number of souldiers but yet not of purpose to deceiue the Prince neyther yet to enryche them selues by sauing of theyr pay for if they haue wanted ten or twelue of theyr number whiche they haue ben allowed for they haue yet had twentie or thirtie Gentlemen to whom they haue geuen doubell paye the better to maintayne them selues in the Princes seruice and the rather to incourage both them and others to serue for it is generally séene that a Gentleman wyll soonest prooue a souldier of any other and shewe hym selfe most valiaunt in the fielde and when Xerxes king of Persia was in manner put to the worse but of .300 Lacedemonians where he hym selfe had with a very great multitude he confessed hym selfe deceiued in that he tooke with hym many men but fewe souldiers for he perceiued that it forced not so muche howe many there be as howe well assayed picked and tryed they be and it may be that these Captaynes be of Xerxes mynd they had rather bring the smaller nūber of chosen souldiers then the greater companie of ordinarie men as they be appoynted Mars although this excuse séemeth to be reasonable yet for some causes it is not tollerable but yet as thou sayest sufficient yenough to pourge them from any pretended deceipt towards theyr Prince Aug. And who woulde suppose that any Captayne woulde séeke to deceiue his souldier on whose report hangeth the greatest part of his credite for what greater infamie may come to a Captayne then to be defamed by his own souldiers and such as hath serued hym But it hath ben the custome in England as I haue heard that in the tyme of seruice in what Shiere soeuer souldiers were leuyed theyr Captayne was lykewise appoynted in the same Shiere some Gentlemen of great worship and of fayre reuenewes who had ben able if cause had so constrained to haue serued the Prince and rather would haue spent a thousand pound amongst his souldiers then to haue sought to defraude thē by any manner of meanes this gaue some incouragement to men when they dyd knowe theyr Captayne to be of countenaunce amongst them it dyd lykewyse bréede due obediēce in souldiers when they were in the warres theyr Captayne beyng suche a one as had gouernement amongest them to minister iustice when they were at home in the tyme of peace to be briefe it caused euery one to endeuour hym selfe to vse his best seruice and to please his Captayne to the ende that when the warres were fynished it lay yet in the Captaynes possibilitie at theyr returne to requite them eyther with good or ill accordyng as they had deserued The Captayne lykewyse when he consydered who they were that serued vnder hym and that he remembred them to be his neyghbours and suche as were dwellers about hym yea peraduenture manye of them his owne tenauntes he for his owne credites sake and to auoyde defamation would so order him selfe towardes them as they shoulde haue no cause to exclayme this by report hath ben the order tyl nowe of late and in my simple iudgement it were very necessarie if that manner of appoyntment were styll obserued Mer. but nowe thou must consyder the alteration of the tyme for in those dayes Gentlemen were as desyrous to become souldiers as they are nowe studious to become Lawyers but it is nowe come to an other passe ▪ for in the tyme of seruice there are very fewe whose experience may serue them to take charge but suche as are partly constrayned to it by néede then where the Captayne is néedie and the souldier more néedy there must néedes fal out some absurditie in seruice and by these meanes the orders of seruice in the warres are altogether corrupted and a great way from the auncient manners altered whereby hath growen these sinister opinions which maketh men to hate warlyke seruice and to flye the conuersation of such as doth professe it And as for the greatest parte of suche as be indued with worldly possessions hath a further desyre to folowe other vayne and idell deuises then they haue to serue and defende theyr countrey If they fynde the Prince a horse to the field they thynk them selues to haue bene at great cost and it is done so grudginly amongest a number of them that they cared not if he myght passe musters yf he were not able to go a myle out of towne suche is their impudencie as they haue no reason to deserue of thynges apperteynyng to theyr owne securitie Dyd not Philip king of Macedonia take occasion to conquere the Gréekes when he perceiued them to neglect the feates of armes geuyng themselues to other pleasaunt pastymes and to be occupyed about triflyng matters forgetting the iust regarde of theyr owne defence and safegarde of theyr countrey howe many examples myght here be alleaged to shew how daungerous it were for a Prince his Realme to be driuen to trust to the seruice of straūgers for lacke of sufficient skylfull men