he was assailed by other at home not without the iust vengeance of almightie God who meant to punish him for his periurie committed in taking vpon him the crowne contrarie to his oth made vnto the empresse and hir children For Robert earle of Glocester base brother vnto the empresse and of hir priuie councell sought by all meanes how to bring king Stephan into hatred both of the Nobles and commons that by their helpe he might be expelled the realme and the gouernment restored to the empresse and hir sonne Such earnest trauell was made by this earle of Glocester that manie of his freends which fauoured his cause now that king Stephan was occupied in the north parts ioined with him in conspiracie against their souereigne First the said earle himselfe tooke Bristowe and after this diuerse other townes and castels there in that countrie were taken by him and others with full purpose to kéepe the same to the behoofe of the empresse and hir sonne Amongst other William Talbot tooke vpon him to defend Hereford in Wales William Louell held the castell of Cary Paganell or Painell kept the castell of Ludlow William de Moun the castell of Dunestor Robert de Nicholl the castle of Warram Eustace Fitz-Iohn the castle of Walton and William Fitz-Alain the castle of Shrewesburie When word hereof came to king Stephan he was maruellouslie vexed for being determined to haue pursued the Scots euen to the vttermost limits of their countrie he was now driuen to change his mind and thought it good at the first to stop the proceedings of his enimies at home least in giuing them space to increase their force they might in processe line 10 of time growe so strong that it would be an hard matter to resist them at the last Herevpon therfore he returned southward and comming vpon his enimies recouered out of their hands diuers of those places which they held as Hereford and the castle of Shrewesburie About the same time one Walkeline yéelded the castle of Douer vnto the quéene who had besieged him within the same Now king Stephan knowing that the Scots were not like long to continue in quiet returned line 20 northwards againe and comming to Thurstan the archbishop of Yorke he committed the kéeping of the countrie vnto his charge commanding him to be in a redinesse to defend the borders vpon any sudden inuasion Which thing the couragious archbishop willinglie vndertooke By this meanes king Stephan being eased of a great part of his care fell in hand to besiege the residue of those places which the rebels kept but they fearing to abide the danger of an assault fled away some into one part and some line 30 into an other whom the kings power of horssemen still pursuing and ouertaking by the way slue and tooke no small number of them prisoners in the chase Thus was the victorie in maner wholie atchiued and all those places recouered which the enimies had fortified In like maner when king Dauid heard that the king was thus vexed with ciuill warre at home he entred England againe in most forceable wise and sending his horssemen abroad into the countrie line 40 commanded them to waste and spoile the same after their accustomed maner But in the meane time he purposed with himselfe to besiege Yorke which citie if he might haue woone he determined to haue made it the frontier hold against king Stephan and the rest that tooke part with him Herevpon calling in his horssemen from straieng further abroad he marched thitherwards and comming neere to the citie pitched downe his tents In this meane while the archbishop Thurstan to line 50 whom the charge of defending the countrie cheefelie in the kings absence apperteined called togither the Nobles and gentlemen of the shire and parties adioining whom with so pithie and effectuall words he exhorted to resist the attempts of the Scots whose cruell dooings could kéepe no measure that incontinentlie all the power of the northparts was raised and vnder the leading of William earle of Albemarle Walter Espeke William Peuerell of Nottingham and two of the Lacies Walter and Gilbert line 60 offered euen with perill of life and limme to trie the matter against the Scots in a pight field and either to driue them out of the countrie or else to loose their liues in the quarell of their prince It chanced at this time that archbishop Thurstan was sicke and therefore could not come into the field himselfe but yet he sent Rafe bishop of Durham to supplie his roome who though he saw and perceiued that euerie man was readie enough to encounter with their enimies yet he thought good to vse some exhortation vnto them the better to encourage them in maner as here ensueth Most noble Englishmen and ye right valiant Normans of whose courage the Frenchman is afraid by you England is kept vnder by you Apulia dooth florish and vnto you Ierusalem and Antioch haue yéelded their subiection We haue at this present the rebellious nation of Scotland which of right ought to be subiect to the crowne of England come into the field against vs thinking for euermore to rid themselues of their submission and to bring both vs and our countrie into their bondage and thraldome Now albeit I see in you courage sufficient to beat them backe from any further attempt yet least when you shall come to the triall by any manner of chance you should loose any péece thereof I lamenting the state of my countrie whose gréeuances I wish you should redresse doo meane to vse a few words vnto you not for that I would exhort you to doo any man wrong but rather to beat them backe which offer to doo you iniurie Consider therefore that you shall here fight with that enimie whom you haue oftentimes vanquished and oftentimes offending in periurie haue oftentimes most worthilie punished whome also to be bréefe raging after the maner of cruell robbers wickedlie spoiling churches and taking away our goods you did latelie constreine to lurke in desert places and corners out of sight Against this enimie I say therefore worthie of reuengement for his so manifold outrages shew your selues valiant and with manlie stomaches driue him out of our confines For as far as I can perceiue the victorie is yours God surelie will aid you who cannot longer abide the sinnes of this people Wherefore he that loseth his life in so iust a quarell according to the saieng of our sauiour shall find it Let not their rash and presumptuous boldnesse make you afraid sith so manie tokens of your approoued valiancie cannot cause them to stand in doubt of you You are clad in armour and so appointed with helmet curase grâ—iues and target that the enimie knoweth not where to strike and hurt you Then sith you shall haue to doo with naked men and such as vse not to weare any armour at all but more méet for brablers and
of S. Laurence Herevpon were hostages deliuered by the burgesses vnto the French king Now it was agréed that if they line 30 yéelded the towne at the daie appointed for want of succor king Henrie the son and Robert the French kings brother with the earls of Trois Blois Henrie and Theobald and William archbish of Sens vndertooke vpon their othes that the hostages should then be restored free without any hurt or damage King Henrie being certified from them within of the composition thus made was driuen to a verie hard shift for he doubted nothing lesse than that any such thing should haue chanced Yet considering with line 40 himselfe that the sauing of the towne stood in his speedie comming to the rescue he hasted thither without any staie and came to the place the daie before the third and last daie of the truce King Lewes perceiuing him to be come doubting least he should lose the preie which he looked for sent vnto the king and required that he might common with him on the next daie touching some means of agréement to be had betwixt him and his sons This did he of policie to féed him with hope of some end to be made in the line 50 troubles betwixt him and his sons till he had gotten possession of the towne Now as he forecast that matter euen so it came to passe for whilest a great péece of the next daie was spent in feined talke about an agréement K. Lewes appointed a great part of his host to close the towne about and to declare vnto them within that king Henrie was put to flight which talke they within Uernueil beléeuing yéelded the towne themselues to the French men Soone after king Lewes mistrusting line 60 least he should not be able to kéepe it set it on fire and so burnt it contrarie to the composition betwixt him and them agréed and concluded vpon He kept also the souldiers that had yeelded it into his hands togither with the hostages as prisoners and doubting to cope with his enimie went awaie in the night with as still noise as was possible Which euill dealing had not inuaded his hart but that euill meaning had possessed it before euen at the composition making but he neuer learned that Fidem qui perdit nihil potest vltra perdere King Henrie at length perceiuing the fraud sent certeine bands of his horssemen after to pursue the enimie but for that king Lewes was alreadie gotten into the inner parts of his owne countrie those which were sent turned vpon those that were left in the hindermost ward of whome they slue a great number both horssemen and footmen K. Henrie following his men came to Uernueil and staieng there that night tooke order for the repairing and new fortifieng of the towne On the morrow after he went to the castell of Danuille and wan it taking diuerse knights and yeomen within it this castell belonged to one Gilbert de Tileres And thus it came to passe touching the attempt of the French king for the winning of Uernueil as in some authors we find reported ¶ Other write otherwise of the mater as thus the French K. being summoned by K. Henrie the father either to depart from the siege of Uernueil or to looke for battell hearing also that in performance of the message K. Henrie approched with his power he sent a bishop an abbat vnto him to vnderstand if he meant to giue battell in deed The messengers met king Henrie as he was aduanced before his host vpon some occasion with a small companie about him vnto whom they declared that their maister the French king required to be assured whether he should haue battell or no. King Henrie armed as he was with fierce countenance and dreadfull voice made this short answere Get you hence and tell your king that I am here at hand The messengers returning to their maister declared what they had séene and heard Wherevpon without longer staie he raised his field and with a gallant and mightie armie departed home to his great dishonour not winning the towne at all as by the same author it should appeere About the same time the earle of Flanders one of the confederats besieged the towne of Albemarle and the earle therof within it which earle was thought to betraie the towne bicause it was so easilie woone and both he himselfe and those which king Henrie the father had sent thither to defend the towne were taken prisoners Diuerse other places which belonged to the same earle were also immediatlie deliuered into the enimies hands which increased the suspicion After this towne of Newcastell otherwise called Drincourt in those frontiers was besieged and finallie woone by surrender by the said earle of Flanders who reioised nothing at the gaine of that towne for his brother Matthew the earle of Bullongne who should haue béene his heire was shot into the knée with an arrow as he approched to the wals and died of the hurt within a few daies after The earle of Flanders was so pensife for his brothers death that he brake vp his iournie and returned blaming his euill hap and follie in that he had attempted war against his coosen germane king Henrie who neuer had harmed him but rather had doone him manie great and singular pleasures from time to time ¶ Good cause had the earle to giue ouer the prosequuting of violence against his souereigne being dawnted with so heauie a chance griped also with the grudge of conscience in so vnkindlie rewarding his welwiller at whose hands he confessed himselfe to haue receiued manie a benefit Wherein we are to note that ingratitude neuer hurieth anie so much as him or them in whom it is nestled And hereto alludeth the comedie-writer when he saith verie neatlie morem hunc homines habent quod sibi volunt Dum id impetrāt boni sunt sed id vbi iam pene◠se habēt Ex bonis pessimi fraudulentissimi sunt Moreouer Henrie the elder after the iournie of Uernueil ended came backe to Rouen and there vnderstanding that Hugh earle of Chester and Raft de Foulgiers men of singular prowesse who long before were reuolted to his sonne Henrie had taken the castell of Dole in Britaine and there making warre brought all the countrie into trouble he sent foorth streightwaies certeine of his capteines with the Brabanders to aid his people in those parts who on the twentith day of August being monday encountring with the enimies discomfited them in battell tooke seauenteene knights besides diuerse others both horssemen and footmen slue aboue fifteene hundred of the enimies being Britaines and pursuing the residue entred the towne which they wan and droue their aduersaries into the castell where line 10 they besieged them and with all spéed aduertised the king of that enterprise who immediatlie with all possible hast came thither applieng his whole diligence to win
the Welshmen that could not well like of the gouernement of Dauid and therefore sore lamenting the captiuitie of his brother Griffin whom before as ye haue heard he had by a traine taken and kept still as prisoner began to make warre vpon the said Dauid and those that tooke his part the which on the other side sought to oppresse their aduersaries so that there insued much bloudshed and slaughter betwéene the parties The wife also of the said Griffin and such other noble men as were become enimies vnto Dauid sent and writ vnto king Henrie requiring his aid that Griffin might be deliuered out of his brothers hands promising him great helpe and furtherance with large conditions of submission and assurance furthermore to be at his commandement and to receiue him for their true and souereigne lord King Henrie vnderstanding all their dooings and intents thought that this contention betwéene the two brethren for the title of Wales would serue verie well for his purpose and therefore he hasted foorth with a spéedie armie of men in that countrie purposing to reduce the same vnder his obeisance Herewith Senena or Guenhera the wife of Griffin and other of the Welsh Nobilitie that tooke part with hir concluded a league with king Henrie vpon certeine conditions as the same are conteined in an instrument or charter the tenour whereof beginneth as followeth Conuenit inter dominum Henricum tertium regem Anglorum illustremex vna parte Senenam vxorem Griffini filij Leolini quondà m principis Northwalliae quem Dauid frater eius tenet carceri mancipatum cum Owino filio suo nomine eiusdem Griff. ex altera c. Articles of agreement betweene Henrie the thâ—â—d of that name king of England of the one partiâ— and Senena the wife of Griffin the sonne of Leolin sometimes prince of Northwales whom Dauid his brother deteineth in prison with Owen his sonne in the name of the said Griffin of the other partie IN primis the saâ—d Senena vndertakeâ—â— line 1 that the said Griffin hir husband will giue vnto the king six hundred markes vpoâ— condition that the king ouâ— cause the saiâ— Griffin and Owen his sonne to be deliuered from the prison wherein they are kept and will stand to the iudgement of the kings court whether by law he ought to be imprisoned or no. line 2 Item the said Griffin and his heires will stand to the iudgement of the kings court for and concerning that portion of the inheritance of the said Leolin his father which of right ought to apperteine vnto him Item the said Senena vndertaketh for the said line 3 Griffin and his heires that the said Griffin and his heires shall yéeld and paie yearelie to the king for the same lands the summe of thrée hundred markes Whereof the first third part to be paid in monie the line 10 second in kine and the third in horsses by the estimation of indifferent men and the same to be paid yearlie at Michaelmas and Easter by euen portions by the hands of the shiriffe of the countie of Salop for the time being Item the said Senena vndertaketh further for the line 4 said Griffin and his heires that they and euerie of them shall obserue the peace against the said Dauid and suffer him quietlie to inioy such portion of his fathers inheritance as to him shall be found to be line 20 due Item the said Senena dooth further vndertake line 5 for the said Griffin hir husband and his heires that in case anie Welshman hereafter shall happen to rebell against the king they at their owne costs and charges shall compell the said offendor to make satisfaction to the king for his disobedience line 6 Item for the performance of the premisses the said Senena will deliuer vnto the lord the king Dauid and Roderike hir sonnes for pledges with prouiso line 30 that if the said Griffin and Owen or either of them shall happen to die before their deliuerie out of the said prison it shall be lawfull for the said Senena to haue one of hir sonnes released the other remaining with the king for pledge Item the said Senena hath sworne vpon the holie line 7 Euangelist that the said Griffin hir husband and his heires and euerie of them shall accomplish and performe all the premisses on their behalfe and further vndertaketh that the said Griffin hir husband line 40 vpon his deliuerie out of prison shall take the same oth Item the said Senena in the name of the said line 8 Griffin hir husband submitteth hir selfe concerning the obseruation of the premisses vnto the iurisdiction of the reuerend fathers the bishops of Hereford and Lichfield so that the said bishops or either of them at the kings request shall compell the said Griffin and his heires to obserue all and singular the premisses on their behalfe by sentence of excommunication line 50 vpon their persons and interdiction vpon their lands line 9 Lastlie the said Senena dooth vndertake and promise Bona fide to see and procure the full performance of all the premisses and that the said Griffin hir husband and his heires shall allow and performe the same and thereof shall deliuer his instrument in writing to the king in forme aforesaid To this charter both parties put their seales Griffin and Senena to that part which remained with the king and the K. line 60 to that part which remained with Senena Finallie for the performance of the articles in this instrument or writing conteined the â—aid ladie in name of hir husband procured diuerse Noble men to become suerties or pledges that is to saie Ralfe de Mortimer Walter de Clifford Roger de Monthualt seneshall of Chester Mailgun ap Mailgun Meredoc ap Robert Griffin ap Maddoc of Bromefield Houwell and Meredoc brethren Griffin ap Wenuwen which persons vndertooke for the said ladie that the couenants on hir part should be performed and thervpon they also bound themselues by their writings obligatorie vnto the said king in forme following Omnibus hoc scriptum visuris Rogerus de monte alto senescallus Cestriae salutem Sciatis quòd ego me constitui plegium c. TO all and singular to whome this writing shall come Roger de monte alto the steward of Chester sendeth greeting Know yee that I haue constituted my selfe pledge for Senena the wife of Griffin the sonne of Leolin sometimes prince of Northwales and haue vndertaken for hir to our souereigne lord Henrie king of England that the said Senena shall accomplish and performe all and singular those couenants and articles agreed vpon betweene our said souereigne lord and the said Senena for and concerning the deliuerance of the said Griffin hir husband and Owen his sonne out of the prison of Dauid his brother and the portion of inheritance due vnto the said Griffin which the said Dauid keepeth from him by force In witnesse whereof to this present writing I haue put my seale Dated at Salop the mondaie before
Farnham where he was kept as prisoner The archbishop thus serued at his first comming ouer and taking the same but for a homlie welcome was maruellouslie offended and comming to London accompanied with the bishops of Chichester and Hereford in the church of saint Marie bowe being reuested in pontificalibus pronounced all those accurssed which were authours or fauourers of such a rash and presumptuous deed and further commanded all the bishops within his prouince by vertue of their obedience to denounce the same in their churches euerie sundaie and holie day The bishop of Winchester on the other part sent commandement to the deane of Southwarke to resist the archbishop to his face and to denounce his cursse to be void vaine and of no force but deuised of a craftie purpose and wicked meaning The archbishop continuing in his conceiued displeasure went to Oxenford and there on the morrow after saint Nicholas day renewed the same cursse in solemne wise before all the learned men students and scholers of the Uniuersitie Howbeit at length the matter was taken vp betwixt them for the king in his brothers cause year 1253 and the queene for hir vncle the archbishop tooke some paine to agree them and so in the octaues of the Epiphanie they were made freends and those absolued that were excommunicated in which number William de Ualence and Iohn de Warren were thought to be conteined as those that should be present in vsing the force against the officiall as before ye haue heard By inquirie taken about this time by the diligence of the bishop of Lincolne it was found that the yéerlie profits and reuenues of spirituall promotions and liuings resting in strangers hands preferred by the popes prouisions amounted to the summe of thréescore and ten thousand marks which was more by two third parts than the kings reuenues belonging to his crowne The earle of Glocester and the lord William de Ualence went ouer into France in most triumphant manner to conclude a marriage betwixt the sonne of the said earle of Glocester and the daughter of the lord Guie of Engolesme Which marriage the king had motioned for the affection which he bare towards the aduancement of his linage by the mothers side Whereat bicause they were strangers the English nobilitie somewhat repined And whereas like lustie yoong gentlemen they attempted a iusts and tornie to shew some proofe of their valiant stomachs they were well beaten by the Frenchmen that disdained to see yoong men so presumptuous to prouoke old accustomed warriours to the triall of such martiall enterprises About the beginning of Lent the new moone was seene foure daies before shée ought to haue appeared by hir due and common course The king by a shift got of the Londoners 1000 marks For as it happened about the same time the youthfull citizens for an exercise and triall of their actiuitie had set foorth a game to run at the quintine and whosoeuer did best should haue a peacocke which they had prepared for a prise Certeine of the kings seruants bicause the court laie then at Westminster came as it were in spite of the citizens to the game and giuing reprochfull names to the Londoners which for the dignitie of the citie and ancient priuileges which they ought to haue inioied were called barons the said Londoners not able to beare so to be misused fell vpon the kings seruants and bet them shrewdlie so that vpon complaint the king caused the citizens to fine for their rash dooings Wherein the Londoners followed the counsell of him that in a case of strife said Tu ne cede malis sed contra audentior ito Audaces fortuna iuuat Moreouer about the same time the king vpon displeasure conceiued against the earle of Leicester had caused him to resigne his office of the wardenship of Gascoigne and bicause the earle had it by patent the king not able to find any iust cause of forfeiture agréed to paie vnto him for the resignation no small portion of monie And whereas the Gascoignes had charged the earle with too much streict handling of them whereby they were occasioned to raise tumults the matter was now nothing at all amended For after the earle had resigned they continued still in rebellion so that the Rioll with S. Millions and other places were taken by the aduersaries out of the kings hands and great slaughter of people made in those parts wherefore the king minding to go thither caused musters to be taken and men put in a redinesse according to the custome that he might vnderstand what number of able men furnished for the warre were to be had He also tooke order that euerie line 10 man that might dispend yeerlie fiftéene pounds in lands should be made knight Moreouer for the better preseruation of peace and quietnesse amongst his people he appointed watch to be kept by night in cities and borough townes And further by the aduise of the Sauoisines which were about him he ordeined that if any man chanced to be robbed or by any meanes damnified by any théefe or robber he to whom the kéeping of that countrie cheefelie apperteined where the robberie was line 20 doone should competentlie restore the losse and this was after the vsage of Sauoy but was thought more hard to be obserued here than in those parts where are not so manie bypaths and starting corners to shift out of the waie ¶ The Gascoignes continued in their seditious dooings and namelie Gascon de Bierne who renouncing his dutie and obedience to the king of England ioined himselfe to the king of Spaine through his helpe to be the stronger more able to annoie the English subiects The euill intreating line 30 vsed towards the Gascoignes which brought hither wines in that the same were oftentimes taken from them by the kings officers and other without readie monie allowed for the sale gaue occasion to them to grudge and repine against the king In the quindene of Easter a parlement began at London in which all the states being assembled the matter was mooued for aiding the king with some reléefe of monie towards the iournie which he ment to make into the holie land and so at length it was line 40 agréed that a tenth part of all the reuenues belonging to the church was granted to him for thrée yeares space and that escuage should be leuied for that yeare after thrée markes of euerie knights fée and the king on the other part promised faithfullie to obserue and mainteine the grant of the great charter and all the articles conteined within the same For further assurance whereof on the third day of Maie in the great hall at Westminster in the presence and by the assent of the king and the earles of Norfolke line 50 Hereford Oxford Warwike and other Noble men by the archbishop of Canturburie as primate and by the bishops of London Elie Lincolne
