force_n and_o vigour_n of_o a_o law_n which_o lest_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o make_v a_o way_n for_o tyrannical_a domination_n be_v ill_o understand_v have_v heretofore_o be_v thus_o expound_v by_o our_o countryman_n bracton_n what_o please_v the_o prince_n that_o be_v not_o every_o thing_n which_o heady_o and_o out_o of_o the_o heat_n of_o his_o trouble_a mind_n be_v sudden_o conceive_v and_o resolve_v upon_o but_o that_o which_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o peer_n his_o royal_a assent_n give_v authority_n unto_o it_o and_o deliberation_n and_o a_o debate_n be_v have_v thereon_o shall_v mature_o and_o right_o be_v define_v dedic_fw-la cui_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d legibus_fw-la ipsis_fw-la legum_fw-la vim_o imponendi_fw-la potestatem_fw-la deus_fw-la dedit_fw-la finch_n nomotech_n in_o epist_n dedic_fw-la and_o in_o our_o law_n in_o the_o daily_a proceed_n in_o our_o court_n of_o plea_n the_o law_n according_a to_o the_o solemn_a form_n of_o appellation_n be_v call_v the_o king_n law_n for_o no_o other_o cause_n as_o our_o lawyer_n have_v inform_v we_o but_o because_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v the_o fountain_n of_o justice_n and_o law_n and_o the_o law_n themselves_o in_o the_o read_n of_o they_o profess_v it_o because_o from_o almighty_a god_n they_o have_v grant_v to_o they_o a_o autocratical_a or_o a_o self-ruling_a power_n of_o give_v force_n unto_o the_o law_n themselves_o that_o they_o may_v pass_v for_o and_o be_v esteem_v as_o law_n this_o be_v so_o plain_a that_o we_o need_v not_o take_v any_o further_a pain_n in_o produce_v more_o witness_n xi_o and_o indeed_o this_o be_v enough_o and_o may_v give_v abundant_a satisfaction_n be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o impudence_n of_o a_o idle_a person_n that_o conceal_v his_o own_o name_n who_o by_o a_o ruinous_a and_o a_o nasty_a fiction_n and_o which_o be_v never_o hear_v off_o in_o the_o world_n before_o these_o unhappy_a time_n have_v endeavour_v to_o cast_v a_o mist_n over_o so_o clear_a a_o light_n by_o raise_v a_o invention_n of_o i_o know_v not_o what_o coordinate_a power_n and_o to_o flatter_v the_o nefarious_a counsel_n and_o endeavour_n of_o some_o neoteric_o in_o these_o day_n which_o be_v destitute_a of_o all_o defence_n of_o right_n be_v nevertheless_o for_o the_o time_n to_o be_v support_v by_o some_o specious_a pretence_n although_o never_o so_o weak_a and_o slender_a he_o do_v in_o a_o book_n publish_v for_o that_o purpose_n earnest_o labour_v to_o make_v the_o people_n sensible_a of_o that_o wild_a philosophy_n which_o hither_o to_o have_v be_v impose_v on_o they_o by_o way_n of_o contradiction_n viz._n that_o the_o king_n be_v supreme_a and_o have_v no_o equal_a be_v notwithstanding_o at_o the_o same_o time_n not_o supreme_a and_o have_v a_o equal_a yet_o be_v it_o not_o so_o much_o to_o be_v admire_v as_o lament_v that_o there_o be_v find_v some_o who_o greedy_o snatch_v at_o and_o embrace_v this_o ridiculous_a invention_n as_o slide_v down_o from_o heaven_n and_o indeed_o because_o it_o concern_v their_o interest_n that_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v seduce_v into_o such_o a_o false_a belief_n they_o therefore_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v so_o ensnare_v by_o this_o gross_a sophism_n as_o to_o become_v guilty_a of_o the_o foul_a perjury_n for_o what_o can_v deserve_v to_o be_v call_v perjury_n if_o this_o be_v not_o perjury_n in_o the_o high_a nature_n as_o to_o acknowledge_v and_o constitute_v a_o power_n equal_a to_o he_o in_o his_o kingdom_n who_o in_o express_a word_n you_o have_v swear_v to_o be_v the_o only_a and_o the_o supreme_a power_n in_o the_o kingdom_n away_o then_o with_o this_o our_o so_o absurd_a coordinator_n and_o with_o all_o his_o portentous_a juggle_n and_o have_v so_o clean_o rid_v our_o hand_n of_o he_o let_v we_o proceed_v xii_o the_o say_a position_n or_o conclusion_n be_v three_o prove_v by_o reason_n the_o chief_a act_n of_o govern_v do_v require_v the_o chief_a power_n for_o every_o act_n be_v the_o exercise_n of_o some_o power_n do_v presuppose_v in_o the_o agent_n a_o power_n proportionate_a to_o it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o make_n of_o law_n be_v the_o supreme_a &_o chief_a act_n of_o govern_v it_o can_v therefore_o be_v exercise_v unless_o by_o a_o person_n who_o be_v invest_v himself_o or_o who_o by_o his_o virtue_n and_o authority_n do_v derive_v unto_o another_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o commonalty_n subject_v to_o he_o for_o see_v there_o be_v two_o most_o noble_a part_n and_o species_n of_o jurisdiction_n and_o public_a power_n and_o remarkable_a above_o the_o rest_n viz._n the_o legislative_a power_n and_o the_o power_n judicial_a both_o of_o which_o consist_v in_o jure_fw-la dicundo_fw-la that_o be_v in_o pronounce_v the_o law_n from_o whence_o the_o name_n of_o jurisdiction_n do_v proceed_v but_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v the_o speak_n of_o a_o law_n only_o as_o it_o be_v already_o give_v or_o exhibit_v but_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n be_v the_o speak_n of_o a_o law_n that_o be_v as_o yet_o unmake_v and_o remain_v still_o to_o be_v exhibit_v it_o follow_v that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v far_o more_o narrow_a and_o not_o of_o such_o a_o noble_a extension_n as_o that_o of_o the_o lawgiver_n it_o be_v the_o office_n of_o the_o judge_n to_o speak_v and_o give_v law_n unto_o the_o people_n by_o a_o law_n already_o make_v but_o it_o be_v the_o office_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n to_o give_v law_n unto_o the_o judge_n himself_o and_o to_o ordain_v a_o new_a law_n which_o may_v be_v a_o rule_n unto_o he_o in_o his_o seat_n of_o judicature_n the_o judge_n be_v oblige_v to_o pronounce_v according_a to_o the_o prescript_n of_o the_o law_n constitute_v the_o lawgiver_n out_o of_o the_o plenitude_n of_o his_o power_n do_v prescribe_v and_o constitute_v the_o law_n which_o the_o inferior_a judge_n be_v no_o less_o bind_v for_o the_o future_a to_o observe_v than_o the_o people_n themselves_o it_o be_v therefore_o no_o way_n inexpedient_a that_o the_o judicial_a power_n be_v a_o power_n of_o a_o inferior_a nature_n be_v ordinary_o exercise_v by_o a_o inferior_a person_n but_o it_o be_v as_o necessary_a as_o expedient_a that_o the_o supreme_a &_o architectonical_a power_n of_o make_v law_n shall_v be_v exercise_v by_o none_o but_o only_o by_o that_o person_n who_o have_v in_o his_o hand_n the_o supreme_a power_n and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o first_o doubt_n xiii_o the_o second_o demand_n or_o quaere_fw-la be_v whether_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n be_v require_v to_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n for_o by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o speak_v a_o man_n may_v peradventure_o conceive_v that_o the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n do_v pertain_v unto_o a_o prince_n by_o so_o absolute_a and_o full_a a_o power_n that_o the_o subject_n have_v no_o part_n in_o this_o great_a affair_n and_o in_o whatsoever_o he_o determine_v there_o remain_v nothing_o for_o the_o people_n to_o do_v but_o to_o perform_v his_o command_n and_o to_o humble_v their_o neck_n under_o the_o yoke_n of_o his_o obedience_n and_o indeed_o according_a to_o the_o lust_n of_o those_o who_o heretofore_o bear_v sway_n it_o may_v appear_v by_o their_o sic_fw-la volo_fw-la sic_fw-la jubeo_fw-la that_o this_o excess_n of_o command_n do_v take_v such_o place_n among_o the_o king_n of_o former_a age_n when_o the_o mere_a arbitration_n of_o prince_n stand_v for_o law_n that_o the_o name_n of_o a_o tyrant_n of_o a_o innocent_a at_o the_o first_o and_o of_o a_o honest_a signification_n do_v grow_v at_o the_o last_o into_o a_o great_a ignominy_n by_o the_o foul_a abuse_n of_o so_o save_v a_o power_n and_o even_o in_o our_o day_n it_o do_v convey_v something_o that_o be_v horrid_a into_o our_o ear_n as_o often_o as_o we_o hear_v it_o speak_v but_o that_o some_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n be_v at_o least_o require_v i_o have_v both_o heretofore_o manifest_v and_o it_o be_v grant_v by_o all_o of_o the_o most_o approve_a author_n that_o i_o have_v read_v insomuch_o much_o that_o the_o jesuit_n themselves_o the_o most_o stout_a defender_n of_o the_o pope_n ecumenical_a omnipotence_n and_o which_o by_o they_o be_v by_o no_o limit_n to_o be_v include_v do_v yet_o hold_v that_o many_o in_o germany_n and_o other_o place_n be_v to_o be_v excuse_v for_o the_o non-observing_a of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n and_o the_o bull_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o rome_n only_o upon_o this_o account_n that_o those_o law_n be_v never_o receive_v into_o use_n among_o those_o nation_n i_o affirm_v therefore_o and_o it_o be_v the_o common_a receive_v opinion_n that_o the_o law_n propound_v and_o institute_v by_o a_o prince_n or_o the_o head_n of_o a_o commonalty_n do_v not_o
