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cause_n	call_v	day_n	lord_n	3,361	5	4.2745	3	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A17223	A treatise or sermon of Henry Bullynger: much fruitfull and necessarye for this tyme, concernynge magistrates and obedience of subiectes Also concernyng the affayres of warre, and what scryptures make mension thereof. whether christen powers may war against their ennemies. And whither it be laufull for a christyan to beare the office of a magistrate, and of the duety of souldiers with many other holsom instructions for captaynes [and] souldiers both. Made in the yeare of our lorde. M. D. xlix.; Sermonum decades qinque. English. Selections	Bullinger, Heinrich, 1504-1575.; Lynne, Walter.	1549 (1549)	STC 4079; ESTC S110959	18,938	70

blame in this is not a sygne of religiouse men but of timerous persons The pleasure in hurting outragious in reuenging an vnplacable stomack wylde rebellynge gredines to gett dominion and suche lyke these be they whiche be worthely reproued in warre and not only reproued but also punished Against the vyolence of oure aduersaryes good men may rightfully warre other by gods lawe or by any cōmaūdemēt of superior powers beyng in such vocatiō where their powers other commaundeth any such thyng or byndeth them to obedience Or elles Saynt Ihon Baptiste Luce ciii d whan the souldiers came to hym to be baptised askynge what they shuld do he myght haue answered them agayne Cast away your harnes renounce your warrfarre strike no man wounde no man ouerthrow no body but bycause he dydde see theym in doynge these thynges in warrfayre to be no murtherers but mynisters of the law neyther reuengeres of their own iniuries but defenders of publyke wealth he sayde to them stryke no body wrangle with no man be content with your own stipende But bycause the Manichees be wōt to despise and blaspheme Ihon lette them heare our lord Iesu christ hym self commaunding the same stipend to be gyuen to cesar which Ihon aduersited the souldiours to be content with al Gyue vnto Ceasar sayth christ Matt xx it c and xvi d roma x. ii b the thinges which are Ceasers vnto god those thinges that are gods For therfore be tributs payd wherby warres maye be waged souldiours mainteined for necessite of war So he doth worthely also commend the faith of the centurion saying And I am a mā set here vnder powers Mat viii a Luc vi a hauing vnder me souldiours and I saye to hym goe and he goeth and to another come he comith And to my seruaunt do this he doth it we se he commendeth his faythe therfore but he byddeth him not to forsake the wars Hytherto also perteineth the chapt folowynge .lxxv. .lxxvi. c. But here I am content to spare you not to ouer burden you with to prolyx recitinge of sentences Thus much haue I spoken hetherto for that that it is lawful for magistrates to warre And vpō this we gather that subiectes Subiectes mir●t obeys theyr powers commandyng warre lykewise may lawfully with out reprehension go feighte in warfare when they be commaunded by the magistrates so to do But yf it be so that the magistrates causles do set vpon to slay the innocentes and vngylty persons I haue declared in my formar sermons ●et iiii and v● in this case the magistrats cōmaūdemēts are not to be obeied Therfore let the magistrates take hyde lesse they abuse their auctorite Warre is a peregous thyng And all though it be lawfull for the Magistrates to kepe warr for iust and necessary causes yet is warre a most daungerous thīg and bringeth with it hepes of infinite troubles And thus be such men punyshed dyuerse tymes whome no gentyl admonition cā moue all be it many innocent persons with such be punished amōg Nowe many tymes it happeneth that souldiours forget them selues and breake al good ordre prouokyng the myghti angre of god vpon their heades what kynde of myscheyfe is in al the worlde but it is vsed in warre or what kynde of misery is there that is not here Fyrst by warre spryngeth dearth and vtter scasety of al thynges For the wayes be stopped the torne troden downe townes set on fyre vitalle distroied wasted all occupations and marchandise cease both riche and poore decayeth In warre the moost valiante sonest destroyed the towards thei retyre saue them selues whyles greater afterclappes do fal vpon them The most vyle ruffynes most auaunced which abuse men more lyke beastes then other All is full of murning on euerye syde Wydowes bewayle fatherles children lament and be destitute Greate riches prouyded for nede to come cleane spoyled hole cites set a fyre Esay i● and v vyrgynes an vnmared maydēs defyled Al shame al honesty set a syde no reuerence to age All maner of ryght all lawes vnregarded al holy religion and studies cleane vnder foote vyle vacaboundes and desperate dreuylles rule all the toste And therfore in scripture warre is called the scourge of god Warre ●eth scourge of god Leuit xxvi ii Reg. xxiiii Deut xxviii This scourge doth god lyghtly inferre vpon incurrable and obstinat despisers of his word For this cause was the citie of Hierusalem subuerted with all the whole nations of the Iewes