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A53949 The apostate Protestant a letter to a friend, occasioned by the late reprinting of a Jesuites book about succession to the crown of England, pretended to have been written by R. Doleman. Pelling, Edward, d. 1718.; L'Estrange, Roger, Sir, 1616-1704. 1682 (1682) Wing P1075; ESTC R21638 46,592 63

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it be of Natural and Divine Institution yet the particular Forms of Governments depend upon the Consent and Good will of the People that Kings are their Creatures that Succession to the Crown is at their disposal that they can alter Government and Succession if they please and even Depose the King himself if they judge it needful and all this by a Boundless and unlimited power of right belonging unto them Now this Considerers Faith is just of the same piece for all the world For he holdeth That though God commands us in our Nature to form our selves into Governments for that Mankind cannot tolerably subsist without them which is Dolemans very Reason though Government because it makes men equal and Reasonable c. seems to be the most principal Institution and Appointment of God in Nature yet the Forms of Government the Persons of the Governours the Order of Succession their respective Powers and Ministries are of Mans appointment and an Humane Creature pag. 8. exactly agreeable to what Doleman delivers pag. 2 3. If you urge that Soveraign Power is called in Scripture the Ordinance of God Doleman will tell you in answer to it that 't is so called because Gods Approbation and Concurrence goes along with the Peoples consent And this is our Considerers very Notion That Gods doing a thing is only the course of Natural and Second causes to which because God gives the Direction and Motion he both doth and is said to do all that is done pag. 13. Whence he proceeds to tell us That every Form of Government is of our Creation and not Gods ibid. That the King hath his Authority from the Consent of the People in the first constitution of the Government pag. 20. 'T is upon the strength of this Principle that he tells us with the same Confidence as Doleman doth That no Laws of Men are so fundamental but that they are Alterable Consider p. 4. That a Government made by Men is not to be left meerly to Chance and the contingency of Birth pag. 5. That all rights of Property are of Positive and Civil appointment and institution p. 7. That no man can have or is entitled to any thing but what and as the Laws allots it to him Ibid. And that just according to Dolemans Notion every Form of Government was never intended unalterable or at least inflexible but was intended and made under Reservations reasonable Exceptions of unforeseen Accidents and rare Contingencies in Humane affairs pag. 13. Now to prove all this That every Form of Government is of Humane Institution c. Doleman offers and insisteth upon but one Argument and 't is this viz. That had Forms of Government been prescribed by any Law of Nature or Divine then they should be both immutable and the self-same in all Countries as God and Nature are one and the same to all without change Doleman part 1. pag. 2 3. Now this is a very weak Argument for God and Nature have been one and the same to all because Anciently every Form of Government in all Countries was Monarchical And it will no more follow that this one Form of Government was not setled at first because several other Forms of Government were set up afterwards than it will follow that one sort of Religion was not instituted at first because so many sorts of Religion crept in afterwards However this poor Argument of Dolemans is made use of by our Considerer For saith he Nature hath made no Laws about Property nor about Governments otherwise all Laws of Property and Right and all Governments would have been the same for what she makes are Universal as the Nature of man Answer to a Letter p. 29. 'T is an avowed Principle in Doleman That it belongs to the Commonwealth to order all Succession to the Crown And this is our Considerers Principle That Succession is properly the Right of the Community p. 20. That Succession to the Crown is the Peoples Right the Right of the whole Community their Appointment their Constitution and their Creature Answer to a Letter pag. 32 33. Whereas it is urged well that the King is by Nature that he is our Natural Prince our Natural Liege Lord c. this Considerer calls this Loathsom Pedantry Answer to a Letter p. ●9 And in like manner saith Doleman When men talk of a Natural Prince or Natural Successor if it be understood of one that is born within the same Realm or Country and so of our own Natural bloud it hath some sense But if it be meant as though any Prince had his particular Government or interest to succeed by institution of Nature it is Ridiculous Doleman part 1. pag. 11. If you ask What power a Commonwealth hath to deprive a Successor without such Causes and Reasons which in the Eye of the Law seem Just Doleman will tell you up and down That the Peoples Power is Boundless