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A88972 An answer by letter to a worthy gentleman who desired of a divine some reasons by which it might appeare how inconsistent presbyteriall government is with monarchy. In which the platforme of that government is briefly delineated, with the tenents and suitable practices thereof. And withall it is demonstrated, that it is inconsistent with any government whatsoever; is full of faction, sedition and treason; an enemy to all peace, domesticall, neighbourly, brotherly, &c. against soveraigne authority, authority of all iudges, and iudicatories, entrenching upon all so farre, as there can be no liberty of person, trade, commerce or propriety, but at their pleasure who bear sway therein. Maxwell, John, 1590?-1647. 1644 (1644) Wing M1377; Thomason E53_13; ESTC R20000 49,076 82

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the first place to intimate to the King the desire and demands of the Assembly and to see all due civill Sanction and confirmation given to it the King His Councell His Parliament can change nothing of their sacred decrees without their consent What ever new occurrence is in Church or State pro re natâ these Commissioners are to give order and to see ne quid detrimenti Ecolesia capiat It is true their orders bind only in the interim betwixt the two Assemblies and the next plenarie Generall Assembly may derogare abrogare obrogare c yet give me leave to tell you truth these great Delegates with their power have so much influence upon the next Generall Assembly that their {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} precognitions and predeterminations are formally and Legally enacted Nor is this to be wondred at for the Achitophels and Ioabs of Church and Kingdom the best head peeces of greatest depth Preaching and Ruling Elders are in this Iunto Heere are all disturbing Seditions and treasonable courses hatched and conceived whether it be Treason against the King Sedition in State or Kingdom the change of Court the removing of Courtiers from the King the surrounding of him with others c. The next Assemblie ownes all their courses decrees them under pretence of Piety Reformation of abuses removing of Malignants from the King and from His Counsell from being Iudges in the supreamest Iudicatories of the Kingdom c. By this means at pleasure when and where they will they procure Parliaments to work for their own private ends To facilitate the work order is given to all Presbyteries to command all the Ministers to Preach to their flocks to make and keep Fasts for the danger the Church is in that the King is inclinable nay inclining to Popery that there are none in trust or power by Him in Court Councell Exchequer or Session but such as are Popish or Popishly affected and such they must be if they once determine it And woefull experience hath confirmed it that worthie Innocent and deserving men have suffered and the King hath been forced to abandon His best servants This close Committee hath all these prerogatives 1. During the interim betwixt two Assemblies they had trust to see that all the Orders and Decrees of the grand Consistory should be put in execution 2. Next upon any exigent intervening they have the power by their influence upon all the Presbyteriesin the Kingdom to make them goe which way they thought fit for their own ends both to make the Ministers Preach their sense and to work with all the people to believe the posture of affaires in Church and State were as they informed and represented them 3. Thirdly here were all things prepared for the next great meeting of the Generall Assembly By these means things projected were effected This way the Queen Regent was put from Her Regencie This way Queen Mary was expulsed Scotland This way King Iames His captivity at Ruthen was found to be good service This way that Noble Duke of Lennox Esme was made a Papist and the King forced to abandon him and he to depart the Kingdom in Winter being sick and shortly after dyed in France By this means if I be not deceived was that infamous day the 17. of December anno 1596. atro signanda lapillo renowned for a most horrid insurrection in Edenburgh against King Iames and His prime Counsellors I begge leave to give you a short account of it King Iames whilest He was King of Scotland by all forraigne Kings Princes and States was admired for His extraordinary Royall endowments Ambassadors from many beyond Seas at the same time and almost constantly were with Him The smallnesse of the Patrimony of that Crowne was not able to maintain that Royall deportment He kept Besides being too too Royally liberall and magnificent His coffers were empty and at this time scarce was His Majesty able to maintain the necessary charge of His house in that measure which was suitable to so Royall a King To rectify this the King with the advice of his Counsell entrusted with all his Rents Revenues and casualties Eight prime men of good worth and integritie Officers of State Counsellors and Iudges This was done that all might be rightly regulated and before all things His Tables at Court kept like a Kings that forraign Ambassadors might not espy any want which might derogate from the Honour of King and Kingdome The ordinary Tables of the