proper_a unto_o potentia_n but_o to_o habit_n to_o be_v obtain_v to_o be_v assume_v to_o be_v lay_v down_o or_o to_o be_v lose_v but_o man_n be_v say_v to_o find_v to_o lose_v to_o take_v up_o and_o to_o depose_v their_o conscience_n the_o conscience_n therefore_o be_v not_o a_o potentia_fw-la but_o a_o habit._n xvii_o i_o do_v therefore_o thus_o state_n it_o the_o conscience_n proper_o and_o formal_o and_o by_o a_o direct_a praedication_n be_v a_o habit_n yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o may_v be_v a_o potentia_n and_o that_o two_o way_n first_o material_o because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o potentia_fw-la as_o in_o the_o subject_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o which_o second_o by_o approximation_n for_o be_v place_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n betwixt_o habitum_fw-la acquisitum_fw-la and_o puram_fw-la potentiam_fw-la a_o habit_n acquire_v and_o a_o pure_a potentia_fw-la it_o can_v assume_v the_o name_n of_o either_o as_o the_o medium_n do_v participate_v of_o either_o of_o the_o extreme_n and_o hereupon_o it_o be_v that_o conscience_n be_v find_v in_o little_a child_n who_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o acquire_v habit_n neither_o be_v it_o altogether_o necessary_a that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o mind_n and_o the_o conscience_n in_o tit._n 1._o be_v contradistinct_a as_o bare_a potentia_n but_o it_o seem_v rather_o that_o both_o word_n be_v there_o take_v by_o a_o synecdoche_n the_o mind_n for_o the_o speeulative_a intellect_n with_o all_o its_o pertinence_n as_o the_o schoolman_n speak_v it_o and_o the_o conscience_n for_o the_o practical_a intellect_n with_o all_o its_o pertinence_n that_o be_v with_o all_o the_o faculty_n habit_n and_o act_n and_o what_o do_v respective_o pertain_v to_o any_o of_o they_o xviii_o in_o the_o definition_n of_o conscience_n i_o have_v place_v the_o word_n faculty_n which_o in_o some_o measure_n do_v seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v common_a to_o the_o potentia_n and_o habit_n and_o be_v very_o proper_a to_o signify_v habit_n innate_a peradventure_o you_o will_v object_v that_o every_o habit_n be_v acquire_v by_o often_o act_n and_o therefore_o this_o do_v so_o appertain_v to_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o habit_n that_o habit_n be_v especial_o to_o be_v know_v from_o potentia_n by_o it_o as_o by_o a_o specifical_a difference_n to_o wit_n that_o the_o potentia_n be_v accquire_v and_o the_o habit_n natural_a therefore_o unless_o a_o man_n will_v maintain_v mere_a contradiction_n he_o ought_v not_o to_o say_v that_o conscience_n be_v a_o habit_n innate_a to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o must_v be_v indeed_o confess_v that_o all_o habit_n whatsoever_o both_o be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v call_v accquire_v nay_o even_o those_o habit_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o natural_a and_o for_o this_o cause_n because_o they_o want_v the_o assistance_n of_o the_o sense_n and_o many_o praevious_a sensible_a action_n that_o so_o the_o species_n of_o thing_n sensible_a in_o respect_n whereof_o the_o soul_n of_o itself_o be_v like_o a_o clear_a table-book_n may_v be_v convey_v into_o the_o phantasy_n and_o become_v at_o last_o intelligible_a nevertheless_o some_o habit_n may_v be_v call_v and_o with_o great_a reason_n too_o innate_a for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o mind_n by_o a_o inbred-light_n do_v immediate_o give_v a_o assent_n to_o the_o thing_n propound_v without_o any_o fear_n of_o the_o opposite_a to_o it_o only_o the_o apprehension_n of_o the_o term_n be_v suppose_v neither_o to_o procure_v its_o assent_n do_v it_o want_v the_o help_n of_o internal_a study_n or_o external_a institution_n for_o example_n the_o intellective_a habit_n of_o this_o principle_n omne_fw-la totum_fw-la est_fw-la majus_fw-la qualibet_fw-la svi_fw-la parte_fw-la every_o thing_n that_o be_v whole_a be_v great_a than_o any_o part_n of_o it_o be_v a_o habit_n innate_a so_o far_o as_o by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n and_o only_o out_o of_o the_o apprehension_n of_o the_o term_n the_o truth_n thereof_o of_o its_o own_o accord_n do_v enter_v into_o the_o mind_n without_o any_o study_n or_o teacher_n and_o yet_o nevertheless_o this_o habit_n be_v acquire_v so_o far_o as_o it_o need_v the_o assistance_n of_o the_o sense_n that_o so_o by_o often_o action_n in_o sensible_a thing_n one_o may_v arrive_v unto_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o term_n that_o be_v to_o say_v what_o belong_v to_o the_o whole_a and_o what_o unto_o the_o part_n xix_o if_o it_o may_v be_v yet_o object_v that_o the_o conscience_n can_v be_v call_v a_o innate_a habit_n for_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v innate_a be_v not_o capable_a of_o error_n neither_o can_v they_o be_v defective_a and_o they_o be_v the_o same_o in_o all_o in_o whosoever_o they_o be_v but_o the_o conscience_n can_v err_v and_o be_v evil_a neither_o be_v it_o the_o same_o in_o all_o man_n i_o make_v answer_n that_o it_o do_v indeed_o follow_v from_o this_o that_o the_o conscience_n be_v not_o a_o habit_n simple_o innate_a which_o no_o reasonable_a man_n will_v affirm_v for_o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o nature_n but_o as_o partly_o as_o before_o mention_v it_o be_v innate_a so_o also_o it_o be_v partly_o acquire_v the_o soul_n of_o man_n do_v bring_v with_o it_o as_o it_o be_v some_o seed_n of_o knowledge_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a which_o grow_v up_o and_o be_v perfect_v by_o study_n and_o institution_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n natural_a agility_n be_v complete_v by_o exercise_n and_o natural_a logic_n by_o logic_n artificial_a the_o conscience_n therefore_o in_o respect_n of_o those_o moral_a agible_n which_o as_o the_o schoolman_n speak_v be_v of_o the_o first_o dictate_v of_o nature_n and_o be_v its_o primary_n object_n be_v a_o natural_a or_o a_o innate_a habit_n and_o be_v alike_o in_o all_o man_n and_o be_v always_o right_a without_o any_o error_n or_o depravation_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v afterward_o learned_a and_o come_v close_o up_o unto_o those_o first_o principle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d whether_o it_o be_v by_o a_o internal_a and_o proper_a meditation_n or_o a_o external_a institution_n it_o be_v a_o habit_n acquire_v and_o may_v be_v erroneous_a and_o defective_a xx._n but_o this_o be_v enough_o if_o not_o too_o much_o of_o the_o genus_fw-la of_o conscience_n i_o shall_v more_o brief_o dispatch_v the_o rest_n the_o second_o member_n of_o the_o definition_n be_v the_o subject_n which_o be_v twofold_a viz._n subjectum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o subjectum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o subject_a in_o which_o and_o the_o subject_a of_o which_o the_o subject_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o of_o which_o be_v man_n or_o rather_o a_o reasonable_a creature_n 29._o math._n 8_o 29._o if_o we_o will_v