Whether thou wilt or no when thou shalt in vaine call to rocks to hide thee into judgement If not in this life yet at thy death thy doomesday and at the judgement of the great day Jude 6. called The terror of the Lord 2 Cor. V. 10. Acts XVII 30. See Esay XXVIII 17. Therefore remove sorrow Sinne verse 10 which is the true cause of sorrow as the end will prove Prov. XIV 13. and the true cause of Gods indignation Or particularly this sinne of thy indignation and all inordinate passions thy swelling and storming at the will and wayes of God or at any serious advice given thee 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Remember 1. Chron. XXVIII 9. Prov. XXIII 17. thy Creator Heb. chapter XII verse 1 Creators Father Sonne and Holy Ghost So God my Makers Job XXXV 10. The Makers of Israel Psal. CXLIX 1. thy Makers is thy husbands Esay LIV. 5. Gods created Gen. I. 1. youth Youth is slippery prone to lusts and sensual pleasures apt to put off the evil day farre from them to look on death and judgement as at a great distance as evil men use to do Ezek. XII 27. Amos VI. 3. 2 Pet. III. 3 4. Solomon here calls on them to remember themselves better to minde God in the Spring of their age to present the first-fruits to God as young Samuel Jeremy and Timothy did and not to leave and reserve the dregs and snuffs to God while the evil dayes Old age is very unfit to begin so great a work in Old age will bring evils enough of its own besides While the Sunne Before the sight of thine eyes grow dimme Or verse 2 before thy most delightful and pleasant things begin to grow unwelcome unpleasant to thee The darknesse of lights about them as of the Sun candles torches c. Whence we need Spectacles Returning of the clouds after the raine alludes to the winterly state of old age In summer after raine the clouds break up and fair weather comes Not so in winter So in youth Not so in old age nor the clouds return One grief comes upon the neck of another as the billows of the sea wallow and tumble upon the back one of another A proverbial speech as Psal. XLII 7. the Keepers of the house The hands and armes verse 3 Some here take in the head and ribs and outward senses and inward faculties but not so properly strong men Thighs and legs Here some take in the feet Grinders The teeth They come not with us into the world And they commonly leave old men before they go out of the world look out of the windows The eyes out of the eye-lids darkened A further degree of dimnesse then that ver 2. And the doores Old men shall shut the street-dooers shall stay within doores because the weaknesse of their appetite and digestion when the sound of the grinding with the teeth was low and doth cause them to eat little and so weakens their bodies to stir abroad Others by streets here understand those Pipes and passages which are for the meat to go down to the stomach and for the breath and aire to go down to the lungs which passages have doores and covers which open and shut And these being weakened in old age breed weaknesse of the body and difficulty of swallowing and of speaking Those which stretch the words to the Hearing or to the eye-lids or to all the senses seeme to misse most of the true meaning doores Lips When for want of teeth the meat is rolled and ravelled in the mouth and hath need of shut lips to keep it from falling out of the mouth at the voice of the bird Shall wake out of sleep at every little noise through the badnesse of sleeping and wearines to lie long in bed by reason of little ease and much paine and akings daughters of musik That we can neither sing our selves nor be delighted with the musik of others 2 Sam. XIX 34 35. afraid of that which is high To go up it verse 5 being weak and short-winded And fear stumbling at every little stone in the way Both heights and hollows in the way annoy their goings almond-tree The gray-hairs which some call the white flowers of the Church-yard grashoppers Every light thing shall be a burthen to them who are now already become a burthen to themselves and desire shall faile The lust of the flesh libido As also the lust of the eye and the pride of life In decrepit age all these desires die though they reigned and raged in him before long home The grave his own house and long home Nox est perpetua Vna dormienda Esay XIV 18. never to returne hither again Job VII 10. But long to abide there till the Resurrection-day mourners Jer. IX 17. verse 6 and XXII 18. Amos V. 16. See Job III. 8. silver cord The marrow of the back-bone be loosed or lessened and contracted whence old men grow crooked and bending in the back Some take this for the sinewes which are the ligaments of all the members and are loosened by cold humours and palsie-distempers golden bowle The heart the blood of it or the pericardion or the brain pan pia-mater and pericranion Some understand this of the cista fellis the gaul and choler which easily breaks out in old men Some of the skull parted in the sâ—tures and seams of it diseases grow round as a bowle-golden for the colour and precious use of it in preserving the brains or the pitcher be broken at the fountain By fountain we may understand those principal parts as the Heart Head Liver from whence the vital supplies of spirit heat blood sense and motion are drawn into the body By Cisterne the same aforesaid or those places of the body whereinto those vital supplies are drawn and conveyed By the pitcher and wheele the veins arteries and sinewes which as subservient instruments do conveigh those supplies into the several parts of the body Some understand by the pitcher the bladder and by the cisterne the belly that neither duly performe their office by the fountaine or spring the issuing forth of the water the retentive faculty of the muskle at the neck of the bladder being broken so that water the urine issueth from him insensibly without stay the wheele broken at the cisterne The Lungs broken off from their motion of inspiration and respiration by phlegme from the stomach stopping and stifling the Lungs The Lungs are as the wheele transmitting the aire in and out up and down and when this free course is stopped then follows ratling in the throat and death after The stomach is the cisterne from all the body And the spirit shall returne Gen. II. 7. Joh XXXIV 14 15. verse 7 And even the wisest Heathen have avouched the immortality of the soul and a life of joy or paine after this life ended according to our carriage here So Socrates Plato Cicero Plutarch Epicharmus Euripides Lucretius Heraclitus Virgil and others
