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the_o watch_n aught_o to_o have_v ascribe_v to_o they_o what_o indeed_o flow_v from_o their_o coordination_n and_o contrivance_n chap._n vii_o the_o last_o defect_n i_o observe_v in_o the_o chemical_a doctrine_n of_o quality_n be_v that_o in_o many_o case_n it_o agree_v not_o well_o with_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o nature_n and_o that_o by_o one_o or_o both_o of_o these_o way_n first_o there_o be_v divers_a change_n of_o quality_n wherein_o one_o may_v well_o expect_v that_o a_o chemical_a principle_n shall_v have_v a_o great_a stroke_n and_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o at_o all_o appear_v to_o have_v so_o he_o that_o consider_v what_o great_a operation_n divers_a of_o the_o hermetick_n ascribe_v to_o this_o or_o that_o hypostatical_a principle_n and_o how_o many_o quality_n according_a to_o they_o must_v from_o it_o be_v derive_v can_v scarce_o do_v other_o than_o expect_v that_o a_o great_a change_n as_o to_o those_o quality_n happen_v in_o a_o mix_a body_n shall_v at_o least_o be_v 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metal_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o gold_n by_o a_o very_a small_a proportion_n of_o what_o they_o call_v the_o philosopher_n elixir_n one_o may_v i_o think_v show_v they_o from_o their_o own_o concession_n that_o divers_a quality_n may_v be_v change_v even_o in_o such_o constant_a body_n as_o metal_n without_o the_o addition_n of_o any_o considerable_a proportion_n of_o the_o simple_a ingredient_n to_o which_o they_o be_v wont_n to_o ascribe_v those_o quality_n provide_v the_o agent_n as_o a_o efficient_a rather_o than_o as_o a_o material_a cause_n be_v able_a to_o make_v a_o great_a change_n in_o the_o mechanical_a affection_n of_o the_o part_n whereof_o the_o metal_n it_o act_v on_o be_v make_v up_o thus_o if_o we_o suppose_v a_o pound_n of_o silver_n a_o pound_n of_o lead_n and_o a_o pound_n of_o iron_n to_o be_v transmute_v into_o gold_n each_o by_o a_o grain_n of_o the_o powder_n of_o projection_n this_o ting_a powder_n as_o a_o material_a cause_n be_v inconsiderable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o smallness_n of_o its_o bulk_n and_o as_o a_o efficient_a cause_n it_o work_v differ_v and_o even_o contrary_a effect_n according_a to_o the_o disposition_n wherein_o it_o find_v the_o metal_n to_o be_v transmute_v and_o the_o change_v it_o produce_v in_o the_o constituent_a texture_n of_o it_o thus_o it_o bring_v quicksilver_n to_o be_v fix_v which_o it_o be_v not_o before_o and_o deprive_v it_o of_o the_o fluidity_n which_o it_o have_v before_o it_o bring_v silver_n to_o be_v indissolvable_a in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la which_o ready_o dissolve_v it_o before_o and_o dissoluble_a in_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la which_o before_o will_v not_o touch_v it_o and_o which_o be_v very_o considerable_a to_o our_o present_a purpose_n whereas_o it_o make_v iron_n much_o more_o fusible_a than_o mars_n it_o make_v lead_n much_o less_o fusible_a than_o while_o it_o retain_v its_o pristine_a form_n since_o saturn_n melt_v ere_o it_o come_v to_o ignition_n which_o gold_n require_v to_o bring_v it_o to_o fusion_n but_o this_o be_v propose_v only_o as_o a_o argument_n ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la till_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o transmutation_n of_o metal_n into_o gold_n by_o way_n of_o projection_n be_v sufficient_o prove_v and_o the_o circumstance_n and_o phaenomena_fw-la of_o it_o particular_o declare_v i_o must_v not_o forget_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o some_o learned_a modern_a chemist_n will_v be_v think_v to_o explicate_v divers_a of_o the_o change_n that_o happen_v to_o body_n in_o point_n of_o odour_n colour_n etc._n etc._n by_o say_v that_o in_o such_o alteration_n the_o sulphur_n or_o other_o hypostatical_a principle_n be_v intravert_v or_o extravert_v or_o as_o other_o speak_v