liberty_n or_o freedom_n as_o whether_o he_o be_v a_o freeman_n or_o not_o or_o when_o the_o controversy_n be_v concern_v a_o inheritance_n in_o all_o other_o case_n the_o earl_n or_o come_v distrain_v they_o and_o the_o proceed_n be_v by_o distress_n by_o the_o word_n distringere_fw-la in_o the_o old_a german_a law_n be_v use_v as_o in_o we_o to_o force_v man_n to_o appear_v in_o court_n or_o give_v satisfaction_n by_o take_v a_o distress_n distringas_fw-la from_o the_o come_v after_o summons_n a_o method_n use_v this_o day_n in_o many_o if_o not_o all_o of_o our_o county_n and_o hundred_o court_n in_o this_o nation_n and_o if_o after_o the_o second_o summons_n they_o appear_v not_o all_o their_o good_n be_v seize_v ll._n longob_n lib._n 2._o tit._n 43._o c._n 2.4_o ll._n boioar._n tit._n 6._o also_o qui_fw-la ad_fw-la mallum_n legibus_fw-la mannitus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la &_o non_fw-la venerit_fw-la si_fw-la eum_fw-la sunnis_fw-la contain_v sunnis_fw-la sunnis_n a_o impediment_n or_o excuse_n hence_o the_o barbarous_a latin_a exonia_n and_o the_o french_a essoin_fw-fr and_o from_o they_o it_o come_v into_o our_o law_n and_o in_o cast_v and_o plead_v essoin_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o our_o old_a law_n be_v contain_v non_fw-la detinuerit_fw-la sol_fw-la 15._o culpabilis_fw-la judicetur_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o any_o man_n according_a to_o law_n be_v summon_v to_o the_o mall_n and_o come_v not_o if_o he_o have_v no_o excuse_n or_o impediment_n he_o be_v punish_v fifteen_o shilling_n so_o the_o second_o and_o so_o the_o three_o time_n the_o four_o time_n he_o be_v in_o contempt_n and_o his_o possession_n be_v seize_v until_o he_o appear_v and_o give_v satisfaction_n in_o the_o matter_n for_o which_o he_o be_v summon_v and_o if_o he_o have_v no_o propriety_n of_o his_o own_o his_o fee_n if_o he_o have_v one_o be_v seize_v the_o first_o summons_n be_v upon_o a_o week_n notice_n the_o second_o a_o fourteenight_n the_o three_o three_o week_n and_o the_o four_o 42_o night_n or_o six_o week_n the_o summons_n be_v thus_o make_v he_o that_o summon_v another_o man_n go_v to_o his_o house_n with_o witness_n make_v how_o summons_n be_v make_v and_o summon_v he_o in_o his_o own_o person_n but_o if_o he_o find_v he_o not_o he_o give_v his_o wife_n notice_n or_o any_o of_o his_o family_n that_o they_o shall_v tell_v he_o he_o be_v summon_v which_o be_v sufficient_a ll._n salique_a tit._n 1._o §_o 3._o and_o in_o many_o other_o law_n it_o be_v probable_a the_o come_v make_v his_o summons_n by_o a_o writ_n or_o short_a writing_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o citation_n a_o form_n of_o which_o be_v extant_a in_o marculph_n formulae_fw-la n._n 116._o as_o to_o the_o english_a saxon_n mr._n lambard_n 65._o lambard_n arch._n p._n 64_o 65._o think_v their_o proceed_n in_o judgement_n be_v the_o plano_fw-la and_o without_o solemnity_n they_o use_v for_o aught_o he_o can_v observe_v not_o to_o call_v the_o party_n by_o writ_n or_o writing_n but_o send_v for_o they_o by_o certain_a messenger_n or_o minister_n such_o as_o we_o from_o the_o norman_n call_v sergeant_n from_o the_o latin_a serviens_fw-la a_o servant_n and_o if_o they_o do_v use_v any_o writ_n it_o be_v strange_a the_o form_n of_o some_o of_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v find_v in_o the_o leiger_n or_o book_n of_o some_o of_o our_o old_a monastery_n or_o in_o some_o of_o our_o old_a historian_n yet_o one_o there_o be_v in_o spelm._n gloss_n cite_v out_o of_o the_o book_n of_o ramsey_n in_o hardy-cnute's_a time_n about_o 1041._o a_o possessionary_a writ_n to_o the_o burgher_n of_o thetford_n by_o which_o he_o will_v and_o command_v that_o aethelstane_n abbot_n of_o ramesey_n shall_v have_v his_o house_n or_o farm_n in_o thetford_n in_o norfolk_n as_o full_o and_o free_o etc._n etc._n but_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o late_a date_n and_o make_v after_o the_o norman_a mode_n by_o the_o stile_n of_o it_o and_o put_v in_o here_o to_o secure_v the_o title_n though_o we_o have_v no_o clear_a example_n of_o the_o process_n and_o judgement_n here_o in_o the_o english_a saxon_a time_n yet_o we_o find_v some_o very_a ancient_a among_o the_o german_n by_o which_o we_o may_v receive_v some_o light_n perhaps_o how_o they_o proceed_v in_o this_o nation_n germany_n nation_n appendix_n the_o form_n of_o a_o judgement_n in_o old_a germany_n one_o hrothelm_n come_v to_o the_o public_a mall_n for_o the_o hear_n of_o all_o cause_n hold_v by_o humfrid_n earl_n of_o rhaetia_n in_o his_o court_n in_o the_o field_n the_o seven_o year_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a anno_fw-la dom._n 807._o or_o there_o about_o complain_v to_o the_o come_v and_o claim_v a_o house_n unjust_o withhold_v from_o he_o the_o earl_n call_v together_o the_o witness_n which_o be_v of_o the_o very_a country_n where_o the_o house_n be_v and_o charge_v they_o upon_o their_o oath_n that_o they_o shall_v speak_v the_o truth_n what_o they_o know_v in_o that_o cause_n and_o they_o say_v they_o know_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o house_n and_o the_o ground_n that_o one_o mado_n have_v border_v upon_o it_o and_o they_o set_v out_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o house_n and_o land_n what_o belong_v to_o hrothelm_v and_o what_o to_o mado_n than_o he_o command_v they_o to_o go_v upon_o the_o place_n and_o show_v the_o bound_n which_o they_o do_v and_o fix_v the_o bound_n between_o the_o two_o dwelling_n as_o they_o have_v say_v and_o the_o earl_n direct_v many_o noble_n there_o present_a to_o go_v with_o they_o this_o be_v do_v the_o come_v ask_v the_o scabin_n what_o they_o will_v judge_v in_o that_o cause_n and_o they_o say_v according_a to_o the_o testimony_n of_o those_o man_n and_o his_o inquisition_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_o these_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o witness_n or_o juror_n valeriano_n burgolfo_n vrsone_n stefano_n majornio_n valerio_n leontio_n victore_fw-la maurestone_n frontiano_n florentio_n siptone_n valentiano_n quintello_n stradaris_n these_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o scabin_n flavino_n orcisino_n odmaro_n alexandro_n eusebio_n maurentio_n and_o very_o many_o other_o append_v n._n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5._o in_o append_v see_v the_o judgement_n its_o self_n in_o barbarous_a provincial_a latin_n and_o that_o these_o testes_fw-la be_v the_o same_o we_o call_v juror_n or_o juryman_n be_v evident_a from_o the_o law_n of_o the_o longob_n lib._n 2._o tit._n 51._o de_fw-la testibus_fw-la the_o best_a person_n in_o every_o territory_n or_o city_n against_o which_o there_o be_v no_o crime_n be_v testes_fw-la and_o juror_n the_o same_o in_o pago_fw-la vel_fw-la civitate_fw-la what_o sort_n of_o man_n the_o testes_fw-la be_v to_o be_v be_v to_o be_v witness_n c._n 3._o the_o come_v or_o judge_n be_v to_o admit_v none_o of_o ill_a fame_n in_o their_o country_n to_o be_v witness_n c._n 7._o witness_n not_o to_o be_v of_o any_o other_o county_n nisi_fw-la de_fw-fr illo_fw-la comitatu_fw-la where_o the_o thing_n in_o controversy_n be_v because_o it_o be_v presume_v none_o can_v know_v better_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o a_o man_n whether_o free_a or_o a_o slave_n or_o the_o possession_n of_o any_o man_n better_a than_o their_o neighbour_n such_o as_o be_v near_a they_o c._n 11._o such_o freeman_n only_o as_o have_v a_o propriety_n of_o their_o own_o be_v admit_v to_o be_v witness_n and_o not_o tenant_n or_o such_o as_o reside_v upon_o their_o lord_n land_n and_o have_v no_o propriety_n of_o their_o own_o yet_o such_o may_v be_v conjurator_n of_o other_o freeman_n because_o they_o be_v freeman_n c._n 15._o capit._fw-la car._n &_o ludou._n lib._n 5._o c._n 150._o now_o let_v any_o man_n consider_v these_o qualification_n of_o their_o witness_n and_o he_o must_v think_v they_o the_o same_o with_o our_o ancient_a juror_n or_o juryman_n in_o england_n for_o witness_n in_o private_a cause_n between_o man_n and_o man_n can_v not_o be_v capable_a of_o these_o circumstance_n and_o that_o in_o all_o probability_n juror_n be_v use_v all_o old_a germany_n over_o before_o we_o have_v they_o here_o and_o also_o that_o the_o twelve_o thanes_z mention_v in_o king_n edgar_n law_n be_v scabin_n inferior_a judge_n and_o assessor_n with_o the_o alderman_n and_o not_o juror_n somewhat_o like_o our_o justice_n of_o peace_n at_o our_o assize_n before_o the_o conquest_n and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o make_v the_o survey_n on_o doomesday-book_n the_o juror_n here_o be_v also_o call_v witness_n ll._n canut_n polit_fw-la c._n 76._o he_o that_o have_v defend_v or_o secure_v his_o land_n by_o the_o testimony_n or_o witness_n of_o the_o county_n be_v scire_fw-la gewitness_n and_o in_o doomsday_n the_o verdict_n of_o the_o jury_n be_v often_o call_v the_o testimony_n or_o witness_n of_o the_o county_n or_o hundred_o clamores_fw-la de_fw-la eurwicscire_fw-la north_n trede_n homines_fw-la qui_fw-la
grow_v every_o day_n more_o dissolute_a all_o the_o kingdom_n over_o for_o which_o cause_n the_o king_n call_v the_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o clergy_n to_o london_n and_o crime_n and_o ibid._n c._n 23._o he_o urge_v the_o bishop_n that_o clerc_n may_v be_v try_v by_o the_o secular_a law_n for_o enormous_a crime_n have_v tell_v they_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o be_v call_v together_o and_o urgent_o press_v that_o clerc_v take_v for_o or_o accuse_v of_o enormous_a crime_n may_v be_v leave_v to_o his_o officer_n and_o not_o have_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o church_n he_o most_o earnest_o require_v by_o advice_n of_o such_o as_o have_v skill_n in_o both_o law_n that_o such_o clerc_n may_v present_o be_v degrade_v and_o tradantur_fw-la and_o curiae_fw-la tradantur_fw-la deliver_v to_o the_o court_n whence_o some_o very_a learned_a man_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o king_n favour_n do_v affirm_v that_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v send_v into_o exile_n or_o thrust_v into_o a_o monastery_n by_o the_o canon_n law_n but_o rather_o be_v to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o court_n that_o be_v they_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o secular_a judgement_n the_o it_o the_o ibid._n the_o archbishop_n neither_o can_v or_o will_v bear_v it_o archbishop_n with_o the_o bishop_n of_o his_o province_n have_v consult_v their_o learned_a man_n be_v much_o concern_v for_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o clergy_n answer_v to_o these_o thing_n clear_o and_o probable_o or_o perhaps_o by_o proof_n luculent_a satis_fw-la &_o probabiliter_fw-la respondent_fw-la according_a to_o the_o canonical_a institution_n of_o ancient_a father_n and_o in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o speech_n with_o much_o devotion_n beseech_v his_o royal_a clemency_n etc._n clemency_n regiâ—m_fw-la objecrabat_fw-la clementiam_fw-la â—esub_fw-la novo_fw-la rege_fw-la christo_fw-la &_o sub_fw-la nova_fw-la christi_fw-la lege_fw-la in_fw-la novam_fw-la &_o peculiarem_fw-la domini_fw-la sortem_fw-la contra_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la patrum_fw-la instituta_fw-la novam_fw-la per_fw-la regnum_fw-la suum_fw-la induceret_fw-la cohertionem_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o he_o will_v not_o under_o a_o new_a king_n christ_n and_o under_o a_o new_a law_n of_o christ_n introduce_v into_o a_o new_a and_o peculiar_a lot_n of_o the_o lord_n contrary_a to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o ancient_a father_n a_o new_a way_n of_o coercion_n into_o his_o own_o kingdom_n and_o this_o he_o beg_v for_o the_o king_n sake_n and_o the_o quiet_a and_o stability_n of_o his_o kingdom_n often_o humble_o inculcate_v that_o he_o neither_o can_v or_o will_v bear_v it_o but_o the_o law_n the_o ibid._n c._n 24._o he_o require_v the_o observation_n of_o his_o law_n king_n not_o move_v with_o his_o importunity_n demand_v more_o earnest_o whether_o he_o and_o the_o bishop_n will_v observe_v his_o royal_a answer_n royal_a consuetudines_fw-la suay_n regias_fw-la the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n answer_v they_o will_v observe_v they_o save_v their_o order_n the_o king_n angry_a at_o their_o answer_n law_n and_o custom_n add_v that_o in_o his_o grandfather_n time_n they_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n chief_z man_n and_o privilege_a person_n and_o that_o now_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v set_v aside_o the_o archbishop_n after_o consultation_n with_o his_o brethren_n answer_v they_o will_v observe_v they_o salvo_fw-la ordine_fw-la svo_fw-la and_o the_o bishop_n be_v ask_v one_o by_o one_o give_v the_o same_o answer_n only_a hilary_n bishop_n of_o chichester_n change_v the_o phrase_n say_v he_o will_v observe_v the_o king_n custom_n or_o law_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la in_o good_a faith_n the_o king_n be_v angry_a at_o the_o answer_n and_o reservation_n of_o the_o archbishop_n and_o other_o bishop_n and_o depart_v from_o they_o most_o of_o the_o archbishop_n the_o ibid._n c._n 25._o the_o bishop_n desert_n the_o archbishop_n bishop_n desert_n the_o archbishop_n and_o he_o a_o long_a time_n persist_v in_o his_o denial_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o exhortation_n of_o they_o and_o persuasion_n of_o the_o secular_a great_a man_n yet_o at_o length_n he_o come_v to_o the_o king_n at_o oxford_n and_o promise_v to_o change_v those_o word_n salvo_fw-la ordine_fw-la svo_fw-la save_v his_o order_n which_o give_v he_o so_o much_o trouble_v hereupon_o the_o king_n clarendon_n king_n ibidem_fw-la c._n 26._o the_o council_n at_o clarendon_n call_v the_o bishop_n and_o great_a man_n to_o clarendon_n where_o he_o exact_v the_o promise_n of_o the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n and_o by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o man_n and_o norwich_n and_o two_o of_o the_o great_a earl_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o other_o great_a person_n send_v from_o the_o king_n he_o promise_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la and_o in_o verbo_fw-la veritatis_fw-la in_o good_a faith_n and_o in_o the_o word_n of_o truth_n law_n the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n promise_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la and_o in_o verbo_fw-la veritatis_fw-la to_o observe_v the_o king_n royal_a law_n to_o observe_v the_o king_n law_n leave_v out_o the_o word_n salvo_fw-la ordine_fw-la svo_fw-la and_o all_o the_o bishop_n do_v the_o like_a and_o then_o those_o royal_a custom_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o form_n and_o cause_v to_o be_v write_v by_o the_o great_a man_n and_o recognize_v by_o they_o in_o this_o council_n escape_v council_n ib._n c._n 27.28_o the_o king_n require_v the_o bishop_n to_o put_v their_o seal_n to_o their_o acknowledgement_n the_o arch_a bishop_n repent_v and_o refuse_v and_o endeavour_n to_o escape_v the_o king_n require_v the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n to_o confirm_v their_o acknowledgement_n of_o his_o law_n by_o put_v thereunto_o their_o seal_n the_o archbishop_n repent_v he_o of_o his_o promise_n and_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o and_o resolve_v to_o go_v private_o unto_o the_o pope_n which_o he_o attempt_v and_o have_v be_v twice_o at_o sea_n be_v both_o time_n drive_v back_o this_o escape_v this_o ibidem_fw-la c._n 30._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1164._o the_o king_n angry_a at_o his_o endeavour_n to_o escape_v attempt_n much_o heighten_v the_o king_n displeasure_n against_o he_o and_o he_o cause_v he_o peremptory_o to_o be_v cite_v at_o a_o certain_a day_n to_o answer_v such_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v object_v against_o he_o the_o king_n also_o by_o a_o strict_a edict_n confiscate_v edict_n regni_fw-la episcopi_fw-la vniversi_fw-la &_o proceres_fw-la exit_fw-la edicto_fw-la regio_fw-la districtissimè_fw-la convocantur_fw-la the_o bishop_n and_o great_a man_n judge_v all_o his_o movable_n to_o be_v confiscate_v call_v together_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o meet_v at_o northampton_n where_o the_o archbishop_n appear_v not_o in_o person_n according_a to_o his_o citation_n though_o he_o send_v his_o answer_n and_o excuse_v for_o which_o cause_n by_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o those_o bishop_n and_o great_a man_n all_o his_o movable_n be_v confiscate_v this_o he_o say_v be_v a_o new_a form_n of_o judgement_n according_a to_o the_o new_a canon_n or_o law_n make_v at_o clarendon_n for_o it_o be_v never_o hear_v of_o before_o that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n shall_v be_v try_v in_o the_o king_n court_n for_o any_o cause_n whatsoever_o both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o his_o church_n and_o person_n and_o that_o because_o he_o be_v spiritual_a father_n of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o all_o in_o the_o kingdom_n but_o he_o complain_v more_o of_o his_o brethren_n and_o fellow-bishop_n than_o he_o do_v of_o the_o judgement_n or_o the_o lay_v person_n judge_v of_o he_o etc._n etc._n ibidem_fw-la etc._n ibidem_fw-la veruntamen_fw-la multo_fw-la magis_fw-la quam_fw-la de_fw-la judicio_fw-la vel_fw-la de_fw-la proceribus_fw-la judicantibus_fw-la de_fw-la consratribus_fw-la suis_fw-la &_o coepiscopis_fw-la querebatur_fw-la novam_fw-la formam_fw-la &_o ordinem_fw-la judiciorum_fw-la dictos_fw-la invenisse_fw-la ut_fw-la archipraesul_n à _fw-la suis_fw-la suffraganeis_fw-la aut_fw-la pater_fw-la à _fw-la filiis_fw-la judicetur_fw-la the_o king_n in_o the_o it_o the_o ibidem_fw-la c._n 31._o 500_o l._n charge_v upon_o the_o archbishop_n security_n give_v for_o it_o second_o day_n of_o this_o council_n require_v five_o hundred_o pound_n of_o the_o archbishop_n which_o he_o say_v he_o have_v borrow_v of_o he_o the_o archbishop_n affirm_v the_o king_n give_v he_o the_o money_n which_o notwithstanding_o when_o he_o can_v not_o prove_v it_o be_v adjudge_v against_o he_o and_o the_o king_n exact_v caution_n and_o the_o archbishop_n make_v some_o delay_n it_o be_v tell_v he_o he_o must_v either_o pay_v the_o money_n or_o go_v to_o prison_n but_o some_o man_n see_v his_o friend_n and_o suffragans_fw-la forsake_v he_o voluntary_o offer_v themselves_o as_o surety_n for_o he_o and_o five_o not_o there_o name_v become_v bind_v every_o one_o in_o a_o hundred_o pound_n on_o the_o 34._o the_o c._n 34._o last_o day_n of_o the_o council_n before_o he_o enter_v into_o the_o court_n the_o bishop_n come_v to_o he_o astonish_v and_o affright_v at_o the_o thing_n they_o have_v hear_v whence_o compliance_n whence_o
the_o great_a esteem_v the_o common-law_n of_o germany_n and_o in_o many_o matter_n be_v esteem_v the_o commune_fw-la law_n of_o germany_n as_o be_v clear_a in_o lib._n 2._o leg_n longobard_fw-mi tit._n 56._o romani_fw-la successiones_fw-la juxta_fw-la illorum_fw-la legem_fw-la habeant_fw-la similiter_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la scriptiones_fw-la secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la svam_fw-la faciant_fw-la &_o quando_fw-la jurant_fw-la juxta_fw-la legem_fw-la svam_fw-la jurent_fw-la et_fw-la alii_fw-la similiter_fw-la faciant_fw-la et_fw-la quando_fw-la componunt_fw-la juxta_fw-la legem_fw-la ipsius_fw-la cujus_fw-la malum_fw-la fecerint_fw-la componant_fw-la &_o longobardo_n illos_fw-la convenit_fw-la similiter_fw-la componere_fw-la de_fw-fr caeteris_fw-la vero_fw-la causis_fw-la communi_fw-la lege_fw-la vivre_fw-fr quam_fw-la dominus_fw-la carolus_n excellentissimus_fw-la rex_fw-la franconum_fw-la atque_fw-la longobardorum_fw-la in_o edictum_fw-la adjunxit_fw-la that_o be_v the_o roman_n may_v have_v their_o succession_n in_o good_n or_o estate_n according_a to_o their_o law_n and_o likewise_o may_v make_v all_o their_o write_n or_o chart_n according_a to_o their_o law_n and_o when_o they_o swear_v or_o make_v oath_n of_o any_o thing_n they_o may_v swear_v according_a to_o their_o law_n and_o other_o nation_n or_o people_n may_v do_v the_o like_a and_o when_o they_o compound_v for_o any_o fault_n or_o injury_n do_v by_o they_o they_o may_v compound_v pay_v the_o mulct_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o he_o people_n of_o many_o nation_n live_v at_o this_o time_n promiscuous_o together_o unto_o who_o they_o shall_v do_v injury_n concern_v other_o cause_n they_o may_v live_v according_a to_o the_o commune_fw-la law_n which_o charles_n the_o most_o excellent_a king_n of_o the_o franc_n and_o longobard_n unite_v into_o a_o edict_n above_o this_o law_n stand_v carolus_n imperator_n as_o make_v by_o he_o which_o be_v charles_n the_o gross_a great_a grandchild_n to_o charles_n the_o great_a and_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o empire_n of_o germany_n 877._o antiq._n alaman_n tom._n 2._o part._n 1._o fol._n 4._o own_o the_o german_n will_v not_o admit_v the_o roman-law_n or_o any_o other_o but_o their_o own_o whatever_o these_o law_n seem_v to_o be_v to_o other_o yet_o they_o so_o esteem_v they_o as_o they_o will_v admit_v no_o other_o law_n of_o other_o nation_n in_o their_o judgement_n or_o decision_n of_o controversy_n yet_o permit_v man_n to_o read_v they_o for_o equity_n sake_n and_o to_o better_v their_o understanding_n though_o they_o prohibit_v the_o use_n of_o they_o in_o their_o court_n and_o convention_n for_o this_o reason_n that_o though_o they_o entertain_v very_o many_o eloquent_a sentence_n and_o constitution_n yet_o they_o abound_v in_o difficulty_n and_o for_o that_o a_o plain_a order_n of_o word_n be_v sufficient_a and_o most_o fit_a for_o the_o do_v of_o justice_n therefore_o they_o will_v not_o be_v vex_v with_o the_o roman_a law_n or_o any_o foreign_a institution_n leg._n wisigoth_n lib._n 2._o tit._n 1._o leg._n 9_o 10._o capit._fw-la caroli_n &_o ludou._n lib._n 6._o tit._n 269._o thus_o have_v show_v the_o origin_n or_o time_n when_o our_o saxon_a and_o the_o german_a law_n begin_v to_o be_v write_v let_v we_o proceed_v to_o see_v what_o agreement_n and_o likeness_n there_o be_v between_o they_o i_o shall_v be_v troublesome_a to_o the_o reader_n to_o no_o purpose_n shall_v i_o here_o insert_v all_o the_o law_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a and_o germane_a that_o be_v like_o one_o another_o or_o the_o very_a same_o for_o substance_n and_o matter_n though_o the_o mulct_n or_o penalty_n may_v be_v great_a or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o legislator_n and_o the_o exigency_n of_o different_a case_n the_o matter_n law_n our_o saxon-law_n be_v to_o be_v find_v among_o the_o old_a german_a law_n and_o in_o most_o of_o they_o the_o manner_n be_v the_o same_o although_o different_a in_o some_o circumstance_n and_o there_o be_v not_o one_o law_n publish_v by_o lambard_n but_o either_o its_o self_n or_o the_o matter_n and_o substance_n of_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v over_o and_o over_o again_o in_o the_o german_a law_n same_o the_o english_a and_o german_a law_n for_o murder_n the_o same_o their_o law_n for_o punish_a manslaughter_n and_o murder_n by_o pecuniary_a mulct_n be_v alike_o only_o different_a in_o the_o sum_n or_o penalty_n impose_v ll._n inae_fw-la c._n 33._o alured_n c._n 26._o edmund_n c._n 3._o ethelred_n in_o faeder_n cum_fw-la antavo_fw-la c._n 5._o senatus_n consult_v de_fw-fr montic_n walliae_fw-la c._n 5._o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v find_v among_o the_o german_a law_n as_o ll._n fris_n tit._n 1.17_o and_o 20._o saxon_n tit._n 2._o ripuar_n c._n 7_o 8_o 9_o 10_o 11_o 12_o 13_o 14_o 16_o 36._o boioar._n tit._n 18._o c._n 2._o alaman_fw-mi tit._n 49.76_o salique_a tit._n 61._o anglor_n tit._n 1._o c._n 9_o and_o as_o by_o some_o of_o our_o saxon_a law_n kill_v a_o man_n be_v death_n praefat._n in_o leg._n alured_n c._n 13._o so_o be_v it_o by_o the_o german_a law_n capit._n car._n lib._n 6._o tit._n 5.39_o ibid._n lib._n 7._o tit._n 183._o banishment_n for_o manslaughter_n ll._n canut_n c._n 6._o capit._fw-la car._n lib._n 4._o tit._n 20._o in_o some_o of_o these_o forecited_a german-law_n man-killing_a be_v call_v mordritum_n in_o other_o mordrido_n or_o mortando_n conquest_n mordrum_n use_v in_o the_o german_a law_n not_o find_v in_o we_o till_o after_o the_o conquest_n but_o in_o the_o german-saxon_a law_n tit._n 2._o §_o 6._o it_o be_v call_v mordrum_n which_o word_n nor_o any_o thing_n like_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o our_o english_a saxon_n law_n though_o it_o occur_v often_o in_o william_n the_o conqueror_n law_n and_o the_o law_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o the_o word_n be_v from_o the_o german_a ermorden_n or_o morden_n to_o kill_v a_o man_n base_o and_o privy_o as_o thief_n use_v to_o do_v herman_n comit._n nuenarii_n exposit_n verb._n ante_fw-la egginhart_n ll._n christin_n tit._n 20._o §_o 2._o siquis_fw-la hominem_fw-la occiderit_fw-la &_o absconderit_fw-la quod_fw-la mordritum_fw-la vocant_fw-la the_o mulct_n common_o for_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n be_v his_o wergild_n that_o be_v the_o value_n of_o his_o head_n or_o life_n out_o of_o which_o slay_v the_o mulct_n for_o murder_n common_o the_o wergild_a or_o value_n of_o he_o that_o be_v slay_v if_o he_o be_v a_o servant_n his_o master_n or_o patron_n have_v a_o part_n or_o compensation_n for_o his_o loss_n which_o be_v call_v manbote_n ll._n inae_fw-la c._n 69._o ll._n fris_n tit._n 1._o §_o 3.6_o 9_o 10._o and_o for_o this_o purpose_n the_o weregilds_n of_o almost_o every_o person_n from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o low_a be_v settle_v and_o name_v in_o both_o the_o english-saxon_a and_o german_a law_n ll._n ethelstani_fw-la towards_o the_o end_n capit._fw-la car._n lib._n 3._o c._n 25._o qui_fw-la subdiaconum_fw-la occiderit_fw-la 300_o solid_a componat_fw-la qui_fw-la diaconum_fw-la 400_o qui_fw-la presbyterum_fw-la 600_o england_n the_o weregilds_n or_o value_n of_o the_o life_n of_o every_o person_n set_v in_o germany_n as_o well_o as_o england_n qui_fw-la episcopum_fw-la 900_o qui_fw-la monachus_fw-la 400_o ll._n ripuar_n tit._n 36._o §_o 11._o boioar._n tit._n 2._o c._n 20._o §_o 4._o where_o the_o weregild_n of_o a_o duke_n be_v 9060_o shilling_n ll._n fris_n tit._n 15._o where_o the_o wergild_v of_o a_o nobleman_n freeman_n countryman_n and_o slave_n or_o servant_n be_v all_o particular_o mention_v and_o as_o among_o the_o english-saxons_a half_a or_o part_n of_o the_o be_v be_v give_v to_o the_o parent_n or_o relation_n of_o the_o slay_a person_n ll._n inae_fw-la c._n 20_o 23._o so_o among_o the_o german_n ll._n longobard_fw-mi lib._n 1._o tit._n 9_o §_o 2._o fris_n tit._n 1._o as_o above_o next_o after_o the_o law_n of_o homicide_n and_o murder_n we_o may_v show_v the_o agreement_n of_o the_o english_a and_o german_a law_n in_o punish_v theft_n injury_n trespass_n striking_n maim_v or_o maihen_v wound_v bloodshed_n dismember_a etc._n etc._n theft_n punish_v by_o mulct_n in_o the_o english_a saxon_a law_n punish_v theft_n how_o punish_v ll._n inae_fw-la c._n 7_o 13_o 14_o 15_o 21._o senatus_n consult_v de_fw-fr montic_n wall_n c._n 4._o ll._n canut_n c._n 59.6_o it_o be_v also_o penal_a by_o the_o german-law_n ll._n boioar._n tit._n 8._o ripuar_n tit._n 7.18_o fris._n tit._n 3._o angl._n tit._n 7._o longobard_fw-mi lib._n 1._o tit._n 25._o yet_o by_o the_o german_a saxon_a law_n it_o be_v death_n to_o steal_v a_o horse_n or_o any_o thing_n by_o night_n or_o by_o day_n to_o the_o value_n of_o three_o shilling_n tit._n 4._o slander_n defamation_n miscal_v punish_v by_o mulct_n punish_v slander_n and_o defamation_n how_o punish_v bloodshed_n strike_v and_o fight_v etc._n etc._n how_o punish_v trespass_n how_o punish_v ll._n sal._n tit._n 32._o per_fw-la totum_fw-la for_o bloodshed_n strike_v maym_v wound_v dismember_a etc._n etc._n see_v ll._n alured_n c._n
to_o these_o meeting_n and_o he_o that_o neglect_v to_o come_v shall_v be_v punish_v fifteen_o shilling_n so_o it_o be_v here_o in_o the_o saxon_n time_n doomsday_n in_o the_o custom_n of_o arcenfield_n in_o hereford-shire_n si_fw-mi vicecomes_a evocet_fw-la eos_fw-la ad_fw-la sciremote_a meliores_fw-la ex_fw-la eye_v sex_n aut_fw-la septem_fw-la cum_fw-la eo_fw-la vadunt_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la vadit_fw-la vocatus_fw-la det_fw-la dvos_fw-la solidos_fw-la vel_fw-la unum_fw-la bovem_fw-la regi_fw-la 2d_o a_o ox_n value_v at_o 2d_o &_o qui_fw-la de_fw-la hundret_fw-la remanet_fw-la tantundem_fw-la solvit_fw-la and_o there_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o chester_n t._n r._n e._n erant_fw-la duodecim_fw-la judices_fw-la civitatis_fw-la &_o high_a erant_fw-la de_fw-la hominibus_fw-la feudatary_n or_o milites_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o episcopi_fw-la &_o comitis_fw-la horum_fw-la siquis_fw-la de_fw-la hundret_fw-la remanebat_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la sedebant_fw-la sine_fw-la excusatione_fw-la manifestâ_fw-la x._o solid_a emendebat_fw-la inter_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o comitem_fw-la and_o so_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o other_o place_n in_o doomsday_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n there_o be_v mulct_n and_o punishment_n to_o be_v find_v for_o such_o suitor_n as_o give_v not_o their_o attendance_n at_o the_o county_n and_o hundred_o court_n and_o further_o as_o we_o have_v our_o heretoch_n our_o 12_o time_n in_o a_o year_n ll._n ed._n conf._n c._n 35._o tit._n de_fw-fr heretoch_n hundred_o court_n ll._n edgari_n before_o cite_v ll._n ethelred_n c._n 4._o &_o leg_n polit_fw-la canut_n c._n 16._o so_o have_v the_o old_a german_n ll._n alaman_n tit._n 36._o §_o 1._o conventus_fw-la etc._n etc._n let_v the_o meeting_n or_o gemote_a according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n be_v in_o every_o hundred_o before_o the_o earl_n his_o commissary_n or_o the_o hundredary_n ibidem_fw-la §_o 2._o germany_n hundred_o court_n in_o germany_n let_v the_o court_n be_v from_o saturday_n to_o saturday_n or_o what_o day_n the_o earl_n or_o centenary_n shall_v think_v fit_a every_o seven_o fortnight_n seven_o the_o old_a german_n and_o saxon_n reckon_v their_o time_n by_o night_n instead_o of_o day_n and_o winter_n instead_o of_o year_n in_o some_o space_n of_o time_n we_o yet_o retain_v the_o custom_n as_o in_o seven_o night_n and_o fourteenight_v or_o fortnight_n night_n when_o we_o when_o in_o old_a germany_n all_o fray_n fight_v wound_v strive_v steal_v and_o all_o great_a offence_n and_o crime_n be_v account_v breach_n of_o the_o peace_n so_o be_v it_o here_o among_o the_o english_a saxon_n and_o at_o this_o day_n with_o we_o the_o peace_n be_v not_o well_o keep_v but_o when_o the_o peace_n shall_v be_v better_o keep_v than_o the_o hundred_o meeting_n shall_v be_v every_o fourteen_o night_n every_o freeman_n whatsoever_o he_o be_v whether_o the_o vassal_n of_o a_o duke_n or_o earl_n be_v punish_v twelve_o shilling_n if_o he_o come_v not_o to_o this_o meeting_n matter_n of_o less_o moment_n be_v determine_v in_o the_o german_a hundred_o court_n as_o well_o as_o in_o we_o ll._n longobard_fw-mi lib._n 2._o tit._n 52._o c._n 3._o court_n matter_n of_o less_o moment_n be_v â—riable_a in_o the_o hundred_o court_n no_o man_n in_o the_o court_n before_o the_o centenary_n shall_v be_v judge_v to_o death_n or_o to_o lose_v his_o liberty_n his_o estate_n or_o his_o slave_n but_o all_o such_o thing_n shall_v be_v judge_v before_o the_o earl_n or_o legate_n or_o commissioner_n county_n and_o the_o great_a matter_n be_v triable_a in_o the_o county_n that_o be_v in_o the_o county_n court_n where_o with_o they_o and_o we_o the_o title_n of_o estate_n in_o land_n be_v triable_a and_o last_o as_o we_o have_v our_o burghmote_n mention_v in_o our_o saxon_a law_n last_o cite_v so_o have_v the_o german_n in_o their_o municipia_fw-la burgh_n and_o city_n their_o court_n and_o judge_n their_o burgraves_n &_o civitatis_fw-la praeposit_v which_o magistrate_n be_v sometime_o call_v sculdais_n sculdasis_n scultetus_n or_o schults_n the_o tungreve_n burmester_n or_o burgomaster_n not_o unlike_o our_o major_n bailiff_n or_o alderman_n if_o the_o cause_n be_v such_o as_o the_o sculdais_n can_v not_o end_v it_o he_o be_v to_o direct_v both_o party_n to_o their_o judge_n which_o be_v the_o comes_fw-la pagi_fw-la or_o earl_n of_o the_o county_n where_o the_o city_n or_o town_n be_v ll._n longobard_fw-mi lib._n 2._o tit._n 41._o c._n 1.2_o the_o parity_n or_o identity_n of_o court_n be_v show_v the_o method_n of_o proceed_v in_o they_o shall_v be_v consider_v the_o very_a form_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v of_o what_o be_v do_v in_o the_o saxon_n time_n the_o learned_a 43._o learned_a praefat._n in_o auth._n decem_fw-la fol._n 43._o selden_n confess_v he_o can_v never_o find_v they_o some_o conjecture_n i_o shall_v make_v what_o be_v do_v here_o and_o show_v the_o proceed_n in_o germany_n it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o four_o of_o king_n ethelred_n law_n make_v at_o wanate_v brompton_n col_fw-fr 896._o &_o habeantur_fw-la placita_fw-la in_o singulis_fw-la wapentachiis_fw-la and_o let_v court_n be_v hold_v in_o every_o wapentach_n or_o hundred_o judge_n how_o the_o english_a saxon_n proceed_v in_o judgement_n the_o 12_o man_n mention_v in_o the_o saxon_a law_n be_v no_o juryman_n but_o judge_n and_o let_v twelve_o of_o the_o most_o know_v so_o i_o translate_v seniores_fw-la here_o thanes_z or_o freemen_n assemble_v and_o meet_v with_o the_o centenary_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o hundred_o so_o i_o render_v praepositus_fw-la and_o swear_v they_o will_v accuse_v no_o innocent_a person_n nor_o spare_v one_o that_o be_v guilty_a these_o twelve_o thanes_z be_v common_o take_v to_o be_v juror_n or_o juryman_n and_o the_o other_o twelve_o mention_v in_o 94._o in_o lamb._n fol._n 94._o senatus_n consulto_fw-la de_fw-fr montic_n wall_n six_o welch_n six_o english_a be_v take_v to_o be_v a_o jury_n ex_fw-la medietate_fw-la linguae_fw-la to_o try_v the_o welsh_a and_o english_a in_o those_o part_n but_o these_o last_o in_o the_o very_a law_n be_v say_v to_o be_v judge_n and_o lawyer_n and_o not_o juror_n and_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v in_o their_o whole_a estate_n if_o they_o judge_v not_o according_a to_o right_n and_o equity_n unless_o they_o can_v excuse_v themselves_o by_o pretend_v to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o other_o twelve_o thanes_z name_v in_o ethelred_n law_n be_v no_o other_o but_o judge_n or_o assessor_n with_o the_o hundredary_n reve_n or_o praepositus_fw-la and_o swear_v with_o he_o to_o do_v every_o man_n right_a and_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o comes_n the_o they_o be_v assessor_n to_o the_o come_v in_o his_o court_n or_o mall_n so_o call_v from_o the_o saxon_a racha_n a_o cause_n and_o burgus_n a_o burgh_n or_o city_n as_o if_o we_o shall_v say_v a_o city_n judge_n they_o be_v often_o mention_v in_o the_o salique_a and_o ripuarian_a law_n as_o assistant_n to_o the_o graffio_n or_o comes_n rachinburgii_n and_o and_o so_o call_v from_o the_o law_n the_o gryph_n weich_fw-ge sax._n c._n 64._o n._n 7._o they_o occur_v often_o in_o the_o german_a law_n saxon_a scheppen_n jubere_fw-la monere_fw-la and_o be_v assessor_n also_o with_o the_o count_n and_o sometime_o as_o officer_n under_o he_o judge_v cause_n a_o shadow_n of_o these_o we_o retain_v still_o in_o our_o word_n our_o coke_n in_o hund._n and_o county_n court_v inst_z 4_o c._n 55_o 56._o freeholders_n judge_n in_o county_n and_o hundred_o court_n note_n judgement_n give_v by_o the_o major_a and_o assessor_n in_o some_o of_o our_o corporation_n essoims_n what_o and_o whence_o that_o word_n county_n and_o hundred_o court_n where_o the_o freeholders_n sectatores_fw-la curiae_fw-la free-suitor_n be_v judge_n and_o judgement_n can_v be_v give_v in_o the_o court_n by_o the_o sheriff_n but_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o two_o three_o four_o or_o more_o of_o freeholders_n which_o be_v now_o hold_v sufficient_a to_o entitle_v they_o to_o be_v judge_n and_o the_o judgement_n there_o give_v in_o some_o also_o of_o our_o corporation_n there_o be_v assessor_n with_o the_o major_n or_o chief_a magistrate_n as_o in_o cambridge_n judgement_n be_v give_v by_o the_o major_a and_o bailiff_n which_o be_v four_o in_o number_n beside_o the_o alderman_n etc._n etc._n and_o we_o find_v in_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n in_o doomsday_n there_o be_v twelve_o judge_n of_o that_o city_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n which_o be_v the_o man_n or_o feudatary_n of_o the_o king_n bishop_n and_o earl_n scabini_fw-la of_o the_o german_n which_o be_v judge_n coadjutor_n and_o assessor_n with_o the_o come_v and_o other_o inferior_a judge_n distress_n the_o german_n cause_v appearance_n by_o summons_n and_o distress_n the_o german_n have_v two_o way_n of_o proccee_a one_o by_o summons_n which_o in_o their_o law_n be_v call_v mannitio_fw-la and_o that_o only_a in_o two_o case_n when_o the_o question_n be_v about_o a_o man_n