Begat Abram c. Began to beget as Gen. 5. 32. For Abram was borne in the one hundred and thirtieth yeare of his father Terah Terah dying at the age of two hundred and five in Haran ch 11. 31 32. and Abram being then seventy five years old as appears ch 12. 4. Acts 7. 4. Likely Haran was the eldest Nahor the second and Abram the youngest as the eldest likewise is named last ch 5. 32. V. 28. In Ur Nehem. 9. 7. Acts 7. 4. Ur signifieth fire which likely was worshipped by the idolatrous Chaldeans and some place or city received denomination from that idol Heathen Writers call it Orchoe it is the Easterne part of Mesopotamia when Mesopotamia is taken in a large sense comprehending â—haldea in it of the chaldees Given much to Astrology whence such are called Chaldeans Dan. 2. 2 4 5. Ur of the Chaldees Called Mesopotamia Acts 7. 2. V. 29. Milcah the daughter of Haran Not another Haran but Abrams eldest brother as appears by the next words He was elder then Abram sixty yeares the father of Milcah and the father of Iscah This Milcab was Grand-mother to Rebecca Isaacs wife Geâ— 22. 2â— 22 23. great Grandmother to Rachel and Leah Gen. 29. 10 12 13 16. This Ischa is Sarai the daughter i. e. the Grandchilde of Abrahams father but not the daughter i. e. the Grandchilde of his mother Terah having Haran her father by another wife then he had Abraham Gen. 20. 12. Nahor and Abraham marry their Neeces their brother Harans daughters and so Amran takes Jochebed his father Kohaths sister to wife Exod. 6. 20. Such marriages are forbidden Lev. 18. 12 14. however here by divine dispensation tolerated or not condemned V. 31. And Terah took Abram Abram first motioned this remove God having appeared to him in Ur of the Chaldees Acts 7. 2. Gen. 15. 7. And here begin the foure hundred and thirtie yeares at the end whereof the Israelite came out of Egypt Exod. 12. 41. Gal. 3. 17. Nahor came too though not mentioned here For he setled in Haran whence it is called Nahors City ch 24. 10. 29. 4. 28. 2 10. to Haran A City of Mesopotamia but not taking Mesopotamia in a strict sense as it is taken Act. 7. 2 3. Gen. 24 10. 28. 2 7 10. and dwelt there Likely through Terahs old age and sicknesse so long till they got substance and soules there ch 12. 5. See Judeth 5. 8 9. even five yeares as may be gathered out of the thirty yeares between Abrams calling out of Ur and the birth of Isaac See Annot. on ch 15. v. 13. CHAP. XII Ver. 1. HAd said For this seemes not to be a second Call But the Narration of the first Call out of Ur and the cause of their going forth of Ur ch 11. 31. and thy kindred If they had rather stay behinde thee then remove with thee will shew thee As he raised this righteous man from the East so he called him to his foot to follow him and his direction Esay 41. 2. Likely God bade him go to Canaan but told him not that that was the land intended for him till he came thither Heb. 11 8 Gen. 12. 7. And this was for the greater trial of his faith V. 2. A great Nation Yet Sarah now at sixty five was barren And under this is also a spiritual seed promised Rom. 4. 11 12. Gal. 3. 7. blesse thee Spiritually also Gal. 3. 14. thou shalt be Or be thou a blessing God will command a blessing as Ps. 42. 8. 44. 4. and so 133. 3. V. 3. And I will blesse Like to this is that of Isaac to Jacob Gen. 27. 29. and that of Balaâ—m to Israel Numb 24. 9. in thee In thy seed Christ Gen. 18. 18. 22. 18. Acts 3. 25 26. Gal. 3. 8 14. Thus the Gospel was preached unto Abraham Gal. 3. 8. From this Promise and Covenant made in Ur of the Chaldees to the giving of the Law which could not disannul it were foure hundred and thirty yeares Gal. 3. 17 18. V. 4. Departed Went out by faith not knowing whither he went Heb. 11. 8. and Lot went with him Terahs family and Nahor stayed here See Annotations on ch 11. 3â— Here they left following God and fell again to idolatry ch 31. 30 53. Josh. 24 2. Seventy five He lived one hundred yeares after ch 25. 7. And Isaac his sonne then seventy five yeares old being borne in the one hundredth yeare of Abrahams age ch 21. 5. is left heire of Canaan V. 5. Soules Likely divers were converted Proselytes considering his care of his family ch 18. 19. and their ready obedience to him ch 14. 14. and to Gods Ordinance of Circumcision ch 17. 23. Canaan Deut. 8. 7 8 9. This was the type of an Heavenly which Abraham looked for Heb. 11. 9 10. And in Salem a City of Canaan Melchisedech dwelled and reigned a Priest of the most High God V. 6. Sichem Where after the City Sichem was chap. 33. 18. about the midst of the countrey called Sichar in our Saviours time Joh. 4. 5 unto the Plaine Set with a grove of oakes Deut. 11. 30. the Canaanite When God promiseth the cleansing of his Church he saith the Canaanite shall be there no more Zach. 14. 21. V. 7. Unto thy seed Here he tells him this is the land intended for him and now doth promise it whereupon it is called the Land of Promise Heb. 11. 9. the Lords Land Hos. 9. 3. the Holy Land Zach. 2. 12. the Land of Immanuel Esay 8. 8. thy seed When as yet he had no childe Acts 7. 5. an Altar As Gen. 8. 20. V. 8. Bethel After so called at this time Luz ch 28. 19. Moses calls many places by the names which were afterwards given to them sitting his speech to the men of that age wherein himself lived West Sea is here put for the West as Desert for the South Ps. 75. 6. V. 9. South Next Egypt V. 10. Into Egypt Ps. 105. 13. V. 11. Faire Very faire v. 14. in her self but more comparing her with the Egyptian women though now she was sixty five yeares old V. 13. My sister Neece she being his brothers daughter his fathers Grand-childe persons so near of kin are usually called brothers and sisters sons and daughters Gen. 31. 28. Exod. 2. 18. which makes him say to Abimelech ch 20. 12. Indeed she is my sister But Abram praying her to conceale part of the truth and purposely that the Egyptians might not conceive her to be his wife bewrayeth weaknesse of faith and humane frailty fearing perhaps that if he should die without issue Gods Promise should not have taken place and therefore he exposeth her to danger to save himself though withal he might have some hope that God would prevent that mischief V. 15. The Princes Courtiers Pharaoh The common name of the Egyptian Kings as Abimelech of the Philistines and Caesar of the Roman Emperours They had other
Neh. XIII 23. A reason is given Deut. VII 4. Neh. XIII 26. Exod. XXXIV 16. The mischief of that marriage between Jehoram the sonne of Iehoshaphat King of Iudah and Athaliah the daughter of Ahab King of Israel is recorded 2 King VIII 18. Yet in case they became Proselytes Converts to the true Religion the marriage with all of them seemes lawful as in that case Deut. XXI 10 13. And in the case of Rahab and Ruth of the wife of Ioseph in Egypt of the wife of Moses of Maacah the daughter of the King of Geshur with David and of Pharaohs daughter with Solomon And this made Iacobs sonnes propound or pretend the condition of Circumcision to Shechem and the Shechemites Gen XXXIV 14 15 16. In the New Testament we read the prohibition 2 Cor. VI. 14. And the precept 1 Cor. VII 12 16. which rules touching Infidels seeme to serve for the case of grosse Hereticks and Apostates Against unlawful marriages see more Iudg. III. 6 7. and XIV 2 3. 1 King XI 2. Ezra IX and X. Chapters Neh. X. 30. and XIII 3 30. Rayment The rayment waxing not old on the Israelites in the Wildernesse chapter VIII verse 4 was a Miracle sufficient though it grew not greater still with the growing children Deut. XXIX 5. Neh. IX 21. This day Is taken somtimes properly somtimes as for a short time here Somtimes for a longer time indefinitely as Hester I. 18. And the Phrase since yesterday and the third day is sometimes taken properly or for a short time Gen. XXXI 2 5. Exod. IV. 10. and XXI 36. 2 Sam. III. 17. Iob. VIII 9. Sometimes for a long time 1 Sam. XIV 21. and XIX 7. 2 King XIII 5. 1 Chron XI 2. As likewise to morrow is taken sometimes for a short time as 1 Sam. XXVIII 19. Sometimes for a long time as Josh. IV. 6 21. Sometimes for never Iosh. III. 4. 