invert_v but_o i_o confess_v to_o i_o these_o seem_v to_o be_v rather_o new_a term_n then_o real_a explication_n for_o to_o omit_v divers_a of_o the_o argument_n mention_v in_o this_o present_a treatise_n that_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o this_o way_n of_o solve_v the_o phaenomena_n of_o quality_n one_o may_v just_o object_n that_o the_o suppose_a extraversion_n or_o intraversion_n of_o sulphur_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n reach_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o so_o great_a a_o variety_n of_o odour_n colour_n and_o other_o quality_n as_o may_v be_v find_v in_o the_o change_a portion_n of_o matter_n we_o be_v speak_v of_o and_o which_o be_v more_o what_o they_o call_v by_o these_o and_o the_o like_a name_n can_v be_v do_v without_o local_a motion_n transpose_v the_o particle_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o consequent_o produce_v in_o it_o a_o change_n of_o texture_n which_o be_v the_o very_a thing_n we_o will_v infer_v and_o which_o be_v suppose_v we_o may_v grant_v sulphur_n to_o be_v oftentimes_o actual_o present_a in_o the_o alter_a body_n without_o allow_v it_o to_o be_v always_o necessary_a to_o produce_v the_o alteration_n in_o they_o since_o corpuscle_n so_o condition_v and_o contex_v will_v
their_o admirer_n cherish_v for_o they_o yet_o divers_a of_o the_o experiment_n which_o either_o be_v allege_v to_o favour_v these_o notion_n or_o on_o other_o account_n be_v to_o be_v meet_v with_o among_o the_o follower_n of_o these_o man_n deserve_v the_o curiosity_n if_o not_o the_o esteem_n of_o the_o industrious_a inquirer_n into_o nature_n mystery_n and_o look_v upon_o chemistry_n in_o gross_a as_o a_o discipline_n subordinate_a to_o physic_n even_o mechanical_a philosopher_n may_v just_o in_o my_o opinion_n think_v favourable_o of_o it_o since_o whatever_o imperfection_n or_o if_o they_o please_v extravagancy_n there_o may_v be_v in_o the_o principle_n and_o explication_n of_o paracelsus_n or_o other_o lead_a artist_n these_o fault_n of_o the_o theorical_a part_n may_v be_v sufficient_o compensated_a by_o the_o utility_n that_o may_v be_v derive_v from_o the_o practical_a part_n and_o this_o i_o be_o the_o rather_o induce_v to_o say_v because_o the_o experiment_n that_o 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and_o production_n of_o volatility_n by_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boyle_n esq_n fellow_n of_o the_o r._n society_n london_n print_v by_o e._n flesher_n for_o r._n davis_n bookseller_n in_o oxford_n 1675._o advertisement_n about_o the_o experiment_n and_o note_n relate_v to_o chemical_a quality_n when_o after_o i_o have_v go_v through_o the_o common_a operation_n of_o chemistry_n i_o begin_v to_o make_v some_o serious_a reflection_n on_o they_o i_o think_v it_o be_v pity_n that_o instrument_n that_o may_v prove_v so_o serviceable_a to_o the_o advancement_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n shall_v not_o be_v more_o studious_o and_o skilful_o make_v use_n of_o to_o so_o good_a a_o purpose_n i_o see_v indeed_o that_o divers_a of_o the_o chemist_n have_v by_o a_o diligent_a and_o laudable_a employment_n of_o their_o pain_n and_o industry_n obtain_v divers_a production_n and_o light_v on_o several_a phaenomena_n considerable_a in_o their_o kind_n and_o indeed_o more_o numerous_a than_o the_o narrowness_n and_o sterility_n of_o their_o principle_n consider_v can_v well_o be_v expect_v but_o i_o observe_v too_o that_o the_o generality_n of_o those_o that_o busy_a themselves_o about_o chemical_a operation_n some_o because_o they_o practise_v physic_n and_o other_o because_o they_o either_o much_o want_v or_o greedy_o covet_v money_n aim_v in_o their_o trial_n but_o at_o the_o preparation_n of_o good_a medicine_n for_o the_o humane_a body_n or_o to_o discover_v the_o way_n of_o cure_v the_o disease_n or_o imperfection_n of_o metal_n without_o refer_v their_o trial_n to_o the_o advancement_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n