of their owne for theyr defence Soul. But howe greatly are we bounde to prayse the goodnesse of the sacred Gods through whose deuine powers we now enioy a most worthy Princes who although duryng the tyme of her Maiesties raigne by her politique gouernment shee hath styl continued her countrey and subiectes in a most peaceable and quiet estate yet what a zelous desyre shée lykewyse hath to haue her people instructed in the knowledge of warre and to haue thinges in a readinesse apparteyning to the same may very well be perceiued by her noble procéedings from tyme to tyme to the great comfort of all true Englishe hearts Mars Plutarch sayeth as a wise Marryner prepareth in caulme to looke for a storme so ought the minde when it is most at quiet to doubt of some tribulation and Alexander Seuerus a quiet wit and a clear vnderstanding taketh héede of thinges that are past prudently waying thynges that be present and thynges that are to come and Xeno sayeth to sée is but a smal thing but to forsée is a token of good wit howe many examples there be whiche wylleth the wyse in the tyme of peace to prouide for warre were ouer superfluous here to be rehearsed but forsamuch as we haue vsed this long discourse of Captaynes and that as Valerius Maximus saieth the pleasaunt and quiet state of blessed peace doth rest in the bosome custodie of the knowledge of warres I doo not therefore thynke it a misse to recite vnto thée many good instructions apparteyning to the same and because as Xeno sayeth No man ought to be chosen for his yeres or riches but for his vertues sake I wyll first begyn to shewe thée to howe manye vertues noble Captaines haue ben disposed and because mercye and pitie be two principall vertues wherewith Captaynes shoulde be indued for whiche cause the Lacedemonians vsed before they should go to the warre to make solemne sacrifice to the Muses to the ende they myght by them attayne aswell howe to
the dawning of the day the myst being somewhat thicke and the Ayer much obscured he made a few of his souldiers to shew themselues to those that kept watch in the Romaines Tents while Fuluius adressed him thetherward with hys Host Hanibal on the otherside inuaded his Campe and so brake out in the back of the Romaines and slew theyr Captaine with viii M. of their valiant men of Armes Alevvred King of Brytaine when the Danes wer entred his Realme of purpose to vnderstand their orders put himselfe in the habit of a Mynstrel by these meanes he came into their Campe wherby he toke occasion to geue them a great ouerthrow When Iphicrates of Athens had knowledge that his enemies dyd eate at one certayne tyme of the daye he commaunded that his men should take theyr repast somwhat more tymely then ranging forth in battayl at the same instant that his enemies should haue falne to their victuals he so delayed them that he neyther would geue them battayle nor yet suffer thē to depart when it drew towardes night hée reculed back againe but yet keping his men still in their Harnise but his enemyes being weried not only with long standing but also with long fasting made hast to refresh them selues and to take their repast Iphicrates agayne brought forth his Army and set vpon his enemyes whom he found all vnredy and out of order It behoueth a Captayne in some causes as much as in him lieth to abstayn from fight that is when eyther famishment or other naturall necessities hath brought the enemy into some vtter desperation which caused the Lacedemonians being certified by their spyes that the Messenians wer set on such a rage as they came to battayle with their wiues and children which caused the Lacedemonians to defer the fight Likewise when Caeser in the ciuil war had inclosed the Host of Affranius and Petriens within a Trench that they were pyned with thirst insomuch that they became desperate destroying all that would withstand them or profered with them to fight which Caeser perceiuing kept in his men supposing it not méete time then to begin But now to shew vppon how manye occasions noble victoryes haue bin attayned it would aske to long discourse considering they be so infinite yet for that many tymes it hath bin found to be of great importaunce during the time of fight to spred certayne rumors affirming the Captayne of the enemies to haue bin slayn or to haue ouercome on the other syde of the Armye or such lyke I will not forget considering it hath bin the cause of many victoryes to such as hath vsed it Iugurth in the battayle agaynst C. Marius by the same policy made the Romaines to recule so did Mironides of Athēs against the Thebians wherby he got the victory When Valerius Leuinus fought against Pirrhus and had kild a rascall Souldier he held vp his Sword all blody and made both the Hostes beléeue that hée had kyld Kyng Pirrhus