1 Sam. IV. 7. Of to day and to morrow see Iosh. XXII 18. and IV. 6 21. Esay XXII 13. Matth. 6. 30. 1 Cor. XV. 32. Arke Besides that famous Arke for the Tables of the Covenant chapter X verse 1 4. Exod. XXXVII 1 c. There seemes here one formerly made for present use wherein the Tables by Gods commandment were first put And possibly this Arke with the Tables might be put into that famous Arke built afterwards Exod. XXXVII Deut. X 5. Journey These verses seeme to be as a Parenthesis inserted by Moses verse 6 9. And their journeys summarily mentioned v. 6 7. are more distinctly and orderly recorded Num. XXXIII 30 39. without any coming or returning again and again to one and the same place Altars Idolaters had their Priests chapter XII verse 3 Temples Altars Tables Lavers Pillars Groves Oaks Statues Images of wood stone and mettals carved graven molten in Cities and Townes in streets in fields and gardens in houses and on their tops in Gods house in chambers behinde the doores by rivers and rocks and caves upon high mountains and hills and valleys and under green trees with their several sorts of Scrifices and burnings even slaying their children to them Jer. VII 31. XIX 5. Ezek. XVI 20 21. and XX. 26 31. Feasts Incense costly cloathes and other services of them See Deut. VII 5. and XII 31. and sundry other places as Esay I. 29. and LVII 4 5 6 7 8. and LXV 3 4 11. and LXVI 3. Amos II. 8. 1 Cor. VIII 10. and X. 21. Jer. X. 9. XVII 2. And see their eager rage after idolatry Ezek. XVI 15 25 26 28 29 30 31. A poor man Private poor rather then publick beggars were chapter XV verse 7 11. and still will be among Gods people Matth. XXVI 11. For ever Ever hath reference verse 17 sometimes to a long time indefinitely Exod. XXI 6. 1 Sam. I. 22. and XXV II. 12. 2 King V. 27. 2 Chron. XIII 5. Psal. XXXVII 18 27. and LXXXIX 1 Esay XIII 20. and XIV 20. and XXV 8. and XXXIII 20. and XXXIV 10. Jer. VII and XVII 4 25. and XXV 5. and XXXI 40. and XXXV 19. and L. 39. and LI. 26 62. Lam. V. 20. Sometimes to the terme of a mans life 1 Kings I. 31. Dan. III. 9. Josh. 8. 28. Gen. XLIII 9. 1 Sam. I. 22. 1 Chron. XXVIII 4. Psal. XXXVII 27 29. and CXIX 44 98. Esay XXXII 17. Sometimes to the year of Jubile As in this Text and Exod. XXI 6. compared with Levit. XXV 40. Sometimes to so long as the conditions annexed to a thing are observed 2 Chron. XX. 7. 1 Sam. II. 30. Sometimes to the continuance of a State of politie Num. X. 8. See the Annotations on 1 Kings VIII 13. Sometimes to the Time and Coming of the Messiah 1 Chron. XV. 2. and XVII 12 14 22 23 27. and in many places of the Prophets Sometimes to eternity Exod. III. 15. and XV. 18. Deut. XXXII 40. Luke I. 33. And so never is taken sometimes for a long time sometimes for almost all times of a mans life Luke XV. 29. Sometimes for a mans life 2 Sam. XII 10. Sometimes for eternity The flock and the herd Oxen chapter XVI verse 2 Kids Sheep and Bulloks were used in the Feast of the Passeover that is in the Feast of Unleavened bread the bread of affliction for seven dayes Exod. XIII 6 7. Num. XXVIII 16 24. 2 Chron. XXXV 7 8. 9. and Ch. XXX 24. All which Festival time is called the Passeover and so Joh. XVIII 28. A Lamb or a Kid might be used for the Passeover properly so called on the fourteenth day at the going down of the Sunne Exod. XII 5. Deut. XVI 6. A matter too hard As Judges and Officers were to be appointed in all Cities in Canaan chapter XVII verse 8 13. Deut. XVI 18 19 20. So here the highest Court of Judicature over the whole Land in difficult Causes and for matters of Appeal was appointed to be in that one place which the Lord should choose which in after-times appeared to be the City Jerusalem And here it is not sure and evident whether this Supreme Court were to be one mixt of the Priests and the Civil Judge joyntly Or though this not so likely two distinct Courts Ecclesiastical and Civil both Supreme in their kinde Judgement of death was awarded upon presumptuous disobedience to their Sentence And more of this Supreme Court Moses doth not deliver Yet upon this the Jewes in after-ages grounded their great Sanhedrin in Jerusalem and not upon the LXX Num. XI For those were onely added to assist Moses in his troublesome government of that unruly Campe of the Jewes in the Wildernesse as likewise those Rulers and Judges Exod. XVIII The Priests due Of the very great maintenance of the Priests verse 3 see on Num. chapter XVIII XVIII 24. Three Cities more Three other Cities of Refuge chapter XIX verse 9 over and above the six here allowed and conditionally enjoyned Yet we never read more of them that they were separated and set out
it could not brook it And the rather because Haman was of that cursed stock which God would have rooted out for their bitter emnity against the Jews Yet Mordecai's humility appears in returning to the Kings gate his ordinary standing and calling presently after his so high advancement in chap. VI. 6 12. had told them that he was a Jew This he did to satisfie them verse 4 and justifie himself which shewed the true cause of his refusal and moved Haman to such wrath all the Jewes Wrath raging verse 6 and unmeasurable the rather out of his inveterate hatred against all Jewes Nisan Nisan is the Chaldee name And Abib the Hebrew name verse 7 of the first moneth whereunto our March doth mostwhat answer In which moneth the Lots were cast that shewed Adar the twelfth moneth to be the luckie moneth for executing that bloody Decree The Commandment for which bloody butchery was issued forth on the thirteenth day of the foresaid Nisan chap. III. 12. from moneth to moneth All this was or might be done in one day Adar Whereunto our February mostwhat answereth as beginning on the eleventh day of our moneth scattered abroad Not into Babylon only verse 8 but also into Persia and all the many Provinces of it And there remained behinde after the Proclamation of Cyrus and the Returne made with Zerubbabel Ezra II. Amighty scattering though this comprehend the ten Tribes also And a shameful neglect of the Jewes in not Returning to suffer them Lest they infect and infest the Kings good subjects I will pay The Jewes paid great tributes to the King verse 9 In recompence of that losse if they were destroyed Haman would pay this great summe Ten thousand Talents The ten thousand Talents at three hundred seventy five pound the Talent comes to 3750000. See Observations on Eoxd XXXVIII 24. to the hands Of the Kings treasurers his Ring See chap. verse 10 VIII 2 8. Gen. XLI 42. Luke XV. 22. 1 King XXI 8. Dan. VI. 17. given unto thee The grace of Favourites verse 11 first moneth All haste used verse 12 Malice expedites mischief young and old Monstrous cruelty verse 13 twelfth moneth Delayed so long because of the lot ver 7. else folly in Haman to have made so long a delay Gods Providence seene in ordering the lot so as there might be so long a time between the decree and the execution for the using of means to prevent it for a prey To encourage the enemies and murderers Which prey the Jewes in their case punctualy abstained from chap. 8. 