himself_o than_o the_o battle_n be_v array_v as_o in_o this_o chapter_n be_v further_o describe_v but_o if_o there_o be_v none_o to_o make_v suit_n or_o clamour_v of_o murder_n against_o a_o suspect_a person_n accuse_v by_o common_a fame_n the_o justice_n may_v put_v he_o in_o prison_n and_o examine_v he_o before_o four_o knight_n man_n four_o knight_n 24_o lawful_a man_n and_o may_v cause_v a_o jury_n of_o four_o and_o twenty_o of_o the_o most_o discreet_a and_o lawful_a man_n that_o can_v be_v find_v in_o or_o about_o the_o place_n where_o the_o murder_n be_v commit_v which_o be_v suppose_v best_a to_o know_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o case_n and_o how_o it_o be_v do_v and_o by_o these_o to_o try_v he_o he_o have_v his_o challenge_n allow_v to_o any_o of_o they_o but_o what_o twenty_o of_o they_o say_v be_v to_o remain_v good_a without_o contradiction_n murder_n c._n 70._o appeal_v of_o murder_n of_o murder_n and_o homicide_n the_o next_o of_o kin_n may_v have_v the_o suit_n etc._n etc._n if_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n be_v not_o of_o age_n than_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n to_o he_o that_o be_v so_o 6._o c_o 71_o 72_o 73_o 74_o 75._o glanv_n lib._n 14._o c._n 4_o 5_o 6._o appeal_n or_o suit_v of_o robbery_n of_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n when_o a_o man_n have_v give_v security_n in_o court_n of_o his_o peaceable_a behaviour_n towards_o another_o of_o treason_n of_o mayheme_n of_o assault_n rape_n burn_v etc._n etc._n question_n c._n 69._o juror_n be_v glanv_n l._n 2._o c._n 17._o the_o near_a and_o best_a man_n such_o as_o know_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n juror_n be_v bind_v to_o speak_v the_o truth_n concern_v the_o plaint_n and_o therefore_o be_v to_o consider_v all_o circumstance_n relate_v to_o they_o they_o be_v to_o be_v of_o the_o near_a and_o best_a man_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o know_v the_o thing_n in_o controversy_n those_o which_o be_v not_o such_o or_o do_v not_o know_v or_o understand_v the_o matter_n in_o controversy_n be_v not_o admit_v it_o be_v vacation_n all_o those_o time_n 51._o c._n 80_o 81._o see_v westm_n one_a c._n 51._o in_o which_o marriage_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v solemnize_v upon_o all_o solemn_a feast_n and_o fast_n and_o the_o four_o solemn_a time_n the_o law_n of_o sanctuary_n be_v in_o normandy_n sanctuary_n c._n 81_o 82._o law_n of_o sanctuary_n no_o clerk_n ecclesiastical_a person_n or_o religious_a etc._n c._n 82_o 83._o clerk_n etc._n etc._n exempt_a from_o lay-court_n except_o etc._n etc._n be_v to_o be_v take_v or_o arrest_v and_o if_o he_o be_v be_v to_o be_v restore_v to_o the_o church_n if_o demand_v and_o if_o convict_v in_o ecclesiastical_a court_n be_v to_o be_v degrade_v and_o depose_v from_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o clerk_n such_o person_n be_v exempt_a from_o sole_a jurisdiction_n of_o a_o lay-court_n unless_o in_o such_o matter_n as_o concern_v a_o layfee_n simple_a plaint_n personal_a be_v so_o call_v desrene_n c._n 85_o 86_o 123._o simple_a plaint_n desrene_n because_o determine_v by_o simple_a law_n which_o be_v call_v desrene_a which_o be_v a_o purgation_n of_o the_o defendant_n by_o his_o own_o oath_n and_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o his_o coadjutor_n this_o plaint_n be_v either_o of_o word_n or_o deed_n of_o deed_n as_o when_o one_o complain_v that_o another_o strike_v he_o and_o have_v his_o witness_n ready_a that_o say_v it_o be_v true_a that_o he_o see_v and_o hear_v it_o and_o be_v ready_a to_o do_v according_a to_o the_o award_n of_o the_o court_n without_o which_o last_o word_n his_o testimony_n have_v be_v invalid_a for_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o say_v he_o see_v and_o hear_v it_o but_o he_o must_v also_o offer_v himself_o to_o the_o award_n of_o the_o court_n from_o which_o accusation_n the_o defendant_n purge_v himself_o by_o swear_v that_o he_o do_v not_o strike_v he_o and_o that_o his_o witness_n neither_o see_v nor_o hear_v it_o purgation_n purgation_n by_o oath_n or_o canonical_a purgation_n and_o his_o coadjutor_n swear_v also_o that_o he_o swear_v a_o true_a oath_n desrene_n in_o latin_a be_v call_v deraisnia_n and_o perhaps_o be_v the_o same_o with_o dirationatio_n in_o the_o old_a historian_n in_o the_o canon_n law_n it_o be_v call_v purgation_n or_o canonical_a purgation_n and_o with_o we_o wager_n of_o law_n as_o also_o here_o law_n wager_n of_o law_n see_v cil_n qui_fw-la est_fw-la querelle_fw-fr enchet_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr loy_n que_fw-fr il_fw-fr a_o gaigee_n il_fw-fr doit_n amender_n le_fw-fr misfaict_n á_z celuy_fw-fr á_z qui_fw-fr il_fw-fr le_fw-fr fist_n &_o á_z la_fw-fr court_n c._n 85._o if_o the_o querelate_n or_o defendant_n fail_v in_o the_o law_n he_o have_v wage_v etc._n etc._n when_o the_o coadjutor_n have_v swear_v the_o accuse_a person_n be_v free_v and_o the_o accuser_n be_v in_o amends_o see_v in_o this_o chapter_n towards_o the_o end_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o amends_o to_o common_a person_n and_o to_o knight_n and_o soldier_n who_o be_v call_v authentic_a person_n the_o amends_o be_v as_o much_o to_o the_o lord_n in_o who_o court_n it_o be_v try_v as_o to_o the_o injure_a person_n and_o more_o to_o the_o duke_n or_o at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o judge_n according_a to_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o person_n and_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n personal_a plaint_n that_o arise_v from_o word_n defamation_n c._n 86._o action_n of_o defamation_n be_v the_o same_o we_o call_v action_n of_o defamation_n plea_n or_o plaint_n concern_v possession_n ibidem_fw-la c._n 87._o all_o plea_n of_o movable_n exceed_v 10_o s._n be_v try_v by_o law_n apparent_a ibidem_fw-la possessory_a action_n with_o we_o be_v either_o for_o movable_n which_o they_o call_v chattel_n as_o horse_n cow_n gold_n silver_n or_o immovables_n as_o land_n meadow_n pasture_n and_o all_o possession_n inherent_a to_o the_o land_n which_o they_o call_v fe_n their_o possessory_a action_n be_v call_v simple_a when_o terminate_v by_o simple_a law_n apparent_a when_o judge_v by_o law_n apparent_a that_o be_v by_o duel_n or_o by_o inquisition_n of_o country_n which_o they_o call_v recognition_n plea_n of_o debt_n debtor_n and_o surety_n and_o of_o contract_n covenant_n 91._o c._n 88_o 89_o 90_o 91._o and_o bargain_n etc._n c._n 92._o feodal_n plaint_n jury_n of_o twelve_o knight_n etc._n etc._n plea_n feodal_n be_v determine_v some_o by_o desrene_n or_o simple_a law_n concern_v movable_n feodal_n and_o other_o by_o enquest_n which_o be_v a_o recognition_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o controversy_n by_o the_o oath_n of_o twelve_o knight_n or_o twelve_o other_o discreet_a honest_a credible_a person_n no_o way_n suspect_v the_o matter_n of_o all_o inquest_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o writ_n or_o brief_n râ—cognitions_n inquest_n râ—cognitions_n and_o those_o inquest_n that_o proceed_v by_o brief_a be_v call_v recognition_n writ_n c._n 91._o glanv_n l._n 13._o c._n 2_o the_o same_o writ_n there_o be_v one_o brief_a or_o write_v of_o novel_a disseisin_n another_o of_o mort_fw-fr d'ancestor_n anoter_n of_o eschaet_fw-la another_o of_o marriage_n encombre_n another_o of_o dowre_n another_o of_o presentment_n to_o a_o church_n another_o of_o fee_n and_o gage_n i._n e._n to_o inquire_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o fee_n or_o mortgage_n redeemable_a by_o the_o heir_n in_o the_o tenant_n hand_n another_z de_fw-fr feodo_n &_o firmâ_fw-la i._n e._n to_o inquire_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o fee_n or_o a_o farm_n for_o year_n in_o the_o possessor_n hand_n and_o who_o be_v the_o next_o heir_n of_o he_o that_o let_v it_o to_o farm_n another_o de_fw-la estabiliâ_fw-la to_o establish_v right_o or_o of_o right_a as_o we_o call_v it_o another_o of_o surdemand_a when_o the_o lord_n demand_v more_o rent_n and_o service_n than_o be_v due_a another_o of_o layfee_n and_o franc_n almoign_n another_o of_o lineage_n deny_v another_o of_o heritage_n take_v c._n 95._o tit._n vene_z by_o justice_n here_o iâ—_n mean_v the_o sergeant_n view_n how_o take_v view_n be_v when_o the_o plaintiff_n show_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o legal_a man_n the_o thing_n which_o he_o demand_v and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v make_v at_o a_o certain_a place_n day_n and_o hour_n assign_v by_o the_o sergeant_n who_o be_v here_o intend_a by_o the_o justice_n the_o viewer_n be_v assemble_v the_o sergeant_n be_v to_o recite_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o plaint_n contain_v in_o the_o writ_n or_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v read_v and_o then_o the_o end_v the_o bracton_n l._n 4._o c._n 16._o n._n 4._o upon_o view_n the_o land_n be_v take_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o duke_n and_o not_o restore_v until_o the_o plea_n end_v plaintiff_n be_v to_o show_v what_o he_o demand_v with_o the_o bound_n in_o length_n and_o breadth_n or_o as_o we_o the_o butt_n and_o bound_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o view_n the_o thing_n show_v aught_o to_o be_v take_v
three_o four_o mark_n etc._n etc._n as_o will_v appear_v in_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o history_n subjection_n he_o bring_v the_o clergy_n under_o subjection_n nor_o do_v he_o think_v himself_o secure_a only_o by_o have_v all_o person_n in_o secular_a authority_n his_o dependent_n and_o at_o his_o command_n but_o he_o bring_v the_o clergy_n also_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n abbat_n and_o all_o degree_n of_o that_o function_n under_o his_o subjection_n monastery_n subjection_n mat._n paris_n fol._n 7._o n._n 10._o and_o the_o church_n land_n under_o military_a service_n and_o quarter_v soldier_n in_o their_o monastery_n for_o he_o put_v the_o bishopric_n and_o abbey_n which_o have_v barony_n that_o be_v great_a possession_n and_o be_v before_o free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n under_o military_a service_n and_o according_a to_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n appoint_v how_o many_o knight_n or_o soldier_n they_o shall_v find_v in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o chase_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n many_o ecclesiastic_n that_o oppose_v his_o evil_a constitution_n nor_o do_v he_o only_o charge_v their_o land_n with_o the_o tenure_n of_o knight_n service_n but_o also_o quarter_v soldier_n 40._o soldier_n ingulph_n croyl_n n._n 40._o which_o he_o have_v hire_v in_o france_n almain_n and_o spain_n in_o all_o monastery_n of_o england_n in_o croyland_n abbey_n he_o quarter_v six_o milites_fw-la or_o knight_n and_o twenty_o eight_o cross-bow-man_n that_o shoot_v stone_n and_o dart_n out_o of_o ballistarii_fw-la of_o ballistarii_fw-la crossbow_n or_o perhaps_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o steel-bow-man_n or_o director_n of_o the_o management_n of_o the_o great_a brake_n or_o engine_n with_o which_o they_o batter_v wall_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o ely_n after_o the_o isle_n be_v reduce_v be_v place_v forty_o whereof_o bellassis_n governor_n at_o least_o of_o the_o old_a fort_n call_v now_o by_o the_o country_n people_n belsars-hill_n if_o not_o general_n of_o the_o force_n against_o the_o island_n be_v one_o and_o thirty_o nine_o more_o all_o officer_n or_o man_n of_o account_n as_o by_o their_o name_n and_o arm_n appear_v in_o a_o parchment_n roll_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o ely_n make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o robert_n de_fw-fr orford_n bishop_n of_o ely_n who_o be_v 318._o be_v godw_n de_fw-fr presul_n angl._n p._n 318._o consecrate_a 1302._o and_o die_v 1309._o nor_o do_v he_o think_v this_o enough_o to_o restrain_v the_o power_n of_o the_o clergy_n 1070._o clergy_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1070._o who_o then_o bear_v the_o chief_a sway_n in_o the_o government_n but_o by_o advice_n of_o william_n fitz-osbern_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o other_o of_o his_o council_n he_o search_v the_o monastery_n the_o florent_fw-la wigorn._n f._n 636._o he_o rifle_v the_o monastery_n monastery_n of_o all_o england_n and_o take_v away_o the_o money_n which_o the_o rich_a sort_n of_o english_a have_v secure_v there_o fear_v his_o austerity_n and_o ravages_n and_o command_v it_o to_o be_v carry_v into_o his_o treasury_n 7._o treasury_n fol._n 7._o mat._n paris_n say_v he_o rob_v all_o the_o monastery_n of_o their_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o spare_v not_o their_o shrine_n and_o chalice_n nor_o yet_o do_v he_o think_v himself_o sufficient_o secure_v from_o the_o great_a power_n of_o the_o clergy_n in_o that_o age_n pleasure_n age_n eadmer_n fol._n 6._o n._n 10._o he_o bring_v in_o the_o norman_a law_n and_o make_v norman_a bishop_n in_o england_n all_o thing_n be_v do_v according_a to_o the_o conqueror_n pleasure_n until_o have_v bring_v into_o england_n the_o law_n and_o usage_n which_o he_o and_o his_o father_n be_v wont_a to_o observe_v in_o normandy_n he_o have_v make_v such_o man_n bishop_n abbat_n and_o chief_a ruler_n through_o the_o whole_a land_n as_o may_v be_v think_v very_o unworthy_a if_o in_o all_o thing_n they_o submit_v not_o to_o his_o law_n or_o shall_v in_o any_o wise_a oppose_v he_o and_o therefore_o all_o divine_a and_o humane_a matter_n be_v order_v according_a to_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n to_o this_o purpose_n there_o be_v a_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o winchester_n eight_o day_n after_o easter_n at_o the_o command_n of_o the_o king_n he_o be_v present_a and_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o pope_n alexander_n by_o his_o legate_n herminfrid_n bishop_n of_o geneva_n of_o sedune_n now_o by_o the_o german_n call_v sit_v and_o the_o french_a zion_n and_o the_o country_n about_o it_o sionois_n it_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o river_n rosne_fw-fr before_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o lake_n of_o geneva_n sedune_n and_o two_o priest_n cardinal_n of_o the_o apostolic_a see_v depose_v see_v florent_fw-la wigorn_a f._n 636._o an._n do._n 1070._o a_o council_n at_o winchester_n wherein_o stigand_n be_v depose_v john_n and_o peter_n produce_v his_o authority_n in_o this_o council_n stigand_n archbishp_n of_o canterbury_n be_v depose_v for_o three_o cause_n to_o wit_n because_o he_o unjust_o possess_v the_o bishopric_n of_o winchester_n with_o the_o archbishopric_n and_o because_o he_o invade_v the_o archbishopric_n while_o archbishop_n robert_n be_v live_v and_o use_v his_o pall_n which_o remain_v at_o canterbury_n in_o celebrate_v mass_n when_o by_o force_n he_o be_v unjust_o put_v out_o of_o england_n and_o receive_v a_o pall_n from_o benedict_n who_o the_o roman_a church_n have_v excommunicate_v for_o that_o by_o money_n he_o have_v invade_v the_o apostolic_a see_n b._n see_n de_fw-fr gest_n pontif._n fol._n 116._o b._n malmsbury_n say_v with_o these_o two_o bishopric_n he_o also_o possess_v many_o abbey_n who_o in_o this_o as_o he_o conceive_v do_v not_o commit_v a_o sin_n of_o judgement_n but_o error_n for_o that_o he_o be_v a_o very_a illiterate_a man_n as_o be_v almost_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n at_o that_o time_n depose_v time_n florent_fw-la wigorn._n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la agalmar_n bishop_n of_o east_n angle_n and_o some_o abbat_n depose_v in_o this_o council_n also_o agalmar_n brother_n of_o stigand_n bishop_n of_o east-angle_n his_o seat_n be_v then_o at_o elmham_n be_v depose_v and_o some_o abbat_n the_o king_n promote_a that_o work_n that_o he_o may_v put_v into_o their_o place_n man_n of_o his_o own_o nation_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o his_o new_a conquer_a kingdom_n life_n kingdom_n ibidem_fw-la other_o be_v keep_v in_o prison_n all_o their_o life_n he_o also_o keep_v in_o prison_n some_o bishop_n and_o abbat_n all_o their_o life_n time_n without_o any_o evident_a cause_n bishop_n cause_n ibidem_fw-la agelric_n bishop_n of_o the_o south_n saxon_n turn_v out_o and_o imprison_v without_o fault_n he_o make_v his_o own_o chaplain_n bishop_n be_v neither_o condemn_v by_o any_o council_n or_o secular_a law_n mere_o out_o of_o jealousy_n and_o suspicion_n of_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o kingdom_n on_o whitsunday_n the_o king_n give_v the_o archbishopric_n of_o york_n to_o thomas_n canon_n of_o bayeaux_n in_o normandy_n and_o the_o bishopric_n of_o winchester_n to_o walkelin_n his_o chaplain_n and_o on_o the_o morrow_n by_o his_o command_n herminfrid_n the_o bishop_n of_o sedune_n the_o cardinal_n be_v return_v to_o rome_n hold_v a_o synod_n in_o which_o agelric_n the_o bishop_n of_o the_o southsaxons_a be_v not_o canonical_o depose_v who_o the_o king_n imprison_v at_o malborow_n without_o any_o fault_n there_o be_v then_o also_o to_o use_v the_o author_n own_o phrase_n very_o many_o abbat_n degrade_v the_o conqueror_n give_v to_o his_o chaplane_n herfastus_n the_o bishopric_n of_o east-angle_n and_o to_o stigand_n the_o bishopric_n of_o the_o southsaxons_a and_o give_v the_o abbey_n to_o his_o norman_a monk_n command_n monk_n eadmer_n fol._n 6._o n._n 20._o no_o man_n to_o acknowledge_v the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n for_o pope_n without_o his_o command_n he_o will_v not_o suffer_v any_o one_o in_o his_o dominion_n to_o acknowledge_v the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n for_o pope_n without_o his_o command_n nor_o to_o receive_v any_o letter_n from_o he_o unless_o they_o be_v first_o show_v to_o he_o leave_n he_o ibidem_fw-la the_o archbishop_n may_v not_o appoint_v or_o prohibit_v any_o thing_n without_o his_o leave_n the_o archbishop_n may_v preside_v in_o any_o council_n but_o he_o will_v not_o permit_v he_o to_o appoint_v or_o prohibit_v any_o thing_n but_o what_o he_o please_v and_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v first_o ordain_v by_o he_o implead_v he_o ibid._n n._n o._n his_o baron_n without_o his_o command_n not_o to_o be_v implead_v he_o will_v not_o suffer_v any_o bishop_n to_o implead_v and_o excommunicate_v any_o of_o his_o baron_n all_o such_o as_o 168._o as_o sâ—ld_n not_o in_o ead._n f._n 168._o hold_v immediate_o in_o capite_fw-la or_o officer_n for_o incest_n adultery_n or_o any_o heinous_a crime_n unless_o by_o his_o command_n assent_n command_n but_o notwithstanding_o the_o conqueror_n stoutness_n and_o resolution_n in_o these_o matter_n by_o his_o admission_n of_o the_o pope_n legate_n for_o the_o purpose_n above_o
921._o c._n d._n f._n 922._o a._n b._n the_o earl_n of_o chester_n obtain_v assistance_n gloucester_n take_v hold_v of_o the_o occasion_n join_v the_o force_n he_o have_v and_o other_o he_o immediate_o raise_v with_o those_o of_o his_o son_n in_o law_n and_o march_v towards_o lincoln_n upon_o his_o approach_n the_o king_n march_v towards_o he_o in_o battalion_n his_o army_n consist_v of_o a_o main_a body_n and_o two_o wing_n he_o command_v the_o main_a body_n himself_o one_o of_o the_o wing_n consist_v of_o fleming_n which_o william_n the_o ipre_n command_v and_o of_o britain_n which_o earl_n alan_n command_v the_o other_o be_v command_v by_o waleran_n earl_n of_o mellent_a there_o be_v also_o in_o this_o army_n william_n de_fw-fr warenna_n gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n and_o balduin_n fitzvrse_a engelran_n say_n and_o ilbert_n lacy._n lincoln_n the_o battle_n of_o lincoln_n the_o earl_n army_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n robert_n earl_n of_o gloucestâ—r_n lead_v on_o the_o main_a body_n the_o earl_n of_o chester_n one_o wing_n aâ—_n the_o two_o brother_n mariadoc_n and_o kalader_n the_o welsh_a which_o make_v the_o other_o wing_n the_o welsh_a charge_v the_o fleming_n and_o britain_n and_o soon_o rout_v they_o rout_v the_o king_n army_n rout_v the_o earl_n of_o chester_n charge_v the_o earl_n of_o mellent_a who_o flee_v present_o king_n stephen_n show_v his_o personal_a courage_n in_o this_o battle_n prisoner_n his_o personal_a courage_n he_o be_v take_v prisoner_n he_o fight_v brave_o and_o stout_o against_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n until_o he_o be_v desert_v by_o all_o his_o horse_n when_o he_o yield_v himself_o to_o he_o baldwin_n de_fw-fr clare_n richard_n fitzvrse_a engelran_n de_fw-fr saia_n and_o ilbert_n lacie_n stay_v by_o the_o king_n and_o fight_v valiant_o so_o long_o as_o they_o be_v able_a kill_v the_o city_n plunder_v and_o many_o citizen_n kill_v after_o the_o battle_n the_o earl_n army_n miserable_o waste_v the_o city_n and_o requite_v the_o citizen_n for_o their_o kindness_n to_o king_n stephen_n by_o kill_v very_o many_o of_o they_o the_o iron_n the_o malm_n f._n 106._o a._n n._n 40._o he_o be_v imprison_v at_o gloucester_n and_o put_v in_o iron_n earl_n present_v the_o king_n to_o his_o sister_n then_o at_o gloucester_n from_o whence_o for_o more_o security_n he_o be_v carry_v to_o bristol_n where_o he_o be_v honourable_o use_v until_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o some_o who_o affirm_v that_o he_o have_v be_v several_a time_n out_o of_o the_o place_n appoint_v for_o his_o safe_a custody_n especial_o in_o the_o night_n by_o the_o connivance_n of_o his_o keeper_n and_o therefore_o be_v put_v in_o iron_n the_o empress_n and_o earl_n 20._o earl_n ib._n n._n 50._o &_o b._n n._n 10_o 20._o with_o great_a importunity_n by_o messenger_n move_v the_o legate_n that_o she_o may_v be_v receive_v to_o the_o government_n as_o the_o daughter_n of_o king_n henry_n to_o who_o all_o england_n and_o normandy_n have_v swear_v fidelity_n he_o a_o treaty_n between_o the_o empress_n and_o legate_n in_o a_o open_a plain_n her_o oath_n to_o he_o on_o the_o three_o sunday_n in_o lent_n they_o come_v to_o a_o conference_n in_o a_o open_a plain_n by_o winchester_n the_o queen_n swear_v to_o the_o bishop_n he_o shall_v order_n and_o direct_v all_o the_o great_a business_n in_o england_n and_o shall_v dispose_v of_o all_o bishopric_n and_o abbey_n if_o he_o will_v keep_v perpetual_a fidelity_n to_o she_o and_o with_o holy_a church_n receive_v she_o as_o queen_n the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n brian_n fitz-count_n she_o fitz-count_n marchâ—o_n de_fw-fr walingford_n he_o be_v constable_n of_o walingford_n castle_n the_o legate_n acknowledge_v her_o queen_n his_o oath_n to_o she_o marquis_n of_o wallingford_n and_o milo_n of_o gloucester_n afterward_o earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o some_o other_o do_v together_o with_o she_o swear_v the_o same_o thing_n the_o bishop_n then_o acknowledge_v her_o queen_n of_o england_n and_o some_o of_o his_o friend_n with_o he_o make_v oath_n to_o she_o that_o so_o long_o as_o she_o shall_v make_v good_a what_o she_o have_v promise_v he_o he_o shall_v be_v faithful_a to_o she_o the_o next_o day_n she_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o city_n of_o winchester_n and_o the_o cathedral_n with_o a_o noble_a procession_n the_o legate_n lead_v she_o into_o the_o church_n by_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n david_n by_o the_o left_a there_o be_v many_o bishop_n abbat_n baron_n and_o knight_n present_a 676._o present_a contin_n â—lor_n worce_v f._n 676._o the_o legate_n curse_v those_o which_o curse_v she_o and_o bless_v those_o which_o bless_v she_o those_o which_o be_v obedient_a to_o her_o command_n he_o absolve_v such_o as_o be_v not_o he_o excommunicate_v from_o winchester_n she_o go_v with_o the_o court_n to_o wilton_n where_o come_v to_o her_o theobald_n the_o archbishop_n and_o make_v his_o recognition_n of_o she_o as_o queen_n here_o she_o keep_v her_o easter_n and_o there_o be_v a_o mighty_a affluence_n of_o people_n on_o the_o nine_o of_o do_v of_o malm_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la n._n 30_o 40_o 50._o f._n 106._o a._n lin_v 1._o etc._n etc._n the_o monk_n of_o malmsbury_n say_v he_o be_v present_a in_o this_o council_n and_o give_v great_a attention_n to_o what_o be_v do_v april_n there_o be_v a_o council_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n and_o many_o abbat_n at_o winchester_n in_o which_o the_o legate_n preside_v notwithstanding_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v there_o the_o legate_n have_v private_a conference_n with_o the_o bishop_n apart_o with_o the_o abbat_n apart_o and_o with_o the_o arch-deacon_n apart_o the_o next_o day_n he_o make_v a_o speech_n to_o they_o all_o set_v forth_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o meeting_n be_v to_o consult_v of_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n tell_v they_o of_o the_o flourish_a estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n bishop_n the_o legate_n speech_n to_o the_o bishop_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n that_o many_o year_n before_o his_o death_n he_o have_v receive_v a_o oath_n of_o england_n and_o normandy_n for_o the_o succession_n of_o his_o daughter_n and_o her_o issue_n that_o she_o be_v in_o normandy_n at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n delay_v to_o come_v into_o england_n for_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n his_o brother_n be_v permit_v to_o reign_v he_o say_v further_a that_o though_o he_o make_v himself_o a_o pledge_n between_o god_n and_o he_o that_o he_o shall_v honour_v and_o exalt_v holy_a church_n maintain_v the_o good_a law_n crime_n he_o accuse_v his_o brother_n king_n stephen_n of_o many_o crime_n and_o abrogate_v the_o evil_a yet_o it_o grieve_v he_o to_o remember_v and_o he_o be_v ashamed_a to_o speak_v how_o he_o have_v behave_v himself_o in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o peace_n of_o it_o be_v destroy_v and_o no_o punishment_n inflict_v upon_o evil_a doer_n bishop_n be_v imprison_v and_o force_v to_o deliver_v up_o their_o possession_n abbey_n be_v sell_v and_o church_n rob_v the_o counsel_n of_o ill_a man_n take_v place_n and_o the_o advice_n of_o good_a man_n be_v despise_v that_o he_o have_v convent_v he_o before_o a_o council_n of_o bishop_n and_o get_v nothing_o but_o hatred_n for_o it_o he_o ought_v indeed_o to_o love_v his_o mortal_a brother_n but_o much_o more_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o immortal_a father_n and_o therefore_o see_v god_n have_v exercise_v his_o judgement_n upon_o he_o to_o let_v he_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o powerful_a man_n lest_o the_o kingdom_n may_v be_v ruin_v for_o want_v of_o a_o governor_n clergy_n he_o declare_v the_o power_n of_o elect_v king_n to_o be_v in_o the_o clergy_n i_o have_v call_v you_o all_o hither_o by_o my_o legantine_n power_n yesterday_o the_o cause_n be_v propound_v in_o private_a to_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o clergy_n of_o england_n to_o who_o of_o right_n it_o belong_v to_o elect_a and_o ordain_v a_o king_n and_o therefore_o after_o have_v as_o be_v meet_v invoke_v the_o divine_a assistance_n queen_n they_o elect_v maud_n the_o empress_n queen_n we_o elect_v maud_n the_o daughter_n of_o the_o peaceable_a glorious_a rich_a and_o in_o our_o time_n incomparable_a king_n queen_n of_o england_n and_o to_o she_o we_o promise_v our_o faith_n and_o defence_n of_o her_o person_n and_o government_n all_o that_o be_v 10._o be_v ibidem_fw-la n._n 10._o present_a either_o assent_v to_o what_o he_o say_v or_o by_o their_o silence_n seem_v not_o to_o contradict_v it_o the_o legate_n add_v we_o have_v summon_v the_o londoner_n council_n the_o londoner_n present_v in_o this_o council_n who_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o city_n may_v be_v compare_v with_o the_o great_a man_n of_o england_n and_o send_v they_o a_o safe_a conduct_n and_o that_o he_o hope_v they_o will_v not_o stay_v beyond_o the_o next_o day_n