destroied them all but in the end the Englishmen were distressed line 50 through the valiancie of Dauid one of the sonnes of the great Leolin and other capteines of the Welsh nation Neuerthelesse Matthew Westminster saith brieflie that the English men were treasonablie slaine so that it séemeth that Matthew Paris speaketh rather of an affection and good will which he bare to the Welsh procéedings in those daies than otherwise For who so marketh the course of his historie shall line 60 perceiue that he had no good liking of the state in those daies neither concerning the ecclesiasticall nor temporall policie in somuch that he sticketh not to commend the Welshmen greatlie for their holding togither against the oppression as he meaneth it of the English gouernement and no doubt there was cause that mooued him to such misliking namelie the often paiments and collections of monie by the popes agents and other such misorders as dailie were permitted or rather mainteined to the impouerishing of both estates spirituall and temporall Godfrey de Kinton was consecrated archbishop of Canturburie at Rome about the feast of Christmasse last past and so returned from thence home to his cure There was an ordinance made about this time for punishment to be had of the extortion of shiriffes so that aswell the receiuer as the giuer of bribes was punishable Which law if it were now executed vpon all officers occupiers whatsoeuer there would not be so much wealth and substance so great riches and treasure raked vp togither in the possession of some few men as the old sage saieng importeth Quisquis ditatur rapidos miluos imitatur The bishops of Worcester and Lincolne with the earles of Norfolke and Leicester were sent ouer in ambassage vnto a councell holden at Cambrey for a league and peace to be concluded betwixt the kingdoms of England and France and also the empire but bicause the French king looked to haue the king of England there when he heard that the same king came not he also staied at home and so no conclusion followed at that assemblie Ione countesse of Penbroke the wife of William de Ualence the kings halfe brother demanded hir right of dower in such lands as belonged to hir by title of inheritance At length she had to the value of fiue hundred marks assigned hir of the same lands notwithstanding hir heritage amounted to the sum of a thousand marks and aboue of yearelie reuenues but for that she should not aid hir husband with part thereof the one halfe was thought sufficient for hir maintenance About Aduent next insuing she went ouer vnto hir husband either for the desire she had to inioy his personall presence or for that she thought hirselfe not well dealt with to be abridged of those reuenues which by right of inheritance were hir owne In the first night of December there chanced a maruellous sore tempest of lightning and thunder with mightie winds and raine as a token and signe of the troubles that after followed the more noted for that thunder in the winter season is not commonlie heard of Guy de Rochford a Poictouin to whom about two yeares before the king had giuen the castell of Rochester was now banished the realme and depriued of all that he held in this land About this season there rose great variance amongst the scholers of Oxford being of sundrie countries as Scotishmen Welshmen Northern men and Southern men who fell so farre at square that they raised baners one against an other and fought togither in somuch that diuerse were slaine and manie hurt on both parties ¶ The Welshmen this yeare notwithstanding their good successe had in these late wars considered with themselues that if the barons of England did once ioine in one knot of fréendship they would with maine force easilie subdue them wherefore to preuent that which might chance vnto them by stubborne resistance they made suit to be receiued into the kings peace offering to giue vnto him the summe of foure thousand markes and to his sonne the lord Edward thrée hundred marks and to the queene two hundred marks Yet the king would not accept those offers and so the matter depended in doubtfull balance a certeine time The Welshmen in the meane season attempted not any exploit but rather sate still in hope to come at length to some reasonable agreement ¶ The moonks of Winchester meaning to prouide themselues of a bishop now that Athelmare aliàs Odomare the kings halfe brother was banished the realme elected one Henrie de Wingham the kings chancellor in hope that the K. would be contented with his election and so he was but yet conditionallie that if the pope would allow his said halfe brother for bishop then should the other giue place About the feast of S. Hilarie when knowledge was giuen that king Richard of Almaine meant to returne into England year 1259 there were sent ouer vnto him the bishop of Worcester the abbat of saint Edmundsburie Peter de Sauoy and Iohn Mansell as ambassadours from the baronage and communaltie of the realme to require of him an oth to stand vnto and obeie the ordinances of the late parlement holden at Oxenford When the said ambassadors came before his presence and declared to him the effect of their message he beheld them with a sterne looke and frowning countenance saieng and binding it with an oth that he would neither be sworne line 10 nor kéepe any such ordinances as had beene made without his consent neither would he make them of counsell how long his purpose was to staie within the realme which the ambassadours required also to vnderstand Herevnto he further added that he had no péere in England for he was the sonne of the deceased king and brother of the king that now reigned and also earle of Cornewall and therefore if the barons of England ment to reforme the state of the kingdome their duetie had beene first to haue sent line 20 for him and not to haue proceeded so presumptuouslie in such a weightie cause without his presence or consent When one of the ambassadours was about to haue made answer somewhat roundlie and also nippinglie vnto this spéech vttered by the king of Almaine he was staied by one of his associats And so the ambassadours vnderstanding his mind returned with all conuenient speed The king of Almaine had assembled a great host of men on the further side the sea meaning with all line 30 expedition to haue passed hither into England but when he had aduertisement giuen that there was a power raised in England and bestowed both by sea and land to resist him he changed his purpose by aduise of his freends so that he consented to receiue such manner of oth as the barons required and herewith taking the sea he arriued at Douer on saint Iulians daie with his owne houshold-seruants bringing with him no traine of strangers
that by force which otherwise he could not obteine by quiet meanes ¶ This yéere the people paid a fifteenth to the king of all their temporall goods which was said to be granted first to his father The same yeere departed this life Iohn Breton line 30 bishop of Hereford who being verie expert in the lawes of the land compiled a booke of them called Le Breton The 11 of September a generall earthquake chanced betwixt the first houre and the third of the same daie the church of S. Michaell on the hill without Glastenburie was therwith throwne down to the ground After this it rained bloud in the countrie of Wales as a prodigious euill token to that nation with whose bloud shortlie after that region was in manie places moistened and stained For as line 40 it chanced shortlie after Leolin the sonne of Griffin came to haue the gouernment of Wales who partlie to raise new seditions in England and partlie to purchase him friendship and aliance in France sent vnto king Philip requiring of him that he might haue in marriage the ladie Eleanor daughter to Simon Montfort earle of Leicester the which togither with hir mother and brother Emerike remained as banished persons in France The French king granted his request and sent hir vnder the conduct of line 50 hir said brother to be conueied into Wales vnto Leolin who had promised to marrie hir But yer they approched to Wales at the I le of Sillie both the brother sister were taken by foure ships of Bristow the owners whereof that so tooke them sent them vnto king Edward When Leolin vnderstood that his wife was taken from him by the waie as she was comming he was not a little wroth and incontinentlie began to make warre vpon king Edwards subiects that bordered neere vnto Wales killing the line 60 people spoiling their goods and burning vp their townes and houses on each side Herewith the king of England was so mooued that although the said Leolin made sute for peace and offred no small sum of monie to haue the daughter of the earle of Leicester his fianced wife deliuered to him yet would not the king by any meanes consent to that marriage nor receiue any monie of him except he would restore vnto the right owners such lands as he had inuaded and got into his possession and further repaire such castels as he had destroied Herevpon grew no small grudge betwixt the Welshmen and Englishmen so that to represse the inuasion of the enimies in the parts towards Bristow Mountgomerie and Chester the king sent three hundred men in armes on horssebacke In the quindene of Easter the king departing from Westminster hasted towards Wales with a mightie power and caused the courts of the excheker and of his bench to remooue vnto Shrewesburie that they might be néere vnto him making forward with all conuenient speed to come to the aid and succour of his liege people Hervpon entring into Wales he tooke the castell of Rutland and sent into Westwales a valiant capteine named Paine de Camureâ—js who with fire and sword wasted that countrie so that the people offering themselues to the kings peace deliuered vnto the said Paine the castell of Stridewie with the countrie adioining Then Leolin the prince of Wales perceiuing that he was not able to resist the kings power and knowing that if he did attempt the conflict against him the danger would redound to himself his traine did as th' old verse counselleth Peruigili cura semper meditare futura and therefore made suit for peace in so much that finallie it was agreed that commissioners for both parts should talke concerning certeine articles and whatsoeuer they concluded aswell the king as the said Leolin should hold the same for firme and stable The king appointed one of his commissioners to wit the lord Robert de Tiptost to take an oth for him authorised the said Robert Anthonie Beke and frier William de Southampton prior prouinciall of the friers preachers commissioners nominated on his behalfe to receiue the like oth of the said Leolin Which Leolin appointed commissioners for his part Tuder ap Edeuenet and Grono ap Helin the which commissioners with good deliberation concluded vpon certeine points and articles of which the principall were as followeth First that the said Leolin should set at libertie all line 1 prisoners which he held in captiuitie for the king of Englands cause freelie and without all challenge Secondlie that to haue peace and the kings of line 2 Englands fauour he should giue vnto the said king fiftie thousand pounds sterling the daies of the paiment whereof to rest in the kings will and pleasure Thirdlie that the land of the foure cantreds without line 3 all contradiction should remaine for euer to the king and his heires with all lands conquered by the king and his people the I le of Anglesey excepted which I le was granted to the prince so that he should paie for the same yearelie the summe of one thousand marks and fiue thousand marks for an income Prouided that if the prince chanced to die without issue then the said Ile to reuert againe into the kings hands Fourthlie that the prince shall come to Rothelan line 4 or Rothland as it is commonlie called there to doo fealtie to the king and before his comming thither he should be absolued and haue the interdiction of his lands released and at his being at Rothelan a daie shall be appointed him by the king for his comming to London there to doo his homage Herevpon was order taken for his safe conduct aswell in his comming to Rothelan as to London There be that write that he was appointed to come vnto London at the feast of the natiuitie of our Lord. Fiftlie it was couenanted that all the homages line 5 of Wales should remaine to the king except onelie of fiue barons which inhabited néere vnto the castell of Snowdon for otherwise the said Leolin could not conuenientlie call himselfe prince except he haâ— some barons vnder him Sixtlie that he should receiue the title and name of line 6 prince so long as he liued and after his deceasse the homages of those fiue barons should reuert to the king and to his heires foreuer line 7 Seuenthlie the king granted vnto the said Leolin the lands that belonged 〈◊〉 his brother Dauid for â—â—arme of the said Leolins life and in recompense thereof was contented to saâ—â—fie the said Dauid with other lands in some other place the which after the decease of the said Leolin 〈◊〉 Dauid should reuert to the king and his heires For the assurance of which articles and couenants the prince deliuered for hostages ten persons of the best in Wales which he could get without imprisonment line 10 disheriting or terme of deliueraâ—â—e and of euerie cantred twentie persons of the best and most sufficient to be chosen by such
beene mooued rashlie betwixt the Englishmen and the Normans without any commission of their princes their minds therefore were not so kindled in displeasure but that there had béen good hope of agréement betwixt them if Charles earle of Ualois the French kings brother being a man of a hot nature desirous of reuenge had not procured his brother to seeke reuengement by force of armes Wherevpon the French fléet made toward the Englishmen who minding not to detract the batell sharplie incountred their enimies in a certeine place betwixt England and Normandie where they had laid a great emptie ship at anchor to giue token where they meant to ioine There were with the Englishmen both Irishmen and Hollanders and with the Normans there were Frenchmen and Flemings and certeine vessels of Genowaies The fight at the first was doubtfull and great slaughter made as in the meeting of two such mightie nauies must néeds insue Yet in the end the victorie fell to the Englishmen and the French ships put to the chase and scattered abroad The number of ships lost is not recorded by such writers as make report of this conflict but they write that the losse was great King Philip being aduertised of this discomfiture of his fléet was sore displeased and as though he would proceed against king Edward by order of law he summoned him as his liegeman to appeare at Paris to answer what might be obiected against him but withall bicause he knew that king Edward would not come to make his appearance he prepared an armie In the meane time king Edward sent his brother Edmund earle of Lancaster to be his attornie and to make answer for him before all such iudges as might haue hearing of the matter but the iudges meaning nothing lesse than to trie out the truth of the cause admitted no reasons that the earle could alledge in his brothers behalfe and so pronounced king Edward a rebell and decreed by arest that he had forfeited all his right vnto the duchie of Guien These things thus doone he sent priuie messengers vnto Burdeaux to procure the citizens to reuolt from the Englishmen and appointed constable of France the lord Arnold de Neale to follow with an armie who comming thither easilie brought them of Burdeaux vnder the French dominion being alreadie minded to reuolt through practise of those that were latelie before sent vnto them from the French king for that purpose After this the said constable brought the people néere adioining vnder subiection partlie mooued by the example of the chéefe and head citie of all the countrie and partlie induced therevnto by bribes and large gifts The Englishmen that were in the countrie after they perceiued that the people did thus reuolt to the French king withdrew incontinentlie vnto the townes situat néere to the sea side but speciallie they fled to a towne called the Rioll which they fortified with all speed Thus saith Polydor Nicholas Triuet writing hereof declareth the beginning of this warre to be on this manner The English merchants being diuerslie vexed vpon the seas made complaint to the king for losse of their line 10 merchandize The king sent Henrie Lacie earle of Lincolne vnto the French king instantlie requiring that by his assent there might some waie be prouided with speed by them and their councell for some competent remedie touching such harmes and losses by sea as his people had susteind In the meane time whilest the earle taried for answer a nauie of the parts of Normandie conteining two hundred ships and aboue being assembled togither that they might the more boldlie assaile their enimies and the more line 20 valiantlie resist such as should encounter them sailed into Gascoigne determining to destroie all those of their aduersaries that should come in their waie But as these Normane ships returned backe with wines glorieng as it were that they had got the rule of the sea onelie to themselues they were assailed by thréescore English ships which tooke them brought them into England the friday before Whitsunday all the men were either drowned or slaine those onelie excepted which made shift to escape by botes The line 30 newes hereof being brought into France did not so much mooue the king and the councell to woonder at the matter as to take thereof great indignation Ambassadors were appointed to go into England which on the behalfe of the French king might demand of king Edward restitution of those ships and goods thus taken by his subiects and conueied into his realme without all delaie if he minded to haue any fauour in the French court touching his affairs line 40 that belonged to his countrie of Gascoigne The king of England hearing this message tooke therein deliberation to answer and then sent the bishop of London accompaned with other wise and discréet persons into France to declare for answer vnto the French king and his councell as followeth that is Whereas the king of England hath his regall court without subiection to any man if there were therefore any persons that found themselues hurt or indamaged by his people they might come to his court and vpon declaration of their receiued iniuries line 50 they should haue speedie iustice and to the end they might thus doo without all danger whosoeuer minded to complaine he would giue vnto them a safe conduct to come and go in safetie thorough his land but if this waie pleased not the French king then he was content there should be arbitrators chosen on both sides who weieng the losses on both parts might prouide how to satisfie the complaints and the king of England would for his part enter into line 60 bonds by obligation to stand to and abide their order and iudgement herein so that the French king would likewise be bound for his part and if any such doubt fortuned to arise which could not be decided by the said arbitrators let the same be reserued vnto the kings themselues to discusse and determine and the king of England vpon a sufficient safe conduct had would come ouer to the French K. if he would come downe vnto any hauen towne néere to the sea coast that by mutuall assent an end might bée had in the businesse but if neither this waie should please the French king nor the other then let the matter be committed to the order of the pope to whom it apperteined to nourish concord among christian princes or bicause the see was as then void let the whole colledge of cardinals or part of them take order therein as should be thought necessarie that strife and discord being taken awaie and remoued peace might againe flourish betwixt them and their people as before time it had doone and bring with it the blessings therevpon depending namelie althings that may make an happie fortunat state according to the nature of peace whereof it is said Pax est cunctorum mater veneranda bonorum Fit sub