11. and ch IX 10 15 16. sent raiment That he might be fit to come into the Court chapter IV verse 4 ver 2. and unto her who is not called This custome and law was partly for state and honour verse 11 partly for safety and security Some had a general calling and licence by their places and offices about the King but this extended not to the Queen her self deliverance arise Mordecai's faith and confidence verse 14 but thou Mordecai's peremptorinesse with Esther in such a case of extremity ver 13. And assuring her of certain danger and destruction from God if she insisted on pretended danger from the King three dayes verse 16 night or day Of Fasting see the Annotations on Joel I. 14. This length of time might be endured in that hot Countrey and in a case of such extremity yet see chap. V. 1. Haman might well know of the Jewes fasting and mourning in Shushan But not of this of Esthers and her maids likewise But not three whole dayes chap. V. 1. and if I perish She might suspect her countenance lesse beautiful upon her Fasting and remember the Kings rigor against Vasthi yet this is her pious resolution See Gen. XLIII 14. on the third day chapter V verse 1 Whiles they in Shushan continued the Fast. his royal throne She takes the time when most likely she might finde the King and have accesse half of the Kingdome Again verse 3 ver 6. and chap. VII 2. So Herod Mark VI. 23. a kinde of Proverbial speech not literaly to be taken the King and Haman Both together verse 4 that she might accuse him face to face before the King and so prevent delayes or mediations to morrow Gods secret and over-ruling hand of Providence herein verse 8 nor moved for him It seemes lesse respect used now then before verse 9 else Haman belies him And hither Mordecai comes now without sackcloth on the third day of the Feast upon just causes no doubt of fifty Cubits high Monstrous high verse 14 and suddenly erected on that night Gods wondrous Providence chapter VI verse 1 See the like 1 Sam. XXIII 27. 1 Kings XXII 34. Seene as in Esthers putting off her Petition to the next day so here in his ordering the Kings waking and hearing the Chronicles read That so the advancement of Mordecai might intervene Of Gods Providence see in the four living Wights and in the Wheeles Ezek. I. 5 25. and X. 12. read Likely reading to one in bed makes him sleep the sooner to Mordecai the Jew So that the King knew Mordecai to be a Jew verse 10 and could not forget his Grant to Haman against them and yet thus honours him nothing fail Yet the Crowne is not mentioned verse 11 ver 11. Then took Haman Without any replies excuses or objections made begun to fall One Favourite falls at the rising of another verse 13 yet talking High time it was considering the businesse already past on that day verse 14 could not countervaile the Kings damage chapter VII verse 4 The Jewes were many wayes very advantagious to the Persian Monarchs as the Israelites were to Pharaoh in Egypt upon the bed For the banquet verse 8 chap. I. 6. will he force Likely Haman might clasp her feet in his hands to shew the earnestnesse of his Petition for his life that he would not let her go without granting him some favour See 2 Kings IV. 27. Matth. XXVIII 9. covered Hamans face See Job IX 24. 2 Sam. XV. 30. Ezek. XII 6 12. as unworthy to see the Kings face verse 9 or to be seene himself hang The Kings word in those dayes was warrant enough pacified He was not sorry for it afterwards On that day chapter VIII verse 1 The very same day wherein the things in the former Chapter were done the house And his estate as escheated to the King came before the King As one of those chap. I. 14. had told And so the Kings kinsmanby marriage Esther spake yet again Esthers zealous care for the safety of Gods people the Jewes still appears verse 3 after Hamans hanging and Mordecai's advancement in the seconding of her Petition on their behalf with kneeling and tears formerly not mentioned to be used by her to the King golden Scepter She ventures again to go in uncalled verse 4 for her peoples sake See chap. IV. 11. and chap. V. 2. write ye This is another way verse 8 For
properties and qualifications stand in awe and sinne not Ephes. IV. 26. verse 4 Be anrgy and sinne not And that sense the word here used will bear David speaking thus to his friends Let not your indignation and just resentment of these scandals and confusions in my sufferings proceed to a sinful murmuring against God but consider of it wisely in your most retired thoughts and be silent contented and quiet into thy house chapter V verse 7 So farre as it was lawful for David toward thy holy Temple And so David Psal. XXVII 4. and XXIX 9. and LXV 4. and LXVIII 29. and CXXXVIII 2. And yet in Davids dayes the Temple was not built He minded that which after his dayes he knew presently should be And meane time he stiles the Arke or Tabernacle by the name of the Temple See the Observations on Exod. XXXIII 7. rebuke me not Psal. chapter VI verse 1 XXXVIII 1. heale me David was in some soar sicknesse at this time verse 2 bed to swim See the Observations on Josh. XI 4. verse 6 If I have done this Whereof Cush Sauls Courtier or Favourite chapter VII verse 3 one of his Tribe doth falsely accuse me return thou on high To ascend verse 7 and set thy self on thy high tribunal and judgement-seat 1 Kings X. 19. And this to judge for me and against Cush as it followeth in the rest of the Psalme Out of the mouth This is alluded to Mat. chapter VIII verse 2 XXI 16. What is man This verse 4 and ver 5 6. are applied to Christ by the Apostle Heb. II. 6 9. 1 Cor. XV. 27. Ephes. I. 22. so taking in both Christ the head and mankinde specialy the faithful as members shewing thereby that mysticaly and propheticaly in these words is intimated the humiliation and exaltation of the man Christ Jesus O thou enemie A kinde of scoff and derision chapter IX verse 6 whereby David upbraids him for his bloody designes and threats Know thy name will Know experimentaly verse 10 practicaly verse 20. in all their hearts and souls in themselves as the phrases of Scripture are Josh. XXIII 14. 1 Sam. VI. 9. Heb. X. 34. Of this knowledge is that Iohn XVII 3. and 1 Iohn II. 3 4 5. and chap. III. 19 24. and chap. IV. 6 7 8 13. and chap. V. 2. 18 19. 20. Noëtical speculative knowledge swimming only in the braine and not sinking into the heart is none of this knowledge till thou finde none Rid the world of them chapter X verse 15 and their sinnes at once flee a bird 1 Sam. chapter XI verse 1 XXVI 19. If the foundations In Church and Kingdome verse 3 what can He help but suffer in such a general ruine The fool Psal. chapter XIV verse 1 X. 4. and LIII 1. The three first verses of this Psalme are by Saint Paul applied to all mankinde in general in the state of the Fall and natural corruption Rom. III. 10 11 12. usury Of this see Exod. chapter XV verse 5 XXII 25. Levit. XXV 36 37. Deut. XXIII 19 20. Neh. V. 17. Levit. XXVIII 8. And the Annotations on Ezek. XVIII 8. and XXII 12 13. Mat. XXV 27. that hasten Or give gifts to another god chapter XVI verse 4 See Ezek. XVI 33 34. The true God needs them not ver 2. But false gods do which gifts do redound in the end to the dammage and sorrowes of the givers their drink-offerings of blood Their Offerings and Sacrifices of mans blood The drink-offerings to the true God were of wine according to his Law Num. XV. 5. But Idolaters in stead thereof did many times offer mans blood Pauls readinesse to be offered Phil. II. 17. 