wherfore his enemyes supposing them selues to bée destitute by the death of their Captayne all abashed with that lye gaue ouer the fight Whē Claudius the Emperour of Rome came to recouer tribute of Gwider King of Britaine who in the stead of tribute gaue vnto hym stronge and forceable battaile Hamo a Romayne Captayne Arming him self in a Britaines Armour by meanes wherof he came wher Gwider the King was and flew him which being perceiued by Aruiragus the Kinges brother tooke on him the Kinges Cognoscaunce and thus being taken for the King continued the fight whereby hée obtayned the victory against the Romaines When a Barbarouse Alien in battayle had broght word to Q. Sextorius that Herculeius was slain he straight slew him with his dagger least he should haue borne those newes any farther discouraged the Army One speciall regard ought to be had amongst Captaines when they be in fight which is not to bring the enemy into any extreame desperacion or so to inclose them that dispair should cause thē to fight which caused Haniball when he had inclosed the Germās at Trasimenus by which cōstraint they fought exceding fercely to opē his Army and to make them away to get out beating them downe as they fled without any losse of his owne men The lyke vsed L. Marcius a Romayne Knyght when hee had inclosed the Carthaginēces and so did Agesilans with the Thebans When Themistocles had vanqished the power of Xerxes he would in no wise agrée that the Bridge shuld be broken ouer the which they shuld returne saying it wer better to driue them out of Europa then to inforce them to fight in despayre Captayns shuld haue regard with what order they folow for he that with his people disparted pursueth his enemyes may hope to geue his enemies the victory as appeareth by Q. Fabius Maximus Consul being sent to succour the Sutrines agaynst the Hetrusciens so ordred the matter that whē the whol power of his enemies set against him then desembling as he feared them and as though he fled got the higher groūd the other folowing him out of order were by him not only vanquished but also bereued of theyr Campe. The lyke respect ought to be vsed by such as should fortune to be Conquerours and not through affiaunce of their victory to leaue them selues disordered least it might happen vnto them as happened to the Percians for whē T. Martius a Romain Knight being gouernour of the residue of the Hoast that remayned after the death of the twoo Scipyons perceiued that the twoo Hoastes of the Percians lay at hand not many miles a sunder he incouraged hys Souldyers to set vpon the Hoast that laye nexte hym at midnight being carelesse and out of order through affyaunce of their victory flewe them leauing not so much as a messenger to beare tidings of the miserable mischaunce and then geuing his Souldiers a litle space to rest them the same night with all spéed preuēting the fame of any thing don inuaded the other Army and thus twice in one night enioyed like chaunce of battaile and euery wher distroying the Percians hée restored Spayne againe to the Romaines And now for the better safetie of the pursued to cause such as folow to slack their pursute Triphon King of Syria vsed this meane to scatter money by the way as hée fled which so hindered Antiochus Horsemen that pursued him that he therby escaped When the Gaulls should fight with Attalus they deliuered all their Gold and Siluer to be kepte of certayne men that might scatter it abrod if it happened them to be put to flight to the intent they might the more easly escape their enemyes being let with the gathering vp of the pray When Q. Sertorius was put to flight of Quintius Metellus Pius he supposed not a thing sure ynough onlye to flée but also warned hys Souldiers to disparte themselues diuers wayes and tould them whither hée wold haue them resort Some
they thinking them selues halfe ouercome yelded vp There be many other practices wherwith the besieged hath bene beguiled some tyme when it hath bin knowne to the enemy that there should come ayde to assist them haue therfore appareled their Souldiers vnder the aunsients of those that should come and thus haue deceiued them Sometyme by taking of those that haue gone aforaging sending others in their apparaile Sometime by sending Souldiers vnder the colour of market men dryuing beastes laden with trashe Sometime by turning from them their water or else by poysoning of the same as did Clisthenes of Cicion the water that serued the towne of Criseans Sometyme when a Captayn hath found a Citie to be strong haue therefore conquered rounde about it all the Townes and Casteles of purpose to send in aboundaūce of people to the same Citie which they desired and by these meanes haue spent their victuals when famishment hath caused them to yeld Sometyme when Townes haue