sent vnto the French king a frier preacher named Hugh of Manchester and a frier minor called William de Gainesbourgh both being wise and discréet men and doctours of diuinitie to declare vnto him that sith he would not obserue such agréements as had béene concluded betwixt their ancestours and further had broken such couenants as were now of late agreed vpon betwixt them by the trauell of his brother Edmund earle of Lancaster there was no cause whie he ought to account him being king of England and duke of Guien as his liegeman neither did he intend or meane further to be bound vnto him by reason of his homage About the same time did the king of England send the archbishop of Dubline and the bishop of Duresme into Germanie about the concluding of a league with Adolph king of Romans to whome was giuen a great summe of monie as was said vpon couenants that he should aid the king of England against the French king with all his maine force and that neither of them should conclude peace with the said French king without consent of the other About the Ascension tide king Edward staied the woolles of this land aswell belonging to spirituall men as temporall men till the merchants had fined with him for the same so that there was a subsidie paied for all sarpliers of wooll that went out of the relme and in semblable wise for felles and hides He also sent an armie by sea into Gascoigne vnder the conduct of his nephue Iohn of Britaine that was earle of Richmond appointing to him as councellours the lord Iohn saint Iohn and the lord Robert Tiptost men of great wisdome and verie expert in warlike enterprises He also caused thrée seuerall fléets to be prepared and appointed to them thrée sundrie admerals for the better kéeping of the seas To them of Yarmouth and other of those parts he assigned the lord Iohn Botetourt to them of the cinque ports William de Leiborne and to them of the west countrie and to the Irishmen he appointed a valiant knight of Ireland as their chéefteine This yeare in England was a great dearth and scarsitie of corne so that a quarter of wheat in manie places was sold for thirtie shillings by reason whereof poore people died in manie places for lacke of sustnance About Michaelmas the English fléet tooke the sea at Portesmouth and after some contrarie winds yet at last they arriued within the riuer of Garon and so passing vp the same riuer wan diuers townes as Burge Blaines Rions and others The kings coffers by reason of furnishing foorth of this armie and other continuall charges which he had susteined were now in maner emptie for remedie whereof William March one of the kings treasurers purposed with other mens losses to supplie that want He knew that in abbeies and churches was much monie kept in store the which if he commanded to be taken from thence he thought that he should not commit any offense but rather doo a good déed that the monie might come abroad to the vse of the people whereby the souldiers might be satisfied for their wages Such capteins therefore as he appointed to worke the feat placing their soldiers in euerie quarter through the realme made search at one time in Iulie at thrée of the clocke in the afternoone for all such monie as was hid and laid vp in all hallowed places and taking the same awaie brought it vnto the king who dissembling the matter as he that stood in need excused the act doone by his treasurer so well as he could to auoid the enuie of the people and not content herewith he called togither shortlie after to wit on saint Matthewes day the apostle at London all the archbishops bishops deanes archdeacons not in their proper persons but by two procurators of euerie diocesse Here when they were once assembled the king declared vnto them the warres which he was driuen to mainteine against the Frenchmen the charges which he was at for the same He also shewed them that the earles barons knights of the realme did not onlie aid him with their goods but put their persons forward to serue him in defense of the land whereof they were members euen to the shedding of their bloud and oftentimes with losse of line 10 their liues Therfore saith he you which may not put your persons in perill by seruice in the warres it is good reason you should aid vs with your goods The cleargie hauing no speciall head by reason that the see of Canturburie was void wist not well how to gouerne themselues At length Oliuer bishop of Lincolne required in all their names to haue three daies respit to make answer to the matter the which time expired they offered to the king two dismes to be paid within one yeare The which when the line 20 king heard he tooke great disdaine therewith and threatned by some of his men of war to put the cleargie out of his protection except they would grant to him the halfe of their goods The cleargie put in feare herewith and some of them also desirous to win the kings fauour granted his request and so the king at that time got the halfe part of euerie spirituall mans liuing and benefice for one yeares extent to be paid in portions within thrée yeares next insuing beginning at twentie marks benefice so vpwards And line 30 the sooner to induce them herevnto he promised the bishops to grant some thing that might be beneficiall to the cleargie if they would demand it The bishops taking councell togither required of him that the statute of Mortmain might be repealed which they saw to be most preiudiciall to their order But the king answered them that without the whole consent of a parlement he could not breake that ordinance which by authoritie of parlement had beene once established and therefore he wished that they line 40 would not require that thing which laie not in him to grant and so by that means he shifted them off The spiritualtie was not onelie charged with this subsidie but they of the temporaltie were also burthened For the citizens and burgesses of good townes gaue to the king the sixt part of their goods and the residue of the people gaue the tenth part Moreouer about the same time the Welshmen eftsoones rebelled against the king and in diuerse parts made diuerse rulers amongst them Those of line 50 Northwales which inhabited about Snowdon hils hauing to their capteine one Madoc of the line of their former prince Leolin burned the towne and castell of Carnaruan sleaing a great multitude of Englishmen which doubting no such matter were come thither to the faire Those of the west part hauing chosen to their ruler one Malgon on the parts of Penbroke and Carmardin shires did much mischeefe And one
of the councell got him to his castell of Pomfret which he fortified and banded himselfe so with his fréends that it appeared he would defend his cause with force of armes rather than to come to his triall by order of law afore such a iudge and by reason hereof it was greatlie doubted least some ciuill warre would haue broken foorth But through the earnest labour of the kings another that notwithstanding 〈◊〉 indisposition of bodie to trauell by reason of his 〈◊〉 riding to and fro 〈…〉 made an agréement betwixt the king hir sonne and the duke to hir great comfort and 〈…〉 and no lesse suertie of quiâ—â—nesse to 〈…〉 About the same 〈◊〉 the French king had a great fléet of ships in Flanders so that it was doubted least he meant 〈…〉 England Wherevpon there sons sent to 〈…〉 the lord of S. Iohns and sir 〈…〉 with a strong nauie but they did no good suffering the 〈…〉 diuerse times to passe by 〈…〉 to set vpon them But the ships of Portesmouth Dertemouth bestirred themselues better for entering into the riuer of Saine they drowned foure of their enimies ships and tooke other foure with a barke of the lord Clissons one of the fairest that was to be found either in France or England In these vessels the Englishmen had a rich preie of wines and other merchandizes ¶ The king vpon some occasion tooke great displeasure against William Courtnie archbishop of Canturburie so storming against him as few durst speake anie thing in his excuse The lord chancellor Michaell de la Poole seeming to fauour line 10 his cause waslikelie to haue run in high displeasure Sir Thomas Triuet and sir Iohn Deuereux intreating for him were sore rebuked at his hands Yet at length after that the archbishop was withdrawne and had kept him close for a time he was thorough mediation of some fréends reconciled to the kings fauour About the same time the French king sent into Scotland the admerall of France with a thousand men of armes knights and esquiers besides crossebowes line 20 and other to ioine with the Scots and to make warres in England The Scots incouraged with this new aid sent to them out of France leuied a power so togither with the Frenchmen entered into the English confines and began to rob spoile and further tooke certeine castels and houses of defense The king of England aduertised hereof assembled an huge power of men of warre and first sent before him the duke of Lancaster with part of the line 30 armie and afterward followed himselfe with all conuenient spéed that might be At his comming into the parts about Yorke he was informed that the Scots and Frenchmen were withdrawne vpon the duke of Lancasters approch towards them but the king thought to kéepe on his iournie Whilest he was lodged in those parts a great mischance happened by reason of variance that fell betwixt certeine persons of the retinue of sir Iohn Holland brother vnto the earle of Kent and halfe brother to the king line 40 and other of the retinue of the lord Richard Stafford sonne to the earle of Stafford The cause of their falling out was about a knight of Boheme called sir Miles that was come to see the queene This knight kept companie most an end with the lord Richard Stafford and chancing to be at words with two of sir Iohn Hollands seruants there came two archers perteining to the lord Stafford which blamed them that were so about to misuse the stranger in words as they tooke it the strife hereby line 50 grew to that point in the end that one of the archers shot at one of sir Iohn Hollands seruants and slue him This mishap being reported to sir Iohn Holland set him in such a furie by reason of the loue which he had to his seruant that immediatlie he rushed foorth of his lodging to reuenge his death and through misfortune méeting with the lord Stafford slue him and doubting in what sort his déed might be taken fled streight vnto Beuerlie and there tooke sanctuarie The erle of Stafford tooke this misaduenture line 60 right heauilie as reason was yet bicause he would not trouble the host nor disappoint the iournie which they had in hand vpon the kings promise that he would doo vpright iustice in the matter as should be thought meet and conuenient he bare his gréefe so patientlie as he might so that he wan himselfe much praise for his wisedome therein shewed The king aduancing forwards with his armie came to the borders and entring into Scotland passed thorough Mers and Louthian wasting and spoiling all the townes houses and villages in his waie The abbeies of Melros Driburgh and Newbottell were burnt and those moonks and other people that were found in the same were slaine At his comming to Edenburgh he found all the people fled out of the towne but the houses and buildings he consumed with fire togither with the church of saint Giles At the humble sute of his vncle the duke of Lancaster Holie rood house was preserued from hurt for that the same duke in time of the rebellion of the commons here in England was lodged in that house and found much gentlenesse and freendship in the abbat and conuent so that he could doo no lesse than requite them with kindnesse at whose hands he found kindnesse for we are bound in conscience to tender them by whome we haue béene benefited vnlesse we will be counted vnciuill according to the old adage Arbor honoretur cuius nos vmbra tuetur Thus when the king had reuenged the displeasure afore receiued at the Scots and Frenchmens hands and remained in Edenburgh fiue daies he returned without proffer of battell or anie notable incounter The admerall of France was earnestlie in hand with the Scotish lords to persuade them to haue giuen battell to the English armie till he and diuers other knights of France were brought to the top of a mounteine from whence they might behold all the English armie as the same passed vnderneath them by a passage that laie by the foot of that mounteine for after that they had viewed the puissance of the Englishmen and as neere as they could numbered them they had no such eger minds to fight with them as before for they esteemed them to be six thousand men of armes and threescore thousand archers and other men of warre where the Scots and Frenchmen were not past a thousand speares and thirtie thousand of all other sorts and the most part of those but euill armed Therefore they determined vpon an other point which was to inuade England in an other quarter whilest the Englishmen burnt vp their countrie and so they set forward towards the west borders and passing ouer the mounteins that diuide Northumberland from Scotland they entered into Cumberland dooing much hurt in the lands that belonged to the lord Mowbraie to the earles of
you within this my land to rise thus against me Did you thinke to feare me with such your presumptuous boldnesse Haue I not armed men sufficient to haue beaten you downe compassed about like a sort of deere in a toile If I would trulie in this behalfe I make no more account of you than of the vilest skullions in my kitchen When he had said these words with much more he lift vp the duke of Glocester that all this while knéeled line 10 afore him and commanded the residue to rise also After this he led them courteouslie to his chamber where they sate and dranke togither And finallie it was concluded that they should all méet togither againe at the next parlement and ech one to receiue according to iustice and in the meane time the king tooke aswell the duke of Glocester as the duke of Ireland into his protection so that neither part in the meane time should hurt the other nor presume to make any gathering of people vntill the time prefixed line 20 and so this councell brake vp and the lords departed These things yet were doone in absence of the forenamed persons whom the lords accused for they durst not appeare in presence of the lords for if they had béene espied they had smarted for it as was thought without any respect that would haue béene had of the kings presence And now for somuch as it should be well knowne through all the citie that these lords had nothing offended him with their comming the king caused a proclamation to be made the tenour line 30 whereof was as followeth A proclamation clearing the lords of treason RIchard by the grace of God c. We will that it be knowne to all our liege people throughout our realme of England that line 40 whereas Thomas duke of Glocester Richard earle of Arundell Thomas earle of Warwike haue beene defamed of treason by certeine of our councellors we as it apperteineth diligentlie searching the ground cause of this defamation find no such thing in them nor any suspicion thereof wherfore we declare the same defamation to be false and vntrue and doo receiue line 50 the same duke and earles into our speciall protection And bicause these accusers shall be notoriouslie knowne their names are Alexander archbishop of Yorke sir Robert Ueere duke of Ireland Michaell de la Poole earle of Suffolke Robert Trisilian lord chiefe iustice and sir Nicholas Brambre of London knight who in like case shall remaine till the next parlement and there shall stand to their answers But in the line 60 meane time we likewise take them into our protection streictlie charging and commanding that no maner of person charge any of the forenamed either priuilie or apertlie in word or deed to hurt them or cause any hurt to be doone to them but all quarels demands against them to be remitted vntill the next parlement prefixed Now to haue all things in more perfect readinesse and remembrance when the estates should be assembled certeine of the lords were appointed to sit in the meane time to deuise how they might procéed orderlie in redresse of such matters as séemed to require some spéedie reformation neither did they thinke it good to depart in sunder for feare to be intrapped through the malicious practise of their aduersaries Which doubt of theirs seemed afterwards to stand them in stéed of great wisedome For immediatlie after their said aduersaries came to the king and declared how they were dailie in danger of their liues by reason of the malice which the lords had conceiued against them onelie for the kings sake and not for any matter of their owne And whereas the king had promised that they should appeare at the next parlement which was at hand they told him plainelie that they neither durst nor would put their bodies in such manifest danger The king considering hereof withdrew himselfe from the companie of the lords that were assigned to fit at London to deliberate of matters that were to be talked of and ordered in the parlement and so that councell was deferred and laid aside and the kings councellors that stood in danger of their liues through the malice of the lords confederated with the duke of Glocester got them from the court and withdrew some into this place and some into that Among other the earle of Suffolke fled ouer vnto Calis in secret wise by the helpe of a knight called sir William Hoo who holpe to conueie him thither He had changed his apparell and shauen his beard and so disguised counterfeited himselfe to be a poulter and to sell certeine foule which he had gotten by which means he was not knowne till at length comming to the gates of the castell wherof his brother sir Edmund dela Poole was capteine he discouered to him scarselie knowing who he was by reason he was so disguised the whole occasion of his repairing thither requiring him to keepe his counsell and that he might remaine with him in priuie maner for a time till he might heare more how things went in England from whence he was thus fled to auoid the bloudie hands of his enimies that sought his life His brother doubting what might be laid to his charge if he shuld conceale this matter from the lord William Beauchampe lord deputie of the towne streightwaies aduertised him thereof who tooke order that the earle should foorthwith be sent backe againe into England to the king who receiued him with small thanks to them that brought him ouer so that as some write his brother being one was committed to prison for disclosing him But yet bicause it should not séeme that he imprisoned him for that cause he was shortlie after set at libertie and returned againe to his charge at Calis The earle was also permitted to go whither he would although the king had vndertaken to present him and others at the next parlement to answer their offenses as the same might be laid to their charge ¶ But here it may be doubted by the vncertentie of writers whether the earle of Suffolke thus fled ouer to Calis before the iournie at Ratcote bridge or after But whether it chanced either after or before it is certeine that since the time that the lords had forced the king to promise to exhibit him and others at the next parlement to abide their trials he durst not openlie remaine in the court but taking leaue of the king departed from him Whervpon the king being out of quiet for the absence of him and other his best beloued councellors whom he so much estéemed and namelie of the duke of Ireland and the said earle of Suffolke he appointed one Thomas Molineux constable of the castell of Chester a man of high valiancie and great power in the parties of Cheshire and Lancashire to raise an armie of men with the assistance of the shiriffe of Cheshire to whom his commission of authoritie in that behalfe vnder the
Canturburie denounced an heretike remitted againe line 50 to the Tower of London from which place either by helpe of fréends or fauour of kéepers he priuilie escaped and came into Wales where he remained for a season After this the king kéeping his Christmasse at his manor of Eltham was aduertised that sir Roger Acâ—on knight year 1414 a man of great wit and possessions Iohn Browne esquier Iohn Beuerlie priest and a great number of other were assembled in armour against the king his brethren the clergie and realme line 60 These newes came to the king on the twelfth daie in Christmasse wherevpon vnderstanding that they were in a place called Fiâ—ket field beside London on the backe side of saint Giles he streight got him to his palace at Westminster in as secret wise as he might and there calling to him certeine bands of armed men he repaired into saint Giles fields néere to the said place where he vnderstood they should fullie méet about midnight and so handled the matter that he tooke some and siue some euen as stood with his pleasure The capteins of them afore mentioned being apprehended were brought to the kings presence and to him declared the causes of their commotion rising accusing a great number of their complices The king vsed one policie which much serued to the discomfiting of the aduersaries as Thom. Walsingham saith which was this he gaue order that all the gates of London should be streictlie kept and garded so as none should come in or out but such as were knowen to go to the king Hereby came it to passe that the chiefest succour appointed to come to the capteins of the rebels was by that meanes cut off where otherwise suerlie had it not beene thus preuented and staied there had issued foorth of London to haue ioined with them to the number as it was thought of fiftie thousand persons one and other seruants prentises and citizens confederate with them that were thus assembled in Ficket field Diuerse also that came from sundrie parts of the realme hasting towards the place to be there at their appointed time chanced to light among the kings men who being taken and demanded whither they went with such spéed answered they came to meet with their capteine the lord Cobham But whether he came thither at all or made shift for himselfe to get awaie it dooth not appeare for he could not be heard of at that time as Thomas Walsingham confesseth although the king by proclamation promised a thousand marks to him that could bring him foorth with great liberties to the cities or townes that would discouer where he was By this it maie appeare how greatlie he was beloued that there could not one be found that for so great a reward would bring him to light Among other that were taken was one William Murlie who dwelt in Dunstable a man of great wealth and by his occupation a brewer an earnest mainteiner of the lord Cobhams opinions and as the brute ran in hope to be highlie aduanced by him if their purposed deuise had taken place apparant by this that he had two horsses trapped with guilt harnesse led after him and in his bosome a paire of gilt spurs as it was déemed prepared for himselfe to weare looking to be made knight by the lord Cobhams hands at that present time But when he saw how their purpose quailed he withdrew into the citie with great feare to hide himselfe howbeit he was perceiued taken and finallie executed among others To conclude so manie persons herevpon were apprehended that all the prisons in and about London were full the chiefe of them were condemned by the cleargie of heresie and atteinted of high treason in the Guildhall of London and adiudged for that offense to be drawen and hanged and for heresie to be consumed with fire gallowes and all which iudgement wis executed the same moneth on the said sir Roger Acton and eight and twentie others ¶ Some saie that the occasion of their death was onelie for the conueieng of the lord Cobham out of prison Others write that it was both for treason and heresie and so it appeareth by the record Certeine affirme that it was for feined causes surmized by the spiritualtie more vpon displeasure than truth and that they were assembled to heare their preacher the foresaid Beuerlie in that place there out of the waie from resort of people sith they might not come togither openlie about any such matter without danger to be apprehended as the manner is and hath beene euer of the persecuted flocke when they are prohibited publikelie the exercise of their religion But howsoeuer the matter went with these men apprehended they were and diuerse of them executed as before ye haue heard whether for rebellion or heresie or for both as the forme of the indictment importeth I néed not to spend manie words sith others haue so largelie treated thereof and therefore I refer those that wish to be more fullie satisfied herein vnto their reports Whilest in the Lent season the king laie at Killingworth there came to him from Charles Dolphin of France certeine ambassadors that brought with them a barrell of Paris balles which from their maister they presented to him for a token that was taken in verie ill part as sent in scorne to signifie that it was more méet for the king to passe the time with such childish exercise than to attempt any worthie exploit Wherfore the K. wrote to him that yer ought long he would tosse him some London balles line 10 that perchance should shake the walles of the best court in France ¶ This yeare Thom. Arundell archbishop of Canturburie departed this life a stout prelat and an earnest mainteiner of the Romish religion Henrie Chichelie bishop of saint Dauid succeeded the same Arundell in the sée of Canturburie and the kings confessor Stephan Patrington a Carmelite frier was made bishop of S. Dauid Henrie Persie then but a child sonne to the lord Henrie Persie surnamed Hotspur after his fathers deceasse line 20 that was slaine at Shrewesburie field was conueied into Scotland and there left by his grandfather where euer since he had remained the king therefore pitied his case and so procured for him that he came home and was restored to all his lands and earledome of Northumberland which lands before had béene giuen to the lord Iohn the kings brother A case verie strange and for manie causes alwaies right worthie of remembrance in this yeare 1414 the second of this kings reigne did befall which conteining line 30 in it so manie matters for knowledge of Gods great power and iustice of wilfull breaking his diuine lawes of the easie slip into ruine where his mercie dooth not sâ—aie vs the busie bogging of the diuell alwaies our weakenesse in combat with him into what outrage and confusion he haleth where he is not withstood with what tyrannie