2 Tim. IV. 6. imports no more then his willingnesse to die and spend his blood for Christs cause and the good of his Church and people their names See the Observations on Josh. XXIII 7. I have set the Lord Acts II. 25 31. verse 8 and XIII 35 37. David speaks here of himself in this regard as having Christ in his loins in a Prophetical spirit relating to Christ. right hand Psal. CIX 31. CX 5. CXXI 5. not be moved Psal. CXVIII 6. CXXXV 1. Rom. VIII 31 c. my glory My tongue verse 9 Acts II. 26. Psal. XXX 12. and LVII 8. and CVIII 2. Gen. XLIX 6. my flesh also As Rom. VIII 19. 21. my soul in hell A Prophesie of Christs Resurrection verse 10 David speaks here in the Person of Christ. Soul Sometimes is taken properly sometimes improperly for the whole person of man Gen. XIV 12. Acts XXVII 37. sometimes for the life of the person sometimes for the body Gen. XVII 21. sometimes for the dead carkasse Levit. XIX 28. and XXI 1 2. Num. VI. 6. and V. 2 9 10. Hag. II. 14. And so 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is taken also Here my soul i. e. my self hell the Hebrew 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is taken for the grave Psal. CXLI 7. and LXXXVI 13. and XXX 13. and LV. 15. Gen. XXXVII 35. and XLII 3. 1 Kings II. 6 9. Num. XVI 30. Jonah II. 1 2. Not for a place of souls under the earth See Doctor Rainolds Praelect 81. 82. upon the Apocryphal books and Robert Parker upon Christs Descent into hell 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is taken for death or the state of the dead for the place invisible for the grave in relation to the body Acts II. 27. And in relation to the soul for heaven to the godly soul as in our Creed and for Hell to the soul ungodly and so most usualy Christs soul did not descend to the lower parts or that imaginary place of Limbus Patrum This place here meant is a place of punishment and therefore it is mentioned as a mercy that Christ was thence delivered Christs soul was not therefore there in triumph The scope of the Apostles in citing this place is not to deale about the deliverance of Christs soul out of Hell but punctualy of Christs Resurrection They inferre nothing else out of this Text. But Resurrection is properly of the Body not of the Soul Gehenna is sometimes taken for the Grave and most-times further for Hell it self The true meaning and sense of the Article of Christs Descent into Hell as the Latines very improperly translate the words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 seemes to be thus rendered rather he went into the place of invisible souls and to be understood of Christs Soul for his body remained in the Grave And his soul in that interim to passe to the place of souls to Heaven or Paradise as the souls of the godly did and his principaly As the souls of the wicked went to Hell For 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as a general name doth certainly and evidently signifie both places And thus the Articles go on methodicaly without any tautologie That after Christs death his body was buried in the Grave his Soul went to the place of blessed souls and the third day both soul and body were
remembred Gods former mercies verse 9 he now bemoans their present miseries for want of Gods help So Psal. LXXXIX Yet They professe their integrity verse 17 neither In Hebrew it is verse 18 and. But this particle is divers times taken to signifie neither And so Psal. L. 8. and Prov. XXXI 3. Esay XLI 28. and chap. XXVIII 27 28. See the Cinnus p. 182 183. for thy sake are Applied by Saint Paul to the present state and condition of himself verse 22 the Apostles and Christians in their times Rom. VIII 36. Awake They beg his help and mercie a song of loves A marriage song or Epithalamion of the well-be-loved Virgins verse 9 chapter XLV verse 23 10 14 sung by them To this Hymne we may apply those words Ephes. V. 32. It setteth forth Christ in his glory and his Spouse the Church in her beauty See Heb. I. 8. John III. 29. Apoc. XXI 9 10. Typified here in Solomon and Pharaohs daughter wherein yet some things are proper only to the Antitype My heart Matth. XII 34. touching the King My Poëms of the King verse 1 He the matter subject of this Song Thou art fairer Cant. V. 10 16. verse 2 John I. 16. Heb. VII 26. lips Cant. V. 13. Luke IV. 22. Esay L. 4. John I. 18. and III. 37. gird thy sword The spiritual sword is the Word of God Ephes. VI. 17. verse 3 Therefore Christs sword properly cometh out of his mouth Apoc. I. 16. And with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked Esay XI 4. ride prosperously As in a triumphant Chariot verse 4 Esay LIII 10. because of truth c. Sitting and riding as it were upon these three royal vertues and graces they as it were drawing the Chariot truth Ephes. I. 13. Prov. XX. 28. Meeknesse Matth. XXI 5. and chap. XI 29. and chap. XII 19 20. Esay XLII 2. Zech. IX 9. righteousnesse Verse 7. Dan. IX 24. teach thee Experimentaly by its own actings Psal. XCVIII 1. Esay LXIII 5. Thine arrows Heb. IV. 12. 2 Cor. II. 14 15. and X. 4 5. verse 5 This verse not so properly suits to Solomon or befits him Therefore a greater then Solomon is here Matth. XII 42. Esay XLIX 2. Of these arrows is that true 2 Sam. I. 22. and 2 King XIII 17. Thy Throne Heb. I. 8. 2 Sam. VII 16. Psal. X. 16. Esay IX 7. Luke I. 33. Dan. III. 44 45. and VII 14 Psal. CXLV 13. John XVIII 36. verse 6 Neither doth this sixth verse properly pertain to Solomon either for the perpetuity of his Throne or righteousnesse of his Scepter But to Christ who is here called God the Scepter Esay XI verse 7 3 4. Psal. XCVI 10. Thou lovest righteousnesse Esay XI 3 4 5. and chap. IX 7. and LXI 8. Therefore To that end and purpose anointed not anointed for that cause and merit because he loved righteousnesse As Esay LXI 1. And so is therefore to be understood in the second verse aforegoing So Gen. XVIII 5. and XIX 8. God thy God The first of these may be read either in the Nominative or Vocative case The later is God anointing who is truly the God of the Messias as Psal. XXII 1. hath anointed God anointed him to his Offices of Prophet Priest and King as such Officers were of old anointed Exod. XXIX 7. 1 Sam. IX 16. 1 King XIX 17. But this anointing here is to be understood of spiritual inward invisible anointing Acts X. 37 38. And so Psal. CV 15. The Patriarchs are stiled anointed who never were so outwardly with material oile And this spiritual Anointing here is the superabundant infusion of the gifts and graces of the holy Ghost not into the Divine nature of Christ properly which is incapable of grace infused or of having any thing added to it but into his Humane nature plentifuly furnishing him with all abilities and graces for his execution of his said Offices Luke IV. 17 21. Esay LXI 1. Dan. IX 24. Yet as he is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Emmanuel the Mediatour reserving ever the property of either nature intire to it self He may be said to be anionted in both natures taking anointed in that sense as it denotes the designation and inauguration of him to his said Offices And this Anointing may be appliable specialy to the time of his Incarnation of his Baptisme and of his Rising from the dead above thy fellows Both Kings Priests and Prophets Psal. LXXXIX 27. above all his fellows in nature Heb. II. 14. in Christian Prerogatives 1 John II. 20 27. Apoc. I. 6. 