in_o general_a of_o which_o most_o of_o the_o alchemist_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v so_o incurious_a that_o not_o only_o they_o do_v not_o institute_v experiment_n for_o that_o purpose_n but_o overlookt_v and_o despise_v those_o undesigned_a one_o that_o occur_v to_o they_o whilst_o they_o be_v prosecute_a a_o preparation_n of_o a_o medicine_n or_o a_o transmutation_n of_o metal_n the_o sense_n i_o have_v of_o this_o too_o general_a omission_n of_o the_o chemist_n tempt_v i_o sometime_o to_o try_v whether_o i_o can_v do_v any_o thing_n towards_o the_o repair_n of_o it_o by_o handle_v chemistry_n not_o as_o a_o physician_n or_o a_o alchemist_n but_o as_o a_o mere_a naturalist_n and_o so_o by_o apply_v chemical_a operation_n to_o philosophical_a purpose_n and_o in_o pursuance_n of_o these_o thought_n i_o remember_v i_o draw_v up_o a_o scheme_n of_o what_o i_o venture_v to_o call_v a_o chymia_fw-gr philosophica_fw-la not_o out_o of_o any_o affectation_n of_o a_o splendid_a title_n but_o to_o intimate_v that_o the_o chemical_a operation_n there_o treat_v of_o be_v not_o direct_v to_o the_o usual_a scope_n of_o physician_n or_o transmuter_n of_o metal_n but_o partly_o to_o illustrate_v or_o confirm_v some_o philosophical_a theory_n by_o such_o operation_n and_o partly_o to_o explicate_v those_o operation_n by_o the_o help_n of_o such_o theory_n but_o before_o i_o have_v make_v any_o great_a progress_n in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o this_o design_n the_o fatal_a pestilence_n that_o rage_v in_o london_n and_o in_o many_o other_o part_n of_o england_n in_o the_o year_n 1664_o and_o 65_o oblige_v i_o among_o the_o rest_n to_o make_v several_a remove_n which_o put_v i_o upon_o take_v new_a measure_n and_o engage_v i_o in_o other_o employment_n of_o my_o time_n make_v i_o so_o long_o neglect_v the_o paper_n i_o have_v draw_v up_o that_o at_o last_o i_o know_v not_o where_o to_o find_v they_o though_o i_o hope_v they_o be_v not_o yet_o mislay_v beyond_o recovery_n which_o i_o be_v the_o less_o trouble_v at_o because_o the_o great_a difficulty_n to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o such_o a_o undertake_n do_v not_o a_o little_a discourage_v i_o such_o a_o task_n require_v as_o well_o as_o deserve_v a_o person_n better_o furnish_v than_o i_o have_v reason_n to_o think_v myself_o with_o ability_n leisure_n chemical_a experiment_n and_o convenience_n to_o try_v as_o many_o more_o as_o shall_v appear_v needful_a but_o yet_o to_o break_v the_o ice_n for_o any_o that_o may_v hereafter_o think_v fit_a to_o set_v upon_o such_o a_o work_n or_o to_o shorten_v my_o own_o labour_n if_o i_o shall_v see_v cause_n to_o resume_v it_o myself_o i_o be_v content_a to_o throw_v in_o among_o my_o note_n about_o other_o particular_a quality_n some_o experiment_n and_o observation_n about_o some_o of_o those_o that_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o call_v chemical_a quality_n because_o it_o be_v chiesly_a by_o the_o operation_n of_o chemist_n that_o man_n have_v be_v induce_v to_o take_v special_a notice_n of_o they_o of_o these_o note_n i_o have_v assign_v to_o some_o quality_n more_o and_o to_o some_o few_o as_o either_o the_o nature_n or_o importance_n of_o the_o subject_n seem_v to_o require_v or_o my_o leisure_n and_o other_o circumstance_n will_v permit_v and_o though_o i_o have_v not_o here_o handle_v the_o subject_n they_o belong_v to_o as_o if_o i_o intend_v such_o a_o chymia_fw-gr philosophica_fw-la as_o i_o late_o mention_v because_o my_o design_n do_v not_o make_v it_o necessary_a but_o do_v perhaps_o make_v it_o impertinent_a for_o i_o to_o do_v so_o yet_o in_o some_o of_o the_o large_a note_n about_o volatility_n and_o fixtness_n and_o especial_o about_o precipitation_n i_o have_v give_v some_o little_a specimen_n of_o the_o theorical_a part_n of_o a_o philosophical_a account_n of_o those_o quality_n or_o operation_n that_o i_o hope_v will_v not_o be_v whole_o useless_a i_o know_v it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o