declaration made what is intended by it Ideo quaere Here he was in the humor of adding somewhat to the word more then he found in the Law Dictionary But still with ill success He omitted the Author of the Latine and added the nonsensical English Hue and Cry In this word he hath many errors the French Huier for Huer Flagiture for Flagitare Oyer for Oyes Men slain secundum legem consuetudinem Regni is a pretty position Ignoramus It hath a resemblance of that ancient Roman where the Judges where
of his own authority he cannot deal in his County-Court Justiciable French subject to Law under authority Justicians a certain religious Order instituted in the year 1412 in the Abby of St. Justine at Padua by one Lewise Balus a Venetian Justification lat a clearing justifying or making good in Common Law it is a shewing a good reason why a man did such a thing as he is called to answer Justinianus a name by which two of the Roman Emperours were called The first was famous for causing the Civil Law to be reduced into the Pandects and the Code whence Students of the Civil Law are called Justinianists the second for the great wars he had with the Saracens and Bulgarians Justinopolis a City of Istria built upon the Sea side by the Emperour Justine it is now called Cabo d' Istria Jutties of houses are certain parts of a building which jut or stand out farther than the rest Juturna the daughter of Daunus and sister of Turnus King of the Rutuli she was by Jupiter in recompence of the losse of her maiden-head immortalized and made Nimph of the River Numicus Juvenility lat youthfulnesse lustinesse or vigour Juventas the Goddesse of Youth the same with Hebe Juverna an ancient name of Ireland I W Iwimpled old word muffled I X Ixion the son of Phlegyas he having slain his son in law Erioneus after he had long wandered up and down and could not be absolved either by gods or men at length Jupiter pitying him took him up into Heaven and expiated him but he after his purgation remaining among the gods fell in love with Juno and sollicited her to unchastity which she making known to Jove he formed a cloud in the shape of Juno and Ixion thinking it to have been the goddesse begat a race of Centaurs and being soon after sent down to the earth he boasted every where that he lay with Juno for which being struck down to Hell with a Thunderbolt he was condemned to be alwayes rowled on a wheele K A KAb or Cab an Hebrew measure containing three pints of our measure Kalends see Calends Karena the twentieth part of a drop a term used in Chimistry Karobe or Carobe a kind of fruit also an herb called St. Johns bread also a very small weight used by Goldsmiths being the 24 part of a grain Karos or Caros a certain disease in the head which causeth much drousinesse Katharine see Catharine K E Keel the lowest and first timber laid in a ship the botton of a ship also a vessell to coole new beer or ale in Keen or Kene old word sharp some think it comes from the Greek word a cone a whetstone Keeper of the great Seal of England is he under whose hands passe all Charters Commissions and grants of the King strengthned by the Great or Broad Seal without which they are of no effect He is a Lord by his office and one of the Kings privy Council Keeper of the privy Seal is also a Lord by his office and one of the privy Council under his hands passe all Charters signed by the King before they come to the Broad Seal Keeper of the Forrest is he who hath the principal government of all things belonging to the Forrest he is also called chief Warden of the Forrest Kele old word to coole Kemeling old word a Brewers vessel Within Ken within sight or view a term in Navigation and comes from the Saxon word Kenne i. e. to know or discover Kenchester a Town in Herefordshire built as some think out of the ruines of old Ariconium Kenhelm the proper name of a man signifying in Saxon defence of his kindred Kenneleth applyed to a Fox when he is in his hole A term in hunting Kenodoxy or Cenodoxy Greek vain-glory Kenotaph see Cenotaph Kerchief French Coâ—vrechef a kind of linnin dresse which women use to wear upon their heads Kerck or Kirk old word a Church Kern an old Brittish word signifying a horn Kern a kind of light-armed foot souldier among the Irish we use it also for an ordinary Country farmer also to Kern signifieth to powder or to salt Kernel lat Kernellare an old word signifying to embattle a house Kerry a County of Ireland in the Province of Mounster Kers or Cresses a kind of plant so called Kersie French a kind of cloth or stuff much used Kesar a word which the Brittains used instead of Caesar and is taken in the same sense at this day when they say King nor Kesar Kesteven see Holland Key of a River or Haven a place where ships ride and are as it were lock't in Some deduce it a quiescendo i. from resting or from the old Latin Casare i. to restrain Keynard old word a micher K I Kichel old word a kind of cake the same which is called in Latin Libum Kilderkin in Dutch Kindekâ—n a kind of liquid measure being the eighth part of a hogshead it contains about eleven or twelve gallons Kiles from the Dutch word keghel an Isicle certain pins to play withal commonly called Nine-pins Kildare two Counties of Ireland in the Province of Leimster Kilkenny two Counties of Ireland in the Province of Leimster Kinburgh Sax. strength and defence of kindred a proper name of women King from the Dutch word koning i. to know because he ought to be the most knowing of men or from Konnen to be powerful the supream Ruler of a Nation King of Harolds or King of Arms he is called Garter and is the same with Pater patratus among the Romans See in Harald Kingsbench the Court or Judgement-seat where the King was wont to sit in his own person and therefore it was moveable with the Court or Kings houshold and was called Curia domini Regis or Aula Regia Kings Silver that money which is due to the King in the Court of Common-pleas in respect of a license there granted to any man for passing of a fine Clark of the Kings Silver is an officer of the Common pleas unto whom every fine is brought after it hath been with the custos Brevium and by whom the effect of the Writ of covenant is entred into a paper book Kingston upon Thames a Town in Surry so called because Athelstane Edwin and Etheldred were here Crowned Kings in the open Market-place Kintal see Quintal K N Knap of ground a little rising hillock Knave Sax. Canapa signifieth originally a Lacquey or Waiting-man and cometh originally from the Hebrew word Gnavadh to serve Knees in Navigation are certain crooked pieces of timber used in Ships to fasten the beames unto the sides Knight Sax. Cnicht hath been taken originally for a souldier or horseman in war those that were wont to accompany and wait upon the Emperour in the wars were called in Dutch Knechts i. e. servitours or lusty young men It is also taken for a client or vassal but more especially one that holds his land by serving his Lord on horseback it is now grown to be a Title of great