speak_v more_o exact_o for_o it_o be_v find_v in_o holy_a writ_n that_o the_o angel_n themselves_o be_v conscious_a of_o their_o rebellion_n 12._o james_n 11_o 12._o and_o of_o the_o punishment_n thereby_o due_a unto_o they_o 3._o 1_o corinth_n 6._o 3._o and_o that_o they_o know_v they_o shall_v be_v torment_v yet_o nevertheless_o they_o tremble_v at_o the_o reveal_v word_n of_o god_n as_o also_o that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v judge_v at_o the_o come_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o all_o thing_n they_o have_v do_v but_o because_o it_o belong_v not_o much_o to_o this_o discourse_n to_o know_v the_o nature_n of_o angelic_a mind_n and_o it_o have_v please_v the_o most_o wise_a god_n to_o make_v but_o little_a mention_n of_o it_o in_o the_o scripture_n i_o have_v appropriate_v this_o definition_n of_o the_o conscience_n unto_o man_n only_o for_o although_o in_o brutish_a creature_n there_o appear_v a_o shadow_n of_o conscience_n as_o of_o reason_n and_o many_o thing_n be_v perform_v by_o they_o which_o do_v bear_v a_o show_n of_o justice_n and_o prudence_n as_o indeed_o what_o be_v report_v of_o elephant_n and_o of_o the_o policy_n of_o bee_n and_o dog_n and_o of_o some_o other_o live_v creature_n be_v much_o to_o be_v admire_v yet_o they_o be_v all_o but_o the_o work_n of_o the_o phantasy_n and_o not_o of_o reason_n and_o they_o proceed_v from_o a_o natural_a instinct_n and_o not_o from_o conscience_n man_n therefore_o be_v the_o proper_a subject_a as_o well_o of_o reason_n as_o of_o conscience_n and_o every_o man_n be_v so_o the_o very_a heathen_n the_o reprobate_n and_o even_a infant_n themselves_o be_v not_o exclude_v as_o for_o the_o heathen_n st._n paul_n rom._n 2._o 15._o express_o speak_v that_o they_o do_v show_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n to_o be_v write_v in_o their_o heart_n their_o conscience_n bear_v they_o witness_n and_o the_o same_o apostle_n tit._n 1_o 15._o declare_v that_o the_o filthy_a person_n have_v a_o conscience_n although_o a_o impure_a one_o for_o the_o
of_o nature_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o sin_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o second_o place_n you_o be_v to_o know_v that_o the_o effect_n of_o this_o law_n that_o be_v the_o obligative_a power_n of_o it_o be_v ground_v on_o the_o will_n and_o the_o power_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n so_o that_o to_o speak_v proper_o the_o law_n itself_o do_v not_o bind_v so_o effectual_o as_o the_o will_n and_o power_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n by_o cause_v and_o induce_v a_o obligation_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v and_o indeed_o usual_o so_o it_o be_v that_o the_o law_n do_v oblige_v terminative_o that_o be_v as_o a_o term_n of_o obligation_n and_o by_o the_o virtue_n of_o a_o exemplar_n cause_n because_o it_o be_v that_o to_o which_o a_o man_n be_v so_o oblige_v that_o he_o may_v work_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o it_o as_o a_o artist_n in_o work_v be_v direct_v by_o the_o copy_n that_o be_v propound_v to_o he_o in_o the_o three_o place_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o to_o oblige_v the_o conscience_n be_v so_o to_o bind_v a_o man_n up_o unto_o obedience_n under_o a_o mortal_a fault_n as_o the_o schoolman_n speak_v it_o that_o if_o he_o prove_v disobedient_a he_o be_v not_o only_o liable_a to_o a_o temporal_a punishment_n either_o ordain_v by_o the_o law_n or_o to_o be_v inflict_v according_a to_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o magistrate_n but_o he_o be_v deserve_o check_v by_o his_o own_o conscience_n as_o guilty_a of_o the_o neglect_n of_o his_o duty_n and_o thereby_o of_o the_o anger_n of_o god_n contract_v on_o he_o v._o the_o sense_n therefore_o of_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o humane_a law_n have_v the_o power_n to_o oblige_v the_o conscience_n of_o those_o man_n to_o who_o they_o be_v exhibit_v in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o i_o have_v now_o explain_v among_o the_o protestant_n calvin_n do_v deny_v it_o as_o bellarmin_n at_o least_o do_v object_n against_o he_o it_o be_v deny_v also_o by_o beza_n and_o many_o other_o among_o the_o papist_n it_o be_v deny_v by_o gerson_n bellarmin_n himself_z confess_v it_o and_o by_o almain_n 9_o bellarm._n 3_o de_fw-fr laic_a 9_o and_o as_o some_o affirm_v by_o navarrus_n among_o the_o protestant_n again_o it_o be_v affirm_v by_o musculus_fw-la ursine_n and_o other_o and_o among_o the_o papist_n it_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o jesuit_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o schoolman_n some_o there_o be_v who_o do_v distinguish_v on_o it_o 13._o rom._n 13._o as_o david_n paraeus_n and_o other_o and_o it_o must_v needs_o indeed_o be_v acknowledge_v if_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o too_o much_o opposition_n and_o the_o affectation_n of_o contradiction_n they_o have_v not_o on_o both_o side_n err_v this_o controversy_n have_v long_o ago_o be_v cast_v out_o of_o the_o world_n in_o disputation_n such_o as_o these_o i_o oftentimes_o do_v call_v that_o to_o mind_n which_o when_o i_o be_v a_o young_a man_n i_o do_v read_v in_o aristotle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v manifest_a that_o it_o be_v so_o but_o not_o why_o another_o do_v dispute_v it_o so_o in_o which_o place_n he_o dispute_v a_o principia_fw-la sunt_fw-la contraria_fw-la whether_o principle_n be_v contrary_a an_fw-mi detur_fw-la infinitum_fw-la whether_o there_o be_v a_o infiniteness_n or_o not_o and_o the_o like_a and_o therefore_o in_o these_o doubt_n for_o this_o be_v the_o true_a sense_n and_o read_n of_o that_o place_n in_o the_o three_o of_o the_o physics_n we_o have_v more_o need_n of_o a_o arbitrator_n who_o may_v reconcile_v both_o opinion_n differ_v rather_o in_o show_n than_o in_o substance_n than_o of_o a_o judge_n who_o while_o he_o determin_n one_o part_n do_v condemn_v the_o other_o and_o this_o indeed_o will_v prevail_v much_o in_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o controversy_n which_o with_o such_o contention_n of_o mind_n and_o bitterness_n of_o stile_n be_v now_o among_o party_n carry_v on_o in_o the_o christian_a world_n if_o divine_n will_v not_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v sway_v rather_o by_o faction_n than_o affection_n indeed_o in_o this_o present_a question_n as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v judge_v by_o the_o perusal_n of_o those_o few_o book_n which_o the_o infirmity_n of_o my_o health_n and_o the_o straightness_n of_o my_o time_n do_v permit_v to_o look_v over_o the_o height_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o contention_n be_v on_o both_o side_n take_v away_o they_o neither_o of_o they_o do_v seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v in_o any_o great_a error_n but_o i_o conceive_v that_o those_o who_o affirmative_o have_v define_v this_o question_n to_o speak_v free_o what_o i_o think_v have_v speak_v more_o commodious_o to_o the_o institution_n of_o our_o life_n &_o more_o careful_o &_o safe_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o error_n and_o more_o proper_o to_o the_o form_n of_o sound_a doctrine_n than_o those_o who_o have_v define_v it_o negative_o but_o that_o more_o distinct_o i_o may_v propose_v unto_o you_o what_o i_o conceive_v be_v to_o be_v determine_v in_o this_o question_n i_o will_v as_o brief_o and_o as_o clear_o as_o i_o can_v with_o some_o conclusion_n comprehend_v and_o terminate_v the_o whole_a subject_n i_o will_v confim_v my_o own_o opinion_n with_o some_o reason_n as_o need_n shall_v require_v and_o i_o will_v answer_v the_o argument_n which_o common_o be_v allege_v by_o the_o adverse_a party_n vii_o the_o first_o conclusion_n be_v that_o humane_a law_n if_o injust_a do_v not_o oblige_v unto_o obedience_n the_o thing_n be_v manifest_a enough_o if_o the_o word_n be_v right_o understand_v and_o that_o no_o man_n may_v give_v a_o misunderstanding_n to_o they_o we_o be_v to_o be_v advertise_v that_o a_o law_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v