i_o shall_v have_v employ_v for_o instance_n some_o more_o considerable_a experiment_n if_o not_o arcana_fw-la but_o though_o possible_o i_o be_o not_o altogether_o unfurnished_v with_o such_o yet_o aim_v rather_o to_o promote_v philosophy_n than_o appear_v a_o possessor_n of_o elaborate_a process_n i_o decline_v several_a experiment_n that_o require_v either_o more_o skill_n or_o more_o time_n or_o more_o expense_n than_o can_v be_v well_o expect_v from_o most_o reader_n and_o choose_v rather_o to_o employ_v such_o experiment_n as_o may_v be_v more_o easy_o or_o cheap_o try_v and_o which_o be_v main_o to_o be_v consider_v be_v more_o simple_a be_v more_o clear_o intelligible_a and_o more_o fit_a to_o have_v notion_n and_o theory_n build_v upon_o they_o especial_o consider_v that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o quality_n be_v itself_o conversant_a about_o some_o of_o the_o rudimental_a part_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o of_o natural_a philosophy_n it_o seem_v unfit_a to_o employ_v intricate_a experiment_n and_o who_o cause_n be_v liable_a to_o many_o dispute_n to_o settle_v a_o theory_n of_o they_o in_o short_a my_o design_n be_v to_o hold_v a_o taper_n not_o so_o much_o to_o chemist_n as_o to_o the_o naturalist_n it_o be_v fit_a i_o shall_v be_v less_o solicitous_a to_o gratify_v the_o former_a than_o to_o inform_v the_o late_a finis_fw-la experiment_n and_o note_n about_o the_o mechanical_a origine_fw-la and_o production_n
we_o must_v not_o quite_o leave_v out_o the_o mention_n of_o the_o air_n which_o i_o have_v often_o observe_v to_o facilitate_v the_o elevation_n of_o some_o body_n even_o in_o close_a vessel_n wherein_o though_o to_o fill_v they_o too_o full_o be_v judge_v by_o many_o a_o compendious_a practice_n because_o the_o stream_n have_v a_o less_o way_n to_o ascend_v yet_o experience_n have_v several_a time_n inform_v i_o that_o at_o least_o in_o some_o case_n they_o take_v wrong_a measure_n and_o that_o to_o pass_v by_o another_o cause_n of_o their_o disappointment_n a_o large_a proportion_n of_o air_n purposely_o leave_v in_o the_o vessel_n may_v more_o than_o compensate_a the_o great_a space_n that_o be_v to_o be_v ascend_v by_o the_o vapour_n or_o exhalation_n of_o the_o matter_n that_o be_v to_o be_v distil_v or_o sublime_v and_o if_o in_o close_a vessel_n the_o presence_n of_o the_o air_n may_v promote_v the_o ascension_n of_o body_n it_o may_v well_o be_v expect_v that_o the_o elevation_n of_o divers_a of_o they_o may_v be_v further_v by_o be_v attempt_v in_o open_a vessel_n to_o which_o the_o air_n have_v free_a access_n and_o if_o we_o may_v give_v any_o credit_n to_o the_o probable_a relation_n of_o some_o chemist_n the_o air_n do_v much_o contribute_v to_o the_o volatilization_n of_o some_o body_n that_o be_v bare_o though_o indeed_o for_o no_o short_a time_n expose_v to_o it_o but_o the_o account_n on_o which_o the_o air_n by_o its_o bare_a presence_n or_o peculiar_a operation_n conduce_v to_o the_o volatilization_n of_o some_o body_n be_v a_o thing_n very_o difficult_a to_o be_v determine_v without_o have_v recourse_n to_o some_o notion_n about_o gravity_n and_o levity_n and_o of_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o corpuscle_n that_o compose_v the_o air_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v both_o very_a numerous_a and_o no_o less_o various_a and_o therefore_o i_o must_v not_o in_o these_o occasional_a note_n launch_v out_o into_o such_o a_o subject_a though_o for_o fear_n i_o shall_v be_v blame_v for_o too_o much_o slight_v my_o old_a acquaintance_n the_o air_n i_o dare_v not_o quite_o omit_v the_o power_n it_o have_v to_o dispose_v some_o body_n to_o volatility_n a_o moderate_a attention_n may_v suffice_v to_o make_v it_o be_v discern_v that_o in_o what_o have_v be_v hitherto_o deliver_v i_o have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n consider_v the_o small_a portion_n of_o matter_n to_o be_v elevate_v in_o volatilization_n as_o entire_a