Uncontroulable and Unquestionable and that it is to be presumed and owned that what they do in this case is just because they do it And at the same rate our Considerer speaketh That no Government can want a power to preserve it self whether it be by Right or Wrong means he considers not pag. 4. That no private Right but what is governable and may be ordered as to the Legislature shall seem necessary to the preservation of the whole pag. 20. That the King and his great Council in providing for the establishment and security of the Government in their Proceedings are not tied up to the Forms of Judicial proceedings but are to act upon such inducements and in such methods whereby the wisest men govern their affairs in which they are at perfect Liberty and not under the restraint of Laws And that they cannot do Unjustly whatever Methods or Means they use that are Prudentially and Morally necessary to this End Ibid. p. 21. It is justly demandable How a Commonwealth came by this Prodigious Omnipotent and Ungovernable Power so as to be under no Laws of Religion or Natural Equity In answer whereunto Father Parsons saith what I noted before That it would be a very imperfect Law that hath not provided for accidents so weighty and important as some are for saving and conserving of a Commonwealth Preface to Doleman part 1. Answerable whereunto is that Question of our Considerer Can we imagine a Government which is of Humane contrivance to be without a Power to Preserve it self and an Authority in cases that threaten its Ruine to interpose with apt remedies for its Preservation Consider p. 5. If by apt Remedies he meant Honest and Lawful means we deny it not But we cannot yield that any men have Authority to do Injustice They may have Power and Force enough to do so as some upon Shuters-Hill have Power to take away my Purse and as the High-Court of Justice so called had to take away the late Kings Life but this is not Authority or Lawful Power or Lawful Proceeding
No private man ought to lose his Estate but for Legal Causes and by Legal Proceedings To evade the force of this Argument Parsons the Jesuit saith That the Tenure of the Crown is irregular and extraordinary Men may not judge of this as of other Pleas of particular persons nor is their trial alike nor the common Maxims or Rules always of force in this thing as in others To prove which he tells us That only one Daughter of a King though he hath many is to go away with the Crown whereas Private Estates are Divideable among all the Daughters for want of Issue Male Dolman part 2. pag. 72. It seems there is Law and Justice for Private persons but not for Princes And so this Considerer reckons too That the Right of Succession to Government is not placed in the same rank with Private Inheritances nor to be governed by the same Rules That there is one Rule for the Succession of the Crown and another for the Succession of Private Estates For the descent of the Crown is governed and directed according to the presumed will of the People and this saith he gives us the Reason the very Reason in Doleman why one Daughter or Female of the next degree shall succeed to the Crown and not all if more than one whereas a Private Inheritance is equally divided amongst them all Consider p. 32. Heirs Apparent are not true Kings until their Coronation nor is Allegiance due unto them before they be crowned saith Doleman pag. 108. No Allegiance is due to any Prince but whom the Law appoints and as the Law appoints saith this Considerer pag. 30. But Doleman is Positive that Princes may lawfully be Deposed and he observes too as a Remarkable Circumstance as he calls it That God hath wonderfully concurred for the most part with such judicial Acts of the Commonwealth against their evil Princes not only in Prospering the same but by giving also some notable Successor in the place of the deposed Pag. 26. and Chap. 3. Had Father Parsons been alive in our days perhaps he would have instanced in that blessed Bird Oliver Cromwell among the rest But I leave it to you and to other Honest men to judge whether our Considerer had an eye to that passage and observation in Doleman when speaking of the Exclusion of the D. of Y. he saith we know and are most assured of the justness of the undertaking and we have good Hope in the Goodness of God that he will Succeed it p. 7. Yet I do not much wonder at this considering that he goes higher still even from the Successor to the Possessor of the Crown For thus his Politicks run The Crown doth not lie in Dominion but in Trust not in Property but in Care pag. 31. This is exactly Dolemans Notion that a Princes power is Potestas Vicaria or delegata a power Delegate or power by Commission from the Commonwealth given him as their Trustee or Proxy part 1. chap. 4. Upon this Doctrine he builds that Position and it naturally follows that true Kings may be Deposed ibid. and part 2. cap. 4. wherein our Considerer follows the Jesuit at the heels owning that the People may recall their Letters of Attourney and exauctorate their lawful King p. 6. where he saith and