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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	call_v	king_n	law_n	3,001	5	4.8555	4	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A43208	Englands chronicle, or, The lives & reigns of the kings and queens from the time of Julius Cæsar to the present reign of K. William and Q. Mary containing the remarkable transactions and revolutions in peace and war, both at home and abroad, as they relate to this kingdom, with the wars, policies, religion and customs, success and misfortunes as well of the ancient Britains, as Roman, Saxon, Danish, and Norman conquerors, with copper cuts and whatever else is conduceable to the illustration of history / by J. Heath.	Heath, James, 1629-1664.	1689 (1689)	Wing H1325; ESTC R29472	167,333	265

affirm to be done upon Salisbury plain but however the Nobles thus dead the Juits Angles and Saxons fell on with Fire and Sword killing and destroying all that came in their way carrying a Torrent of Destruction from Sea to Sea so that the poor Britains being utterly disheartned and destitute of a Head fled before them like Flocks of timerous Sheep to the Mountains and Fastnesses many of them living in Rocks Caves and Woods upon such as Nature afforded them to avoid the fury of the destroying Enemy who resolutely bent upon a total Conquest daily sent over for more of their Companions who came in swarms devouring like Locust all the good things of the Land Thus the misery of the Britains renewed and these People began to frame their Government dividing the Country by Lott into seven Parts or petry Kingdoms called from thence The Hepterchie of the Saxons in this order 1. Kent 2. South Saxons 3. West Saxons 4. East Saxons 5. Northumberland 6. Mercia 7. East Angles These they formed into Kingdoms striving as much as in them lay to exterperate the whole Race of the Britains and raise themselves in their places Some may be curious to know the Original of this Transmarine People but Originals of this kind are generally obscure but Historians conjecture they were a branch of the Sacae an Asian People who came into Europe to find themselves better Habitations and planted on the Banks of the Rhine They were upon their arrival in Britain Idolaters worshipping a God for every day in the Week and greatly persecuted those they found to persevere in the Christian Faith And when they went to Battle they had certain Songs prepared to invoke the favour of their Deities and were very unmerciful for they sacrificed every tenth Captive and would admit of no Ransom The Garments of the Saxons were in the form of a Gassock clasped over or pined with wooden Pins their Weapons bended Swords with three notches on the back in the form of a Back-sword but broader with fiat sloaping points and battel Axes using to try the quarrel of a whole Province by single Combate suffering their Virgins to Marry but once and their Men were forbid plurality of Wives except they were Noble and they only for want of Issue Adultry they punished were severly These People going under the Denominations o● Saxons Argles and Jutes devided the Kingdom now called England for King Vort●gorn being by his Inr●ged Subjects over-whelmed with wildfier in his Castle or Pallace as the cause of all their Calamities by g●ving at first too much way and countenance to th● 〈◊〉 they parted it out as they found themselve● in most power or advantage by birth and Hengist having leave to take his Lot chose Kent and formed it into a Kingdom Stiling himself the first King of Kent begining his Reign 455 and Reigned with great success 34 years and was succeeded by Esca or Oscia from whom the Inhabitants were called Eskins this Prince began his Reign in the year of our Lord 490 and continued it 24 years giving place to Octa who Reigned 23 years and was succeeded by Imerick who somewhat inlarged his Borders and continued his Reign till 562 and during his time was held the second General Counsel at Constantinople for the Establishment of the Church when by the Pious and Exampler lives and Preaching of good Men Christianity that had been trampled on by the Saxons began to revive in Britain so that Ethelbert that succeeded Imerick began to harken to them and upon the Arrival of Austine the Monk and Forty others with him sent by Gregory Bishop of Rome he was Converted and Baptized Anno 596. In the 36th year of his Age and the 4th year of his Reign giving a general Liberty to his Sujects to Renounce their Paganisme so that these good Men by the Kings Appointment setling at Canterbury are reported to Baptize and Convert 10003. in a very short time which prosperous Work by the Influence of Heaven soon over-spread the Kingdom and God accordingly blessed the King with a Long Reign for he continued in his Throne 36 years and then was succeeded by Edbald who at first was averse to the Christians and for fear of him Melitus and Justus fled their Bishopricks but he being Converted by Laurence Arch-Bishop of Canterbury they were recalled but having Reigned 24 years he gave place to Ercombert Anno 5●2 This King brought Christianity to be highlier prized than before turning the Idol Temples that had been heitherto allowed into places of True Worship commanding the first Lent to be kept