do._n 1149._o f._n â—45_n n._n 20_o 30._o tamesis_n sic_fw-la congelatus_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la pede_fw-la &_o equo_fw-la &_o quadrigis_fw-la etiam_fw-la oneratis_fw-la transmeabilis_fw-la redderetur_fw-la the_o thames_n be_v so_o freeze_v as_o man_n on_o foot_n and_o horseback_n and_o load_v wagon_n pass_v over_o it_o the_o frost_n begin_v december_n the_o ten_o and_o end_v february_n the_o nineteenth_o of_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n there_o have_v be_v three_o council_n of_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n only_o before_o mention_v one_o be_v hold_v on_o the_o 29_o the_o of_o august_n 1139._o at_o winchester_n the_o second_o on_o the_o 30_o the_o of_o march_n 1142._o at_o oxford_n the_o three_o eight_o day_n after_o st._n andrew_n in_o the_o same_o year_n at_o westminster_n the_o business_n transact_v in_o all_o three_o be_v mere_o secular_a which_o proper_o fall_v not_o under_o this_o title_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o such_o thing_n as_o do_v in_o the_o year_n 1138._o alberic_n bishop_n of_o ostia_n in_o italy_n clergy_n the_o pope_n legate_n call_v a_o council_n of_o the_o clergy_n the_o pope_n special_a commissary_n or_o legate_n in_o england_n and_o scotland_n by_o 60._o by_o chron._n gervas_n col._n 1346._o n._n 40_o 50_o 60._o col._n 1347._o n._n 10_o 20_o 30_o 40_o 50_o 60._o col._n 1348._o n._n 10_o 20_o 30_o 40_o 50_o 60._o apostolical_a authority_n call_v a_o council_n of_o bishop_n abbat_n and_o other_o religious_a person_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o meet_v at_o westminster_n on_o the_o thirteen_o of_o december_n and_o send_v his_o before_o his_o this_o be_v never_o do_v before_o citatory_n letter_n to_o the_o prior_n and_o convent_n of_o the_o church_n of_o canterbury_n and_o all_o other_o who_o it_o concern_v to_o be_v present_a there_o and_o choose_v a_o archbishop_n that_o see_v be_v then_o void_a there_o be_v sixteen_o 1139._o sixteen_o ibidem_fw-la col._n 1347._o n._n 10_o 20._o the_o pope_n legate_n direct_v the_o choose_n of_o a_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n cont._n of_o flor._n of_o worcester_n f._n 671._o anno_fw-la dom_fw-la 1139._o constitution_n decree_v the_o most_o notable_a whereof_o be_v these_o at_o that_o time_n somewhat_o new_a and_o not_o full_o establish_v and_o one_o or_o two_o of_o they_o never_o practise_v before_o in_o england_n the_o year_n follow_v theobald_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n simon_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n roger_n bishop_n of_o coventry_n robert_z bishop_n of_o exeter_z and_o rainald_n abbot_n of_o evesham_n be_v command_v by_o the_o pope_n to_o repair_v to_o rome_n where_o they_o be_v receive_v with_o much_o honour_n and_o be_v present_a in_o the_o roman_a council_n such_o a_o one_o as_o have_v not_o be_v many_o age_n before_o in_o this_o council_n they_o free_o and_o according_a to_o their_o desire_n propound_v and_o manage_v their_o own_o cause_n and_o return_v home_o with_o joy_n bring_v with_o they_o the_o decree_n of_o this_o council_n then_o when_o the_o monk_n write_v write_v and_o disperse_v far_o and_o wide_o through_o england_n and_o in_o this_o council_n the_o under_o write_v constitution_n which_o have_v be_v make_v in_o this_o english_a council_n be_v decree_v which_o according_a to_o the_o title_n be_v the_o second_o lateran_n council_n hold_v under_o pope_n innocent_a the_o second_o anno_fw-la dom._n 1139._o apr._n 8._o labbe_n tom._n 10._o col._n 999._o this_o practice_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v new_a to_o call_v particular_o who_o he_o please_v to_o council_n constitution_n v._n none_o may_v receive_v a_o church_n or_o any_o ecclesiastical_a etc._n ecclesiastical_a ibidem_fw-la the_o foreme_a part_n of_o this_o constitution_n about_o investiture_n be_v new_a buy_v of_o benefice_n prohibit_v marry_a priest_n and_o such_o as_o keep_v concubine_n deprive_v of_o ecclesiastic_a benefice_n etc._n etc._n benefice_n from_o a_o lay_v man._n when_o any_o receive_v investiture_n from_o a_o bishop_n we_o command_v that_o he_o swear_v upon_o the_o gospel_n that_o neither_o by_o himself_o nor_o any_o other_o he_o give_v or_o promise_v any_o thing_n for_o it_o and_o if_o it_o be_v presume_v he_o do_v the_o gift_n shall_v be_v void_a and_o both_o the_o giver_n and_o receiver_n shall_v be_v subject_a to_o canonical_a censure_n spelm._n council_n vol._n 2._o f._n 41._o constit_fw-la vii_o walk_v in_o the_o step_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n we_o deprive_v marry_v priest_n deacon_n and_o subdeacon_n and_o thâ—se_a that_o have_v concubine_n of_o their_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n and_o office_n and_o by_o apostolical_a authority_n we_o forbid_v all_o people_n to_o hear_v their_o mass_n constit_fw-la ix_o if_o any_o one_o kill_v 10._o kill_v ibidem_fw-la col._n 1348._o lin_v 5._o &_o n._n 10._o imprison_v or_o lay_v his_o wicked_a hand_n upon_o a_o clerk_n monk_n or_o nun_n or_o any_o ecclesiastic_a person_n unless_o he_o make_v satisfaction_n upon_o the_o three_o admonition_n let_v he_o be_v anathematise_v nor_o shall_v any_o one_o unless_o in_o danger_n of_o death_n enjoin_v he_o penance_n but_o the_o pope_n and_o if_o he_o die_v impenitent_a his_o body_n shall_v not_o be_v bury_v this_o canon_n or_o constitution_n be_v make_v to_o prevent_v the_o rudeness_n and_o inhumanity_n of_o the_o soldier_n who_o in_o this_o intestine_a war_n use_v all_o person_n alike_o religious_a and_o secular_a the_o sword_n make_v little_a difference_n nor_o make_v they_o scarce_o any_o distinction_n of_o place_n in_o their_o rapine_n or_o plunder_v constit_fw-la xi_o we_o prohibit_v by_o apostolic_a authority_n that_o no_o man_n build_v a_o church_n or_o oratory_n in_o his_o own_o fee_n without_o the_o command_n of_o his_o bishop_n this_o constitution_n be_v new_a and_o make_v to_o baffle_v the_o right_n of_o the_o lay_v patron_n which_o be_v original_o ground_v upon_o the_o feudal_n law_n and_o the_o erection_n of_o a_o church_n within_o the_o precinct_n of_o his_o own_o fee_n or_o manner_n and_o the_o donation_n or_o grant_v of_o the_o tithe_n within_o that_o precinct_n unto_o it_o and_o to_o entitle_v the_o pope_n or_o bishop_n unto_o it_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o command_n be_v this_o constitution_n make_v this_o council_n be_v dissolve_v 50._o dissolve_v ibid._n n._n 50._o jeremy_n prior_n of_o the_o church_n of_o canterbury_n and_o some_o of_o the_o convent_n who_o the_o king_n have_v call_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o he_o and_o the_o legate_n with_o some_o of_o the_o chief_a man_n and_o bishop_n of_o england_n choose_v theobald_n abbot_n of_o bec_n archbishop_n of_o that_o see_n at_o which_o the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o legat_n be_v much_o move_v design_v it_o for_o himself_o but_o lose_v it_o by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v report_v by_o some_o that_o he_o leave_v the_o king_n his_o brother_n and_o go_v off_o to_o the_o empress_n earl_n robert_z and_o milo_n the_o king_n high_a or_o great_a constable_n notwithstanding_o the_o nine_o constitution_n of_o this_o council_n the_o soldiers_z abate_v not_o of_o their_o rough_a usage_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o ecclesiastic_n and_o therefore_o the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o pope_n legate_n to_o check_v their_o barbarity_n 40._o barbarity_n rog._n hoved._n f._n 279._o b._n n._n 40._o call_v a_o council_n at_o london_n in_o the_o eight_o year_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1143._o in_o which_o it_o be_v thus_o decree_v that_o because_o no_o honour_n be_v give_v by_o ravager_n and_o plunderer_n to_o clerk_n nor_o to_o the_o church_n of_o god_n clerk_n a_o canon_n for_o the_o security_n of_o clerk_n and_o that_o clerk_n be_v as_o frequent_o imprison_v and_o put_v to_o ransom_n as_o lay_v man_n therefore_o who_o ever_o lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o a_o clerk_n shall_v not_o be_v absolve_v but_o by_o the_o pope_n himself_o from_o which_o decree_n the_o clerk_n receive_v much_o relief_n and_o advantage_n mat._n paris_n 30._o paris_n f._n 79._o n._n 30._o add_v to_o this_o another_o decree_n â—that_n the_o church_n and_o church-yard_n whether_o the_o poor_a people_n flee_v with_o their_o good_n shall_v be_v as_o free_v from_o violence_n as_o the_o priest_n themselves_o ploughman_n another_o for_o the_o security_n of_o plough_n and_o ploughman_n and_o that_o the_o plough_n and_o ploughman_n in_o the_o field_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o same_o freedom_n and_o they_o excommunicate_v all_o contravener_n to_o this_o decree_n swith_o light_a candle_n or_o taper_n and_o so_o say_v the_o monk_n the_o rapacity_n of_o the_o kite_n be_v somewhat_o abate_v the_o next_o be_v a_o general_n council_n in_o the_o sixteenth_o of_o this_o king_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1151._o hold_v at_o london_n 3._o london_n hen._n hun._n f._n 226._o b._n lin_v 3._o by_o theobald_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o pope_n legate_n in_o which_o be_v present_a king_n stephen_n his_o son_n eustachius_n and_o the_o baron_n or_o great_a man_n of_o england_n this_o
be_v a_o comfort_n to_o they_o when_o by_o common_a fame_n they_o hear_v that_o be_v beyond_o the_o sea_n he_o have_v no_o design_n or_o contrivance_n against_o their_o lord_n the_o king_n or_o his_o kingdom_n but_o that_o he_o do_v bear_v with_o modesty_n that_o burden_n of_o poverty_n which_o he_o have_v voluntary_o undertake_v and_o have_v withdraw_v and_o sequester_v himself_o out_o of_o devotion_n to_o humble_v himself_o and_o to_o obtain_v or_o improve_v his_o spiritual_a welfare_n and_o rejoice_v to_o hear_v he_o be_v so_o studious_a of_o peace_n but_o then_o to_o their_o great_a grief_n they_o hear_v he_o threaten_v the_o king_n with_o a_o interdict_v and_o to_o cut_v he_o off_o from_o the_o church_n they_o press_v upon_o he_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o such_o proceed_n and_o the_o convenience_n of_o a_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a temper_n and_o urge_v he_o to_o consider_v that_o the_o king_n against_o the_o dissuasion_n of_o his_o mother_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o secular_a government_n regno_fw-la reclamante_fw-la cause_v he_o to_o be_v elect_v archbishop_n in_o hope_n he_o may_v reign_v happy_o and_o enjoy_v great_a quiet_a and_o security_n by_o his_o advice_n and_o assistance_n they_o tell_v he_o the_o king_n be_v appoint_v by_o god_n provide_v for_o the_o peace_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o all_o thing_n and_o preserve_v it_o to_o the_o church_n and_o people_n commit_v to_o he_o that_o he_o exact_v and_o require_v the_o dignity_n due_a and_o exhibit_v to_o king_n before_o he_o shall_v be_v allow_v and_o exhibit_v to_o he_o about_o which_o if_o there_o be_v any_o controversy_n between_o the_o king_n and_o himself_o when_o he_o be_v admonish_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n and_o hereford_n by_o direction_n from_o the_o pope_n he_o answer_v humble_o and_o meek_o that_o if_o any_o church_n or_o ecclesiastical_a person_n whatsoever_o can_v show_v themselves_o grieve_v or_o injure_v he_o will_v in_o all_o thing_n submit_v himself_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o church_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o that_o in_o very_a deed_n he_o be_v then_o ready_a to_o perform_v it_o and_o give_v satisfaction_n for_o the_o injury_n do_v and_o then_o they_o demand_v by_o what_o right_n what_o law_n what_o canon_n or_o interdict_v he_o can_v urge_v or_o press_v the_o king_n or_o how_o he_o can_v cut_v he_o off_o from_o the_o church_n and_o then_o move_v he_o to_o peace_n and_o compliance_n and_o smooth_o reprove_v he_o for_o several_a preposterous_a new_a and_o unwarrantable_a action_n as_o suspend_v and_o condemn_v the_o bâ—shop_n of_o salisbury_n before_o he_o be_v accuse_v or_o hear_v which_o new_a order_n of_o judgement_n say_v they_o to_o condemn_v first_o and_o hear_v the_o cause_n afterward_o as_o they_o hope_v be_v then_o not_o to_o be_v find_v among_o the_o law_n or_o canon_n and_o lest_o he_o may_v attempt_v to_o exercise_v and_o extend_v it_o against_o their_o lord_n the_o king_n or_o his_o kingdom_n or_o against_o they_o and_o the_o church_n commit_v to_o they_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o pope_n the_o disgrace_n and_o detriment_n of_o the_o holy_a roman_a church_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o his_o own_o confusion_n they_o oppose_v the_o remedy_n of_o appeal_n and_o the_o second_o time_n appeal_v to_o the_o pope_n in_o write_v and_o design_v 1167._o design_v ann._n dom._n 1167._o ascension_n day_n for_o the_o time_n of_o appeal_n such_o another_o they_o another_o append._n n._n 51._o they_o write_v to_o the_o same_o effect_n to_o the_o pope_n they_o tell_v he_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o a_o interdict_v etc._n etc._n they_o fix_v the_o ground_n and_o cause_n of_o the_o controversy_n in_o the_o extravagancy_n and_o crime_n of_o insolent_a clerc_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o punish_v they_o epistle_n and_o much_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n the_o bishop_n of_o his_o province_n write_v to_o the_o pope_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n in_o which_o they_o excuse_v he_o as_o before_o commend_v his_o compliance_n and_o obedience_n and_o inform_v the_o pope_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o a_o interdict_v threat_n or_o curse_v to_o force_v he_o to_o satisfaction_n they_o assign_v for_o the_o ground_n and_o cause_n of_o the_o controversy_n the_o extravagancy_n and_o excess_n of_o certain_a insolent_a clerc_n and_o the_o manner_n and_o place_n of_o punish_v their_o grievous_a crime_n and_o enormity_n they_o blame_v thomas_n for_o threaten_v to_o excommunicate_v and_o interdict_v the_o nation_n and_o say_v it_o be_v neither_o like_o the_o devotion_n or_o patience_n of_o a_o father_n or_o archbishop_n they_o acquaint_v the_o pope_n he_o have_v excommunicate_v some_o of_o the_o king_n servant_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o his_o special_a assistant_n and_o counsellor_n by_o who_o the_o great_a affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v much_o direct_v without_o citation_n without_o make_v any_o defence_n and_o as_o they_o say_v without_o gild_n not_o be_v convict_v or_o have_v confess_v any_o fault_n and_o lay_v before_o he_o the_o inconvenience_n and_o ill_a consequence_n of_o his_o extravagant_a action_n and_o at_o length_n make_v their_o appeal_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o propound_v the_o day_n of_o appeal_n as_o before_o a_o abstract_n of_o the_o rescript_n or_o answer_n of_o the_o archbishop_n to_o his_o suffragans_fw-la epistle_n here_o follow_v the_o rescript_n itself_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o appendix_n n._n 56._o through_o the_o whole_a he_o draw_v and_o insinuate_v a_o parallel_n between_o our_o saviour_n christ_n and_o himself_o suffragans_fw-la the_o arch-bishop_n answer_v to_o the_o epistle_n of_o his_o suffragans_fw-la tell_v they_o they_o write_v it_o not_o by_o common_a advice_n and_o prudence_n it_o contain_v more_o of_o mordacity_n than_o comfort_n more_o of_o disobedience_n than_o piety_n or_o charity_n and_o wonder_n why_o they_o shall_v be_v so_o unkind_a to_o he_o when_o he_o never_o do_v they_o injury_n he_o exhort_v they_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o life_n with_o he_o to_o free_v the_o church_n from_o the_o yoke_n of_o servitude_n say_v the_o injury_n do_v to_o he_o the_o church_n of_o god_n and_o canturbury_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o appeal_n and_o that_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o recess_n he_o accuse_v the_o bishop_n of_o london_n archbishop_n of_o york_n and_z richard_z de_fw-fr ivelcester_n for_o dictate_v the_o sentence_n against_o he_o and_o particular_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n for_o receive_v the_o money_n of_o the_o church_n of_o canturbury_n and_o apply_v it_o to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o own_o he_o affirm_v he_o ought_v not_o to_o fear_v any_o punishment_n or_o ill_a consequence_n for_o stand_v out_o against_o the_o king_n the_o bishop_n he_o exhort_v not_o to_o confound_v the_o right_n of_o the_o church_n and_o kingdom_n which_o be_v distinct_a power_n of_o which_o the_o church_n the_o he_o meaâ—s_v the_o secular_a power_n receive_v authority_n from_o church_n one_o receive_v power_n and_o authority_n from_o the_o other_o he_o say_v the_o bishop_n of_o salisbury_n admit_v john_n of_o oxford_n dean_n of_o salisbury_n against_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o prohibition_n which_o be_v manifest_a disobedience_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o solemnity_n require_v in_o the_o process_n against_o he_o and_o cite_v canon_n to_o make_v good_a his_o assertion_n he_o argue_v against_o their_o appeal_n and_o assert_n that_o legal_o and_o canonical_o they_o can_v not_o appeal_v and_o affirm_v it_o no_o injury_n or_o grievance_n to_o the_o king_n to_o smite_v he_o with_o excommunication_n as_o to_o what_o they_o say_v that_o he_o be_v make_v archbishop_n against_o the_o opinion_n and_o good_a like_n of_o the_o kingdom_n he_o appeal_v to_o the_o form_n and_o manner_n of_o his_o election_n and_o endeavour_n to_o make_v what_o they_o say_v improbable_a from_o the_o number_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n present_a and_o for_o that_o the_o king_n write_v for_o a_o pall_n and_o the_o election_n be_v make_v without_o contradiction_n he_o take_v notice_n they_o report_v he_o a_o little_a fellow_n and_o of_o mean_a parentage_n his_o answer_n be_v that_o he_o descend_v not_o from_o king_n yet_o choose_v rather_o by_o the_o nobility_n of_o his_o mind_n to_o raise_v a_o family_n then_o by_o his_o negligence_n to_o make_v one_o degenerate_a he_o tell_v they_o they_o talk_v of_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o temporal_n and_o the_o fear_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n recess_n from_o it_o of_o his_o own_o danger_n and_o of_o those_o that_o belong_v to_o he_o but_o think_v not_o of_o the_o loss_n of_o soul_n and_o after_o this_o averr_v the_o suffragans_fw-la of_o his_o church_n ought_v all_o to_o be_v of_o his_o opinion_n and_o to_o suffer_v and_o die_v with_o he_o the_o epistle_n or_o rescript_n be_v very_o long_o and_o what_o his_o potency_n
elias_n archbishop_n of_o bordeaux_n william_n bâ—shop_n of_o poitiers_n and_o henry_n bishop_n of_o saint_n for_o that_o they_o be_v relate_v in_o the_o three_o degree_n of_o consanguinity_n be_v thus_o divorce_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o lord_n philip_n king_n of_o france_n engolesme_fw-fr he_o be_v marry_v to_o isabella_n daughter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o engolesme_fw-fr he_o marry_v isabella_n the_o daughter_n of_o aymer_n earl_n of_o engolesme_fw-fr who_o he_o have_v first_o give_v by_o the_o request_n and_o direction_n of_o king_n richard_n to_z hugh_z le_fw-fr brun_n earl_n of_o march_n they_o have_v promise_v one_o another_o and_o be_v betroth_v but_o because_o she_o be_v not_o of_o year_n of_o marriage_n earl_n hugh_n will_v not_o marry_v she_o in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o church_n and_o her_o father_n perceive_v king_n john_n have_v a_o affection_n for_o she_o he_o take_v she_o from_o earl_n hugh_n and_o give_v she_o to_o he_o and_o they_o be_v marry_v at_o engolesme_fw-fr by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o bordeaux_n the_o same_o year_n john_n year_n ibid._n f._n 458._o a._n l._n 5._o etc._n etc._n a._n d._n 1200._o the_o earl_n of_o st._n giles_n do_v homage_n to_o king_n john_n the_o earl_n of_o st._n giles_n do_v homage_n to_o king_n john_n for_o the_o land_n and_o castle_n which_o king_n richard_n have_v give_v he_o in_o marriage_n with_o his_o sister_n joan_n so_o as_o his_o son_n raymund_n by_o she_o shall_v have_v they_o and_o do_v homage_n to_o his_o uncle_n john_n when_o he_o come_v to_o year_n of_o discretion_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v decease_v without_o issue_n than_o they_o be_v to_o revert_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o st._n giles_n and_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n shall_v hold_v they_o by_o hereditary_a right_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o poictou_n by_o the_o service_n of_o come_v with_o 500_o knight_n or_o horseman_n to_o he_o for_o one_o month_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n whenever_o he_o go_v with_o his_o army_n into_o gascony_n but_o if_o he_o stay_v long_o they_o be_v to_o remain_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o poictou_n from_o 10._o from_o ibid._n n_o 10._o thence_o king_n john_n go_v to_o anger_n be_v and_o take_v one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o plege_n or_o hostage_n for_o their_o fidelity_n and_o put_v they_o in_o custody_n and_o the_o same_o year_n king_n john_n take_v of_o 20._o of_o ibid._n n._n 20._o walter_n archbishop_n of_o roven_n english_a roven_n i_o e._n 200_o l._n english_a 600_o pound_n of_o anjou_n money_n to_o confirm_v by_o his_o chart_n all_o those_o thing_n which_o king_n richard_n have_v give_v he_o in_o exchange_n for_o andeli_fw-la to_o wit_n the_o town_n of_o diepe_a with_o its_o apertinence_n and_o lover_n with_o its_o apertinence_n the_o forest_n or_o wood_n of_o aliersmont_n and_o the_o mill_n of_o robech_n the_o pope_n send_v cardinal_n 1._o cardinal_n ibid._n f._n 461._o n._n 1._o octavian_n legate_n into_o france_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v the_o cause_n of_o divorce_n between_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o his_o queen_n botilda_n as_o hoveden_n call_v she_o the_o french_a writer_n name_v she_o ysamburg_n she_o happy_o she_o may_v have_v two_o and_o both_o these_o name_n du_fw-fr serres_n call_v her_o gelberge_n rigord_n call_v her_o ysamburg_n isemberg_n with_o this_o direction_n that_o first_o before_o he_o hear_v the_o cause_n he_o shall_v compel_v he_o to_o put_v away_o his_o german_a adulteress_n and_o receive_v botilda_n or_o isemberg_n and_o treat_v she_o like_o his_o wife_n ut_fw-la ipse_fw-la imprimis_fw-la ante_fw-la ingressum_fw-la litis_fw-la compelleret_fw-la regem_fw-la francia_fw-la dimittere_fw-la adulteram_fw-la svam_fw-la teutonicam_fw-la etc._n etc._n on_o the_o vigil_n of_o the_o nativity_n of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n or_o 7_o the_o of_o september_n the_o cardinal_n the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n and_o clergy_n of_o france_n meet_v at_o nibell_n and_o the_o king_n of_o france_n with_o his_o queen_n and_o teutonick_n lady_n come_v thither_o and_o by_o the_o admonition_n of_o the_o cardinal_n and_o advice_n of_o his_o friend_n he_o dismiss_v she_o and_o receive_v again_o his_o queen_n again_o king_n philip_n receive_v his_o queen_n again_o and_o then_o make_v his_o complaint_n that_o she_o ought_v not_o of_o right_a to_o be_v his_o wife_n for_o they_o be_v near_o relate_v in_o consanguinity_n and_o affirm_v he_o can_v prove_v it_o to_o be_v so_o and_o require_v they_o may_v be_v divorce_v the_o cardinal_n give_v he_o the_o time_n of_o six_o month_n six_o week_n six_o day_n and_o six_o hour_n to_o consider_v of_o it_o and_o appoint_v the_o place_n of_o hear_v the_o cause_n at_o soissons_fw-fr according_a to_o the_o queen_n desire_n release_v desire_n ibid._n n._n 20._o the_o interdict_v release_v france_n by_o procurement_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n be_v under_o a_o interdict_v for_o the_o king_n repudiate_a his_o queen_n which_o so_o soon_o as_o he_o receive_v she_o again_o be_v release_v by_o the_o cardinal_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o divorce_v of_o ibid._n f._n 462._o b._n n._n 20.30_o etc._n etc._n king_n philip_n demand_v to_o be_v divorce_v lent_n next_o follow_v philip_n and_o his_o queen_n meet_v again_o before_o the_o legate_n at_o soissons_fw-fr and_o the_o king_n by_o his_o lawyer_n demand_v to_o be_v divorce_v for_o the_o reason_n beforementioned_a on_o the_o queen_n behalf_n there_o be_v present_a several_a bishop_n and_o other_o honest_a and_o discreet_a man_n et_fw-la alii_fw-la honesti_fw-la viri_fw-la &_o disereti_fw-la scent_n from_o her_o brother_n cnute_n king_n of_o denmark_n who_o after_o security_n give_v they_o that_o they_o may_v free_o answer_v allege_v and_o safe_o return_v home_o they_o say_v the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v send_v to_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n to_o desire_v his_o beautiful_a sister_n in_o marriage_n and_o that_o she_o may_v be_v send_v to_o he_o which_o by_o advice_n of_o the_o great_a man_n of_o his_o kingdom_n be_v do_v that_o the_o messenger_n which_o come_v for_o she_o do_v swear_v on_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n and_o for_o themselves_o that_o she_o shall_v be_v honourable_o use_v as_o a_o queen_n and_o of_o this_o they_o can_v produce_v his_o chart_n and_o the_o chart_n of_o the_o great_a man_n that_o come_v for_o she_o and_o therefore_o appeal_v they_o of_o perjury_n and_o breach_n of_o faith_n before_o the_o pope_n they_o also_o appeal_v from_o cardinal_n octavian_n the_o judge_n to_o the_o pope_n for_o that_o he_o be_v relate_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o will_v favour_v his_o cause_n and_o the_o queen_n likewise_o appeal_v which_o when_o octavian_n have_v hear_v he_o desire_v they_o to_o stay_v a_o while_n until_o his_o colleague_n come_v that_o be_v join_v in_o commission_n with_o he_o from_o the_o pope_n and_o he_o shall_v hear_v and_o determine_v the_o matter_n after_o three_o day_n he_o come_v and_o do_v hear_v it_o and_o find_v no_o cause_n of_o a_o divorce_n between_o they_o of_o which_o the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v notice_n it_o he_o can_v not_o obtain_v it_o and_o that_o he_o will_v give_v a_o definitive_a sentence_n against_o he_o he_o depart_v before_o he_o have_v pronounce_v it_o and_o carry_v his_o queen_n with_o he_o and_o put_v she_o into_o more_o straight_a custody_n than_o before_o in_o the_o crowned_z the_o ibid._n f._n 4â—1_n a._n â—_o 30.40_o king_n john_n and_z queen_n isabel_z crowned_z month_n of_o october_n king_n john_n have_v settle_v his_o affair_n in_o normandy_n and_o his_o other_o transmarine_a country_n come_v into_o england_n and_o bring_v with_o he_o isabel_n his_o wife_n and_o upon_o the_o eight_o day_n of_o that_o month_n they_o be_v both_o crown_v at_o westminster_n by_o hubert_n archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n present_o after_o his_o lincoln_n his_o ibid._n b._n lin_v 4._o &_o n._n 10.20.30_o 40._o he_o send_v to_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n to_o meet_v he_o at_o lincoln_n coronation_n king_n john_n send_v philip_n bishop_n of_o durham_n roger_n bigot_n earl_n of_o norfolk_n henry_n de_fw-fr bohun_n earl_n of_o hereford_n david_n earl_n of_o huntingdon_n roger_n de_fw-fr lasci_n constable_n of_o chester_n william_n de_fw-fr vesci_n roger_n de_fw-fr ros_fw-fr and_o robert_n fitz-roger_n sheriff_n of_o northumberland_n to_z william_n king_n of_o scot_n with_o letter_n patent_n of_o safe_a conduct_n and_o to_o wait_v upon_o he_o into_o england_n to_o meet_v king_n john_n at_o lincoln_n on_o the_o morrow_n after_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n edmund_n the_o king_n november_n 21_o they_o meet_v according_o and_o the_o next_o day_n they_o come_v to_o a_o treaty_n or_o parley_n upon_o a_o steep_a hill_n convenerunt_fw-la ad_fw-la colloquium_fw-la super_fw-la montem_fw-la arduum_fw-la without_o the_o city_n and_o there_o in_o the_o view_n of_o all_o the_o people_n william_n king_n of_o scot_n become_v king_n johns_n man_n john_n the_o king_n of_o scot_n do_v homage_n to_o
a_o wall_n of_o defence_n for_o the_o house_n of_o the_o lord_n but_o when_o they_o see_v the_o wolf_n come_v they_o leave_v their_o sheep_n and_o flee_v after_o this_o general_a seizure_n of_o the_o temporalty_n and_o good_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n interdict_v but_o restore_v they_o to_o those_o who_o refuse_v to_o comply_v with_o the_o interdict_v to_o such_o of_o they_o as_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n and_o refuse_v to_o comply_v with_o the_o interdict_v who_o celebrate_v divine_a service_n and_o administer_v the_o sacrament_n the_o king_n by_o special_a writ_n 91._o writ_n append._n n._n 89_o 90_o 91._o restore_v their_o temporalty_n good_n and_o chattel_n keep_v in_o his_o hand_n the_o land_n and_o good_n of_o all_o abbot_n prior_n religious_a and_o clerc_n who_o submit_v to_o the_o interdict_v nor_o do_v he_o seize_v the_o land_n or_o good_n of_o any_o other_o religious_a person_n or_o clerc_n but_o such_o as_o 92._o as_o append._n n._n 92._o refuse_v to_o perform_v divine_a service_n after_o the_o publish_n of_o the_o interdict_v which_o be_v upon_o the_o monday_n next_o before_o palm_n sunday_n or_o the_o six_o sunday_n or_o last_o sunday_n in_o lent_n and_o for_o the_o security_n of_o their_o person_n he_o issue_v his_o protection_n his_o append._n n._n 93._o he_o send_v out_o his_o precept_n for_o their_o protection_n precept_n that_o no_o man_n against_o his_o peace_n shall_v abuse_v either_o clerc_n or_o religious_a in_o word_n or_o deed_n and_o if_o they_o do_v and_o can_v be_v take_v they_o shall_v be_v hang_v upon_o the_o next_o oak_n likewise_o for_o their_o grain_n he_o 94._o he_o append._n n._n 94._o permit_v all_o archbishop_n bishop_n prior_n religious_a person_n and_o clerc_n after_o their_o barn_n be_v shut_v up_o to_o sell_v it_o until_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n catherine_n that_o be_v the_o 25_o of_o november_n king_n john_n reflect_v upon_o the_o circumstance_n he_o be_v in_o fear_v fidelity_n fear_v paris_n f._n 2â—7_n n._n 10._o he_o require_v plege_n of_o his_o great_a man_n for_o security_n of_o their_o fidelity_n the_o pope_n may_v absolve_v his_o subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n to_o he_o require_v plege_n of_o all_o the_o great_a man_n he_o suspect_v to_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o for_o their_o future_a fidelity_n many_o comply_v with_o his_o command_n some_o deliver_v their_o son_n other_o their_o nephew_n or_o near_a relation_n to_o the_o messenger_n or_o commissioner_n he_o send_v for_o they_o 20._o they_o ibid._n n._n 20._o some_o of_o which_o come_v to_o william_n de_fw-fr braosa_n his_o wife_n maud_n tell_v they_o she_o will_v not_o deliver_v her_o child_n to_o their_o master_n king_n john_n because_o he_o ought_v honourable_o to_o have_v provide_v for_o his_o nephew_n arthur_n who_o he_o base_o kill_v next_o year_n peace_n year_n ibid._n n._n 50._o a._n d._n 1209._o he_o force_v the_o king_n of_o scot_n to_o desire_v peace_n the_o king_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n and_o march_v towards_o scotland_n and_o when_o he_o come_v to_o norham_n castle_n in_o northumberland_n the_o king_n of_o scot_n there_o meet_v he_o and_o desire_a peace_n king_n john_n reprove_v he_o for_o receive_v favour_v or_o assist_v his_o fugitive_n and_o public_a enemy_n but_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o friend_n to_o both_o nation_n agree_v nation_n ibid._n f._n 228._o lin_v 1._o the_o term_n upon_o which_o the_o peace_n be_v agree_v they_o agree_v upon_o these_o term_n that_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n shall_v pay_v unto_o he_o eleven_o thousand_o mark_n of_o silver_n and_o that_o his_o daughter_n shall_v be_v deliver_v plege_n for_o the_o secure_n of_o peace_n between_o they_o afterward_o kingdom_n afterward_o ibid._n lin_v 6._o he_o receive_v the_o homage_n of_o all_o free_a tenant_n in_o the_o kingdom_n he_o receive_v the_o homage_n of_o all_o man_n that_o be_v free_a tenant_n and_o boy_n of_o 12_o year_n of_o age_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n suppose_v their_o son_n only_o who_o after_o they_o have_v do_v their_o fealty_n he_o receive_v kind_o and_o dismiss_v they_o with_o the_o kiss_n of_o peace_n deinde_fw-la cepit_fw-la homagia_fw-la de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la hominibus_fw-la libere_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la &_o etiam_fw-la duodecim_fw-la annorum_fw-la pveris_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la quos_fw-la omnes_fw-la post_fw-la fidelitatem_fw-la factam_fw-la in_fw-la osculum_fw-la patis_fw-la accepit_fw-la ac_fw-la dimisit_fw-la homage_n dimisit_fw-la ibid._n lin_v 8._o the_o welshman_n come_v to_o he_o at_o woodstock_n and_o do_v their_o homage_n the_o welshman_n also_o which_o be_v never_o hear_v of_o before_o come_v to_o the_o king_n at_o woodstock_n and_o do_v their_o homage_n to_o he_o although_o it_o be_v burdensome_a as_o well_o to_o the_o rich_a as_o poor_a after_o two_o year_n name_n year_n ibid._n n._n 20._o pope_n innocent_n command_v the_o bishop_n to_o excommunicate_a king_n john_n by_o name_n continuance_n of_o the_o interdict_v and_o there_o seem_v no_o hope_n of_o king_n johns_n amendment_n or_o his_o give_a satisfaction_n pope_n innocent_n can_v no_o long_o suffer_v his_o rebellion_n to_o go_v unpunished_a papa_n innocentius_n ipsius_fw-la rebellionem_fw-la diutius_fw-la multam_fw-la dissimulare_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la whereupon_o by_o advice_n of_o his_o brother_n cardinal_n he_o command_v the_o bishop_n of_o london_n ely_n and_o worcester_n by_o name_n to_o pronounce_v he_o excommunicate_v that_o so_o by_o publish_v the_o sentence_n every_o sunday_n and_o holiday_n in_o all_o conventual_a church_n through_o england_n they_o may_v cause_v he_o more_o strict_o to_o be_v avoid_v by_o all_o man_n 30_o man_n ibid._n n._n 30_o but_o when_o those_o bishop_n commit_v the_o publication_n of_o the_o sentence_n to_o their_o brother_n bishop_n and_o other_o prelate_n that_o remain_v in_o england_n they_o all_o become_v dumb_a dog_n either_o by_o favour_n or_o fear_v of_o the_o king_n and_o dare_v not_o bark_n sentence_n the_o bishop_n in_o england_n dare_v not_o pubblish_v the_o sentence_n effecti_fw-la sunt_fw-la universi_fw-la metu_fw-la regio_fw-la vel_fw-la faâ—oâ—_n cane_n muti_fw-la non_fw-la audentes_fw-la latrare_fw-la and_o therefore_o dissemble_v to_o execute_v what_o be_v enjoin_v they_o they_o do_v not_o proceed_v in_o do_v the_o pope_n command_n according_a to_o due_a form_n of_o law_n nevertheless_o the_o sentence_n be_v know_v to_o all_o man_n and_o fill_v their_o mouth_n with_o discourse_n service_n discourse_n ibid._n n._n 40._o geofry_n archdeacon_n of_o of_o norwich_n leave_v the_o king_n service_n among_o who_o geoffrey_n archdeacon_n of_o norwich_n as_o he_o sit_v in_o the_o exchequer_n manage_v the_o king_n business_n discourse_v with_o his_o associate_n concern_v the_o sentence_n pronounce_v against_o the_o king_n say_v it_o be_v not_o safe_a for_o benefice_a man_n to_o remain_v any_o long_o in_o the_o service_n of_o a_o excommunicate_v king_n and_o so_o depart_v without_o leave_n the_o king_n have_v notice_n of_o it_o send_v william_n talebot_n a_o knight_n after_o he_o with_o some_o force_n who_o take_v he_o put_v he_o in_o prison_n and_o in_o bond_n punishment_n his_o punishment_n where_o after_o a_o few_o day_n by_o the_o king_n command_v he_o have_v a_o leaden_a cope_n put_v on_o with_o the_o pressure_n whereof_o and_o want_v of_o victual_n he_o die_v in_o this_o time_n of_o the_o interdict_v one_o master_n pope_n master_n ibid._n n._n 50._o a._n d._n 1209._o alexander_n caementarius_n maintain_v the_o king_n cause_n against_o the_o pope_n alexander_n call_v caementarius_n a_o counterfeit_n divine_a speudo-theologus_a maintain_v the_o king_n cause_n against_o the_o pope_n mat._n â—0_n mat._n f._n 269._o n._n â—0_n westminster_n say_v he_o be_v at_o paris_n a_o famous_a master_n rector_n and_o reader_n in_o theology_n parisijs_fw-la celebris_fw-la haberetur_fw-la magister_fw-la &_o rector_n &_o lector_fw-la in_o theologia_n and_o that_o he_o defend_v the_o king_n cause_n out_o of_o ambition_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n by_o he_o by_o paris_n f._n 229._o lin_v 6._o his_o good_n and_o benefice_n take_v from_o he_o procurement_n of_o the_o pope_n his_o good_n and_o benefice_n be_v take_v from_o he_o and_o be_v reduce_v to_o so_o great_a misery_n as_o in_o a_o poor_a habit_n he_o be_v force_v to_o beg_v his_o bread_n from_o door_n to_o door_n in_o the_o year_n 1206_o dyed_n 50._o dyed_n mat._n west_n f._n 267_o n_o 20._o &_o f._n 268._o n._n 50._o william_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n and_o this_o 50._o this_o mat._n west_n f._n 267_o n_o 20._o &_o f._n 268._o n._n 50._o year_n hugh_n the_o well_v the_o king_n chancellor_n be_v choose_v bishop_n who_o obtain_v leave_v of_o the_o king_n to_o go_v into_o france_n that_o he_o may_v receive_v his_o consecration_n from_o the_o archbishop_n of_o roven_n bishopric_n roven_n mat._n paris_n f._n 229._o n._n 10_o 20._o hugh_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n receive_v his_o consecration_n from_o stephan_n langeton_n the_o king_n seize_v his_o bishopric_n so_o soon_o as_o