word of surrendring the towne line 20 or of comming to anie composition or agréement with the two kings except they made him being their capteine priuie thereto before they attempted anie such thing ¶ In the meane season the French queene the queene of England and the duches of Burgognie lieng at Corbeill came diuerse times to visit their husbands and to sée their fréends whome the king of England highlie feasted and louinglie interteined that euerie creature reported great honour of him This towne of Melun séemed verie line 30 strong both by reason of the riuer of Seine which compassed part thereof and also by strong walles turrets ditches and bulworks made about it The king therefore to take awaie all the issues and entries from them within made a bridge ouer the riuer able to beare horsses and carriage and againe appointed diuerse botes furnished with men of warre to kéepe the streame so that they within should haue no waie to come abroad either by water or land yet on a daie the Frenchmen sailed foorth line 40 and assailed the English lodgings where the earle of Warwike was incamped on the east side of the towne not farre from the duke of Burgognie but by the valiant prowesse and manlie courage of the Englishmen the enimies were easilie beaten backe and constreined to retire into the towne againe with their losse Héere is to be remembred that during this siege before Melun there came to the king the duke of Bauiere the kings brother in law but the kings sister that had beene married to him was line 50 not then liuing and brought with him seauen hundred well appointed horssemen which were reteined to serue the king and right worthilie they bare themselues and therefore most liberallie recompensed at the kings hand for the time they continued in his seruice The king inforced this siege by all waies and meanes possible to bring the towne into subiection as well by mines as otherwise but they within the line 60 towne so valiantlie behaued themselues as well by countermines whereby at length they entered into the kings mines as by other waies of resistance that by force of assaults it was not thought anie easie matter to win the same It fortuned on a daie that whilest there rose a contention betwixt two lords of the kings host who should haue the honor to go first into the mine to incounter with the Frenchmen that now had brought their mine through into the English mines and made barriers betwixt that they might safelie come and fight with the Englishmen the king to auoid the strife entered the mine himselfe first of all other and by chance came to fight hand to hand with the lord Barbason who was likewise entered the mine before all other of them within the towne After they had fought a good season togither at length they agreed to discouer either to other their names so as the lord Barbason first declaring what he was the king likewise told him that he was the king of England Wherevpon Barbason perceiuing with whome he had fought caused the barriers foorthwith to be closed and withdrew into the citie and the king returned backe to his campe At length vittels within the towne began to faile and the pestilence began to wax hot so that the lord Barbason began to treat and in conclusion about the middest of Nouember as Fabian saith the towne was yeelded vpon certeine conditions where of one was that all that were consenting to the death of the duke of Burgognie should be deliuered to the king of England of whome the lord Barbason was suspected to be one The king sent them vnder the conduct of his brother the duke of Clarence to the citie of Paris whereof the French king made him capteine and so at his comming thither he tooke possession of the Bastill of S. Anthonie the Loure the house of Néelle and the place of Bois de Uincennes Monsieur de Barbason was accused by the duke of Burgognie and his sisters as guiltie to their fathers death but he in open court defended himselfe as not guiltie of that crime granting indeed and confessing that he was one of the familiar seruants to the Dolphin but that he was priuie or consenting to the death of the duke of Burgognie he vtterlie denied Wherevpon he was not condemned neither yet acquited by reason of such presumptions and coniectures as were alledged and brought against him so that he remained in prison at Paris and else-where the space of nine yeares till at length being brought vnto castell Galliard it chanced that the same castell was woone by those of the Dolphins part and he being as then prisoner there escaped out of danger and so by that means was set at libertie as after shall appeare Some write that he had béene put to death if he had not appealed from king Henries sentence vnto the iudgement of the officers at armes alledging that by the lawe of armes no man hauing his brother in armes within his danger afterwards ought to put him to death for any cause or quarell And that he was the kings brother in armes he prooued it for that he had fought with him hand to hand within the mines as before yee haue heard which combat was thought of equall force by the heralds as if he had fought with the king bodie to bodie within solemne lists The credit of this matter we leaue to the consideration of the readers The earle of Huntington was made capteine of Melum In defense of this towne and castell the French had gotten vnto them manie Scots At the siege héere the king kept with him yoong Iames of Scotland who sent to those Scots that they should come out and yéeld them vnto him and not to stand in armes against their liege lord and king but they gaue word backe againe they could not take him for king that was in the power of another and so kept them in hold and in their armor still King Henrie vpon winning of these forts for their rebellion against their prince which they would haue to be counted constancie and for their contemptuous answer vnto him twentie of the proudest in example of the rest caused he there to be hanged at once From thence the king departed with his armie vnto Corbeill where the French king and the two queenes then soiourned and after both the kings accompanied with the dukes of Bedford Burgognie Glocester and Excester and the earls of Warwike and Salisburie with a great number of noble men and knights set foorth towards Paris whome the citizens in good order met without the gates and the cleargie also with solemne procession All the streets were hanged with rich clothes the two kings rode togither the king of England giuing the vpper hand to his father in lawe through the great citie of Paris to our ladie church where after they had said their deuotions they departed vnto their
sight of other On the king of Englands part were comprised as alies if they would there to assent the dukes of Burgognie and Britaine It was also couenanted that after the whole summe aforesaid of seuentie and fiue thousand crownes were paid to king Edward he should leaue in hostage the lord Howard and sir Iohn Cheinie maister of his horsse vntill he with all his armie was passed the seas This agréement was verie acceptable to the French king for he saw himselfe and his realme thereby deliuered of great perill that was at hand for not onelie he should haue béene assailed if this peace had not taken place both by the power of England and Burgognie but also by the duke of Britaine and diuerse of his owne people as the constable and others The king of England also vnderstanding his owne state for want of monie to mainteine the warres if they should long continue though otherwise he desired to haue attempted some high enterprise against the Frenchmen was the more easilie induced to agrée by those of his councell that loued peace better than warre line 10 and their wiues soft beds better than hard armor and a stonie lodging But the duke of Glocester others whose swords thirsted for French bloud cried out on this peace saieng that all their trauell paines expenses were to their shame lost and cast awaie and nothing gained but a continuall mocke and dailie derision of the French king and all his minions This imagination tooke effect without delaie For a gentleman of the French kings chamber after the peace was concluded line 20 did demand of an Englishman how manie battels king Edward had vanquisht He answered nine wherein he himselfe personallie had béene A great honour said the Frenchman But I praie you quoth he smiling how manie hath he lost The Englishman perceiuing what he meant said one which you by policie and by no strength haue caused him to loose Well said the Frenchman you maie ponder in a paire of balance the gaine of nine gotten battels line 30 and the rebuke of this one in this maner lost for I tell you that we haue this saieng The force of England hath and dooth surmount the force of France but the ingenious wits of the Frenchmen excell the dull braines of Englishmen For in all battels you haue béene the gainers but in leagues and treaties our wits haue made you loosers so that you maie content your selues with the losse in treaties for the spoile that you gat in warres and battels This communication was reported to the French king who line 40 priuilie sent for the Englishman to supper and not onlie made him good cheere but also gaue him a thousand crownes to praise the peace and to helpe to mainteine the same Yet neuerthelesse he being not a little mooued with these brags declared all the communication to the duke of Glocester who sware that he would neuer haue set foot out of England if he had not thought to haue made the Frenchmen once to assaie the strength puissance of the Englishmen but what so euer he thought all things were line 50 tranferred vnto an other end than he could imagine When the duke of Burgognie heard that there was a peace in hand betwixt king Edward and the French king he came in no small hast from Lutzenburgh onelie accompanied with sixteene horsses into the king of Englands lodging and began as one in a great chase sore to blame his dooings declaring in plaine termes how dishonorable this peace should be vnto him hauing atchiued nothing of that about the which he came The king of England after he had line 60 giuen him leaue to speake his fansie answered him somewhat roundlie againe openlie reproouing him for his promise-breaking and vncourteous dealing with him where for his cause cheeflie he had passed the seas and now found him not to keepe touch in anie one point which he had couenanted ¶ But to adde more weight to the matter in hand sith it was so seriouslie debated betwéene the two potentats let vs heare what talke historiens report to haue béene interchanged betwéene them The king of England saith mine author not a little abashed both at the dukes sudden comming and his fierce countenance like one that would rather bite than whine demanded of him the cause of his sudden comming The duke sharpelie answered to know whether he had either entered into anie communication or onelie had absolutelie concluded a peace betwéene the French king and him King Edward declared how that for sundrie and diuerse great and vrgent causes touching as well the vniuersall publike wealth of the whole christianitie as their owne priuate commoditie and the quietnesse of their realmes he and the French king had concluded a peace and amitie for terme of nine yeares in the which were comprised as fellowes and fréends both he and the duke of Britaine requiring him to condescend and agrée to the same Oh Lord oh saint George quoth the duke of Burgognie haue you thus doone in déed Haue you passed the seas entered into France and without killing of a poore flie or burning of a séelie shéepecote and haue taken a shamefull truce Did your noble ancestor K. Edward the third euer make armie into France as he made manie in the which he did not either gaine victorie in battell or profit in conquering cities townes and countries That victorious prince as neere kin to me as you to king Henrie the fift I meane whose bloud you haue either rightfullie or wrongfullie God knoweth extinguished destroied with a small puissance entered into France conquered whole Normandie and not alonelie conquered it but peaceablie kept it and neuer would either commen or agrée to anie league vntill he had the whole realme of France offered him was thereof made regent and heire apparant And you without anie thing dooing or anie honour or profit gaining haue condescended to a peace both as honourable and as profitable to you as a peasecod and not so wholesome as a pomegranat Thinke you that I either mooued you or once intised you to take this iournie for my peculiar aduantage or commoditie which of my power am able to reuenge mine owne causes without helpe of others but onelie to haue you recouer your old rights and possessions which were from you both tortiouslie and wrongfullie withholden And to the intent that you shall know that I haue no néed of your aid I will neither enter into your league nor take truce with the French king till you be passed the sea and haue beene there thrée moneths When duke Charles had thus said he furiouslie â—hrew downe his chaire and would haue departed But the king him staid said Brother Charles sith you haue spoken at leasure what you would you must and shall heare againe what you would not And first as concerning our entrie into France no man liuing knoweth that occasion neither so well nor hath cause halfe
time the towne of Audinghen and tooke the stéeple of the church there into the which were fled six score pezzants with their wiues and children whome the Englishmen threw downe headlong out of the steeple bicause they had most stubbornelie refused to yéeld In this yeare a line 40 great death of the pestilence reigned in London and therefore Michaelmasse terme was adiourned to S. Albons and there kept till the end thereof The eightéenth of December the archbishop of Canturburies palace at Canturburie was burnt and therin was burnt his brother in law and other men In Christmasse weeke came to the king lieng at Hampton court Ferdinando Gonzaga viceroie of Sicilie prince of Malfeta duke of Iuano the emperours capteine generall The chiefest cause of his line 50 comming was to appoint what time the emperours armie should be readie to inuade France He had great chéere and at his departure was rewarded with a hundred and fiftie thrée ounces of gold in plate and foure thousand and thrée ounces in guilt plate all verie curiouslie wrought and all the time of his being here his charges were borne by the king The sundaie before Christmas the lord William Par brother to the quéene who had married the daughter heire of Henrie Bourchier erle of Essex line 60 at Hampton court was created earle of Essex sir Will. Par knight vncle to them both was made lord Par of Horton chamberleine to the quéene year 1544 On New yeares daie was sir Thomas Wriothesleie the kings secretarie made lord Wriothesleie of Tichfield ¶ This yeare chanced foure eclipses one of the sunne the fourtéenth of Ianuarie and three of the moone On the seuenth of March Germaine Gardner and Larke person of Chelseie were executed at Tiburne for denieng the kings supremacie with whom was executed for other offenses one Singleton And shortlie after Ashbeie was likewise executed for the supremacie In this yeare sir Iohn Allen who had bin twise maior of London of councell to the king departing out of this life did giue to the citie of London a rich collar of gold to be worne by the maior which collar was first worne by sir William Laxton on S. Edwards daie to the election of the new maior who gaue to euerie ward in London twentie pounds to be distributed to the poore housholders besides to one hundred and twentie persons three score men euerie of them a gowne of brode cloth and a blacke cap and thréescore women to euerie of them a gowne of the like cloth and a white kerchiefe Humfreis Monmouth and Iohn Coles which were shiriffes in his maioraltie in the beginning of their yeare put awaie twelue sargeants and twelue yeomen till they were forced by a court of common councell to take them againe In this meane while was the cardinall of Scotland deliuered forth of prison and shortlie after got into his hands againe all such conclusions as were made touching the marriage betwixt the quéene of Scots and prince Edward procuring in maner all the lords and nobles of the realme to renounce that which they had promised to the king of England as well diuerse of those whome the said king had released home out of captiuitie as others Wherwith the king tooke such sore displeasure that he prepared an armie to passe into Scotland by sea and ordeined the lord Edward Seimer earle of Hertford to be lieutenant of the north parts and to haue the leading of the same armie who went thither in March as well for defense of the borders as to foresee all things in order for the armie that should thus go into Scotland whereof he was appointed generall When all things were in a readinesse for the nauie which was rigged to set forward towards Scotland and that the soldiers were come which were appointed to go with sir Iohn Dudleie lord Lisle and high admerall of England in that voiage they were imbarked and so the two and twentith of March the said lord admerall with sir Nicholas Pointz and diuerse other knights and capteins departed from the port of London towards the north parts and comming to Newcastell found the erle of Hertford readie with such power as was appointed to be there at a daie assigned forth of those countries that lie from Trent northwards And now wanted nothing to further their iournie but a conuenient wind which caused them to staie certeine daies at the said towne of Newcastell and in the villages thereabouts After that the earle of Hertford and the lord admerall accompanied with the earle of Shrewesburie the lords Cobham Clinton Couiers Stinton the lord William Howard and manie other right valiant knights gentlemen and capteines had lien with the armie and nauie readie at Newcastell a certeine time looking for a prosperous wind to set forward on their purposed iournie at length the same came about verie fit to serue their turne and then with all spéed the soldiers were bestowed aboord euerie companie in their appointed vessels and herewith vp went the sailes and forth they got into the maine seas making their course directlie towards the Forth a gulfe or riuer in Scotland able to beare vessels fiftie miles vp within the countrie There were at the least two hundred saile which the lord admerall had caused to come togither according to his commission rigged trimmed and furnished with all things necessarie for the conduction of such an armie estéemed to be about ten thousand men The third of Maie they arriued in the Forth entring betwéene two Ilands the Bas and the Maie The next daie being the fourth of Maie the whole armie was landed two miles by west the towne of Lith at a place called Grantham crag And forthwith the lord lieutenant putting his people in good order of warre marched on towards the said towne of Lith The lord admerall led the fore-ward the lord lieutenant the battell and the earle of Shrewesburie gouerned the rere-ward Before they came to the towne of Lith they found in their waie readie to impeach their passage six thousand horssemen beside footmen At the first the Scots made towards the Englishmen as if they had ment to set vpon the voward but being manfullie assailed by the hatquebutters fiue hundred in number and shrewdlie by them curried line 10 and galled they had no mind to come forward but perceiuing how willing the Englishmen were to incounter with them after certeine shot on both sides they made a sudden retreat and leauing their artillerie behind them they fled to Edenburgh The first man that fled as the talke went was the cardinall who perceiuing the deuotion which the Englishmen had to sée his holinesse had no mind to tarie With him also fled the gouernour the earles of Huntleie Murreie and Bothwell as for their soldiers they were disparkled and feared the English line 20 forces as the lambe dooth the wolfe the doe the dog or the hart the