bin well replenished with men which beyng knowne to the enemy that came to besiege it haue turned to other places and by these meanes haue brought abought that the townes men on trust that their chiefe citie was strong enough haue emptyed themselues to defend others wherby it hath ben made easy to be won Fabius Maximus wasting and destroying the countrey of Campania to the ende he would leaue his enemies as bare as might be he departed from them in the séede time to the entent they might sow the residue of theyr Corne and when it was sprong vp he returned and trod it to naught and thus by famyn got them to yelde Thus I haue briefly shewed thée such sleyghtes as hath béen vsed by the noblest Captaynes the knowledge wherof would not a little norish the imaginations of such as should peruse them ther resteth now to shew thée certayn general rules which are no lesse worthy to be noted then profitable to be folowed and thus they begin That whatsoeuer is profitable to thée is hurtfull to thy enemie and that which helpeth him hindereth thée He that in war most laboureth and exerciseth his Souldiers in warlike trauails shall alway sustayne lest perill and sonest hope of victory Those counsailes are best which the enemy knoweth nothing of tyll they be executed Occasion or sodaine hope in battail helpeth more then vertue or strength To know in war how to take occasion helpeth more then any other thing Neuer conduct Souldiers to fight the fielde tyll theyr myndes be setled The greatest part of prudent Captains rather receue the vyolence of the enemye then to go wyth vyolence to assaught It is hard to ouercome him that can truely iudge his owne strength and what power his enemy is of A fewe men well practised more auayleth then great numbers vnperfect The well chosen place doth sometyme more auayle then valiaunce or strength He that with disorder followeth his enemy vnwisely may of a cōquerour become sometimes a loser He which is vnprouided of necessary victuall is ouercome with out weapon He that asseyeth more in his horsemen then in his footemen or in his footemen more then in his horsemen must chose his ground ther after If thou thinkest thy coūsayl to be known to thy enemyes it standeth thée in hande to chaunge thy pretence Consult with many what thou oughtest to doe but what thou myndest to execute kéepe secret to thy selfe Good Captaynes neuer fight the fielde except they be driuen vnto it by sodayne hap or great néede The greatest pollicie is to greue thy enemie rather with hūger then with weapon It is necessary that Captaynes be well furnished with thrée kyndes of trusty people that is to say spyes scowtes guides ther trusty seruice bringeth good assurance to an Army the lacke of them is great hinderaunce to inuasion Learne what may preuent thy enemie and profit thy selfe Captaines ought rather to say with pity this I can doe then with tyranny this I will do To vse victory gently is more famous then to conquer cruelly The hardy courage lyberall heart and good perswasion maketh a Souldier more profitable to the battaile in the day of fight then the coward Captaine folish and vnthankfull with multitudes of treasure Though many other matters might here haue béen expressed yet thus much at this instāt touching captaines shal suffice Soul. The goodnes of thy godhed doth so graciously abound that it maketh me perseuer in demaunding being not afrayde to be reputed presumptious and bicause it hath pleased thée of thy owne beneuolence thus throughly to instruct me in the knowledge of martiall feates and the seruice in the warres on the lande yet forasmuch as the knowledge of the seruice at the Sea hath euer lykewise bene accompted a most honorable seruice but in specially with vs in England considering the greatest parte of our defence doth something consist in the knowledge of the same that it would therfore please thée to informe me likewise in some thing appertayning to that noble seruice and of what gouernment Captaines should be that ought to take such charge in hand Mer. Touching the noble seruice at the Sea it were much better for me to be sylent rather then in speaking that I should seme to speake to lyttle the which of necessitie I shuld be constrayned or else to speke to small effect considering that neyther by woord ther may be expressed neyther with pen ther may be prescrybed any certayne derection that might gretly profit the skillest man for the knowledge of that seruice is not to be attayned but onely by seruing on the sea and it behoueth such as shold be Captaynes or to take charge that way to haue some skil in Maryners Arte the which at the shore is not to be come by Soul. And yet I haue known some which I am wel assewred cam neuer at the Sea that hath bene able to discourse of Nauigation in a more perfect maner