unjust_a either_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o end_n or_o the_o manner_n or_o of_o some_o circumstance_n extrinsical_a to_o the_o law_n itself_o or_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o object_n of_o the_o law_n for_o it_o differ_v if_o that_o be_v command_v which_o be_v manifest_o unjust_a or_o whether_o that_o which_o peradventure_o be_v not_o otherwise_o unjust_a be_v yet_o unjust_o command_v that_o kind_n of_o injustice_n which_o adher_v to_o the_o law_n itself_o per_fw-la se_fw-la that_o be_v of_o itself_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o thing_n command_v do_v take_v away_o the_o obligation_n but_o it_o take_v not_o away_o that_o obligation_n which_o come_v unto_o it_o extrinsecal_o and_o as_o it_o be_v by_o accident_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o commander_n for_o suppose_v that_o a_o prince_n shall_v by_o a_o law_n make_v command_v something_o to_o be_v do_v the_o do_v whereof_o of_o itself_o be_v not_o unlawful_a to_o be_v do_v or_o shall_v forbid_v that_o to_o be_v do_v which_o be_v not_o simple_o necessay_v and_o suppose_v withal_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o such_o just_a cause_n why_o he_o shall_v command_v this_o or_o forbid_v that_o be_v induce_v to_o it_o either_o by_o the_o desire_n of_o filthy_a lucre_n or_o the_o mere_a lust_n of_o exercise_v his_o tyranny_n or_o by_o some_o other_o deprave_a affection_n of_o his_o mind_n this_o law_n be_v unjust_a indeed_o on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o king_n that_o do_v command_v it_o but_o the_o subject_a nevertheless_o be_v oblige_v to_o the_o obedience_n of_o it_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o that_o injustice_n do_v hold_v altogether_o on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o party_n command_v and_o not_o of_o the_o thing_n command_v so_o that_o although_o the_o king_n can_v not_o without_o sin_n make_v such_o a_o law_n yet_o the_o subject_a without_o sin_n can_v perform_v that_o which_o by_o that_o law_n be_v command_v and_o whatsoever_o the_o subject_n can_v perform_v without_o sin_n he_o be_v bind_v if_o command_v to_o perform_v by_o the_o duty_n of_o obedience_n let_v the_o prince_n himself_o look_v to_o it_o by_o what_o counsel_n or_o intention_n â—e_v enact_v such_o a_o law_n it_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o i_o who_o be_o but_o his_o subject_n to_o examine_v it_o neither_o shall_v it_o be_v impute_v unto_o i_o if_o he_o have_v offend_v in_o it_o but_o as_o long_o as_o nothing_o be_v commandmand_v but_o what_o lawful_o may_v be_v perform_v it_o shall_v be_v impute_v to_o i_o if_o i_o be_o want_v in_o my_o duty_n and_o shall_v not_o obey_v he_o viii_o moreover_o i_o add_v this_o also_o if_o the_o law_n itself_o either_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o object_n or_o the_o matter_n be_v peradventure_o unjust_a and_o grievous_a to_o the_o subject_a as_o for_o example_n sake_n if_o he_o demand_v the_o payment_n of_o a_o great_a subsidy_n than_o the_o occasion_n do_v require_v the_o conscience_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v not_o here_o free_v from_o the_o obligation_n but_o here_o again_o we_o be_v to_o distinguish_v for_o a_o thing_n may_v be_v
according_a to_o his_o good_a pleasure_n he_o may_v either_o delegate_v a_o dispensation_n of_o either_o power_n to_o another_o or_o he_o may_v reserve_v it_o to_o himself_o therefore_o it_o will_v not_o be_v absurd_a if_o any_o man_n shall_v grant_v that_o god_n in_o some_o measure_n have_v delegated_a a_o legislative_a power_n to_o the_o magistrate_n of_o oblige_a conscience_n but_o have_v reserve_v the_o judicial_a power_n over_o they_o entire_a unto_o himself_o but_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n that_o compel_v we_o to_o grant_v 〈◊〉_d or_o to_o use_v any_o expression_n that_o may_v be_v help_v although_o by_o never_o so_o gentle_a a_o interpretation_n for_o we_o do_v not_o say_v this_o that_o god_n have_v give_v to_o the_o magistrate_n a_o power_n to_o oblige_v by_o his_o law_n the_o conscience_n of_o those_o that_o be_v under_o he_o but_o this_o rather_o which_o be_v a_o more_o wary_a and_o a_o more_o commodious_a kind_n of_o speak_v that_o god_n have_v give_v to_o the_o magistrate_n a_o power_n of_o make_v law_n which_o but_o by_o the_o only_a authority_n of_o god_n himself_o do_v oblige_v the_o conscience_n of_o his_o subject_n for_o to_o speak_v proper_o the_o magistrate_n do_v not_o oblige_v the_o conscience_n to_o obey_v the_o law_n but_o god_n oblige_v the_o conscience_n to_o obey_v the_o magistrate_n xl._n and_o by_o this_o a_o way_n be_v make_v for_o a_o 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o last_o objection_n i_o do_v grant_v indeed_o 〈…〉_o effect_n of_o action_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v extend_v 〈…〉_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o agent_n nevertheless_o where_o there_o be_v more_o agent_n subordinate_a there_o be_v 〈◊〉_d hinder_v but_o that_o the_o effect_n may_v be_v extend_v beyond_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o inferior_a agent_n provide_v it_o do_v not_o exceed_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o principâ—â—_n agent_n as_o in_o the_o generation_n of_o a_o monster_n which_o be_v but_o boy_n we_o have_v learn_v from_o aristotle_n the_o effect_n which_o be_v the_o production_n of_o the_o monster_n be_v beside_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o second_o cause_n or_o as_o they_o speak_v it_o of_o nature_n nature_a that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o the_o person_n that_o beget_v or_o bring_v it_o forth_o but_o it_o be_v not_o beside_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n or_o of_o nature_n nature_v that_o be_v almighty_a god_n therefore_o although_o the_o magistrate_n in_o the_o make_n of_o a_o law_n have_v no_o explicit_a intention_n of_o oblige_v the_o conscience_n yet_o by_o institute_v the_o law_n he_o do_v institute_v that_o which_o by_o the_o intention_n &_o ordination_n of_o god_n have_v a_o implicit_a force_n of_o oblige_v they_o &_o which_o necessary_o be_v conjoin_v to_o he_o and_o this_o may_v suffice_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o obligation_n of_o humane_a law_n in_o general_a i_o will_v short_o proceed_v to_o the_o question_n or_o particular_a doubtful_a case_n if_o god_n shall_v permit_v and_o my_o health_n be_v more_o constant_a to_o i_o the_o sixth_z lecture_n of_o the_o obligation_n of_o humane_a law_n in_o reference_n to_o their_o material_a cause_n prov_n 8._o 15._o per_fw-la i_o reges_fw-la regnant_a et_fw-fr legum_n conditores_fw-la justa_fw-la decernunt_fw-la by_o i_o king_n reign_n and_o the_o maker_n of_o law_n do_v decree_n justice_n i_o have_v reduce_v to_o two_o general_a question_n or_o to_o two_o head_n what_o i_o have_v propound_v to_o be_v speak_v concern_v the_o obligation_n of_o humane_a law_n the_o first_o be_v whether_o humane_a law_n do_v oblige_v the_o conscience_n of_o subject_n concern_v which_o in_o the_o former_a lecture_n i_o have_v expound_v to_o you_o what_o be_v my_o judgement_n of_o it_o the_o other_o question_n be_v how_o they_o oblige_v to_o which_o question_n i_o have_v tell_v you_o there_o belong_v the_o deâ—â—ding_n of_o some_o case_n and_o doubt_n which_o meeâ—_n in_o this_o subject_n and_o because_o they_o be_v 〈◊〉_d few_o noâ—_n of_o one_o kind_n therefore_o to_o avoid_v confusion_n and_o that_o we_o may_v proceed_v in_o some_o order_n and_o method_n to_o that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v speak_v i_o have_v think_v be_v not_o impertinent_a to_o give_v you_o a_o rough_a representative_a of_o the_o whole_a treatise_n now_o in_o hand_n and_o that_o method_n which_o most_o of_o you_o do_v remember_v i_o observe_v in_o those_o my_o former_a exercitation_n concern_v the_o obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n i_o here_o conceive_v it_o very_o necessary_a for_o i_o to_o use_v again_o that_o those_o thing_n may_v all_o of_o they_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o