1 Pet. II. 5 9. And this both extensively and intensively Esay XI 2. John I. 16. and III. 24. garments Are odoriferous verse 8 as these aromatique spices and smels ot by suffumigation of them out of the Ivory palaces 2 Kings XXII 39. Amos III. 15. 1 Kings X. 20. Meaning that either the King cometh out of them as the bridegroome like that Psal. XIX 5. Or that the garments were taken out of such palaces or coffers Whereby they have made thee glad By those odoriferous smels and perfumes Prov. XXVII 9. Or those that meet thee or the bridegromes friends John III. 29. by their joyful acclamations and congratulations Or as some more then theirs that make thee glad i. e. thy garments more odoriferous then theirs thy fellows and friends All this was true in Solomon literaly Much more in Christ spiritualy and mysticaly Whereof his Spouse makes use Cant. I. 3. Esay LXI 10. Kings daughters The daughters of minor-Kings verse 9 or great Princes or such as for their deportment port and abiliments might be so esteemed As Judg. VIII 18. thy honourable women Those beloved Virgins intimated in the Title honoured also by their invitation to this marriage and honouring it as the brides maids thy right hand The prime place next the King as the left hand is the second place the King being in the middle So Bathsheba 1 King II. 19. So Christ in respect of his Humanity Matth. XXVI 65. did stand Or sit had her seat or station So both standing and sitting on Gods right hand in one and the same sense are ascribed to our Saviour Mark XVI 19. Acts VII 56. For us See Ephes. II. 6. the Queene This royal and honourable English word is very nigh the dishonest name of a Queane And so the Hebrew word here used 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for a Queene a wife is very nigh to the unseemely word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for which the Massorets as more mannerly forsooth still in the margin put another word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Deut. XXVIII 30. Esay XIII 16. Zech. XIV 2. Jer. III. 2. in gold In cloath of gold of threads of gold of fine glistering gold with rings chains and bracelets of gold the most pure and splendent gold Job XXXI 24. Cant. V. 11. Dan. X. V. Of the several names of gold in the Hebrew see the Annotations on Job XXVIII 15 19. of Ophir See the Observations on
and some other passages this Psalme may seeme not to be composed by David but by some later inspired Prophet the Heathen This Psalme seemes composed chapter LXXIX verse 1 not in the times of Antiochus Epiphanes but in the times of the Babylonish captivity rather Bemoaning those miseries which were brought upon them by those barbarous Babylonians Poure Ier. X. 25. verse 6 our neighbours seven-fold That did not pitie us in our calamity verse 12 but insulted over us Gen. IV. 15 24. Esay LXV 6 7. Shoshannim Eduth See the Observations on Psal. chapter LXXX LX. 1. and XLV 1. some make Eduth here which signifieth a testimony to import the Churches testimony and profession of her faith in the promise of God for her deliverance out of the Babylonish captivity at the end of seventy years Ier. XXIX 10. And so this Psalme to be made in the time of that captivity Asaph See the Observations on Psal. L. upon the man of thy right hand Thy beloved one verse 17 as Benjamin was Gen. XXXV 18. And here may be meant David in his posterity Psal. CXXXII 10 11. and LXXXIX 19 20 21 35. Or Zerubbabel particularly But both as shadowes and types of Christ the substance principaly intended Col. I. 13. Psal. XLV 3. Luke XXIV 19. Heb. II. 18. in the new moone chapter LXXXI verse 3 This Psalme seemes sung at the Jewish Feasts When he went Or had gone I heard a language Was a stranger in the secret place of thunder In that pillar of a cloud verse 7 Exod. XIV 24. haply troubling the Egyptians with thunder lightning and tempest Psal. LXXVII 17 18. gave them up See the Observations on Esay VI. 9. verse 12 congregation of the mighty Assembly chapter LXXXII verse 1 Assise and Session of God of Magistrates whose office is the Ordinance of God Rom. XIII 1 2. and they so called gods Exod. XXII 8 9 28. John X. 34 35. And the cause before them the cause of God Deut. I. 17. 2 Chron. XIX 6. all the foundations Lawes verse 5 Orders estates are all in confusion turned up-side down Alledged by our Saviour verse 6 Iohn X. 34. like men As Adam did verse 7 As Hos. VI. 7. Iob XXXI 33. But rather the sense is more general ye shall die as other men do that last line of death shall put an end to your height and haughtinesse Psal. CXLVI 3 4. Ye die as the meanest men do for so the word is most what taken specialy when it is put in opposition as here Psal. XLIX 2. and LXII 9. Esay II. 9. and V. 15. Death makes no distinction between man and man as is excellently expressed by Heathen Poets die all shall equaly and alike one with another like one of the Princes As one of the other Princes of the world as other mortal men as one or any one even the meanest who among the rest of men make but a number as it were A Song as Psalme See the Observations on Psal. chapter LXXXIII XLVIII title This Song seems composed and inspired as a forme of Prayer when the Church and people of the Jewes were in great danger by many enemies conspiring against them to destroy them And this likely either in the dayes of David 2 Sam. VIII or rather long after Davids time in the dayes of Jehoshaphat or of Ezekiah thy hidden ones Hidden as his peculiar treasure verse 3 Exod. XIX 5. secret preserved under the shadow of his wings Psal. XVII 8. XXVII 5. and XXXI 20. Whose life also is hid with Christ in God Col. III. 3. Hagarens And Hagarites verse 6 1 Chro. V. 10 19 20. So called from Hagar the mother of Ishmael Gen. 16. Gebal The Giblites verse 7 near Sidon whence Solomon had stone-cutters 1 Kings V. 18. Ezek. XXVII 9. See Josh. XIII 5. Endor In Manasseh verse 10 East from Dor which lay on the mid-land sea Saul goeth to a Witch at Endor which indeed was not farre from the mountains of Gilboa where Saul was slaine Taanach and Megiddo not far from it whose name alone is Jehovah Which hath his being of himself verse 18 Exod. III. 14. Deut. VI. 4. An eternal Being Esay XLIV 6. Apoc. I. 4 8. and IV. 8. and XI 17. and XVI 5. And giveth being to all things Acts XVII 25. to his word and promises and threatnings Exod. VI. 3. Ezek. VII 27. See the Observations on Esay XXVI 4 of Jehovi see the Observations on Psal. LXXI 5. Of Jah see the Observations on Psal. LXVIII 4. Gittith So Psal. chapter LXXXIV VIII and LXXXI And Obed-Edom a Levite and Porter or Singer in the Tabernacle is called a Gittite 2 Sam. VI. 10. haply from Gath-rimmon a Citie of the Levites Iosh. XXI 25. And there is Gath a Citie of the Philistines The word then may signifie an Instrument of musick not such as our Gitterne such as was used in Gath or rather used by the posterity of Obed-Edom the Gittite Or it may import that those three Psalmes were sung upon occasion of Davids removing the Ark from Kiriathjearim to the house of Obed-Edom the Gittite and from thence to Jerusalem 1 Chron. XIII and XV. chapters More certaintie is not found out Korah See the Observations on Psal. XLII Title thine Altars