then a great number of those that be accōpted for skilfull Maisters Mer. And yet those perfect talkers should be founde as ignorant to execute their own prescriptions if they wer brought vnto the Sea as thou shewest thy selfe to be deceyued in my meaning to aunswer me thus in a cleane contrary matter for it forceth not so much in a man of war to haue knowledge in the Art of Nauigation as to be well experimented in many other causes but bicause the variacion of thy aunswere falleth out so fit to talke of Maisters skill I wil shew thée therfore how the Maisters should be chosen whereby thou maiest the better perceiue the meaning of my former words Fyrst thou must vnderstand ther are as they be termed two sorts of Maryners in whom ther is likewise found two sundry skylls that is Art in the one experience in the other then first to speak of the artificiall Nauigator who best deserueth the greatest commendation be such as vse to trauail to far and vnknowne countries who sayleth altogether by
Pyge Gose Capon Hen Shéepe or Lambe that fortunes to come in their walke Then in the ende when they come in the place of seruice where generally there are no suche loose endes in common to be founde bicause they must haue something to kéepe them selues in vre then his felowes shyrtes his sword his dager his Caliuer his Moryon or some other parte of his furniture must suffice the turne Whether this that I haue sayd be trew or nay I stande to the report of such as hath hadde the leadinge of newe leuyed bandes Thus through the simplicitie of a Cunstable the Princes seruice is abused the maners and discipline of the aunsient orders corrupted and the name and estimation of the noble Souldier vtterly despysed What farther inconuenience myght come of this appoyntment I thinke those that be wyse may very well foresée when such euell condicioned people in whome there remayneth neyther Religion neyther obedience neyther fidelitie or good meaning neyther any other one sparke of vertue who being in place wher so many good lawes are prescribed and may not yet be restrayned from their vile and filthye condicions yet shall nowe be put in trust to defende the Princes quarraile wherein doth consist the onely securitie of those that were the setters of them forth if they had reason to consider of it Soul. I will not séeme to contende but such order of apoyntment there may bée and such Souldiers peraduenture maye be founde in these new leuied bands but this I dare boldly affirme that such Souldiers as hath ben trained or that knoweth what to seruice doth pertayne or any other in whome good seruice might be found would as greatly despise to be detected of any such infamy as any other that doth counterfait the greatest ciuilitie Mer. Then to procéede how Souldiers ought to be chosen the first and greatest respecte that should be had is to haue regarde to his manners and condiciōs otherwise ther might be chosen an instrument of mischife and a beginner of disorder then consideration must be had of his sufficiency which is to be coniectured by the yeares by the composition of his members by the grace of his countenaunce by the lustines of his body and by the quicknes of his spiright which may be supposed by the liuelinesse of the eyes And bicause such hath euer bene thought most expediēt to serue for souldiers which might best indure all maner of trauailes such as hathe not bene accustomed to any great ease the which condicions as many do suppose is most common to be founde in the husband man or labouring man and although this supposition is not to be denaied yet I do not allow of their choice that wold chose husbādmen to serue for soldiers Fyrst bicause the labouring man may in no wise indure to be pinched of his victuall I meane to be brought to some short alowance as those that vse or frequent the wars may sometime be brought scarsly to make on good dinner in a weeke somtimes in a moneth sometime in more as occasion doth fal out although I know therbe many the wil think me to be much deceued wold aūswer the husbandmen might best away with this scarsitie considering the they be brought vp to hard simple fare which although it be trew yet proofe hath shewed the contrary wher any such hath bene apoynted and experience hath taught such as haue marked it that where any such want hath hapned those kynd of people haue first shewed themselues to bée worst able to indure it And in warres it goeth not so much by him that can fare hardly as by hym that can longest continewe with least meate For to fare hardly ther is no man how dayntely so euer he hath bene brought vp but hunger wyll teach him to away with a courser dyet But he is to be alowed for a Souldier that if occasion doth serue can be wel contented to satisfie himselfe with some small petaunce or that