that this Kingdom knew but after a Reign of 24 years he dyed and was succeeded by Egbert his Brother who basely Murthered Ethelred and Ethelbert his two Nephews Sons to Ercombert and ●ast the Dead Bodies into the River Medway for which no doubt his Reign was shorter than any before him for he continued it but 9 years ending it by Death 666 and was succeeded by Lothaire who after holding the Scepter of Kent 11 years Engageing in a Bloody Wa● against Ethelred King of the Mercians and Edrick King of the South Saxons he was shot through with a Dart which put an end to his Life and Reign In his time a● third Counsel was held at Constantinople being the 6th General Counsel for the Provision and Establishment o● the Church Agathus being Bishop of Rome and Ederick succeeded this Prince he held not the Scepter long before his Subjects upon a disgust took Arms against him and slew him in a pitched Field maintaining themselves against all Opposers So that the Kingdom lay destitute of a Head for the space of six years 〈◊〉 this Kings Reign being the shortest of any Viz. two years only but at the end of 6 years Withred hi● Brother for a great sum of Mony payed to Inas go● the Possession and Reigned 33 years and there gave place to Egbert who began his Reign 727 in his time there appeared two fearful Commets thaeatning Wars and Desolation which afterward Ensued by the falling out of Petty Princes he Reigned 23 years and was succeeded by Ethelbert Anno 750 who held the Throne 11 years and gave place to Edrick who lost his Life after a Reign of 34 years in a fatal Battle at Otteford against Offa King of the Mercians and in his time another General Counsel was held at Nice and consequently the second General Counsel and then the Kingdom of Kent was Usurped by Ethelbert the third who for that cause being Wared upon by Kenwoolf he was taken Prisoner and crrried into Mercia 〈◊〉 yet he afterward was released and Reigned 3 years giving at the end of that time place to Cuthred whom Kenwolf King of the Mercians Instated in the Thron● of Kent Yet his Reign was short terminating in the space of three years and Baldred succeeding him after a long dispute with the Mercian King and 18 years continuance in his Kingdom was forced to flee and leave the Possession

and do great mischief especially in and about the City of London and had been greater but the Earl entered with his Army and put an end to those disorders and set King Henry at liberty who had been a Prisoner in the Tower for almost the space of Nine years conveying him to the King's Palace in great Triumph where on the 13th of October he was crowned again and went with the Crown on his head to St. Paul's Church the Earl of Warwick bearing up his Train and the Earl of Oxford carrying the Sword before him whilst the people cryed God save King Henry and a Parliament being called to sit at Westminster the 26th of November King Edward was declared a Traitor to his Country and a Usurper of the Crown his Goods and Lands were confiscated and his Adherents were attained The Earl of Worcester for his Cause lost his Head and all the Statutes made by Edward Revoked The Crowns of England and France were entailed to King Henry and his Heirs Male and for default of such Issue to George Duke of Clarence The Earl of Warwick to be Governour of the Land till it could be better settled Thus went the various change of Affairs in England 〈◊〉 the bloudy contest between the houses of York and Lancaster yet continued not the advancement of King Henry for King Edward holding Correspondency in England and gathering some Forces beyond the Seas landed at Ravenspur in Yorkshire where the better to insinuate with the People He at first pretended to come for his right as a private person but finding himself strong enough he siezed upon York and increasing in Power marched till ●he came near to the City of Warwick where his Brother the Duke of Clarence being reconciled to him by the means of a Maid-servant that had lived with the Old Dutches of York desiring the Earl to forsake King Henry's Cause and close with his Brother but that great Man more regarding his Engagement than Life or Interest sent him word that he had rather be an Earl and always like himself than a perjured Duke and that e'er his Oath should be falsified as the Dukes apparently was he would lay down his Life at his enemies Feet which he doubt not should be bought very dear whereupon King Edward hasted to London and was received by the Citizen no ways able to resist him when drawing out his Forces he marched against the Earl and his Accomplicies and on Easter day in the Morning Battel was joyned on Glad-more Heath near Barnet in which bloudy Conflict fortune at first seemed to favour VVarwick but by an unlucky mistake he lost the day for a great Mist falling the embroidered Stars upon the Coats of such as were commanded by the Earl of Oxford being taken for Suns which was King Edward's Cognizance VVarwick's Battallion charged by that Errour upon their Friends and they suspecting it done on purpose crying out Treason quitted the Field which the Earl perceiving and resolving not to out-live the loss of the day charged desperately into the King's Battel killing many with his own Hands but being cut off from the assistance