Court were regulated the Courtiers daily allowance was retrenched which they could not away with They and other discontented persons did reproachfully call these men The Octavians They who grumbled at this and would right themselves to gain their intendment hit upon the ordinary and safest way that was to beginne with the Church They informe the forraign Ambassadors did work upon the King to turn Papist it was like they would prevaile for these Octavians were all such in their hearts and dissembled only in professing to keep a communion with the Protestant Church if those were not removed from the King and good men put about him Religion Kingdom and all were undone When this had been often informed and suggested early in the morning on the 17th day of December three of the Kings Domestick Servants came to M. Walter Balcanqual's house The Ministery of Edenburgh and others Commissioners of the generall Assembly with some of the best Christians of Edenburgh are sent for they meet there The Kings Servants informe that all was undone if they did not in time and speedily prevent for the Marquesse of Huntlie this was the late Marquesse who came occasionally the night before to Court and it is true he was Popish but God knowes he was free of what he was charged with say they was with the King till twelve a clock at night in his Bed-chamber yester-night it is resolved upon to re-erect Popery and so many of your best Citizens and Christians are to be seized upon some to be sent to Blacknes some to Innernes some to Dunbritton c. The case was apprehended in that zeale which became the cause The resolution taken was that M. Walter Baelcanquall being to Preach that very day in the Chancell of Saint Giles Church which they call the little Church after Sermon and Prayer done he should desire all good Brethren and Christians to meet immediatly forthwith there for the good of Church and Religion Noblemen Gentlemen Preachers Burgesses all who affected the good cause did meet M. Robert Bruce was appointed by common consent Moderator It is laid open in what case Church and Religion State and Kingdome are the urgent instant necessity is made to appeare The result of the determination was that presently they goe to Armes and by holy force to pull from the King's side those Popish Octavians That a Letter be written to Iohn L●●d Marquesse of Hamilton to come to Edenburgh to be Captaine of the Congregation and in
is their constant Catholicke tenet that if the King Queene Regent or Protector or whosoever he or she is in whose Person Soveraignty is fixed or in whose Person it is representatively fixed onely by a fiduciary trust during the non-age of the Prince or Princesse will not submit himselfe to this holy Scepter will not according to it's prescript reforme Religion preserve it in it's integrity any man or men are bound to doe it at their direction I spare Martin Junior's faith in this that there is no authority above the Brotherhood No Magistrate saith he Thes 17. 18. 22. may lawfully may me or deforme the body of Christ which is the Church no lawfull Church Government is changeable at the pleasure of the Magistrate of necessity all Christian Magistrates are bound to receive this government Nor will I insist upon Vigginton's assertion That what the Holy Brotherhood cannot obtaine by suite and dispute the People must bring it to passe You desire the tenets and practices of the Church of Scotland onely The Scot's maintaine that if the King or Queene will not reforme Religion they may take upon them by violence and power to reforme it This they have learned of their grand-father Knox as you may read in an Epistle of his written from Deepe Anno. 1557. and in Knox Histor. pag. 213. what is lawfull for Reformation is lawfull for preservation of Religion 1. And here they begin with the Nobles and determine right downe Noble men ought to Reforme Religion if the King will not Knox app. 25. againe that God hath appointed the Nobility to bridle the inordinate appetites of Princes and in so doing they cannot be accused as resisters of authority Knox Hist. 343. and that it is their duty to represse the rage and insolency of Princes Knox app. 33. 2. In the second place if the Nobles will not doe the People and Commonaltie may reforme Religion at the order and direction of the Brotherhood Knox to the Commonalty fol. 49. 50. The Commonaltie by their power may bridle the cruell beasts They meane Priests and Prelates Knox to the Commonalty fol. 55. The Commonalty may lawfully require of their Soveraigne to have true Preachers and if he be negligent they may themselves provide them maintaine them defend them against all that doe persecute them and may detaine the profits of the Church livings from the other sort That is to say Priests Papists Prelates and Malignants Knox to the Commonalty fol. 55. 3. In the third place if they come to the happinesse to have Nobles and Commons obedient to their commandements for reformation or preservation of true Religion which must be so as they fansie I am deceived if they allow not more violence and esteeme it more piety zeale and justice Their tenets are The Commonalty concurring with the Nobles may compell the Bishops to cease from their tyranny Knox to the Commonalty fol. 47. againe The Nobility and Comminalty ought to reforme Religion and in that case may remove from honours and may punish such as God hath condemned Deut. 13. Of what estate condition or honour soever Knox app. fol. 28. 