corpuscle_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v now_o pertinent_a to_o intimate_v in_o a_o line_n or_o two_o that_o there_o may_v be_v also_o case_n wherein_o a_o kind_n of_o volatilization_n improper_o so_o call_v may_v be_v effect_v by_o make_v use_n of_o such_o additament_n as_o break_v off_o or_o otherwise_o divide_v the_o particle_n of_o the_o corpuscle_n to_o be_v elevate_v and_o by_o adhere_v to_o and_o so_o clog_a one_o of_o the_o particle_n to_o which_o it_o prove_v more_o congruous_a enable_v the_o other_o which_o be_v now_o bring_v to_o be_v more_o light_a or_o disengage_v to_o ascend_v this_o may_v be_v illustrate_v by_o what_o happen_v when_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a be_v well_o ground_n with_o lapis_n calaminaris_n or_o with_o some_o fix_a alkali_n and_o then_o commit_v to_o distillation_n for_o the_o sea-salt_n that_o enter_v the_o composition_n of_o the_o shall_v ammoniac_a be_v detain_v by_o the_o stone_n or_o the_o alkali_n there_o be_v a_o divorce_n make_v between_o the_o common_a salt_n and_o the_o urinous_a and_o fuliginous_a salt_n that_o be_v incorporate_v with_o it_o and_o be_v now_o disengage_v from_o it_o be_v easy_o elevate_v i_o elsewhere_o mention_n that_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o man_n urine_n a_o kind_n of_o native_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a much_o less_o volatile_a than_o the_o fugitive_n that_o be_v sublime_v from_o man_n blood_n hartshorn_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o suppose_v that_o a_o separation_n of_o part_n may_v be_v make_v by_o a_o alkali_n as_o well_o in_o this_o salt_n as_o in_o the_o common_a factitious_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a i_o put_v to_o fresh_a urine_n a_o convenient_a proportion_n which_o be_v a_o plentiful_a one_o of_o salt_n of_o pot-ash_n that_o be_v then_o at_o hand_n and_o distil_v the_o liquor_n it_o yield_v according_a to_o expectation_n a_o spirit_n more_o volatile_a than_o the_o phlegm_n and_o of_o a_o very_a pierce_a taste_n which_o way_n of_o obtain_v a_o spirit_n without_o any_o violence_n of_o fire_n and_o without_o either_o previous_o abstract_v the_o phlegm_n as_o we_o be_v fain_o to_o do_v in_o fresh_a urine_n or_o tedious_o wait_v for_o the_o fermentation_n of_o stale_a urine_n i_o teach_v some_o chemist_n because_o of_o the_o usefulness_n of_o spirit_n of_o urine_n which_o be_v obtain_v this_o innocent_a way_n will_v probable_o be_v employ_v with_o much_o less_o suspicion_n of_o corrosiveness_n than_o if_o in_o the_o operation_n i_o have_v make_v use_n of_o quicklime_n another_o illustration_n of_o what_o i_o be_v not_o long_o since_o say_v may_v be_v fetch_v from_o the_o experiment_n of_o make_v spirit_n of_o nitre_n by_o mix_v saltpetre_n with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o distil_v they_o together_o for_o the_o oil_n do_v so_o divide_v or_o break_v the_o corpuscle_n of_o the_o nitre_n that_o the_o now-disposed_n particle_n of_o that_o salt_n which_o amount_v to_o a_o great_a portion_n of_o the_o whole_a will_v be_v make_v easy_o enough_o to_o ascend_v even_o with_o a_o moderate_a fire_n of_o sand_n and_o sometime_o without_o any_o fire_n at_o all_o in_o the_o form_n of_o spirit_n exceed_v unquiet_a subtle_a and_o apt_a to_o moak_v a_o way_n to_o which_o instance_n of_o this_o imperfect_a kind_n of_o volatilization_n more_o may_v be_v add_v but_o that_o you_o may_v well_o think_v i_o have_v detain_v you_o but_o too_o long_o already_o with_o indigested_a note_n about_o one_o quality_n chap._n vii_o the_o last_o mean_n of_o volatilize_a body_n be_v the_o operation_n of_o the_o fire_n or_o some_o other_o actual_a heat_n but_o of_o this_o which_o be_v obvious_a it_o will_v be_v superfluous_a to_o discourse_v only_o this_o i_o shall_v intimate_v that_o there_o may_v be_v body_n which_o in_o such_o degree_n of_o fire_n as_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v give_v in_o the_o vulgar_a operation_n of_o chemist_n will_v not_o be_v