john_n claim_v the_o privilege_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o refer_v himself_o to_o the_o pope_n discretion_n write_v to_o the_o pope_n that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n and_o his_o suctragans_n have_v neglect_v his_o command_n and_o that_o the_o great_a man_n and_o baron_n altogether_o refuse_v to_o hear_v what_o he_o write_v and_o attend_v what_o the_o baron_n say_v he_o reply_v to_o they_o that_o england_n be_v the_o patrimony_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o that_o he_o hold_v it_o as_o the_o patrimony_n of_o st._n peter_n the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o pope_n and_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o crusado_n and_o require_v the_o privilege_n of_o such_o who_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o that_o expedition_n and_o after_o have_v recount_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o former_a offer_n to_o the_o baron_n and_o bishop_n upon_o which_o he_o can_v obtain_v no_o remedy_n he_o refer_v himself_o to_o the_o pope_n discretion_n to_o relieve_v he_o upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o all_o these_o offer_v declaration_n matter_n and_o thing_n and_o the_o recapitulation_n and_o brief_a mention_n of_o they_o in_o his_o liberties_n his_o append_v n._n 126._o the_o pope_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o cardinal_n damn_v the_o charter_n of_o liberties_n bull_n and_o the_o information_n of_o king_n john_n messenger_n late_o send_v to_o he_o the_o pope_n by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o cardinal_n damn_v the_o charter_n of_o liberty_n and_o all_o obligation_n and_o caution_n which_o he_o have_v give_v and_o enter_v into_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o it_o and_o declare_v they_o null_a and_o void_a by_o king_n by_o append._n n._n 127._o the_o pope_n write_v to_o the_o baron_n and_o charge_v they_o with_o evil_a practice_n against_o the_o king_n letter_n of_o the_o same_o date_n with_o this_o bull_n viz._n aug._n 24._o 1215._o the_o pope_n write_v to_o the_o baron_n they_o have_v not_o well_o consider_v their_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n when_o they_o rash_o persecute_v their_o lord_n the_o king_n that_o all_o man_n detest_a their_o proceed_n especial_o in_o such_o a_o cause_n where_o they_o make_v themselves_o both_o party_n and_o judge_n when_o the_o king_n be_v ready_a to_o do_v they_o justice_n by_o their_o peer_n in_o his_o court_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o to_o proceed_v by_o arbitrator_n choose_v on_o both_o side_n with_o a_o reference_n to_o he_o if_o they_o agree_v not_o and_o therefore_o command_v they_o to_o renounce_v that_o unlawful_a and_o unjust_a composition_n they_o have_v extort_a from_o he_o by_o fear_n and_o force_n and_o satisfy_v he_o and_o such_o as_o adhere_v to_o he_o for_o the_o injury_n they_o have_v do_v they_o that_o by_o this_o mean_n the_o king_n may_v be_v induce_v to_o grant_v whatsoever_o of_o right_a aught_o to_o be_v grant_v to_o they_o and_o further_o advise_v they_o to_o send_v their_o procurator_n or_o deputy_n to_o the_o next_o general_n council_n which_o he_o intend_v sudden_o to_o call_v about_o the_o business_n of_o the_o cross_n where_o will_v be_v the_o archbishop_n and_o other_o english_a bishop_n and_o there_o commit_v themselves_o to_o his_o good_a pleasure_n who_o by_o the_o favour_n and_o god_n intend_v so_o to_o determine_v thing_n as_o to_o do_v away_o all_o oppression_n and_o abuse_n in_o the_o kingdom_n that_o so_o the_o king_n be_v content_a with_o his_o own_o right_a and_o honour_n the_o whole_a clergy_n and_o laity_n may_v rejoice_v in_o their_o just_a repose_n and_o liberty_n the_o pope_n letter_n or_o mediation_n prevail_v not_o with_o the_o baron_n they_o rochester-castle_n they_o mat._n paris_n f._n 268._o n._n 10._o the_o pope_n letter_n prevail_v not_o upon_o the_o baron_n they_o consult_v how_o to_o secure_v london_n and_o make_v william_n de_fw-fr albiney_n governor_n of_o rochester-castle_n pursue_v what_o they_o have_v undertake_v and_o send_v for_o william_n de_fw-fr albiney_n a_o stout_a man_n and_o experience_a soldier_n several_a time_n before_o he_o come_v at_o last_o upon_o a_o chide_v letter_n have_v secure_v the_o castle_n of_o belvoir_n or_o beauvoir_n he_o come_v to_o they_o to_o london_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a joy_n by_o the_o baron_n who_o immediate_o consult_v how_o to_o secure_v the_o city_n of_o london_n from_o be_v besiege_v by_o the_o king_n and_o shut_v up_o all_o passage_n to_o it_o raise_v a_o considerable_a force_n and_o put_v they_o with_o william_n de_fw-fr albiney_n into_o rochester_n castle_n whereof_o he_o be_v make_v governor_n but_o before_o they_o have_v provide_v for_o their_o defence_n so_o well_o as_o they_o intend_v the_o king_n after_o three_o month_n stay_v in_o the_o 30._o the_o ibid._n n._n 30._o isle_n of_o wight_n be_v sail_v from_o thence_o to_o dover_n where_o he_o meet_v his_o messenger_n or_o commissioner_n he_o have_v send_v beyond_o sea_n with_o force_n from_o poictou_n it_o the_o king_n with_o force_n from_o beyond_o sea_n besiege_v rochester_n castle_n the_o baron_n offer_v to_o relieve_v it_o gascony_n brabant_n and_o flanders_n with_o which_o he_o besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o rochester_n the_o baron_n have_v swear_v to_o william_n de_fw-fr albiney_n that_o it_o the_o castle_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v besiege_v they_o will_v use_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o relieve_v it_o they_o march_v as_o far_o as_o dartford_n and_o then_o retreat_v to_o london_n they_o within_o defend_v the_o place_n with_o great_a courage_n and_o resolution_n and_o at_o last_o after_o almost_o three_o month_n be_v force_v to_o yield_v without_o condition_n for_o want_n of_o victual_n victual_n it_o yield_v for_o want_v of_o victual_n the_o siege_n be_v very_o expensive_a to_o the_o king_n and_o many_o of_o his_o man_n be_v slay_v in_o it_o for_o which_o reason_n he_o will_v have_v hang_v all_o the_o noble_a man_n or_o knight_n have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o the_o persuasion_n of_o savaric_n de_fw-fr malo_n leone_n and_o some_o other_o who_o tell_v he_o the_o war_n may_v prove_v long_o and_o some_o of_o his_o own_o knight_n may_v be_v take_v and_o put_v to_o death_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n whereupon_o he_o send_v william_n de_fw-fr albiney_n quality_n the_o king_n imprison_v the_o person_n of_o best_a quality_n w._n de_fw-fr lancaster_n w._n de_fw-fr emeford_n thomas_n de_fw-fr mulecon_n osbert_n giffard_n osbert_n de_fw-fr bonbi_fw-la odinell_n de_fw-fr albiney_n and_o other_o of_o the_o best_a quality_n prisoner_n to_o corf_n castle_n and_o other_o to_o divers_a other_o prison_n all_o the_o ordinary_a man_n but_o the_o cross_a bowman_n soldier_n and_o hang_v the_o ordinary_a soldier_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v hang_v the_o pope_n upon_o notice_n 40._o notice_n ibid._n n._n 40._o that_o the_o baron_n persist_v in_o the_o persecution_n of_o the_o king_n baron_n king_n append._n n._n 128._o the_o pope_n excommunicate_v the_o baron_n excommunicate_v they_o and_o commit_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o sentence_n to_o peter_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n the_o abbot_n of_o reding_n and_o pandulph_n sub-deacon_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n in_o which_o brief_a of_o excommunication_n he_o enjoin_v the_o archbishop_n and_z bishop_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o obedience_n that_o they_o shall_v cause_v the_o sentece_n to_o be_v publish_v every_o lord_n day_n and_o holy_a day_n with_o ring_v of_o bell_n and_o lightning_n of_o candle_n throughout_o all_o england_n while_o the_o baron_n fatisfy_v the_o king_n for_o the_o injury_n do_v to_o he_o and_o return_v to_o their_o obedience_n the_o bishop_n of_o 50._o of_o paris_n f._n 271._o n._n 50._o winchester_n and_o pandulph_n personal_o attend_v the_o archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o pope_n command_v he_o to_o direct_v the_o bishop_n of_o his_o province_n to_o publish_v this_o sentence_n against_o the_o baron_n he_o be_v ready_a to_o take_v ship_n to_o go_v to_o the_o council_n at_o rome_n and_o desire_a respite_n 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to_o perform_v their_o service_n there_o be_v very_o few_o freehold_n land_n according_a to_o the_o present_a notion_n of_o they_o nor_o be_v the_o proprietor_n of_o they_o of_o much_o esteem_n until_o the_o military_a man_n part_v with_o so_o much_o of_o their_o estate_n as_o their_o fee_n grow_v very_o narrow_a and_o scanty_a so_o as_o they_o can_v not_o support_v their_o military_a service_n and_o charge_n and_o the_o burden_n as_o they_o then_o account_v they_o of_o attend_v at_o hundred_o and_o county_n court_v and_o upon_o the_o justice_n in_o their_o iter_n or_o circuit_n and_o sheriff_n in_o their_o turn_v but_o either_o send_v their_o attorney_n or_o deputy_n or_o by_o law_n of_o their_o own_o make_n force_v the_o inconsiderable_a freeholders_n or_o soccager_n upon_o that_o drudgery_n nor_o be_v these_o military_a man_n any_o other_o than_o norman_n or_o the_o descendants_n from_o they_o that_o make_v this_o noise_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o so_o much_o blood_n be_v spill_v for_o their_o liberty_n as_o they_o call_v they_o which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n nothing_o but_o the_o relaxation_n of_o several_a rigorous_a exaction_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o feudal_n law_n relate_v to_o their_o then_o fee_n and_o estate_n as_o be_v say_v before_o which_o at_o first_o their_o ancestor_n have_v receive_v from_o the_o conqueror_n without_o those_o easy_a term_n and_o that_o abatement_n of_o the_o strictness_n of_o the_o law_n they_o require_v for_o however_o afterward_o and_o of_o late_a time_n that_o tenure_n be_v esteem_v a_o thraldom_n yet_o it_o do_v at_o first_o begin_v upon_o a_o voluntary_a and_o desire_a submission_n and_o for_o many_o century_n of_o year_n have_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o most_o free_a and_o noble_a service_n and_o all_o other_o tenor_n whether_o in_o soccage_n or_o otherwise_o be_v esteem_v base_a and_o ignoble_a in_o respect_n of_o it_o and_o that_o the_o maintainer_n of_o the_o contest_v for_o their_o liberty_n 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which_o be_v more_o all_z or_o most_o of_o the_o witness_n and_o grantee_n mention_v in_o any_o of_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o norman_a king_n after_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n the_o first_o be_v norman_n or_o foreigner_n and_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o one_o earl_n baron_n or_o great_a man_n to_o be_v find_v in_o all_o these_o king_n reign_n that_o be_v not_o of_o norman_a or_o other_o foreign_a extraction_n and_o yet_o in_o spite_n of_o truth_n and_o matter_n of_o fact_n we_o find_v nothing_o in_o our_o common_a history_n of_o these_o time_n but_o the_o brave_a feat_n perform_v by_o the_o english_a for_o their_o fundamental_a right_n and_o liberty_n nothing_o in_o sir_n edward_n coke_n mr._n selden_n mr._n pryn_n and_o all_o late_a writer_n when_o they_o chap_v upon_o these_o time_n and_o mention_v any_o thing_n relate_v to_o they_o but_o the_o magnanimity_n of_o the_o english_a in_o appear_v for_o their_o birthrights_a and_o the_o great_a privilege_n they_o have_v former_o enjoy_v no_o body_n know_v nor_o can_v tell_v when_o or_o where_o when_o in_o very_a deed_n they_o be_v not_o english_a but_o incorrigible_a norman_a rebel_n against_o their_o own_o norman_a prince_n from_o who_o they_o or_o their_o ancestor_n have_v receive_v so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a benefit_n and_o favour_n in_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o time_n the_o controversy_n be_v not_o about_o the_o great_a charter_n itself_o the_o grant_v and_o confirmation_n whereof_o he_o never_o deny_v but_o only_o about_o the_o meaning_n and_o interpretation_n of_o it_o which_o then_o by_o law_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr 3._o de_fw-fr bracton_n p._n 34._o a._n n_z 3._o chartis_fw-la vero_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o factis_fw-la regum_fw-la non_fw-la debent_fw-la nec_fw-la possunt_fw-la justitiarii_fw-la nec_fw-la privatae_fw-la personae_fw-la disputare_fw-la nec_fw-la etiam_fw-la si_fw-la in_o illa_fw-la dubitatio_fw-la oriatur_fw-la possunt_fw-la eam_fw-la interpretari_fw-la &_o in_o dubiis_fw-la &_o obscuris_fw-la vel_fw-la si_fw-la dictio_fw-la aliqua_fw-la dvos_fw-la contineat_fw-la intellectus_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la erit_fw-la expectanda_fw-la interpretatio_fw-la &_o voluntas_fw-la cum_fw-la ejus_fw-la sit_fw-la interpretari_fw-la cujus_fw-la est_fw-la condere_fw-la concern_v the_o charter_n of_o the_o king_n or_o deed_n of_o king_n neither_o the_o justice_n or_o any_o private_a person_n ought_v or_o may_v dispute_v nor_o when_o there_o may_v arise_v a_o doubt_n in_o any_o one_o of_o they_o may_v they_o interpret_v it_o for_o in_o doubtful_a and_o obscure_a passage_n if_o any_o word_n contain_v two_o meaning_n the_o king_n mind_n and_o interpretation_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v when_o as_o he_o that_o make_v and_o grant_v aught_o to_o interpret_v it_o the_o baron_n and_o bishop_n as_o often_o as_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o quarrel_v with_o the_o king_n clamour_v against_o he_o for_o not_o observe_v the_o charter_n of_o their_o liberty_n and_o he_o think_v they_o extend_v it_o too_o far_o thus_o they_o begin_v and_o as_o oft_o as_o they_o please_v can_v improve_v these_o clamour_n almost_o into_o a_o perfect_a rebellion_n especial_o if_o they_o prefaced_a they_o with_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o holy_a church_n for_o that_o then_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o religious_a equal_o influence_v the_o people_n and_o move_v they_o to_o sedition_n and_o tumult_n as_o pretend_a oppression_n of_o conscience_n and_o destroy_v their_o religion_n by_o the_o management_n of_o the_o dissent_v brethren_n do_v at_o this_o day_n from_o hence_o it_o be_v they_o stiff_o insist_v upon_o it_o to_o have_v a_o power_n to_o etc._n to_o see_v answer_v â—o_o the_o right_n of_o the_o commons_o assert_v â—_o 131_o 132_o etc._n etc._n choose_v the_o justiciary_a or_o chief_a justice_n and_o send_v into_o the_o several_a county_n itinerant_a justice_n such_o as_o may_v interpret_v the_o point_n of_o the_o charter_n and_o execute_v the_o law_n to_o their_o advantage_n and_o according_a to_o the_o humour_n and_o clamour_v of_o the_o people_n of_o the_o faction_n but_o notwithstanding_o their_o object_v to_o the_o king_n his_o neglect_n and_o non-observation_n of_o the_o charter_n they_o either_o will_v not_o be_v or_o think_v not_o themselves_o oblige_v by_o it_o for_o beside_o what_o have_v be_v hint_v in_o the_o general_n preface_n fol._n 40._o b._n they_o use_v and_o practise_v arbitrary_a dominion_n and_o power_n over_o their_o tenant_n and_o neighbour_n refuse_v to_o be_v justify_v that_o be_v to_o receive_v justice_n from_o the_o king_n and_o his_o court_n or_o to_o observe_v the_o article_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n which_o concern_v they_o for_o remedy_n whereof_o the_o 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 20_o and_o 22_o chapter_n of_o the_o etc._n the_o pulâ—on's_n statute_n f._n 16_o 17_o etc._n etc._n statute_n of_o marleborough_n make_v in_o the_o 52d_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o be_v provide_v so_o that_o we_o see_v those_o factious_a baron_n when_o they_o have_v secure_v their_o own_o liberty_n rather_o make_v use_n of_o they_o to_o oppress_v than_o relieve_v their_o tenant_n and_o neighbour_n the_o practice_n of_o these_o man_n be_v not_o well_o understand_v by_o our_o ordinary_a writer_n who_o have_v nothing_o but_o what_o they_o common_o find_v in_o the_o monk_n the_o only_a historian_n of_o those_o time_n and_o they_o write_v the_o action_n of_o king_n and_o great_a man_n and_o render_v they_o good_a or_o bad_a as_o they_o be_v more_o or_o less_o kind_a and_o beneficent_a to_o the_o church_n churchman_n and_o themselves_o and_o extol_v or_o defame_a they_o as_o they_o appear_v for_o and_o favour_v their_o ecclesiastic_a liberty_n who_o will_v not_o think_v simon_n montfort_n earl_n of_o leicester_n a_o great_a patron_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n a_o saint_n a_o innocent_a person_n and_o good_a subject_n that_o bare_o read_v the_o monk_n of_o those_o and_o succeed_v time_n
and_o be_v publish_v by_o the_o same_o worthy_a author_n beside_o patricius_n come_v hither_o there_o there_o an._n dom._n 433._o and_o in_o this_o epistle_n enumerate_v 12_o brethren_n he_o find_v there_o and_o give_v some_o of_o they_o pure_a saxon_a name_n when_o as_o the_o saxon_n come_v not_o into_o britain_n until_o the_o year_n 449._o as_o bede_n report_v or_o in_o 458_o 5._o bede_n eccles_n hist_o lib._n 2._o c._n 5._o as_o the_o same_o story_n of_o glastonbury_n in_o the_o next_o page_n line_n 20_o seem_v to_o intimate_v nor_o be_v this_o history_n either_o notorious_a or_o current_a in_o v._o bede_n time_n etc._n nero_n claudius_n caesar_n anno_fw-la dom._n 62_o 63_o 63_o etc._n etc._n titus_n flavius_n vespasianus_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 70_o 71_o etc._n etc._n for_o he_o take_v not_o the_o least_o notice_n of_o it_o nor_o have_v any_o of_o the_o modern_n with_o any_o reasonable_a probability_n confirm_v it_o nero_n have_v kill_v himself_o from_o the_o time_n of_o trebellius_n britain_n be_v rule_v by_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o legion_n in_o equal_a authority_n only_a caelius_n be_v most_o active_a and_o dare_v most_o until_o after_o the_o short_a reign_n of_o galba_n and_o otho_n 44.380_o suet._n nero._n c._n 49.647_o vectius_n bolanus_n governor_n in_o britain_n tacit._n de_fw-fr vit_fw-fr agric._n c._n 6_o 17.458_o there_o lib._n 3._o histor_n c._n 44.380_o vitellius_n have_v obtain_v the_o empire_n send_v hither_o vectius_n bolanus_n who_o be_v not_o much_o unlike_a trebellius_n save_o that_o by_o the_o mildness_n of_o his_o temper_n in_o stead_n of_o strike_v fear_n and_o terror_n into_o the_o britain_n he_o have_v procure_v their_o love_n and_o affection_n who_o take_v occasion_n from_o his_o easiness_n and_o the_o division_n and_o war_n that_o happen_v from_o the_o contention_n of_o vitellius_n and_o vespasian_n for_o the_o empire_n to_o revolt_v in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o isle_n and_o some_o of_o they_o open_o to_o declare_v in_o favour_n of_o vespasian_n who_o have_v behave_v himself_o noble_o and_o honourable_o in_o britain_n in_o claudius_n his_o time_n so_o that_o for_o this_o cause_n bolanus_n refuse_v to_o send_v any_o of_o the_o legion_n or_o to_o give_v vitellius_n any_o assistance_n from_o hence_o who_o be_v slay_v his_o death_n end_v those_o civil_a dissension_n 17.725_o suet._n vitell._n c._n 17.725_o overcome_v tacit._n de_fw-fr vit_fw-fr agric._n c._n 17.458_o petilius_n cerealis_n propraetor_n in_o britain_n an._n dom._n 73._o brigantes_n overcome_v so_o soon_o as_o vespasian_n have_v with_o the_o whole_a empire_n recover_v britain_n he_o employ_v there_o great_a captain_n and_o a_o powerful_a army_n petilius_n cerealis_n his_o lieutenant_n strike_v terror_n into_o the_o britain_n invade_v the_o country_n of_o the_o brigantes_n the_o most_o populous_a of_o the_o whole_a province_n the_o great_a part_n whereof_o after_o many_o bloody_a battle_n he_o either_o conquer_a or_o waste_v by_o which_o action_n he_o much_o abate_v the_o hope_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o britain_n nor_o be_v the_o reputation_n of_o his_o successor_n julius_n frontinus_n 18._o julius_n frontinus_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o lieutenancy_n a._n d._n 76._o the_o silures_n subdue_v agricola_n succeed_v he_o a.d._n 79._o there_o c._n 18._o lessen_v by_o his_o fame_n he_o subdue_a the_o silures_n a_o strong_a and_o warlike_a nation_n not_o only_o by_o fight_v with_o the_o man_n but_o encounter_v mountain_n strait_n and_o place_n of_o difficult_a access_n in_o this_o condition_n agricola_n find_v britain_n when_o he_o come_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o summer_n the_o roman_a soldier_n be_v as_o it_o be_v secure_a and_o their_o enemy_n take_v every_o opportunity_n of_o advantage_n against_o they_o the_o ordovices_n a_o little_a before_o his_o land_n have_v destroy_v a_o wing_n or_o brigade_n of_o horse_n that_o lie_v upon_o their_o border_n the_o country_n alarm_v with_o this_o beginning_n and_o be_v incline_v to_o war_n allow_v the_o example_n yet_o some_o stay_v to_o see_v how_o it_o will_v affect_v the_o new_a lieutenant_n then_o agricola_n although_o the_o summer_n be_v spend_v and_o the_o cohort_n lay_v disperse_v in_o the_o province_n and_o the_o soldier_n presume_v of_o quiet_a that_o year_n judge_v it_o better_a to_o secure_v the_o suspect_a place_n then_o make_v any_o new_a attempt_n resolve_v to_o meet_v the_o danger_n and_o draw_v together_o the_o legion_n and_o some_o auxiliary_n and_o because_o the_o ordovices_n dare_v not_o descend_v into_o the_o plain_a he_o himself_o to_o encourage_v the_o army_n march_v first_o in_o the_o front_n up_o the_o hill_n extirpate_v the_o ordovices_n almost_o extirpate_v and_o by_o this_o enterprise_n he_o almost_o destroy_v the_o whole_a nation_n and_o follow_v his_o success_n he_o design_v the_o take_n of_o the_o isle_n mona_n from_o the_o possession_n whereof_o paulinus_n have_v be_v revoke_v by_o the_o general_n insurrection_n of_o britain_n but_o ship_n be_v want_v his_o policy_n and_o resoluteness_n devise_v a_o passage_n for_o he_o command_v the_o most_o choice_a of_o the_o auxiliary_n to_o who_o the_o shallow_n be_v know_v and_o who_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o country_n be_v able_a to_o swim_v over_o with_o horse_n and_o arm_n sudden_o to_o invade_v they_o which_o so_o amaze_v the_o inhabitant_n who_o expect_v ship_n and_o boat_n to_o waft_v they_o over_o etc._n titus_n flavius_z vespasianus_n anno_fw-la dom._n 70_o 71_o etc._n etc._n that_o now_o believe_v nothing_o can_v be_v hard_a or_o invincible_a to_o man_n of_o their_o resolution_n beg_v peace_n and_o yield_v the_o island_n thus_o agricola_n become_v great_a and_o famous_a â—ielded_v mona_n â—ielded_v because_o at_o his_o first_o entrance_n he_o use_v that_o time_n in_o the_o achievement_n of_o laborious_a and_o dangerous_a enterprise_n which_o other_o spend_v in_o vain_a gratulation_n and_o ambitious_a ceremony_n he_o call_v not_o success_n and_o the_o depression_n only_o of_o people_n subdue_v a_o victory_n but_o understand_v the_o humour_n and_o inclination_n of_o the_o people_n and_o teach_v by_o the_o experience_n of_o other_o that_o arm_n prevail_v little_a where_o violence_n and_o injury_n be_v permit_v he_o resolve_v to_o cut_v off_o all_o cause_n of_o war_n begin_v first_o to_o reform_v his_o own_o house_n and_o family_n agricola_n the_o wisdom_n of_o agricola_n he_o commit_v no_o public_a affair_n either_o to_o his_o 20._o his_o libert_n be_v such_o as_o be_v manumit_v from_o bondage_n or_o slavery_n rosin_n ant._n lib._n 1._o cap._n 20._o libert_n or_o slave_n he_o receive_v no_o soldier_n near_o he_o upon_o private_a affection_n or_o the_o commendation_n and_o petition_n of_o centurion_n 19_o there_o c._n 19_o but_o elect_v and_o prefer_v the_o best_a and_o most_o serviceable_a he_o observe_v all_o thing_n but_o punish_v not_o all_o fault_n small_a one_o he_o pardon_v and_o for_o great_a one_o use_v a_o suitable_a severity_n not_o always_o animadvert_v upon_o offender_n but_o ofttimes_o satisfy_v with_o repentance_n he_o choose_v rather_o to_o prefer_v such_o to_o office_n and_o the_o administration_n of_o affair_n as_o be_v not_o likely_a to_o offend_v then_o after_o the_o offence_n to_o punish_v and_o remove_v they_o justice_n and_o justice_n he_o equal_o impose_v the_o payment_n of_o corn_n and_o tribute_n take_v away_o the_o exaction_n and_o fee_n of_o officer_n heavy_a than_o the_o tribute_n itself_o for_o the_o publican_n in_o former_a time_n force_v the_o people_n to_o wait_v at_o the_o barn_n door_n which_o be_v shut_v against_o they_o first_o to_o buy_v corn_n of_o they_o at_o dear_a rate_n and_o afterward_o to_o sell_v it_o they_o again_o cheap_a and_o at_o their_o own_o price_n they_o be_v also_o often_o appoint_v by_o the_o purveyor_n to_o carry_v provision_n from_o place_n near_o one_o winter_n camp_n to_o other_o far_o off_o and_o out_o of_o the_o way_n take_v a_o composition_n of_o such_o as_o will_v be_v excuse_v 20._o there_o c._n 20._o by_o repress_v these_o abuse_n and_o extortion_n in_o his_o first_o year_n a_o good_a opinion_n be_v conceive_v of_o peace_n which_o either_o by_o the_o negligence_n or_o partiality_n of_o former_a lieutenant_n be_v no_o less_o dread_v than_o war._n by_o his_o sudden_a incursion_n and_o assault_n the_o summer_n follow_v submit_v an._n dom._n 80._o agricola_n art_n to_o subdue_v the_o britain_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o submit_v by_o his_o prudence_n diligence_n and_o activity_n in_o war_n he_o very_o much_o terrify_v the_o britain_n and_o then_o again_o he_o will_v forbear_v they_o and_o assay_v to_o reduce_v they_o by_o invitation_n and_o allurement_n to_o peace_n whereupon_o many_o city_n which_o before_o will_v not_o submit_v give_v hostage_n and_o receive_v garrison_n manner_n there_o c._n 21.459_o his_o practice_n to_o change_v their_o manner_n the_o next_o winter_n he_o spend_v in_o most_o wholesome_a and_o subtle_a counsel_n and_o design_n for_o that_o he_o
heraclitus_n as_o spartian_a and_o the_o north_n part_n to_o virius_n lupus_n where_o the_o meatae_n 75._o sparta_n in_o seu._n c._n 6.339_o dio._n lib._n 75._o wall_n 75._o the_o inhabitant_n of_o northumberland_n and_o the_o low_a part_n of_o scotland_n near_o hadrian_o wall_n assist_v by_o the_o the_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o north_n part_n of_o scotland_n 701._o maeatae_n caledonian_n camb._n brit._n 701._o beyond_o antoninus_n pius_n his_o wall_n attribute_v to_o severus_n now_o common_o call_v grahames-dike_n caledonian_n withstand_v he_o and_o force_v he_o to_o purchase_v peace_n with_o money_n not_o long_o after_o the_o emperor_n be_v inform_v by_o letter_n from_o the_o perfect_a of_o britain_n virius_n lupus_fw-la that_o the_o barbarous_a people_n 3.82_o herod_n lib._n 3.82_o by_o incursion_n waste_v the_o country_n and_o that_o there_o be_v need_n of_o a_o great_a force_n or_o his_o presence_n to_o repel_v they_o britain_n severus_n go_v into_o britain_n severus_n joyful_o receive_v this_o news_n and_o be_v natural_o desirous_a of_o glory_n after_o his_o victory_n in_o the_o east_n he_o prepare_v to_o erect_v trophy_n in_o britain_n and_o beside_o to_o take_v off_o his_o son_n who_o he_o carry_v with_o he_o from_o the_o pleasure_n of_o rome_n age_a as_o he_o be_v and_o much_o afflict_v with_o the_o gout_n 83._o there_o 83._o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n carry_v in_o a_o horselitter_n yet_o come_v thither_o soon_o than_o he_o be_v expect_v the_o northern_a britain_n daunt_v at_o his_o come_n and_o the_o force_n bring_v with_o he_o as_o also_o with_o other_o great_a preparation_n against_o they_o send_v ambassador_n to_o seek_v peace_n and_o to_o excuse_v their_o former_a delinquency_n etc._n severus_n antoninâ—s_n bassianus_n caracalla_n etc._n etc._n geia_n etc._n etc._n but_o he_o purposely_o delay_v they_o be_v ambitious_a of_o victory_n and_o the_o name_n of_o britannicus_n while_o he_o prepare_v all_o thing_n for_o war_n and_o then_o dismiss_v and_o send_v they_o home_o with_o a_o ineffectual_a answer_n 76._o anno_fw-la dom._n 209._o severus_n desire_v the_o name_n of_o britannicus_n herod_n lib._n 3.83_o dio._n lib._n 76._o his_o first_o care_n be_v to_o lay_v bridge_n over_o the_o bog_n and_o morass_n that_o his_o soldier_n may_v stand_v firm_o pass_v easy_o and_o fight_v safe_o and_o have_v march_v his_o army_n beyond_o the_o river_n bulwark_n and_o rampire_n which_o distinguish_v the_o roman_a limit_n from_o the_o barbarous_a britain_n or_o into_o caledonia_n as_o dio_n there_o be_v many_o tumultuary_a fight_v and_o skirmish_n the_o roman_n be_v every_o where_o victor_n but_o the_o britain_n easy_o save_v themselves_o by_o retreat_v into_o their_o fastness_n agree_v there_o lib._n 76.867_o his_o great_a labour_n to_o conquer_v the_o britain_n q._n how_o these_o two_o report_n agree_v among_o the_o wood_n and_o bog_n almost_o naked_a yet_o dio_n report_v this_o expedition_n into_o caledonia_n somewhat_o otherwise_o and_o say_v that_o he_o pass_v through_o it_o with_o great_a difficulty_n and_o that_o to_o make_v his_o way_n he_o cut_v down_o wood_n dig_v through_o hill_n make_v causeways_o over_o bogs_n and_o fen_n and_o bridge_n over_o river_n that_o there_o be_v no_o fight_n or_o battle_n nor_o do_v the_o enemy_n ever_o draw_v out_o upon_o they_o or_o appear_v in_o a_o body_n they_o only_o sometime_o turn_v out_o some_o sheep_n and_o ox_n thereby_o drill_v the_o roman_n into_o ambush_n by_o which_o mean_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o march_n many_o be_v kill_v by_o themselves_o that_o be_v not_o able_a to_o continue_v it_o there_o die_v fifty_o thousand_o yet_o do_v not_o severus_n give_v over_o till_o he_o come_v to_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o the_o isle_n although_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o age_n and_o weakness_n he_o be_v carry_v in_o a_o horselitter_n force_v the_o britain_n to_o make_v their_o peace_n 868._o the_o britain_n yield_v up_o part_v of_o their_o country_n and_o make_v peace_n burton_n upon_o anton._n itener_n 63._o severus_n repair_v hadrianus_n wall_n sparta_n in_o seu._n c._n 18.355_o camb._n brit._n 652._o there_o 868._o by_o yield_v up_o a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o country_n condition_v also_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n to_o contain_v themselves_o within_o their_o own_o mountain_n and_o that_o they_o will_v make_v no_o inroad_n or_o invade_v the_o roman_a province_n which_o he_o have_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o six_o legion_n bound_v and_o fortify_v with_o a_o stone_n wall_n of_o 12_o foot_n high_a and_z 8_o foot_n thick_a with_o tower_n and_o battlement_n in_o the_o same_o place_n and_o tract_n of_o ground_n where_o hadrian_o wall_n be_v and_o draw_v it_o from_o sea_n to_o sea_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v call_v britanicus_n the_o ruin_n of_o which_o cambden_n view_v when_o he_o return_v into_o the_o province_n he_o commit_v the_o government_n thereof_o for_o civil_a cause_n to_o his_o young_a son_n geta_n aemilius_n paulus_n papinianus_n the_o famous_a lawyer_n be_v appoint_v to_o assist_v and_o direct_v he_o geta._n zosin_n lib._n 1.6_o papinianus_n appoint_a governor_n to_o geta._n who_o as_o chief_z minister_n of_o justice_n under_o he_o have_v his_o tribunal_n at_o at_o the_o city_n of_o york_n 745._o histor_n august_n varior_fw-la 745._o which_o be_v the_o station_n of_o the_o belove_a legion_n of_o severus_n call_v sexâ—a_fw-la vectrix_fw-la eboracum_n to_o bassianus_n antoninus_n the_o elder_a he_o commit_v the_o command_n of_o the_o army_n but_o no_o soon_o be_v severus_n come_v from_o among_o they_o but_o the_o britain_n arm_n again_o wherefore_o he_o call_v together_o his_o soldier_n command_v they_o shall_v invade_v they_o 212._o severus_n vow_v anno_fw-la dom._n 212._o and_o kill_v man_n woman_n and_o child_n yet_o before_o his_o command_n be_v execute_v wear_v out_o with_o labour_n old_a age_n infirmity_n and_o grief_n for_o the_o wickedness_n of_o his_o son_n antonine_n he_o die_v at_o eboracum_n 3.85_o herod_n lib._n 3.85_o after_o who_o death_n antoninus_n caracalla_n his_o impious_a son_n put_v to_o death_n the_o physician_n because_o they_o dispatch_v not_o his_o father_n according_a to_o his_o command_n cruelty_n caracalla_n his_o cruelty_n nor_o do_v his_o cruelty_n spare_v any_o one_o that_o have_v be_v advance_v by_o or_o show_v any_o respect_n or_o honour_n to_o his_o father_n he_o practise_v by_o bribe_n and_o promise_n with_o the_o soldier_n etc._n antoninus_n bassianus_n caracalla_n etc._n etc._n and_o geta_n etc._n etc._n divus_o aurelianus_n aurelius_n probus_n carinus_n dioclesian_n and_o maximianus_n an._n dom._n 209_o 271_o 278_o etc._n etc._n to_o declare_v he_o sole_a emperor_n which_o when_o he_o can_v not_o effect_v for_o the_o kindness_n and_o affection_n they_o have_v for_o his_o father_n who_o have_v appoint_v his_o brother_n geta_n equal_a with_o he_o in_o the_o empire_n he_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o britain_n receive_v hostage_n and_o depart_v to_o rome_n from_o this_o time_n of_o his_o leave_v the_o island_n all_o author_n be_v silent_a concern_v what_o be_v do_v here_o for_o many_o year_n together_o only_o it_o be_v think_v some_o of_o the_o 30_o rebel_n 30_o so_o they_o call_v all_o the_o chief_n and_o leader_n of_o rebel_n tyrant_n as_o lollianus_n victorinus_n posthumus_n the_o tetrici_fw-la and_o marius_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o gallienus_n may_v usurp_v the_o government_n here_o where_o their_o coin_n have_v be_v find_v in_o great_a quantity_n in_o the_o time_n of_o aurelianus_n proculus_n and_o bonosus_n at_o agrippina_n 50._o camb._n brit._n 50._o electorate_v 50._o colonia_n agrippina_n colon_n upon_o the_o rhine_n in_o germany_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o that_o electorate_v invade_v the_o empire_n and_o usurp_v britain_n spain_n and_o and_o afterward_o call_v gallia_n narbonensis_n it_o contain_v those_o part_n of_o france_n which_o be_v now_o call_v languedoc_n savoy_n dauphine_n or_o delphinate_v and_o provence_n 50._o britan._n 50._o gallia_n braccata_n the_o latter_a of_o who_o be_v overcome_v and_o vanquish_v by_o probus_n hang_v himself_o and_o give_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o jest_n 1.36_o an._n dom._n 265._o an._n dom._n 271._o etc._n etc._n vospic_n in_o probo_fw-la c._n 18.942_o probus_n idem_fw-la in_o bonoso_n c._n 15.971_o zosin_n lib._n 1.36_o that_o there_o be_v a_o pitcher_n hang_v up_o not_o a_o man_n he_o be_v note_v for_o his_o excessive_a drink_v after_o that_o probus_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o victorinus_n a_o moor_n prevent_v another_o rebellion_n in_o britain_n for_o call_v to_o he_o victorinus_n he_o upbraid_v he_o with_o the_o seditious_a practice_n of_o he_o who_o he_o have_v recommend_v to_o he_o for_o lalianus_fw-la for_o think_v by_o cambden_n to_o be_v coâ—_n lalianus_fw-la governor_n of_o britain_n and_o send_v victorinus_n to_o correct_v he_o who_o by_o a_o witty_a stratagem_n not_o mention_v by_o the_o author_n slay_v the_o traitor_n 1.37_o ibid._n lib._n