30. 4. In the fourth place if the Nobles will not joyne with the People or Commonalty in the reformation or preservation of true Religion at the direction of the Ministery the inferior Magistrates may and should doe it Knox Hist. p. 217. 5. In the fifth place before so good a worke be not done if Nobles or the whole or greatest part of the Commonalty will not be obedient assisting and ayding to so good a work Every individuall man and person is bound to advance this good work to kill Papist Priest Prelate Malignant nay a King if He stand out an Enemy to God and Christ and cannot otherwise be reclaimed or removed nor by suite or dispute gained to the right way I dare say their doctrine leads to this see Knox app. fol. 30. where roundly he saith The punishment of s●ch crimes as touch the Majesty of God doth not appertaine to Kings and chiefe Rulers onely but also to the whole body of the People and to every member of the same to revenge the injury done against God Againe see him fol. 35. The People are bound by oath to God to revenge to the utmost of their power the injury done against God's Majestie To this purpose they alleadge the examples of Phineas who in his zeale killed the adulterers of Ehud who in the same zeale killed Eglon in his private Chamber remember he was a King Of Iael who killed Sisera of Matathias who in zeale killed a Iew for committing of Idolatry and who in the same zeale at the same time killed the King's Commissioner Sir put these things together and see where this Soveraigne supreame Ecclesiasticall Iudicatory hath such dominion and power over mens consciences that being directed by their Ministerie they are bound to doe to the utmost of their power for reformation and preservation of Religion what sacred Person of any King can be secured what man offending against the Majesty of God which is as they fansie many times may not be taken away by one like to a Ravilliack what Commissioner or Counsellor of the King but in doing his best service to his Maister he may be stoned like to Adoram and all this goe in popular esteeme currant for good service and extraordinary zeale to God and his cause 6. In the sixth place upon those grounds Covenants and Confederacies come in to strengthen all to joyne purses persons wit and strength contra omnes mortales Regiâ Majestate non exceptâ against King and Bishop Prince and Prelate to the defence of the good cause with a combination every one to be ayding assisting and maintaining one another in so good a cause 7. In the last place commeth their Orders for reformation or preservation and that by themselves and the collective body or any associates whatsoever without respect reverence or obedience to the Soveraign authority of the Prince The practice is cleerly seen in Mr Knox his proceedings for after that by his Letter which we mentioned before written to Scotland Anno 1557. from Deepe and otherwise he had infused the above named principles into many an oath of confederacy was taken amongst them and subscription under their hands to some agreement This gave life to that tumultuary reformation much strength being added to it by the concurrence of the Sacrilegious hoping thus to swallow up the Church revenews which is more then certain was against Knox his mind and the first reformers As we deplore great losses the Church had by this reformation and doe thank God heartily for his admirable bounty and mercy in the good of truth we got by it yet we will never wrong Reformed Religion so much as to account of that as an orderly reformation we deny not but it was attended with much Sedition Faction and Rebellion Anno 1558. without the
but will say with Iacob in consilium eorum ne veniat anima mea 3. Thirdly I daily heartily bewaile that that too too much Idolised reformation in an excessive hatred against Popery did runn too much to the other extreame that the goodly order and government necessary of the Church was shouldered out the publick service and worship of God with it's decency reverence and comlinesse was much defaced disgraced That goodly stately and rich Churches were abused robbed and equalled to the ground and that the Church Patrimonie was dilapidated and yet this was not so much done by the first called Reformers as by their Disciples Aetas parentum pejor avis It feareth me besides that God is punishing our present sinnes that by this scourge which is guilded with the specious but spurious compellation of a glorious thorow second Reformation he is in the same justice punishing the sinnes of that first Reformation For my part I judge verily that Church had never an orderly and warrantable Reformation till it was happily begun and advanced by King Iames when he took the government in his owne hands and was like to come to a great perfection under the government of our most gratious Soveraigne King Charles Although I deny not but the seeds of truth were sowen by Hamilton Wiseheart Mylne and others who before Knox his time did Preach truth cast downe the errors of Rome in the Peoples hearts were farre from sturring up the