abroad but euerie man departed And shortlie after the duke was arrested in the kings line 50 college by one maister Sleg sargeant at arms At the last letters were brought from the councell at London that all men should go each his waie Wherevpon the duke said to them that kept him Ye doo me wrong to withdraw my libertie sée you not the councels letters without exception that all men should go whither they would At which words they that kept him and the other noblemen set them at libertie and so continued they for that night insomuch that the earle of Warwike was readie in line 60 the morning to haue rode awaie But then came the erle of Arundell from the quéene to the duke into his chamber who went out to méet him Now as soone as he saw the earle of Arundell he fell on his knees and desired him to be good to him for the loue of God Consider saith he I haue doone nothing but by the consents of you and all the whole councell My lord quoth the earle of Arundell I am sent hither by the quéens maiestie and in hir name I doo arrest you And Iobeie it my lord quoth he I beséech you my lord of Arundell quoth the duke vse mercie towards me knowing the case as it is My lord quoth the earle ye should haue sought for mercie sooner I must doo according to commandement herwith he committed the charge of him and the others to the gard and gentlemen that stood by The lord marques after this went to quéene Marie On the fiue twentith daie of the said moneth the duke of Northumberland with Francis earle of Huntington Iohn earle of Warwike son and heire to the said duke and two other of his yoonger sons the lord Ambrose and the lord Henrie Dudleie sir Andrew Dudleie Sir Iohn Gates capteine of the gard to king Edward the sixt sir Henrie Gates brethren sir Thomas Palmer knights and doctor Sands were brought to the tower by the earle of Arundell But as they entered within the tower gate the earle of Arundell discharged the lord Hastings taking him out of the tower with him On the six twentith of Iulie the lord marques of Northampton the bishop of London the lord Robert Dudleie and sir Robert Corbet were brought from the quéenes campe vnto the tower The eight and twentith of Iulie the duke of Suffolke was committed to the tower but the one and twentith of the same moneth he was set at libertie by the diligent sute of the ladie Francis grace his wife After that quéene Marie was thus with full consent of the nobles and commons of the realme proclamed quéene she being then in Northfolke at hir castell of Framingham repaired with all speed to the citie of London and the third daie of the said moneth of August she came to the said citie and so to the tower where the ladie Iane of Suffolke late afore proclamed quéene with hir husband the lord Gilford a little before hir comming were committed to ward there remained almost after fiue moneths And by the waie as the quéene thus passed she was ioifullie saluted of all the people without anie misliking sauing that it was much feared of manie that she would alter the religion set foorth by king Edward hir brother whereof then were giuen iust occasions because notwithstanding diuerse lawes made to the contrarie she had dailie masse and Latine seruice said before hir in the tower Yea it was doubted in like sort that she would both adnull and innouat certeine lawes and decrées established by the yoong prince hir predecessor which she did in deed as one hath left testified in a memoriall of hir succession but little vnto hir commendation saieng At Maria Eduardi regni succedit habenis Confirmans iterùm regno papalia iura Concilióque nouas leges sancire vocato Molitur latas à fratre perosa priores At hir entrie into the tower there were presented to hir certeine prisoners namelie Thomas duke of Norffolke who in the last yeare of king Henrie the eight as you haue heard was supposed to be attainted of treason but in the parlement of this first yeare of quéene Marie the said supposed attaindour was by the authoritie and act of parlement for good and apparant causes alleged in the said act declared to be vtterlie frustrat and void Also Edward Courtneie son and heire to Henrie marques of Excester coosine germane to king Henrie the eight and Cutbert Tunstall bishop of Durham with other persons of great calling but speciallie Stephan Gardiner bishop of Winchester whom she not onlie released out of imprisonment but also immediatlie line 10 aduanced and preferred to be lord chancellor of England restoring him also to his former estate and bishoprike and remoued from the same one doctor Poinet who a little before was placed therein by the gift of king Edward the sixt And touching Edward Courtneie she not onelie aduanced him to the earldome of Deuonshire but also to so much of his fathers possessions as there remained in hir hands whereby it was then thought of manie that she bare affection to him by the waie line 20 of marriage but it came not so to passe for what cause I am not able to giue anie reason but surelie the subiects of England were most desirous thereof Upon the receiuing of this new queene all the bishops which had béene depriued in the time of king Edward the sixt hir brother for the cause of religion were now againe restored to their bishopriks and such other as were placed in king Edward his time remoued from their sées and others of contrarie religion placed Amongest whom Edmund line 30 Bonner doctor of the lawes late afore depriued from the sée of London and committed prisoner to the Marshalsea by order of king Edwards councell was with all fauour restored to his libertie and bishoprike Maister Nicholas Ridleie doctor in diuinitie late before aduanced to the same sée by the said king was hastilie displaced and committed prisoner to the tower of London The cause why such extremitie was vsed towards the said bishop Ridleie more than to the rest was for that in the time of ladie line 40 Iane he preached a sermon at Pauls crosse by the commandement of king Edwards councell wherein he dissuaded the people for sundrie causes from receiuing the ladie Marie as queene ¶ On the ninth of August in the afternoone the queene held an obsequie in the tower for king Edward the dirge being soong in Latine and on the morrow a masse of Requiem whereat the quéene with hir ladies offered The same daie the corps of king Edward was buried at Westminster the lord treasuror the earle of line 50 Penbroke and the earle of Shrewesburie being chéefe mourners with diuerse other noble men and others Doctor Daie bishop of Chichester preached at the said buriall and all the seruice with a communion was
an other pageant made by the Florentins verie high on the top whereof there stood foure pictures and in the middest of them and most highest there stood an angell all in gréene with a trumpet in his hand and when the line 50 trumpetter who stood secretlie in the pageant did sound his trumpet the angell did put his trumpet to his mouth as though it had béene the same that had sounded to the great maruelling of manie ignorant persons this pageant was made with three thorough faires or gates c. The conduit in Cornehill ran wine and beneath the conduit a pageant made at the charges of the citie and an other at the great conduit in Cheape and a founteine by it running wine The standard in Cheape new painted with the waits line 60 of the citie aloft theron plaieng The crosse in Cheape new washed and burnished An other pageant at the little conduit in Cheape next to Paules was made by the citie where the aldermen stood when the quéene came against them the recorder made a short proposition to hir and then the chamberleine presented to hir in the name of the maior and the citie a purse of cloth of gold and a thousand marks of gold in it then she rode foorth and in Paules church-yard against the schoole one master Heiwood sat in a pageant vnder a vine and made to hir an oration in Latine English Then was there one Peter a Dutchman that stood on the weathercâ—cke of Paules stéeple holding a streamer in his hand of fiue yards long and wauing thereof stood sometimes on the one foot and shooke the other and then knéeled on his knees to the great maruell of all people He had made two scaffolds vnder him one aboue the crosse hauing torches and streamers set on it and an other ouer the ball of the crosse likewise set with streamers torches which could not burne the wind was so great the said Peter had sixteene pounds thirtéene shillings foure pense giuen him by the citie for his costs and paines and for all his stuffe Then was there a pageant made against the deane of Paules gate where the quéeristers of Paules plaied on vials and soong Ludgate was newlie repared painted and richlie hanged with minstrels plaieng and singing there Then was there an other pageant at the conduit in Fleetstréet and the temple barre was newlie painted and hanged And thus she passed to Whitehall at Westminster where she tooke hir leaue of the lord maior giuing him great thanks for his pains and the citie for their cost On the morrow which was the first daie of October the quéene went by water to the old palace and there remained till about eleuen of the clocke and then went on foot vpon blew cloth being railed on either side vnto saint Peters church where she was solemnlie crowned and annointed by Stephan Gardiner bishop of Winchester for the archbishops of Canturburie and Yorke were then prisoners in the tower which coronation and other ceremonies and solemnities then vsed according to the old custome was not fullie ended till it was nigh foure of the clocke at night that she returned from the church before whom was then borne three swords sheathed one naked The great seruice that daie doone in Westminster hall at dinner by diuerse noblemen would aske long time to write The lord maior of London twelue citizens kept the high cupboord of plate as butlers and the quéene gaue to the maior for his fée a cupboord of gold with a couer weieng seuentéene ounces At the time of this quéenes coronation there was published a generall pardon in hir name being interlaced with so manie exceptions as they that néeded the same most tooke smallest benefit thereby In which were excepted by name no small number not onelie of bishops and other of the cleargie namelie the archbishops of Canturburie and Yorke the bishop of London but also manie lords knights and gentlemen of the laitie beside the two chiefe iustices of England called sir Edward Montacute and sir Roger Cholmeleie with some other learned men in the law for counselling or at the least consenting to the depriuation of quéene Marie and aiding of the foresaid duke of Northumberland in the pretensed right of the before named ladie Iane the names of which persons so being excepted I haue omitted for shortnesse sake As soone as this pardon was published and the solemnitie of the feast of the coronation ended there were certeine commissioners assigned to take order with all such persons as were excepted out of the pardon and others to compound with the queene for their seuerall offenses Which commissioners sat at the deane of Paules his house at the west end of Paules church and there called before them the said persons apart and from some they tooke their fees and offices granted before by king Edward the sixt and yet neuerthelesse putting them to their fines and some they committed to ward depriuing them of their states and liuings so that for the time to those that tasted thereof it seemed verie grieuous God deliuer vs from incurring the like danger of law againe The fift daie of October next following the quéene held hir hie court of parlement at Westminster which continued vntill the one and twentith daie of the said moneth In the first session of which parlement there passed no more acts but one and that was to declare queene Marie lawfull heire in descent to the crowne of England by the common lawes next after hir brother king Edward and to repeale certeine causes of treason fellonie and premunire conteined in diuers former statutes the which act of repeale was for that cardinall Poole was especiallie looked for as after ye shall heare for the reducing of the church of line 10 England to the popes obedience and to the end that the said cardinall now called into England from Rome might hold his courts legantine without the danger of the statutes of the premunire made in that case whereinto cardinall Wolseie when he was legat had incurred to his no small losse and to the charge of all the clergie of England for exercising the like power the which act being once passed foorthwith the queene repaired to the parlement line 20 house and gaue therevnto hir roiall assent and then proroged the parlement vnto the foure and twentith daie of the said moneth In which second session were confirmed and made diuerse and sundrie statutes concerning religion wherof some were restored and other repealed ¶ Sir Thomas White for this yéere maior and merchant tailor a woorthie patrone and protector of poore scholers lerning renewed or rather erected a college in Oxenford now called saint Iohns college before Bernard college He also erected schooles at Bristow line 30 and Reading Moreouer this worshipfull citizen in his life time gaue to the citie of Bristow two thousand pounds of readie monie to purchase lands to
great seale vntill some part of the two and thirtith yeare of Henrie the third in the yeare of Christ 1248. Iohn Mansell againe kéeper of the great seale line 60 who at Woodstocke in the two and thirtith yeare of king Henrie the third did receiue the great seale of the said Iohn Lexinton which he kept as I suppose and that with some good proofe vntill the thrée thirtith yeare of the said king being the yeare of our redemption 1248. Of which Iohn Mansell thus writeth an old anonymall chronicle concerning the barons warres Sed Iohannes Mansell multarum in Anglia ecclesiarum rector seu potiùs incubator reddituum quoque quorum non erat numerus possessor magnificus ita quòd ditior eo clericus non videbatur in orbe episcopali puta dignitate minimè insignitus metu baronum aufugit latenter vltra mari de turri London in qua rex Angliae regina sua tunc temporis tenuerunt se. Quem quum Henricus filius regis Alemaniae fugientem insequeretur ipse capitur quum applicuisset Bononiae à magistro Gerando de Fenes procuratore vt putabatur reginae c. Radulphus de Diceto was chancellor as I read suppose much about this time but for certeintie I refer the same to the large booke of their liues where he shall not faile to haue his right time and place William of Kilkennie being a modest wise and faithfull man learned in the canon and ciuill lawes was made kéeper of the great seale in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred and fiftie being the foure thirtith yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the third He was elected to the bishoprike of Elie as saith the historie of Elie the eighteenth kalends of September in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred fiftie fiue being about the nine and thirtith yere of Henrie the third But others saie that he being then vicechancellor was elected bishop of Elie in the yeare of our Lord one thousand two hundred fiftie and foure being the eight and thirtith yeare of Henrie the third after that he had faithfullie and to his great commendation vsed and borne the great seale he was coÌ„secrated to that bishoprike in the yere of Christ 1255 and died in the yere 1256 being about the one and fortith yeare of king Henrie the third whose heart was buried at Elie. Henrie de Wingham was made chancellor in the nine and thirtith yeare of Henrie the third and continued in the one and fortith and two and fortith yeare of Henrie the third in which yeare as some haue and in the 43 of Henrie the third as others haue He was chosen bishop of Winchester vpon condition that he should giue place to Athelmer halfe brother to king Henrie the third son to Hugh Brune earle of March and of Eleanor king Henrie the thirds mother being banished by the barons if that he should againe returne into England and then leaue the bishoprike of Winchester vnto him which he did vpon the comming againe of the said Athelmer into England and for that cause was after chosen bishop of London being chosen thereto in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred fiftie and nine being the thrée and thirtith yeare of king Henrie the third and still chancellor and is buried in Paules on the south side of the quier next to Eustachius bishop of London in a monument of marble with this inscription on the wall to tell who it was Hîc iacet Henricus de Wingham quondam epicscopus huius ecclesiae qui multa bona contulit ministris ecclesiae sancti Pauli Walter Merton chancellor in the foure and fortith yere of king Henrie the third being the yeare 1260. Nicholas of Elie made chancellor by the barons in the said yeare of our redemption one thousand two hundred and sixtie and Walter Merton displaced But king Henrie the third disdaining to haue officers appointed him by his subiects did in the moneth of October following in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred and sixtie or rather one thousand two hundred sixtie and one depriue the said Nicholas and replaced the said Walter Merton Walter Merton bishop of Rochester the second time made chancellor as before appeareth Iohn de Chesill archdeacon of London and treasuror of England was made keeper of the great seale in the yeare of our redemption one thousand two hundred sixtie and foure being the eight and fortith yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the third This man was consecrated bishop of London in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred seuentie foure the third kalends of Maie as hath Matthew Westminster he died in the yeare that the word of the father became flesh one thousand two hundred seuentie and nine the fourth ides of Februarie in the seuenth yeare of the scourge of the Scots and Welshmen Thomas de Cantelupe borne of the noble house of the lords Cantelupes the son of William Cantelupe and Millesent 〈◊〉 as saith Leland drew hir originall from the counteâ—ses of Yorke being archdeacon of Stafford was doctor and after bishop of Hereford in the yeare one thousand two hundred seuentie and six and before that made chancellor after the feast of saint Peters chaire in the yeare of our redemption one thousand two hundred sixtie fiue being the nine and fortith yeare of the reigne of king line 10 Henrie the third He died beyond the seas comming from the court of Rome in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred seuentie and eight being the sixt yeare of the reigne of king Edward the first or more trulie as others haue in the yeare one thousand two hundred eightie thrée being the eleuenth yeare of king Edward the first whose bâ—nes were brought to Hereford Walter Gifford bishop of Bath and Welles whome manie doo call William did inioy the state line 20 of the chancellor in the yeare of our Lord one thousand two hundred sixtie six being the fiftith yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the third he was translated from Bath to Yorke in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred fiftie and nine being the nine and fortith yeare of the same Henrie the third and died the seuenth kalends of Maie in the twelfe yeare of his bishoprike in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred seuentie seuen being the sixt yeare of king Edward the first or as hath Nicholas Triuet line 30 in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred seuentie and nine being the seuenth yeare of king Edward the first Geffreie Gifford was chancellor also in the one and fiftith yeare of king Henrie the third being the yeare of our redemption one thousand two hundred sixtie and seuen This man was bishop of Worcester about the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred ninetie and nine where he sat foure and thirtie yeares foure moneths and
generall peace of France and thereby vrged the king to forbeare from the resolution he had made not onlie to aid the oppressed people of the low countries against the Spaniards but also to haue accepted them as his owne subiects But in verie truth howsoeuer they were pitied and in a sort for a time comforted kept in hope in France by the French king who also hath oftentimes earnestlie solicited vs as quéene of England both by message and writing to be carefull of their defense yet in respect that they were otherwise more streictlie knit in ancient friendship to this realme than to anie other countrie we are sure that they could be pitied of none for this long time with more cause and griefe generallie than of our subiects of this our realme of England being their most ancient alies and familiar neighbours and that in such manner as this our realme of England and those countries haue béene by common language of long time resembled and termed as man and wife And for these vrgent causes and manie others we haue by manie fréendlie messages and ambassadors by manie letters and writings to the said king of Spaine our brother and alie declared our compassion of this so euill and cruell vsage of his naturall and loiall people by sundrie his martiall gouernors and other his men of warre all strangers to these his countries And furthermore as a good louing sister to him and a naturall good neighbour to his lowe countries and people we haue often and often againe most friendlie warned him that if he did not otherwise by his wisedome and princelie clemencie restreine the tyrannie of his gouernours and crueltie of his men of warre we feared that the people of his countries should be forced for safetie of their liues and for continuance of their natiue countrie in the former state of their liberties to séeke the protection of some other forreine lord or rather to yeeld themselues wholie to the souereigntie of some mightie prince as by the ancient lawes of their countries and by speciall priuileges granted by some of the lords and dukes of the countries to the people they doo pretend and affirme that in such cases of generall iniustice and vpon such violent breaking of their priuileges they are frée from their former homages and at libertie to make choise of anie other prince to be their prince and head The proofe whereof by examples past is to be seene read in the ancient histories of diuerse alterations of the lords and ladies of the countries of Brabant Flanders Holland and Zeland and other countries to them vnited by the states and people of the countries and that by some such alterations as the stories doo testifie Philip the duke of Burgundie came to his title from which the king of Spaines interest is deriued but the further discussion hereof we leaue to the view of the monuments and records of the countries And now for the purposes to staie them from yéelding themselues in anie like sort to the souereigntie of anie other strange prince certeine yéeres past vpon the earnest request of sundrie of the greatest persons of degrée in those countries and most obedient subiects to the king such as were the duke of Ascot and the marquesse of Hauerie yet liuing and of such others as had principall offices in those countries in the time of the emperour Charles we yéelded at their importunat requests to grant them prests of monie onelie to continue them as his subiects and to mainteine themselues in their iust defense against the violence and cruelties of the Spaniards their oppressours thereby staieng them from yeelding their subiection to anie other prince from the said king of Spaine and during the time of that our aid giuen to them and their staie in their obedience to the king of Spaine we did fréelie acquaint the same king with our actions and did still continue our fréendlie aduises to him to mooue him to command his gouernours and men of warre not line 10 to vse such insolent cruelties against his people as might make them to despaire of his fauours and séeke some other lord And in these kind of persuasions and actions we continued manie yéeres not onelie for compassion of the miserable state of the countries but of a naturall disposition to haue the ancient conditions of streict amitie and commerce for our kingdoms and people to continue with the states and the people of the said dukedome of Burgundie and the appendents line 20 and namelie with our next neighbours the countries of Flanders Holland and Zeland For we did manifestlie sée if the nation of Spaine should make a conquest of those countries as was and yet is apparantlie intended and plant themselues there as they haue doone in Naples and other countries adding thereto the late examples of the violent hostile enterprise of a power of Spaniards being sent within these few yeares by the king of Spaine and the pope into our realme of Ireland with an intent line 30 manifestlie confessed by the capteins that those numbers were sent aforehand to seize vpon some strength there to the intent with other great forces to pursue a conquest thereof we did we saie againe manifestlie see in what danger our selfe our countries and people might shortlie be if in conuenient time we did not speedilie otherwise regard to preuent or staie the same And yet notwithstanding our said often requests and aduises giuen to the king of Spaine manifestlie for his owne weale and honor line 40 we found him by his councell of Spaine so vnwilling in anie sort to incline to our fréendlie counsell that his gouernours and chéefeteins in his low countries increased their cruelties towards his owne afflicted people and his officers in Spaine offered dailie greater iniuries to ours resorting thither for traffike yea they of his councell in Spaine would not permit our expresse messenger with our letters to come to the king their masters presence a matter verie strange and against the law of line 50 nations And the cause of this our writing and sending to the king procéeded of matter that was worthie to be knowne to the king and not vnméet now also to be declared to the world to shew both our good disposition towards the king in imparting to him our gréefes and to let it appeare how euill we haue béene vsed by his ministers as in some part may appeare by this that followeth Although we could not haue line 60 these manie yeares past anie of our seruants whom we sent at sundrie times as our ambassadours to the king our good brother as was meet suffered to continue there without manie iniuries and indignities offered to their families and diuerse times to their owne persons by the greatest of his councellours so as they were constreined to leaue their places and some expelled and in a sort banished the countrie without cause giuen by them or notified to vs yet we minding