areani_fw-la be_v find_v guilty_a in_o this_o conspiracy_n who_o be_v corrupt_v with_o reward_n often_o discover_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o roman_a affair_n to_o the_o barbarous_a people_n recall_v ibid._n lib._n 28._o c._n 7._o theodosius_n recall_v theodosius_n after_o these_o achievement_n be_v recall_v be_v accompany_v to_o the_o seaside_n with_o the_o general_a favour_n and_o applause_n of_o all_o man_n and_o pass_v the_o sea_n with_o a_o gentle_a gale_n come_v unto_o valentinian_n by_o who_o be_v receive_v with_o much_o joy_n and_o affection_n he_o be_v make_v office_n make_v here_o to_o describe_v this_o office_n master_n of_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o room_n of_o valens_n jovinus_n sometime_o afterward_o froamarius_n who_o valentinian_n have_v make_v king_n of_o the_o thereabouts_o the_o they_o be_v inhabitant_n of_o the_o town_n and_o country_n of_o weisbaden_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o rhine_n right_a against_o mentz_n a_o appendant_a of_o the_o county_n of_o nassaw_n or_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o bucino-bantes_a 374._o ibid._n lib._n 29._o c._n 9_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 374._o upon_o fresh_a excursion_n and_o devastation_n make_v upon_o the_o new_a acquire_v country_n be_v send_v hither_o with_o power_n of_o tribute_n over_o the_o alemans_n which_o be_v then_o much_o value_v for_o their_o number_n and_o courage_n gratian_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o valentinian_n by_o severa_n 374._o gratianus_n valentinianus_n junior_n theodosius_n anno_fw-la dom._n 374._o grow_v towards_o a_o man_n his_o father_n make_v he_o his_o colleague_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o he_o succeed_v he_o after_o his_o death_n with_o who_o valentinian_n the_o young_a his_o half-brother_n by_o his_o stepmother_n justina_n but_o then_o four_o year_n old_a be_v elect_v his_o partner_n in_o the_o empire_n by_o advice_n of_o the_o council_n and_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o army_n 4.760_o ibid._n lib._n 27._o c._n 5._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 37._o ibid._n lib._n 30._o c._n 12._o zosim_fw-la lib._n 4.751_o anno_fw-la dom._n 379._o theodosius_n choose_a emperor_n by_o gratian_n and_o rule_v in_o the_o east_n zosim_fw-la lib._n 4.760_o but_o gratian_n find_v his_o affair_n perplex_v the_o goth_n and_o other_o barbarous_a people_n invade_v the_o empire_n on_o one_o side_n and_o the_o nation_n upon_o the_o rhine_n infest_v it_o on_o the_o other_o not_o think_v himself_o sufficient_a for_o the_o administration_n of_o it_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o uncle_n valens_n choose_v theodosius_n son_n to_o that_o theodosius_n that_o have_v so_o brave_o behave_v himself_o in_o britain_n to_o be_v his_o consort_n and_o sharer_n with_o he_o in_o the_o empire_n who_o rule_v in_o the_o east_n thing_n be_v in_o this_o state_n and_o condition_n gratian_n be_v a_o easy_a prince_n listen_v to_o flatterer_n and_o such_o as_o be_v wont_a to_o corrupt_v and_o debauch_v the_o kind_n and_o mild_a disposition_n of_o prince_n receive_v into_o his_o favour_n and_o into_o the_o army_n certain_a renegado_n renegado_n people_n of_o european_a sarmatia_n and_o thought_n by_o some_o who_o alan_n who_o to_o have_v inhabit_a that_o country_n which_o be_v now_o call_v lithuania_n but_o more_o right_o they_o be_v seat_v near_o the_o alanian_a mountain_n not_o far_o from_o the_o head_n of_o tanais_n alan_n unto_o who_o he_o give_v great_a reward_n and_o trust_v they_o with_o the_o management_n of_o his_o great_a affair_n neglect_v at_o the_o same_o time_n his_o own_o soldier_n who_o for_o this_o cause_n begin_v to_o murmur_n against_o and_o hate_v he_o the_o soldier_n thus_o kindle_v against_o he_o especial_o those_o in_o britain_n and_o excite_v by_o maximus_n a_o spaniard_n by_o birth_n sedition_n maximus_n excite_v the_o soldier_n to_o sedition_n and_o fellow_n soldier_n with_o theodosius_n there_o who_o take_v it_o ill_a that_o theodosius_n shall_v be_v think_v worthy_a of_o the_o empire_n and_o himself_o not_o think_v fit_a to_o have_v any_o honourable_a employment_n in_o the_o government_n more_o and_o more_o irritate_v the_o soldier_n against_o gratian_n and_o they_o be_v ripe_a for_o sedition_n be_v easy_o prevail_v upon_o to_o salute_v maximus_n emperor_n ibid._n anno_fw-la dom._n 381._o he_o be_v salute_v emperor_n zosim_fw-la ibid._n and_o have_v deliver_v he_o the_o imperial_a diadem_n and_o purple_a they_o forthwith_o pass_v the_o sea_n with_o he_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n rhine_n the_o army_n in_o germany_n and_o the_o neighbour_n nation_n with_o much_o satisfaction_n approve_v the_o design_n gratian_n prepare_v to_o suppress_v this_o rebellion_n and_o fight_v maximus_n but_o be_v desert_v by_o the_o army_n he_o have_v gather_v together_o see_v his_o affair_n desperate_a he_o flee_v with_o 300_o horse_n towards_o the_o italy_n the_o mountain_n that_o separate_v germany_n and_o france_n from_o italy_n alps_n and_o from_o thence_o through_o semandria_n through_o singidunum_n rather_o a_o city_n of_o upper_a moesia_n seat_v upon_o the_o danube_n six_o leaf_n eastward_o from_o taurinum_n or_o belgrade_n now_o call_v zendorin_n of_o the_o greek_n simedro_n and_o in_o modern_a latin_a semandria_n rhaetia_n noricum_n pannonia_n towards_o dukedom_n towards_o then_o the_o second_o city_n of_o italy_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o carni_n now_o aquilegia_fw-la seat_v on_o the_o north-east_n part_n of_o the_o top_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o venice_n and_o in_o that_o dukedom_n upper_a moesia_n whether_o be_v pursue_v by_o andragathius_n master_n of_o maximus_n his_o horse_n pass_v the_o bridge_n at_o at_o they_o be_v northern_a people_n ibidem_fw-la vandal_n whence_o sheringhâ—m_n de_fw-fr orig._n angl._n 210._o ibidem_fw-la who_o come_v out_o of_o scythia_n from_o about_o the_o lake_n maeotis_n and_o river_n tanais_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v of_o gothic_n original_n they_o be_v call_v vandal_n from_o the_o word_n wandelen_n signify_v to_o wander_v or_o rove_v up_o and_o down_o because_o they_o often_o change_v their_o place_n of_o abroad_o at_o last_o they_o fix_v upon_o and_o near_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n towards_o germany_n which_o from_o they_o with_o many_o other_o north-east_n country_n adjoin_v be_v call_v vandalia_n aâ—_n meckleburgh_n pomerania_n polonia_n silesia_n etc._n etc._n sigisdunum_n slay_v gratian_n slay_v he_o be_v overtake_v and_o slay_v theodosius_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o justina_n mother_n to_o valentinian_n 3â—3_n anno_fw-la dom._n 3â—3_n prepare_v to_o encounter_v maximus_n who_o army_n be_v defeat_v in_o pannonia_n he_o flee_v to_o aquileia_n etc._n theodosius_n major_a valentinianus_n secundus_fw-la honorius_n arcadius_n anno_fw-la dom._n 383_o etc._n etc._n where_o he_o be_v take_v deliver_v to_o theodosius_n and_o present_o put_v to_o death_n and_o to_o young_a valentinian_n be_v restore_v whatsoever_o his_o father_n or_o his_o brother_n gratian_n have_v possess_v the_o scot_n and_o pict_n take_v advantage_n when_o the_o army_n and_o the_o flower_n of_o the_o british_a youth_n be_v transport_v by_o maximus_n most_o of_o which_o be_v either_o slay_v 12._o an._n dom._n 388._o zosim_fw-la lib._n 4.769_o 770._o young_a valentinian_n restore_v gildas_n c._n 11._o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n invade_v britain_n they_o waste_v it_o socrat._v hist_o lib._n 7._o c._n 12._o or_o seat_v themselves_o in_o amorica_n now_o brittany_n in_o france_n miserable_o spoil_v and_o waste_v the_o province_n for_o the_o oppose_a and_o reduce_v of_o who_o chrysanthus_n the_o son_n of_o marcian_n bishop_n of_o constantinople_n be_v make_v vicar_n in_o the_o british_a isle_n who_o behave_v himself_o worthy_o and_o with_o great_a praise_n but_o whether_o he_o total_o subdue_v these_o northern_a enemy_n or_o whether_o stilicho_n who_o be_v by_o theodosius_n appoint_a tutor_n and_o governor_n to_o honorius_n after_o his_o death_n or_o some_o other_o send_v by_o he_o as_o claudian_n seem_v to_o affirm_v reduce_v they_o it_o no_o where_o it_o appear_v not_o long_o after_o the_o empire_n be_v distress_v the_o legion_n for_o this_o purpose_n send_v into_o britain_n be_v recall_v 17._o chrysanthus_n send_v to_o repress_v they_o and_o stilicho_n claud._n paneg._n 2._o de_fw-fr laud._n stilich_n anno_fw-la dom._n 395._o the_o legion_n send_v with_o they_o recall_v the_o vandal_n etc._n etc._n invade_v gallia_n and_o germany_n zosim_fw-la lib._n 6.824_o 825._o they_o affright_v the_o british_a force_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 409._o they_o mutiny_v and_o set_v up_o marcus_n gratianus_n and_o constantin_n successive_o he_o transport_v the_o british_a army_n into_o gallia_n soâ—omen_n lib._n â—_o c._n 15._o constantin_n take_v anno_fw-la dom._n 413._o and_o put_v to_o death_n aâ—â—icola_n intrâ—ceth_v pelagianism_n into_o britain_n an._n dom._n 429._o bede_n lib._n 1._o c._n 17._o and_o the_o the_o whence_o sueve_n whence_o people_n of_o the_o same_o origin_n with_o the_o vandal_n so_o name_v from_o the_o word_n schweben_fw-mi of_o the_o same_o signification_n with_o wandelen_n and_o may_v be_v the_o same_o people_n under_o divers_a name_n for_o they_o be_v also_o affirm_v by_o very_o good_a
or_o à _fw-fr negative_a or_o privative_a and_o dalinea_n which_o signify_v distinction_n or_o difference_n that_o be_v without_o distinction_n or_o difference_n and_o import_v a_o just_a impartial_a judgement_n it_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n by_o fire_n or_o water_n by_o fire_n when_o the_o person_n accuse_v carry_v in_o his_o bare-hand_n a_o red-hot_a iron_n some_o few_o step_n which_o if_o it_o weigh_v but_o one_o pound_n be_v call_v single_a ordal_n if_o three_o pound_n treble_a ordal_n or_o when_o he_o walk_v barefoot_a and_o blindfold_o over_o and_o between_o certain_a red-hot_a ploughshare_n place_v at_o a_o certain_a distance_n if_o in_o do_v this_o the_o party_n be_v burn_v he_o be_v pronounce_v guilty_a if_o not_o he_o be_v account_v innocent_a water_n ordal_n be_v either_o when_o they_o cast_v the_o accuse_v into_o water_n what._n water_n ordeal_o what._n and_o if_o they_o do_v swim_v be_v judge_v guilty_a if_o they_o sink_v innocent_a or_o their_o hand_n and_o arm_n be_v put_v sometime_o up_o to_o the_o wrist_n sometime_o up_o to_o the_o elbow_n in_o boil_a hot_a water_n if_o they_o be_v scalt_v they_o be_v esteem_v guilty_a if_o not_o innocent_a trial_n innocent_a ll._n longob_n lib._n 1._o tit._n 9_o c._n 39_o glanv_n lib._n 14._o c._n 1._o in_o fine_a the_o form_n exorcism_n etc._n etc._n use_v in_o these_o trial_n the_o noble_a and_o freemen_n be_v try_v by_o fire_n ordal_n the_o peasant_n and_o servant_n by_o water_n ordal_n the_o form_n exorcism_n conjuration_n office_n litany_n lesson_n gospel_n and_o celebration_n of_o the_o communion_n use_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o ordal_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o marculphs_n formulae_fw-la where_o they_o be_v the_o most_o exact_a and_o ample_a i_o have_v see_v also_o some_o part_n of_o they_o in_o aethelstanes_n law_n spelman_n glossary_a fol._n 436._o and_o origin_n jurid_a fol._n 86._o the_o judgement_n or_o trial_n by_o cold-water_n perjury_n cold-water_n marcul_n form_n 1301._o institute_v to_o prevent_v perjury_n marculph_n report_n be_v institute_v instead_o of_o swear_v at_o the_o request_n of_o lud._n pius_n by_o pope_n eugenius_n the_o second_o who_o obtain_v the_o papacy_n anno_fw-la dom._n 824._o and_o be_v pope_n only_o three_o year_n command_v all_o bishop_n earls_z abbot_n and_o all_o christian_a peopleâ—ithin_n â—ithin_z his_o empire_n to_o defend_v the_o innocent_a and_o examine_v the_o nocent_a by_o it_o lest_o be_v perjure_v upon_o the_o relic_n of_o saint_n they_o shall_v destroy_v their_o soul_n see_v more_o in_o olaus_n wormius_n monument_n dan._n lib._n 1._o c._n 11._o de_fw-fr ordalia_n ordeal_o ordeal_o this_o way_n of_o purgation_n or_o clear_v of_o themselves_o from_o crime_n debt_n nay_o some_o time_n heir_n swear_v themselves_o aewe_v themselves_o ll._n alaman_n tit._n 2._o §._o 2._o how_o and_o how_o many_o swear_v ancient_o ewa_n from_o the_o saxon_a word_n aew_v or_o aewe_v jus_n or_o lex_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o ina_n law_n in_o lambard_n see_v summoner_n sax._n dict._n in_o the_o word_n aewe_v into_o estate_n when_o the_o chart_n of_o donation_n be_v lose_v or_o burn_v be_v very_o frequent_o mention_v in_o all_o the_o german-law_n thus_o express_v tertiâ_fw-la quintâ_fw-la sextâ_fw-la duodecimâ_fw-la manu_fw-la etc._n etc._n jurare_fw-la and_o in_o the_o alaman_fw-mi law_n tit._n 6._o be_v the_o juratoribus_fw-la quales_fw-la &_o quantos_fw-la secundum_fw-la ewa_fw-mi homo_fw-la habere_fw-la debet_fw-la of_o what_o condition_n and_o how_o many_o sacramentale_n sive_fw-la conjuratores_fw-la fellow-swearer_n according_a to_o the_o law_n a_o man_n ought_v to_o have_v the_o number_n of_o which_o always_o vary_v according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o crime_n or_o matter_n object_v after_o several_a case_n note_v wherein_o the_o accuse_a person_n be_v to_o swear_v cum_fw-la uno_fw-la sacramentali_fw-la one_o only_a to_o swear_v with_o he_o or_o tertiâ_fw-la vel_fw-la sextâ_fw-la manu_fw-la or_o with_o three_o or_o six_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o swear_v be_v prescribe_v ibid._n §._o 7._o ista_fw-la sacramenta_fw-la debent_fw-la esse_fw-la jurata_fw-la refer_v to_o the_o case_n beforementioned_a ut_fw-la illi_fw-la conjuratores_fw-la manus_fw-la svas_fw-la super_fw-la capsam_fw-la ponant_fw-la &_o ille_fw-la solus_fw-la cvi_fw-la causa_fw-la requiritur_fw-la tantum_fw-la dicat_fw-la &_o super_fw-la omnium_fw-la manus_fw-la manum_fw-la svam_fw-la ponat_fw-la ut_fw-la sic_fw-la illi_fw-la deus_fw-la adjuvet_fw-la vel_fw-la illa_fw-la reliquiae_fw-la ad_fw-la illas_fw-la manus_fw-la quas_fw-la comprehensas_fw-la habet_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la illâ_fw-la causâ_fw-la unde_fw-la interpellatus_fw-la est_fw-la culpabilis_fw-la non_fw-la sit_fw-la that_o be_v those_o oath_n refer_v to_o the_o case_n beforementioned_a ought_v to_o be_v so_o swear_v that_o the_o fellow-swearer_n may_v put_v their_o hand_n upon_o the_o case_n of_o the_o relic_n and_o he_o alone_o that_o prosecute_v shall_v say_v the_o word_n and_o shall_v put_v his_o hand_n upon_o all_o their_o hand_n that_o so_o god_n may_v help_v he_o or_o those_o relic_n to_o which_o he_o hold_v their_o hand_n as_o he_o be_v not_o guilty_a of_o that_o cause_n for_o which_o he_o be_v prosecute_v some_o shadow_n of_o this_o practice_n we_o have_v yet_o in_o our_o nation_n in_o wager_n of_o law_n in_o action_n of_o debt_n without_o specialty_n where_o the_o proof_n be_v not_o clear_a on_o the_o plaintiff_n side_n the_o defendant_n be_v admit_v to_o wage_v his_o law_n that_o be_v law_n be_v nomothet_n verb._n law_n to_o take_v his_o own_o oath_n that_o he_o owe_v nothing_o at_o all_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o to_o bring_v as_o many_o credible_a person_n as_o the_o court_n shall_v assign_v to_o make_v oath_n that_o they_o believe_v he_o swear_v true_a oath_n and_o and_o battle_n or_o duel_n call_v wehadine_n by_o the_o boioarians_n decret_n tassilon_n §._o 10._o ll._n boioar._n tit._n the_o leg_n populari_fw-la §._o 5_o 6._o &_o camfroic_a decret_n tassilon_n §._o 6._o he_o that_o have_v his_o land_n take_v from_o he_o by_o another_o may_v prove_v it_o to_o be_v his_o by_o due_a witness_n but_o if_o the_o invader_n or_o occupy_a contradict_v that_o proof_n battle_n judgement_n by_o battle_n it_o be_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o battle_n campo_fw-it adjudicetur_fw-la ll._n saxonum_n c._n 15._o siquis_fw-la adalingum_n occiderit_fw-la 600_o solid_n componat_fw-la si_fw-la negaverit_fw-la cum_fw-la 12_o juret_fw-la aut_fw-la in_o campum_fw-la exeat_fw-la ll._n angl._n &_o werin_n tit._n 1._o §._o 1_o 3._o that_o be_v if_o any_o one_o kill_v a_o noble_a man_n he_o shall_v pay_v 600_o shilling_n if_o he_o deny_v it_o he_o shall_v clear_v himself_o by_o 12_o compurgator_n or_o go_v into_o the_o field_n id_fw-la est_fw-la try_v it_o by_o battle_n si_fw-la mulier_fw-la maritum_fw-la veneficio_fw-la dicatur_fw-la occidisse_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o it_o be_v say_v a_o woman_n poison_v her_o husband_n her_o next_o relation_n may_v right_v she_o by_o battle_n but_o if_o she_o have_v no_o champion_n let_v she_o be_v try_v by_o nine_o red-hot_a ploughshare_n ibid._n tit._n 14._o all_o case_n of_o theft_n and_o wound_v which_o deserve_v a_o mulct_n of_o 2_o shilling_n and_o upward_o to_o the_o high_a mulct_n or_o composition_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v by_o battle_n if_o the_o fact_n be_v deny_v ibid._n tit._n 15._o this_o way_n of_o judgement_n by_o battle_n be_v so_o prevalent_a and_o frequent_a among_o the_o lombard_n in_o italy_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n rotharis_n who_o begin_v his_o reign_n about_o the_o year_n 640_o according_a to_o helvicus_n that_o although_o as_o he_o say_v they_o be_v uncertain_a concern_v the_o judgement_n of_o god_n and_o that_o they_o have_v hear_v many_o have_v by_o duel_n or_o battle_n lose_v their_o cause_n without_o reason_n yet_o such_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o his_o nation_n the_o lombard_n and_o so_o pertinacious_a they_o be_v in_o it_o that_o he_o can_v not_o prohibit_v that_o wicked_a law_n ll._n long._n lib._n 1._o tit._n 9_o c._n 23._o more_o of_o this_o and_o the_o manner_n and_o circumstance_n of_o battle_n or_o duel_n see_v in_o ll._n alaman_n tit._n 84._o and_o in_o my_o preface_n to_o the_o norman_a history_n or_o in_o the_o word_n battle_n or_o duel_n in_o my_o glossary_n there_o be_v beside_o these_o another_o way_n of_o examination_n and_o find_v out_o gild_n and_o innocency_n eucharist_n trial_n by_o a_o decretory_a morsel_n or_o eucharist_n in_o some_o criminal_a cause_n mention_v by_o lambard_n in_o his_o glossary_n by_o a_o judicial_a or_o decretory_a morsel_n call_v by_o the_o saxon_n corsn_v which_o according_a to_o his_o interpretation_n signify_v execrate_v bread_n but_o mr._n verbo_fw-la mr._n glossary_a in_o verbo_fw-la somner_n better_o derive_v it_o from_o the_o same_o cor_n a_o curse_n and_o snaed_n or_o snid_v a_o snidan_n to_o cut_v so_o that_o it_o signify_v a_o execrated_a particle_n morsel_n or_o piece_v this_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o purgation_n of_o regular_n and_o secular_a priest_n who_o if_o accuse_v
send_v his_o letter_n all_o over_o the_o country_n that_o private_o on_o st._n brice_n his_o day_n at_o night_n which_o be_v the_o thirteen_o of_o november_n the_o dane_n shall_v be_v be_v this_o massacre_n seem_v suspicious_a for_o that_o the_o dane_n be_v disperse_v all_o over_o the_o nation_n and_o that_o it_o must_v be_v a_o business_n of_o time_n to_o give_v every_o place_n notice_n of_o the_o design_n it_o be_v scarce_o conceivable_a it_o can_v be_v carry_v on_o with_o so_o great_a secrecy_n require_v to_o such_o a_o universal_a surprise_n beside_o the_o reporter_n of_o it_o agree_v not_o in_o the_o time_n or_o manner_n hen._n of_o huntingdon_n say_v it_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1002._o when_v the_o dane_n live_v peaceable_o and_o quiet_o in_o the_o nation_n matt._n of_o westminster_n affirm_v it_o to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o year_n 1012._o by_o the_o advice_n of_o huna_n king_n ethelred_n general_n upon_o the_o insolent_a behaviour_n of_o the_o dane_n after_o peace_n make_v with_o they_o hoveden_n agree_v with_o huntingdon_n in_o the_o year_n and_o say_v that_o king_n ethelred_n not_o long_o after_o he_o have_v make_v peace_n with_o they_o command_v that_o all_o the_o dane_n great_a and_o small_a of_o both_o sex_n inhabit_v england_n shall_v be_v kill_v because_o they_o seek_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o will_v have_v deprive_v he_o and_o his_o nobility_n of_o their_o life_n if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o massacre_n it_o seem_v rather_o to_o have_v be_v do_v in_o the_o day_n time_n by_o assembly_n of_o the_o people_n call_v together_o under_o pretence_n of_o muster_n or_o some_o other_o public_a business_n which_o may_v be_v a_o unsuspected_a cause_n of_o their_o meeting_n treason_n edric_n ib._n a._n d._n 107._o hoveden_n anno_fw-la codem_fw-la malmsbur_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 10._o what_o he_o be_v his_o abominable_a treason_n massacre_v people_n hen._n hunt_n fol._n 206._o a._n n._n 50._o a._n d._n 1002._o who_o say_v in_o his_o youth_n he_o receive_v '_o this_o story_n from_o very_o ancient_a people_n which_o be_v attempt_v and_o they_o be_v all_o kill_v and_o destroy_v according_o in_o this_o massacre_n among_o the_o rest_n lady_n gunhild_n sister_n to_o swain_n king_n of_o danemarke_n who_o after_o she_o come_v hither_o receive_v christianity_n with_o her_o husband_n palingus_n and_o be_v pledge_v for_o the_o dane_n observe_v the_o peace_n be_v by_o the_o fury_n of_o money_n of_o one_o who_o ethelred_n have_v from_o mean_a degree_n advance_v to_o be_v earl_n or_o duke_n of_o mercia_n and_o give_v he_o in_o marriage_n his_o daughter_n edgith_n he_o be_v call_v sheen_n from_o his_o unsatisfy_a avarice_n he_o be_v vast_o rich_a not_o by_o nobility_n or_o birth_n but_o make_v so_o by_o his_o tongue_n and_o impudence_n he_o be_v crafty_a to_o dissemble_v cunning_a to_o invent_v under_o pretence_n of_o fidelity_n he_o dive_v into_o the_o king_n council_n and_o discover_v they_o as_o a_o traitor_n be_v send_v to_o treat_v of_o peace_n he_o encourage_v the_o king_n enemy_n to_o war._n ever_o when_o he_o see_v ethelred_n or_o his_o son_n edmund_n have_v any_o considerable_a advantage_n he_o by_o some_o trick_n or_o other_o divert_v they_o from_o the_o use_n of_o it_o he_o be_v sometime_o on_o one_o side_n sometime_o on_o the_o other_o where_o he_o can_v get_v the_o best_a plunder_n and_o most_o money_n edric_n earl_n godwin_n father_n brother_n 10._o gunhild_n sister_n to_o swain_n king_n of_o danemarke_n massacre_v de_fw-fr gest_n r._n r._n l._n 2._o c._n 10._o say_v malmsbury_n barbarous_o murder_v the_o news_n of_o this_o bloody_a tragedy_n move_v the_o dane_n to_o revenge_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v king_n swain_n with_o a_o mighty_a navy_n invade_v england_n by_o the_o experience_n of_o his_o former_a invasion_n and_o descent_n there_o he_o well_o enough_o understand_v what_o advantage_n he_o can_v make_v of_o the_o english_a cruelty_n he_o invade_v england_n with_o a_o mighty_a navy_n present_o overruns_a a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o use_v great_a cruelty_n present_o overrun_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n his_o sword_n make_v no_o more_o difference_n between_o age_n sex_n and_o condition_n of_o people_n than_o the_o fire_n do_v of_o house_n or_o their_o material_n the_o cruelty_n and_o violence_n of_o one_o kill_v and_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o other_o destroy_v all_o it_o meet_v with_o suspicious_a by_o ethelred_n command_n hen._n huntingd._n a._n d._n 100l_n every_o 310_o hide_n of_o land_n to_o set_v forth_o a_o ship_n and_o every_o nine_o hide_n a_o soldier_n hoveden_n in_o that_o year_n this_o preparation_n come_v to_o nothing_o ibidem_fw-la lord-dane_n lurdan_n whence_o the_o danish_a massacre_n suspicious_a to_o obviate_v these_o dreadful_a misery_n and_o frequent_a invasion_n ethelred_n command_v that_o every_o 310_o hide_n of_o land_n shall_v set_v forth_o a_o ship_n and_o so_o proportionable_o for_o a_o great_a or_o lesser_a quantity_n and_o every_o nine_o hide_n a_o complete_a arm_n or_o soldier_n but_o this_o great_a preparation_n by_o ill_a management_n and_o storm_n come_v to_o nothing_o eighty_o of_o the_o ship_n at_o one_o time_n be_v wrack_v by_o ill_a weather_n the_o next_o year_n come_v another_o fleet_n of_o dane_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o turkill_n 1013._o ethelred_n dane_n swain_n cnute_n a._n d._n 1013._o and_o soon_o after_o a_o second_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o heningus_n and_o anlaf_n all_o danish_a prince_n the_o former_a whereof_o in_o the_o year_n 1012._o be_v with_o 45_o ship_n swear_v to_o serve_v ethelred_n ethelred_n two_o fleet_n of_o dane_n arrive_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o turkill_n anlaf_n and_o hemingus_n turkill_n with_o 45_o ship_n take_v service_n under_o ethelred_n the_o people_n submit_v to_o swain_n emma_n with_o her_o child_n depart_v into_o normandy_n ethâ—lred_n follow_v they_o hen._n hunt_n a._n d._n 1013._o swain_n impose_v a_o great_a tribute_n upon_o the_o people_n hoveden_n anno_fw-la eodem_fw-la turkill_n do_v the_o same_o hunt_v a._n d._n 1014._o swain_n die_v sudden_o ibidem_fw-la cnute_n make_v king_n by_o the_o dane_n the_o english_a recall_n ethelred_n he_o find_v they_o food_n and_o raiment_n swain_n proceed_v victorious_o almost_o wherever_o he_o come_v receive_v the_o submission_n of_o the_o people_n and_o emma_n queen_n to_o king_n ethelred_n with_o her_o two_o son_n edward_n and_o alfred_n go_v into_o normandy_n to_o her_o brother_n richard_n duke_n thereof_o and_o after_o christmas_n in_o the_o same_o year_n ethelred_n follow_v they_o thither_o from_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n all_o the_o people_n esteem_v and_o receive_v swain_n for_o their_o king_n who_o he_o command_v through_o england_n to_o make_v great_a provision_n for_o his_o navy_n and_o to_o pay_v almost_o a_o intolerable_a intolerable_a this_o be_v very_o heavy_a without_o doubt_n for_o in_o one_o year_n which_o must_v be_v this_o swain_n ingulph_n hist_o 506._o b._n 507._o a._n the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n pay_v 2000_o mark_n in_o one_o year_n to_o swain_n the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n alone_o pay_v 2000_o mark_n to_o swain_n beside_o several_a year_n before_o it_o pay_v to_o ethelred_n 400_o mark_n a_o year_n and_o 200_o l._n for_o building_n of_o ship_n ingulph_n say_v this_o be_v a._n d._n 1018._o when_o as_o other_o say_v swain_n die_v a._n d._n 1014._o therefore_o it_o be_v cnute_n or_o the_o other_o historian_n be_v mistake_v in_o their_o chronology_n tribute_n in_o like_a manner_n turkill_n send_v out_o his_o command_n every_o where_o the_o like_a shall_v be_v pay_v to_o his_o fleet_n that_o lie_v at_o greenwich_n swain_n thus_o obtain_v the_o throne_n of_o england_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n die_v sudden_o after_o his_o death_n the_o danish_a army_n and_o dane_n make_v cnute_n his_o son_n their_o king_n and_o the_o english_a upon_o condition_n of_o his_o better_a government_n send_v to_o ethelred_n to_o return_v out_o of_o normandy_n who_o send_v for_o his_o son_n edward_n with_o promise_n of_o do_v all_o thing_n worthy_a of_o himself_o as_o king_n and_o the_o english_a people_n come_v himself_o soon_o after_o and_o be_v joyful_o receive_v of_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n cnute_n lay_v then_o at_o gainsborough_n to_o who_o the_o people_n of_o northumberland_n and_o lindsey_n in_o lincolnshire_n submit_v into_o the_o latter_a of_o which_o ethelred_n hear_v of_o their_o submission_n march_v and_o destroy_v it_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n cnute_n trouble_v that_o for_o his_o sake_n the_o country_n shall_v suffer_v sail_v to_o sandwich_n where_o he_o leave_v the_o hostage_n give_v to_o his_o father_n ethelred_n cnute_n depart_v and_o return_n with_o 160_o ship_n ib._n a._n d._n 1016._o edric_n betray_v ethelred_n first_o cut_v off_o their_o hand_n and_o nose_n and_o so_o depart_v yet_o in_o as_o short_a a_o time_n as_o may_v be_v returns_z again_o