Subjects against lawfull authority and like the ancient Martyrs did suffer patiently and seale the truth of the Gospell with their blood If Knox and his Complices had kept in this way I am certaine that Church had been more happy nor had we seen such Robbery and deformity in the Church Sure I am great many and more then ordinary sinnes in them and us and our forefathers have brought us to be plunged in those almost inextricable miseries And till we proportionably repent we cannot look to see better dayes what is disjoynted in state set aright and the beauty of God's house restored which God of his mercy grant to us for his onely Sonne Iesus Christ By what is said it appeares sufficiently that this spirituall Soveraignty is farre above the King's Crowne and what we undertook to make their practices prove their tenets is more then evident onely one thing rests to be proved that this Soveraignty may authorize any and every private man to doe to the utmost of their power for the Reformation of Religion to plunder kill c. Sir I referre you to Mr Knox history of the Church of Scotland pag. 143 144 145. where relating how Cardinal Beaton Archbishop of Saint Andrew's a man whom I justifie not neither commend much was killed by Norman Lesley Iohn Lesley Peter Carmichael and Iames Melvil in his owne house the Castle of Saint Andrew's who were all onely private Gentlemen and if you will trust Buchanan the cause was a jarre betwixt Norman Lesley and the Cardinal upon Knox faith the quarrell was the killing of M. George Wiseheart a good man undoubtedly The Cardinal could have no mercy although he cryed pittifully for it saying I am a Priest ye will not slay me Knox I say relating this history commends the fact of Iames Melvil killing him with grave and pious words in his mouth as a godly fact The summe of the story is when they entred the Cardinall's chamber with some sixteen or seventeen more Iohn Lesly and Peter Carmichaell fell violently and passionatly on him but Iames Melvill with gravity and piety withdrew them and said This work and judgement of God although it be secret ought to be done with great gravitie And presenting unto him the poynt of the Sword said Repent thee of thy former wicked life but especially of thy shedding of the blood of that notable instrument of God M. George Wiseheart which albeit the flame of sire consumed before men yet cries it a vengeance upon thee and we from God are sent to revenge it For here before my God I protest that neither the hatred of thy person the love of thy Riches nor the feare of any trouble thou couldest have done to me in particular moved or moveth me to strike thee but only because thou hast been and remainest an obstinate enemy against Christ Iesus and his holy Gospell And the meek man of God as he is there termed stroke him twise or thrise thorow with a stog-sword and he fell I give all this that Iames Melvill did this in revenge of M. George Wiseheart being slain by the Cardinall what Divinity will warrant this fact of Iames Melvil's to be a good and Godly fact for so it is noted in the Margent to a privat man to murther or kill thus a Priest an Archbishop of so high dignity The result of all is he did it gravely in coldblood told him so much that he was sent from God he had no private end the motive sturred him up to this Godly fact was that he had been and remained at that time an enemy to Iesus Christ and his holy Gospell he exhorted him to repentance and for all his great sinnes as Knox writes the storie he allowed him no more time but so much as was spent in his Godly Harang for immediatly after he was twise thrust thorow But those Seraphicall Doctors know Nescit tarda molimina Spiritus Sanctus and the spirit can work suddenly Inter os offam Inter Pontem Fontem especially where and when they are sent of God to doe such great good works But this is protestatio contra factum what ever M. Melvil said in his Protestation Knox doth witnesse that the Cardinall being murthered they seized upon the Artillery and Ammunition wherewith that fortresse was plentifully furnished and likewise upon the rich hangings houshold-stuffe of all sorts apparell Copes Jewels ornaments of Churches great store of Gold and Silver Plate besides no small quantity of treasure in ready coyne I could instance some practices about the time of the Parliament in anno 1621. commonly called the Marquesse of Hamilton's Parliament but because that will only reflect upon some particular persons I passe it willingly and wittingly It is most certain when the pious and learned Doctors of Aberdene did demand of the Patriarches of this late Covenant why they did not by Preaching Printing Censuring or some reall deed expresse their detestation of that horrid fact done by the Rascally-rout of Edenburgh the 23. of Iuly 1637. where at the first reading of the service there a great many Bishops being in the Cathedrall Church the Serving-women rose barbarously within the Church did throw their stooles at the Bishop of the place and the Deane who was officiating did cry out most horribly that the Major Aldermen and others within could hardly compose it for a long time and the worst and basest of the People who were without did throw in great stones at the glasse windowes the doores being shut