with base abusing Dr. Falkner when he seems to commend him I will hope there are very few in this Nation so ill instructed that doth not think it in the power of People to Depose a Prince c. Here the Gentleman speaks out and home and insinuates that for a man to be a Martyr or to bear the Cross of Christ is to be ill instructed According to this Jesuitism is the only true Orthodox Principle and so this Considerer hath lastily con'd Doleman thanks for all his Orthodox instructions For saith Doleman the Commonwealth hath Authority above their Princes pag 19. And this Considerer calls the Commons the Greatest and Best part of the Nation p. 6. which is plainly meant with respect to their Authority because a King cannot be deposed but by some that are supposed to be Greater and Better than Himself And so you see in the end what it is which this Gentleman and others of his Party and Persuasion would fain be at They pretend the Preservation of Religion and at the same time ven'd such Principles as overthrow the very foundations of our Government so true is that common observation that these Pamphleteers begin with his Royal Highness and end at last with his Royal Majesty I need not say any thing of this Considerer's short Historical Collection touching the Succession of the Crown For you and every body may easily see that 't is taken out of Doleman And so let this Considerer and his Father Parsons go together The next that comes to my hands is that Sir Positive Statesman the Author of Plato Redivivus who was so well pleased with the Comical Preface to Doleman where the Jesuit after a Poetical manner brings in two Lawyers at Amsterdam discoursing about Succession to the Crown of England that he could not but imitate the Poetical Fancy himself bringing in a Noble Venetian an English Gentleman and a Doctor at London all discoursing about the present Government in England So that 't is but altering the Scene and the Quality of the Interlocutors and then the Dramatick Farce is in a manner the same I confess this Gentleman is not Doleman all over from Head to Foot but seems to have only the Guts and Garbage of the Jesuit I mean his most Carrion-Principles For in two respects Doleman seems to have been the better man of the two 1. First in respect of that Regard and Esteem for Religion and for the Church which the Jesuit expresseth with so much zeal that he would have all other Interests to truckle to this Whereas this Gentleman seems to own no Apostle but Machiavil the Divine as he often calls him but Ridicule's things Sacred Scoffs at Ordination maliciously Depraves our Church Constitutions and makes use of his best Rhetorick that is Buffoonry and Scurrility to reproach all our Clergy speaking plainly thus pag. 98. The truth is I could wish there had never been any Clergy the purity of Christian Religion as also the good and orderly Government of the world had been much better provided for without them Had the Bookseller been well advised he might have been so respectful to the memory of the Divine Plato as not to have put a Jewel of Gold in a Swines Snout but should have entitled this Book rather Lucianus Redivivus 2. Then as touching Monarchy even Doleman is so fair that he allows it to be the most Excellent most Perfect and most Ancient Form of Government pag. 12. But this Gentlman looks upon it as the very worst and to have proceeded from the Corruption of better Governments pag. 33. Therefore he admires the Venetian Government as the only School in the world at this day pag. ●4 and
into a Mutual League and throw the Government into the hands of such and such only as should subscribe and enter into the Association After this I would work so with my friends that if one of our Allies and Confederates should be found out and Indicted a Pannel should be packt of such True men to the Cause as would stretch their Consciences a little to bring off a poor Brother and keep him out of the reach of the King and his Laws Besides I would load all the Kings Friends with Reproaches and odious Characters and call 'em Tories Rogues Popishly-affected Rascals Enemies to their Country and the like And at last if a Parliament should happen to be called especially to Oxford I would indeavour that our Party should go in a Formidable mann●r and with a numerous train of such true Protestants as Stephen Colledge and should be strongly guarded with Men Horse and Arms so that nothing should be wanting but the sound of the Trumpet and a Rendezvouz Now should I do thus would not you think that I had a base Design a●d Plot in my head Would not any man think that I had a mind to set things on a flame when I had thus laid the Fewel together and had blown the Coals and was stirring up the Fi●e Sir I do not say or mean that my Conscience can suffer me to do these things but whether these things have not been done let the world judge Yet truly I do not believe that there is a Protestant-Plot nor would I have it called so for the Principles of our Religion are such that we dare not be seditious we dare not be ungovernable we dare not be