of his own men he there was slain as likewise was his Brother the Lord Montacute in attempting to Rescue him on King Edward's Party dyed the Lords Cromwell Bourchier and Barns with Si● John Lisle and on both sides about 10000 of all sorts But thus ended not the Contests for the Crown for Queen Margaret in the right of her Husband and Son raised a strong Power Anno Domini 1471. and gave the King Battel at Tewxbury but Fortune now turned fatally averse to the Queen and her Family for losing the day with the death of John Lord Somerset John Courtney Earl of Devonshire Sir John Delues Sir Edward Hampden Sir Robert Whitingham Sir John Leukner and several others and a great many of lesser note The Queen in this rout fled and betook her self to a religious house for sanctuary but was takan thence and made close Prisoner young Prince Edward her Son was taken in his flight by Sir Richard Crofts who presented him to King Edward who having a while beheld him with a stern countenance demanded how he durst presume with Banners displayed to disturb his Kingdom to which the Prince replied that what he did was to recover his Father's Kingdoms and his most rightfull Inheritance But how dare you continued the Prince being but a Subject display your Colours against your Liege Lord Upon this resolute replie King Edward unworthily struck him on the Mouth with his Gantlet when Richard Duke of Gloucester basely taking the hint stabbed him and the Wound being seconded by some of the Servants the poor Prince fell dead at the King's feet Things being carried at an extraordinary highth Edmund Duke of Somerset the Prior of St. John's with divers Knights and Esquiers who had taken sanctuary were contrary to the Custome of those times taken thence by force and executed at Tewxbury and soon after Richard Duke of Gloucester the King's Brother stabbed the pious King Henry to the heart in the Tower of London and his body was exposed in a Coffin at St. Paul's to convince the People he was dead As for the Queen she continued several years a Prisoner but at length her Father mortgaged most of his Principalities to pay her Ransome and she thereupon was sent over Sea where in much sorrow and perplexity she languished ●ut the rest of her days and by this means the Lancastrians being utterly disabled to make head King Edward more assured in his Throne betook himself to his Pleasure and hearing of the Fame of Jane Shoar Wife to a Goldsmith in Gracechurch-street he sent for her and took her to his Bed upon which her Husband renounced her and for Grief and the Disgrace betook himself to travel beyond the Seas never returning into England He had likewise two other Concubines high in his esteem and being in the Year 1474. in France at an Interview with the French King Lewis told him that he would one day invite him to court the fair Ladies of Paris to which Offer Edward readily consented insomuch that the French King not being pleased with his forwardness whispering to Philip Comines his Bosome Friend told him that he repented of his Offer considering that there had been too many English Princes already at Paris so that the King returned without having any opportunity to prosecute such Amours Anno 1478. by the contrivance of Richard Duke of Gloucester George Duke of Clarence was accused of sundry Crimes and committed to the Tower where soon after he was smothered in a Butt of Malmsey Wine and 't is reported the King consented to so great a Wickedness upon a Prophecy That a G. should succeed an E. which however proved true though he mistook the Man for Richard Duke of Gloucester usurped the Throne and murthered his two Sons as will appear hereafter Two Acts yet more of this King's Cruelty are memorable viz. Going

as ●eing elevated with Wine and good Chear fell soul ●n a Rock which broke the Ship to pieces yet the ●rince with his Bride and some others got into the ●ng Boat and might have gone off but the Coun●ss of Pearch crying to him from the Fore-castle ●or help he caused the Boat to turn and take her in ●ut before he could effect it so many leaped into it ●nd clung to its sides esteeming in that extremity their Lives as dear as their Princes that it sunk with the overlaiding and they were all drowned This doleful news coming to the Kings Earl by some of the Seamen that had escaped upon pieces of the Ship he greatly lamented the loss of his Children and though he was well in years yet in some measure to repair it he Married a second Wife viz. Adilicia Daughter to Jeffery Duke of Lorain but having no Issue by her he sent for Maud his Daughter who had been married to the Emperor her Husband being at that time dead and calling a Parliament caused Stephen his Sisters Son with his Nobles to swear her as to his lawful and now only Heir when sailing into Normandy after the toil of hunting eating a great meal of Lampries he presently fell sick and after seven days sickness dyed in the Town of St. Denis Anno 1135 his body was brought to Reading and buried in the Abby himself had founded and his Bowels and Brain at Roan nor did he dye without suspition of being poisoned for the very sent that came from his Brain was the death of the Physician that took it out The Wives of this King were two viz. Maud Daughter to Malcolm King