700 b 20. They pacifie anger procure fauor 478 b 50 60. And obteine lost liberties note 479 a 10. Of roiall magnificence bestowed by the French 1382 a 20. A meane vsed to win the fauour of the nobilitie 16 a 10. Not respected but the mind of the giuer note 1179 b 20 30. Giuen king Henrie the eight in his progresse into Yorkshire 954 b 10 20. ¶ Sée Bribes Presents and Rewards Gilbert de Gaunt taken prisoner and put to his ransome 7 a 20 Gilbert murthered by Liuiâ—us 12 b 30 Gilbert capteine of Tunbridge castell 17 b 40 Gilbert knight his voiage to Norimbega it hath not wished successe he is seuered from his companie dead and neuer heard of 1369 a 50 60 b 10 Gilford knight his message of thanks from king Henrie the seuenth to the Kentishmen 780 a 10. Maister of the horsse vnto king Henrie the eight 822 b 60 Gilford lord Dudleie executed on the Tower hill 1099 b 30 ¶ Sée Sands Gisors beséeged by king Richard the first 151 b 60. Beséeged by the Englishmen 570 b 50 Gita the sister of Sweine king of Denmarke escapeth into Flanders 6 b 20 Glasse house burned 1261 b 50 Glendouers rebellion in Wales what he was 518 b 60. The occasion that mooued him to rebell ouerthrowne 519 a 10 Reputed a coniuror note 520 b 20. Conspireth with the Persis 521 b 50. His daughter married vnto the earle of March 521 a 20. He with his Welshmen full of mischéef 519 b 20. He and his Welsh in armes against the lord Greie of Ruthen preuaileth 519 b 60. Taketh the erle of March prisoner 520 a 60. Wasted the English marches 525 a 40. Aided by the marshall Montmerancie 531 a 10. His craftie entring the castell Abirusâ—with 533 b 40. He fiftéene hundred Welshmen taken and slaine 528 a 10. Endeth his life in great miserie 536 a 10 Glocester recouerd put to fine 266 b 10. Whie it was not assulted by quéene Margaret hir power 686 a 40. ¶ Sée Duke Goche his valiant seruice 587 b 50 60. Taken prisoner by the loundering of his horsse 611 b 30. A Welshman his escape 630 a 40. Slaine vpon London bridge 635 a 30 Goodwine ¶ Sée Edmund Goring George ¶ Sée Iusts triumphant Gospatrike earle of Northumberland is sent against king Malcolme of Scotland note 10 a 60 From whome duke William taketh the erledome of Northumberland whie 10 b 50. How he came to be earle of Northumberland 13 a 30. ¶ Sée Malcolme Gospell the shamefull end of a contemner thereof note 935 a 60 Grace of God words misconstriued by the Scots note 423 a 20 c. Grafton Richard slandered by a Scot and defended 112 a 30. Defended against Buchanans slander 298 b 10 c. Granado is woone from the Turks or Saracens 772 b 30. The state and pompe of the same b 60 Grandmesuill Hugh set all vpon the spoile 17 a 50 Grant of king Henrie the third to his brother 209 b 20. ¶ Sée Patents Grantham church in Lincolneshire out of which the people were frighted 2â—4 b 20 Grasing inconuenient vnto the commonwealth note 862 a 60 b 10 Grasse ¶ Sée Mice 1315 a 60 Grauelin fortified by French for a countergarrison to Calis 444 b 10 Grauesend burned by the French and Spanish 427 a 60 Gréefe killeth an archbishop 6 b 60. Of king Iohn turned into rage 183 b 10. Cause of a sore and dangerous sicknesse in king Iohn 194 a 60 Of mind doubled the cause of king Iohns death 194 b 50. Killed Dauid the prince of Wales 238 a 60. Killed king Henrie the seconds heart 114 b 50. For losse of booties 194 a 60. For an ouerthrow the death of a king 958 b 40. The cause of death 18 a 30 44 b 60 50 b 30 728 a 30 40 note 1151 b 10 20 797 a 10. For vnkindnesse 88 b 50 Greie lord committed vnto the Tower 952 b 10. Indicted and beheaded 953 b 60 Greie lord of Wilton deputie of Bullen the letter of king Henrie the eight vnto him 875 b 40 50 60. His seruice verie honorablie accepted of the king 976 a 40. His request vnto the duke of Summerset 985 a 20. Receiueth possession of Hume castell 990 b 60 Greie lord Iohn duke of Suffolkes brother arreigned condemned pardoned released beheaded 1117 b 60 Greie lord capteine of Guisnes taketh the French at a sléepie aduantage commendeth his soldiors 1137 a 50 60 b 50 The danger that he escaped sitting vpon a forme with two gentlemen hurt by mischance he consulteth with the Englishmen 1138 a 30 b 40 50 60. His words to his soldiors being ashamed of their timorousnes agréeth with the â—nimie vpon articles 1140 a 20 40 Greie lord generall of the quéenes armie in Scotland 1187 a 30. His message to the Frenchmen 1188 Greie Arthur hurt in the shoulder by shot 1189 a 10 Greie lord of Wilton deceaseth 1198 a 50 Greie Henrie ¶ Sée Iusts triumphant Greies familie aduanced 668 a 30 40 Gréene one of Richard the thirds merciles instruments to murther two innocent princes 734 b 50 Gréenfield knight sir Walter Raleighs lieutenant for the voiage to Uirginia 1401 b 50. Singled from his companie arriueth in Hispaniola 60. His valiantnesse against the Spaniards 1402 a 10. In danger of shipwracke 20. Chaseth and surpriseth a Spanish ship 50 Gréenwich repared 788 a 10 Gresham knight suddenlie deceaseth note 1310 b 50 Gret Harrie ¶ Sée ship Gret Oneale ¶ Sée Oneale Greuill Fulke ¶ Sée Iusts triumphant Griffin ap Rées dooth much hurt on the marches 38 a 60 Griffin king of Wales departeth this life 152 a 60 Griffin of Wales breaketh his necke 228 b 20 Griffin beheaded at Towre hill 928 a 10 Grotes and halfe grotes ¶ Sée Coines Ground ¶ Sée Earth Guido earle of Britaine his father and his thrée sonnes erls of Britaine 7 b 20 Guenhera and the nobles of Wales make a league with Henrie the third 226 b 50 Guie of Warwike deceaseth 323 a 10 Guildhall inlarged the chappell 540 b 10 Guines ¶ Sée Guisnes Guisnes Henrie the eights palace roiall there described note 856 b 40 b 50 c 857 all ¶ Sée Greie lord capteine of Guisnes Guise ¶ Sée Duke Gun called Digeon 614 b 50 Called the red gun ouerthrowne recouered of the French 818 b 30 40 Gun shot into the court at Gréenwich 1132 b 50. By casualtie discharged at the quéenes priuie barge she being therein and some hurt doone note 1310 b 10 c. Guns of how ancient an inuention 453 b 50. Of iron when first made 960 a 20. Gained from the French 968 a 10. Called handguns and bearing of weapons forbidden by proclamation 1117 b 60. ¶ Sée Culuerings Gunpowder blowes vp a house and killeth fiftéene persons 1081 a 60. Shaâ—tereth houses in Bucklersberrie 1208 a 50. Strangelie set on fier dooth much hurt 1348 b 10 Gurguint builder of Norwich castell 1288 a 10. His spéech touching â—ntâ—qâ—itie 1189 a 40 c.
king Charles that he might shew himselfe conformable vnto such orders and decrées as they had taken appointed and agréed vpon and for his part he promised to worship loue and honor his father in law the said K. Charles in place of his owne father according to the true mening of this concord and agréement trusting the same to be a peace finall And to conclude he promised that if they shewed line 40 themselues true and loiall to him according to the same agréement the Ocean sea should sooner ceasse to slow and the bright sunne lose his light than he would desist from dooing that which became a prince to doo to his subiect or a father to his naturall child When he had thus persuaded the nobilitie and dispatched his businesse at Troies he with all his armie hauing with him the French king and the duke of Burgognie departed from thence the fourth of Iune and vpon the seauenth daie of the same moneth came before the towne of Sens in Burgognie line 50 which held on the Dolphins part but after foure daies siege it was yéelded vnto the king and there he made capteine the lord Genuille From thence he remooued to Monstreau on fault Yonne which towne was taken on the three and twentith daie of Iune by assault so that manie of the Dolphins part were apprehended before they could get to the castell Whilest the siege laie there and before the towne line 60 was entred the duke of Bedford came thither vnto the king bringing with him a faire retinue of soldiers out of England After the getting of the towne the castell being well vittelled and manned denied to render and therefore was it enuironed with a strong siege During the which the duke of Burgognie was informed in what place of the towne the duke his father was buried who was slaine there as before you haue heard and now his corps was taken vp againe by his sonnes appointment and â—eared and so conueied vnto Digeon in high Burgognie and there buried by his father Philip to the end that the remembrance of him should remaine to posterities by the reseruation of some monument abiding in the place of his interment after that his bodie was consumed and his naturall countenance forgotten Which is the last point of reuerend dutie as we may well thinke which pietie of children towards their parents dooth require namelie that they be decentlie buried when they be departed and that their graues or toome stones may put vs that are aliue in mind of going the same waie and to set no more by this flitting life than standeth with the vncerteintie and shortnesse of the same as one right well saith Cùm tumulum cernis cur non mortalia spornis Esto memor mortis quo viuis tempore fortis Bicause they within the castell of Monstreau gaue opprobrious words vnto the kings herald that was sent to them the king caused a gibet to be set vp before the castle on the which were hanged twelue of those spitefull offendors all gentlemen freends to the capteine named monsieur de Guitrie who at length perceiuing that by no means he could be succoured and fearing to be taken by force began to treat with the king of England who for the space of eight daies would hearken to none of his offers but in conclusion he and his rendred themselues simplie their liues onelie saued six wéekes after they had béene besieged The earle of Warwike was made capteine both of the towne and castell who fortified it with men munition and vittels About this time Robert the gouernour of Scotland the fiftéenth yéere after his brothers reigne and in the thirtith yeare of his owne regiment deceassed in whose steed and office his sonne Mordac duke of Albanie was by and by chosen who had sonnes three Walter Alexander and Iames whereof the two eldest beginning betimes to be obstinate grew soone after verie graceles and wicked that in one flagitious feat among the rest by this Walter verie impiouslie against his parents was vttered The gouernour had a faire a gentle and well flieng falcon whereby he set great store The sonne verie desirous of the same made manie meanes and motions to haue hir not without note of malapert importunitie and lacke of reuerence toward his parents pleasure which the father dissembling to sée would not yet in anie wise forgo his hawke Whereat this child reiecting regard of dutie and receiuing an vnnaturall hate and heat by broth of iniquitie set a boiling in his brest came in on a time where standing a while at a sudden braid pluckt awaie the bird from his fathers fist and straight before his face wrang of hir necke The gouernour heereat sore astonied for verie greefe gaue a great grone Well sonne quod he since yée cannot bridle your brunts for dutie and reuerence toward me your parent and souereigne I will bring in one that shall bridle vs both Heerevpon soone after he with one Calen Campbell a noble man of much authoritie vnto whome this Walter had doone a great despight and with other of the nobilitie fell straight in consultation about the calling home of their king Which all with one assent they did right well allow whereby soone after as is touched afore and followeth more at large he was by them in his kingdome right roiallie placed But this came of it These mischéefous children Walter and Alexander the verie cause of their fathers confusion and their owne within few yeares after condemned by law vpon a hill by Sterling castell had their heads chopt off at once Walters wife with hir two sonnes Andrew and Alexander ran for refuge awaie into Ireland thus for their long iniquities their hires iustlie paid all in a daie Now to procéed in our processe of France After the thus winning of the towne and castell of Monstreau the king departing from thence came to Melun vpon Seine the thirteenth daie of Iulie and besieged it round about hauing then in companie with him the French king and the yoong king of Scots the dukes of Burgognie Clarence Bedford Glocester and Bar the prince of Orainge and one and twentie earles besides lords barons knights equall to lords in degree to the number of seauen and fiftie what of England and France and beside also fiftéene maister soldiers This siege continued the space almost of seuen moneths or as Thomas Walsingham saith fouretéene wéekes and foure daies with skirmishing scaling assaulting and defending line 10 to the losse no doubt of both parts Capteine of this towne was one monsieur de Barbason a Gascoine of such experience and approoued valiancie in wars that his renowme and fame was spred through the world At the first laieng of the siege he called all the soldiers there in garrison and likewise the townesmen afore him and warned them all on paine of death that none of them should be so hardie as to treat or once to motion anie
aduantage 4 Item it is not vnknowen to you doubted lord how thorough your lands it is noised that the said cardinall and the archbishop of Yorke had and haue the gouernance of you and all your land the which none of your true liege men ought to vsurpe nor take vpon them And haue also estranged me your sole vncle my coosine of Yorke my coosine of Huntington and manie other lords of your kin to haue anie knowledge of anie great matter that might touch your high estate or either of your realmes And of lords spirituall of right the archbishop of Canturburie should be your chéefe councellor the which is also estranged and set aside And so be manie other right sad lords and well aduised as well spirituall as temporall to the great hurt of you my right doubted lord and of your realmes like as the experience and workes shewen cléerelie and euidentlie more harme it is 5 Item in the tender age of you my right doubted lord for the necessitie of an armie the said cardinall lent you foure thousand pounds vpon certeine iewels prised at two and twentie thousand markes with a letter of sale that and they were not quited at a certeine daie you should léese them The said cardinall séeing your monie readie to haue quited your iewels caused your treasuror of England at that daie being to paie the same monie in part of an other armie in defrauding you my right doubted lord of your said iewels kéeping them yet alwaie to his owne vse to your right great losse and his singular profit and auaile 6 Item the said cardinall then being bishop of Winchester and chancellour of England deliuered the king of Scots vpon certeine appointments as maie be shewed presumptuouslie and of his owne authoritie contrarie to the act of parlement I haue heard notable men of law say that they neuer heard the like thing doone among them which was too great a defamation to your highnesse and also to wed his neece to the said king whom that my lord of notable memorie your father whome God assoile would neuer haue so deliuered And there as he should haue paid for his costs fortie thousand pounds the said cardinall chancellour of England caused you to pardon him thereof ten thousand marks whereof the greater summe he paied you right a little what I report me to your highnesse 7 Item where the said cardinall lent you my redoubted lord great and notable summes he hath had and his assignes the rule and profit of the port of line 10 Hampton where the customers béene his seruants where by likelihood and as it is to be supposed standing the chéefe merchant of the wools of your land that you be greatlie defrauded and vnder that rule what wools and other merchandizes haue béene shipped and maie be from time to time hard is to estéeme to the great hurt and preiudice of you my right doubted lord and of all your people 8 Item howbeit that the said cardinall hath diuerse times lent you great summes of monie since the time of your reigne yet his loane hath béene so line 20 deferred and delaied that for the most part the conuenable season of the imploieng of the good lent was passed So that litle fruit or none came thereof as by experience both your realmes haue sufficientlie in knowledge 9 Item where there was iewels and plate prised at eleuen thousand pounds in weight of the said cardinall forfeited to you my right redoubted lord he gat him a restorement thereof for a loane of a little parcell of the same and so defrauded you wholie line 30 of them to your great hurt and his auaile the which good might greatlie haue eased your highnesse in sparing as much of the poore commons 10 Item the cardinall being feoff of my said lord your father whome God assoile against his intent gaue Elizabeth Beauchampe three hundred markes liuelihood where that his will was that and she were wedded within a yeare then to haue it or else not where in déed it was two or thrée years line 40 after to your great hurt and diminishing of your inheritance 11 Item notwithstanding that the said cardinall hath no maner of authoritie nor interest in the crowne nor none maie haue by anie possibilitie yet he presumeth and taketh vpon him in partie your estate roiall in calling before him into great abusion of all your land and derogation of your highnesse which hath not beene seene nor vsed in no daies heretofore in greater estate than he is without line 50 your expresse ordinance and commandement 12 Item the said cardinall nothing considering the necessitie of you my right doubted lord hath sued a pardon of dismes that he should paie for the church of Winchester for terme of his life giuing thereby occasion to all other lords spirituall to draw their good will for anie necessitie to grant anie disme and so to laie all the charge vpon the temporaltie and the poore people 13 Item by the gouernance and labour of the line 60 said cardinall and archbishop of Yorke there hath béene lost and dispended much notable and great good by diuerse ambassadors sent out of this realme First to Arras for a feigned colourable peace whereas by likelinesse it was thought and supposed that it should neuer turne to the effectuall auaile of you my right doubted lord nor to your said realmes but vnder colour thereof was made the peace of your aduersarie and the duke of Burgognie For else your partie aduerse the said duke might not well haue found meanes nor waies to haue communed togither nor to haue concluded with other their confederations and conspirations made and wrought there then at that time against your highnesse whereby you might haue right doubted lord the greater partie of your obeisance as well in your realme of France as in your duchie of Normandie and much other thing gone greatlie as through the said colourable treatie otherwise since the death of my brother of Bedford whome God assoile 14 Item now of late was sent an other ambassadour to Calis by the labour and counsell of the said cardinall and archbishop of Yorke the cause why of the beginning is to me your sole vncle and other lords of your kin and councell vnknowen to your great charge and against the publike good of your realm◠as it openlie appeareth The which good if it be imploied for the defense of your lands the merchandizes of the same might haue had other course and your said lands not to haue stand in so great mischéefe as they doo 15 Item after that to your great charge and hurt of both your realmes the said cardinall archbishop of Yorke went to your said towne of Calis and diuerse lords of your kin and of your councell in their fellowship and there as there was naturall warre betwéene the duke of Orleance and the duke of Burgognie for murther of their fathers a capitall enimitie like to haue indured for euer the said
hir noble person neither was nor could be anie maner ieopardie Whereby should I trust that quoth the quéene in that I am giltlesse As though they were giltie in that I am with their enimies better loued than they When they hate them for my sake in that I am so néere of kin to the king And how far they be off if that would helpe as God send grace it hurt not and therefore as for me I purpose not as yet to depart hence And as for this gentleman my sonne I mind that he shall be where I am till I sée further for I assure you for that I sée some men so greedie without anie substantiall cause to haue him this maketh me much the more fearder to deliuer him Truelie madame quoth he and the fearder that you be to deliuer him the fearder bin other men to suffer you to kéepe him least your causelesse feare might cause you further to conueie him and manie be there that thinke he can haue no priuilege in this place which neither can haue will to aske it nor malice to deserue it And therefore they reckon no priuilege broken though they fetch him out which if yée finallie refuse to deliuer him I verelie thinke they will So much dread hath my lord his vncle for the tender loue he beareth him least your grace should line 10 hap to send him awaie A sir quoth the quéene hath the protector so tender zeale that he feareth nothing but least he should escape him Thinketh he that I would send him hence which neither is in the plight to send out And in what place could I reckon him sure if he be not sure in this sanctuarie whereof was there neuer tyrant yet so diuelish that durst presume to breake And I trust God is as strong now to withstand his aduersaries as euer he was But my sonne can deserue line 20 no sanctuarie and therefore he can not haue it Forsooth he hath found a goodlie glose by which that place that may defend a théefe may not saue an innocent But he is in no ieopardie nor hath no need thereof would God he had not Troweth the protector I praie God he may prooue a protector troweth he that I perceiue not wherevnto his painted processe draweth It is not honourable that the duke bide héere it were comfortable for them both that he were with his brother bicause the line 30 king lacketh a plaifellow Be you sure I praie God send them both better plaifellowes than him that maketh so high a matter vpon such a trifling pretext as though there could none be founden to plaie with the king but if his brother that hath no lust to plaie for sicknesse come out of sanctuarie out of his safegard to plaie with him As though princes as yoong as they be could not plaie but with their peeres or children could not plaie but with their kinred with whome for the more part they agrée much woorse than line 40 with strangers But the child cannot require the priuilege Who told him so He shall heare him aske it and he will Howbeit this is a gaie matter Suppose he could not aske it suppose he would not aske it suppose he would aske to go out If I saie he shall not if I aske the priuilege but for my selfe I say he that against my will taketh him out breaketh the sanctuarie Serueth this libertie for my person onelie or for my goods too Yée may not hence take my horsse fro me and may you line 50 take my child fro me He is also my ward for as my learned counsell sheweth me sith he hath nothing by descent holden by knights seruice the law maketh his mother his gardian Then may no man I suppose take my ward fro me out of sanctuarie without the breach of the sanctuarie And if my priuilege could not serue him nor he aske it for himselfe yet sith the law committeth to me the custodie of him I may require it for him except the law giue a child a gardian onelie for his goods and lands discharging him of the cure and safe line 60 kéeping of his bodie for which onelie both lands and goods serue * And if examples be sufficient to obteine priuilege for my child I need not farre to séeke For in this place in which we now be and which is now in question whether my child may take benefit of it mine other sonne now king was borne and kept in his cradle and preserued to a more prosperous fortune which I praie God long to continue And as all you know this is not the first time that I haue taken sanctuarie For when my lord my husband was banished and thrust out of his kingdome I fled hither being great with child and héere I bare the prince And when my lord my husband returned safe againe and had the victorie then went I hence to welcome him home and from hence I brought my babe the prince vnto his father when he first tooke him in his armes And I praie God that my sonnes palace may be as great safegard vnto him now reigning as this place was sometime to the kings enimie In which place I intend to kéepe his brother sith c. * Wherefore héere intend I to keepe him sith mans law serueth the gardian to kéepe the infant The law of nature will the moother to keepe his child Gods law priuilegeth the sanctuarie and the sanctuarie my sonne sith I feare to put him in the protectors hands that hath his brother alreadie and were if both failed inheritour to the crowne The cause of my feare hath no man to doo to examine And yet feare I no further than the law feareth which as learned men tell me forbiddeth euerie man the custodie of them by whose death he maie inherit lesse land than a kingdome I can no more but whosoeuer he be that breaketh this holie sanctuarie I praie God shortlie send him néed of sanctuarie when he maie not come to it For taken out of sanctuarie would I not my mortall enimie were The lord cardinall perceiuing that the quéene waxed euer the longer the farther off and also that she began to kindle and chafe and spake more biting words against the protector and such as he neither beléeued and was also loth to heare he said to hir for a finall conclusion that he would no longer dispute the matter but if she were content to deliuer the duke to him and to the other lords present he durst laie his owne bodie soule both in pledge not onelie for his suertie but also for his estate And if she would giue them a resolute answer to the contrarie he would foorthwith depart therwithall and shift who so would with this businesse afterwards for he neuer intended more to mooue hir in that matter in which she thought that he all other also saue hir selfe lacked either wit or truth wit if they were so dull that they could nothing perceiue what