four_o kind_n of_o cause_n which_o i_o conceive_v may_v commodious_o be_v refer_v to_o they_o but_o because_o i_o do_v find_v many_o thing_n to_o remain_v which_o can_v easy_o be_v include_v in_o those_o bound_n we_o will_v assign_v they_o their_o several_a class_n and_o they_o be_v chief_o two_o the_o first_o of_o person_n who_o be_v under_o the_o obligation_n of_o those_o law_n and_o the_o other_o in_o the_o compare_v of_o the_o obligatory_a virtue_n which_o be_v in_o humane_a law_n with_o that_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o conscience_n by_o vow_n oath_n promise_n contract_n and_o from_o the_o law_n of_o scandal_n or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n else_o which_o elsewhere_o obligatory_a for_o these_o two_o obligation_n do_v seem_v to_o be_v in_o a_o contestation_n and_o justle_n for_o precedency_n to_o strive_v which_o of_o they_o shall_v give_v place_n unto_o 〈…〉_o to_o add_v the_o three_o classis_fw-la for_o some_o certain_a species_n of_o law_n which_o seem_v to_o contain_v in_o themselves_o something_o singular_a to_o themselves_o such_o as_o be_v ecclesiastical_a law_n penal_a law_n &_o the_o local_a statute_n of_o college_n and_o less_o society_n will_v not_o peradventure_o be_v very_o necessary_a see_v in_o some_o manner_n they_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o something_o in_o the_o four_o kind_n of_o cause_n and_o though_o not_o so_o apt_o as_o to_o satisfy_v the_o curious_a yet_o so_o full_o as_o to_o serve_v our_o present_a purpose_n for_o whilst_o our_o hearer_n understand_v what_o it_o be_v we_o speak_v of_o we_o have_v never_o take_v any_o great_a care_n in_o what_o method_n we_o have_v go_v we_o will_v in_o the_o first_o place_n therefore_o if_o god_n shall_v grant_v life_n health_n and_o opportunity_n to_o accomplish_v what_o we_o have_v propound_v speak_v of_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n as_o to_o the_o four_o kind_n of_o cause_n in_o the_o second_o place_n of_o the_o person_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o those_o law_n and_o last_o of_o the_o comparison_n of_o the_o obligation_n which_o quarrel_n among_o themselves_o give_v you_o beforehand_o one_o or_o two_o distinction_n which_o will_v be_v of_o great_a concernment_n in_o the_o whole_a management_n of_o this_o discourse_n ii_o we_o must_v understand_v therefore_o in_o the_o first_o place_n see_v that_o to_o the_o end_n of_o political_a government_n and_o order_n there_o be_v a_o twofold_a power_n in_o those_o who_o be_v invest_v with_o sovereign_a authority_n a_o directive_n power_n by_o which_o the_o subject_n may_v understand_v what_o they_o have_v to_o do_v and_o a_o power_n coactive_a or_o coercitive_a for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o analogy_n it_o be_v better_a so_o to_o call_v it_o than_o coercive_a by_o which_o the_o subject_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v command_v if_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n they_o shall_v refuse_v to_o give_v obedience_n to_o they_o both_o which_o be_v so_o contain_v in_o the_o law_n that_o the_o one_o consist_v most_o in_o precept_n and_o the_o other_o be_v most_o to_o be_v see_v in_o punishment_n there_o arise_v from_o this_o double_a power_n of_o the_o magistrate_n a_o double_a duty_n of_o the_o subject_n which_o answer_v to_o that_o double_a power_n the_o duty_n of_o obedience_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o directive_n power_n and_o the_o duty_n of_o subjection_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o power_n coercitive_a i_o here_o understand_v subjection_n as_o it_o be_v proper_o so_o call_v by_o a_o appellation_n generical_a which_o as_o elsewhere_o it_o often_o come_v to_o pass_v be_v restrain_v to_o one_o certain_a species_n for_o obedience_n also_o be_v a_o species_n of_o subjection_n large_o take_v the_o apostle_n comprehend_v both_o those_o duty_n heb._n 13._o 17._o and_o signify_v they_o in_o those_o two_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d obey_v they_o that_o have_v the_o oversight_n of_o you_o and_o submit_v yourselves_o the_o first_o whereof_o pertain_v to_o the_o duty_n of_o obedience_n or_o of_o perform_v that_o which_o be_v command_v by_o a_o lawful_a superior_n the_o other_o to_o the_o duty_n of_o subjection_n or_o of_o endure_v what_o by_o he_o shall_v be_v inflict_v furthermore_o as_o from_o a_o double_a power_n there_o arise_v a_o double_a
that_o deliverance_n which_o god_n vouchsafe_v to_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o jew_n under_o ahasuerus_n king_n of_o the_o persian_n esther_n 9_o three_o when_o moses_n command_v but_o one_o day_n only_o in_o the_o year_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o seven_o month_n for_o a_o solemn_a fast_o the_o king_n and_o magistrate_n of_o that_o people_n for_o what_o cause_v it_o be_v not_o know_v but_o likely_a in_o the_o remembrance_n of_o some_o remarkable_a judgement_n of_o god_n do_v by_o their_o own_o authority_n institute_v annual_a solemn_a fast_n insomuch_o that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o last_o of_o â—he_n prophet_n there_o be_v four_o solemn_a fast_n keep_v every_o year_n viz_o three_o other_o beside_o that_o of_o the_o seven_o month_n in_o the_o four_o five_o and_o ten_o month_n of_o all_o which_o mention_n be_v make_v zach._n 8._o 19_o four_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o dedication_n of_o the_o altar_n call_v encoenia_fw-la be_v institute_v by_o the_o asamonians_n without_o any_o command_n of_o god_n the_o history_n be_v to_o be_v read_v maccab._n 4._o 59_o and_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o most_o and_o best_a interpreter_n christ_n himself_o be_v think_v not_o only_o to_o have_v approve_v of_o it_o but_o to_o have_v honour_v it_o with_o his_o presence_n joh._n 10._o 20._o five_o we_o find_v it_o no_o where_o to_o be_v enjoin_v by_o any_o commandment_n of_o god_n that_o in_o solemn_a fast_n and_o penitential_a mourning_n they_o shall_v put_v on_o sackcloth_n and_o strew_v ash_n on_o their_o hair_n but_o among_o the_o jew_n for_o some_o age_n past_a the_o long_a custom_n be_v so_o receive_v and_o so_o obtain_v the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n that_o christ_n himself_o do_v use_v that_o manner_n of_o speech_n as_o from_o the_o custom_n of_o that_o nation_n and_o show_v not_o the_o least_o dislike_n of_o it_o mat._n 11._o 21._o six_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o writing_n of_o the_o rabbin_n that_o it_o be_v the_o manner_n also_o of_o the_o jew_n before_o the_o supper_n of_o the_o passeover_n that_o the_o master_n of_o the_o family_n shall_v stoop_v solow_a as_o to_o wash_v the_o foot_n of_o those_o of_o his_o own_o household_n which_o although_o command_v by_o no_o law_n of_o god_n we_o find_v it_o to_o be_v observe_v by_o christ_n as_o it_o be_v manifest_a in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o gospel_n john_n 13._o why_o shall_v i_o here_o number_v up_o the_o synagogue_n every_o where_o build_v in_o so_o many_o city_n and_o town_n for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o sacred_a convention_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n a_o long_a catalogue_n whereof_o the_o jewish_a commentary_n do_v afford_v we_o from_o all_o which_o this_o may_v be_v conclude_v if_o so_o many_o thing_n pertain_v to_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n be_v lawful_a for_o the_o jew_n to_o alter_v under_o that_o yoke_n of_o severe_a discipline_n there_o can_v no_o probable_a argument_n be_v derive_v from_o their_o example_n to_o overthrow_v the_o force_n of_o ecclesiastical_a humane_a law_n the_o seven_o lecture_n concern_v the_o obligation_n of_o humane_a law_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o efficient_a cause_n thereof_o prov_n 8._o 15._o per_fw-la i_o reges_fw-la regnant_a et_fw-fr legum_n conditores_fw-la justa_fw-la decernunt_fw-la by_o i_o king_n reign_n and_o the_o maker_n of_o law_n do_v decree_v just_a thing_n in_o the_o last_o term_n we_o do_v treat_v of_o the_o obligation_n of_o humane_a law_n both_o in_o