may endure with some little quantitie whose courage wyll nothing dismay if they may haue but wherwith to suffice Nature and this abstinēce proceedeth onely of the valewer of the mynde and is not to be founde in the husbād man or labouring man who although they may away with simple fare yet they must haue their bellies fyld they can not abide to be pinched of their victual for if thei be brought but to some small restraint in comparison what noble Souldiers will indure they presentlye shewe themselues to haue no manner of courage but euen as men that were more then halfe dead in whom there is to be found neither hope nor comforte An other cause why I would refuse suche for Souldiers is this because the order of seruice in these daies consisteth much in the quicknesse nimblenesse and redinesse in Souldiers and this celerytie is not to be found in Husbandmen or laboryng men Furthermore they are vtterly voyde of one of the greatest graces that to a Souldier doth pertayne Which is to be delightsome in the wearing of his apparell and in the keeping of his furniture for lyke as there was yet neuer any excelent Artificer whiche hath not had a speciall regard in the keepyng of such Instrumentes as apertayneth to his facultie in a neat and decent manner so questionlesse he he wyll neuer proue to be good Souldier that hath not delight in the keping of his furniture wherewith he is apoynted to serue in a braue and galant order And in my opinion one of the greatest respectes that maye be vsed in the choyce of a Souldier in whome there hath bin had no maner of triall is to haue consideration in his order of apparell for he that taketh not some felycitie in the wearynge of his garments in good order and fashion wil neuer take any pleasure in the keepynge of his furniture and to be short wyll neuer proue to be a good Souldier for what vnséemlyer sighte may there be when a Souldier shall come into the Féelde with his Armour all rustye the ioyntes vnriueted the Leather and Buckels all broken and tyed together with poynts his Sworde halfe without a scabard his Pyke head vnuayled and sewtable to the reste his Caliuer so vernisht with rust that the Cocke wyll not play and then his game wyll not goe as they tearme it his Morryan with one cheeck off and an other one or els hanginge a swashe lyke a Hogge new hunted and although that euery band hath of ordinary Armorers and other that be appoynted for the mendyng of any the premesses yet the pinishnesse is such or rather the slouthfullnesse of a many of lubbers so great that they cannot vouchsafe to cary them where they might haue suche fautes amended withoute any other trouble Wherfore I woulde not wishe that any such kynde of people should be permited to serue for souldiers for what greater incouragment may there be to the enemy then when he shall incounter with such a one
vse victory gently as of Mars to become victors manfully I wyll begyn with Agesilaus that worthy Kyng and Captayne who was wonte very often to warne his souldiers that they shoulde not torment theyr prisoners but to vse them as men For children taken in the warre he prouided that they should be brought together into some place where they myght be in safetie the same prouision care he lykewyse had for such as were aged or impotent persons least bicause they were not able to folow they might be torne or deuoured by wylde beastes and this humanitie gatte him the hearts and wonderfull beneuolēce euen of his enemies King Demytrius was of such excedinge clemency that when he had recōquered the Athenians which sediciously had shronke from him and perceiuing that they wer ny famished for want of Corne he calling thē together in an open assēbly graunted them freely a great quantitie of Corne and as he fortuned in his speking to pronounce a certayne word amisse one of the assembly interrupting him in his speaking and shewed him how to pronounce that woorde aryght trewly quoth he for this correction I graūt you other .50000 busshells Tigranes king of Armenia being taken by Pompei throwing downe his Crowne kneling at his féete was taken vp by that noble Captaine being moued with his submission was restored againe to his former dignitie saying it better pleased him to make a King then to destroy a King. Augustus when he conquered Alexandria being moued with pitie in the sight of the Citizens which hoped of nothing more then death sayd for the bewty of your citie for the memory of Alexander for the loue I beare to Pryus your Philosopher and for the pitie I beare to you all I spare to you your lyues and Citie Metellus beseiging the great Citie Centobryca when the bulwarkes wer broken the walles redy to fall and victory euen at hand that the women of the town brought forth their children in their armes crauing mercy at Metellus handes