of Scotland and Adilicia Daughter to Godfry Duke of Lorain his lawful Issue by the first was William and Maud by the last he had none yet is held to have fourteen Illegitimate Children He built many Abbies and Monasteries and was very charitable to the Poor In his time many Prodigies appeared and the Ground rent by an Earthquake sent forth such flames as destroyed some and indangered the lives of more He was King of England and Duke of Normandy fourth Son to William the Conqueror beginning his Reign Anno 1100 and Reigning 35 years being the 23 Monarch of England dying in the 65 year of his Age. Thus falls another Monarch soon or late All Crowns and Scepters in the dust must set All breath of Life the lowly and the high Must leave this narrow stage for vast Eternity The Reign of King Stephen with his Memorable Actions c. STephen Earl of Bloys Son to Adilicia Daughter to William the Conqueror and Stephen Earl of Bloys notwithstanding he had sworn Fealty to the Empress Maud laid claim to the Kingdom and by the interest and policy of his Brother Henry Bishop of Winchester and Roger Bishop of Sarum as also one Hugh Bigot who swore that King Henry upon his Death-bed taking a distaste at his Daughters proceedings had disenherited her and appointed this Stephen to succeed him in his Kingdom of England and Dukedom of Normandy so that upon these and other interests that were made he was Crowned at Westminster on St. Stephen's day Anno 1135 by William Curboil Archbishop of Canterbury the Prelates swearing to hold him King so long as he should preserve their Churches Rights and the Lay-Barrons in like manner swore Allegiance to him so long as he should keep his Covenants with them in preserving their Rights and Priviledges so that he accepted of the Crown and owned his Right as by Election The Charter containing his peoples Franchises Liberties and Immunities which he obliged himself to maintain he Signed and Sealed it at Oxford which was That all Liberties Customs Possessions granted to the Church should be firm and in force That Persons and Causes Ecclesiastical should appertain only to Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction That Church vacancies and the Goods of Church-men should be at the sole dispose of the Clergy That all ill usage touching Forests Exactions c. should be abolished and the Antient Laws restored to their Purity And for his security against the expected storm he caused or suffered many Castles to be erected which afterwards proved to his detriment This King took quiet possession of the Throne and had an interrupted Series of Tranquility for a time but by degrees the distractions came on that turned the Land into a seat of War for many years Baldwin de Redners was the first that openly began to declare himself in favour of the Empress Maud and hereupon the Welshmen took up Arms and falling upon the English not altogether provided gave them a considerable overthrow Nor did David King of the Scots forbear to invade this Kingdom and the Wesh incouraged by their former success continued to spoil the Frontiers and under the favour of another Scotish Invasion wherein under the leading of their King the Scots committed almost unparallel outrages The Nobles conspired against King Stephen betaking them to their respective Castles and strong Holds declaring that they were slighted and rejected in favour of the Flemmings and especially one Willinm de Ypre his chief counsellor and privado to follow whose directions he had neglected that of his Peers But the Scots instead of assisting these Lords making many other Invasions made great spoil and havock of their Houses Castles and Estates seeming rather to aim at a conquest than any thing less So that those in the North marched against them and being animated by Thurstan Archbishop of York by whose Authority Ralph Bishop of Durham being made General undertook but by what Warrant I know not to forgive the sins of all that should fall in Battle and secure them from punishments and pains in another Life the English fell on with such fury that they drove the Scots out of the Field with great slaughter nor could the presence of their King and the Prince his Son restrain them from open flight into Scotland and King Stephen following this advantage obliged them to sue for Peace however he found himself but slenderly assured in the Hearts of his People especially of the Nobles which made him prepare for the worst and hearing the Empress Maud was landed with a small train not exceeding 140 men at Arundel he hasted to oppose her but she being a Woman of great Policy coloured over her Intentions protested she came in peace only to spend the remainder of her days in a Country wherewith she was so much delighted and although the King had some little mistrust he nevertheless dissembled it and gave her Royal Entertainment causing her to be conveyed to the City of Bristol appointing it for her reception scarce had the Empress continued at Bristol two Months before she privately withdrew to Wallingford expecting the Forces her Brother Earl Robert was raising on her behalf But the King having notice of many underhand contrivances besieged that place whilst his Brother the Bishop of Winchester under a pretence of friendship and important