the_o generality_n of_o they_o to_o wit_n that_o law_n right_o constitute_v do_v oblige_v the_o conscience_n of_o the_o subject_n to_o obedience_n so_o also_o in_o the_o species_n as_o to_o those_o doubt_n which_o seem_v proper_o to_o pertain_v to_o the_o material_a cause_n to_o wit_n how_o humane_a law_n do_v oblige_v they_o first_o we_o treat_v of_o thing_n impossible_a second_o of_o thing_n possible_a but_o very_o burdensome_a three_o of_o thing_n necessary_a four_o of_o thing_n unlawful_a and_o dishonest_a five_o of_o evil_n to_o be_v permit_v sixthly_a of_o thing_n of_o a_o middle_a nature_n &_o indifferent_a in_o general_a seven_o of_o ecclesiastical_a rite_n in_o special_a of_o all_o these_o thing_n which_o have_v be_v speak_v that_o i_o may_v not_o appear_v too_o tedious_a in_o repetition_n the_o sum_n be_v this_o that_o subject_n be_v oblige_v to_o obey_v just_a law_n but_o they_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o obey_v law_n that_o be_v unjust_a and_o so_o solomon_n in_o this_o text_n require_v of_o the_o maker_n of_o law_n that_o they_o do_v decree_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v just_a i_o must_v now_o proceed_v to_o prosecute_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v yet_o remain_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o the_o handle_n of_o which_o i_o will_v use_v as_o much_o brevity_n as_o the_o subject_n will_v permit_v that_o so_o in_o its_o due_a time_n i_o may_v finish_v the_o whole_a work_n or_o at_o least_o so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o pertain_v to_o the_o obligation_n of_o law_n ii_o in_o the_o order_n of_o cause_n according_a to_o the_o method_n which_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o observe_v the_o efficient_a cause_n do_v follow_v next_o to_o the_o material_a and_o the_o formal_a next_o to_o that_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v the_o last_o of_o all_o and_o do_v both_o head_n the_o rear_n and_o shut_v it_o up_o concern_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o law_n i_o have_v already_o sufficient_o show_v in_o the_o three_o conclusion_n of_o the_o five_o lecture_n that_o humane_a law_n do_v not_o oblige_v unless_o they_o be_v make_v by_o a_o person_n invest_v with_o a_o legitimate_a authority_n this_o in_o the_o first_o place_n be_v now_o remain_v to_o be_v consider_v of_o in_o who_o be_v the_o just_a and_o lawful_a power_n of_o make_v of_o law_n or_o who_o be_v those_o maker_n of_o law_n to_o who_o according_a to_o the_o mind_n of_o solomon_n the_o right_n of_o discern_v righteous_a thing_n belong_v to_o give_v a_o full_a answer_n to_o this_o first_o doubt_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o all_o by_o far_o in_o this_o kind_n of_o cause_n two_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v suppose_v in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o suppose_v the_o legislative_a power_n to_o be_v the_o power_n of_o a_o superior_a as_o to_o give_v a_o command_n in_o which_o appellation_n i_o do_v also_o comprehend_v a_o prohibition_n which_o be_v a_o proper_a act_n of_o the_o law_n to_o be_v the_o act_n of_o a_o superior_a you_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o in_o this_o consideration_n there_o be_v not_o a_o little_a difference_n betwixt_o these_o three_o a_o promise_n a_o petition_n and_o a_o command_n without_o the_o least_o distinction_n it_o be_v common_a to_o all_o superior_n inferior_n and_o equal_n to_o promise_v for_o a_o father_n may_v promise_v something_o to_o his_o son_n and_o the_o son_n to_o the_o father_n and_o the_o brother_n or_o a_o neighbour_n to_o his_o brother_n or_o to_o his_o neighbour_n but_o to_o crave_v or_o to_o petition_n belong_v proper_o to_o inferior_n and_o sometime_o in_o some_o respect_n to_o equal_n as_o the_o son_n beseech_v his_o father_n or_o the_o neighbour_n his_o neighbour_n to_o excuse_v he_o or_o to_o receive_v the_o acknowledgement_n of_o his_o thankfulness_n but_o this_o belong_v not_o unto_o superior_n unless_o it_o be_v very_o improper_o and_o by_o descend_v to_o a_o low_a degree_n than_o their_o condition_n be_v but_o it_o be_v so_o peculiar_a to_o superior_n and_o of_o man_n place_v in_o a_o pre-eminence_n of_o dignity_n to_o command_v that_o he_o will_v be_v altogether_o ridiculous_a whosoever_o he_o be_v whether_o a_o equal_a or_o a_o inferior_a that_o serious_o shall_v command_v his_o superior_a or_o equal_a to_o the_o performance_n of_o any_o thing_n for_o every_o act_n do_v require_v a_o beginning_n proportionated_a to_o it_o and_o a_o equal_a have_v no_o command_n on_o a_o equal_a iii_o now_o as_o to_o a_o obligation_n concern_v these_o three_o it_o be_v thus_o to_o be_v state_v he_o who_o crave_v one_o thing_n of_o another_o man_n oblige_v by_o that_o petition_n neither_o himself_o nor_o the_o party_n of_o who_o he_o crave_v it_o for_o it_o be_v a_o petition_n and_o a_o petition_n be_v a_o act_n of_o indigence_n and_o not_o of_o power_n who_o effect_n because_o it_o depend_v on_o another_o and_o proceed_v not_o from_o the_o agent_n itself_o can_v induce_v any_o obligation_n but_o he_o who_o promise_v something_o to_o another_o man_n do_v by_o his_o promise_n oblige_v himself_o but_o he_o oblige_v not_o he_o to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v for_o a_o promise_n be_v the_o act_n of_o a_o free_a will_n every_o man_n as_o he_o be_v a_o free_a agent_n and_o have_v a_o power_n over_o his_o own_o will_n as_o the_o apostle_n speak_v 1_o cor._n 7._o 37._o can_v exercise_v on_o himself_o that_o right_n and_o power_n which_o he_o have_v over_o his_o own_o will_n but_o
democraty_n the_o chief_a and_o sovereign_a power_n consist_v in_o many_o magistrate_n yearly_o choose_v by_o popular_a suffrage_n or_o by_o certain_a other_o intervall_n of_o time_n and_o this_o heretofore_o be_v the_o state_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n when_o they_o be_v govern_v by_o consul_n praetor_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n aedile_n and_o other_o yearly_a magistrate_n and_o from_o hence_o proceed_v those_o expression_n which_o oftentimes_o we_o find_v in_o tully_n populi_n romani_fw-la majestas_fw-la laesa_fw-la populi_fw-la majestas_fw-la visum_fw-la est_fw-la senatui_fw-la populoque_fw-la romano_n the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n the_o injure_a majesty_n of_o the_o people_n it_o seem_v good_a to_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n etc._n etc._n in_o a_o state_n aristocratical_a the_o same_o majesty_n reside_v among_o some_o of_o the_o lord_n and_o noble_n who_o in_o some_o place_n they_o call_v illustrissimoes_n in_o other_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o land_n and_o in_o other_o place_n again_o they_o receive_v other_o title_n and_o appellation_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o nation_n among_o who_o although_o peradventure_o but_o one_o as_o in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n or_o more_o of_o they_o may_v have_v a_o pre-eminence_n of_o place_n and_o dignity_n above_o the_o rest_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a primacy_n of_o order_n which_o heretofore_o be_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n and_o some_o patriarch_n in_o their_o council_n yet_o no_o man_n be_v so_o superior_a above_o the_o rest_n in_o power_n that_o by_o his_o own_o authority_n he_o can_v judge_v any_o one_o of_o they_o neither_o can_v he_o himself_o be_v judge_v unless_o it_o be_v by_o all_o of_o they_o altogether_o some_o form_n of_o this_o government_n be_v still_o retain_v by_o our_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n in_o our_o city_n and_o by_o the_o head_n and_o fellow_n of_o college_n in_o our_o university_n and_o although_o as_o it_o be_v but_o in_o a_o shadow_n yet_o in_o some_o manner_n they_o do_v represent_v it_o to_o we_o but_o in_o a_o monarchial_a government_n as_o the_o name_n itself_o imply_v the_o chief_a power_n be_v resident_a in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n alone_o whereupon_o st._n peter_n a_o most_o excellent_a interpreter_n of_o st._n paul_n do_v admonish_v