the_o land_n he_o pass_v away_o or_o to_o give_v so_o much_o other_o land_n in_o lieu_n of_o it_o to_o he_o that_o vouch_v he_o to_o warrant_v it_o 67._o c._n 51._o &_o 67._o wrong_n in_o word_n or_o deed_n as_o battery_n and_o defamation_n be_v action_n personal_a action_n of_o wrong_a possession_n of_o fee_n movable_n or_o chattel_n be_v possessional_a tort._n de_fw-fr tort_fw-fr faicte_n tort._n wrong_v or_o tort_n be_v the_o fountain_n of_o all_o contention_n entry_n c._n 5â—_n forcible_n entry_n forcible_n entry_n and_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n contrary_a to_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o duke_n and_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n etc._n c._n 53._o &_o gloss_n tit._n court_n plea_n of_o the_o sword_n by_o charter_n from_o the_o duke_n knights_z earls_z baron_n have_v court_n etc._n etc._n of_o all_o these_o plea_n and_o also_o plea_n of_o the_o sword_n the_o duke_n have_v his_o lay-court_n and_o also_o by_o grant_n and_o charter_n from_o the_o duke_n knights_z and_o such_o as_o hold_v free_o earldom_n and_o barony_n and_o other_o dignity_n feudal_n whether_o military_a fee_n or_o frank_n sergeanties_n or_o other_o frank_n or_o free_a fee_n have_v their_o court_n of_o their_o resident_n in_o simple_a plaint_n and_o of_o light_n and_o weighty_a matter_n of_o movable_n and_o heritage_n and_o of_o theft_n yea_o although_o they_o be_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o 9_o by_o glanv_n l._n 8._o c._n 9_o battle_n but_o such_o as_o be_v not_o noble_a tenant_n or_o hold_v by_o vile_a service_n as_o bordier_n and_o such_o as_o perform_v drudge_a and_o villain_n service_n have_v no_o court_n or_o usage_n over_o tenant_n in_o such_o fe_n cry_n c._n 52._o tit._n de_fw-fr haron_n our_o hue_n and_o cry_n there_o be_v a_o court_n of_o the_o cry_v call_v haron_n with_o we_o hue_n and_o cry_n to_o which_o all_o that_o hear_v it_o be_v bind_v to_o go_v and_o there_o be_v a_o inquest_n whether_o the_o cry_n be_v rightful_o or_o wrongful_o levy_v for_o it_o be_v never_o raise_v but_o in_o cause_n criminal_a as_o for_o burn_a house_n for_o theft_n murder_n robbery_n or_o other_o great_a and_o apparent_a mischief_n or_o danger_n they_o begin_v at_o the_o place_n the_o fact_n be_v do_v and_o pursue_v the_o malefactor_n from_o parish_n to_o parish_n with_o noise_n and_o arm_n until_o if_o they_o can_v they_o have_v take_v and_o render_v he_o to_o justice_n and_o for_o neglect_v in_o the_o parish_n or_o peoples_n make_v this_o cry_n and_o pursuit_n they_o make_v fine_a to_o the_o duke_n this_o be_v call_v a_o plea_n of_o the_o sword_n or_o as_o we_o call_v it_o of_o the_o crown_n because_o such_o malefactor_n ought_v to_o be_v restrain_v by_o the_o sword_n and_o arm_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v put_v in_o prison_n and_o bind_v such_o plaint_n be_v call_v criminal_a criminal_a ibidem_fw-la plaint_n criminal_a for_o which_o a_o man_n lose_v life_n or_o member_n other_o be_v call_v simple_a by_o which_o the_o malefactor_n be_v only_o chastise_v as_o a_o child_n with_o a_o rod._n the_o court_n of_o some_o plaint_n be_v in_o the_o viscount_n of_o some_o in_o the_o assize_n exchequer_n plaint_n in_o the_o viscount_n assize_n exchequer_n of_o some_o in_o the_o exchequer_n in_o the_o viscount_n be_v only_o hold_v simple_a plaint_n viscount_n what_o plaint_n in_o the_o viscount_n and_o the_o amends_o of_o default_n in_o the_o assize_n and_o such_o plaint_n as_o aught_o to_o have_v the_o term_n of_o fifteen_o day_n that_o be_v be_v hold_v from_o fifteen_o to_o fifteen_o day_n and_o such_o as_o be_v hold_v in_o this_o court_n be_v call_v plea_n vicountel_v vicountel_n plea_n vicountel_n every_o great_a plaint_n as_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n case_n criminal_a exchequer_n ib._n &_o gloss_n k._n what_o plaint_n in_o the_o assize_n and_o exchequer_n case_n touch_v noble_a fee_n and_o all_o the_o like_a great_a plaint_n can_v not_o be_v determine_v but_o in_o the_o assize_n in_o the_o exchequer_n or_o before_o the_o prince_n where_o the_o determination_n be_v record_v and_o for_o this_o reason_n these_o court_n be_v furnish_v with_o more_o sage_a man_n than_o other_o that_o the_o plaint_n may_v be_v more_o discreet_o determine_v the_o exchequer_n be_v a_o assembly_n of_o high_a or_o superior_a justicier_n be_v c._n 56._o what_o the_o norman_a exchequer_n be_v to_o who_o it_o belong_v to_o amend_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o bailiff_n and_o lesser_a justicier_n and_o to_o correct_v their_o error_n to_o render_v right_a to_o every_o man_n without_o delay_n as_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o prince_n to_o preserve_v his_o right_n and_o to_o recall_v such_o thing_n which_o have_v be_v evil_o and_o fraudulent_o grant_v away_o or_o put_v out_o of_o his_o hand_n and_o to_o observe_v every_o where_o as_o with_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o prince_n those_o thing_n which_o appertain_v to_o his_o dignity_n and_o honor._n the_o ordinary_a way_n be_v viscount_n ib._n in_o the_o gloss_n the_o office_n of_o bailiff_n and_o viscount_n that_o the_o viscount_n correct_v the_o ill_a judgement_n and_o error_n of_o the_o base_a justicy_n under_o he_o and_o the_o bailiff_n those_o of_o the_o viscount_n and_o the_o exchequer_n those_o of_o the_o bailiff_n a_o plaint_n or_o clamour_v be_v prosecute_v c._n 57_o a_o plaint_n or_o clamour_v what_o plaintiff_n bind_v to_o prosecute_v when_o any_o one_o show_v by_o complaint_n to_o the_o justicer_n the_o wrong_n that_o be_v do_v he_o who_o have_v power_n to_o receive_v they_o and_o to_o take_v pledge_n of_o the_o complainants_n that_o they_o will_v prosecute_v they_o the_o plaintiff_n thus_o bind_v 58._o c._n 58._o if_o he_o appear_v not_o in_o court_n at_o the_o day_n appoint_v he_o and_o if_o his_o adversary_n then_o appear_v he_o have_v leave_v to_o go_v without_o day_n if_o the_o suit_n be_v concern_v a_o layfee_n what_o to_o go_v without_o day_n what_o and_o the_o view_n be_v make_v and_o the_o plaintiff_n pursue_v not_o his_o claim_n but_o make_v default_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v hear_v any_o more_o in_o that_o matter_n default_n to_o lose_v by_o default_n and_o if_o the_o defendant_n make_v default_n in_o that_o case_n he_o ought_v to_o lose_v the_o seisin_n of_o the_o fee_n which_o be_v show_v or_o view_v etc._n c._n 62._o glanv_n l._n 2._o c._n 3._o witness_n etc._n etc._n witness_n swear_v to_o what_o they_o hear_v and_o see_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o do_v as_o the_o court_n shall_v award_v no_o man_n to_o witness_v in_o his_o own_o case_n nor_o his_o heir_n for_o he_o nor_o any_o partaker_n in_o the_o plaint_n or_o relation_n attorney_n c._n 63_o 64_o 65._o pleader_n conteur_n attorney_n there_o be_v pledeurs_fw-fr conteurs_fw-fr and_o attorney_n that_o plead_v and_o manage_v case_n in_o normandy_n to_o these_o be_v answerable_a our_o sergeant_n barrester_n and_o attorney_n view_n c._n 66._o view_v before_o trial_n land_n demand_v by_o battle_n or_o writ_n of_o right_n knight_n etc._n etc._n make_v the_o view_n there_o be_v also_o view_v of_o several_a thing_n require_v before_o trial_n view_v of_o the_o fee_n view_v of_o the_o sick_a person_n view_v of_o the_o mischief_n do_v view_v of_o the_o person_n slay_v view_v of_o the_o deflower_v virgin_n etc._n etc._n the_o view_n of_o the_o fee_n or_o land_n in_o question_n when_o it_o be_v demand_v by_o battle_n or_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n and_o general_o in_o all_o plea_n or_o controversy_n concern_v the_o inheritance_n be_v make_v by_o four_o knight_n and_o twelve_o lawful-man_n knight_n novel_a disselsin_n view_v make_v by_o knight_n languor_n view_v make_v by_o knight_n in_o novelle_n disseisines_n and_o all_o plaint_n bring_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o novel_a disseisin_n which_o be_v for_o possession_n the_o view_n may_v be_v make_v by_o twelve_o lawful_a man_n without_o knight_n but_o it_o be_v better_a if_o knight_n be_v there_o if_o they_o may_v easy_o be_v have_v the_o view_n of_o languor_n or_o sickness_n be_v make_v by_o here_o by_o glanv_n lib._n 1._o c._n 19_o the_o same_o here_o four_o knight_n the_o view_n of_o murder_n homicide_n mayheme_n or_o wound_n inflict_v by_o force_n be_v make_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o view_n of_o a_o virgin_n deflower_v be_v make_v by_o seven_o matron_n of_o good_a credit_n querelles_n c._n 67._o c._n 51._o tit._n de_fw-fr querelles_n plea_n or_o plaint_n some_o be_v personal_a some_o real_a personal_a either_o by_o deed_n or_o word_n by_o deed_n as_o by_o battery_n or_o wound_n battel_n c._n 68_o glanv_n l._n 14._o c._n 3_o murder_n battel_n in_o suit_n of_o murder_n r._n complain_v of_o t._n that_o he_o felonious_o murder_v his_o father_n be_v in_o the_o peace_n of_o god_n and_o the_o duke_n and_o that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o prove_v it_o etc._n etc._n if_o t._n deny_v it_o word_n for_o word_n and_o offer_v gage_n to_o defend_v
normandy_n and_o not_o long_o after_o the_o king_n of_o france_n die_v flanders_n ibidem_fw-la d._n king_n henry_n die_v leave_v his_o son_n to_o the_o care_n of_o baldwin_n earl_n of_o flanders_n and_o philip_n his_o son_n a_o child_n succeed_v he_o between_o who_o and_o the_o duke_n there_o be_v always_o a_o firm_a peace_n he_o be_v leave_v by_o his_o father_n under_o the_o tuition_n and_o protection_n of_o his_o uncle_n baldwin_n earl_n of_o flanders_n who_o be_v a_o great_a assistant_n to_o william_n and_o who_o daughter_n marry_v daughter_n ibidem_fw-la 183._o d._n who_o daughter_n william_n have_v marry_v matild_v he_o marry_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o tumult_n insurrection_n and_o trouble_n about_o the_o same_o time_n galfrid_n d._n galfrid_n ib._n 188._o d._n martell_n also_o die_v these_o enemy_n dead_a he_o be_v at_o leisure_n to_o pursue_v his_o design_n upon_o anjou_n upon_o ibidem_fw-la 189._o b._n he_o claim_v anjou_n anjou_n to_o which_o beside_o the_o gift_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n upon_o the_o conclusion_n of_o peace_n between_o they_o after_o the_o battle_n of_o mortimer_n in_o caux_n he_o have_v likewise_o a_o title_n from_o herbert_n son_n of_o earl_n hugh_n who_o martel_n have_v expel_v he_o die_v without_o issue_n leave_v william_n his_o heir_n and_o will_v his_o people_n they_o shall_v seek_v for_o no_o other_o lord_n but_o they_o set_v up_o walter_n earl_n of_o main_a who_o have_v marry_v the_o sister_n of_o hugh_n submit_v hugh_n ibid._n d._n the_o anjovins_n submit_v yet_o not_o long_o after_o be_v weary_v with_o the_o incursion_n of_o william_n they_o joyful_o receive_v he_o as_o their_o lord_n c._n lord_n gul._n pict_n 196._o c._n these_o success_n and_o the_o fame_n of_o his_o piety_n by_o sound_v endow_a and_o advance_v church_n and_o monastery_n spread_v through_o france_n and_o the_o adjacent_a country_n bring_v a_o great_a frequency_n of_o foreign_a nobility_n to_o his_o court_n as_o well_o ecclesiastic_a as_o secular_a some_o esteem_v it_o a_o favour_n to_o be_v allow_v to_o remain_v there_o other_o to_z observe_z and_o take_v advice_n and_o some_o to_o enter_v into_o the_o service_n of_o the_o duke_n and_o it_o add_v much_o to_o his_o glory_n that_o be_v at_o this_o time_n in_o a_o universal_a quiet_a ibidem_fw-la quiet_a ibidem_fw-la none_o dare_v to_o arm_n against_o he_o that_o he_o provide_v for_o the_o security_n of_o church_n and_o state_n b._n state_n ib._n 193._o b._n c._n d._n and_o 194._o a._n b._n discourage_v the_o loose_a luxurious_a and_o profane_a ecclesiastic_n encourage_v the_o sober_a learned_a and_o pious_a take_v care_n also_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o widow_n poor_a and_o fatherless_a by_o quicken_a the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n and_o where_o they_o be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o that_o purpose_n ordain_v new_a one_o in_o this_o recess_n from_o war_n and_o business_n harold_n he_o go_v over_o into_o england_n see_v the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o of_o harold_n he_o go_v over_o into_o england_n as_o be_v relate_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n whither_o the_o course_n of_o this_o history_n be_v to_o be_v refer_v until_o the_o end_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o also_o unto_o the_o end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o harold_n this_o mighty_a fame_n he_o acquire_v by_o these_o action_n and_o the_o opportunity_n he_o have_v give_v he_o etc._n he_o here_o in_o ed._n confessor_n of_o the_o easy_a conquest_n of_o england_n the_o clergy_n ignorant_a and_o debauch_v and_o nobility_n loose_a and_o profane_a etc._n etc._n of_o view_v and_o observe_v the_o chief_a fortress_n city_n and_o castle_n when_o he_o be_v in_o england_n be_v no_o small_a advantage_n towards_o the_o conquest_n of_o it_o but_o that_o which_o make_v it_o easy_a and_o the_o possession_n more_o peaceable_a be_v the_o irreconcilable_a feud_n between_o harold_n and_o his_o brother_n tobi_n the_o 30._o the_o malmsb_n vit_fw-mi gul._n 57_o a._n n._n 54._o ibid._n b._n n._n 10._o mat._n par._n vit_fw-fr fred._n abb._n 46._o n._n 30._o looseness_n debauchery_n and_o ignorance_n of_o the_o english_a clergy_n and_o nobility_n 3_o nobility_n in_o the_o manusc_n book_n of_o additament_n fol._n 79._o b._n cite_v by_o dr._n watts_n his_o note_n upon_o mat._n paris_n fol._n 3_o the_o large_a possession_n of_o religious_a house_n which_o if_o they_o have_v be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o temporal_a lord_n will_v have_v enable_v they_o to_o have_v make_v resistance_n but_o be_v in_o their_o hand_n hand_n william_n answer_v the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n give_v he_o this_o reason_n of_o the_o easiness_n of_o the_o conquest_n and_o quiet_a possession_n of_o england_n that_o if_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n the_o conquest_n of_o england_n may_v be_v as_o easy_a to_o the_o dane_n or_o any_o other_o that_o shall_v make_v war_n upon_o he_o ibidem_fw-la ibidem_fw-la and_o he_o shall_v not_o know_v how_o to_o defend_v his_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o begin_v with_o he_o and_o take_v away_o some_o of_o his_o large_a possession_n to_o maintain_v soldier_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o nation_n almost_o all_o his_o land_n and_o lordship_n as_o it_o be_v say_v there_o between_o barnet_n and_o london_n stone_n they_o neither_o will_v or_o aught_o to_o oppose_v he_o who_o they_o think_v have_v right_a to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o last_o the_o different_a and_o jar_a saxon_a danish_a and_o norman_a interest_n which_o incline_v they_o several_a way_n confessor_n see_v the_o reign_v of_o etheldred_n harold_n the_o one_a hardecnute_a and_o edward_n the_o confessor_n the_o saxon_a nobility_n and_o people_n will_v have_v have_v edgar_n atheling_n the_o right_a heir_n of_o that_o line_n their_o king_n the_o danish_a will_v have_v bring_v in_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n who_o claim_v from_o hardecnute_a and_o both_o perhaps_o against_o the_o norman_a interest_n as_o be_v late_o introduce_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o etheldred_n by_o the_o marriage_n of_o emme_n except_o such_o as_o by_o the_o example_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n be_v incline_v to_o and_o train_v up_o in_o the_o norman_a modes_n and_o custom_n conquest_n norman_a bishop_n and_o great_a man_n before_o the_o conquest_n who_o prefer_v many_o of_o that_o nation_n to_o great_a dignity_n so_o that_o in_o this_o time_n there_o be_v 1023._o be_v scriptor_n norman_n 1023._o robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n william_n bishop_n of_o london_n wulsus_n london_n in_o append_v n._n 9_o al._n wulsus_n who_o obtain_v the_o charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o that_o city_n from_o the_o conqueror_n vrsus_fw-la bishop_n of_o dorchester_n in_o oxfordshire_n the_o great_a diocese_n in_o england_n all_o norman_n randulph_n peverell_n in_o essex_n fitz-scrobi_a in_o salop_n ralph_n earl_n of_o east-angle_n danbin_n de_fw-fr bear_n hugolin_n his_o chancellor_n and_o steward_n swein_n of_o essex_n alfrid_n the_o yeoman_n of_o his_o stirrup_n and_o many_o other_o laic_n man_n of_o great_a power_n and_o reputation_n with_o the_o people_n who_o have_v several_a employment_n here_o especial_o those_o place_v to_o defend_v the_o march_n against_o the_o welsh_a and_o call_v in_o for_o that_o purpose_n by_o edward_n the_o conqueror_n after_o the_o battle_n of_o hastings_n fatal_a to_o the_o english_a romney_n english_a pictav_n 204._o c._n d._n the_o conqueror_n march_v after_o his_o victory_n at_o hastings_n to_o romney_n have_v bury_v his_o dead_a and_o appoint_v a_o stout_a governor_n in_o that_o fortress_n march_v to_o romney_n where_o have_v revenge_v himself_o of_o the_o cruel_a inhabitant_n so_o they_o be_v there_o call_v for_o the_o slaughter_n of_o some_o of_o his_o man_n by_o a_o mistake_n land_v at_o that_o place_n he_o thence_o advance_v to_o dover_n whither_o though_o a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o people_n have_v betake_v themselves_o as_o to_o a_o place_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o castle_n inexpugnable_a yet_o dismay_v with_o the_o conqueror_n approach_n the_o place_n with_o all_o readiness_n submit_v to_o he_o yield_v dover_n yield_v who_o after_o eight_o day_n fortification_n of_o it_o march_v from_o thence_o and_o leave_v his_o sick_a man_n there_o not_o far_o from_o dover_n the_o kentish_a man_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n come_v in_o to_o he_o swear_v fealty_n and_o give_v hostage_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o it_o william_n the_o kentish_a man_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n come_v into_o william_n submission_n william_n ib._n 205_o a._n b._n etc._n etc._n canterbury_n send_v hâ—r_a submission_n canterbury_n also_o send_v her_o submission_n and_o the_o next_o day_n he_o come_v to_o the_o break_a not_o break_a in_o latin_a fracta_fw-la turris_n this_o place_n be_v somewhere_o in_o kent_n and_o not_o far_o from_o canterbury_n but_o where_o i_o know_v not_o tower_n proceed_v forward_o and_o understand_v where_o stigand_n the_o archbishop_n with_o the_o earl_n edwin_n and_o morcar_n and_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n
mention_v his_o holiness_n gain_v the_o first_o polut_v of_o his_o usurp_v jurisdiction_n in_o england_n although_o william_n still_o retain_v the_o absolute_a power_n of_o invest_v bishop_n and_o seem_v only_o to_o use_v the_o advice_n and_o assistance_n of_o the_o legate_n in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n for_o that_o no_o decree_n or_o constitution_n be_v put_v in_o execution_n without_o his_o royal_a assent_n 1071._o assent_n eadmer_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la n._n 49._o lanfranc_n make_v archbishop_n a_o do._n 1071._o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n lanfranc_n abbot_n of_o caen_n in_o normandy_n a_o stout_a man_n and_o very_o much_o skill_v in_o divine_a and_o humane_a affair_n be_v make_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o consecrate_a the_o four_o of_o the_o kalend_n of_o sptember_n or_o the_o twenty_o nine_o of_o august_n england_n august_n malm_v the_o gest_n pon._n lib._n â—_o fol._n 117._o a_o b._n the_o pope_n decree_v the_o controversy_n about_o the_o primacy_n between_o york_n and_o canterbury_n ought_v to_o be_v decide_v in_o england_n afterward_o go_v to_o rome_n for_o his_o pall_n thomas_n archbishop_n of_o york_n who_o he_o have_v consecrate_a go_v with_o he_o where_o thomas_n propound_v to_o pope_n alexander_n the_o controversy_n between_o himself_o and_o lanfranc_n about_o the_o primacy_n and_o subjection_n of_o the_o see_v of_o york_n to_o canterbury_n and_o the_o three_o bishopric_n of_o lincoln_n worcester_n and_o litchfield_n which_o he_o claim_v as_o subject_a to_o york_n the_o pope_n decree_v that_o the_o cause_n ought_v to_o be_v hear_v in_o england_n and_o decide_v by_o the_o testimony_n and_o judgement_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o abbat_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n b._n kingdom_n spelm._n council_n vol._n 2._o fol._n 6._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1072._o sir_n john_n danis_n irish_a report_n fol._n 89._o b._n after_o two_o discussion_n one_o at_o winchester_n in_o the_o king_n chapel_n there_o in_o the_o castle_n in_o the_o solemnity_n of_o easter_n and_o the_o other_o at_o windsor_n in_o the_o feast_n of_o pentecost_n it_o be_v final_o determine_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n bishop_n abbat_n and_o of_o hubert_n legat_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n as_o say_v 30._o say_v fol._n 8._o n._n 30._o paris_n and_o many_o other_o order_n of_o man_n meet_v there_o upon_o the_o affair_n the_o the_o conqueror_n common_o keep_v easter_n at_o winchester_n whitsunday_n at_o windsor_n or_o westminster_n and_o christmas_n at_o gloucester_n at_o which_o time_n be_v present_a in_o court_n all_o the_o temporal_a nobility_n bishop_n abbat_n etc._n etc._n through_o all_o england_n so_o that_o at_o those_o time_n he_o can_v hold_v a_o great_a council_n or_o synod_n at_o a_o day_n warning_n when_o he_o please_v and_o at_o those_o time_n be_v common_o hold_v the_o great_a council_n for_o all_o public_a affair_n occasion_n of_o that_o festival_n scotland_n festival_n malm_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la b._n n._n 20_o 30_o 40._o the_o church_n of_o york_n ought_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o canterbury_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o york_n extend_v to_o the_o further_a part_n of_o scotland_n upon_o proof_n make_v by_o old_a authority_n and_o write_n that_o the_o church_n of_o york_n ought_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o church_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n to_o obey_v the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o all_o thing_n pertain_v to_o christian_a religion_n as_o the_o primate_n of_o all_o britain_n that_o the_o bishopric_n of_o duresm_n and_o all_o the_o country_n from_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o bishopric_n of_o litchfield_n and_o from_o the_o great_a river_n humber_n unto_o the_o further_a part_n of_o scotland_n shall_v be_v the_o province_n and_o under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o york_n so_o that_o if_o the_o archbishop_n call_v a_o council_n wherever_o he_o please_v the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n with_o his_o suffragans_fw-la be_v to_o be_v present_a there_o and_o give_v obedience_n to_o what_o shall_v be_v determine_v that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n ought_v to_o receive_v episcopal_a benediction_n from_o he_o and_o under_o oath_n to_o make_v unto_o he_o canonical_a profession_n to_o these_o constitution_n the_o king_n arch-bishop_n bishop_n abbat_n and_o all_o these_o present_a agree_v and_o as_o 20._o as_o hist_o nou._n fol._n 9_o n._n 20._o eadmer_n say_v who_o have_v most_o reason_n to_o know_v best_a they_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o king_n seal_n about_o this_o time_n he_o amend_v distinguish_v amend_v cart._n in_o append._n n._n 11._o the_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a jurisdiction_n distinguish_v the_o episcopal_a law_n which_o have_v not_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o his_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n abbat_n and_o all_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o command_v by_o his_o regal_a authority_n that_o no_o bishop_n or_o archdeacon_n shall_v hold_v plea_n in_o the_o hundred_o concern_v episcopal_a law_n nor_o shall_v bring_v any_o cause_n pertain_v to_o the_o government_n of_o soul_n before_o a_o secular_a judicature_n but_o that_o every_o one_o that_o have_v transgress_v episcopal_a law_n shall_v be_v judge_v in_o a_o place_n where_o the_o bishop_n shall_v appoint_v according_a to_o the_o same_o law_n and_o canon_n law_n canon_n this_o be_v leave_v out_o by_o mr._n selden_n f._n 167_o 168._o not._n in_o eadmer_n no_o sheriff_n minister_n or_o laic_a to_o meddle_v with_o episcopal_a law_n and_o if_o any_o one_o be_v so_o obstinate_a as_o not_o to_o appear_v at_o the_o three_o summons_n he_o shall_v be_v excommunicate_v and_o if_o need_n be_v the_o king_n or_o sheriff_n power_n be_v to_o be_v add_v and_o further_o command_v that_o no_o sheriff_n minister_n or_o laic_a shall_v intermeddle_v with_o the_o bishop_n law_n before_o this_o the_o bishop_n sit_v with_o the_o sheriff_n in_o the_o county_n court_n or_o turn_v and_o with_o the_o hundredary_n in_o the_o hundred_o court_n if_o he_o please_v where_o they_o promiscuous_o determine_v ecclesiastical_a and_o secular_a cause_n and_o from_o this_o time_n the_o separation_n of_o both_o jurisdiction_n bear_v date_n and_o further_o out_o of_o the_o fullness_n of_o ecclesiastical_a power_n with_o which_o he_o think_v himself_o invest_v in_o right_a of_o his_o crown_n ibid._n crown_n cleopat_fw-la e._n 1._o bibl._n coâ—ton_n 1._o vol._n of_o the_o state_n of_o he_o church_n &_o ex_fw-la chart._n willielmi_n sub_fw-la sigillo_fw-la ibid._n by_o the_o assent_n of_o lanfranc_n archbishop_n and_o stigand_n bishop_n of_o chichester_n in_o a_o council_n of_o his_o bishop_n and_o baron_n grant_v to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n martin_n of_o battle-abby_n which_o he_o found_v 1086._o found_v in_o append_v n._n 12._o an._n do._n 1086._o all_o the_o freedom_n from_o subjection_n imaginable_a and_o that_o although_o it_o be_v within_o the_o diocese_n of_o winchester_n yet_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o bishop_n abby_n great_a privilege_n grant_v by_o william_n to_o battle_n abby_n and_o that_o in_o his_o visitation_n he_o shall_v not_o lodge_v there_o nor_o in_o any_o of_o the_o manner_n belong_v to_o it_o and_o that_o in_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o same_o church_n and_o a_o league_n every_o way_n round_o about_o it_o the_o abbot_n shall_v be_v lord_n and_o judge_n the_o violator_n of_o which_o constitution_n be_v for_o ever_o anathematise_v by_o lanfranc_n archbishop_n stigand_n aforesaid_a walkelin_a bishop_n of_o winchester_n wolstan_n bishop_n of_o worcerster_n all_o then_o present_a the_o pope_n send_v to_o william_n by_o his_o legate_n hubert_n to_o do_v he_o fealty_n and_o pay_v he_o the_o arrear_n of_o peterpence_n but_o though_o willing_a to_o gratify_v he_o in_o one_o he_o absolute_o pope_n absolute_o in_o appe_v n._n 13._o the_o conqueror_n refuse_v to_o be_v feudatary_a to_o the_o pope_n deny_v the_o other_o and_o refuse_v to_o become_v his_o feudatary_n or_o vassal_n for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n archbishop_z lanfranc_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n hold_v and_o preside_v in_o many_o council_n in_o one_o at_o london_n member_n london_n spelm._n council_n fol._n 7_o 8._o vol._n 2._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1075._o bishopric_n remove_v from_o village_n to_o city_n the_o clergy_n not_o to_o give_v judgement_n in_o loss_n of_o life_n or_o member_n wherein_o because_o it_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o council_n of_o sardis_n and_o laodicea_n that_o bishop_n see_v shall_v be_v in_o village_n therefore_o by_o the_o king_n munificence_n and_o authority_n of_o this_o synod_n bishop_n hermannus_n remove_v from_o sherborn_n to_o salisbury_n stigand_n from_o selsey_n to_o chichester_n peter_n from_o litchfield_n to_o chester_n and_o afterward_o remigius_n from_o dorchester_n a_o village_n in_o oxfordshire_n to_o lincoln_n it_o be_v also_o ordain_v in_o this_o council_n that_o according_a to_o the_o council_n of_o eliberis_n and_o the_o eleven_o of_o toledo_n both_o city_n in_o spain_n that_o no_o bishop_n or_o abbot_n
of_o two_o order_n clergy_n and_o laity_n laity_n laity_n hoved._n f._n 285._o a._n n._n 10._o the_o church_n consist_v of_o two_o order_n clergy_n and_o laity_n ecclesia_fw-la dei_fw-la in_o duobus_fw-la constat_fw-la ordinibus_fw-la in_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la among_o the_o clergy_n be_v apostle_n and_o apostolic_a man_n laity_n the_o church_n consist_v of_o two_o order_n clergy_n and_o laity_n bishop_n and_o other_o governor_n or_o rector_n of_o church_n to_o who_o the_o care_n and_o government_n of_o the_o church_n be_v commit_v in_o clero_fw-la sunt_fw-la apostoli_fw-la &_o apostolici_fw-la viri_fw-la episcopi_fw-la etc._n etc._n ibidem_fw-la etc._n ibidem_fw-la among_o the_o laity_n be_v king_n duke_n earls_z and_o other_o power_n who_o transact_v secular_a affair_n that_o they_o may_v reduce_v the_o whole_a to_o the_o peace_n and_o unity_n of_o the_o church_n in_o populo_fw-la sunt_fw-la reges_fw-la deuce_n &_o comites_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o because_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o king_n receive_v their_o power_n from_o the_o church_n mouth_n king_n receive_v their_o power_n from_o the_o church_n according_a to_o the_o arch-bishop_n doctrine_n the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n between_o the_o king_n and_o archbishop_n from_o his_o own_o mouth_n and_o not_o that_o from_o they_o but_o from_o christ_n therefore_o he_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v to_o command_v bishop_n to_o excommunicate_v or_o absolve_v anyone_o to_o force_v clere_n into_o secular_a court_n or_o judicature_n to_o judge_v of_o tithe_n of_o church_n to_o prohibit_v bishop_n that_o they_o handle_v not_o or_o meddle_v with_o transgression_n or_o breach_n of_o faith_n or_o oath_n interdicere_fw-la episcopis_fw-la ne_fw-la tractent_fw-la de_fw-fr transgressione_n fidei_fw-la vel_fw-la juramenti_fw-la and_o many_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v write_v after_o this_o manner_n among_o his_o custom_n which_o he_o call_v ancient_a then_o after_o a_o 20._o a_o ibidem_fw-la n._n 20._o citation_n of_o scripture_n out_o of_o the_o prophet_n woe_n to_o those_o that_o make_v unjust_a law_n and_o write_v write_v injustice_n that_o do_v oppress_v the_o poor_a in_o judgement_n and_o do_v wrong_a to_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o humble_a of_o the_o people_n of_o god_n he_o go_v on_o â—let_n my_o king_n my_o ibidem_fw-la his_o speech_n or_o epistle_n to_o the_o king_n lord_n if_o he_o please_v hear_v the_o counsel_n of_o his_o faithful_a one_o the_o admonition_n of_o his_o bishop_n the_o chastisement_n of_o his_o father_n have_v no_o familiarity_n or_o communion_n for_o the_o future_a with_o a._n with_o that_o be_v frederic_n the_o emperor_n and_o such_o as_o adhaer_v to_o pope_n victor_n and_o reject_v alexander_n see_v here_o fol._n 303._o a._n schismatic_n for_o it_o be_v know_v to_o the_o whole_a world_n how_o devout_o and_o honourable_o you_o receive_v the_o pope_n meaning_n alexander_n how_o you_o honour_v and_o cherish_v the_o roman_a church_n how_o much_o the_o pope_n and_o roman_a church_n love_v and_o honour_v your_o person_n and_o hear_v you_o in_o all_o thing_n whatever_o they_o can_v without_o offence_n to_o god_n et_fw-la in_o quibuscunque_fw-la secundum_fw-la deum_fw-la potuerint_fw-la vos_fw-la exaudierint_fw-la do_v not_o therefore_o my_o lord_n if_o you_o desire_v the_o health_n of_o your_o soul_n any_o way_n subtract_v from_o that_o church_n what_o be_v its_o own_o or_o oppose_v it_o any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o justice_n yea_o let_v it_o have_v the_o same_o liberty_n in_o your_o kingdom_n which_o it_o be_v know_v to_o have_v in_o other_o be_v mindful_a also_o of_o the_o profession_n you_o make_v and_o lay_v it_o write_v upon_o the_o altar_n at_o westminster_n when_o you_o be_v consecrate_v and_o anoint_a king_n by_o our_o predecessor_n that_o you_o will_v preserve_v to_o the_o church_n of_o god_n her_o liberty_n and_o that_o you_o will_v restore_v the_o church_n of_o canterbury_n to_o the_o same_o state_n and_o dignity_n it_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o your_o and_o our_o predecessor_n restore_v whole_o to_o we_o the_o possession_n that_o belong_v to_o that_o church_n the_o town_n castle_n land_n which_o you_o distribute_v at_o your_o pleasure_n and_o all_o thing_n take_v away_o from_o we_o our_o clerc_n or_o layman_n permit_v we_o free_o and_o in_o peace_n to_o return_v to_o our_o see_n and_o we_o be_v ready_a faithful_o and_o with_o respect_n to_o serve_v you_o as_o our_o most_o dear_a lord_n and_o king_n in_o all_o thing_n we_o can_v save_v the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o our_o order_n 40._o order_n ibidem_fw-la n._n 40._o otherwise_o know_v certain_o that_o you_o shall_v feel_v the_o divine_a severity_n and_o vengeance_n et_fw-la nos_fw-la vobis_fw-la tanquam_fw-la charissimo_fw-la domino_fw-la et_fw-la regi_fw-la fideliter_fw-la et_fw-la devote_v servire_fw-la parati_fw-la sumus_fw-la in_fw-la quibuscunque_fw-la poterimus_fw-la 5._o poterimus_fw-la the_o same_o word_n be_v in_o quadrilogus_fw-la lib._n 5._o salvo_n honore_n dei_fw-la et_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la romanae_fw-la et_fw-la ordine_fw-la nostro_fw-la 5._o nostro_fw-la the_o same_o word_n be_v in_o quadrilogus_fw-la lib._n 5._o alioquin_fw-la pro_fw-la â—certo_fw-la scias_fw-la quod_fw-la divinam_fw-la severitatem_fw-la et_fw-la ultionem_fw-la senties_fw-la in_o a_o 46._o a_o append._n n._n 46._o epistle_n to_o his_o suffragans_fw-la he_o expostulate_v with_o they_o why_o they_o concur_v not_o with_o he_o in_o oppose_v the_o king_n and_o reclaim_v he_o from_o his_o perverse_a purpose_n which_o seem_v to_o he_o dangerous_a and_o intolerable_a and_o give_v they_o notice_n that_o first_o have_v invoke_v the_o grace_n of_o the_o holy_a spirit_n he_o have_v damn_v and_o cassated_a the_o writing_n they_o he_o expostulate_v with_o his_o suffragans_fw-la why_o they_o concur_v not_o with_o he_o in_o oppose_v the_o king_n etc._n etc._n he_o castate_n and_o null_v the_o king_n law_n and_o excommunicate_v all_o the_o favourer_n of_o they_o in_o which_o he_o have_v publish_v his_o custom_n or_o rather_o as_o he_o call_v they_o pravity_n and_o that_o he_o have_v excommunicate_v all_o the_o observer_n exactor_n adviser_n promoter_n and_o defender_n of_o they_o and_o have_v absolve_v all_o they_o his_o suffragans_fw-la by_o god_n and_o his_o own_o authority_n from_o the_o observation_n of_o they_o also_o that_o he_o have_v excommunicate_v john_n of_o oxford_n afterward_o dean_n of_o salisbury_n and_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n for_o join_v with_o reginald_n archbishop_n of_o colon_n and_o the_o german_n for_o victor_n alias_o octavian_n against_o alexander_n and_o for_o usurp_a the_o deanery_n of_o salisbury_n against_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o command_n and_o declare_v his_o title_n to_o it_o null_n and_o void_a he_o also_o matter_n also_o ibidem_fw-la he_o excommunicate_v by_o name_n many_o other_o for_o several_a matter_n let_v they_o know_v he_o have_v excommunicate_v richard_n ivecestre_n or_o ilcester_n for_o join_v with_o archbishop_n reginald_n and_o the_o german_n as_o be_v say_v before_o and_o that_o he_o have_v excommunicate_v richard_n de_fw-fr luci_n and_o jocelin_n de_fw-fr bailol_n because_o they_o draw_v up_o and_o put_v into_o form_n the_o royal_a custom_n and_o law_n or_o as_o he_o say_v because_o they_o be_v the_o author_n and_o maker_n of_o those_o pravity_n likewise_o that_o he_o have_v excommunicate_v ranulph_n de_fw-fr broc_n for_o take_v and_o detain_v the_o good_n of_o the_o church_n of_o canturbury_n and_o for_o take_v and_o imprison_v his_o man_n or_o tenant_n as_o layman_n that_o with_o he_o he_o have_v excommunicate_v hugh_n de_fw-fr st._n clare_n and_o thomas_n fitz-bernard_n who_o have_v occupy_v the_o good_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o same_o church_n without_o his_o connivance_n or_o assent_n and_o all_o other_o that_o afterward_o shall_v do_v the_o like_a he_o further_o it_o further_o ibidem_fw-la he_o tell_v his_o suffragans_fw-la he_o yet_o defer_v to_o pronounce_v sentence_n against_o the_o king_n person_n but_o be_v ready_a to_o do_v it_o signify_v to_o they_o that_o as_o yet_o he_o have_v defer_v to_o pronounce_v sentence_n against_o the_o king_n person_n expect_v that_o be_v inspire_v by_o divine_a grace_n he_o may_v repent_v which_o if_o he_o do_v not_o quick_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o do_v it_o and_o command_v their_o fraternity_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o obedience_n that_o they_o shall_v esteem_v as_o excommunicate_v the_o before_o mention_v person_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v denounce_v such_o enjoin_v the_o bishop_n of_o london_n to_o send_v and_o show_v this_o epistle_n to_o all_o his_o brethren_n and_o fellow-bishop_n of_o his_o province_n after_o these_o proceed_n of_o the_o archbishop_n etc._n a_o severe_a edict_n to_o watch_v the_o port_n and_o against_o such_o as_o bring_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o pope_n etc._n etc._n king_n henry_n send_v his_o precept_n into_o england_n that_o all_o the_o port_n shall_v be_v most_o strict_o watch_v lest_o letter_n of_o interdiction_n shall_v be_v any_o way_n bring_v in_o and_o if_o any_o one_o bring_v they_o he_o