Enemies to the King we dare not endeavour to pull down a Government that is so admirably well established we dare not be dishonest unless we will be Hypocrites nor be Rebels unless we will be damned In a word our Religion is such that we can lay no Plot but this How to be quiet while we live and how to go to Heaven when we die This is the business of a Right Protestant Nor do I believe that there is a Presbyterian-Plot neither properly so called For that is such an odious such an Ill-natured Sect that the Genius of the Nation is set against them and we have had already such abundant experience of their Hypocrisie Knavery and Tyranny that 't is not credible that any man of Consideration will Plot or venture his neck for them Neverth●l●ss the late Loyal Addr●sses from all parts do shew that 't is the general opinion of the Kings good Subjects throughout the Nation that there is another wicked Design on foot besides that horrid Popish Conspiracy which was discovered about four years ago Indeed we cannot say 't is managed by any one single Party or Faction in Religion but rather that 't is a Motley Pye bald Combination of many Factions somewhat like that Army we read of 1 Sam. 22. which was made up of men that were in distress of men that were in d●bt and of men that were discontented In like manner the Factions which threaten our Peace now consist of a Farrago and a Medley you miy call it the Confusion-●ot not only b●cause it tendeth to the utter 〈◊〉 ●n of our Laws Liberties Prop●r●ies Peace and Gover●●●●t both in Church and ●tate but also because it is carried ●n by a confused mixture such as th●s● viz. Some that hav● lost their Preferments at Court and would fain be Revenged some that never d●served any P●●ferments and would fain be scrambling some that have inr●ched themselves by the Kings favour and are therefore ungra●●ful because they are unfatiable some that want Money some that want Wit and some that wa●t nothing b●t Honesty and Religion some that are A●heists and Hobbists some that have been old Rob●●s Republicans Rumpers Cromwelians Committee of Safety-men Levellers and Sequestrators or the Heirs and Children of such some that hav● an aking Tooth after Crown and Church Revenues some th●t are notorious for Dishonesty and become Bankru●●'s and som● that have been Infamous for Vice some that have been Catechiz'd in a Wine-Cellar and made Maudlin-C●●●e●ts at the Tap head some that have been Illuminat●d on a sudden in Moor-Fields and been Dipt in Cornelius his Tub s●●e pretenders to Conformity that have been unfortunately hook't in unawares and divers Ringleaders and Abettors of Schism who would gladly have another run after that Breath'd Puss the Good Old Cause which we were apt to think when a most Graciour Act of Oblivion came forth would have died quietly in its Form Of this Design we had evidence abundant by the late famous Association which opened the eyes of so many honest Royalists in the Kingdom That alone gave a clear Demonstration of the matter though we had reason enough to suspect it shrewdly before For it was observed that upon the Discovery of the Popish Plot when the Church of England-men unanimously and vigorously fall upon the Church of Rome the Dissenters at the same time fell foul upon the Church of England You know how maliciously active and zealous Mr. Baxter and the rest have been in that Cause and in that Cause only This we were amazed to see and could make no other Construction of it but that they took an early care to destroy the establisht Church themselves as if they believed not that the Papists could be able to do it For the Church of England being the only impregnable Fort against Popery we could not conceive that Protestants would endeavour to remove or weaken or pull down that if they did believe really that the common Enemy had a Plot against it How can this be that men should fear an Enemy and believe him to be under the Walls and yet at the same time open the City Gates and with a pretended Design to keep the Enemy out too this is as unlikely as that men should believe and fear that the Kings Life and Person is in imminent danger and yet at the same time endeavour to remove his Guards and leave his Palace naked pretending to preserve Him How I pray can these things consist Besides we see how zealous the Factious have been and are in stickling for Offices of Trust which in quiet and setled times they studied as much to avoid as being only vexatious troublesome and chargeable but of no use than for the disturbance of a Profound Peace We see how readily they themselves have confuted their own pretences touching the sinfulness forsooth of complying with some Laws and Conforming to the Church of England For rather than stand out of play when the Old Game is going again they will for once abju●e the Covenant and take the Test and seal all this by receiving the Holy Sacrament according to Law even when their own Consciences tell them unless their Tongues lie that it is Damnable to do so Add to this that the world rings of Ignoramus-Juries when Full clear and plentiful