Mat. xxiii e Luce xiii d for as the lord saith they dyd not know the day of their visitation but rather thei did shed the bloud of the lordes apostles so brynging vpon their own heades al the bloud Gene iiii b ii par xxiiii d shedde from fyrste Abell the iuste vnto zacharye Num xxi and xxxiii c The Chananites for murder idolatrye incest and for abhominable letchery were vtterly deuasted The Moabites as Esaie saith Esay xv and ●vi perished for theirr cuelteinclemenci and proud dispisinge of the pore The Niniuites did infest other nations with vniust warres wherefore thei were serued with lyke measure Agayne of other countreis as we reede in the prophete Nahum Nahum ii and iii Micheas in the vi cap. declareth that god sēdeth warre to the vniust The causes of warre for their auarice fraude vsynge In Ieremye Ierem v ● c arrogancy and pryde in Esaye Esay v ● ryotenes excesse and dronckennes are noted to be the causes of warre Farthermore the incommodities of war do cleaue so hard to realmes publik weales that thei cannot afterward be remoued or shaken of whan we wold nether by humane policie nor leages nor riches nor defence strēgth nor power as we may se in Abdias Abdias ● Only the syncere and harty conuersion to god remedyeth thys as Ieremy in .v. Ierem v ● capt do testifie This true conuersion to god standeth fyrst in the confession and knowledge of our owne wyckednes than in a sewer fayth to haue remission of oure synnes by grace and merite of oure lorde Iesus christ Roma v and ●i Thyrdly in a perfect hatred and renounsynge of cure formare iniquite in studye of iustyce innocency charite and all other vertues fynally in continuall prayer oration Againe to some a man shall see war Warre profitable to some bryngeth much profyt vtilite and vnnumerable ryches with no damage or lytel at all Such was the battayle of the Israelytes against the Chananaeis Iosue Iosua iii c and xvi b beynge theyr captayne I wolde not heare the commodites of warre shuld allure any frō Iustice and equite For so many tymes it happenyth that whyle Magistrates thinke to haue a iust occasion to warre agaynst other and to punish offenders The good some tymes be ouercome of the wyck●d god of his pryue iustice reaturneth the same occasion vpon them selues in

prouokyng them wherby ther synnes may be punyshed of them whome they intende to persecute Examples we haue manyfeste in scriptures Iud seu xix and .xx The eleuen tribes of Israel proclaymed moost iust warre against the Beniamites thynkynge to reuenge a wycked facte commytted by certaine leud losels with the whiche loselles the whole tribe tooke parte communicatinge with their vngraciousnes yet were they put to the worst and foyled of the wicked sort i reg ii●● and v The Israelites wente about to expell the violence of the idolatrouse phylistianes vnder Hely their preiste yet were they ouerthrowne in battayle the arke of god caried away into the cities of idolatours iiii reg xxiii ii pa. xxxv d So the good kynge Iosias was slain of the chaldeis bycause the entent of god was to scourge the people with such euils which he wold not the good king to behold nothing so deseruing Wherupon this note is to be learned that the veritie of religion Religion is not sene by victory goyth not by the victorye of any natiōs or by ouerthrow as though the religion were the better whose part had the vpper hande and that the worste religion whose part had the worst For religion alwaies must be sequestrede from the person respecte of men which for diuerse causes be diuersly visited of the lorde All these thinges admonish vs the Magistrates had nede of much and great feare of god in takyng vp or in laying downe their warres lest perchaunse in flyenge the smoke thei fall into the fyre or whyle they studye to eschue one harme by eschuyng therof do purchesse to them selues many moo greater Wherfore it is requisite that prynces fyrst before al thynges do thorowly considre the causes of their warres The causes of warre must be considered Now there be mani causes and sundry but these lightly the greateste For other the magistrate is enforced seinge hys holdes and munimentes in hys realme to be inuaded with seige then he must nedes healpe and repulse hys ennemie For it were to much vnfaithfulnes to forsake so disloyally hys cyteis fortres in such extreme peryll Or elles the magistrate by reason of hys offyce is constrayned to attempte warre against incurable persons whome the sentence of the lorde doth condemne byddeth to beat downe vtterly without al pyte So as Moses dyd warre agaīst the Madianites Saule againste Amalechetes Of this maner be al suche kyndes of warre wherwith men be oppressed Num xxv and xxxi i 〈◊〉 xv whiche by the vncureable malyce of theirs wylnedes perysh and make other perysh with them also which reiect all iustice and equite al sette on myscheif so stubbornly continu Iudic xx and xxi Marke wel rebellions Such were the Beniamites whā they were distroyed wyth sworde and fyer suche be nowe a dayes these obstinate and sedicious traytours troblelers of publick society as was ons Absolon and Seba the sonne of Bochrus whyche