command_v his_o foot_n shall_v be_v cut_v off_o if_o he_o be_v a_o clerc_n then_o to_o lose_v his_o eye_n and_o genitals_o if_o a_o laic_a to_o be_v hang_v if_o a_o leper_n to_o be_v burn_v and_o if_o any_o bishop_n fear_v such_o interdict_v will_v depart_v the_o nation_n he_o shall_v carry_v nothing_o with_o he_o but_o his_o staff_n he_o will_v also_o that_o all_o scholar_n shall_v return_v into_o england_n or_o they_o shall_v be_v deprive_v of_o their_o benefice_n and_o such_o as_o staid_a shall_v never_o return_v the_o priest_n that_o will_v not_o chant_v or_o sing_v mass_n he_o order_v to_o be_v geld_v and_o all_o such_o as_o be_v rebel_n to_o he_o be_v to_o lose_v their_o fee_n or_o livelyhood_n he_o also_o send_v his_o archbishop_n his_o append._n n._n 47._o the_o king_n command_v the_o sheriff_n to_o imprison_v all_o such_o as_o appeal_v to_o the_o pope_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o seize_v the_o rent_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o archbishop_n writ_n to_o all_o the_o sheriff_n in_o england_n that_o they_o shall_v imprison_v all_o such_o as_o appeal_v to_o rome_n until_o his_o pleasure_n be_v know_v that_o they_o shall_v seize_v all_o the_o rent_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o archbishop_n as_o ralph_n de_fw-fr brock_n and_o his_o other_o minister_n shall_v direct_v that_o they_o shall_v take_v security_n for_o the_o good_a behaviour_n of_o the_o father_n mother_n sister_n brother_n nephew_n and_o niece_n of_o all_o such_o clerc_n as_o be_v with_o the_o archbishop_n and_o also_o that_o their_o good_n shall_v be_v forthcoming_a until_o his_o pleasure_n be_v know_v when_o he_o relation_n he_o hoved._n f._n 286._o b._n n._n 10._o a._n d._n 1166._o he_o banish_v all_o his_o relation_n return_v out_o of_o normandy_n into_o england_n in_o the_o year_n 1166._o he_o banish_v out_o of_o england_n and_o all_o his_o dominion_n all_o man_n and_o woman_n that_o he_o can_v find_v which_o be_v akin_a to_o the_o archbishop_n and_o spare_v not_o the_o child_n suck_v their_o mother_n breast_n and_o he_o have_v not_o be_v two_o year_n in_o the_o abbey_n of_o pontigny_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o champaign_n and_o burgundy_n with_o warin_n and_o his_o monk_n to_o who_o pope_n alexander_n have_v recommend_v he_o pontigny_n he_o ib._n n._n 20._o and_o force_v he_o to_o leave_v the_o monastery_n of_o pontigny_n but_o king_n henry_n send_v to_o the_o abbot_n that_o if_o he_o shelter_v any_o long_a the_o archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n in_o his_o monastery_n he_o will_v banish_v all_o the_o monk_n of_o his_o columb_n his_o they_o be_v cistertian_n from_o whence_o he_o go_v to_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n columb_n order_n out_o of_o england_n the_o archbishop_n be_v tell_v of_o this_o message_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n leave_v the_o place_n lest_o for_o his_o sake_n so_o many_o religious_a house_n may_v perish_v and_o from_o thence_o he_o go_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o receive_v he_o very_o kind_o and_o send_v he_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n columb_n near_o the_o city_n of_o sens._n pope_n alexander_n write_v to_o they_o to_o hoveden_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la n._n 30._o etc._n etc._n the_o pope_n write_v to_o king_n hen._n in_o behalf_n of_o thomas_n and_o tell_v hiâ—_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o secular_a and_o ecclesiastic_a power_n and_o right_n and_o advise_v he_o not_o to_o confound_v they_o king_n henry_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o thomas_n the_o archbishop_n and_o tell_v he_o that_o as_o the_o secular_o be_v distinguish_v in_o life_n and_o habit_n from_o clerc_n so_o their_o court_n be_v quite_o different_a that_o therefore_o he_o have_v pervert_v they_o by_o a_o indecent_a order_n and_o usurp_v those_o thing_n which_o belong_v to_o christ_n by_o make_v new_a law_n according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n to_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o church_n and_o poor_a of_o christ_n and_o so_o exhort_v he_o to_o permit_v every_o one_o to_o have_v his_o own_o right_a and_o to_o leave_v ecclesiastical_a matter_n and_o especial_o such_o as_o be_v criminal_a about_o breach_n of_o faith_n or_o oath_n the_o laesione_n fidei_fw-la aut_fw-la juramenti_fw-la the_o cause_n also_o which_o concern_v the_o thing_n and_o possession_n of_o church_n to_o be_v discuss_v by_o ecclesiastic_a person_n because_o it_o neither_o be_v expedient_a nor_o become_v he_o to_o confound_v the_o secular_a and_o ecclesiastic_a government_n regnum_fw-la &_o sacerdotium_fw-la confundere_fw-la non_fw-la adeo_fw-la serenitatem_fw-la tuam_fw-la deceret_fw-la nec_fw-la etiam_fw-la expediret_fw-la he_o also_o write_v to_o 48._o to_o append._n n._n 48._o gilbert_n bishop_n of_o london_n to_o persuade_v the_o king_n to_o be_v kind_a to_o the_o church_n and_o receive_v the_o archbishop_n into_o favour_n the_o bishop_n of_o proposal_n of_o ibidem_fw-la n._n 49._o he_o write_v also_o to_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n to_o incline_v the_o king_n affection_n to_o thomas_n and_o the_o church_n the_o king_n sober_a and_o comply_a answer_n to_o his_o proposal_n london_n take_v to_o his_o assistance_n richard_n bishop_n of_o hereford_n they_o both_o urge_v the_o king_n according_a to_o their_o instruction_n give_v they_o by_o the_o pope_n in_o this_o and_o other_o epistle_n who_o they_o tell_v he_o receive_v his_o correption_n very_o thankful_o and_o with_o great_a temper_n of_o mind_n answer_v every_o thing_n very_o modest_o first_o that_o he_o have_v no_o aversion_n to_o he_o nor_o ever_o think_v of_o any_o such_o thing_n that_o while_o he_o show_v he_o his_o paternal_a grace_n and_o favour_n the_o king_n will_v love_v he_o as_o his_o father_n and_o honour_n and_o cherish_v the_o roman_a church_n as_o his_o mother_n and_o humble_o obey_v his_o holy_a command_n save_v his_o own_o and_o the_o dignity_n of_o his_o kingdom_n that_o if_o at_o any_o time_n he_o have_v be_v deficient_a in_o his_o reverence_n towards_o he_o it_o be_v because_o when_o he_o have_v in_o his_o necessity_n with_o his_o whole_a heart_n mind_n and_o strength_n espouse_v his_o cause_n yet_o afterward_o he_o be_v in_o great_a strait_n his_o holiness_n fail_v he_o and_o to_o every_o petition_n give_v he_o a_o repulse_v he_o say_v he_o will_v hinder_v no_o man_n from_o visit_v your_o holiness_n nor_o as_o yet_o have_v he_o do_v it_o in_o appeal_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a constitution_n of_o his_o kingdom_n he_o affirm_v that_o no_o clerc_n ought_v for_o a_o civil_a cause_n ob_fw-la civilem_fw-la causam_fw-la to_o go_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n before_o he_o have_v by_o his_o authority_n and_o precept_n try_v whether_o he_o can_v obtain_v his_o right_n or_o not_o if_o he_o can_v any_o one_o might_n and_o shall_v appeal_v to_o you_o in_o which_o if_o he_o do_v any_o way_n prejudice_v your_o right_n or_o honour_n he_o will_v amend_v it_o by_o advice_n of_o the_o church_n of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n he_o assert_v he_o never_o expel_v the_o archbishop_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o as_o he_o go_v of_o his_o own_o accord_n so_o he_o may_v free_o return_v again_o to_o his_o church_n when_o he_o please_v on_o condition_n he_o observe_v his_o royal_a dignity_n which_o he_o swear_v to_o observe_v though_o now_o he_o call_v they_o wicked_a and_o unjust_a and_o if_o any_o church_n or_o ecclesiastical_a person_n can_v show_v himself_o grieve_v by_o he_o or_o any_o of_o he_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o make_v satisfaction_n according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o whole_a church_n these_o they_o say_v be_v the_o ibidem_fw-la the_o ibidem_fw-la king_n answer_n and_o beseech_v his_o sublimity_n to_o consider_v what_o issue_n this_o affair_n be_v like_a to_o have_v when_o as_o the_o king_n seem_v much_o to_o justify_v himself_o in_o that_o he_o submit_v in_o all_o thing_n to_o the_o counsel_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o church_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o the_o archbishop_n may_v return_v upon_o the_o condition_n before_o express_v and_o do_v supplicate_v his_o aestimavimus_fw-la his_o excellentiae_fw-la vestrae_fw-la supplicandum_fw-la aestimavimus_fw-la excellency_n to_o act_v mild_o and_o not_o to_o pronounce_v sentence_n of_o interdict_v or_o excommunication_n against_o he_o lest_o he_o shall_v force_v the_o king_n and_o with_o he_o much_o people_n and_o innumerable_a church_n from_o his_o obedience_n the_o arch-bishop_n suffragans_fw-la or_o the_o bishop_n of_o his_o province_n compliance_n province_n append._n n._n 50._o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o province_n of_o canturbury_n write_v to_o the_o archbishop_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n they_o excuse_v he_o and_o exhort_v thomas_n to_o a_o compliance_n write_v to_o he_o they_o do_v hope_v that_o those_o thing_n which_o by_o his_o unexpected_a departure_n and_o by_o the_o newness_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o have_v be_v put_v into_o confusion_n may_v by_o his_o humility_n and_o prudence_n with_o cooperate_a grace_n have_v be_v reduce_v into_o their_o former_a peaceable_a condition_n and_o it_o
to_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v lose_v see_v he_o receive_v yearly_o from_o bordeaux_n 1000_o mark_n the_o archdeacon_n of_o england_n and_o very_o many_o of_o the_o clergy_n meet_v the_o great_a man_n there_o they_o complain_v of_o the_o frequent_a and_o intolerable_a exaction_n of_o the_o pope_n affirm_v to_o the_o king_n affair_n the_o clergy_n complaint_n to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o oppression_n and_o exaction_n of_o the_o pope_n what_o be_v resolve_v in_o this_o affair_n that_o if_o these_o be_v suffer_v his_o kingdom_n will_v be_v endanger_v and_o both_o laity_n and_o clergy_n will_v be_v ruin_v by_o a_o dissolution_n that_o former_a time_n have_v not_o know_v upon_o this_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o discreet_a messenger_n shall_v be_v send_v to_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n with_o letter_n both_o to_o the_o pope_n and_o cardinal_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o community_n of_o the_o whole_a clergy_n and_o laity_n of_o the_o realm_n show_v their_o greivance_n and_o oppression_n the_o pope_n the_o append._n n._n 176._o the_o sum_n of_o their_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n sum_n of_o that_o to_o the_o pope_n be_v a_o profession_n of_o their_o readiness_n to_o obey_v his_o holiness_n but_o desire_v his_o pardon_n if_o they_o can_v not_o then_o comply_v with_o his_o demand_n for_o although_o their_o country_n yield_v plenty_n of_o fruit_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n yet_o it_o afford_v no_o money_n neither_o be_v it_o sufficient_a to_o supply_v what_o be_v require_v for_o their_o own_o king_n necessity_n urge_v what_o they_o can_v spare_v towards_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o own_o dominion_n against_o the_o assault_n of_o his_o enemy_n and_o so_o conclude_v that_o any_o further_a burden_n will_v prove_v insupportable_a to_o they_o their_o letter_n to_o the_o cardinal_n the_o append._n n._n 177._o the_o community_n letter_n to_o the_o cardinal_n cardinal_n be_v to_o this_o effect_n they_o first_o give_v a_o hint_n of_o their_o grievance_n and_o what_o they_o have_v contribute_v since_o the_o last_o lateran_n council_n first_o a_o twenty_o part_n for_o three_o year_n for_o a_o aid_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n then_o a_o ten_o to_o the_o pope_n afterward_o several_a other_o payment_n for_o different_a use_v at_o the_o command_n of_o the_o apostolic_a see_n then_o they_o urge_v the_o great_a necessity_n and_o want_v their_o own_o king_n lay_v under_o who_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o assist_v as_o their_o lord_n and_o temporal_a patron_n and_o that_o they_o themselves_o be_v now_o reduce_v to_o such_o penury_n that_o if_o all_o they_o have_v be_v expose_v to_o sale_n it_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o answer_v what_o be_v demand_v wherefore_o they_o humble_o beseech_v they_o to_o represent_v their_o condition_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o endeavour_v to_o divert_v his_o thought_n his_o hand_n and_o his_o counsel_n from_o such_o grievous_a oppression_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o pope_n 3._o pope_n fol._n 722._o lin_v 3._o grant_v to_o king_n henry_n vmbratile_a privileguim_n a_o please_v a_o because_o he_o cut_v off_o all_o the_o advantage_n with_o a_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la at_o any_o time_n when_o he_o please_v pretend_a and_o deceitful_a privilege_n that_o no_o italian_a or_o nephew_n of_o his_o or_o cardinal_n shall_v henceforward_o be_v send_v into_o england_n to_o be_v benefice_v unless_o he_o or_o his_o cardinal_n first_o ask_v and_o obtain_v leave_n of_o the_o king_n to_o have_v he_o provide_v for_o before_o the_o council_n be_v end_v peter_n of_o foreigner_n of_o ibid._n n._n 10._o the_o king_n ward_n marry_v to_o foreigner_n savoy_n earl_n of_o richmond_n come_v to_o the_o king_n court_n at_o london_n and_o bring_v with_o he_o several_a young_a woman_n from_o his_o own_o country_n to_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o young_a nobleman_n that_o be_v the_o king_n ward_n which_o thing_n much_o disgu_v his_o own_o native_a subject_n this_o year_n prelate_n year_n ibid._n n._n 20_o 30_o 40_o 50._o two_o friar_n minor_n send_v into_o england_n to_o be_v the_o pope_n collector_n their_o arrogant_a behaviour_n to_o the_o english_a prelate_n john_n and_o alexander_n two_o friar_n minor_n englishman_n by_o birth_n be_v send_v from_o the_o pope_n with_o his_o authority_n to_o be_v his_o collector_n or_o exactor_n of_o money_n in_o england_n and_o pretend_v to_o ask_v charity_n only_o and_o use_v no_o force_n they_o obtain_v the_o king_n licence_n and_o then_o go_v to_o the_o chief_a prelate_n and_o very_o saucy_o require_v of_o they_o money_n to_o the_o use_n of_o their_o lord_n the_o pope_n and_o sometime_o demand_v xx_o s_o for_o a_o procuration_n which_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v without_o delay_n if_o not_o they_o produce_v the_o pope_n thunder_a letter_n literas_fw-la fulminantes_fw-la to_o affright_v and_o constrain_v they_o to_o it_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o lincoln_n who_o be_v a_o great_a admirer_n of_o that_o order_n he_o stand_v amaze_v at_o their_o habit_n which_o be_v more_o soldierlike_a than_o religious_a but_o when_o they_o have_v show_v he_o the_o pope_n letter_n alban_n their_o demand_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o lincoln_n and_o abbat_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o demand_v of_o he_o 6000_o mark_n to_o be_v forthwith_o pay_v out_o of_o his_o bishopric_n he_o answer_v with_o great_a grief_n of_o heart_n that_o such_o exaction_n be_v never_o hear_v of_o before_o and_o very_o unjust_a because_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o answer_v they_o and_o see_v it_o concern_v the_o university_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n vniversitatem_fw-la cleri_fw-la &_o populi_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n he_o can_v give_v they_o no_o answer_n in_o such_o a_o difficult_a affair_n until_o he_o have_v first_o consult_v the_o community_n of_o the_o kingdom_n then_o they_o part_v from_o he_o and_o go_v to_o st._n alban_n and_o demand_v of_o the_o abbot_n 400_o mark_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o they_o for_o the_o pope_n use_n but_o they_o receive_v much_o the_o same_o answer_n from_o he_o they_o have_v before_o from_o the_o bishop_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o prelate_n the_o fol._n 723._o lin_v 3._o the_o pope_n send_v to_o borrow_v money_n of_o the_o french_a prelate_n pope_n by_o his_o messenger_n the_o friar_n preacher_n and_o minor_n send_v to_o all_o the_o chief_a prlate_n in_o france_n and_o desire_v they_o to_o lend_v he_o money_n according_a to_o every_o one_o ability_n and_o whatever_o they_o lend_v shall_v be_v repay_v they_o without_o fail_v when_o he_o be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o when_o this_o be_v know_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n he_o prohibit_v they_o under_o pain_n of_o forfeit_v all_o their_o good_n king_n but_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o king_n from_o lend_v any_o such_o sum_n lest_o thereby_o his_o own_o kingdom_n shall_v be_v impoverish_v this_o year_n scotland_n year_n ibid._n n._n 30._o a_o legate_n send_v into_o scotland_n godefrid_n be_v send_v legate_n into_o scotland_n although_o there_o be_v no_o occasion_n for_o any_o and_o john_n rufus_n into_o ireland_n quasi_fw-la legatus_fw-la in_o stead_n of_o a_o legate_n that_o he_o may_v thereby_o elude_v the_o privilege_n late_o grant_v to_o king_n henry_n who_o so_o well_o manage_v his_o master_n the_o pope_n business_n there_o that_o he_o extort_a from_o they_o 6000_o mark_n which_o sum_n be_v convey_v to_o london_n by_o the_o religious_a ireland_n the_o pope_n extortion_n in_o ireland_n and_o pay_v into_o the_o pope_n treasury_n the_o same_o year_n 30._o year_n fol._n 727._o n._n 20_o 30._o king_n henry_n follow_v the_o example_n of_o the_o great_a man_n of_o france_n who_o by_o their_o king_n approbation_n have_v enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n and_o make_v a_o decree_n against_o the_o insatiable_a avarice_n and_o oppression_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n that_o the_o same_o exaction_n and_o extortion_n may_v for_o the_o future_a be_v prevent_v here_o restrain_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o clergy_n restrain_v and_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o spirituality_n restrain_v he_o ordain_v that_o these_o follow_a order_n shall_v inviolable_o be_v observe_v through_o england_n that_o no_o laic_a shall_v bring_v any_o case_n before_o a_o ecclesiastic_a judge_n unless_o it_o concern_v marriage_n or_o testament_n the_o king_n likewise_o give_v the_o bishop_n a_o certain_a form_n to_o proceed_v in_o case_n of_o bastardy_n to_o inquire_v whether_o they_o be_v bear_v before_o or_o after_o marriage_n clerc_n be_v prohibit_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n to_o commence_v any_o action_n for_o tithe_n before_o a_o ecclesiastic_a judge_n and_o that_o write_v by_o which_o they_o be_v to_o proceed_v be_v call_v indicavit_fw-la that_o a_o oath_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o clerc_n to_o discover_v whether_o they_o have_v proceed_v in_o any_o case_n contrary_a to_o the_o king_n prohibition_n whereas_o they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o swear_v but_o before_o a_o ecclesiastic_a judge_n in_o
king_n promise_v in_o good_a faith_n and_o without_o cavil_v to_o observe_v the_o great_a charter_n and_o every_o article_n contain_v in_o it_o and_o the_o same_o which_o his_o father_n king_n john_n have_v swear_v to_o keep_v many_o year_n before_o and_o which_o he_o in_o like_a manner_n have_v swear_v to_o at_o his_o coronation_n 179._o coronation_n append._n n._n 179._o and_o then_o all_o that_o oppose_v violate_a diminish_v or_o change_v the_o liberty_n and_o custom_n contain_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o liberty_n be_v excommunicate_v and_o anathematise_v on_o the_o three_o of_o may_n the_o confirm_v the_o append._n n._n 18â—_n magna_fw-la charta_fw-la solemn_o confirm_v record_n say_v on_o the_o thirteen_o of_o may_n in_o the_o great_a hall_n at_o westminster_n in_o the_o presence_n and_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o king_n richard_z earl_n of_o cornwall_n his_o brother_n the_o earl_n of_o norfolk_n marshal_n of_o england_n the_o earl_n of_o hereford_n the_o earl_n of_o oxford_n the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n and_o other_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o the_o arch-bishop_n and_o bishop_n with_o candle_n light_v in_o their_o hand_n and_o the_o 10._o the_o paris_n f._n 867._o n._n 10._o charter_n which_o king_n john_n grant_v be_v produce_v and_o read_v before_o they_o which_o the_o king_n regranted_a and_o then_o they_o put_v out_o their_o candle_n and_o throw_v they_o down_o smoke_v upon_o the_o ground_n and_o every_o one_o wish_v that_o such_o as_o deserve_v that_o sentence_n may_v so_o stink_v and_o smoke_n in_o hell_n the_o council_n be_v no_o soon_o king_n soon_o ibid._n n._n 30_o 40._o the_o gascoign_n desire_v assistance_n from_o the_o king_n dissolve_v but_o the_o gascoign_n renew_v their_o suit_n to_o the_o king_n for_o assistance_n who_o promise_v to_o come_v to_o they_o in_o person_n with_o considerable_a force_n about_o the_o gascony_n the_o ibid._n f._n 868._o n._n 20._o the_o king_n prepare_v for_o a_o expedition_n into_o gascony_n first_o of_o june_n he_o summon_v all_o his_o military_a tenant_n to_o be_v ready_a with_o their_o horse_n and_o arm_n at_o portsmouth_n eight_o day_n after_o trinity_n sunday_n with_o all_o necessaries_n to_o pass_v the_o sea_n with_o he_o he_o take_v up_o a_o 1000_o ship_n of_o english_a and_o foreign_a merchant_n and_o lay_v wind-bound_a above_o a_o month_n to_o his_o great_a expense_n and_o prejudice_n of_o his_o affair_n beyond_o sea_n 50_o sea_n ibid._n n._n 50_o about_o the_o six_o of_o august_n have_v appoint_v his_o queen_n and_o brother_n richard_n to_o govern_v the_o nation_n in_o his_o absence_n and_o leave_v his_o son_n edward_n under_o their_o care_n he_o set_v sail_n with_o a_o fair_a wind_n and_o on_o the_o 15_o of_o 30._o of_o f._n 870._o n._n 30._o the_o same_o month_n arrive_v at_o bordeaux_n and_o present_o command_v reole_n castle_n to_o be_v besiege_a and_o by_o the_o end_n of_o summer_n the_o king_n have_v there_o have_v f._n 873._o l._n 1._o his_o success_n there_o recover_v all_o his_o castle_n in_o gascony_n by_o composition_n the_o defendant_n often_o send_v to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n for_o relief_n but_o never_o receive_v any_o yet_o the_o king_n not_o dare_v to_o rely_v upon_o the_o gascony_n the_o ibid._n n._n 10_o 20_o 30_o 40._o he_o desire_v a_o league_n and_o friendship_n with_o spain_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n quit_v all_o claim_n to_o gascony_n fidelity_n of_o the_o gascoign_n and_o suspect_v they_o may_v revolt_v to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n send_v the_o bishop_n of_o bath_n and_o john_n mansel_n his_o especial_a clerc_n to_o he_o to_o desire_v a_o league_n and_o friendship_n with_o he_o and_o that_o he_o will_v yield_v to_o marry_v his_o sister_n to_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n prince_n edward_n to_o who_o he_o have_v give_v gascony_n his_o envoy_n dispatch_v this_o affair_n and_o with_o his_o favour_n and_o friendship_n bring_v back_o a_o chart_n seal_v with_o a_o golden_a seal_n by_o which_o he_o quiet_v claim_v whatever_o right_o he_o have_v or_o can_v have_v in_o gascony_n by_o the_o grant_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o richard_z the_o first_o or_o king_n john_n and_o upon_o iâ—hn_n mansel_v persuade_v he_o into_o a_o good_a opinion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n he_o send_v for_o his_o queen_n and_o prince_n edward_n to_o come_v to_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n henry_n leicester_n f._n 879._o n._n 30._o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n offer_v his_o service_n to_o king_n henry_n come_v with_o some_o troop_n of_o his_o own_o and_o offer_v his_o service_n to_o the_o king_n which_o when_o the_o gascoign_n understand_v and_o that_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v reconcile_v to_o he_o by_o degree_n they_o return_v to_o due_a obedience_n and_o the_o king_n have_v some_o thought_n of_o return_v on_o st._n julian_n day_n or_o the_o twenty_o seven_o of_o january_n convene_v january_n f._n 881._o n._n 30._o a._n d._n 1254._o a_o parliament_n convene_v almost_o all_o the_o great_a man_n of_o england_n be_v convene_v and_o there_o come_v to_o that_o parliament_n ad_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la venientes_fw-la on_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n his_o three_o messenger_n from_o gascony_n the_o earl_n marshal_n roger_n bigod_n and_o gilvert_n de_fw-fr segrave_n to_o declare_v his_o desire_n to_o the_o university_n of_o england_n there_o be_v present_a richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n and_o the_o queen_n they_o the_o king_n message_n to_o they_o with_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n except_o those_o with_o the_o king_n the_o message_n deliver_v in_o this_o meeting_n from_o he_o be_v that_o he_o be_v deceive_v in_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o instead_o of_o a_o friend_n he_o have_v find_v a_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o require_v a_o powerful_a assistance_n from_o they_o what_o be_v do_v upon_o this_o message_n best_o appear_v by_o the_o queen_n and_o earl_n richard_n letter_n to_o the_o king_n to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o 50._o the_o fol._n 189._o n._n 50._o additament_n of_o mat._n paris_n king_n the_o sum_n of_o the_o queen_n and_o earl_n richard_n letter_n to_o the_o king_n they_o write_v they_o have_v receive_v his_o letter_n at_o christmas_n before_o and_o that_o they_o summon_v the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o kingdom_n on_o the_o morrow_n after_o st._n hilary_n to_o acquaint_v they_o with_o his_o condition_n and_o that_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n be_v come_v against_o he_o into_o gascony_n and_o because_o of_o the_o shortness_n of_o the_o time_n the_o say_v great_a man_n can_v not_o meet_v at_o that_o day_n they_o call_v the_o same_o together_o at_o westminster_n fifteen_o day_n after_o that_o feast_n i.e._n the_o 27_o of_o january_n that_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n after_o they_o have_v hear_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o come_n together_o offer_v to_o be_v ready_a at_o london_n three_o week_n after_o easter_n to_o march_v from_o thence_o to_o portsmouth_n and_o ship_n themselves_o to_o relieve_v he_o in_o gascony_n if_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n invade_v that_o country_n that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n the_o elect_a of_o winchester_n bishop_n of_o london_n and_o worcester_n promise_v they_o will_v personal_o come_v to_o he_o with_o a_o good_a strength_n that_o the_o other_o bishop_n and_o abbat_n promise_v a_o large_a supply_n in_o money_n at_o last_o earl_n richard_n signify_v to_o he_o in_o the_o same_o letter_n that_o he_o will_v not_o fail_v he_o of_o a_o supply_n answerable_a to_o his_o necessity_n and_o his_o own_o honour_n if_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n do_v arm_n against_o he_o and_o that_o he_o will_v leave_v the_o kingdom_n in_o good_a hand_n by_o advice_n of_o the_o queen_n and_o bring_v she_o and_o the_o prince_n with_o he_o but_o they_o will_v not_o 10._o not_o paris_n hist_o f._n 882._o n._n 10._o believe_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n have_v any_o such_o design_n and_o so_o the_o council_n be_v dissolve_v without_o effect_n fifteen_o man_n fifteen_o ibid._n f._n 887._o lin_v 1._o &_o n._n 10._o the_o king_n renew_v his_o demand_n to_o his_o great_a man_n day_n after_o easter_n the_o great_a man_n be_v call_v again_o to_o london_n when_o the_o king_n upon_o the_o same_o reason_n make_v the_o same_o demand_n and_o receive_v the_o same_o answer_n for_o than_o their_o suspicion_n that_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n have_v no_o design_n against_o king_n henry_n be_v confirm_v by_o simon_n monfort_n earl_n of_o leicester_n who_o be_v just_o come_v to_o they_o from_o beyond_o sea_n notwithstanding_o the_o sea_n the_o ibid._n f._n 889._o n._n 30._o the_o queen_n and_o her_o two_o son_n pass_v over_o sea_n queen_n have_v receive_v order_n from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o contrary_a yet_o she_o with_o her_o two_o son_n edward_n and_o edmund_n and_o her_o uncle_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n ship_v themselves_o