the_o christian_a people_n to_o obey_v the_o king_n as_o their_o superior_a that_o no_o man_n may_v any_o more_o doubt_n of_o who_o st._n paul_n speak_v when_o he_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o high_a power_n ro._n 1._o 3._o 1._o samuel_n also_o the_o prophet_n of_o god_n do_v so_o propound_v unto_o the_o people_n the_o fullness_n of_o the_o kingly_a power_n to_o be_v consider_v of_o by_o they_o 1_o sam._n 8._o that_o if_o a_o king_n the_o supreme_a in_o his_o kingdom_n shall_v act_v all_o those_o thing_n which_o in_o that_o chapter_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o he_o to_o do_v upon_o no_o just_a cause_n but_o upon_o the_o mere_a desire_n of_o domination_n and_o to_o show_v himself_o a_o tyrant_n and_o not_o a_o king_n although_o he_o want_v not_o sin_n before_o god_n yet_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v any_o force_n to_o be_v put_v upon_o he_o by_o the_o people_n nevertheless_o he_o may_v just_o be_v say_v to_o have_v abuse_v his_o power_n but_o his_o own_o power_n among_o we_o english_a what_o more_o certain_o or_o more_o clear_o can_v appear_v unless_o at_o noon_n we_o choose_v rather_o to_o be_v blind_a than_o open_a our_o eye_n than_o that_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o the_o three_o kingdom_n do_v entire_o appertain_v to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n who_o we_o be_v accustom_v to_o render_v more_o remarkable_a by_o the_o title_n of_o majesty_n not_o only_o according_a to_o the_o common_a use_n of_o speak_v but_o in_o our_o solemn_a ordinance_n and_o in_o all_o our_o form_n &_o action_n of_o law_n &_o in_o the_o take_n of_o a_o oath_n lay_v our_o hand_n upon_o the_o gospel_n of_o the_o eternal_a god_n we_o acknowledge_v he_o the_o supreme_a yea_o &_o the_o only_a supreme_a governor_n of_o all_o person_n and_o cause_n in_o his_o kingdom_n viii_o in_o the_o four_o place_n we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o when_o we_o say_v the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n be_v in_o the_o king_n alone_o it_o be_v not_o so_o to_o be_v understand_v as_o if_o we_o mean_v that_o whatsoever_o the_o king_n be_v please_v to_o command_n shall_v immediate_o obtain_v the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n for_o by_o and_o by_o i_o will_v show_v unto_o you_o that_o some_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n themselves_o and_o many_o other_o thing_n be_v require_v to_o the_o constitution_n of_o law_n but_o this_o be_v that_o which_o i_o will_v hold_v forth_o unto_o you_o that_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o people_n &_o senate_n and_o other_o demand_n of_o the_o peer_n people_n or_o any_o whosoever_o do_v not_o oblige_v the_o subject_n nor_o do_v carry_v with_o they_o the_o power_n of_o a_o law_n unless_o they_o be_v strengthen_v and_o establish_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n to_o which_o be_v mature_o and_o due_o prepare_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n accede_v they_o immediate_o receive_v the_o name_n the_o form_n and_o authority_n of_o a_o law_n and_o forthwith_o begin_v as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v publish_v to_o oblige_v the_o subject_n therefore_o see_v that_o only_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v to_o be_v the_o principal_a and_o the_o efficient_a cause_o of_o any_o thing_n which_o by_o itself_o and_o immediate_o produce_v and_o into_o a_o prepare_a matter_n introduce_v that_o form_n which_o give_v to_o that_o thing_n both_o the_o name_n and_o the_o be_v although_o other_o thing_n ought_v to_o concur_v to_o the_o production_n of_o that_o effect_n or_o to_o go_v before_o it_o as_o so_o many_o praevious_a disposition_n that_o so_o the_o matter_n may_v be_v render_v more_o apt_a to_o receive_v the_o form_n intend_v by_o the_o agent_n it_o be_v most_o manifest_a whatsoever_o those_o thing_n be_v which_o antecedent_o be_v require_v to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o law_n yet_o the_o will_n of_o the_o prince_n from_o who_o arbitration_n and_o command_n alone_o all_o rogation_n of_o law_n be_v either_o establish_v or_o make_v void_a be_v the_o only_a adequate_a and_o efficient_a cause_n of_o public_a law_n ix_o these_o thing_n be_v premise_v the_o position_n be_v confirm_v by_o many_o argument_n and_o first_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o holy_a scripture_n first_o gen._n 49._o 10._o in_o that_o remarkable_a testament_n of_o the_o patriarch_n jacob_n be_v about_o to_o die_v the_o sceptre_n shall_v not_o be_v take_v away_o from_o judah_n nor_o a_o lawgiver_n from_o his_o thigh_n be_v a_o prophecy_n of_o the_o future_a royal_a dignity_n of_o that_o tribe_n which_o the_o holy_a old_a man_n do_v periphrastical_o describe_v and_o to_o the_o confirmation_n of_o it_o he_o mention_v the_o sceptre_n the_o most_o remarkable_a witness_n of_o kingly_a authority_n and_o the_o legislative_a power_n the_o chief_a prerogative_n of_o it_o second_o deut._n 33._o 4_o 5._o moses_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o king_n in_o israel_n because_o have_v gather_v together_o all_o the_o tribe_n of_o the_o people_n he_o give_v they_o a_o law_n to_o observe_v three_o psal_n 60._o 7._o judah_n be_v my_o lawgiver_n that_o be_v king_n and_o the_o vulgar_a interpretation_n read_v it_o judah_n be_v my_o king_n in_o the_o text_n now_o in_o hand_n prov._n 8._o 15._o by_o i_o king_n reign_n and_o the_o maker_n of_o law_n do_v decree_v just_a thing_n where_o which_o be_v usual_a with_o solomon_n in_o the_o whole_a book_n of_o the_o proverb_n that_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o the_o verse_n do_v contain_v a_o amplification_n or_o antithesis_fw-la the_o very_a same_o person_n who_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o verse_n be_v call_v king_n in_o the_o latter_a part_n by_o way_n of_o amplification_n be_v call_v maker_n of_o law_n five_o in_o the_o new_a testament_n st._n james_n also_o make_v mention_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o royal_a law_n x._o second_o it_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o philosopher_n and_o historian_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o our_o nation_n the_o thing_n be_v so_o manifest_a we_o shall_v be_v content_a to_o give_v you_o but_o few_o example_n aristotle_n plutarch_n and_o almost_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o other_o author_n of_o great_a estimation_n do_v all_o affirm_v that_o we_o must_v have_v a_o law_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o prince_n but_o that_o of_o ulpian_n be_v very_o remarkable_a which_o he_o have_v in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n quod_fw-la principi_fw-la placuit_fw-la legis_fw-la vigorem_fw-la habet_fw-la what_o please_v the_o prince_n have_v the_o
propound_v and_o he_o do_v not_o violate_v the_o law_n unless_o he_o do_v neglect_v they_o both_o xxiv_o this_o which_o be_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o obligation_n of_o a_o law_n pure_o penal_a be_v as_o i_o conceive_v sufficient_o unfold_v let_v we_o now_o pass_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o a_o penal_a law_n mix_v concern_v which_o i_o make_v this_o my_o three_o conclusion_n a_o penal_a law_n mix_v to_o wit_n which_o open_o command_v something_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o that_o it_o more_o diligent_o may_v be_v perform_v which_o be_v command_v do_v appoint_v a_o penalty_n to_o the_o transgressor_n do_v oblige_v both_o to_o the_o fault_n and_o to_o the_o punishment_n insomuch_o that_o he_o neither_o satisfy_v the_o law_n nor_o his_o conscience_n who_o undergo_v the_o punishment_n unless_o he_o do_v perform_v that_o also_o which_o be_v command_v by_o the_o law_n there_o be_v none_o can_v doubt_v that_o such_o a_o law_n do_v oblige_v to_o the_o punishment_n for_o otherwise_o of_o what_o use_n will_v the_o punishment_n be_v that_o be_v add_v to_o it_o and_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o it_o oblige_v to_o the_o fault_n because_o it_o contain_v a_o manifest_a command_n