Who although the victory conquest wer euen at a point yet was himself conquered by their pitifull requestes and thus remoued his siege Alexander being out in warfare the winter time sitting by the fyre and perceiuing a souldier almost dead for cold made him sit in his owne place saying if thou haddest bene borne in Persia it had ben treason for thée to sit in the Kings seat but to him that is borne in Macedonia it is lawfull An other time when he was in the wars in Persia meting an old man by the way in ragged and rent clothes alighted from his horse and caused the poore man to mounte vp in his roome An other vertue wherewith a captayne shoulde be indued is continencie for th 〈…〉 whiche that noble Captayne Scipio wa◠greatly to be praysed who being in Spaine ▪ a virgin of excellent beautie and also o◠noble parentage which rauished all men◠eyes being brought vnto him he deliuered her to Luceius to whom she was espoused and lykewise gaue vnto him for a dowrie the golde that her parentes had brought to redéeme her by the whiche magnificence the whole nation of Spaine was ouercome submitted them selues to the Romayne Empier The same Scipio triumphing lyke a valiant victor after the winning of Carthage and that Numantia a noble young virgin that for her passing beautie and great admiration of person was presented vnto him as a rare gift Scipio a long tyme amased at her sight yet thinking with him self· howe vnfitly it woulde fal out for a noble conquerour to be conquered by a woman ▪ he him self brought her home to her father to Campania saying Were it not that I am a cōquerour I had not ben able to haue brought home thy daughter Alexander Magnus with so great continencie regarded a virgin taken in warre of excellent beautie and for as much as she was espoused vnto a Prince of the next nation he woulde not once beholde her face sendyng her foorthwith vnto her spouse by the whiche benefite he allured and won the hearts of al the nation the lyke humanitie he also vsed towarde the wyfe of kyng Darius whose beautie at that tyme of al other dyd excell The examples of iustice hath likewise ben muche beneficial to noble Captaynes and hath sometime made more with them to subdue their enemies thē force of arms as when Camillus had besieged the Phalisciens the schoolemaister vnder pretence to walke abroade brought the Phalisciens children without the walles and deliuered them to Camillus and sayd the citie must néedes graunt to all thy request to attayne agayne those so deare hostages Camillus who abhorred to sée his falshood hauing regarde to his owne fame and renowme caused his handes to be bound behind him deliuering him to the children with rods to driue him home to the towne by whiche benefit he attained his desire and the Phalisciens for his iustice willinglye yéelded themselues King Pirrhus phisition came vnto Fabricius captayne of the Romanes promised to poisō Pirrhus so that he wold geue him a reward worthy of so great an enterprise Fabricius thinking he had no néed to purchase his victorie so wickedly detected the Phisition to the king which faythful act cōpelled Pirrhus to séeke the Romaines friendship The Emperour Augustus Caesar building places of defence in the coastes of France commaunded that the wood should be payde for wherwith he made his leases and that the rent should be truely payd for the fruites of al those places whiche he had inclosed with his trench by meane wherof he gat such a name of iustice that he made more easier the cōquest of the same prouince Couetousnesse hath ben euer abhorred of noble Captaines as may appeare by many examples for when Cineus the Ambassadour of the Epirotiens ▪ brought vnto Fabricius a great summe of golde for to present he would none of it saying that hee would rather rule them that had golde then haue it him selfe Iulius Ceaser hauing all the substaunce treasure of Pompey brought before him tooke nothing from his souldiers but Pompeis Letters Alexander when hée had conquered Darius hauing a great Chist of treasure to the value of 200000. li. besides other Iewels of inestimable value wold take nothing but a litel booke named the Iliades of Homer After the L. Mummius had takē Corinth and had not only adorned Italy but also all the prouince with rich tables and costly Images he of so great spoyles toke so litle to his own vse that the Senate was fayne for very néede to geue dowry to his daughter of the common treasures After that Lu. Scipio had accomplished his worthy enterprises noble feats in Spain he deceased in great pouertie and lefte not behynde him so much money as should suffice for the dowry of his daughters to whō for very néeds the Senate was faine to geue a dowry of the common treasure Nicostratus a Captayne being required by Archidamus that ▪ if hée would not deliuer