elevate_v which_o yet_o may_v be_v force_v up_o by_o such_o violent_a and_o last_a fire_n as_o be_v employ_v by_o the_o melter_n of_o oar_n and_o founder_n of_o gun_n and_o sometime_o by_o glass-maker_n and_o on_o this_o consideration_n i_o shall_v here_o observe_v to_o you_o since_o i_o do_v not_o do_v it_o at_o my_o entrance_n on_o these_o note_n that_o chemist_n be_v wont_a to_o speak_v and_o i_o have_v according_o be_v lead_v to_o treat_v of_o volatility_n and_o fixity_n in_o a_o popular_a sense_n of_o those_o term_n for_o if_o we_o will_v consider_v the_o matter_n more_o strict_o i_o presume_v we_o shall_v find_v that_o volatility_n and_o fixity_n be_v but_o relative_a quality_n which_o be_v to_o be_v estimate_v especial_o the_o former_a of_o they_o by_o the_o degree_n of_o fire_n to_o which_o the_o body_n whereto_o we_o ascribe_v one_o or_o other_o of_o those_o quality_n be_v expose_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v much_o more_o difficult_a than_o man_n be_v aware_a of_o to_o determine_v accurate_o when_o a_o body_n ought_v to_o be_v account_v volatile_a and_o when_o not_o since_o there_o be_v no_o determinate_a degree_n of_o heat_n agree_v on_o nor_o indeed_o easy_a to_o be_v devise_v that_o may_v be_v as_o a_o standard_n whereby_o to_o measure_v volatility_n and_o fixtness_n and_o it_o be_v obvious_a that_o a_o body_n that_o remain_v fix_v in_o one_o degree_n of_o fire_n may_v be_v force_v up_o by_o another_o to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v agreeable_o to_o what_o i_o late_o begin_v to_o observe_v that_o a_o body_n may_v pass_v for_o absolute_o fix_v among_o the_o generality_n of_o chemist_n and_o yet_o be_v unable_a to_o persevere_v in_o the_o fire_n of_o founder_n and_o glass-maker_n which_o bring_v into_o my_o mind_n that_o not_o have_v observe_v that_o chemist_n have_v examine_v the_o fixity_n of_o other_o body_n than_o metalline_a one_o by_o the_o cupel_n i_o have_v the_o curiosity_n to_o put_v dry_a salt_n of_o tartar_n upon_o it_o and_o find_v as_o i_o expect_v that_o in_o no_o long_a time_n it_o manifest_o waste_v in_o so_o vehement_a a_o heat_n wherein_o also_o the_o air_n come_v free_o at_o it_o though_o quicklime_n handle_v after_o the_o same_o way_n lose_v not_o of_o its_o weight_n and_o have_v well_o mix_v one_o ounce_n of_o good_a salt_n of_o tartar_n with_o treble_a its_o weight_n of_o tobacco-pipe_n day_n we_o keep_v they_o but_o for_o two_o or_o at_o most_o three_o hour_n in_o a_o strong_a fire_n yet_o the_o crucible_n be_v purposely_o leave_v uncover_v we_o
as_o to_o investigate_v the_o mechanical_a cause_n of_o precipitation_n of_o the_o mechanical_a cause_n of_o chemical_a precipitation_n chap._n i._n by_o precipitation_n be_v here_o mean_v such_o a_o agitation_n or_o motion_n of_o a_o heterogeneous_a liquor_n as_o in_o no_o long_a time_n make_v the_o part_n of_o it_o subside_o and_o that_o usual_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o powder_n or_o other_o consistent_a body_n as_o on_o many_o occasion_n chemist_n call_v the_o substance_n that_o be_v make_v to_o fall_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o liquor_n the_o precipitate_v so_o for_o brevity_n sake_n we_o shall_v call_v the_o body_n that_o be_v put_v into_o the_o liquor_n to_o procure_v that_o subside_v the_o precipitant_n as_o also_o that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v strike_v down_o the_o precipitable_a substance_n or_o matter_n and_o the_o liquor_n wherein_o it_o swim_v before_o the_o separation_n the_o menstruum_fw-la or_o solvent_a when_o a_o hasty_a fall_n of_o a_o heterogeneous_a body_n be_v procure_v by_o a_o precipitant_n the_o operation_n be_v call_v precipitation_n in_o the_o proper_a or_o strict_a sense_n but_o when_o the_o separation_n be_v make_v without_o any_o such_o addition_n or_o the_o substance_n separate_v from_o the_o fluid_a part_n of_o the_o liquor_n instead_o of_o subside_v emerge_n than_o the_o word_n be_v use_v in_o a_o more_o comprehensive_a but_o less_o proper_a acceptation_n