The places near them might haply become the nests of birds verse 3 Josh. XXIV 26. Or this may relate to the Psalmists longing and crying after them by an abrupt and pathetical exclamation and naming of them Oh thine Altars thine Altars not yet excluding the force of that argument from the birds nestling either near or elsewhere Some hence conceive That this Psalme was penned by David in the time of his Exile and banishment from Gods house and service by the means of Saul verse 9. not so likely of Absalom the wayes of them Of the travellers that go up to God house verse 5 and of such as have liberty so to do or the high-wayes and causies themselves that leade to thy house of Baca Or Mulberry trees verse 6 which use to grow in dry places A valley of this name was nigh Jerusalem 2 Sam. V. 22 23. Joshua XV. 8. make it a Well By digging Wells therein for water no drought or difficulties shall hinder them from coming to Gods house but they will break through them Or make him a Well that is God in stead of a Well to them Jer. II. 13. and XVII 13. Psal. XXXVI 9. the rain also filleth the pools Which they digged God so provides for them Or the bountiful rain of Gods blessings of grace and comfort shall cover and comfort them from strength to strength increasing so verse 7 as Rom. I. 17. 2. Cor. III. 18. Or from company to company from troop to troop as by troops they came up to Gods house thrice a year of thine anointed David the type verse 9 Messiah the truth a door-keeper Fixt and a servant verse 10 in the meanest office there then to be free and frolick and flourishing
and comforts signe Monument Memorial Trophie an everlasting honour to God and a signe to his Church of his mercie to her Keep ye judgement chapter LVI God admonisheth his people to do that whereby they may obtaine a part in the favours and mercies last mentioned verse 1 Neither let the Sonne of the stranger He comforts the Proselyte verse 3 and Eunuch The Partition-wall should be broken down under the Messias a Name better Of great honour verse 5 and more durable an everlasting Name that should more then countervaile the other defect yet will Igather others to him John X. verse 8 16. Acts X. 34 35. All ye beasts Here seemes to begin a new Sermon verse 9 Declaring againe Gods most fearful judgements upon his People by their enemies the Babylonians especialy and those that served under them And that for the manifold shameful sinnes of the Jewish watch-men Shepherds and Seers The righteous perisheth Esay here inserts somewhat for the Comfort of the godly chapter LVII verse 1 though by death taken away in those sad times The wicked nothing heeding Gods hand and end in it from the evil to come As was the sonne of Jeroboam 1 Kings XIV 12 13. and good Josiah 2 Kings XXII 20. the evil in the general ruine of the State and deportation of the people But draw neere Esay returnes now to the surviving wicked ones verse 3 as having another maner of errand to them in lively colours laying out their abominable courses are ye not c Deny it if ye can verse 4. 5. 6. slaying the children 2 Kings XVI 3. Psal. CVI. 37 38. is thy portion Thine Altars and thine Idol-service is thy portion that thou choosest and delightest in As God is to his people Psalme XVI 5 6. a drink-offering Used and annexed to most Kinds of sacrifices Of this kind were those Jer. VII 18. and XLIV 19. offered to the Queen of heaven And thou wentest to the King i. e. verse 9 Kings collectively for forreign aid and succour unto hell Abasing thy self to them in most servile maner thou hast found the life of thine hand Thou still imaginest so to do verse 10 and thinkest thou hast found sufficient means and aids to support thee and to strengthen thine hand And therefore thou wast not grieved in so doing And of whom Whom needest thou to have feared verse 11 and sought for forreign aid if thou hadst feared me hast lyed And dealt disloyaly with me my peace even of old My Lenity thou abusest thy righteousnesse As thou esteemest it verse 12. 13. But I so call it ironicaly let thy companies deliver thee Thy troopes of strangers or strange gods Judg. X. 13 14. And he shall say God verse 14. 16. or it shall be said for the spirit should faile This moveth God in way of commiseration to stay his hand Psal LXXVIII 38 39. and LXXXIX 47. and will heale him For my own Names sake verse 18 and free mercie notwithstanding his frowardnesse and crosse and contrary wayes Peace verse 19 Peace Whereas before was no speech but of warre Now it shall be of abundant peace and prosperity and consequently of praise and thanksgiving The fuller complement of this is under the Messias in the Gospel In this Chapter Esay reproves them mainly for their Hypocrisie in Fasting chapter LVIII and take delight They seeme so to do verse 2. 3. you finde pleasure You do not break off your sinful desires minds pleasures and purposes but persist still in a purpose to pursue them though haply not upon the very day of the Fast to act them and exact all your labours Debts and services with all rigour for strife and debate Your fastings end in verse 4 and are seconded with vexatious suits quarrels and brawles to make your voice to be heard on high By your loud clamours used in your prayers in the times of fasting Or that God on high should by fasting be induced to hear your voice and grant your requests Is not this the Fast When it is joyned with reformation and amendment of your lives verse 6 As Acts X. 2 4. Then shalt thou call Then no cause to complaine verse 9 as verse 3. the putting forth of the finger Forbearing not acts of violence and threatening termes only but even all gestures and expressions of that kinde whatsoever and makes fat thy bones Fill them with marrow verse 11 arme and strengthen them the old waste places Of Jerusalem verse 12 and the Cities of Judah and other like places thy soot from the Sabbath Thy affections and wayes which would pollute the Sabbath Whether it be the yearly or the weekly Sabbath a delight See Psal. XXVII 4. and XXXVI 8. and XLII 1 2 4. and XLIII 2 3 4. and LXV 1 5. and LXXXIV and CXXII 1 2. honour him In it by sanctifying him and it thine own wayes Wicked works and courses nor speaking thine own words Those verse 9. to ride upon the high places of the earth Aloft verse 14 in places of security and safety ch XXXIII 16. Deut. XXXII 13. This Chapter relates their various enormous iniquities chapter LIX and them to be the causes of their sad calamities verse 1 15. And a promise to the faithful ones of deliverance from them and of spiritual mercies and blessings in and from the Messias ver 16 21. is not shortened Either to hear verse 1 and help you out of those calamities or to make good those large and liberal blessings promised upon your repentance spiders web To entangle and destroy others verse 5 he that eateth There is no safe dealing any way with them Their feet Rom. verse 7. 8. III. 15 16 17. not know peace Experimentaly to have and enjoy it See Phil. III. 10. Apoc. II. 17. Therefore is judgement farre from us God stands off farre from you verse 9 neither executing judgement and vengeance on your enemies nor protecting you against their wrongs our transgressions are with us Stick close to us verse 12 we cannot shun or shift them off is fallen For want of support verse 14 cannot enter But is shut out by violence a prey He cannot be safe verse 15. 16. that will not be wicked wondered Spoken in an humane straine Rom. III. 9 19. the Apostle concludes hereupon the universal depravation of man-kind in his natural condition no intercessor No interpoâ—er his arme He did the work alone himself brought salvation Temporal vers 17 18 19. Spiritual verse 20 21. breast-plate Here is God verse 17. 18. 20. as a man of armes repay Vengeance to the enemies of his people And the Redeemer Rom. XI 26. the Apostle applies this verse to Christ and the conversion of the Jewes when the fulnesse of the Gentiles be come in Where the Apostle retaines the Ancient Greek version as Hierom witnesseth it to have beene in his time having nothing in it disagreeing from truth or crossing that in ought for which he alleadgeth it This then cannot have relation to the Angel slaying