line 20 In these conceptions no lesse strange for their varietie than great for the importance they drew and perhaps in other thoughts more secret and singular for in a mind so fierce and terrible all sorts of imaginations how great and vaine so euer they be are not incredible after the continuation of his sicknesse for manie daies he declined towards death and féeling the end of his mortalitie to hasten on and the same to preuent the execution of his high thoughts he caused to call togither the consistorie line 30 which albeit he could not assist in person by reason of his disease yet by the authoritie of it he caused to be confirmed the bull which he had published before against such as by simonie would clime vp vnto the popedome He declared that the election of his successor apperteined to the college of cardinals and not to the councell and that the cardinals schismatikes could haue no presence or communitie there to whom he protested there to pardon the iniuries they had doone him and praied to God to forgiue them the line 40 wrongs they had doone to his church After this he besought the college of cardinals that in his fauor and for his sake they would grant to the duke of Urbin his nephew the citie of Pesera in patronage or vicarage alledging the consideration that by meane of the duke it had béene recouered to the church after the death of Iohn Sforce In no other matter he expressed anie priuate or particular affection Insomuch as Madame Felice his daughter ioining line 50 with hir the petitions of manie others beseeching him with great importunitie to create cardinall Guido de Montfalcon being hir brother by the mothers side he answered roundlie that he was not worthie of that degree He made not his affections conformable to their desires In that last action of life he shewed no parcialitie in worldlie causes his present debilitie could diminish nothing of his ancient resolution but expressed in all things the same constancie and seueritie togither with that iudgement and force of mind which he had before his sicknesse line 60 in which firme estate and disposition of spirit he receiued deuoutlie the offices of the church and the one and twentith daie of Februarie he ended his course of these mortall and present paines He was a prince of incredible constancie and courage but so full of furie vnrulie conceptions that the reuerence that was borne to the church the discord of princes the conditions of times did more to staie him from his ruine than either his moderation or his discretion worthie no doubt of great glorie if either he had béene a prince secular or if that care and intention which he had to raise the church into temporall greatnesse by the meane of warre had béene imploied to exalt it by the meane of peace in matters spirituall Neuerthelesse he was lamented aboue all his predecessors no lesse estéemed of those who hauing either lost the true consideration of things or at least ignorant how to distinguish and peise them rightlie iudged it an office more duelie apperteining to popes to increase the iurisdiction of the sée apostolike by armes and blood of christians than by good example of holie life and due curing and correction of corrupt maners to trauell for the sauing of those soules for whom they glorie so much that Iesus Christ hath named them his vicars in earth and therefore it is a good consequent that he is a branch or rather a brand of the diuell as one concludeth against him saieng Impius est igitur natus cacodaemone papa Turpibus genijs est homicida satus About the same time the warres yet continuing betwéene England France Prior Iehan of whom ye haue heard before in the fourth yéere of this kings reigne great capteine of the French nauie with his gallies and foists charged with great basilisks and other artillerie came on the borders of Sussex in the night season at a poore village there called Brighthelmston burnt it taking such goods as he found But when the people began to gather by firing the becons Prior Iehan sounded his trumpet to call his men aboord and by that time it was daie Then certeine archers that kept the watch folowed Prior Iehan to the sea and shot so fast that they beat the gallie men from the shore and wounded manie in the foist to the which Prior Iehan was constreined to wade and was shot in the face with an arrow so that he lost one of his eies and was like to haue died of the hurt and therefore he offered his image of wax before our ladie at Bullongne with the English arrow in the face for a miracle The lord admerall offended with this proud part of the Frenchmen in making such attempt on the English coasts sent sir Iohn Wallop to the sea with diuers ships which sailing to the coasts of Normandie landed there and burnt one and twentie villages and townes with diuerse ships in the hauen of Treaport Staples and other where Men maruelled greatlie at the manfull dooings of sir Iohn Wallop considering he had not past an eight hundred men and tooke land there so often In Iune sir Thomas Louell was sent ouer to Calis with six hundred men to strengthen that towne and other the fortresses within the English pale for doubt of anie sudden attempt to be made by the Frenchmen bicause monsieur de Pontremie with a mightie armie and great ordinance was come downe néere to Ard howbeit be taried not long but raised his campe within a while after his comming thither and returned without anie more dooing The French king perceiuing what losses he had susteined by the warres against England and doubting least one euill lucke should still follow in the necke of an other determined to make sute for peace and first agrâ—eing with pope Leo desired him to be a meane also for the procuring of some agréement betwixt him and the king of England ¶ This pope Leo of that name the tenth before his election cardinall of Medicis bare but seauen and thirtie yeeres of age which albeit was so much the more maruellous and wonderfull by how much the election was contrarie to custome yet the yong cardinals were the principall causers of it by their industrie hauing long time afore secretlie agréed amongst themselues to create the first pope of their number The most parts and nations of christendome reioised much at this election euerie one interteining an assured expectation of his vertues as well by the present and gréene memorie of the valor of his late father as for an vniuersall reputation that went of his owne inclinations and liberalities To this estimation was ioined a generall opinion of his continencie and life not atteinted togither with a gladsome hope that by the example of his father he would be a furtherer of learning and beare fauor to wits disposed
the voices of the electors with his huge summes of monie especiallie for that there were amongest them both pensionaries to him and otherwise assured by manie good offices who incouraging him with the facilitie of the enterprise pushed him on to imbrace it And for his part as mortall men are apt to beléeue the thing they desire so he nourished that hope with reasons rather apparant than true he knew that commonlie it was a matter grieuous to the princes of Germanie to haue the emperors mightie being gealous that in so great a puissance they would not either in part or in all quarrell the iurisdictions and authorities imperiall occupied by manie of them In which reason he persuaded himselfe that they would in no sort consent to the election of the Spaniard so of themselues to subiect themselues to an emperor more mightie than had beene since a long descent and race of emperors A matter which in his person séemed to be qualified for that hauing neither estates nor ancient aliances in Germanie they had no occasion of suspicion of his greatnesse The same reason also made him beleeue well of the conformitie of the frée townes in whome much lesse that the regard of the glorie of the nation would carie it from him séeing it would helpe to peize the ballance on his side for that with most men the motions of proper and priuate interest maie doo more than the respect of publike and generall profit He knewe it was not a little grieuous to manie noble houses of Germanie pretending to be capable of such a dignitie to see the empire continue so long time in one house but much more did it discontent them to suffer that so great an estate which of right ought sometimes to be giuen to one of them and sometime to passe to another should become a perpetuall descent and succession in one line insomuch as they might call inheritance and succession that election which durst not leaue the line of the emperors That in that sort the empire was translated from Albert de Austrich to Frederike his brother and from Frederike to Maximilian his sonne and now there was deuise to passe it from Maximilian to the person of Charles his grandchild By these humors and indignations of the princes of Germanie he tooke hope that the discords and gealousies among ◠themselues might helpe on his cause the rather for that it often happeneth in the contentions of men that he that is excluded or the partie whome he fauoureth runneth with a naturall rashnesse rather to call in and to aduance a third than to giue place to him that hath opposed against his intention Moreouer the French king was not without his hopes in the fauour of the pope both in regard of the amitie and aliance newlie past betwixt them and also for that he was not ignorant how inconuenient it would be to the sée apostolike to haue the imperiall crowne inuested in Charls nor so much for his owne greatnesse as for that by the opportunitie and neighbourhood of the realme of Naples to the estate of the church and the adherencie of the barons of the Gebelins he had a plaine and open passage to run vp to the gates of Rome But in that discourse he considered not that the same reason which he iudged true against Charles was also against himselfe for that the empire being ioined to his person he was no lesse to be feared of line 10 the pope all others than Charles For that though the one of them possessed happilie more realmes and states yet the other was not to be lesse esteemed hauing his power not dispersed nor separate in manie places but was prince of a realme entierlie assembled and vnited where the obedience and fidelitie of his subiects was no lesse woonderfull than his treasure and riches infinite Neuerthelesse not knowing in himselfe that which he considered in an other he had recourse to the pope and implored his fauor vnder line 20 the offer and protestation of his person and kingdoms with all other deuotions of a louing son Notwithstanding all this the French king was abused by his vaine hope which fed him with fansies of the empire where to he was not allotted nor elected For on the twentie eight of Iune was elected to be emperor Charles king of Castile and nephue to the quéene by the whole assent of the electors of the empire namelie the archbishop of Maience the archbishop of Cullen the count Palatine and the duke line 30 of Saxon. Although the French king sent his great maister to cause him to be elected to the high maiestie of the empire yet his ambassador and great maister of his houshold called Gonffier lord of Boisie and brother to William Gonffier lord Boneuet admerall of France which was ambassador in England the last yéere as you haue heard did not so his message that it tooke anie effect The king which had sent doctor Pace his secretarie for the aduancement of his nephue the king of Castile to the dignitie imperiall line 40 because he had the duchie of Austrich and manie other seigniories in Almaine was verie ioious of this election and caused a solemne masse to be soong at Paules the seuenth daie of Iulie at which masse was present the cardinall Campeius the cardinall of Yorke the duke of Buckingham of Norffolke Suffolke with the ambassadours of Spaine France Uenice and Scotland After masse was doone the quier sang Te Deum and then all the lords departed to Bainards castell to line 50 dinner and that night were solemne fires made thorough London and great plentie of wine giuen by Italians Dutchmen and Spaniards for these newes In this yeare the king with all the knights of his order being in England rode on double horsses with the henchmen following the king from Colbrooke to Windsore in gorgious apparell and there he kept with great solemnitie the feast of saint George and dined in the hall The bishop of Winchester prelat of the order sat at the boords end alone The king line 60 was solemnelie serued and the surnap cast like the feast of a coronation All things were plentious to strangers that resorted thither At the masse of Requiem were offered the banner other habillements of honour belonging to Maximilian the emperour late deceassed After this feast ended the king came to Richmond and so to Gréenewich and there laie all Maie In which moneth the kings councell secretlie communed togither of the kings gentlenesse and liberalitie to all persons by the which they perceiued that certeine yoong men in his priuie chamber not regarding his estate or degree were so familiar and homelie with him that they forgat themselues Which things although the king of his gentle nature suffered and not rebuked nor reprooued it yet the kings councell thought it not méet to be suffered for the kings honour and therefore they all togither came to the king beseeching him to haue more
le of Iusketh leauing therein foure ensignes of Englishmen and one of Italians with certeine pioners to fortifie the place But the Frenchmen as in the Scotish historie yée shall find more at large after the departure of the English nauie recouered that I le againe out of the Englishmens possession after they had kept it sixtéene daies with the slaughter of capteine Cotton their generall capteine Applebie one Iasper that was capteine of the Italians beside others After the recouering of this I le monsieur be Desse returned into France leauing his charge to monsieur de Thermes latelie before there arriued who after the departure of the said Desse with a campe volant did what he could to stop the Englishmen within Hadington from vittels But notwithstanding the earle of Rutland being lieutenant of the north did not onlie vittell it but put the French armie in danger of an ouerthrow as it was thought must néeds haue folowed if they had not with more spéed than is vsed in a common march slipt awaie after they perceiued the English armie so neare at their elbowes Moreouer beside these inordinate vprores and insurrections aboue mentioned about the latter end of the said moneth of Iulie in the same yeare which was 1549 an other like sturre or commotion began at Semer in the northriding of Yorkeshire and continued in the eastriding of the same and there ended The principall dooers and raisers vp whereof was one William Ombler of Eastheslerton yeoman and Thomas Dale parish clearke of Semer with one Stéeuenson of Semer neighbour to Dale and nephue to Ombler which Stéeuenson was a meane or messenger betwéene the said Ombler and Dale being before not acquainted togither and dwelling seuen miles one from the other who at last by the trauell of the said Steeuenson and their owne euill dispositions inclined to vngratiousnesse and mischiefe knowing before one the others mind by secret conference were brought to talke togither on saint Iames daie Anno 1549. The causes moouing them to raise this rebellion were these First principally their traitorous harts grudging at the kings most godlie procéedings in aduancing and reforming the true honour of God and his religion An other cause also was for trusting to a blind and a fantasticall prophesie wherwith they were seduced thinking the same prophesie shuld shortlie come to passe by hearing the rebellions of Norffolke of Deuonshire and other places The tenour of which prophesie and purpose togither of the traitors was that there should no king reigne in England the noblemen and gentlemen to be destroied and the realme to be ruled by foure gouernours to be elected and appointed by the commons holding a parlement in commotion to begin at the south and north seas of England supposing that this rebellion in the north and the other of the Deuonshire men in the west méeting as they intended at one place to be the meane how to compasse this their traitorous diuelish deuise And therfore laieng their studies togither how to find out more companie to ioine with them in that detestable purpose and to set forward the sturre this deuise they framed to sturre in two places the one distant seuen miles from the line 10 other and at the first rush to kill and destroie such gentlemen and men of substance about them as were fauourers of the kings proceedings or which would resist them But first of all for the more spéedie raising of men they deuised to burne beacons thereby to bring the people togither as though it were to defend the sea-coasts and hauing the ignorant people assembled then to powre out their poison first beginning with the rudest and poorest sort such as they thought were line 20 pricked with pouertie and were vnwilling to labor and therefore the more readie to follow the spoile of rich mens goods blowing into their heads that Gods seruice was laid aside and new inuentions neither good nor godlie put in place and so feeding them with faire promises to reduce into the church againe their old ignorance and idolatrie thought by that means soonest to allure them to rage and run with them in this commotion And furthermore to the intent they would giue the more terror to the gentlemen at the line 30 first rising least they should be resisted they deuised that some should be murthered in churches some in their houses some in seruing the king in commission and other as they might be caught and to picke quarels at them by alteration of seruice on the holie daies and thus was the platforme cast of their deuise according as afterward by their confession at their examinations was testified and remaineth in true record Thus they being togither agréed Ombler and line 40 Dale with others by their secret appointment so laboured the matter in the parish of Semer Wintringham and the townes about that they were infected with the poison of this confederacie in such sort that it was easie to vnderstand whervnto they would incline if a commotion were begun the accomplishment whereof did shortlie follow For although by the words of one drunken fellow of that conspiracie named Caluerd at the alehouse in Wintringham line 50 some suspicion of that rebellion began to be smelled before by the lord president and gentlemen of those parties and so preuented in that place where the rebels thought to begin yet they gaue not ouer so but drew to another place at Semer by the seacoast and there by night rode to the beacon at Straxton and set it on fire and so gathering togither a rude rout of rascals out of the townes neare about being on a sturre Ombler Thomas Dale Barton and Robert Dale hasted foorthwith with the rebels to maister line 60 Whites house to take him who notwithstanding being on horssebacke minding to haue escaped their hands Dale Ombler and the rest of the rebels tooke him and Clopton his wiues brother one Sauage a merchant of Yorke and one Berrie seruant to sir Walter Mildmaie Which foure without cause or quarell sauing to fulfill their seditious prophesie in some part and to giue a terror to other gentlemen they cruellie murthered after they had caried them one mile from Semer towards the Wold and there after they had stripped them of their clothes purses left them naked behind them in the plaine fields for crowes to feed on vntill Whites wife and Sauages wife then at Semer caused them to bée buried Long it were and tedious to recite what reuell these rebels kept in their raging madnesse who ranging about the countrie from towne to towne to inlarge their vngratious and rebellious band taking those with force which were not willing to go leauing in no towne where they came anie man aboue the age of sixtéene yeares so increased this number that in short time they had gathered three thousand to fauour their wicked attempts and had like to haue gathered more had not the