be mentioned in the seconde boke of Samu ii ● Reg. xiii xiiii xv xvi xvii xviii Samuel Warre for religion Herto atpartayne also such warres acheued against Idolaters and oppressors of catholik fayth for trew relygiō sake Thei be in a wrong dreame which thīke no war ought to be attempted for relygion The lorde restrayned Peter strykynge with the sworde Mat xxvi ● Luce xxii d Ioh xviii ● Truth I graunt he restrained hym as an Apostle he forbadde not the magistrate the ouersight of religion but that he myght defend the verite of our faith Yf the magistrates maye lawfullye defende viler thinges as libertye goodes bodely honestye and lyfe c. Howe much more may he defende greater thinges yea which be the greatest thinges of all For what can be greater than true religion Deut xiii and xvii b Vpon this we haue an expresse commaundement of the lord in Deutronomiū Marke wel For the lorde commaundeth the cite vnder what magi●trate so euer he be which defyleth from god his worshyp to be let vpon with warre and vtterly to be subuerted yf it be stubb●rne Nowe if the magistrat so be cōmaunded to warre agaynste them that do disceiuer from him verely than it is not vnlawfull to rescue the churche by warre in case any barbarus prince come vpon it with open warre to sedewce it from trewe religion to erroure Iosue went about to expugne the Rubenites only for an aulter erected agaynste the word of god Iosue xxii a i. Macha v. Iudas Machabeus doth fyghte for the people of god agaynste the gentiles and kyng Antiochus hys souldiers whose purpose i. Mac iii. was to vanquyshe the Iewes religion whiche than was onelye true and to place in the steade of it superstitious gentylyte Actium xv So Paule doth commende the captaines which through fayth wtstode the incursions of forain enemies And Paule hym self had a conflyct in Cyprus agaynst Elimas a false prophete whome also he stroke with blyndnes act xiii And hys reason foloweth that he dydde it for relygyons sake act xiiii Wylte thou not cease sayth he to subuerte the streyghte wayes of the Lorde Agaynste the same Paule there were fourtye men conspyred act xxiii v. c. whyche thoughte that yf he were take oute of the waye / a greate parte of CHRISTES relygyon were abolyshed and their iudicyall relygyon sette vp againe But Paule here playeth not the shepe ●e●um xxiii nor turneth not the other cheke to them but was erneste and sollicitous to aske his defence and that not of a christian magistrate Yf Paule asked helpe of an ethnik magistra●e more myght ●e do of a chrystyan but a romayne centurion neither shewed he him selfe any thynge greued therat whan lxx horsemen and cccc fotemen were prepared for him in battayle ray to conduct him from Hierusalem to Antipatrida * act ix b and xxii b ●●●a i Thus was Paule the elect vessell preserued by an Armed Garison of romain souldiours Concerninge the Armenians sufferynge greate violence of Maximinus the emperoure Eusebius so writeth in his ecclesiastical historie li.ix.c●.viii They Armenians sayth he●ons a people kind and frendly to the peple of Rome eccl ix ● viii what tyme they shuld be constrayned of Maximinus the Emperour to change the state of christian relygion to the which they were al gyuen to into worshipping of Idoles and to vet●rat deuyls for god beyng hys tre●des before waxed hys greate enemies and of their awne accord toke vpon theim wyth opē might of warre to withstand his wicked constraynment and so kepte hym hard ●hys sayth Eusebius Therfore the magistrates maye lawfully defende their subiectes and true religion agaynst idolaters Or els an other cause is which is much lyke The thyrde cause of warre some foreine Barbarous aduersary doth fly vpon thy sub●ectes / doth spoyle them and inuadith them / as the cruel wolues do the shepe whan not onlye thou haste not prouoked

be lawfull by the gospel they be farre deceyued for the veryte sayth otherwyse For what thynges so euer be ordeyned of God to the healthe and saffety of man they be so seyming to a chrstiane man vsyng theme wel appleyng him selfe thera●ter that if he refuse them he is no tru christian For the greatest charge of a christiane is to set forwarde with al industry the sauegarde welth of men Capi di a prou xxiiii c and xx a tuum iii a i p●try i. v Now the magistrat is ordeined of no man but of god him selfe to the sauegarde protection of men As expressely it is witnessed by the prophetes and apostles and paule especiallye Ad rom xiii who so doth not see than but a christiane maye laudably● beare the office of a magistrate Forthermore no man wyl deny I thinke that belōgeth to euery christen man to declare his faythe not only with woordes but wyth the workes of iustice and mercy to see for the publicke peace tranquilite to folow iustice equite to defend wydowes the fatherles expressed Neyther oughte he to neglect occasion place or any such meane wherby he maye exercyse such benefites vpon his brethren Therfore it is not vnknowe that a christiane may be a magistrate For the office of a magistrate is to e●ecute iudgement and iustice and to mayntaine publyke peace Fow it is out of doubt and proued before