as_o for_o the_o cause_n of_o precipitation_n the_o very_a name_n itself_o in_o its_o chemical_a sense_n have_v be_v scarce_o hear_v of_o in_o the_o peripatetic_a school_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v that_o they_o shall_v have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o it_o be_v like_a that_o those_o few_o aristotelian_o that_o have_v by_o their_o converse_n with_o the_o laboratory_n or_o write_n of_o chemist_n take_v notice_n of_o this_o operation_n will_v according_a to_o their_o custom_n on_o such_o occasion_n have_v recourse_n for_o the_o explication_n of_o it_o to_o some_o secret_a sympathy_n or_o antipathy_n between_o the_o body_n who_o action_n and_o reaction_n intervene_v in_o this_o operation_n but_o if_o this_o be_v the_o way_n propose_v of_o account_v for_o it_o i_o shall_v quick_o have_v occasion_n to_o say_v somewhat_o to_o it_o in_o consider_v the_o way_n propose_v by_o the_o chemist_n who_o be_v wont_a to_o refer_v precipitation_n either_o as_o be_v most_o usual_a to_o a_o sympathy_n betwixt_o the_o precipitate_v body_n and_o the_o menstruum_fw-la which_o make_v the_o solvent_a run_v to_o the_o embrace_n of_o the_o precipitant_n and_o so_o let_v fall_v the_o particle_n of_o the_o body_n sustain_v before_o or_o with_o other_o to_o a_o great_a antipathy_n or_o contrariety_n between_o the_o acid_a salt_n of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la and_o the_o fix_a salt_n of_o the_o oil_n or_o solution_n of_o calcine_v tartar_n which_o be_v the_o most_o general_a and_o usual_a precipitant_n they_o employ_v but_o i_o see_v not_o how_o either_o of_o these_o cause_n will_v either_o reach_v to_o all_o the_o phaenomena_n that_o have_v be_v exhibit_v or_o give_v a_o true_a account_n even_o of_o some_o of_o those_o to_o which_o it_o seem_v applicable_a for_o first_o in_o precipitation_n wherein_o what_o they_o call_v a_o sympathy_n between_o the_o liquor_n be_v suppose_v to_o produce_v the_o effect_n this_o admire_a sympathy_n do_v not_o in_o my_o apprehension_n evince_v such_o a_o mysterious_a occult_a quality_n as_o be_v presume_v but_o rather_o consist_v in_o a_o great_a congruity_n as_o to_o bigness_n shape_n motion_n and_o pore_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n between_o the_o menstruum_fw-la and_o the_o precipitant_n than_o between_o the_o same_o solvent_a and_o the_o body_n it_o keep_v before_o dissolve_v and_o though_o this_o sympathy_n right_o explain_v may_v be_v allow_v to_o have_v a_o interest_n in_o some_o such_o precipitation_n as_o let_v fall_v the_o dissolve_a body_n in_o its_o pristine_a nature_n and_o form_n and_o only_o reduce_v into_o minute_n powder_n yet_o i_o find_v not_o that_o in_o the_o generality_n of_o precipitation_n this_o doctrine_n will_v hold_v for_o in_o some_o that_o we_o have_v make_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o proper_a menstruum_n after_o the_o subside_v matter_n have_v be_v well_o wash_v and_o dry_v several_a precipitate_v of_o gold_n make_v some_o with_o oil_n of_o tartar_n which_o abound_v with_o a_o fix_a salt_n and_o be_v the_o usual_a precipitant_n and_o some_o with_o a_o urinous_a spirit_n which_o work_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o salt_n high_o fugitive_a or_o volatile_a i_o find_v the_o powder_n to_o exceed_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n i_o have_v put_v to_o dissolve_v and_o the_o eye_n itself_o sufficient_o discover_v such_o precipitate_v not_o to_o be_v mere_a metalline_a powder_n but_o composition_n who_o consist_v not_o as_o have_v be_v by_o some_o body_n suspect_v of_o the_o combine_a salt_n alone_o but_o of_o the_o metalline_a part_n also_o may_v be_v strong_o conclude_v not_o only_o from_o the_o ponderousness_n of_o divers_a of_o they_o in_o reference_n to_o their_o bulk_n but_o also_o manifest_o from_o the_o reduction_n of_o true_a malleable_a metal_n from_o several_a of_o they_o chap._n ii_o the_o other_o chemical_a way_n of_o explicate_a precipitation_n may_v in_o a_o right_a sense_n