the conestables of England pag. 869. Richard Plantagenet third sonne to Richard duke of Yorke was conestable of England and gouernour of the person of the king of whome is more spoken in my discourse of the conestables of England pag. 869. But here mentioning the conestables of England I thinke it better now than not at all to mention also some imperfection and default in my former discourse of the said conestables set downe by me before in pag. 865. Which default of mine in that place grew by reason of ouermuch hast which I vsed in sudden seeking for the same whereby according to the old prouerbe I brought foorth a blind whelpe For in the former description I haue omitted diuerse the which were conestables of England the names of which were Henrie the first in the life of his father Nigellus and Robert de Oilie with others of that line in descent which Nigellus I can not as yet learne to be anie other but Nigellus de Oilie brother to Robert de Oilie that came in with the Conqueror who gaue Oxfordshire vnto the said Robert Besides which if it shall séeme to anie that I haue in my former treatise rashlie written I know not what that here I make Henrie the first conestable in his father the Conquerors time by contrarietie therevnto did before make Walter conestable also in the Conquerors and William Rufus his time let them know that there is no contrarietie herein For Walter might first be conestable then Henrie the first and both they in the Conquerors time this office being taken from the first and giuen to the latter by the Conqueror After whose death William Rufus might take it from his brother Henrie bicause he would not make him too great in England for doubt least he might hereby put the crowne in hazard being fauoured of the people as one borne in England and for that cause might restore that office to Walter Againe it maie be that some men reading that I haue before set downe that Mawd the empresse gaue the conestableship to Milo the son of Walter in the sixt of king Stephan and that king Stephan tooke that office from Milo in the first yere of his reigne and gaue it to Walter Beauchampe will condemne me therefore of like vnaduised writing bicause it seemeth thereby that Stephan tooke it from Milo before that Milo had it Which is not so for I can proue with some reason and authoritie that Milo had it a little before the death of king Henrie the first and also after his death in part of the first yeare of king Stephan being witnesse to a deed by king Stephan made and dated the first of his reigne to which he subscribed his name Milo Constabularius After which king Stephan might in that yeare take that office from him and so he did Which Mawd the empresse vnderstanding and finding Milo now fallen from king Stephan one which assisted hir she the better to confront Stephan gaue the conestableship to Milo accounting hir selfe as quéene in the sixt of Stephan This being thus spoken in defense of that which before I haue written pag. 866. let vs go to our other line 10 matter concerning the conestables not mentioned before in the said discourse wherein I find my selfe in a maruellous laberinth out of which I doubt that the best antiquaries cannot loose themselues no not he which thinketh and saith that he can controll all men for I suppose he will be lame in this matter how all these could be conestables vnlesse that in the time of Henrie the first and of king Stephan as it is most likelie there was chopping changing putting in and taking out setting vp and pulling downe line 20 one man in diuerse yeares of one and the selfe same king for king Stephan was sometime a king and sometime as no king and then againe a king And so likewise was it with Mawd the empresse at the same time bearing hir selfe sometime as queene and then deiected as no quéene But be it as it will be I will here set downe what I find in ancient charters and pedegrées touching the conestables of England not before mentioned leauing the same to others either to order for succession of time or to amend for line 30 truth of matter who peraduenture reading these things which I haue seene and will here set downe can bestow them in better order than I can which I earnestlie praie them to doo whereby truth maie be brought to light and perfection which as yet touching these conestables set downe in this place séemeth to be obscured and confused vntill the time that Roger Fitz Miles had that office for from his time the same is without all controuersie sufficientlie knowne Wherefore here before I enter into the descent line 40 of the de Oilies who were conestables of England I will set downe a strange note of thrée persons witnesses to a déed dated Primo Stephani anno Dom. 1136 who doo all subscribe their names as conestables Which charter being the same wherein king Stephan gaue the manor of Sudton or Sutton to the house of Winchester the same was amongst other witnesses thus signed Robertus de Veer constabularius Milo constabularius Brientius filius comitis constabularius all who could not be conestables of England at line 50 one time Wherfore sauing correction I suppose that it is out of all controuersie that neither the first nor the last of these three were conestables of England but of some other places as of Douer or other castels And so to that which I haue further to saie of the kings conestables in one descent and succession of the de Oilies being tearmed the kings conestables both in ancient charters and pedegrées whereof Nigellus before mentioned séemeth to be one This Nigellus was conestable of England in the line 60 yeare of our redemption one thousand one hundred and one being the first yéere of king Henrie the first as may appeare by a déed of confirmation made by Henrie the first touching the cathedrall church of Norwich whereof I thinke good to saie somewhat to bring in the proofe that this Nigellus was constable This church was built for the most part in the time of William Rufus by Herebert de Losinga the first bishop of Norwich who translated the sée from Tetford vnto Norwich in the yeare of Christ 1094 which church being finished and consecrated to the holie trinitie was afterward confirmed by Henrie the first and Mawd his wife in the first yeare of the said Henrie being the yeare of our redemption 1101 to the charter whereof signed by king Henrie Mawd his wife were manie bishops noblemen and abbats witnesses amongst whome are these two set downe Nigellus Constabularius and Rogerus Cancellarius of which Nigellus thus writeth Leland in his commentaries on the song of the swan in the word Isidis insulae Erat Roberto frater Nigellus nomine de quo fam◠non admodum multa refert
denied with manie protestations that he neuer saw them affirming they were none of his but were foisted in as he termed it among his papers by the gentlemen that searched his house Notwithstanding being more earnestlie pressed to confesse the truth he said they had beene left he knew not how in his chamber by a man of his who not long before was departed out of the realme named Edward Rogers aliàs Nuttebie by whome they were written And to make this deuise to carie some colour of truth after his committing vnto the line 10 Tower he found the meanes to get thrée cards on the backeside of which cards he wrote to his brother George Throckemorton to this effect I haue béene examined by whome the two papers conteining the names of certeine noblemen and gentlemen and of hauens c were written I haue alleged them to haue beene written by Edward Nuttebie my man of whose handwriting you know them to be meaning by this deuise to haue had his brother confirme his falshood line 20 These cards were intercepted and thereby the suspicion before conceiued of his practises increased Wherevpon as vpon other iust cause and matter against him hauing béene sundrie times brought before some of the principall personages of hir maiesties most honourable priuie councell and by them with all industrie examined and persuaded in verie mild and charitable maner to confesse the truth promising to procure pardon for him in case he would bewraie the depth of his practises but no persuasion line 30 preuailing hir maiestie thought it agréeable with good policie and the safetie of hir roiall person and state to commit him ouer to the hands of some of hir learned councell and others hir faithfull seruants and ministers with commission to them to assaie by torture to draw from him the truth of the matters appearing so weightie as to concerne the inuading of the realme c. These men by vertue of that commission procéeded with him first as the councell had formerlie doone by waie of persuasion line 40 to induce him to confesse but finding that course not to preuaile they were constreined to commit him to such as are vsuallie appointed in the Tower to handle the racke by whome he was laied vpon the same and somewhat pinched although not much for at the end of thrée daies following he had recouered himselfe and was in as good plight as before the time of his racking which if it had then or anie other time beene ministred vnto him with that violence that he and his fauourers haue indeuoured line 50 slanderouslie to giue out the signes thereof would haue appeared vpon his lims for manie yeares At this first time of torture he would confesse nothing but continued in his former obstinacie and deniall of the truth The second time that he was put to the racke before he was strained vp to anie purpose he yeelded to confesse anie thing he knew in the matters obiected against him wherevpon he was loosed And then the commissioners proceeded with line 60 him according to such interrogatories as had béene deliuered vnto them which for the more breuitie shall here be omitted the intent of this declaration tending onelie to discouer vnto you the treasons and treacherous dealings of the said Francis Throckemorton as well before as since his imprisonment for your better knowledge of the man and manifestation of the due and iust procéedings held with him by hir maiesties commissioners appointed vnto that seruice And here you are to note that when he was first pressed to discouer by whome the plots of the hauens were set downe and to what purpose he began without anie further interrogation ministred by waie of an historicall narration to declare that at his being at Spain in the countrie of Liege certeine yeares past he entered into conference with one Iennie a notorious knowne traitor touching the altering of the state of the realme here and how the same might be attempted by forren inuasion and to the like effect had sundrie conferences with sir Francis Englefield in the low countries who dailie solicited the Spanish king in Spaine and his gouernors in the said countries to attempt the inuading of the realme continued a course of practising against hir maiestie the state by letters betweene sir Francis Englefield himselfe till within these two yeares last past and that he did from time to time acquaint sir Iohn Throckemorton his late father with his traitorous practises who as he said séeing no probabilitie of successe in them dissuaded him from anie further meddling with those practises He hath further confessed that he vsed his fathers aduise opinion in setting downe the names of the catholike noblemen gentlemen and did acquaint him with the description of the hauens for the landing of forces which he conceiued and put in writing onelie by view of the map not by particular sight or surueie of the said hauens Item he hath also confessed that vpon the intermission of writing of letters and the accustomed intelligences passed betwéene sir Francis Englefield and him he was made acquainted by his brother Thomas Throckemorton by letters and conference and by Thomas Morgan by letters two of the principall confederats and workers of these treasons residing in France with a resolute determination agréed on by the Scotish quéene and hir confederats in France and in other forren parts and also in England for the inuading of the realme That the duke of Guise should be the principall leader and executor of that inuasion That the pretention which should be publikelie notified should be to deliuer the Scotish quéene to libertie to procure euen by force from the quéenes maiestie a tolerance in religion for the pretended catholikes But the intention the bottome whereof should not at the first be made knowne to all men should be vpon the quéenes maiesties resistance to remooue hir maiestie from hir crowne and state That the duke of Guise had prepared the forces but there wanted two things monie and the assistance of a conuenient partie in England to ioine with the forren forces and a third thing how to set the Scotish queene at libertie without perill of hir person For the first thing wanting that is monie messengers were sent from forren parts both to Rome and Spaine their returne dailie expected to their liking And the Spanish ambassadour to incourage the English to ioine both in purse person did giue out that the king his maister would not onlie make some notable attempt against England but also would beare halfe the charge of the enterprise For the second thing that is the preparing of a sufficient partie in England to receiue and to ioine with the forren forces one especiall messenger was sent ouer into England in August last vnder a counterfeit name from the confederats in France to signifie the plat and preparation there and to solicit the same here That
hir maiestie and hir councell to be notorious practisers verie inward with the duke of Guise and contriuers of the treasons and deuises for the inuasion intended And for verie certeine knowledge thereof we néed not be beholding to Francis Throckemorton onelie although he hath said much of them but to others of better credit than himselfe That the duke of Guise did vndertake the enterprise to inuade the realme with a forren power to be defraied by the pope and king of Spaine a part of maister Throckemortons confession and he in truth the first discouerer thereof to hir maiestie if he will say that it was but inuention it will approue false For since he discouered the same there haue béene diuerse aduertisements thereof sent to hir maiestie from forren princes hir highnesse louing neighbors and alies as also by other good meanes and intelligences from hir ambassadors and seruants residing in other countries If he denie as he hath doone that he neuer had knowledge of anie such matter when he confessed the same it hath no likelihood of line 10 truth for Throckemorton was neuer knowne to be a prophet to foretell things Defuturo He resorted often to the Spanish ambassador at the least twise a wéeke when he was in London this often repaire could not be to conferre with the ambassador for the exchange of monie for his brother as he pretended at his arreignement there was some other cause When he was apprehended he had a casket couered with gréene veluet verie cunninglie conueied out of his chamber by a maidseruant line 20 of the house taken vp vnder a beds side in his chamber one of the gentlemen who were sent to apprehend him then being in the chamber vnknowing thereof which casket not long after his apprehension was by one Iohn Meredith a follower of Throckemorton conueied to the hands of the Spanish ambassador And why to him If the matters therein might well haue abidden the light why should not the casket haue béene kept still at home And if not there why not sent to some other place of line 30 safetie as well as to the Spanish ambassador It is to be conceiued that this casket was not conueied thither without the direction of Francis Throckemorton though caried by Meredith who did well know of what moment the matters were that were within the casket of what danger to Throckemorton if they had béene disclosed therefore meant to bestowe them in a safe place where they could not readilie be had as he thought and with a person not vnacquainted with the qualitie of them After the line 40 deliuerie of the casket Meredith fled for in truth he was priuie to the treasons and a fellow practiser in them To whome Francis Throckemorton being taken short at the time of his apprehension and forced to run vp a staire to deface a letter which he was then in writing to the Scotish quéene in cipher as he hath confessed being suddenlie apprehended and so forced to depart awaie presentlie out of his house deliuered priuilie into the hands of Meredith either the cipher by the which he was writing his letter line 50 to the Scotish quéene or a letter in cipher by him written vnto hir therefore he trusted Meredith as a man priuie to his dooings You are also to vnderstand that Throckemorton was in verie great feare of the discouering of this casket after his apprehension For remaining two or thrée daies prisoner in the house of one of the gentlemen that were sent to apprehend him before he was committed to the Tower he was permitted to talke with a solicitor of his law causes who brought him line 60 certeine bookes drawne or other like papers written which he made shew to peruse But that was not the matter why he sent for his solicitor for in perusing the bookes he conueied into them a little péece of paper vpon the which he had written with a cole I would faine know whether my casket be safe or to the like effect The solicitor departing from him and resorting to Throckemortons house not far distant from the place where he remained prisoner opening his papers did shake out this peece of paper which he tooke vp and deliuered to one of Francis Throckemortons men but the casket was alreadie conueid to the Spanish ambassador Wherby you wil perceiue what care he had of the casket how much it might import him to haue the writings or matters within the same concealed He being examined touching the casket and what was in the same he denied at the first that euer he had anie such casket but finding afterwards that the casket was discouered he confessed the casket and said there were certeine letters therein that came to his hands for the Scotish quéene from Thomas Morgan at Paris and other letters and papers but confessed not all as it is supposed That Charles Paget came ouer into the realme to euill purposes as Throckemorton dooth declare in his confession could not be inuented for euen at the same time that he mentioneth Paget came ouer in secret and suspicious maner staied not aboue fiftéene daies indeuored in a sort to find the disposition of William Shellie esquier how he might stand affected to giue assistance to the treasons although Paget discouered not directlie his traitorous intents to Shellie therefore all Throckemortons confessions were not forged or inuented But bicause the two papers produced at his arreignement conteining the description of the hauens for the commodious landing of forces doo most apparantlie condemne him and are a manifest argument of his priuitie to the whole treason you may not forget that he acknowledged one of the papers written in the secretarie hand to haue béene of his owne dooing but denied the other written in the Romane hand In the which vnder the title of Cheshire c is said Upon the landing of forren supplies Chester shall be taken But what in your opinions might be vnderstood by that sentence Chester shall be taken when you shall compare the paper in the secretarie hand with the other written in the Romane hand intituled The names of noblemen and gentlemen in euerie countie fit to be dealt withall in this matter which in truth were both one although the Romane were somewhat more inlarged the question is to be asked What matter The answer followeth necessarilie To assist the forren forces that shall come to inuade the realme for that there is an other title in that paper ouer the names of the hauens c Hauens in euerie coast fit for the landing of forces Now iudge you to what end these names of men and descriptions of hauens their entries capacities what winds bring vnto them from Spaine France and Flanders were written and set downe by Throckemorton the papers are both of his owne handwriting and the secretarie but a proiect or copie of the Romane Is it not likelie thinke you that he would acquaint the
and that there was some different betwéene the pope the king of Spaine for the charge I told him that the surest course and of least danger were to send a supplie into Scotland where a small force would bréed a great alteration and things being there established by the good liking of the king I thought it was in him by a continuall war by incursions so to annoie this state as hir maiestie here should be forced to yéeld the libertie of the Scotish quéene and what should therevpon haue beene reasonablie demanded for the benefit of the catholikes here And herein I said it would be a great furtherance if at the same time some few were landed in Ireland where although they abide the same hazard that the former forces susteined yet would the charge be so great to hir maiestie and so great an occasion of dispersing of hir forces as a much lesse companie than was spoken of first by me would being landed here in a conuenient place shake the minds of men generallie and be of force if anie thing to draw them to shew themselues in the furtherance of the purpose He vtterlie reiected the purpose for Ireland and disliked not the purpose for Scotland but still he was in mind to haue forces landed here and therefore desired me verie earnestlie to inquire particularlie of the hauens on the side of Cumberland and Lancashire and what men were dwelling there that were well affected in religion and what places easie to be taken and what apt for fortification The next time that I went to the Spanish ambassador he found himselfe gréeued that he vnderstood matters were determined in France without his priuitie and told me that Persons the Iesuit was gone vnto Rome sent as he thought to vnderstand the popes mind Soone after came ouer my brother Thomas to make an end of our account and to persuade me to come ouer assuring me that for ought he could see in likelihood the enterprise was neuer like to take effect In the time of his being here and while I interteined intelligence with the Scotish quéene concerning hir libertie the Spanish ambassador sent for me and told me of the comming ouer of Mope to view Sussex and the hauens and as he thought to tast the best of account there whereat he line 10 séemed to be aggreeued for that such matters had not béene left to him being one whome they in France made beléeue that they relied vpon principallie in this enterprise Afterwards the ambassador told me that it was Charles Paget and that he was returned but where he had béene he knew not and at the same time I receiued a letter from Morgan that it was Paget but assuring me and so willed me to assure the ambassador that his comming was not to mooue anie man but onelie to view the countrie line 20 for that the moouing of anie man was referred vnto him I did so and he intreated me to remember him for those foresaid names and hauens saieng that so it were doone exactlie by the spring it would suffice for that sooner he saw no likelihood of the execution of the enterprise My brother hauing made an end of his account with me returned with this resolution betweene vs I protest before God that if the enterprise succéeded not betweene this and the next spring now past that line 30 I would settle my things here and go ouer And for this cause he being gone I went downe into the countrie both to sell and take order for my lands in those parts as also to fetch the draught of gentlemen and hauens for the most part of England which had béene set downe by me aboue two yeares since and left behind me at Feckenham in my studie Not finding the draught at Feckenham I returned to London where I found the note of names in secretarie hand which I carried to the Spanish ambassador line 40 and there drew that other in Romane hand in his studie putting downe Chester to be taken in respect of the easinesse as I thought and the rather to giue him incouragement in the matter I left it with him promising him that by the next spring I would perfect it if I taried so long making knowne vnto him that I was had in suspicion and my determination to be gone but he pressed the contrarie of me assuring me that if the enterprise procéeded not he would then also depart line 50 Whether sir Francis Englefield were a dealer in this practise or no I know not but sure I am for so the Spanish ambassador told me that sir Francis had intelligence with the said ambassador all the time of his being here The Spanish ambassador told me that he heard the people of Northwales were generallie well affected and therefore he desired to haue the hauens of that countrie I told him that hereafter I would helpe him therevnto although no good might be expected there for the reasons by me set downe in my first confession and line 60 herevpon the daie before mine apprehension the ambassador sent me backe the said paper in Romane hand desiring me to set downe the same at my leasure more exactlie which was the cause that it was not in my gréene veluet casket The writings in my casket were such as were by me confessed and came vnto my hands as I haue confessed ¶ I most humblie beséech hir most excellent maiestie that she extremitie which I haue alreadie susteined and the causes by 〈◊〉 discouered to the safetie of hir maiestie and the state 〈◊〉 made knowne as hath appeared by anie other meane than by my selfe may craue at hir hands the extending of hir gratious commiseration towards the releeuing of the lamentable estate of me hir maiesties poore distressed subiect and mine if God for mine offenses forbid not the same Now iudge all ye that be not peruerslie affected whether Throckemorton be iustlie condemned and whether his confessions though as he pretended extorted from him by violence be of force in law against him He conspired to ouerthrow the state to bring in strangers to inuade the realme to remoue hir maiestie from hir lawfull naturall right and inheritance to the crowne of England and to place a stranger in hir seat But this last point for placing of a stranger will per chance be denied then note that in the whole course of the practise the greatest barre to the prosecution of the enterprise was they found no waie how to put the Sco tish queene in safetie Then if these dangerous treasons be discouered by torture the onelie meanes left vnto princes to discouer treasons and attempts against their states and persons where they find apparant matter to induce suspicion as in the case of Throckemorton vpon sight of the plots of hauens c may the law touch the traitor or not If anie man hold this question negatiuelie hold him for a friend to traitors and treasons and an enimie