Worke wel that Moses Samuel Iosue and Dauid other more are not to be excluded from the name of christians than seynge they were magistrates why may not christen men as well nowe a days beare office● In the newe testament m●ny noble men be commendid which wer in rule and authorite neyther yet dyd they renounce their office bycause of religion Luce xxxii● Of ●oseph of Aramatheus thus we reede in Luc. Beholde there was a mā called Ioseph a Centurion s marke sayth a senatour a good man and iust mar xv he consented not to theyr counsel and doinges borne in Aramathea a citye of the iewes which also dyd loke for the kyngdom of god Note here what a greate commendation is giuen hym Ioseph is a Centurion or a senator and that an honest senator ▪ he dyd sy●te in the counsel house and amongest these iudges which condemned christ but bycause he consented not with them he is excused gyltles from the bloude the same also is notefied to be a good man and iuste in the numbre of them whiche loked for the kyngedome of god that is in the numbre of christianes and for all this was he yet a Centurion or a senatoure and dwelled in the citie of Hierusalem A christian therfore lawful lye may beare office Hereto maye be broughte examples of the quenes chamberlayne of Aethiopia Actum viii actum viii of cornelius the centurione Actum x. ctum x of Eurastus the warden or stuarde of the cytie of Corinthe Rom. xvi ii rom xvi i. T●tum ii● Timo. iiii But I wolde the Anabaptistes wolde proue that with scriptures which they obiect that these being conuerted after didde lay downe their robbe and sworde For we haue proued it before by s Augustines wordes vpon the aunswer of Ihon Baptist to the souldiers which was also a christen preeher that after they were baptised luc iii ● Ihon ii● yet notwtstandinge were not deposed from their office neither had anye suche commaundemente of Ihon to forsake their warre farre The lord refused to be made a king And other obiection they haue bycause the lord did withdraw hī selfe what tyme the people intended to make hym kynge Whiche thing he wold not haue done Ihon. vi v but to gyue example to all christians of humilitie and to commaunde in a maner neuer to suffre any publyke administration to be put vppon them to this they adde the laiynges or the gospell My kyngedome is not of this worlde Ihon. xviii c Item The kynges of the earth rayne ouer them but you not lo. mat x. d mar● d●c luc x●i v. art l●e i 〈◊〉 v. a Truth it is the lord a voyded the people But howe folowynge the way that was not reighte neither intending to do the wyll of god but blynded with carnal affectes and sekyng such thinges as were pertaynyng to belycheare Forby cause he fedde them wonderfully / therfore they thought hym a mete kynge for their purpose whyche could fede his subiectes with much fare and no cost math xx d. Besides this our lorde came not to beare rule in earth after the fashyō of this world as the Iewes imagined thinking that Messias shoulde come lyke Salomon here to reigne and as Pilate feared Therfore sayde the lorde wel Ihon. xviii e My kyngdome is not of this worlde * actum i ● mat xxvi f ma● xxv in c tam viii e ephe i iiii For he ascended vp to heauē sitteth on the right hande of the father hauyng al kynges subiected to hym and al the worlde in the whiche now he rayneth by hys worde and spirite whiche also he shall come to iudge at the laste daye mat xxv c rom xiii d ●i cor ● vltimo iiiii a i pet iiii a ac●● x. And although christ denyeth hys kyngdome to be of this world yet he neuer denyed but that kynges and princes of the worlde shoulde come into his churche in the whiche they shuld serue the lorde not only as men but as kynges and prynces For kyngs can not serue the lorde as kinges otherwise thā by exercysyng that wherfore they be made kynges And vnlesse christian kynges myghte remayne in their office and gouerne kyngedomes after their rule and lawes of christe how coulde christ be called the kynge of kings lorde of lordes Therfore where the lorde said the kynges of the earthe do raygne ouer them but you not so he spake this only to hys apostles stryuyng for superiorite as thoughe he would say Prynces raygnynge in the worlde be not putte down from their thrones seates by my doctrine For mi doctryne doth not abolysh polycie / office nor magistrate in the world or in the church The magistrate he shall raigne but you not so you shal not raygne ye shal not be princes but teachers of the worlde and seruauntes of the churche Thus in fewe wordes haue we answered to the obiections of the Anabaptystes which we haue confuted also in other places Hetherto I thynk it sufficiently declared that a christen man not only maye but oughte also to beare rule and office yf it be ryghtfully offered vnto hym But before we knyt vp this disputatiō The daie of subiectes we wil touch now breifly what is the office of subiectes what euery one oweth to his magistrate Fyrst it is the parte of subiectes to haue a reuerende and honorable estimation of their princes and powers And so to reuerence them as goddes messyngers and ministres Also outwardly to exhibite suche