great_a man_n of_o ireland_n and_o therefore_o order_v they_o to_o secure_v the_o peace_n of_o that_o nation_n and_o send_v they_o further_o private_a instruction_n by_o roger_n waspail_n who_o carry_v these_o letter_n to_o who_o he_o command_v they_o to_o give_v credit_n this_o be_v all_o i_o find_v worth_n note_v concern_v ireland_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n who_o appoint_v courageous_a justiciaries_n and_o other_o officer_n by_o who_o industry_n and_o by_o put_v the_o english_a law_n in_o execution_n that_o nation_n be_v keep_v in_o peace_n and_o quiet_a the_o issue_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o edward_n his_o 30._o his_o paris_n f._n 488._o n._n 30._o elder_a son_n by_z queen_n alienor_fw-la of_o provence_n who_o be_v king_n of_o england_n after_o his_o death_n be_v bear_v at_o westminster_n upon_o the_o 16_o of_o june_n 1239._o edmund_z his_o second_o son_n by_o the_o same_o queen_n 20._o queen_n ibid._n f._n 654._o n._n 20._o bear_v january_n 16_o a._n d._n 1245._o in_o the_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o father_n reign_n he_o be_v earl_n of_o lancaster_n leicester_n derby_n and_o campaign_n lord_n of_o monmouth_n and_o steward_n of_o england_n there_o be_v by_o some_o four_o more_o son_n name_v but_o if_o he_o have_v they_o they_o die_v young_a margaret_z his_o 1._o his_o pat._n 36_o hen._n 3._o m._n 1._o elder_a daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n alexander_n the_o second_o a_o child_n of_o nine_o year_n old_a beatrice_z his_o second_o daughter_n so_o name_v of_o her_o grandmother_n beatrice_n countess_n of_o provence_n be_v 20._o be_v paris_n f._n 5â—4_n n._n 20._o bear_v at_o bourdeaux_n in_o gascoigne_n on_o the_o 25_o of_o june_n a._n d._n 1242._o and_o be_v marry_v to_o john_n de_fw-fr dreux_n duke_n of_o britain_n in_o france_n and_o earl_n of_o richmond_n in_o england_n katherine_z the_o three_o daughter_n be_v bear_v 10._o bear_v ibid._n f._n 879._o n._n 10._o at_o london_n on_o st._n katherine_n day_n or_o the_o 25_o of_o november_n a._n d._n 1253._o and_o die_v at_o five_o year_n of_o age._n finis_fw-la the_o appendix_n de_fw-fr sententiis_fw-la judicum_fw-la chartley_n xcix_o vauco_fw-la in_o nomine_fw-la dei_fw-la forma_fw-la progreâ—suâ—_n in_fw-la judicio_fw-la antiquitates_fw-la alaman_n tom_n 2._o fol._n 3._o cum_fw-la resideret_fw-la vnfredus_fw-la vir_fw-la inluster_n rhetia_fw-mi be_v towards_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o alps._n retiarum_fw-la n._n 1_o comes_fw-la incurte_fw-fr ad_fw-la campos_fw-la in_o mallo_n publico_fw-la ad_fw-la universorum_fw-la causas_fw-la audiendas_fw-la vel_fw-la recta_fw-la judicia_fw-la terminanda_fw-la ibique_fw-la veniens_fw-la bomo_fw-la aliquis_fw-la nomine_fw-la hrothelmus_fw-la proclamavit_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o contra_fw-la direâ—tum_fw-la coâ—_n drâ—ctum_n coâ—tra_fw-la drutum_fw-la contra_fw-la droâ—_n gallicâ—_n testimonia_fw-la 〈◊〉_d tâ—sâ—eâ—_n common_a in_o barbâ—rousâ—â—tin_n â—â—tin_z contradrutum_fw-la suum_fw-la mansum_fw-la ei_fw-la tollutum_fw-la fuisset_fw-la quod_fw-la ei_fw-la advenit_fw-la à _fw-la parâ—e_fw-la uxoris_fw-la suâ—_n simul_fw-la &_o flavino_n &_o propriâ—_n suum_fw-la fuisset_fw-la &_o legibus_fw-la suum_fw-la esse_fw-la deberet_fw-la quin_fw-la jam_fw-la de_fw-la tradaviovxoris_fw-la suae_fw-la fuisset_fw-la â—dcircò_fw-la suum_fw-la esse_fw-la deberet_fw-la tum_fw-la prâ—dictus_fw-la comes_fw-la convocatis_fw-la illa_fw-la testimonia_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la ipso_fw-la bâ—go_fw-la erant_fw-la interrogavit_fw-la eos_fw-la per_fw-la ipsum_fw-la fidem_fw-la &_o sacramentum_fw-la quam_fw-la nostro_fw-la domino_fw-la datam_fw-la haberet_fw-la quicquid_fw-la exinde_fw-la scirent_fw-la veritatem_fw-la diâ—eâ—ent_fw-la at_o illi_fw-la dixerunt_fw-la per_fw-la ipsum_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la quod_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la datum_fw-la habemus_fw-la scimus_fw-la quia_fw-la fuit_fw-la quidem_fw-la homo_fw-la nomine_fw-la mado_n qui_fw-la ibi_fw-la habuit_fw-la suum_fw-la solum_fw-la proprium_fw-la cujus_fw-la conâ—inium_fw-la nos_fw-la sciâ—us_fw-la quiâ—_n adjacet_fw-la &_o confineâ—â—d_fw-la ipsâ—m_fw-la mansom_n unde_fw-la iste_fw-la proclamat_fw-la in_o quâ—_n illi_fw-la arbore_fw-la durem_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr uno_fw-la lâ—tâ—re_fw-la aquâ—_fw-la câ—ngâ—t_fw-la &_o inter_fw-la eos_fw-la terminum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o petrâ—s_n &_o in_o arboris_fw-la ipse_fw-la est_fw-la dominus_fw-la nam_fw-la sicut_fw-la illa_fw-la â—dificiâ—_n dâ—sursum_fw-la conjungâ—nt_fw-la istorum_fw-la hominum_fw-la proprium_fw-la est_fw-la &_o illorum_fw-la legibus_fw-la esse_fw-la debet_fw-la de_fw-la parâ—e_fw-la avii_fw-la illorum_fw-la quinti_fw-la tunc_fw-la praedictus_fw-la comes_fw-la jussit_fw-la ut_fw-la ipsa_fw-la testimonia_fw-la suprâ—_n irent_fw-la &_o ipsos_fw-la terminos_fw-la ostenderent_fw-la quod_fw-la dâ—ebant_fw-la quod_fw-la 〈…〉_o feâ—erunt_fw-la &_o ipsos_fw-la terminos_fw-la firmaverunt_fw-la qui_fw-la inter_fw-la illa_fw-la dâ—_n mansaâ—ernebant_fw-la â—ernebant_z sed_fw-la &_o pluâ—imi_fw-la ibidem_fw-la adfuerunt_fw-la nobiles_fw-la quos_fw-la ipse_fw-la comes_fw-la cum_fw-la â—s_n direâ—erat_fw-la quod_fw-la &_o omne_fw-la pleniter_fw-la factum_fw-la fuit_fw-la ut_fw-la autem_fw-la haec_fw-la â—iâ—ita_fw-la â—unt_fw-la interrogavit_fw-la ipse_fw-la comes_fw-la illâ—s_fw-la scabinios_n quid_fw-la illi_fw-la de_fw-la hâc_fw-la causâ_fw-la judicare_fw-la voluissent_fw-la at_o illi_fw-la dixerunt_fw-la secundum_fw-la istorum_fw-la hominum_fw-la testimonium_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la vestram_fw-la inquisitionem_fw-la judicamus_fw-la ut_fw-la sicut_fw-la davisum_fw-la &_o finitum_fw-la est_fw-la &_o terminis_fw-la positâ—s_fw-la inter_fw-la ipsos_fw-la mansos_n ut_fw-la isti_fw-la homines_fw-la illorum_fw-la proprium_fw-la habeant_fw-la absque_fw-la ulliâ—_n contradictione_n in_o perpetuum_fw-la &_o quoth_v in_o dominico_n dictum_fw-la &_o terminâ—_n divisum_fw-la coram_fw-la testibus_fw-la fuit_fw-la reâ—eptum_fw-la sit_fw-la ad_fw-la partem_fw-la domini_fw-la nostri_fw-la proptereâ—_n opporâ—num_fw-la fuit_fw-la hrothelmo_n &_o flavino_n cum_fw-la hieredibus_fw-la eorum_fw-la ut_fw-la exinde_fw-la ab_fw-la ipso_fw-la comite_fw-la vel_fw-la scabinis_fw-la tale_n scriptum_n acciperent_fw-la about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 807._o in_o the_o reign_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a qualiter_fw-la in_o postmodum_fw-la ipsom_n mansom_n absque_fw-la ullius_fw-la contrarietate_fw-la omni_fw-la tempore_fw-la valeant_fw-la possidere_fw-la actum_fw-la curte_n ad_fw-la campos_fw-la mallo_n publico_fw-la anno_fw-la 7_o imperii_fw-la caroli_n augusti_fw-la &_o 37_o regni_fw-la ejus_fw-la in_o franciâ_fw-la &_o 34_o in_o italiâ_fw-la datum_n vii_o id_fw-la feb._n sub_fw-la umfredo_n comite_fw-la faeliciter_fw-la amen_n haec_fw-la nomina_fw-la testum_fw-la valeriano_n burgolfo_n vrsone_n stefano_n majorino_n valerio_n leontio_n victore_fw-la maurestone_n frontiano_n florentio_n stipfone_n valentiano_n quintello_n stradario_n et_fw-la haec_fw-la nomina_fw-la scabiniorum_fw-la flavino_n orsicino_n odmaro_n alexandro_n eusebio_n maurentio_n quam_fw-la etiam_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la plurimis_fw-la ego_fw-la itaque_fw-la vauco_fw-la rogitus_fw-la scripsi_fw-la &_o subscripsi_fw-la all_o old_a judgement_n process_n and_o chart_n be_v drawâ—_n up_o in_o barbarous_a provincial_n latin_a without_o congruity_n syntax_n propriety_n or_o elegancy_n the_o process_n and_o judgement_n be_v thus_o english_v n._n 1_o in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n when_o humphrey_n the_o illustrious_a person_n earl_n of_o rhaetia_n in_o his_o pavilion_n in_o the_o field_n in_o a_o public_a mall_n or_o court_n sit_v to_o hear_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o man_n or_o to_o determine_v according_a to_o right_a judgement_n there_o come_v a_o certain_a man_n call_v hrothelm_v and_o complain_v that_o against_o his_o right_n he_o have_v a_o house_n or_o farm_n take_v from_o he_o which_o come_v to_o he_o by_o his_o wife_n and_o flavino_n and_o be_v proper_o his_o own_o and_o by_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v his_o because_o he_o have_v it_o by_o livery_n or_o delivery_n of_o his_o wife_n therefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v he_o then_o the_o foresay_a earl_n calling_z witness_n or_o witness_n or_o juror_n be_v the_o same_o in_o the_o old_a feudal_n german_n law_n juror_n that_o be_v of_o the_o very_a country_n or_o vicinage_n he_o ask_v they_o by_o the_o faith_n and_o oath_n they_o have_v make_v to_o our_o lord_n that_o whatever_o they_o know_v of_o this_o matter_n they_o shall_v speak_v the_o truth_n they_o say_v by_o the_o very_a this_o oath_n be_v make_v to_o the_o emperor_n who_o be_v here_o mean_v by_o dominus_fw-la noster_fw-la oath_n we_o have_v give_v to_o our_o lord_n we_o know_v because_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a man_n call_v mado_n who_o have_v there_o his_o proper_a soil_n the_o bound_n whereof_o we_o know_v because_o it_o adjoin_v and_o lie_v next_o to_o the_o very_a house_n or_o farm_n claim_v upon_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a tree_n and_o one_o side_n be_v compass_v with_o water_n and_o between_o they_o be_v a_o boundary_a of_o stone_n and_o tree_n that_o be_v hrotheâ—m_n he_o be_v the_o master_n lord_n owner_n or_o proprietor_n of_o it_o for_o as_o those_o building_n be_v join_v above_o they_o be_v the_o propriety_n of_o those_o man_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v they_o by_o the_o law_n in_o right_a of_o their_o grandfather_n quintus_fw-la then_o the_o foresay_a earl_n command_v that_o the_o witness_n or_o juror_n shall_v go_v upon_o the_o place_n and_o show_v the_o bound_n they_o mention_v which_o they_o do_v and_o fix_v the_o bound_n which_o they_o see_v between_o the_o two_o house_n or_o farm_n and_o there_o be_v many_o nobleman_n there_o present_a who_o the_o earl_n direct_v to_o
capiemus_fw-la bosoum_fw-la alienum_fw-la ad_fw-la castra_fw-la vel_fw-la agenda_fw-la nostra_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la ill_a we_o cujus_fw-la boscus_fw-la ille_fw-la fuerit_fw-la no_o proper_a cart_n of_o any_o ecclesiastic_a person_n or_o knight_n or_o lady_n shall_v be_v take_v by_o our_o officer_n neither_o shall_v we_o or_o our_o officer_n or_o other_o take_v any_o other_o man_n timber_n or_o wood_n for_o our_o castle_n or_o other_o use_n unless_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o owner_n xl._n nos_fw-la autem_fw-la non_fw-la tenebimus_fw-la terras_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la convicti_fw-la fuerint_fw-la de_fw-la felonia_n nisi_fw-la per_fw-la unum_fw-la annum_fw-la &_o unum_fw-la diem_fw-la &_o tunc_fw-la reddantur_fw-la terrae_fw-la dominis_n feudorum_fw-la we_o will_v hold_v the_o land_n of_o those_o which_o be_v convict_v of_o felony_n but_o one_o year_n and_o one_o day_n and_o then_o they_o shall_v be_v render_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n xli_o omnes_fw-la kidelli_n de_fw-la caetero_fw-la deponantur_fw-la penitùs_fw-la per_fw-la tamisiam_fw-la &_o per_fw-la medewisiam_fw-la &_o per_fw-la totam_fw-la angliam_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la costam_fw-la maris_fw-la all_o wear_v for_o the_o future_a shall_v be_v destroy_v in_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n and_o medwey_n and_o through_o all_o england_n unless_o upon_o the_o sea-coast_n xlii_o breve_fw-la quod_fw-la voco_fw-la praecipe_fw-la de_fw-la caetero_fw-la non_fw-la fiat_fw-la alicui_fw-la de_fw-la aliquo_fw-la tenemento_fw-it unde_fw-la libre_fw-la hâ—mo_fw-la perdat_fw-la causam_fw-la svam_fw-la the_o writ_n which_o be_v call_v praecipe_fw-la for_o the_o future_a shall_v not_o be_v grant_v to_o any_o one_o of_o any_o tenement_n whereby_o a_o freeman_n may_v lose_v his_o cause_n or_o rather_o his_o court_n vnde_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la possit_fw-la amittere_fw-la this_o writ_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v such_o as_o will_v take_v the_o cause_n or_o trial_n of_o right_n out_o of_o the_o lord_n court_n where_o all_o title_n of_o right_n be_v ancient_o try_v and_o this_o libre_fw-la homo_fw-la be_v a_o lord_n of_o a_o manner_n that_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o lose_v his_o court_n by_o this_o writ_n by_o have_v trial_n of_o right_o take_v from_o it_o curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la in_o mss._n collegii_fw-la corp._n christi_fw-la cantab._n xliii_o una_fw-la mensura_fw-la vini_fw-la &_o cervisiae_fw-la sit_fw-la per_fw-la totum_fw-la regnum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la &_o una_fw-la mensura_fw-la bladi_fw-la scilicet_fw-la quarterium_fw-la londinense_n et_fw-la una_fw-la latitudo_fw-la pannorum_fw-la tinctorum_fw-la &_o russeccorum_fw-la &_o haubergetorum_fw-la scilicet_fw-la dvae_fw-la ulnae_fw-la infra_fw-la listas_fw-la de_fw-fr ponderibus_fw-la vero_fw-la sit_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la mensuris_fw-la there_o shall_v be_v one_o measure_n of_o wine_n and_o ale_n through_o our_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o one_o measure_n of_o grain_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o london-quarter_n and_o one_o breadth_n of_o dyed_n clothes_n and_o russet_n and_o haberject_n that_o be_v to_o say_v two_o ell_n within_o the_o list_n and_o the_o weight_n shall_v be_v as_o the_o measure_n xliv_o nihil_fw-la detur_fw-la in_o the_o same_o manuscript_n vel_fw-la capiatur_fw-la de_fw-la cetero_fw-la pro_fw-la brevi_fw-la inquisitionis_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la qui_fw-la inquisitionem_fw-la petit_fw-la de_fw-la vita_fw-la vel_fw-la membris_fw-la sed_fw-la gratis_o concedatur_fw-la &_o non_fw-la negetur_fw-la nothing_o shall_v be_v give_v or_o take_v for_o the_o future_a for_o a_o writ_n of_o inquisition_n from_o he_o that_o desire_v a_o inquisition_n of_o life_n or_o limb_n but_o it_o shall_v be_v grant_v gratis_o and_o not_o deny_v xlv_o si_fw-mi aliquis_fw-la teneat_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la per_fw-la feudi_fw-la firmam_fw-la vel_fw-la socagium_fw-la vel_fw-la bungagium_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr alio_fw-la teneat_fw-la terram_fw-la per_fw-la servitium_fw-la militis_fw-la nos_fw-la non_fw-la habebimus_fw-la custodiam_fw-la haeredis_fw-la vel_fw-la terrae_fw-la suae_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-la feudo_fw-la alterius_fw-la occasione_n illius_fw-la feudi_fw-la firmae_fw-la vel_fw-la socagii_fw-la vel_fw-la burgagii_fw-la nec_fw-la habebimus_fw-la custodiam_fw-la illius_fw-la feudi_fw-la firmae_fw-la vel_fw-la socagii_fw-la vel_fw-la burgagii_fw-la nisi_fw-la ipsa_fw-la feudi_fw-la firma_fw-la debeat_fw-la servitium_fw-la militare_fw-la if_o any_o one_o hold_v of_o we_o by_o or_o in_o fee-farm_n soccage_n or_o burgage_n and_o hold_v land_n of_o another_o by_o military_a service_n we_o will_v not_o have_v the_o wardship_n of_o the_o heir_n or_o land_n which_o be_v of_o or_o belong_v to_o another_o man_n fee_n by_o reason_n of_o what_o he_o hold_v of_o we_o in_o fee-farm_n soccage_n or_o burgage_n nor_o will_v we_o have_v the_o wardship_n or_o custody_n of_o that_o fee-farm_n soccage_n or_o burgage_n unless_o the_o fee-farm_n be_v bind_v to_o perform_v military_a service_n xlvi_o nos_fw-la non_fw-la tenebimus_fw-la custodiam_fw-la haeredis_fw-la vel_fw-la terrae_fw-la alicujus_fw-la quam_fw-la tenet_fw-la de_fw-la alio_fw-la per_fw-la servitium_fw-la militare_fw-la occasione_n alicujus_fw-la parvae_fw-la serganteriae_fw-la quam_fw-la tenet_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la per_fw-la servitium_fw-la reddendi_fw-la cultellos_fw-la vel_fw-la sagittas_fw-la vel_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la we_o will_v not_o hold_v the_o wardship_n of_o a_o heir_n or_o any_o land_n which_o he_o hold_v of_o another_o by_o military_a service_n by_o reason_n of_o any_o petit_fw-la or_o small_a serjeanty_n he_o hold_v of_o we_o by_o the_o service_n of_o give_v we_o dagger_n or_o arrow_n or_o the_o like_o xlvii_o nullus_fw-la ballivus_fw-la ponat_fw-la aliquom_fw-la de_fw-la caetero_fw-la ad_fw-la legem_fw-la nec_fw-la â—d_a juramentum_fw-la simplici_fw-la loquela_fw-la sva_fw-la sine_fw-la testibus_fw-la fidelibus_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la inductis_fw-la no_o bailiff_n or_o officer_n for_o the_o future_a shall_v bring_v any_o man_n under_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o law_n nor_o to_o his_o oath_n i._n e._n purgation_n or_o canonical_a purgation_n by_o his_o oath_n upon_o his_o single_a accusation_n or_o testimony_n without_o credible_a and_o honest_a witness_n produce_v to_o prove_v it_o xlviii_o nullus_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la capiatur_fw-la vel_fw-la imprisonetur_fw-la aut_fw-la disseisietur_fw-la de_fw-la aliquo_fw-la libero_fw-la tenemento_fw-it svo_fw-la vel_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la vel_fw-la liberis_fw-la consuetudinibus_fw-la suis_fw-la aut_fw-la utlagetur_fw-la aut_fw-la exulet_fw-la aut_fw-la aliquo_fw-la alio_fw-la modo_fw-la q._n whether_o not_o destruatur_fw-la destituatur_fw-la nec_fw-la super_fw-la eum_fw-la ibimus_fw-la nec_fw-la eum_fw-la in_o carcere_fw-la mittemus_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la suorum_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o imprison_v or_o disseise_v of_o his_o free_a tenement_n or_o liberty_n or_o free_a custom_n or_o outlawed_n or_o banish_v or_o any_o way_n destroy_v nor_o will_v we_o pass_v upon_o he_o or_o commit_v he_o to_o prison_n unless_o by_o the_o legal_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n i._n e._n by_o legal_a process_n etc._n etc._n xlix_o nulli_fw-la vendemus_fw-la nulli_fw-la negabimus_fw-la aut_fw-la differemus_fw-la rectum_fw-la vel_fw-la justitiam_fw-la we_o will_v not_o sell_v to_o any_o man_n we_o will_v not_o deny_v any_o man_n or_o delay_v right_o or_o justice_n l._n omnes_fw-la mercatores_fw-la nisi_fw-la publicae_fw-la prohibiti_fw-la fuerint_fw-la habeant_fw-la salvum_fw-la &_o securum_fw-la there_o want_v the_o word_n conductum_fw-la exire_fw-la de_fw-fr anglia_fw-it &_o venire_fw-la in_o angliam_fw-la &_o morari_fw-la &_o ire_n tam_fw-la per_fw-la terram_fw-la quam_fw-la per_fw-la aquam_fw-la ad_fw-la emendum_fw-la vel_fw-la vendendum_fw-la sine_fw-la omnibus_fw-la toltis_fw-la malis_fw-la per_fw-la antiquas_fw-la &_o rectas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la praeterquam_fw-la in_o tempore_fw-la werrae_fw-la &_o si_fw-la sint_fw-la de_fw-fr terra_fw-la contra_fw-la nos_fw-la werrina_fw-la all_o merchant_n unless_o they_o be_v public_o prohibit_v shall_v have_v safe_a and_o secure_a conduct_n to_o go_v out_o of_o and_o come_v into_o england_n and_o to_o stay_v there_o and_o pass_v as_o well_o by_o land_n as_o by_o water_n to_o buy_v and_o sell_v by_o the_o ancient_a and_o allow_v custom_n only_o without_o any_o male-tolts_a i._n e._n illegal_a exaction_n except_o in_o time_n of_o war_n or_o when_o they_o shall_v be_v of_o any_o nation_n in_o war_n with_o we_o li._n et_fw-la si_fw-la tale_n inveniantur_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la nostra_fw-la in_o principio_fw-la warrae_n attachientur_fw-la sine_fw-la damno_fw-la corporum_fw-la vel_fw-la rerum_fw-la donec_fw-la sciatur_fw-la à _fw-la nobis_fw-la vel_fw-la à _fw-la capitali_fw-la justitiario_n nostro_fw-la quomodo_fw-la mercatores_fw-la terrae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la tractentur_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la contra_fw-la nos_fw-la werrina_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la nostri_fw-la salui_fw-la sint_fw-la ibi_fw-la alii_fw-la salui_fw-la sint_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la nostra_fw-la and_o if_o there_o be_v find_v such_o merchant_n in_o our_o land_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o war_n they_o shall_v be_v attach_v or_o secure_v without_o damage_n to_o their_o body_n or_o good_n while_o it_o may_v be_v know_v from_o we_o or_o our_o chief_a justiciary_a how_o our_o merchant_n be_v deal_v with_o in_o that_o nation_n in_o war_n with_o we_o and_o if_o we_o be_v safe_a there_o they_o shall_v be_v safe_a in_o our_o land_n lii_o liceat_fw-la unicuique_fw-la de_fw-la
pass_v but_o with_o his_o consent_n and_o advise_v that_o be_v nothing_o can_v be_v seal_v without_o his_o allowance_n or_o privity_n as_o it_o there_o appear_v but_o the_o justiciary_a surmount_v he_o and_o all_o other_o in_o his_o authority_n and_o he_o 331._o he_o spelm._n gloss_n f._n l._n 331._o alone_o be_v endow_v with_o and_o exercise_v all_o the_o power_n which_o afterward_o be_v execute_v by_o the_o four_o chief_a judge_n that_o be_v the_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n the_o chief_a justice_n of_o common-plea_n 1234._o steph._n segrave_n mat._n paris_n a._n d._n 1234._o chief_a baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n as_o sir_n ibidem_fw-la sir_n ibidem_fw-la henry_n spelman_n make_v it_o out_o by_o the_o article_n exhibit_v against_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgo_n there_o cite_v out_o of_o mat._n 50._o mat._n fol._n 376._o n._n 30_o 40_o 50._o paris_n and_o other_o instance_n sup_n instance_n spâ—lm_n gloss_n ut_fw-la sup_n the_o baron_n by_o right_a of_o dignity_n in_o all_o case_n many_o other_o by_o right_a of_o tenure_n and_o most_o by_o privilege_n grant_v by_o chartre_n be_v not_o to_o be_v implead_v for_o their_o land_n and_o tenement_n but_o before_o the_o king_n or_o his_o capital_a justiciary_a some_o remain_v there_o be_v to_o this_o day_n kings-bench_n there_o remain_v somewhat_o of_o the_o office_n of_o the_o old_a justiciary_a in_o the_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n of_o this_o great_a office_n in_o the_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n all_o england_n as_o to_o keep_v the_o king_n peace_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o some_o other_o matter_n be_v under_o his_o jurisdiction_n and_o therefore_o be_v style_v chief_a justice_n of_o england_n this_o great_a officer_n have_v his_o original_a from_o 332_o from_o spelm._n gloss_n fol._n 332_o normandy_n and_o be_v the_o same_o in_o power_n and_o office_n with_o the_o ancient_a ancient_a from_o the_o teutonick_n 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such_o estate_n be_v secure_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o they_o 1037_o see_v grand_fw-fr custom_n throughout_o and_o scriptor_n norm_a 1037_o but_o from_o normandy_n and_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o conqueror_n we_o receive_v most_o if_o not_o all_o our_o ancient_a tenor_n and_o manner_n of_o hold_v and_o enjoy_v our_o land_n and_o estate_n as_o will_v appear_v by_o compare_v our_o ancient_a tenor_n with_o they_o first_o concern_v fee_n the_o learned_a conqueror_n learned_a gloss_n fol._n 218._o col_fw-fr 1_o the_o servitude_n of_o fee_n bring_v in_o by_o the_o conqueror_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n tell_v we_o william_n the_o conqueror_n bring_v over_o the_o servitude_n of_o they_o into_o england_n who_o divide_v all_o england_n among_o his_o great_a man_n and_o chief_a commander_n and_o this_o he_o say_v appear_v from_o give_v from_o see_v append._n n._n â—0_n where_o be_v the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o norman_n in_o every_o county_n to_o who_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n 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officium_fw-la quo_fw-la verbo_fw-la demonstratur_fw-la feudale_n officium_fw-la non_fw-la nisi_fw-la militare_fw-la &_o bellicum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la and_o so_o b_o so_o dudo_fw-la ut_fw-la supra_fw-la f._n 85._o a._n b_o rollo_n upon_o his_o acquest_n of_o normandy_n after_o have_v give_v a_o portion_n to_o the_o church_n divide_v normandy_n and_o measure_v it_o out_o to_o his_o chieftain_n and_o and_o time_n a_o sort_n of_o bondman_n or_o servi_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n not_o but_o there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o bondman_n or_o villain_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n they_o have_v their_o ceorl_n or_o gubures_n their_o rustic_n ploughman_n and_o servi_n but_o here_o he_o speak_v to_o and_o mean_v the_o manner_n of_o servitude_n which_o come_v from_o normandy_n vassal_n b._n vassal_n ib._n f._n 86._o b._n and_o in_o his_o old_a age_n he_o call_v they_o together_o and_o cause_v they_o to_o put_v their_o hand_n between_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o son_n william_n military_a fee_n original_o military_a by_o popa_n to_o who_o he_o have_v give_v his_o country_n and_o bind_v they_o to_o he_o by_o oath_n or_o procure_v they_o to_o swear_v fealty_n to_o he_o 1620._o he_o f._n 1._o print_v at_o râ—ven_n 1620._o mounsieur_fw-fr berault_n upon_o the_o custom_n of_o normandy_n say_v the_o origin_n and_o antiquity_n of_o their_o custom_n be_v not_o certain_a but_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a they_o be_v the_o law_n of_o the_o norman_n that_o conquer_a neustria_n english_a the_o conqueror_n give_v norman_a law_n to_o the_o english_a and_o establish_v there_o by_o they_o and_o that_o by_o the_o example_n of_o rollo_n william_n the_o conqueror_n give_v the_o law_n of_o normandy_n in_o the_o norman_a language_n to_o the_o vanquish_a english_a ibidem_fw-la english_a ibidem_fw-la yet_o in_o the_o preface_n to_o the_o chapter_n of_o fief_n he_o report_v from_o coquill_n upon_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o nevernois_n and_o du_n hailan_n that_o they_o be_v first_o hear_v of_o in_o gallia_n when_o the_o franc_n
spiritual_a cause_n also_o concern_v clerc_n for_o crime_n impose_v upon_o they_o by_o laic_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o lent_n the_o forementioned_a collector_n forementioned_a fol._n 728._o n._n 20_o 30_o 40_o 50._o the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n cite_v to_o london_n by_o the_o pope_n collector_n john_n a_o minorite_n demand_v of_o the_o church_n of_o st._n alban_n 400_o mark_n the_o second_o time_n and_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o authority_n cite_v the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n to_o appear_v at_o london_n three_o day_n after_o either_o in_o person_n or_o by_o his_o proxy_n to_o satisfy_v the_o pope_n demand_n that_o be_v late_o make_v to_o he_o the_o abbot_n send_v his_o archdeacon_n to_o appear_v for_o he_o at_o the_o day_n appoint_v pope_n he_o appeal_v to_o the_o pope_n who_o after_o he_o have_v demand_v and_o with_o difficulty_n obtain_v a_o copy_n of_o the_o brief_a answer_v that_o the_o abbot_n design_v to_o send_v special_a messenger_n to_o rome_n to_o acquaint_v the_o pope_n with_o these_o grievance_n and_o for_o remedy_n appeal_v to_o he_o because_o remedy_n because_o fol._n 729._o n._n 30_o 40_o 50._o but_o without_o remedy_n both_o the_o abbot_n and_o convent_n think_v they_o shall_v meet_v with_o more_o favour_n from_o the_o pope_n than_o they_o can_v expect_v from_o he_o when_o they_o come_v to_o lion_n where_o the_o pope_n then_o reside_v they_o be_v cold_o receive_v and_o meet_v with_o great_a difficulty_n and_o some_o check_n namely_o that_o they_o do_v not_o give_v that_o respect_n and_o pay_v that_o reverence_n which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o pope_n messenger_n and_o that_o their_o abbot_n be_v the_o only_a person_n among_o all_o the_o abbat_n of_o england_n that_o refuse_v to_o yield_v obedience_n to_o his_o command_n when_o they_o see_v their_o entertainment_n and_o no_o remedy_n to_o be_v expect_v they_o compound_v for_o 200_o mark_n and_o their_o expense_n amount_v to_o 100_o more_o power_n friar_n john_n write_v to_o the_o pope_n for_o additional_a power_n when_o friar_n john_n the_o minorite_n see_v the_o clergy_n especial_o the_o abbat_n so_o unwilling_a to_o yield_v to_o his_o demand_n he_o write_v to_o the_o pope_n to_o have_v his_o power_n enlarge_v the_o pope_n answer_n together_o with_o the_o letter_n of_o additional_a power_n be_v in_o additament_n matt._n par._n fol._n 159_o 160._o about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o king_n find_v the_o oxford_n the_o fol._n 730._o lin_v 6._o the_o nobility_n and_o clergy_n meet_v the_o king_n at_o oxford_n state_n of_o his_o realm_n endanger_v and_o much_o impoverish_v by_o papal_a exaction_n and_o the_o money_n carry_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n without_o any_o advantage_n to_o the_o church_n he_o command_v the_o whole_a nobility_n of_o the_o kingdom_n omnem_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la nobilitatem_fw-la to_o meet_v at_o oxford_n but_o the_o prelate_n be_v in_o a_o more_o especial_a manner_n call_v that_o they_o may_v consult_v how_o the_o church_n may_v be_v relieve_v from_o such_o oppression_n as_o it_o now_o lay_v under_o but_o they_o contrary_a to_o all_o expectation_n present_o consent_v to_o a_o contribution_n of_o 11000_o mark_n pope_n the_o prelate_n consent_n to_o contribute_v 11000_o mark_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o clergy_n be_v constrain_v to_o pay_v it_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o norwich_n and_o such_o as_o refuse_v be_v weary_v into_o a_o compliance_n by_o the_o trouble_n and_o damage_n they_o receive_v from_o john_n the_o minorite_n nor_o do_v the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n fare_v the_o better_a for_o that_o he_o have_v send_v the_o pope_n fourscore_o mark_n the_o year_n before_o in_o the_o year_n 1248._o king_n henry_n 30._o henry_n fol._n 742._o n._n 30._o keep_v his_o christmas_n at_o winchester_n with_o many_o of_o his_o great_a man_n 1248._o a._n d._n 1248._o soon_o after_o london_n after_o fol._n 743._o n._n 40_o 50._o a_o parliament_n call_v at_o london_n he_o summon_v the_o nobility_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o england_n to_o meet_v he_o at_o london_n eight_o day_n after_o candlemass_n beside_o a_o great_a number_n of_o baron_n knight_n noblemen_z abbat_n prior_n and_o clerc_n there_o come_v thither_o nine_o bishop_n and_o as_o many_o earl_n the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n lincoln_n norwich_n worcester_n chichester_n ely_n rochester_n and_o carlisle_n earl_n richard_n the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n leycester_n winchester_n hertford_n roger_n bigod_n marshal_n and_z oxford_z beside_o the_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n ferrars_n warren_n and_o richmond_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n be_v beyond_o sea_n the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n be_v infirm_a and_o the_o bishop_n of_o bath_n be_v late_o dead_a when_o they_o be_v assemble_v the_o king_n require_v of_o they_o a_o aid_n but_o they_o miscarriage_n they_o fol._n 744._o line_n 1._o the_o king_n require_v a_o aid_n but_o be_v deny_v and_o be_v reprove_v by_o his_o great_a man_n for_o miscarriage_n reprove_v he_o for_o ask_v it_o without_o blush_v as_o say_v the_o monk_n see_v when_o they_o grant_v the_o last_o he_o promise_v by_o his_o chart_n he_o will_v not_o any_o more_o burden_n his_o great_a man_n moreover_o they_o blame_v he_o for_o his_o repeat_v kindness_n and_o liberality_n to_o foreigner_n and_o contempt_n of_o his_o native_a subject_n for_o not_o encourage_v the_o trade_n of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n 20.30_o kingdom_n ibid._n n._n 20.30_o for_o keep_v bishopric_n and_o abbey_n void_a in_o his_o own_o hand_n to_o these_o they_o add_v that_o neither_o the_o justiciary_a chancellor_n or_o treasurer_n be_v make_v by_o the_o common_a counsel_n of_o the_o kingdom_n per_fw-la commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la as_o they_o time_n they_o there_o be_v no_o instance_n to_o be_v find_v of_o that_o in_o his_o predecessor_n time_n be_v in_o his_o predecessor_n reign_v when_o the_o king_n hear_v these_o thing_n amiss_o thing_n ibid._n n._n 40._o his_o concern_n and_o promise_v to_o correct_v what_o be_v amiss_o he_o be_v much_o concern_v and_o promise_v that_o what_o be_v amiss_o shall_v be_v speedy_o correct_v to_o which_o the_o university_n of_o england_n answer_v that_o as_o they_o have_v often_o so_o they_o will_v now_o patient_o wait_v a_o short_a time_n and_o see_v whether_o he_o mean_v as_o he_o speak_v and_o according_a as_o he_o perform_v his_o promise_n so_o they_o will_v their_o obedience_n to_o he_o in_o all_o thing_n so_o the_o further_a consideration_n of_o this_o affair_n be_v put_v off_o till_o fifteen_o day_n after_o midsummer_n at_o the_o day_n 50._o day_n fol._n 748._o n._n 30_o 40_o 50._o appoint_v receive_v the_o answer_n he_o receive_v the_o nobility_n of_o all_o england_n nobilitas_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la meet_v at_o london_n and_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o king_n with_o this_o follow_a speech_n that_o they_o do_v not_o treat_v their_o king_n civil_o but_o will_v have_v he_o submit_v to_o their_o pleasure_n and_o yield_v to_o any_o term_n they_o shall_v offer_v he_o and_o do_v deny_v that_o liberty_n and_o authority_n to_o he_o which_o every_o master_n exercise_n in_o his_o own_o family_n every_o master_n of_o a_o family_n may_v use_v who_o and_o what_o counsel_n he_o please_v parliament_n the_o king_n speech_n to_o the_o parliament_n and_o may_v put_v in_o and_o put_v out_o what_o officer_n he_o please_v in_o his_o own_o house_n which_o you_o deny_v to_o your_o king_n and_o as_o servant_n ought_v not_o to_o judge_n or_o impose_v any_o difficulty_n upon_o their_o lord_n so_o neither_o vassal_n on_o their_o prince_n and_o therefore_o be_v resolve_v neither_o to_o remove_v the_o chancellor_n justiciary_a or_o treasurer_n at_o their_o pleasure_n nor_o to_o appoint_v other_o and_o then_o add_v that_o he_o expect_v from_o they_o a_o pecuniary_a aid_n for_o the_o defence_n and_o recovery_n of_o his_o right_n which_o concern_v they_o beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o all_o which_o they_o unanimous_o reply_v that_o they_o will_v no_o long_o impoverish_v themselves_o to_o enrich_v stranger_n aid_n their_o answer_n and_o resolve_v against_o grant_v any_o aid_n as_o they_o have_v former_o do_v when_o they_o give_v money_n towards_o his_o expedition_n in_o gascoigny_n and_o poictou_n so_o the_o parliament_n be_v dissolve_v in_o great_a disorder_n without_o any_o satisfaction_n either_o to_o the_o king_n or_o themselves_o but_o the_o king_n be_v hereby_o strait_n hereby_o fol._n 749._o lin_v 1._o the_o king_n reduce_v to_o great_a strait_n reduce_v to_o so_o great_a necessity_n that_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o expose_v to_o sale_n his_o jewel_n plate_n and_o other_o utensil_n of_o his_o house_n and_o such_o vessel_n as_o be_v curious_o wrought_v and_o gild_a be_v sell_v not_o according_a to_o their_o value_n but_o weight_n when_o the_o king_n inquire_v where_o he_o shall_v meet_v with_o buyer_n it_o be_v answer_v at_o london_n the_o king_n reply_v