be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o a_o naturalist_n on_o some_o particular_a occasion_n but_o i_o think_v it_o much_o too_o narrow_a and_o defective_a as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o general_a way_n propose_v to_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v acquiesce_v in_o for_o first_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o it_o be_v not_o only_a salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o other_o fix_a alcaly_n that_o precipitate_v most_o body_n that_o be_v dissolve_v in_o acid_a menstruum_n as_o in_o make_v of_o aurum_fw-la fulminans_fw-la oil_n of_o tartar_n precipitate_v the_o gold_n out_o of_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la but_o acid_a liquor_n themselves_o do_v on_o many_o occasion_n no_o less_o powerful_o precipitate_v metal_n and_o other_o body_n out_o of_o one_o another_o thus_o spirit_n of_o salt_n as_o i_o have_v often_o try_v precipitate_v silver_n out_o of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la the_o corrosive_a spirit_n of_o nitre_n copious_o precipitate_v that_o white_a powder_n whereof_o they_o make_v bezoardicum_n minerale_fw-mi spirit_n or_o oil_n of_o sulphur_n make_v by_o a_o glass-bell_n precipitate_v coral_n pearl_n etc._n etc._n dissolve_v in_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n as_o be_v know_v to_o many_o chemist_n who_o now_o use_v this_o oleum_fw-la sulphuris_fw-la per_fw-la campanam_fw-la to_o make_v the_o magistery_n of_o pearl_n etc._n etc._n for_o which_o vulgar_a chemist_n employ_v oleum_fw-la tartari_fw-la per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la i_o have_v sometime_o make_v a_o menstruum_fw-la wherein_o though_o there_o be_v both_o acid_n and_o alcalizate_a salt_n yet_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o either_o acid_a spirit_n or_o oil_n of_o tartar_n or_o even_o spirit_n of_o urine_n will_v precipitate_v the_o dissolve_a substance_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v both_o that_o salt_n of_o a_o contrary_a nature_n will_v precipitate_v body_n out_o of_o the_o same_o menstruum_fw-la as_o not_o only_a salt_n of_o tartar_n but_o sea-salt_n be_v dissolve_v will_v precipitate_v each_o other_o and_o each_o of_o they_o apart_o will_v precipitate_v silver_n out_o of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o that_o even_o where_o there_o be_v a_o confess_a contrariety_n betwixt_o two_o liquor_n it_o may_v be_v so_o order_v that_o neither_o of_o they_o shall_v precipitate_v what_o be_v dissolve_v by_o the_o other_o of_o which_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o give_v ere_o long_o a_o remarkable_a instance_n but_o it_o will_v best_o appear_v that_o the_o abovemention_v theory_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n and_o chemist_n be_v at_o least_o insufficient_a to_o solve_v the_o phaenomena_n many_o of_o which_o be_v probable_o not_o know_v to_o most_o of_o they_o and_o perhaps_o not_o weigh_v by_o any_o if_o we_o proceed_v to_o observe_v the_o mechanical_a way_n by_o which_o precipitation_n may_v be_v account_v for_o whereof_o i_o shall_v at_o present_a propose_v some_o number_n and_o say_v somewhat_o of_o each_o of_o they_o apart_o not_o that_o i_o think_v all_o of_o they_o to_o be_v equal_o important_a and_o comprehensive_a or_o that_o i_o absolute_o deny_v that_o any_o one_o of_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o some_o of_o the_o other_o but_o that_o i_o think_v it_o may_v better_o elucidate_v the_o subject_n to_o treat_v of_o they_o several_o when_o i_o shall_v have_v premise_v that_o i_o will_v not_o thence_o infer_v that_o though_o for_o the_o most_o part_n nature_n do_v principal_o effect_v precipitation_n by_o one_o or_o other_o of_o these_o way_n yet_o in_o divers_a case_n she_o may_v not_o employ_v two_o or_o more_o of_o they_o about_o perform_v the_o operation_n to_o precipitate_v the_o corpuscle_n of_o a_o metal_n out_o of_o a_o menstruum_fw-la wherein_o be_v once_o thorough_o dissolve_v