and_o every_o command_n oblige_v to_o the_o fault_n for_o a_o fault_n or_o a_o sin_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o transgression_n of_o some_o precept_n 1_o joh._n 3._o neither_o can_v that_o be_v probable_o speak_v which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o navarr_n that_o the_o lawmaker_n by_o insert_v the_o punishment_n do_v signify_v that_o he_o have_v no_o intention_n of_o oblige_v but_o only_o to_o that_o punishment_n which_o be_v annex_v observe_v i_o pray_v you_o how_o perverse_a it_o be_v so_o to_o interpret_v the_o appoint_v of_o a_o punishment_n which_o it_o be_v certain_a be_v for_o that_o end_n annex_v to_o the_o precept_n that_o the_o say_a precept_n by_o the_o fear_n of_o punishment_n may_v more_o diligent_o and_o more_o accurate_o be_v observe_v as_o to_o make_v weak_a and_o takeaway_a the_o obligation_n of_o the_o say_a precept_n numberless_a be_v the_o law_n which_o throughout_o the_o world_n be_v make_v against_o thief_n murderers_z perjure_a person_n and_o other_o wicked_a and_o nefarious_a people_n god_n also_o give_v a_o law_n to_o our_o first_o parent_n by_o which_o he_o forbid_v they_o to_o eat_v of_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o tree_n which_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o paradise_n have_v annex_v to_o the_o prohibition_n the_o punishment_n of_o death_n if_o they_o shall_v eat_v thereof_o gen._n 2._o can_v any_o man_n be_v find_v so_o destitute_a of_o reason_n as_o to_o think_v that_o adam_n be_v oblige_v by_o this_o divine_a law_n and_o that_o other_o be_v oblige_v by_o humane_a law_n to_o the_o punishment_n only_o and_o not_o unto_o the_o fault_n who_o will_v affirm_v to_o omit_v humane_a law_n that_o adam_n be_v not_o oblige_v in_o conscience_n by_o that_o divine_a law_n to_o abstain_v from_o the_o forbid_a fruit_n but_o to_o this_o only_a that_o if_o he_o do_v eat_v thereof_o he_o shall_v be_v ready_a to_o undergo_v the_o setence_n of_o death_n the_o opinion_n therefore_o of_o navarre_n be_v explode_v as_o dangerous_a and_o by_o all_o man_n confute_v if_o indeed_o the_o opinion_n be_v he_o which_o i_o shall_v hardly_o believe_v he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o so_o reverend_a a_o fame_n we_o be_v to_o affirm_v that_o a_o penal_a law_n mix_v be_v both_o penal_a and_o preceptive_a do_v oblige_v both_o to_o the_o punishment_n and_o to_o the_o fault_n to_o the_o punishment_n as_o it_o be_v penal_a and_o to_o the_o fault_n as_o it_o be_v preceptive_a xxv_o the_o three_o doubt_n remain_v how_o and_o how_o far_o the_o transgressor_n of_o a_o penal_a law_n be_v bind_v to_o undergo_v the_o punishment_n in_o the_o fact_n itself_o that_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o law_n i_o must_v make_v haste_n i_o will_v therefore_o be_v as_o short_a as_o i_o can_v i_o say_v therefore_o in_o the_o first_o place_n if_o the_o punishment_n appoint_v by_o the_o law_n be_v such_o that_o it_o impose_v not_o any_o thing_n upon_o the_o transgressor_n to_o be_v either_o do_v or_o suffer_v by_o he_o but_o consist_v rather_o in_o a_o inability_n to_o do_v something_o which_o be_v commodious_a for_o he_o to_o do_v or_o in_o a_o incapacity_n of_o receive_v something_o which_o will_v be_v profitable_a for_o he_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o law_n so_o violate_v and_o be_v bind_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la to_o undergo_v the_o punishment_n there_o be_v many_o law_n which_o do_v forbid_v transgressor_n to_o do_v this_o or_o that_o as_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o certain_a cause_n do_v forbid_v translationem_fw-la dominii_fw-la the_o alteration_n of_o power_n or_o freehold_n there_o be_v also_o many_o law_n which_o for_o such_o a_o certain_a time_n do_v make_v delinquent_n incapable_a of_o such_o a_o place_n or_o dignity_n as_o if_o a_o disturber_n of_o the_o peace_n by_o a_o statute_n of_o the_o university_n be_v prohibit_v to_o have_v his_o grace_n propound_v in_o the_o congregation_n house_n for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n after_o the_o fault_n commit_v in_o such_o &_o the_o like_a case_n where_o the_o punishment_n consist_v only_o in_o the_o inability_n or_o the_o incapacity_n because_o to_o undergo_v this_o punishment_n there_o be_v no_o cooperation_n require_v of_o the_o person_n to_o be_v punish_v but_o rather_o a_o certain_a cessation_n of_o operate_a he_o who_o have_v violate_v the_o law_n be_v oblige_v willing_o to_o suffer_v the_o punishment_n although_o he_o be_v not_o require_v i_o say_v in_o the_o second_o place_n if_o the_o punishment_n appoint_v by_o the_o law_n be_v such_o that_o a_o cooperation_n of_o the_o person_n offend_v be_v necessary_o require_v to_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n that_o be_v that_o he_o who_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v be_v to_o act_v something_o himself_o in_o his_o own_o punishment_n he_o be_v not_o oblige_v ordinary_o to_o undergo_v the_o say_a punishment_n ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la before_o the_o judge_n have_v pronounce_v the_o sentence_n or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o before_o the_o punishment_n be_v exact_v of_o he_o by_o a_o person_n to_o that_o purpose_n invest_v with_o lawful_a authority_n the_o guilty_a person_n be_v bind_v indeed_o to_o suffer_v the_o punishment_n but_o if_o he_o call_v to_o it_o otherwise_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v i_o say_v in_o the_o three_o place_n that_o a_o guilty_a man_n after_o the_o sentence_n pronounce_v by_o the_o judge_n or_o after_o he_o be_v require_v to_o it_o by_o a_o person_n invest_v with_o lawful_a authority_n be_v oblige_v to_o a_o willing_a undergo_n of_o the_o punishment_n yea_o and_o with_o some_o cooperation_n of_o his_o own_o if_o this_o cooperation_n be_v not_o against_o the_o law_n of_o humanity_n though_o otherwise_o very_o grievous_a and_o extreme_o painful_a for_o example_n sake_n if_o a_o offendor_n be_v command_v to_o pay_v a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n under_o the_o name_n of_o penalty_n or_o to_o depart_v the_o kingdom_n he_o be_v bind_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o law_n to_o the_o performance_n of_o it_o but_o if_o the_o punishment_n impose_v be_v not_o only_o grievous_a but_o something_o also_o that_o be_v inhuman_a as_o if_o a_o malefactor_n be_v command_v to_o scourge_v himself_o to_o cut_v off_o his_o own_o hand_n to_o drink_v poison_n or_o the_o like_a in_o these_o case_n the_o guilty_a person_n be_v oblige_v to_o undergo_v the_o punishment_n passive_o but_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v active_o to_o cooperate_v in_o it_o w_z ch_z he_o know_v to_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o law_n and_o which_o by_o his_o default_n he_o have_v deserve_v and_o let_v this_o suffice_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o promulgation_n of_o law_n and_o of_o the_o obligation_n of_o those_o penal_a law_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v any_o reference_n with_o the_o formal_a cause_n of_o law_n the_o nine_o lecture_n of_o the_o obligation_n of_o humane_a law_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o final_a cause_n thereof_o 1_o tim_n 2._o 2._o for_o king_n and_o for_o all_o that_o be_v in_o authority_n that_o we_o may_v lead_v a_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a life_n in_o all_o godliness_n and_o honesty_n in_o our_o former_a lecture_n we_o have_v treat_v of_o the_o obligation_n of_o humane_a law_n as_o to_o their_o material_a efficient_a and_o formal_a cause_n in_o some_o place_n peradventure_o more_o large_o and_o in_o other_o again_o peradventure_o more_o concise_o than_o be_v requisite_a it_o remain_v that_o we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o explication_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o do_v pertain_v to_o the_o final_a cause_n of_o law_n but_o before_o we_o do_v come_v to_o dissolve_v these_o doubt_n we_o be_v first_o to_o premise_v and_o pronounce_v as_o a_o undoubted_a truth_n that_o the_o ultimate_a end_n