They served under the Assyrian Monarchs Salmanesar and Sennacharib and under the Babylonian Nebuchadnezzar against the people of God Esay XXII 6. And therefore are judgements denounced against them by the Prophets Jer. XXV 25. and chap. XLIX 34 38. And they became afterwards Gods instruments to execute his vengeance upon the Babylonians and to deliver his people from their bondage and captivity Esay XXII 6. and XLI 2 25. and XLIV 28. and XLV 1 c. and XLVI 11. and XLVIII 14. See more in the Annotations on Esay XIII 17. Uphaz Where the finest gold seemeth in those times to have beene chapter X verse 5 Jer. X. 9. This some suppose to be the same with Paz or Phaz Job XXVIII 17. Psal. XXI 3. Esay XIII 12. and Mupaz 1 Kings X. 18. 2 Chron. IX 17. Some take it to be Phez in Africa Hosea HOSEA Prophesied in the dayes of four Kings of Judah and seven Kings of Israel from Vzziah of Judah to Hezekiah and from Ieroboam the second of Israel to Hosheah when after that the two Tribes and a halfe had beene carried captive by Tiglath-Pilesar King of Assyria in the dayes of Pekah 2 Kings XV. 29. 1 Chron. V. 26. All the rest of Israel was captivated and that Kingdome extirpated by Shalmanesar in the dayes of King Hosheah Hos. X. 7 15. 2 Kings XVII 6. and chap. XVIII 10. But of him and the rest of the small Prophets see more at large in my Annotations upon them in the large Annotations upon the whole Bible printed Anno 1651. He was sent chiefly to Israel And begins to Prophesie Destruction to them even when they were in the height of their prosperity under Ieroboam the second Among other reasons of Gods vengeance upon the house of Jehu for the blood of Jezreel chapter I verse 4 this might be one That his Commission against the house of Ahab stretched not to slay King Ahaziah of Judah and his brethren 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Most commonly taken illatively for Therefore chapter II verse 14 yet sometimes in a discretive notion for Notwithstanding Neverthelesse Yet as here and Esay VII 14. and XXX 18. and LI. 21. Ier. XVI 14. and XXX 16. Ezek. XXXIX 25. nor sweare chapter IV verse 15 The Lord liveth Swearing and this Forme of swearing is lawful It is a part of our duty and Gods worship to sweare when we are lawfully thereunto called and warranted Esay XIX 18. Psael. LXIII 11. But not in our ordinary communication Matth. V. 34 37. Iaâ—es V. 12. Not upon vaine and light causes as Herods oath was to the dancing damsel Marke VI. 23. much lesse to be a bond to wickednesse as those Acts XXIII 12. to kill Paul But in necessary and weighty causes As for ratification of Covenants and promises of importance So did Abraham and Abimelech Gen. XXI 31. Isaac and Abimelech Gen. XXVI 31. Jacob and Laban Gen. XXXI 53. David and Ionathan 1 Sam. XX. 17. And so God commands it for removal of suspitions of jealousie Num. V. 21. of Theft Exod. XXII 11. 1 Kings VIII 31. 2 Chron. VI. 22. And so many men in Scripture upon weighty causes did lawfully require an oath So did Abraham of his servant Gen. XXIV 2. Jacob of Esau Gen. XXV 33. and of his sonne Joseph Gen. XLVII 31. Rahab of the Spies Josh. II. 12. Sampson of the men of Judah Judg. XV. 12. Saul and the Egytian of David 1 Sam. XXIV 21. and XXX 15. Nebuchadnezzar of Zedekiah 2 Chron. XXXVI 13. And many in like cases did freely and voluntarily give their oaths so Moses to Caleb Josh. XIV 9. David to Bathshebah 1 Kings I. 13. Gedaliah to the Remnant of Judah 2 Kings XXV 24. King Zedekiuh to the Prophet Jeremie Jer. XXXVIII 16. And so godly men to binde themselves the more to God and his service and good duties have sworne to the Lord. So David to finde out an house and place for Gods habitation Psal. CXXXII 2. So the Priests Levites and all Israel to reforme the strange Marriages Ezra X. 5. So King Asa and all the people entred into a Covenant to seek the Lord and they sware unto the Lord with a loud voice and with shouting and with Trumpets and with Cornets 2 Chron. XV. 12 13 14. Yea God himself is mercifully pleased so farre to condescend as to sweare unto men for the better assurance and confirmation of their faith in the truth of his promises Heb. VI. 13 18. So he sware to Abraham Isaac and Jacob Gen. XXIV 7. and XXVI 3. Exod. VI. 8. Luke I. 73. So to David Psal. LXXXIX 49 And sometime in wrath to ratifie his Threatenings against sinners So Psal. XCV 11. Heb. III. 11. In sacred accompt then is the Bond of an Oath Though it be taken to men yet it is called the Oath of God Eccles. VIII 2. Ezek. XVII 19. And why Because therein men call God to be both a witnesse of the truth and an avenger of the lie and breach of promise And so an Oath binds the soul with a Bond Num. XXX 2. It must therefore carefully be taken in truth in righteousnesse without rashnesse and in judgement upon just grounds in just causes Jer. IV. 2. In truth without equivocation or mental reservation And carefully kept yea though made to Heathens or Hereticks without Popish dispensations or relaxations We must fear an Oath Eccles. IX 2. fear to break it And therefore the godly man though he sweareth to his own hurt yet changeth not Psal. XV. 4. Though the Gibeonites beguiled Joshuah and the Princes of Israel yet say they we must let them live lest wrath be upon us because of the Oath which we sware unto them Josh. IX 15 19 20. And the breach of the matter of this Oath by Saul so long after we read punished sorely upon him in his sonnes 2 Sam. XXI 1 6. And of Gods fierce wrath against false Oaths and Oath-breakers we read more Exod. XX. 7. Levit. XIX 12. Jer. VII 9. and XXIII 10. Ezek. XVII 15 21. Hos. IV. 2 3. and X. 4. Zech. V. 3 4. and chap. VIII 17. Mal. III. 5. It bore a part in Peters sinne for which he wept so bitterly Matth. XXVI 74 75. Now the Forme of this swearing here Hos. IV. 15. is lawful It is taken in the Lords Name Gods Name is to be used in Oaths Deut. VI. 13. and X. 20. Psal. LXIII 11. Esay XLV 23. and LXV 16. Ier. XII 16. So Iacob sware to Laban by the Feare of his father Isaac Gen. XXXI 42 53. We must not sweare by false gods Iosh. XXIII 7. â—er V. 7. and ch XII 16. Not by Baal by the sinne and Idol of Samaria the manner of Beersheba by Malcham Against such swearers God threateneth his judgements Ier. V. 7. Amos VIII 14. Zeph. I. 5. Nor must we sweare by the Creatures as if they were God or we had power over them as our owne to pawne them on the truth of what we say Matth. V.